Academic literature on the topic 'Census, 1898'
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Journal articles on the topic "Census, 1898"
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O'Brien, Anthony Patrick. "Factory size, economies of scale, and the great merger wave of 1898–1902." Journal of Economic History 48, no. 3 (1988): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700005866.
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Analysis of census data reveals that the size of the average factory in the United States grew more rapidly during the 1870s and 1880s than during any subsequent decade through the 1920s. While the average factory doubled in size between 1869 and 1889, it increased by only about a quarter between 1899 and 1929. These results support the view that the reaping of economies of scale was not an important motive for the great merger wave.
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Estévez Hernández, Pablo. "El censo de 1950 en Guinea Española: la raza como categoría de recuento (la otredad absoluta en cuestión) / The 1950 census of Spanish Guinea: race as an enumerative category (absolute otherness in question)." Kamchatka. Revista de análisis cultural., no. 10 (December 29, 2017): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/kam.10.9912.
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Resumen: Al cambiar la disposición geopolítica tras 1898, España intenta articular un africanismo que permita justificar y valorar su presencia en las pocas colonias que le quedan en África. Este africanismo representaba una estrategia política que ofrecía una versión humanista de sus intereses en estas colonias, en principio sólo estratégico. El caso de Guinea ofrece una historia donde esta recreación tuvo reveses particulares, al no poder consolidar un origen racial que se pudiera poner en común. Pero, mientras fue cambiando el estatus de la colonia y al adquirir ésta nueva significación económica, la estrategia cambia y es capaz de disolver las anteriormente rígidas diferencias raciales dispuestas en documentos estadísticos. Este ensayo sigue los discursos que desde la antropología y las fuentes gubernamentales se dieron con respecto a la identidad indígena guineana, y a cómo fueron mutando las categorías para dar validez al sentido colonial: desde una categoría negativa y bajo el estereotipo de la “baja disposición al trabajo” a convertirse en seres asimilables y útiles para el propósito de la Nación. Igualmente, se pone énfasis en la confección de un censo colonial (1950) y su retroalimentación con los discursos antropológicos para poder captar la incisiva incursión colonial-administrativa y la re-presentación española en el terreno geopolítico.
Palabras clave: Guinea Española, censo, raza, africanismo.
Abstract: As the geopolitical disposition changed in 1898, Spain tried to articulate its Africanism as to justify and value its presence in the colonies left in Africa. This Africanism represented a political strategy that gave a humanist version of its own interests in the colonies. The case of Spanish Guinea brings up a story where this recreation have particular setbacks, as it was difficult to put together a common racial background. But, as the colony changed its status and economic significance, the strategy also changed, making it possible to dissolve the prior, rigid, racial differences deployed in statistic documents. This essay follows the discourses made from anthropology and governmental archives on indigenous Guinean identity, and studies how categories were mutating categories as to accept the colonial role of the Nation: from negative categories based on stereotypes of low profile for labor to assimilation and usefulness. The paper in centered on the confection of a colonial census (1950) and its feedback with anthropological discourses as to capture the colonial-administrative incursion and the representation of the Spanish in the geopolitical arena.
Key words: Spanish Guinea, census, race, Africanism.
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Nachum, Iris. "Heinrich Rauchberg (1860–1938): A Reappraisal of a Central European Demographer's Life and Work." Austrian History Yearbook 50 (April 2019): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237818000619.
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In the small, idyllic German Evangelical Cemeteryin Prague-Strašnice, a simple tombstone stands in the back row of graves, dedicated to the memory of “Dr. Heinrich Rauchberg, Professor at the German University in Prague, 1860–1938” and his wife Freia (1874–1939) (see Figures 1 and 2). When the Viennese-born demographer passed away, he left behind him an impressive professional career in the Habsburg monarchy and later in Czechoslovakia: he published a massive body of professional studies in population statistics and was an important figure at the German University in Prague, where he founded the Institute of Political Science in 1898 and served as dean of the Faculty of Law (1902–3, 1916–17, and 1926–27) and as university rector (1911–12). Outside the academic realm, Rauchberg was also involved in a broad range of activities. In 1890, for instance, he headed the Austrian census, in which the Hollerith electric counting machine was employed for the first time in Europe; Franz Kafka, his student in 1905, would later craft a literary monument to Rauchberg, the machine expert, in the short story “In the Penal Colony.” Especially after the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918, Rauchberg became a familiar figure among the local German minority, particularly because of his radio broadcasts on legal questions; his frequent articles in the German-speaking press on current issues; his numerous public lectures on social topics; his tireless engagement with housing assistance, tenant protection, and social insurance; and his involvement in the German League of Nations Union in the Czechoslovak Republic, which he cofounded in 1922. In short, he was a scholar very much in the public eye.
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Roldán, Diego P. "Inventarios del deseo. Los censos municipales de Rosario, Argentina (1889-1910): Municipal census of Rosario, Argentina (1889-1910)." História (São Paulo) 32, no. 1 (2013): 327–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-90742013000100018.
