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Journal articles on the topic 'Cementitious hydrates'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 20 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Singh, Amit. "WASTE GLASS A SUPPLEMENTARY CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL IN CEMENT PRODUCTION." International Journal of Technical Research & Science 8, no. 12 (2023): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.30780/ijtrs.v08.i12.001.

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Glass is a material that is made from natural resources such as sand (Silica). All around the world annually million tons of waste glass is being generated. Waste glass is disposed as landfills, that does not decompose in the environment as it is non-biodegradable. When waste glass is grounded to micro size particles then it is expected to undergo pozzolanic reactions with cement hydrates, forming secondary Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C–S–H). In this research paper about waste glass and its properties were discussed. And its usage as supplementary cementitious material and environmental impact w

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2

Awan, Muhammad Maqbool Sadiq, Parviz Soroushian, Arshad Ali, and Muhammad Yousaf Saqid Awan. "High-Performance Cementitious Matrix using Carbon Nanofibers." Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v2i1.5989.

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Graphite nanomaterials would realize their reinforcement potential within cement-based materials when they are thoroughly dispersed and effectively bonded to cement hydrates. Thorough dispersion of graphite nanomaterials in the fresh cementitious matrix encounters challenges associated with the hydrophobic nature of nanomaterial surfaces and their strong tendency towards agglomeration via attractive van der Waals forces. Effective interfacial interactions with cement hydrates are further challenged by the relatively inert nature of nanomaterial surfaces. An experimental program was conducted w

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3

Al-Fakih, Amin, Ali Odeh, Mohammed Abdul Azeez Mahamood, Madyan A. Al-Shugaa, Mohammed A. Al-Osta, and Shamsad Ahmad. "Review of the Properties of Sustainable Cementitious Systems Incorporating Ceramic Waste." Buildings 13, no. 8 (2023): 2105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082105.

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Global carbon dioxide emissions can be attributed to Portland cement production; thus, an alternative cementitious system is essential to reduce cement demand. Ceramic waste powder (CWP), which contains high proportions of silica and alumina, has emerged as a promising alternative because of its chemical composition. This review discusses the potential of CWP as an alternative cementitious system and its effects on the physical, mechanical, and durability properties of cementitious systems. The findings revealed that the utilization of CWP in cementitious systems has positive effects on their

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4

Isaacs, Matthew, Steve Lange, Antoni E. Milodowski, Dirk Bosbach, David Read, and Guido Deissmann. "Retardation of Chlorine-36 by Cementitious Materials Relevant to the Disposal of Radioactive Wastes." Minerals 14, no. 10 (2024): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14101017.

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The activation product chlorine-36 (36Cl) is an important radionuclide within the context of the disposal of nuclear wastes, due to its long half-life and environmental mobility. Its behaviour in a range of potential cementitious encapsulants and backfill materials was studied by evaluating its uptake by pure cement hydration phases and hardened cement pastes (HCP). Limited uptake of chloride was observed on calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) by electrostatic sorption and by calcium monosulphoferroaluminate hydrate (AFm) phases, due to anion exchange/solid solution formation. Diffusion of 36Cl

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5

Zhu, Zheyu, Zhongping Wang, Yue Zhou, Yuting Chen, and Kai Wu. "Identification of Chemical Bonds and Microstructure of Hydrated Tricalcium Silicate (C3S) by a Coupled Micro-Raman/BSE-EDS Evaluation." Materials 14, no. 18 (2021): 5144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185144.

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Identifying the phase evolution and revealing the chemical bonds of hydrated cements accurately is crucial to regulate the performance of cementitious materials. In this paper, a coupled Raman/BSE-EDS analysis was proposed to determine the chemical bonds of tricalcium silicate hydrates and the interface transition zone (ITZ) between inner C-S-H and anhydrates. The results show that the Raman/BSE-EDS method can accurately identify the chemical bonds of inner C-S-H and inner ITZ regions, which confirms the mixed structure of inner C-S-H and nano calcium hydroxide (CH). The inner ITZ shows a latt

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6

Yoon, In-Seok. "Chloride Transport Parameters of Carbonated Concrete." Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering 10, no. 3 (2025): 123–30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20251003.13.

