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Journal articles on the topic 'Cementitious composite'
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1
Yuan, Fang, Jinlong Pan, and Christopher KY Leung. "Elastoplastic time history analysis of reinforced engineered cementitious composite or engineered cementitious composite–concrete composite frame under earthquake action." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 4 (June 26, 2016): 491–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216655809.
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Engineered cementitious composite is a class of high-performance cementitious composites with pseudo-strain hardening behavior and excellent crack control capacity. Substitution of concrete with engineered cementitious composite can greatly reduce the cracking and durability problems associated with low tensile strength and brittleness of concrete and can significantly increase structural seismic resistance. In this article, a pair of beam–column joints with various matrix types has been tested under reversed cyclic loading to study the effect of substitution of concrete with engineered cementitious composite in the joint zone on the seismic behaviors of composite members. After that, a simplified constitutive model of engineered cementitious composite under cyclic loading is proposed, and the structural performance of steel reinforced engineered cementitious composite members is simulated by fiber beam elements. The accuracy of the model is verified with test data. Finally, three frame structures with different matrixes subjected to earthquake actions were numerically modeled to verify the contribution of ductile engineered cementitious composite material to structural seismic resistance. The seismic responses or failure mechanisms, deformation patterns, and energy dissipation capacities for each frame structure are analyzed and compared. The simulation results indicate that the application of engineered cementitious composite can reduce the maximum story drift ratio, and the distributions of the dissipated energy are more uniform along the building height when engineered cementitious composite is strategically used in ground columns and beam–column joints of the frame structure. The seismic performance of the reinforced engineered cementitious composite-concrete composite frame is found to be even better than the frame with all concrete replaced by engineered cementitious composite.
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Zhang, Peng, Qing-fu Li, Juan Wang, Yan Shi, and Yi-feng Ling. "Effect of PVA fiber on durability of cementitious composite containing nano-SiO2." Nanotechnology Reviews 8, no. 1 (October 26, 2019): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0011.
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Abstract In the current investigation, the influence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers on flowability and durability of cementitious composite containing fly ash and nano-SiO2 was evaluated. PVA fibers were added into the composite at a volume fraction of 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.2%. The flowability of the fresh cementitious composite was assessed using slump flow. The durability of cementitious composite includes carbonation resistance, permeability resistance, cracking resistance as well as freezing-thawing resistance, which were evaluated by the depth of carbonation, the water permeability height, cracking resistance ratio of the specimens, and relative dynamic elastic modulus of samples after freeze-thaw cycles, respectively. The results indicated that addition of PVA fibers had a little disadvantageous influence on flowability of cementitious composite, and the flowability of the fresh mixtures decreased with increases in PVA fiber content. Incorporation of PVA fibers significantly improved the durability of cementitious composites regardless of addition of nano-particles. When the fiber content was less than 1.2%, the durability indices of permeability resistance and cracking resistance increased with fiber content. However, the durability indices of carbonation resistance and freezing-thawing resistance began to decrease as the fiber dosage increased from 0.9% to 1.2%. The fiber reinforced cementitious composite exhibited better durability due to addition of nano-SiO2 particles. Nano-SiO2 particle improves microscopic structure of fiber reinforced cementitious composites, and the nano-particles are beneficial for PVA fibers to play the role of reinforcement in cementitious composites.
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Dong, Fangyuan, Jiangtao Yu, Kaili Zhan, and Zhanhong Li. "Seismic fragility analysis of two-story ultra-high ductile cementitious composites frame without steel reinforcement." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 11 (April 13, 2020): 2373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220912350.
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This article numerically studies the seismic vulnerability of the frame structure made of ultra-high ductile cementitious composites without longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. A non-linear finite element model is established with the help of Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation and calibrated by shaking table test results on an ultra-high ductile cementitious composite-RC frame whose seismic vulnerable parts were replaced by ultra-high ductile cementitious composites without steel reinforcement. Subsequently, an analysis on the structural seismic vulnerability is performed on pure ultra-high ductile cementitious composite frame structure based on the incremental dynamic analysis method. Finally, a seismic vulnerability matrix of the ultra-high ductile cementitious composite frame under various structural limit states is obtained from seismic fragility curves. Under the major earthquake of magnitude 7.5, the probability of ultra-high ductile cementitious composite frame structure under basically intact, slight damage, moderate damage, serious damage, and collapse is 14.2%, 48.1%, 31.7%, 5.3%, and 0.7%, respectively. The achieved results also demonstrate that the ultra-high ductile cementitious composite frame can satisfy the objectivity of “No collapsed under major earthquake” at least for major earthquakes of magnitude 8. It is demonstrated that the ultra-high ductile cementitious composite frame satisfies three-level performance objectivity stipulated in GB 50011-2010 and, thus, preliminarily verifying the feasibility for constructing structures just using high-performance concrete.
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Hou, Wei, Guan Lin, Xiaomeng Li, Pandeng Zheng, and Zixiong Guo. "Compressive behavior of steel spiral confined engineered cementitious composites in circular columns." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 14 (June 15, 2020): 3075–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220928528.
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Extensive research has been conducted on the uniaxial tensile and compressive behavior of engineered cementitious composites. Despite the high tensile ductility and high toughness of engineered cementitious composites, transverse steel reinforcement is still necessary for high-performance structural members made of engineered cementitious composites. However, very limited research has been concerned with the compressive behavior of steel-confined engineered cementitious composites. This article presents the results of axial compression tests on a series of circular engineered cementitious composite columns confined with steel spirals. The test variables included the engineered cementitious composite compressive strength, the spiral pitch, and the spiral yield stress. The test results show that steel-confined engineered cementitious composites in the test columns exhibited a very ductile behavior; the steel spiral confinement contributed effectively to the enhancement of both strength and ductility of engineered cementitious composites. The test results were then interpreted by comparing them with the predictions from some existing models. It was found that the existing models previously developed for confined concrete failed to predict the compressive strength of steel-confined engineered cementitious composites with sufficient accuracy. New fitting equations for the compressive properties of steel-confined engineered cementitious composites were then obtained on the basis of the test results of this study as well as those from an existing study.
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Zhang, Peng, Qingfu Li, Juan Wang, Yan Shi, Yuanxun Zheng, and Yifeng Ling. "Effect of Nano-Particle on Durability of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3680.