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Este artículo propone una aproximación a los censos municipales de Rosario, considerando la estadística como un género de escritura y el proceso de formación histórica de la promoción y proto-marketing urbano. Se estudia la producción y circulación de censos de la provincia de Santa Fe y la ciudad de Rosario desde 1887 hasta 1910. La primera parte del trabajo se concentra en el proceso de difusión del primer censo provincial de Santa Fe en Francia, durante la exposición universal de 1889. Luego se reconstruyen las distintas tentativas de construir oficinas municipales de estadísticas en la ciudad de rosario, movilizadas por la trayectoria del censo de 1887, las crisis sanitarias y los preparativos del censo nacional de 1895. El centro del trabajo considera los censos municipales de rosario de 1900, 1906 y 1910 procurando pasar del problema de la recolección-captación al de la fabricación invención de los datos y de la representatividad al de la performatividad de la estadística como proceso de producción social de saberes y del censo como artefacto cultural.
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Chowdhury, Probal Roy. "Community Profile of Primary Education in Madras Presidency in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries: Part II: 1885–1935." Indian Historical Review 46, no. 1 (2019): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0376983617747993.
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In the second part of this article, we discuss the changing community profile of boys studying in primary schools in Madras Presidency during the period 1885–1935. From the annual reports of the Department of Public Instruction in Madras Presidency (RDPI), we compile the community profile of boys under instruction in the Presidency of Madras for the years 1889–90, 1895–96, 1899–1900, 1905–06, 1920–21 and 1934–35, and compare these trends with the community profile of boys studying under the indigenous education system in ca. 1825 and also under the governmental education system during the nineteenth century. Since the reports of the DPI provide us only with the aggregate data on the levels of enrolment of Vaisyas and Sudras as also of the Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs), a nuanced understanding of the educational deprivations suffered by various communities can be arrived at only from the Census data on literacy. For this purpose, we also present a detailed analysis of the data on the literacy of selected communities as reported in the Census of 1921.
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Baldoz, Rick. "THE RACIAL VECTORS OF EMPIRE." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 5, no. 1 (2008): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x08080089.
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AbstractThis paper examines the role of racial ideology in shaping U.S. colonial policy in the Philippines during the early years of American rule in the islands c. 1898–1905. The first section of the essay focuses on congressional debates between pro- and anti-imperialist lawmakers regarding the annexation and governance of the Philippines. The imperialist lobby advocated a paternalistic racial ideology to advance their case for American annexation, citing “the White man's burden” to civilize Filipinos as their rationale for colonizing the islands. The anti-imperialists, on the other hand, employed an ideology of aversive racism to oppose the incorporation of the Philippines, suggesting that annexation would unleash a flood of Filipino immigrants into the United States, thus creating a “race problem” for White citizens. Frequent unfavorable comparisons with Blacks, Chinese, and “Indians” were employed to produce racial knowledge about Filipinos who were unfamiliar to most Americans. This knowledge served as the basis for excluding Filipinos from American citizenship on racial grounds. The second section of the article traces the implementation of an institutionalized racial order in the Philippines, examining a series of population surveys conducted by colonial officials during the first years of American rule. These surveys employed American-style racial classifications that ranked and evaluated the various races and “tribes” that were identified in the islands. This project culminated in the first official census of the islands in 1905, which formally institutionalized racial categories as an organizing principle of Philippine society.
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Johnson, James Elton. "Henrietta Crawford: Radical Black Evangelist in Post-Civil War New Jersey." New Jersey Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 7, no. 1 (2021): 70–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/njs.v7i1.225.
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Representing Black feminisms of the so-called, “First Wave era of American feminism,” forgotten icon Henrietta Crawford impacted Black political representation in southern New Jersey during the post-Civil War decades. As a noted evangelist, universal suffragist, Black community organizer, Civil Rights activist, homemaker, and intergenerational caregiver for minor dependents, Crawford crafted an intersectional legacy worthy of commemorative re-remembrance. Collectively, scattered bits and pieces of information recorded over the past eighty years in newspapers and in recent scholarly accounts offer an incoherent combination of disparate hints at Henrietta’s historical significance. Buttressed, however, by historical insight, contemporary newspaper accounts, Civil War pension file records, real estate deed transactions, federal and state census records, vital statistics data, the evidentiary record sheds light on Crawford’s important role in the operation of historically significant Mt. Pisgah [U.A.M.E.] Church in Vineland and her associated development and implementation of important social justice initiatives. In 1948, a fifty-year commemorative notation about James and Henrietta Crawford’s 1898 departure from Vineland was published in the Daily Journal newspaper. Twenty-five years later “New Jersey Mother of the Year Award” recipient Rebecca Lassiter noted the Crawfords' important role in her life as foster parents. In year seventy-three since the Daily Journal’s acknowledgement, this essay conveys Henrietta Crawford’s legacy to students, scholars, and the general readership for current and future generations. As the present confluence of national political and economic crises resolves within an encapsulating global pandemic that is exacerbating socio-economic inequalities, Crawford’s life and record offers a critical example of faith-based social-justice activism and the seamless role of African American women in American history.
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Smith, K. J. "The 1891 census on microfiche." Journal of the Society of Archivists 13, no. 1 (1992): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00379819209511666.