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Many concrete structures suffer from corrosion of reinforcing steel due to chloride penetration and carbonation, and it is common for both deteriorations to progress simultaneously. Carbonation of concrete significantly changes the properties of concrete, so that cement hydrates is decomposed and the microstructure is also changed. The chloride penetration of carbonated concrete is bound to be significantly different compared to non-carbonated concrete. For this reason, chloride penetration parameters of carbonated cementitious materials were examined in this paper, i.e., (a) surface chloride

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7

Takahashi, Keisuke, and Mari Kobayashi. "Utilization of Cement and Concrete for Deep Sea Infrastructure." ce/papers 6, no. 6 (2023): 1291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2996.

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AbstractThe use of cementitious materials in deep sea environments, focusing on the durability challenges of low‐temperature seawater and hydraulic pressure, are presented in this paper. The authors conducted laboratory and deep‐sea field experiments, thermodynamic calculation, and evaluated the performance of different types of binders in deep sea conditions. Durability of rebar in cementitious materials was investigated. In situ construction methods using cementitious materials was demonstrated on the deep‐sea field. Testing results revealed that deep sea conditions, especially low‐temperatu

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8

Oproiu, Carmen-Lidia, Georgeta Voicu, Alina Bădănoiu, and Adrian-Ionuţ Nicoară. "The Solidification/Stabilization of Wastewater (From a Landfill Leachate) in Specially Designed Binders Based on Coal Ash." Materials 14, no. 19 (2021): 5610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195610.

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The aim of this study is to assess the possibility to solidify/stabilize a liquid waste from a municipal waste landfill using binders based on coal ash (fly ash and bottom ash) and specially designed cements for waste treatment (INERCEM). The leaching test proved that all cementitious systems are efficient for the solidification/stabilization of the studied wastes and can reduce the leaching potential of heavy metals present in both liquid waste and coal ash. Therefore, these wastes cease to be a source of environmental pollution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal complex analysis (DTA-TG) w

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9

Lee, Heeyoung, Jongkyeong Seong, and Wonseok Chung. "Correlation Analysis of Heat Curing and Compressive Strength of Carbon Nanotube–Cement Mortar Composites at Sub-Zero Temperatures." Crystals 11, no. 10 (2021): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101182.

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Concrete curing under sub-zero temperatures causes various problems, such as initial cracking and a decrease in mechanical strength. This study investigated the effect of sub-zero ambient temperature and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) content on the heat and strength characteristics of heat-cured MWCNT cementitious composites. The experimental parameters were the application of heat curing, MWCNT content, use of an insulation box to achieve a closed system, and ambient temperature. The results showed that the internal temperature change of the MWCNT cementitious composite increased with

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10

Renaudin, Guillaume, Adel Mesbah, Belay Dilnesa, Michel Francois, and Barbara Lothenbach. "Crystal Chemistry of Iron Containing Cementitious AFm Layered Hydrates." Current Inorganic Chemistry 5, no. 3 (2015): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1877944105666150420235831.

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11

Xu, Yue, Jian Xi Li, and Li Li Kan. "Investigation on a New Hydraulic Cementitious Binder Made from Phosphogypsum." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1923.

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A new kind of high strength cementitious material is made from phosphogypsum (PG), active carbon and fly-ash. Through the orthogonal research, it was showed that the calcination temperature, retention time, dosage of active carbon and fly ash on the compressive strength of cementitious binder are the most important. The result also showed that, in the conditions of temperature 1200°C, time retention 30 min, dosage of active carbon 10%, dosage of fly ash 5%, the compressive strength of the cementitious material for 3d and 28d could reach to 46.35MPa and 92.70MPa, the content of sulfur trioxide

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12

Trochez, Jenny Johanna, Janneth Torres Agredo, and Ruby Mejía de Gutiérrez. "Study of hydration of cement pastes added with used catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC) from a colombian refinery." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, no. 55 (February 28, 2013): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.14678.

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This paper analyzes the effect of the incorporation of industrial waste from an oil refinery in Colombia, known as used catalytic cracking catalyst (FCC), in the hydration process of cementitious pastes. For this purpose, ordinary Portland cement pastes (OPC) added in percentages of 10 and 20% of FCC were prepared. The pozzolanic reactivity of the material and type of hydration products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG / DTG). Additionally, the heat of hydration released was determined based on the standard ASTM C186. The results indicate that the h

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13

Bernard, Ellina. "Research progress on magnesium silicate hydrate phases and future opportunities." RILEM Technical Letters 7 (September 1, 2022): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2022.162.