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In this study, the influence of nano-particle on flowability and durability of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers reinforced cementitious composite containing fly ash was evaluated. In the cementitious composite, Portland cement was replaced with 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% (by weight) of nano-particles. Two kinds of nano-particle of SiO2 and CaCO3 nano-particles were adopted in this study. PVA fibers were incorporated to the composite at a dosage of 0.9% (by volume). The flowability of the fresh cementitious composite was assessed using slump flow measurements. The durability of hardened cementitious composite includes carbonation resistance, permeability resistance, cracking resistance as well as freezing-thawing resistance, which were evaluated by the depth of carbonation, the water permeability height, cracking resistance ratio of the specimens, and relative dynamic elastic modulus of samples after freeze-thaw cycles, respectively. Our results showed incorporation of nano-particles had a little disadvantageous effect on flowability of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composite, and the flowability of the fresh mixtures decreased with increases in the nano-particles content. The decrease in flowability of cementitious composite resulted by nano-SiO2 particles is more remarkable than nano-CaCO3 particles. The addition of both nano-SiO2 and nano-CaCO3 particles significantly improved the durability of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composite. However, the improvement of nano-SiO2 on durability is much better than that of nano-CaCO3. When the amount of SiO2 nano-particle was less than 2.5%, the durability of cementitious composites increased with nano-SiO2 content. The microstructure of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composite becomes much denser due to filler effect of nano-particle and generation of particles of hydrated products C–S–H gels. Both of SiO2 and CaCO3 nano-particle improved the microstructure of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composite, and nano-SiO2 particles might be more beneficial for PVA fibers to play the role of reinforcement than nano-CaCO3 particles in the composites.
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Liu, Ting-Yu, Peng Zhang, Qing-Fu Li, Shao-Wei Hu, and Yi-Feng Ling. "Durability Assessment of PVA Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite Containing Nano-SiO2 Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System." Crystals 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2020): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10050347.
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In this study, the durability of polyvinyl alcohol fiber-reinforced cementitious composite containing nano-SiO2 was evaluated using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). According to the structural characteristics of the cementitious composite material and some related standards, the classification criteria for the evaluation indices of cementitious composite materials were clarified, and a corresponding structural framework of durability assessment was constructed. Based on the hypothesis testing principle, the required test data capacity was determined under a certain degree of accuracy, and durability experimental data and expert evaluation results were simulated according to statistical principles to ensure that there were sufficient datasets for ANFIS training. Using an environmental factor submodule as an example, 14 sets of actual test data were used to verify that the ANFIS can quickly and effectively mimic the expert evaluation reasoning process to evaluate the durability of cementitious composites. Compared with other studies related to the durability of cementitious composites, a systematic evaluation system for the durability of concrete was established. We used a polyvinyl alcohol fiber-reinforced cementitious composite containing nano-SiO2 to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of cementitious composites. Compared with the traditional expert evaluation method, the durability evaluation system based on the ANFIS learned expert experience, stored the expert experience in fuzzy rules, and eliminated the subjectivity of expert evaluation, thereby making the evaluation more objective and scientific.
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Zhang, Peng, Yonghui Yang, Juan Wang, Meiju Jiao, and Yifeng Ling. "Fracture Models and Effect of Fibers on Fracture Properties of Cementitious Composites—A Review." Materials 13, no. 23 (December 2, 2020): 5495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235495.
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Cementitious composites have good ductility and pseudo-crack control. However, in practical applications of these composites, the external load and environmental erosion eventually form a large crack in the matrix, resulting in matrix fracture. The fracture of cementitious composite materials causes not only structural insufficiency, but also economic losses associated with the maintenance and reinforcement of cementitious composite components. Therefore, it is necessary to study the fracture properties of cementitious composites for preventing the fracture of the matrix. In this paper, a multi-crack cracking model, fictitious crack model, crack band model, pseudo-strain hardening model, and double-K fracture model for cementitious composites are presented, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The multi-crack cracking model can determine the optimal mixing amount of fibers in the matrix. The fictitious crack model and crack band model are stress softening models describing the cohesion in the fracture process area. The pseudo-strain hardening model is mainly applied to ductile materials. The double-K fracture model mainly describes the fracture process of concrete. Additionally, the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and steel fibers (SFs) on the fracture properties of the matrix are analyzed. The fracture properties of cementitious composite can be greatly improved by adding 1.5–2% PVA fiber or 4% steel fiber (SF). The fracture property of cementitious composite can also be improved by adding 1.5% steel fiber and 1% PVA fiber. However, there are many problems to be solved for the application of cementitious composites in actual engineering. Therefore, further research is needed to solve the fracture problems frequently encountered in engineering.
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Wang, Zheng, Guangjun Zhang, and Min Yuan. "Nano-Silicon Dioxide-Optimized Cementitious Composite Material in the Restoration of Concrete Cracks in House Building." Science of Advanced Materials 13, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 2167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2021.4139.
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This study aimed to investigate the restoration performance of nanocomposite materials used in house building. The ethyl orthosilicate was used as raw material, the sol–gel method was adopted to synthesize nano-silicon dioxide (SiO2), and the doped nano-SiO2 cementitious composite material was prepared. Then, the mechanical properties of the cementitious composite material based on different nano-SiO2 content was analysed through the characterization and performance test. The results showed that the nano-SiO2 prepared this time had regular crystal phases, small particle size, and certain thermal stability, with fully developed crystal grains. By analysing the mechanical properties of nano-SiO2 doped cementitious composites, it was found that the initial setting time and final setting time both showed an upward trend when the doped content of nano-SiO2 was less than 3%. Besides, the initial setting time and final setting time of cementitious composites decreased when the content was 3%–5%. The fluidity analysis indicated that the fluidity of cementified composites gradually dropped with the growth of nano-SiO2 content. The test results of mechanical properties of cementitious composites doped with nano-SiO2 revealed that the flexural strength and compressive strength of cementitious composites presented a trend of first rising and then falling, as the nano-SiO2 content rose. Shrinkage test results showed that the shrinkage rate of the gel composites increased with the growth of duration. The specific surface area and pore ratio measurement results indicated that the specific surface area of the cementitious composite doped with nano-SiO2 was 33.42 m2/g, and the porosity was small. In conclusion, the nano-SiO2-doped cementitious composite material synthesized in this study had good mechanical properties and could be applied in the repair of concrete cracks in house building.
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Merta, Ildiko, Ana Mladenovič, Janez Turk, Aljoša Šajna, and Alenka Mauko Pranjić. "Life Cycle Assessment of Natural Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Key Engineering Materials 761 (January 2018): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.761.204.