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This short letter summaries the latest research on the structure and thermodynamic modelling of the magnesium silicate hydrates (M-S-H) phases. M-S-H structure is comparable to hydrated clays, with a smaller and rounder microstructures compared to clay platelets. Similar to clay minerals, M-S-H can incorporate ions such as aluminium and hydrated exchangeable cations to compensate the negative surface charge. This fundamental understanding of M-S-H structure allowed to develop structure-based thermodynamic models, which can further help to optimise the conditions for M-S-H formation and its use

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14

Kaminskas, Rimvydas, and Brigita Savickaite. "Expanded Clay Production Waste as Supplementary Cementitious Material." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (2023): 11850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151511850.

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Global warming stands as one of the most significant challenges facing our planet, primarily due to the substantial emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Among the major contributors to these emissions is the cement industry, which ranks as one of the largest sources of CO2 pollutants. To address this issue, a potential solution involves partially substituting cement with alternative materials, particularly waste generated by other industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the opportunity of using an industrial waste which originates from the cleaning of flue gas in the

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15

Cui, Lei. "Incorporation of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC): Effects on Mechanical Properties." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.436.

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Due to the outstanding mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered to offer the probability to enhance the properties of high-performance cementitious composites，and to reduce ecological cost of construction materials. Recent work in the area of concrete materials research has shown the potentiality of improving concrete properties by adjusting the mic-structure of cement hydrates, addition of nanotubes and controlling the delivery of admixtures. In this study, the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were effectively dispersed in the water solution by applying ultrasonic ener

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16

Pyeon, Sujeong, Gyuyong Kim, Gyeongcheol Choe, et al. "Compressive-Strength Analysis of High-Strength Cementitious Composites Mixed with Red and Green Pigments." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (2022): 7667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157667.

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We estimate the mechanical properties of pigment-containing ultra-high-strength cement composites (UHSCCs) and the pigment-induced changes in their physical properties via thermal and X-ray diffraction analyses. Hydrates in samples are analyzed using thermogravimetry. Additionally, the change in color expression with the UHSCC age is examined via the Commission Internationale de l’ Éclairage L*a*b* analysis. Correlation analysis is performed to determine linear relationships between experimental factors by calculating R2. A change in hydrate expression is confirmed as the strength increases wi

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17

Hlobil, Michal. "Microstructure-Based Evolution of Compressive Strength of Blended Mortars: A Continuum Micromechanics Approach." Advanced Materials Research 1144 (March 2017): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1144.121.

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The evolution of stiffness and strength belong to the most important properties of mortars. Motivated by an increasing demand for clinker substitution by supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), this paper presents a multiscale model for prediction of elastic stiffness and compressive strength of blended mortars. Mortars are envisioned as hierarchically organized materials with microstructural phases spanning several orders of magnitude. On the scale of hundreds of nanometers, "CSH foam" consists of amorphous calcium silicate hydrates mixed with capillary pores which on the scale of hundre

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18

Fu, Cheng Hong, Wen Ni, Hui Wu, and De Zhong Li. "Hydrates and Paste Structure of Slag-Fly Ash Based Cementitious Materials." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.557.

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Cascade grinding mode is often applied to prepare Slag-Fly Ash Based cementitious materials with high volume of fly ash and slag and less cement clinker. This process has low water requirement and well fluidity, which is suitable to prepare HPC．When the W/C is 0.36, the 28d compressive strength is 58.93 Mpa, 28d flexural strength is 14.26 Mpa. By X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis the results show that main materials in grinded sample are well activated by mechanical force and chemical action; more Aft are produced and observed in 3 days hydration

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19

Fu, Cheng Hong, Wen Ni, Hui Wu, and De Zhong Li. "Hydrates and Paste Structure of Slag-Fly Ash Based Cementitious Materials." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.450-451.557.

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20

Sun, Li, Hou Tian Zhang, and Da Xing Qian. "Research on Performance of Concrete Made with Mineral Fillers and Fly Ash Admixed Desulphurization Gypsum." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.934.

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In order to improve the performance of concrete, reasonably use industrial waste and realize the sustainable development target of economy and environment, mineral admixtures have been widely used in concrete. But, widely using mineral admixtures reduces the overall performance of concrete, the reason is that the mineral admixtures dilutes the SO3 content in cementitious material, restricts generating the hydrates in the later concrete. If also add industrial by-products desulphurization gypsum in concrete, the added desulphurization gypsum as admixture not only improves the SO3 content in con

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21

Dai, Lei, and Xiao Xuan Deng. "The Relationship between Calcium Hydroxide Concentration in Pore Solution and the Strength of Stabilized Soils." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.19.

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Under the same cement content, the stabilized soils, made of the soils with similar physical properties, may be significant difference in the strength. In this research, three groups of soils were selected, and the soils in each group are similar in physical properties. Strength and ions concentration in pore solution of the stabilized soils were investigated. The result reveals that calcium hydroxide (CH) concentration in pore solution of the stabilized soils might not reach to saturation due to soil consuming Ca2+and thus cause calcium silicate hydrates gels (C-S-H) and calcium aluminates hy

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22

Ioannidou, Katerina, Konrad J. Krakowiak, Mathieu Bauchy, et al. "Mesoscale texture of cement hydrates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 8 (2016): 2029–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520487113.

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Strength and other mechanical properties of cement and concrete rely upon the formation of calcium–silicate–hydrates (C–S–H) during cement hydration. Controlling structure and properties of the C–S–H phase is a challenge, due to the complexity of this hydration product and of the mechanisms that drive its precipitation from the ionic solution upon dissolution of cement grains in water. Departing from traditional models mostly focused on length scales above the micrometer, recent research addressed the molecular structure of C–S–H. However, small-angle neutron scattering, electron-microscopy im

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23

Deng, Xiao Xuan, Lei Dai, and Xin Huang. "Effect of Stabilizer and Molding Technics in Chemical Engineering on the Stabilization of Sulfate Rich Soil." Advanced Materials Research 577 (October 2012): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.577.65.

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In chemical engineering field, ettringite (AFt) formation effect the stabilization of sulfate rich soil mixed with cementitious materials. The different stabilizer compositions and twice molding technics may avoid and repair the destruction caused by AFt with decreasing the production rate of calcium silicate hydrates(C-S-H) and eliminating the void in stabilized soils. The results show that the strength of stabilized 5% sodium sulfate bearing soils, under above methods, are not less than that of the control ones, and the specimens keep steady after soaking in 5% sodium sulfate solution for 12

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24

Sadegh, Ghavami, and Rajabi Mehrdad. "Investigating the Influence of the Combination of Cement Kiln Dust and Fly Ash on Compaction and Strength Characteristics of High-Plasticity Clays." Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application 5, no. 1 (2021): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.22034/jcema.2020.250727.1040.

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An experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of cement kiln dust (CKD) and fly ash (FA) on compaction and strength characteristics of the high-plasticity clay obtained from a forest road in North of Iran.  Accordingly, the soil was mixed with 15% CKD by dry weight the soil, and a partial replacement of the CKD with 10, 20, and 30% FA was applied to produce mixtures. The unconfined compressive strength tests were performed on specimens after a curing time 7 and 28 days. Also, the microstructures of untreated and treated specimens were examined using a scanning electron micro

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25

Ferreira, Walkíria Pederiva, Bacus de Oliveira Nahime, Michell Macedo Alves, and Philippe Barbosa Silva. "Ecological cement: replacement of sugarcane bagasse ash derived from the sugar and alcohol industry." Concilium 24, no. 1 (2024): 12–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-2673-24a02.

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Untreated sugarcane bagasse ash (CBCA) from two plants was investigated as a partial replacement for Portland cement (CP) with the aim of reducing environmental problems arising from clinker production by evaluating the feasibility of use as a supplementary cementitious material with pozzolanic reactivity. Mortars and pastes were produced with replacement rates of 25%, 30% and 35% of CBCA, with cures of 7, 14, 28, 90 and 180 days. The mortars were characterized in a fresh state through workability testing and in a hardened state through mechanical performance through compression and flexural t

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26

García Calvo, J. L., P. Carballosa, I. Padilla, R. Jarabo, M. Romero, and A. López-Delgado. "Use of industrial waste-based zeolites in the fabrication of cementitious materials." Materiales de Construcción 74, no. 356 (2025): e358. https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2024.390024.