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Three cementitious composites containing different natural fibres (flax, hemp and sea-grass) were evaluated from an environmental perspective by means of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method applying the cradle-to-gate approach. The environmental impact of these composites was compared to that of cementitious composites reinforced with conventional synthetic polyacrilonitrile (PAN) fibres. The functional unit was the production of one cubic meter of cementitious composites ready-for-use. The results show that generally the environmental footprint of composite with synthetic fibres is bigger than the footprint of the composites with added natural fibres. Exceptions may only be the impacts on eutrophication and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, which are significantly affected by cultivation of crops. Flax and hemp cultivation is associated with emissions to soil and water. For this reason, the composite mixture with flax fibres has a significantly greater impact on eutrophication and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity than the composite mixture with synthetic fibres. A cementitious composite mixture with sea-grass shows the lowest impacts in all impact categories. The entire life cycle of the studied composites was not included in this research since the life cycle of natural fibre composites is not straightforward and is highly dependent on the durability of the fibres within the matrix.
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STROEVEN, Piet, Martijn STROEVEN, and Jianjun ZHENG. "Structural Simulation of Cementitious Composites(Composite 2)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Fracture and Strength and International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics 2.01.03 (2001): 611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatemapcfs.2.01.03.0_611.
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Jašek, Marek, Jiri Brozovsky, Lucie Mynarzová, and Jan Hurta. "Development of Green Engineered Cementitious Composites." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.3.
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A development of fiber-cement composites is often focused on cost-effective and environmentally friendly materials (so-called green materials). Production of this material should produce less waste and it also should use less energy and less natural sources. There are numerous approaches to the development of green composites. One of the possible ways is a utilization of fly ashes instead of the cement part of composite. The paper discusses a development of green cementitious composite which incorporated fly ash materials produced in the Moravian-Silesian region as a partial replacement of the cement part of the composite.
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Liu, Ting-Yu, Peng Zhang, Juan Wang, and Yi-Feng Ling. "Compressive Strength Prediction of PVA Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites Containing Nano-SiO2 Using BP Neural Network." Materials 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030521.
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In this study, a method to optimize the mixing proportion of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber-reinforced cementitious composites and improve its compressive strength based on the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation (BP) neural network algorithm and genetic algorithm is proposed by adopting a three-layer neural network (TLNN) as a model and the genetic algorithm as an optimization tool. A TLNN was established to implement the complicated nonlinear relationship between the input (factors affecting the compressive strength of cementitious composite) and output (compressive strength). An orthogonal experiment was conducted to optimize the parameters of the BP neural network. Subsequently, the optimal BP neural network model was obtained. The genetic algorithm was used to obtain the optimum mix proportion of the cementitious composite. The optimization results were predicted by the trained neural network and verified. Mathematical calculations indicated that the BP neural network can precisely and practically demonstrate the nonlinear relationship between the cementitious composite and its mixture proportion and predict the compressive strength. The optimal mixing proportion of the PVA fiber-reinforced cementitious composites containing nano-SiO2 was obtained. The results indicate that the method used in this study can effectively predict and optimize the compressive strength of PVA fiber-reinforced cementitious composites containing nano-SiO2.
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Xu, Shilang, Wen Liu, and Qinghua Li. "Deformation calculation of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite–concrete beam under flexure fatigue with ultra-high toughness cementitious composite fatigue damage model." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 22, no. 1 (March 27, 2012): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789511435426.
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Ultra-high toughness cementitious composite is a construction material, with the characteristics of strain hardening and multiple cracking under uniaxial tension. It can be applied as a feasible repair material for structures subjected to fatigue load. In this paper, flexural fatigue tests on the composite beam constituted of an ultra-high toughness cementitious composite layer and a concrete layer with the same height (ultra-high toughness cementitious composite–concrete beam) are carried out. Then, on the basis of fatigue stress degradation models of concrete and ultra-high toughness cementitious composite, the fatigue process of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite–concrete beam is analyzed. It is shown that, the fatigue failure of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite–concrete beam in this paper is caused by the damage of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite layer. Therefore, with the flexural fatigue damage model of plain ultra-high toughness cementitious composite beam, the evolution curve of maximum tensile strain on the bottom surface of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite layer with the ratio of load cycles is calculated. The calculated strain is in good agreement with the experimental result. That is to say, the factual deformation, dependent on the fatigue stress level, can be predicted by the calculated result. As a result, the flexural fatigue damage model of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite can be applicable to evaluate the fatigue performance of ultra-high toughness cementitious composite–concrete beam.
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Huang, Shuai, Yuejun Lyu, and Yanju Peng. "Application Research of New Cementitious Composite Materials in Saline Soil Subgrade Aseismic Strengthening." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (January 3, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7525692.
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Saline soil affected by earthquakes and groundwater can lead to subgrade subsidence and collapse in highway construction. Consequently, considering the potential activity of the waste slag and magnesia, new cementitious composite materials used in solid saline soil were developed in our study. The unconfined compressive strengths of the saline soil solidified by the new cementitious composite materials with a combination of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, gypsum, and mineral powder and cement were investigated, and the optimum dosage proportion of the new cementitious composite material for solidifying saline soil was determined; then the SEM, EDS, and XRD of the saline soil solidified by the new cementitious composite materials and cement were analysed. The research result showed that the saline soil solidified by our newly developed cementitious composite material showed compact internal structure and uniformly distributed soil particles; moreover, the new cementitious composite material exhibited a favourable solidifying effect on harmful ions in saline soil, and the Cl− trapping capacity of the new cementitious composite materials was stronger than that of cement. Finally, our developed cementitious composite material was applied to saline soil subgrade strengthening, and the displacement, acceleration, excess pore water pressure, and damage degree of the subgrade strengthening by our newly developed cementitious composite materials decreased remarkably; therefore, our newly developed cementitious composite material can improve the seismic behaviour of the saline soil subgrade and show potential future engineering application value.
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Luo, Ting, and Qiang Wang. "Effects of Graphite on Electrically Conductive Cementitious Composite Properties: A Review." Materials 14, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 4798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174798.
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Electrically conductive cementitious composites (ECCCs) have been widely used to complete functional and smart construction projects. Graphite, due to its low cost and wide availability, is a promising electrically conductive filler to generate electrically conductive networks in cement matrixes. Cement-based materials provide an ideal balance of safety, environmental protection, strength, durability, and economy. Today, graphite is commonly applied in traditional cementitious materials. This paper reviews previous studies regarding the effects and correlations of the use of graphite-based materials as conductive fillers on the properties of traditional cementitious materials. The dispersion, workability, cement hydration, mechanical strength, durability, and electrically conductive mechanisms of cementitious composites modified with graphite are summarized. Graphite composite modification methods and testing methods for the electrical conductivity of ECCCs are also summarized.
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Lee, Heeyoung, Jongkyeong Seong, and Wonseok Chung. "Correlation Analysis of Heat Curing and Compressive Strength of Carbon Nanotube–Cement Mortar Composites at Sub-Zero Temperatures." Crystals 11, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101182.