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Two types of zeolites, coming from the total conversion of hazardous aluminum waste, have been considered in this study: NaP-type zeolite and LTA-type zeolite. Both zeolites are proposed to be used in cementitious mortars by substituting cement content in 5, 10 and 15%. The microstructure of both zeolites was characterized and they have certain interesting characteristics to be used as supplementary cementitious materials. The main fresh state characteristics and the mechanical performance of the fabricated mortars were also evaluated. The lower particle size of LTA-type zeolite promotes a fil

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27

Balopoulos, Victor D., Nikolaos Archontas, and Stavroula J. Pantazopoulou. "Model of the Mechanical Behavior of Cementitious Matrices Reinforced with Nanomaterials." Journal of Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7329540.

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CNTs and CNFs have been introduced as a nanoscale reinforcing material to cementitious composites, for stiffening and strengthening the microstructure. This technology is motivated by the need to control crack initiation in the cementitious gel before it propagates into visible crack formations. Experimental evidence supports this concept; however, testing at the nanoscale may only be conducted through nanoindentation, which has a limited range only providing localized results that cannot be extrapolated to general stress states. To evaluate the restraining action of nanomaterials in the gel m

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28

Geng, Zian, Yu Zhang, Yiwen Zhou, Jiapeng Duan, and Zhuqing Yu. "Effect of Nano-SiO2 on the Hydration, Microstructure, and Mechanical Performances of Solid Waste-Based Cementitious Materials." Materials 18, no. 11 (2025): 2636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18112636.

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Solid waste-based cementitious materials (SWBC) are composed of steel slag (SS), granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS), fly ash (FA), desulfurization gypsum (DG), and Portland cement (PC). Currently, SWBC holds great potential as a sustainable building material; however, its low early compressive strength and volume expansion limit its range of application. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to enhance the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of SWBC by adding nano-SiO2, while also improving its resistance to chloride ions, thereby promoting its use in the field of sustai

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29

ANZAI, Masaki, Tatsuhiko SAEKI, and Tsuyoshi SAITO. "ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECT OF HYDRATES ON MASS TRANSFER IN HARDENED CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL." Cement Science and Concrete Technology 74, no. 1 (2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14250/cement.74.67.

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30

Ahn, Ji Whan, Kwang Suk You, Gi Chun Han, and Kye Hong Cho. "Stabilization Behavior of Heavy Metals Derived from Wastes on Cementitious Minerals and Hydrates." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.630.

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In this paper, the application of wastes as raw materials to cementitious mineral was investigated. A rolling slag, which contains plenty of heavy metals, was used as a raw material to synthesize calcium sulfoaluminate. It was found that the suitable burning temperature of CSA clinker is between 1,250°C and 1,300°C, and the residual content of heavy metals in the CSA clinker turned out sequentially as Cu, Zn, Cr, and Pb. According to the results of the investigation, it is believed that a large amount of the Cu, Zn and Cr present in the raw materials were fixed in the CSA clinker formed during

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Deng, Wei, Pingfeng Fu, Guiwen Fang, et al. "Solidification/Stabilization of MSWI Fly Ash Using a Novel Metallurgical Slag-Based Cementitious Material." Minerals 12, no. 5 (2022): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050599.

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Four industrial wastes, i.e., blast furnace slag, steel slag, desulfurization ash, and phosphoric acid sludge, were used to prepare a low-carbon binder, metallurgical slag-based cementitious material (MSCM). The feasibility of solidification/stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ashes by MSCM were evaluated, and the immobilization mechanisms of heavy metals were proposed. The MSCM paste achieved 28-day strength of 35.2 MPa, showing its high-hydration reactivity. While the fly ash content was as high as 80 wt.%, the 28-day strength of MSCM-fly ash blocks reached 2.2 MPa

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Yang, Zhijie, De Zhang, Chengyang Fang, et al. "Hydration Mechanisms of Alkali-Activated Cementitious Materials with Ternary Solid Waste Composition." Materials 15, no. 10 (2022): 3616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15103616.