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Concrete curing under sub-zero temperatures causes various problems, such as initial cracking and a decrease in mechanical strength. This study investigated the effect of sub-zero ambient temperature and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) content on the heat and strength characteristics of heat-cured MWCNT cementitious composites. The experimental parameters were the application of heat curing, MWCNT content, use of an insulation box to achieve a closed system, and ambient temperature. The results showed that the internal temperature change of the MWCNT cementitious composite increased with the ambient temperature and MWCNT content. When an insulation box was installed, the maximum temperature change of the MWCNT cementitious composite during curing increased. Furthermore, heat curing increased the compressive strength of the cementitious composite. Moreover, a microstructure analysis using field-emission scanning electron microscopy verified the formation of a MWCNT network among the cement hydrates.
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de Lima, Thuany E. S., Afonso R. G. de Azevedo, Markssuel T. Marvila, Verônica S. Candido, Roman Fediuk, and Sergio N. Monteiro. "Potential of Using Amazon Natural Fibers to Reinforce Cementitious Composites: A Review." Polymers 14, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030647.
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The engineering application of natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) has been intensifying all over the world due to their low cost and abundance, as well as their being eco-friendly and presenting favorable technological properties in polymeric and cementitious composites. Brazil, especially the Amazon region, owing to its climate and geographic position, has an abundant variety of NLFs that are still unexplored with great potential for use in various composite materials and applications such as civil construction, automobile parts and armor. Therefore, this review aims to establish a parallel between the technological properties of cementitious composites reinforced with Amazon NLFs, both in fresh and hardened states, and to analyze, compare results and contribute to a better understanding of the similarities and differences between the types of reinforcements. A relevant contribution of this review is the possibility of improving knowledge about Amazon NLFs, showing their potential for application in eco-friendly materials, in addition to contributing to studies with new NLFs not yet applied in composite. For this, it was necessary to carry out a literature survey on the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of cementitious composites reinforced with NLFs, in addition to analyzing case studies involving fibers such as curaua, açai, bamboo, jute and sisal. It can be concluded that the physical and chemical characteristics of the Amazon NLFs directly influence the technological properties of cementitious compounds, such as mechanical strength and water absorption. However, there might be a need for surface treatment aimed at improving adhesion and durability of the cementitious composite. Finally, some suggestions for future research work are highlighted in order to show the need to continue investigations on the application of Amazon NLFs in cementitious composites.
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D'Antino, Tommaso, Carlo Pellegrino, Christian Carloni, Lesley H. Sneed, and Giorgio Giacomin. "Experimental Analysis of the Bond Behavior of Glass, Carbon, and Steel FRCM Composites." Key Engineering Materials 624 (September 2014): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.624.371.
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In recent decades, the construction industry has witnessed a rapid growth of interest in strengthening and retrofitting of existing reinforced concrete (RC) and masonry structures. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have gained great popularity, and several studies are now available in the literature on their use in strengthening and retrofit applications. Promising newly-developed composite materials are represented by the so-called fiber reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites. FRCM composites are comprised of high strength fibers embedded within a cementitious matrix that is responsible for the stress transfer between the existing structure and the strengthening material. FRCM composites are still in their infancy, and very limited results are available in the literature on RC and masonry strengthening applications. This study presents an experimental campaign conducted on different FRCM composites comprised of glass, carbon, or steel fibers embedded within two different cementitious matrices and applied to concrete prisms. The single-lap direct-shear test was used to study the stress-transfer mechanism between the FRCM composite and the concrete substrate. Two different composite bonded lengths were investigated. Debonding occurred at the matrix-fiber interface for some of the composites tested and at the concrete-matrix interface for others. This work contributes to the study of the bond behavior of FRCM composites, which represents a key issue for the effectiveness of FRCM composite strengthening.
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Wang, Hai Long, Guang Yu Peng, Yue Jing Luo, and Xiao Yan Sun. "Uniaxial Tensile Experiment on PVA Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.270.
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Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a representative of the new generation of high performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites. To reveal the influence of mineral admixtures on the tensile mechanical characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composites (PVA-ECC), the tensile properties of PVA-ECC with replacing cement by a significant amount of fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK) was experimentally investigated. Uniaxial tensile experiment was carried out using rectangular thin plate with sizes of 400×100×15mm3. Results from uniaxial tensile tests show that these mineral admixtures can improve the properties of PVA-ECC. The composite can achieve an ultimate strain of 2.0%, as well as an ultimate strength of 4.0MPa, with a moderate fiber volume fraction of 2.0%. In addition, the composites with FA, SF and MK show saturated multiple cracking characteristics with crack width at ultimate strain limited to below 175μm.
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Sun, Mian, Youzhi Chen, Jiaoqun Zhu, Tao Sun, Zhonghe Shui, Gang Ling, and Haoxuan Zhong. "Effect of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibers on the Mechanical Behavior of Engineered Cementitious Composites." Materials 12, no. 1 (December 22, 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010037.
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：Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber was proposed to enhance the mechanical performance of engineered cementitious composite in this research. A mixture of engineered cementitious composite with better expected performance was made by adding 2% PVA fiber. Mechanics tests, including pressure resistance, fracture resistance, and ultimate tensile strength, were conducted. They reveal that the engineered cementitious composites not only exhibit good pressure resistance, but they also exhibit excellent fracture resistance and strain capability against tensile stress through mechanics tests, including pressure resistance, fracture resistance, and ultimate tensile resistance. To further improve the engineered composites’ ductility, attempts to modify the performance of the PVA fiber surface have been made by using a vinyl acetate (VAE) emulsion, a butadiene–styrene emulsion, and boric anhydride. Results indicated that the VAE emulsion achieved the best performance improvement. Its use in fiber pre-processing enables the formation of a layer of film with weak acidity, which restrains the hydration of adjacent gel materials, and reduces the strength of transitional areas of the fiber/composite interface, which restricts fiber slippage and pulls out as a result of its growth in age, and reduces hydration levels. Research illustrates that the performance-improvement processing that is studied not only improves the strain of the engineered cementitious composites, but can also reduce the attenuation of the strain against tensile stress.
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Zheng, Xuan, Jun Zhang, and Zhenbo Wang. "Effect of multiple matrix cracking on crack bridging of fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 26 (May 4, 2020): 3949–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320923145.
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In the present paper, a modified micromechanics based model that describes the crack bridging stress in randomly oriented discontinuous fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite is developed. In the model, effect of multiple matrix cracking on fiber embedded length, which in turn influencing fiber bridging in the composite, is taken into consideration. First, crack spacing of high strength-low shrinkage engineered cementitious composite was experimentally determined by photographing the specimen surface at some given loading points during uniaxial tensile test. The diagram of average cracking spacing and loading time of each composite is obtained based on above data. Then, fiber bridging model is modified by introducing a revised fiber embedment length as a function of crack spacing. The model is verified with uniaxial tensile test on both tensile strength and crack opening. Good agreement between model and test results is obtained. The modified model can be used in design and prediction of tensile properties of fiber reinforced cementitious composites with characteristics of multiple matrix cracking.