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Considering the recent eco-friendly and efficient utilization of three kinds of solid waste, including calcium silicate slag (CSS), fly ash (FA), and blast-furnace slag (BFS), alkali-activated cementitious composite materials using these three waste products were prepared with varying content of sodium silicate solution. The hydration mechanisms of the cementitious materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results show that the composite is a binary cementitious system composed of

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33

Lin, Yonghui, Dongqiang Xu, and Xianhui Zhao. "Effect of Soda Residue Addition and Its Chemical Composition on Physical Properties and Hydration Products of Soda Residue-Activated Slag Cementitious Materials." Materials 13, no. 7 (2020): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071789.

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Soda residue (SR), the solid waste of Na2CO3 produced by ammonia soda process, pollutes water and soil, increasing environmental pressure. SR has high alkalinity, and its main components are Ca(OH)2, NaCl, CaCl2, CaSO4, and CaCO3, which accords with the requirements of being an alkali activator. The aim of this research is to investigate the best proportion of SR addition and the contribution of individual chemical components in SR to SR- activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) cementitious materials. In this paper, GGBS pastes activated by SR, Ca(OH)2, Ca(OH)2 + NaCl, Ca(OH)2 +

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34

Manzano, H., J. S. Dolado, A. Guerrero, and A. Ayuela. "Mechanical properties of crystalline calcium-silicate-hydrates: comparison with cementitious C-S-H gels." physica status solidi (a) 204, no. 6 (2007): 1775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200675359.

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Brevet, Haris, Rose-Marie Dheilly, Nicolas Montrelay, Koffi Justin Houessou, Emmanuel Petit, and Adeline Goullieux. "Effects of Flaxseed Mucilage Admixture on Ordinary Portland Cement Fresh and Hardened States." Applied Sciences 14, no. 9 (2024): 3862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14093862.

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France is Europe’s leading producer of flaxseed. This seed is rich in omega-3, energy, and protein for animals, but it also contains anti-nutritional factors such as mucilage. Thus, mucilage must be removed and could be used as a bio-admixture in cementitious materials development, reducing the environmental impact of cementitious materials. This study aims to valorize the usage of flaxseed mucilage (FM) in ordinary Portland cement. FM caused macroscopic and microscopic changes in the materials studied. The higher the concentration, the greater the changes were. The admixed samples showed an e

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Yoneyama, Akira, Heesup Choi, Masumi Inoue, Jihoon Kim, Myungkwan Lim, and Yuhji Sudoh. "Effect of a Nitrite/Nitrate-Based Accelerator on the Strength Development and Hydrate Formation in Cold-Weather Cementitious Materials." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14041006.

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Recently, there has been increased use of calcium-nitrite and calcium-nitrate as the main components of chloride- and alkali-free anti-freezing agents to promote concrete hydration in cold weather concreting. As the amount of nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators increases, the hydration of tricalcium aluminate (C3A phase) and tricalcium silicate (C3S phase) in cement is accelerated, thereby improving the early strength of cement and effectively preventing initial frost damage. Nitrite/nitrate-based accelerators are used in larger amounts than usual in low temperature areas below −10 °C. However,

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Kobayashi, Yutaro, and Tsutomu Sato. "Mineralogical Evolution of High-pH/Low-pH Cement Pastes in Contact with Seawater." Minerals 14, no. 3 (2024): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14030285.

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In facilities for the geological disposal of radioactive waste in coastal areas, the long-term alteration of cementitious materials in engineered barriers is expected to occur due to the ingress of groundwater derived from seawater. Although the reaction between cement and seawater has been studied, the alteration behavior caused by the reaction between seawater and low-pH cement, which is expected to be used in a disposal facility, has not yet been clarified. In this study, the effects of cement type on cement–seawater interactions were investigated, and the chemical stability and mineral evo

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Althoey, Fadi, and Yaghoob Farnam. "Reducing Damage Due to Chemical Reactions in Concrete Exposed to Sodium Chloride: Quantification of a Deleterious Chemical Phase Change Formation." MATEC Web of Conferences 271 (2019): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927107004.