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Adhikary, Suman Kumar, Žymantas Rudžionis, and R. Rajapriya. "The Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Flowability, Mechanical, Microstructural and Durability Properties of Cementitious Composite: An Overview." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 8362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208362.
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Excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability make carbon nanotubes (CNTs) some of the most promising nanomaterials that can be used in cementitious composites to improve their performance. However, the difficulty of CNTs’ dispersion within the cementitious structure still exists and thus prevents the homogeneous distribution of CNTs. The homogeneous distribution of CNTs within a composite structure plays an essential role that can have a positive effect on the mechanical performance of CNT-cement composites. This paper introduces the methods for the production of CNTs and provides useful information about the influence of CNTs on the flowability, mechanical performance, microstructural changes and hydration of cement composites. The influences of water-cement ratio, used surfactants and various doses of CNTs on the properties of cementitious composites were also studied.
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Md Zin, Nasuha, Amin Al-Fakih, Ehsan Nikbakht, Wee Teo, and Mahmoud Anwar Gad. "Influence of Secondary Reinforcement on Behaviour of Corbels with Various Types of High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Materials 12, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 4159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12244159.
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An experimental study is conducted to determine the influence of secondary reinforcement on the behaviour of corbels fabricated with three different types of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites, including engineered cementitious concrete (ECC); high-performance steel fiber-reinforced composite (HPSFRC); and hybrid fiber-reinforced composite (HyFRC). Two shear span-to-depth ratios (a/d = 0.75 and 1.0) are explored. The mechanical properties of the composites in terms of tensile, compressive, and flexural strengths are investigated. Next, the structural behaviour of the high-performance cementitious composite corbels in terms of ultimate load capacity, ductility, and failure modes under the three-point bending test are investigated. The secondary reinforcement is proven to significantly affect stiffness and ultimately load capacity of all three high-performance composite corbels with an aspect ratio of 0.75. However, the secondary reinforcement was more impactful for the HPSFRC corbels, with 51% increase of ultimate strength. Moreover, in terms of damage, fewer cracks occurred in ECC corbels. HPSFRC corbels displayed the highest level of ductility and deformation capacity compared to the other specimens. The results were comparatively analyzed against the predicted results using truss and plastic truss models which provided relatively reliable shear strength.
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Jalal, Mostafa, and Esmaeel Mansouri. "Thermal and mechanical characteristics of cement nanocomposites." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 20, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2012-0053.
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AbstractWidespread applications and advantages of different types of composite materials have drawn researchers’ attention toward the science and technology of composites. Among these materials, cementitious composites have a special place, as they have many applications in various fields of structural and civil engineering. Due to the importance of cementitious composites and their behavior, investigation of their properties is of great importance. Thus in the present study, thermal and mechanical properties of the self-compacting cementitious composites containing different fractions of nano TiO2 have been investigated. Mechanical properties were assessed through compressive, split tensile and flexural tests. The thermal properties were assessed through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and conduction calorimetry tests. Accelerated peak appearance in conduction calorimetry tests and more weight loss in thermogravimetric analysis could indicate that TiO2 nanoparticles could lead to strength development at earlier ages and improve the properties of the self-compacting cementitious composites.
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Krzywiński, Kamil, Łukasz Sadowski, and Magdalena Piechówka-Mielnik. "Engineering of composite materials made of epoxy resins modified with recycled fine aggregate." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2021-0029.
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Abstract The paper presents studies performed on polymer-cementitious composite made of epoxy resin coating modified with aggregate and cementitious substrate. Epoxy resin is a perfect material that can be used to protect cementitious materials. According to its manufacturer, it can be mixed with fine aggregate. Coarse aggregate made of building demolition wastes is mostly utilized in concrete mixtures or road structures. Fine aggregate is not widely used. Therefore, the novelty of this research was the utilization of recycled fine aggregate (RFA) in epoxy resin coatings. Natural fine aggregate (NFA) was also used as an extender in the coating. The natural aggregate in the coating was partially replaced with recycled aggregate in amounts of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of its weight. Sixteen specimens of polymer-cementitious composites were prepared for the flexural tensile strength test, and thirty-two specimens for the compressive strength test. The macroscale tests were performed after 35 days of curing (28 days – cementitious substrate, and 7 days – epoxy resin). The results show that the epoxy resin coating does not affect the flexural tensile and compressive strength of the analyzed composites. Moreover, the type of aggregate used in the coating does not have a significant impact on the measured properties of polymer-cementitious composites. Economic analysis was performed in order to estimate the cost of the natural and RFAs used in epoxy resin coatings. The calculations show that a higher amount of RFA should be used to increase savings.
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Chuang, Eugene Y., and Franz-Josef Ulm. "Two-Phase Composite Model for High Performance Cementitious Composites." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 128, no. 12 (December 2002): 1314–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2002)128:12(1314).
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Gonzalez-Libreros, Jaime, Tommaso D'Antino, and Carlo Pellegrino. "Experimental Behavior of Glass-FRCM Composites Applied onto Masonry and Concrete Substrates." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.390.
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The use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites has become a popular solution for retrofitting and strengthening of existing concrete and masonry structures. However, some drawbacks of this technique, mainly associated with the use of organic resins, have been reported. To overcome such drawbacks, the development of composite materials in which the organic resins are replaced with inorganic matrices has recently caught the attention of the civil engineering industry. Among these newly developed systems, Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composites, which are comprised of high strength fibers embedded within an inorganic matrix, have shown promising results. However, research on this topic is still limited and important aspects, such as the bond behavior between the composite and the substrate, are not fully understood and require further study. This paper presents the results of an experimental campaign aimed at investigating the influence of the type of matrix and substrate on the bond behavior of FRCM composites. Glass-FRCM composite strips were applied onto concrete and masonry substrates and then tested by means of a classical push-pull single-lap direct-shear test set-up. A cementitious and a lime-based matrix were employed to apply the same type of fiber on concrete and masonry substrates, respectively. FRCM-concrete and FRCM-masonry joints reported the same failure mode. However, higher values of the peak load were obtained for the lime-based glass-FRCM composite applied onto masonry substrates than with the cementitious glass-FRCM composite applied onto concrete substrates.
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Li, Hao, and Yongmin Shi. "High-Strength, Waterproof, Corrosion-Resistant Nano-Silica Carbon Nanotube Cementitious Composites." Materials 13, no. 17 (August 24, 2020): 3737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173737.
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This study aims to prepare a nano-silica-carbon nanotube (NS-CNT) elastic composite using NS (nano-silica), CNTs (carbon nanotube), and (D3F) trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane. The results show that the activated NS could promote the hydrolysis of D3F. Polymerization products of nano-silica and D3F are uniformly adhered onto the surfaces of CNTs, thereby forming a NS-CNT composite. The composite is composed of irregular ellipsoids of 3–12 μm in length and 2–10 μm in diameter. The activated NS-CNT composite material effectively promotes the further hydration of (CaOH)2 in the cement to form hydrated calcium silicate, and further dehydration–condensation between the surface hydroxyl group of the composite material and the inherent hydroxyl group of (CaOH)2. The cementitious composite-based composites containing the activated NS-CNT exhibit high mechanical strengths, high water resistances, and good durability and corrosion resistance. The chemical characterizations reveal the morphology, nucleation mode of the composite, and its influence on the hydration structure and products of cementitious composite.
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da Silva, Leandro J., Tulio H. Panzera, Luciano MG Vieira, Jaime G. Duduch, Christopher R. Bowen, and Juan C. Campos Rubio. "Carbon nanotubes and superplasticizer reinforcing cementitious composite for aerostatic porous bearing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 231, no. 11 (March 7, 2017): 1397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650117696388.
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Cementitious composites are low cost and readily manufactured materials which can be used for specialist applications such as the production of aerostatic porous bearings. A design of experiment was used to identify the effects of superplasticizer additions and carbon nanotube inclusions on the physical and mechanical properties of cementitious composites which can be applied as porous restrictor in aerostatic thrust bearings. The presence of carbon nanotubes was able to increase the bulk density, the compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity, and also decrease the apparent porosity of the composites. The composite made with 0.4 wt.% of superplasticizer and 0.05 wt.% of carbon nanotubes achieved acceptable properties for the use as double-layered porous restrictor in aerostatic thrust bearings.
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Kim, Yun-Yong, Jeong-Su Kim, Gee-Joo Ha, and Jin-Keun Kim. "Development of an ECC(Engineered Cementitious Composite) Designed with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag." Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2006): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/jkci.2006.18.1.021.
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Pourfalah, Saeed, and Demetrios M. Cotsovos. "Enhancing the out-of-plane behaviour of unreinforced masonry walls under impact loading through the use of partially bonded layers of engineered cementitious composite." International Journal of Protective Structures 11, no. 2 (August 4, 2019): 209–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041419619866457.
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Published experimental work reveals that the out-of-plane behaviour of unreinforced masonry walls under impact loading can be significantly enhanced through the use of engineered cementitious composite layers fully bonded to the surface of the masonry. The disadvantage of this method is associated with the localised cracking exhibited by the engineered cementitious composite layer close to the joints forming between bricks. This cracking is associated with the bond developing between the masonry and the engineered cementitious composite layer and does not allow the latter layer to achieve its full potential, thus resulting in its premature failure. In an attempt to address this problem, a series of drop-weight tests were carried on masonry prismatic specimens strengthened with a layer of engineered cementitious composite partially bonded to the surface of the masonry acting in tension. The latter prismatic specimens consist of a stack of bricks connected with mortar joints. The specimens are considered to provide a simplistic representation of a vertical strip of a masonry wall subjected to out-of-plane actions associated with impact or blast loading. Analysis of the test data reveals that under impact loading, the specimens retrofitted with partially bonded engineered cementitious composite layers can exhibit a more ductile performance compared to that exhibited by the same specimens when strengthened with fully bonded layers of engineered cementitious composite. This is attributed to the fact that along its unbonded length, the engineered cementitious composite layer is subjected to purely uniaxial tension (free from any interaction with the surface of the masonry), allowing for the development of multiple uniformly distributed fine cracks.
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Dong, Bingqing, Cong Lu, Jinlong Pan, Qifeng Shan, and Wanyun Yin. "Mechanical behavior of a novel precast beam-to-column connection with U-shaped bars and engineered cementitious composites." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 13 (March 6, 2018): 1963–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218761139.
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This article investigates a novel precast connection, with U-shaped bars extending from precast column to connect with the longitudinal bars in precast beams. To improve the seismic behavior of the connection, engineered cementitious composites, one kind of highly ductile concrete, were introduced into the core area of the connection, which also act as the cast-in-place material in the beam top and end. Prior to the test, finite element modeling was conducted to determine the proper splice length between U-shaped bars and beam reinforcements and also to evaluate the bonding performance of the proposed connection. The experimental program was then carried out on a monolithic connection, a precast connection with normal concrete as well as a precast connection with engineered cementitious composite, after which the seismic behaviors of the connections including their failure mode, hysteresis characteristic, stiffness degradation, ductility, and energy dissipation were analyzed. All three types of connections underwent typical flexural failure where the joint area remained intact. The negative carrying capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation were slightly lower for the connection with concrete, while the connection with engineered cementitious composite exhibited satisfactory behavior comparable to monolithic specimens. The latter connection with engineered cementitious composite is therefore suggested to be applied in highly seismic region.
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Abbas, Al-Ghazali Noor, Farah Nora Aznieta Abdul Aziz, Khalina Abdan, Noor Azline Mohd Nasir, and Mohd Nurazzi Norizan. "Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Fibers 10, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib10010003.
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Increased environmental awareness and the demand for sustainable materials have promoted the use of more renewable and eco-friendly resources like natural fibre as reinforcement in the building industry. Among various types of natural fibres, kenaf has been widely planted in the past few years, however, it hasn’t been extensively used as a construction material. Kenaf bast fibre is a high tensile strength fibre, lightweight and cost-effective, offering a potential alternative for reinforcement in construction applications. To encourage its use, it’s essential to understand how kenaf fibre’s properties affect the performance of cement-based composites. Hence, the effects of KF on the properties of cementitious composites in the fresh and hardened states have been discussed. The current state-of-art of Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Cement Composite (KFRCC) and its different applications are presented for the reader to explore. This review confirmed the improvement of tensile and flexural strengths of cementitious composites with the inclusion of the appropriate content and length of kenaf fibres. However, more studies are necessary to understand the overall impact of kenaf fibres on the compressive strength and durability properties of cementitious composites.
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Jašek, Marek, and Jiri Brozovsky. "Numerical Investigation of Reinforcing a Masonry Column with Fiber Reinforced Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite." Advanced Materials Research 1122 (August 2015): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1122.269.