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It has been shown that sodium chloride can react with the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and its hydrates, leading to a formation of a deleterious chemical phase change during thermal cycling. It is believed that this chemical phase change is implicated in the premature deterioration of concrete pavements in the cold regions. This work examines the potential formation of the deleterious chemical phase change in several cementitious pastes made using different types of portland cement and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The amount of the chemical phase change was quantified using a low

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Arend, Johannes, Alexander Wetzel, and Bernhard Middendorf. "Fluorescence Microscopy of Superplasticizers in Cementitious Systems: Applications and Challenges." Materials 13, no. 17 (2020): 3733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173733.

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In addition to the desired plasticizing effect, superplasticizers used in high and ultra-high performance concretes (UHPC) influence the chemical system of the pastes and for example retardation of the cement hydration occurs. Thus, superplasticizers have to be chosen wisely for every material composition and application. To investigate the essential adsorption of these polymers to particle surfaces in-situ to overcome several practical challenges of superplasticizer research, fluorescence microscopy is useful. In order to make the superplasticizer polymers visible for this microscopic approac

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Homayoonmehr, Reza, Ali Akbar Ramezanianpour, Faramarz Moodi, Amir Mohammad Ramezanianpour, and Juan Pablo Gevaudan. "A Review on the Effect of Metakaolin on the Chloride Binding of Concrete, Mortar, and Paste Specimens." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (2022): 15022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215022.

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Chloride binding is a complex phenomenon in which the chloride ions bind with hydrated Portland cement (PC) phases via physical and chemical mechanisms. However, the current utilization of clays as (Al)-rich supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as metakaolin (MK), can affect the chloride-binding capacity of these concrete materials. This state-of-the-art review discusses the effect of clay-based SCMs on physical and chemical chloride binding with an emphasis on MK as a high-reactivity clay-based SCM. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms playing a role in physical and chemical bin

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Reiterman, Pavel, Ondřej Holčapek, Ondřej Zobal, and Martin Keppert. "Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Cement Screed with Various Supplementary Cementitious Materials." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 58, no. 1 (2019): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2019-0006.

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Abstract This paper describes a study of the effect of partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) by various mineral additives in the screed mixtures. Ceramic powder, blast furnace slag and fly ash were gradually employed in increments of 12.5 wt.% up to 50 wt.% to replace OPC. The mixtures were designed to a constant consistency. The influence of mineral additives was evaluated in terms of the air content in the fresh mixtures, the compressive strength, the flexural strength and the freeze-thaw resistance and using non-destructive measurements after 28 and 90 days. The accompanied

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Kim, Hayeon, and H. M. Son. "Effects of Air Entrainment on Bacterial Viability in Cement Paste." Materials 15, no. 6 (2022): 2163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062163.

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This study investigated the effect of air entrainment (AE) on bacterial viability in cementitious materials. Specimens were fabricated with Portland cement, urea, calcium lactate, and ureolytic bacteria, and with varying amounts of an AE agent. Specimens with different amounts of the AE agent were fabricated, and then a compressive strength test, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry were used to investigate the mechanical properties, viability of bacteria, and hydrates of the specimens. The highest compressive strength was achieved by the specimen wit

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Kaminskas, Rimvydas, Brigita Savickaite, and Anatolijus Eisinas. "Hydrothermally Treated Cement Bypass Dust as a Supplementary Cementitious Material." Sustainability 17, no. 15 (2025): 6757. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156757.

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In this study, the possibility of using cement bypass dust as a cement additive was investigated. The utilization of cement bypass dust remains a major problem in cement production, as huge amounts of it are stored in landfills. In this study, a hydrothermal treatment is proposed to modify the properties of this dust and to expand its use. Hydrothermal treatment with pure bypass dust and quartz was carried out to achieve a CaO/SiO2 ratio of 1 to 2. Samples were synthesized at 200 °C for 2, 4, 8, and 24 h. To examine the influence of the hydrothermal treatment on cement properties, a sample wit

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Cho, Byoung Hooi. "Exploring the Potential of Sr2+ for Improving the Post-Hardening Strength and Durability Characteristics of Cement Paste Composites." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051841.

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This study investigates the effects of strontium ions on enhancing the post-hardening strength and durability characteristics of hydrated cement composites, exploring their potential use as a rehabilitation method for aging concrete structures. A 30% strontium nitrate solution served as the source of strontium ions. Cement paste specimens with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.5, cured for 28 days, were submerged in the 30% strontium nitrate solution to facilitate strontium ion penetration. Compressive and flexural strength tests were conducted on the specimens and compared to those cured in deioni

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Tang, Kangwei, Feng Zeng, Liang Shi, Long Zhu, Zining Chen, and Feng Zhang. "Mechanical Behavior of Hydrated-Lime–Liquid-Stabilizer-Treated Granular Lateritic Soils." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065601.