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Fiber reinforced strain hardening cementitious composite is very deformable fine-grained concrete with the matrix based on Portland cement reinforced with short fibers. This composite material represents a new generation of high performance concrete (HPC) and it is also known as flexible concrete. Its characteristic property is that after reaching the strength when the first crack appears "hardening" of the material occurs, i.e. increases the stress and at the same time increases the strain until the ultimate strength of the material is achieved. One of the possibilities is the use of composites in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of buildings. The paper deals with the numerical assessment of the possibility of using fiber reinforced strain hardening cementitious composite during the reinforcement of an axially loaded brick column.
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Zhang, Lei, Zhi Wang, Li Ying Fan, and Guo Pu Shi. "Effect of Kaolin on the Properties of Flue Gas Desulphurization Gypsum-Steel Slag Cementitious Materials." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1553.
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The effects of kaolin on the properties of flue gas desulphurization gypsum-based steel slag composites were analyzed in this article and the influence rules of setting time, final setting time on the flexural strength and compressive strength of cementitious composites were also discussed. The micro-morphology of the composite was observed by scanning electron microscope. At the same time, the excitation mechanism of kaolin on gas desulphurization gypsum-based steel slag was put forward. It was demonstrated that kaolin with content of 3% in the composites can better stimulate the activity of steel slag and improve the mechanical properties of cementitious composites.
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Hrbek, Vladimír, Veronika Petráňová, and Jiří Němeček. "Enhancing Engineered Cementitious Composite by External and Internal Hydrophobization." Key Engineering Materials 677 (January 2016): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.677.57.
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Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are characterized with increased ductility and strain hardening due to its internal structure design. ECC is especially useful for applications where common steel reinforced concrete is not applicable and the structural members undergo large strains or dynamic action. Such conditions are often combined with environmental effects where structures are partly or fully immersed in water possibly containing some harmful substances such as chloride or sulfuric ions. To maintain sufficient durability of the composite it is necessary to decrease its water absorbability. One of the very efficient ways to do this is to use external or internal hydrophobization of the composite as shown in this paper.
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Zhou, Xiang Ming, Reza Madanipour, and Seyed Ghaffar. "Impact Properties of Hemp Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.163.
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The construction industry has seen an incredibly fast increase in utilizing natural fibres for making low-cost building materials to achieve sustainable construction. One of such applications is natural fibre-reinforced cementitious materials for either structural or non-structural purpose. Impact properties are engineering properties received increasing attentions from engineering community for structural materials. This research therefore studies impact resistance of hemp fibre reinforced cementitious composites at early ages. Hemp fibre with various lengths, 10 mm and 20 mm, are utilized to reinforce cementitious materials. Hemp fibre reinforced cementitious composite slabs were tested under repeating dropping mass till failure at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days. Cracking behaviour, impact resistance, absorbed impact energy and survived impact blows upon failure are qualitatively/quantitatively analysed. It has been found that 20 mm-long hemp fibre reinforcement leads to higher impact resistance, more absorbed impact energy and survived more impact blows upon failure. Cementitious composite slabs reinforced by 20 mm-long hemp fibres exhibit higher impact crack resistance ratio than those reinforced by 10 mm-long fibres. Longer fibres are more effective in inhibiting the growth of micro-cracks and blunting the propagation of micro-cracks before they join up to form macro cracks leading to ultimate failure.
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Halamová, Romana, Dalibor Kocáb, Barbara Kucharczyková, Petr Misák, and Martin Alexa. "Influence of the Poisson’s Ratio on the Value of the Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Cement Materials in the Early Stage of Ageing." Solid State Phenomena 292 (June 2019): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.292.50.
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The paper deals with the influence of the Poisson’s ratio on the calculated modulus of elasticity of a cementitious composite in the early stage of its ageing. The dynamic modulus of elasticity was determined in the first 24 hours of ageing of the material using the Vikasonic ultrasonic device. Within the experiment, two types of cementitious composites were mixed - cement paste and cement mortar, both having the same water/cement ratio. It is presumed that the value of the dynamic modulus of elasticity calculated on the basis of ultrasonic measurement is closely related to the value of the Poisson’s ratio, which is not constant during ageing of the cementitious composite but varies depending on the degree of hydration of the material. The output of the paper is a comparison of the development of the dynamic modulus of elasticity calculated using different values of the Poisson’s ratio.
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Moranville-Regourd, M. "New Cementitious Systems and Composite Materials." Key Engineering Materials 206-213 (December 2001): 1841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.206-213.1841.
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Singh, S. B., and Pankaj Munjal. "Engineered cementitious composite and its applications." Materials Today: Proceedings 32 (2020): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.743.
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Mu, Bin, Zongjin Li, Stanley N. C. Chui, and Jun Peng. "Cementitious composite manufactured by extrusion technique." Cement and Concrete Research 29, no. 2 (February 1999): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(98)00097-0.
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Gao, Ying Li, and Ling Cheng. "Study on CO2 Sequestration Property of Cement Based Composite Cementitious Materials Containing Steel Slag Used in Road." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1949–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1949.
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Cement based composite cementitious material containing steel slag used in road has been prepared to deal with the current situation that the transportation carbon emission increased year by year. In this material, 40% cement has been replaced by equivalent steel slag, which has the ability of CO2sequestration. This paper studied the CO2sequestration effect and the mechanical properties of the pure cement, the pure steel slag, and the cement based composite cementitious materials containing steel slag. It has been shown that the cement based composite cementitious materials containing steel slag have excellent CO2sequestration property. The mass fraction growth rate of carbon reached 10.86% after 1 hour carbonation experiment, the value between which of pure cement and pure steel slag, and the compressive strength of the composite cementitious materials at 28-day age can reach 45.3MPa, meeting the requirements of road.
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Chen, Lin, Jun Cai, Bao Quan Li, and Xin Yan Zhang. "Study on Treatment Processes and Basic Performance of Steel Slag-Rice Husk Ash Complex Cementitious Material." Key Engineering Materials 599 (February 2014): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.599.346.
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In this paper, a novel composite cementitious material was prepared by using steel slag and rice husk ash. The appreciate treatment processes of composite cementitious material prepared were investigated. At same time its basic performance of cement mortar, such as water demand ratio, setting time, soundness and strength were also investigated and discussed. Experimental results show that the cementitious materials prepared has good basic properties with appreciate treatment processes. It concluded that the properly treated steel slag and rice husk ash can be used to prepare cementitious material.
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Liu, Shuhua, Qiaoling Li, and Xinyi Zhao. "Hydration Kinetics of Composite Cementitious Materials Containing Copper Tailing Powder and Graphene Oxide." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 2499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122499.
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The hydration heat evolution curves of composite cementitious materials containing copper tailing powder (CT) and graphene oxide (GO) with different contents are measured and analyzed in this paper. The hydration rate and total hydration heat of the composite cementitious materials decrease with the increase of CT dosage, but improve with the increase of CT fineness and GO dosage. The hydration process of the cementitious systems undergoes three periods, namely nucleation and crystal growth (NG), phase boundary reaction (I), and diffusion (D), which can be simulated well using the Krstulovic–Dabic model. The hydration rates of the three controlling processes of the composite cementitious system decrease with the increase of CT content, but improve slightly with the increase of CT fineness. GO enhances the controlling effect of the NG process of the cementitious systems with or without CT, thus promotes the early hydration as a whole.
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Armoosh, Salam R., and Meral Oltulu. "Self-heating of electrically conductive metal-cementitious composites." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 15 (July 13, 2019): 2234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19862373.
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Given the increasing demand for higher performance and economic gains in cement composite products, the self-heating performance of cement composites is becoming ever more assorted and progressive. This study investigates the effects of metal materials on self-heating of cement composites. Cementitious composite cubes containing up to 20% of metal materials were tested to improve their conductivity and hence investigate their performance in terms of electrical resistance heating. The metals that were studied were copper, iron, and brass shavings. The test variables were types of metals and input voltage. The tests showed that the presence of metal components improved cementitious cubes’ conductivity, and hence, they transferred heat. In addition, the tests showed that the heating temperature changed with the type of metal and input voltage. Analysis of energy consumption, heating rate and maximum surface temperatures was performed to evaluate the possibility of using metal materials as low-cost heating elements in large-scale heating systems.
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Zhang, Jun, Zhenbo Wang, Qing Wang, and Yuan Gao. "Simulation and test of flexural performance of polyvinyl alcohol-steel hybrid fiber reinforced cementitious composite." Journal of Composite Materials 50, no. 30 (July 28, 2016): 4291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316636206.
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The flexural performance of polyvinyl alcohol-steel hybrid fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite with characteristics of low drying shrinkage special focus on impacts of steel fiber content and matrix strength has been investigated in both experimental and theoretical aspects in this paper. Four matrix types with water to binder ratio of 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55 and three additional steel fiber contents in the composite with polyvinyl alcohol fiber content of 1.7% in volume were used in the test program. The experimental results show that cracking and flexural strength of the composites are increased with the addition of steel fiber. This enhancement becomes more and more pronounced with decreasing of water to binder ratio of the composites. Meanwhile, fracture mechanics-based flexural model is used to simulate the flexure performance of the polyvinyl alcohol -steel hybrid fiber reinforced engineered cementitious composite with characteristics of low drying shrinkage. The model results show that a double peak load is expected of the composites under bending load. The first peak is controlled by the fracture toughness of matrix or cracking strength of matrix, and the second peak is governed by the fiber bridging. The effect of addition of steel fiber in engineered cementitious composite with characteristics of low drying shrinkage on the first peak is unapparent. The impact of steel fiber on the second peak is significant. This enhancement of additional steel fiber gradually decreases with the decrease of water to binder ratio of the matrix, which coincides well with the experimental findings. The test results are compared to the model and reasonable agreement is found.
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Painter, T. Trevor, Emily Schwab, Nicole MacCrate, Alexander S. Brand, and Eric Jacques. "Bioinspired cementitious-polymer composite for increased energy absorption." MATEC Web of Conferences 349 (2021): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134901012.
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Preliminary results are presented on the energy absorbing characteristics of a cementitious-polymer architecture bioinspired by the organic-inorganic composite structure of nacre. The proposed bioinspired architecture consists of an open cell, platelet-shaped 3D-printed thermoplastic lattice filled with high performance cementitious paste. The hypothesis is that, similar to nacre, the platelet arrangement and differences in mechanical properties of the thermoplastic lattice and cementitious platelets would result in increased energy absorption. Initial laboratory scale investigations were performed using notched beam samples subjected to static three-point bending. Stereo-digital image correlation was used to track global strain displacement field and Hillerborg’s method was used to estimate the total fracture energy. The results indicate that this “brick-and-mortar” hierarchy can increase the energy absorbing capacity of the composite by upwards of 2490% compared with the benchmark cementitious specimen. The load-deformation behaviour and total fracture energy of the bioinspired composite were found to be influenced by the platelet arrangement and size and the lattice thickness.
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Kim, Yun-Yong, Jeong-Su Kim, Hee-Sin Kim, Gee-Joo Ha, and Jin-Keun Kim. "Mechanical Properties of an ECC(Engineered Cementitious Composite) Designed Based on Micromechanical Principle." Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 17, no. 5 (October 1, 2005): 709–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/jkci.2005.17.5.709.
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La Tegola, Antonio, and Walter Mera. "Composite Materials with Natural Fiber NFRC on Inorganic Matrix for Seismic Reinforcement of Masonry Structures." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.385.
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Composite materials with carbon, aramidic, glass and lately basalt fibers with a polymeric or cementitious matrix FRP or FRC, are frequently used for the seismic reinforcement of masonry buildings. The fibers of such composites are synthetic, and they have high mechanical characteristics. However, their cost is very expensive and do not belong to the eco compatible products. Moreover, for the making of these fibers an elevated amount of energy is needed for reaching the temperature relative to the production process.An alternative to the use of such fibers may be recurring to natural eco compatible fibers for which the cost is much lower, and they do not need a special processing. Using such fibers in an inorganic cementitious matrix, an improvement of the mortar or of the plaster quality is obtained, giving to them also an adequate ductility.In order to make the composite material, short fibers immersed in the cementitious mortar are used; the composite material can be represented using the acronym NFRC (Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite).Among the different types of fibers that can be used, there is the short fibers derivate from the bamboo plant that are available under the form of yarns or threads.The scope of this paper consists in the definition of the optimal volumetric ratio for the NFRC composite, and the length of the fiber compatible with the workability and the resulting mechanical characteristic.
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Lim, Kwang-Mo, Seong-Yeon Yun, and Joo-Ha Lee. "Electrical Conductivity of Cementitious Composites Mixed with Carbon-Based Nanomaterials Used as a Construction Material." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.6.1.
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Carbon-based nanomaterials are used in various industrial fields because of their excellent performance. In construction, cementitious composites containing carbon-based materials have the potential to be used for various purposes such as crack detection and deicing. However, carbon-based materials have been experienced difficulties that cannot be easily dispersed in the cementitious composite because of the inherent material characteristic. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of using these carbon-based nanomaterials as construction materials. The structural and electrical performances of cementitious composites were investigated based on carbon-based materials such as Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT), Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT), Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP), Conductive Graphite Powder (CGP). In addition, the microstructural analysis was performed through the noncovalent functionalization of carbon-based nanomaterials to examine the dispersibility.