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Granular lateritic soil is commonly used for road construction in humid tropical and subtropical regions. However, the high plastic clay content and poor particle distribution of some laterite materials make them unsuitable for bases and subbases. Lime treatment is a widely used method for improving problematic lateritic soil, and liquid ionic stabilizers are considered an environmentally friendly solution for reinforcing such soils. However, using only lime or only stabilizers may not be optimal. This study investigated the effect of treating granular lateritic soil with hydrated lime and a n

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Marsiske, Maximilian R., Christian Debus, Fulvio Di Lorenzo, Ellina Bernard, Sergey V. Churakov, and Cristina Ruiz-Agudo. "Immobilization of (Aqueous) Cations in Low pH M-S-H Cement." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 2968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11072968.

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Incorporation of heavy metal ions in cement hydrates is of great interest for the storage and immobilization of toxic, hazardous, and radioactive wastes using cementitious matrix. Magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) is a low pH alternative cementitious binder to commonly used Portland cement. Low pH cements have been considered as promising matrix for municipal and nuclear waste immobilization in the last decades. It is however crucial to assure that the incorporation of secondary ions is not detrimental for the formation of the hydration products. Herein, we investigate the early stages of for

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Galan, Isabel, Lukas Briendl, Maria Thumann, et al. "Filler Effect in Shotcrete." Materials 12, no. 19 (2019): 3221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193221.

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The effects of fine limestone powder on the early hydration of cementitious systems accelerated by means of alkali-free aluminum sulfate based products, commonly used for shotcrete applications, were investigated in the course of laboratory and real scale tests. In binary (CEM I + limestone) and ternary (CEM I + limestone + slag) systems the addition of fine limestone led to an enhancement of the hydration degree and strength development at early times (<24 h). The formation of ettringite, aluminate hydrates, and C–S–H is affected by the joint action of the setting accelerator and the fine

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Achara, B. E. Sholadoye I. O. Adeosun K.D. "Deformation Behaviors of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) modified with Nano-silica (NS)." Journal of Materials Engineering, Structures and Computation 2, no. 3 (2023): 62–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8302148.

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he effects of adding nano-silica (NS) and polyvinyl alcohol fibre (PVA) on drying shrinkage, Poisson's ratio, and elastic modulus of NS-modified self-consolidating engineered cementitious composite (NS-modified SC-ECC) are investigated in this work. The NS-modified self-consolidating ECC mixes were developed using the two variables, that is, NS particles (0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%) and PVA fiber (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%). However, to ensure each mix complies with the self-consolidating requirements, a high-range water reducer (HRWR) was utilized to guarantee the self-consolidating qualities of

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Wang, Qing, Zhao Yang Ding, J. Zhang, L. G. Qiu, and Zhi Tong Sui. "Study on Slag-Based Geopolymer Hydration Process." Key Engineering Materials 477 (April 2011): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.477.67.

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As environment-friendly or green cement, the geopolymer cementitious material has high early age strength, good volume stability and durability. In this paper, the mechanical properties of geopolymer hydrates at different hydrating ages were studied by changing the oxide content of raw material. The results showed that the chemical-combined water kept increasing as hydrating age prolonged, and reached the maximum at n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=3.9, n(H2O)/n(SiO2)=2.3 and n(Na2O)/n(Al2O3)=0.6. With the development of hydration, the pH value of geopolymer paste showed fluctuated: pH value kept increased at

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El Bitouri, Youssef. "The Effect of Temperature on the Structural Build-Up of Cement Pastes." CivilEng 4, no. 4 (2023): 1198–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng4040066.

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The structural build-up of cementitious materials is the subject of more and more attention since it conditions several processes such as formwork pressure and multi-layer casting. However, this phenomenon originating from flocculation and chemical changes is complex and its reversibility is not clearly elucidated. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of temperature on the reversibility of structural build-up. The results show that irreversible structural build-up remains negligible despite a rise in temperature. It represents between 0.5–7.3% of the total structural build-up. The ad

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