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Zagidullin, Ildus K. "Specifics of the First General Population Census of 1897 in Menzelinsk District of Ufa Province." Historical Ethnology 6, no. 1 (2021): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/he.2021-6-1.106-119.
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The study of the First general population census in October 1896 – January 1897 years in Menzelinsk District of Ufa Province – “in the inner outskirts” – is relevant in several aspects: 1) it allows considering the effectiveness of the instructions for organizing and conducting statistical operations developed by the Chief Census Commission, which were compiled with the focus on the Russian majority of the country; 2) there is an opportunity to observe the social behavior of local authorities, facing the need to organize and conduct a statistical event within a very short time; 3) can trace the reaction of the local population to this state statistical event. The reports and journals of the provincial and district census commissions preserved in the fund of the Central Statistical Committee at the Ministry of Internal Affairs served as the source of the given article. The publication highlights a number of omissions allowed by the center in preparation of the normative legal documentation of the census; it also discusses the formation of census and enumeration areas in the country, recruiting of census enumerators and translators, providers the confessional composition of the heads of census areas and clarifies the role of the county census commission and mullahs in conducting explanatory work among Muslims, the protest reasons and forms are specified and the course of the census with the involvement of military teams in Muslim settlements is presented in details.
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Bryukhanova, Elena Aleksandrovna, Natalia Vladimirovna Nezhentseva, Oksana Ivanovna Chekryzhova, and Dmitrii Nikolaevich Ivanov. "A Database Built on the First 1897 Russian Empire Population Census Data: Structure and Analysis." Историческая информатика, no. 1 (January 2020): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7797.2020.1.32387.
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The article presents the potential use of primary materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire taken in 1897 for historical studies. Emphasis is laid on the composition and the structure of 1897 census materials, the database architecture as well as the technique to study nominative sources and compare aggregated and personal data. In the first part of the article the authors provide an overview of publications that contain information on the safety of 1897 census papers in Siberia. The second part of the article describes the creation and the structure of the database covering the primary materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire taken in 1897. The third part of the article presents the main approaches to the analysis of the census data. When developing the database, the authors sought to cover the information of all census paper forms at most and preserve internal ties between them (counting sheets – “oblozhki” - census papers). Particular attention is paid to the development of an intuitive interface for all forms of data entry corresponding to census paper forms. The database mainly covers the census information for 8 cities of Tobolskaya Guberniya. The research novelty is the application of a new technique to identify personal data and analyze the census material structure which can be traced in the architecture of the 1897 census database.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Census, 1898"
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Panchón, Hidalgo Marian. "Traducción, censura y recepción de la literatura surrealista francesa en España (1959-1975)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20083.
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Ce travail a pour objectif d’analyser la traduction, la censure et la réception de six œuvres des écrivains surréalistes Louis Aragon et André Breton en Espagne pendant le second franquisme (1959-1975). La traduction des livres d’Aragon et de Breton en Espagne peut être perçue comme un des signes de l’ouverture de la société espagnole qui s’amorce dans les années 60, vers la fin du franquisme, et qui annonce la fin de ce régime autoritaire et la transition démocratique du pays. À son échelle, elle prend place parmi d’autres manifestations de cette ouverture : l’essor du tourisme qui met la société espagnole en contact avec des cultures politiques et des styles de vie différents, une tolérance plus grande vis-à-vis de la religion, une plus grande liberté des mœurs, le pluralisme politique, l’influence du marxisme, etc.Les ouvrages de notre corpus, que le régime considère comme dangereux, ont été critiqués et censurés par l’appareil censorial de cette dernière étape de la dictature, même si finalement les publications ont pu voir le jour dans ce pays. Avant d’examiner les dossiers de censure de ces textes à l’Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) à Alcalá de Henares, nous avons d’abord cherché des informations sur les maisons d’édition et les traducteurs intéressés par la publication de ces auteurs, accusés d’être dissidents et marxistes par la dictature. Nous avons ensuite réalisé une minutieuse analyse des textes afin de comparer le texte original au texte cible en établissant si une autocensure préalable a eu lieu. Nous avons également consacré une partie de notre thèse à l’étude des erreursThis doctoral thesis aims to analyze the translation, censorship and reception of six literary works of the surrealist writers Louis Aragon and André Breton in Spain during the period of Second Francoism (1959-1975). The translation of Aragon’s and Breton’s books in Spain can be perceived as one of the signs of the opening of Spanish society that begins in the ‘60s, around the end of Francoism, and announces the end of this authoritarian regime and the democratic transition of the country. In its own way, this translation occurs alongside other manifestations of this openness: the rise of tourism that puts Spanish society in contact with varied political cultures and with different lifestyles, greater tolerance regarding religion, greater freedom from traditional moral norms, political pluralism, the influence of Marxism, etc.The books of our corpus, that the regime considered dangerous, had been criticized and censored by the dictatorship’s entire censor apparatus during this late period even as these publications were finally being read in Spain. Before examining the censorship files of these texts at the Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) in Alcalá de Henares, we firstly looked for information about the publishing houses and translators interested in the publication of the authors accused of being dissidents and Marxists by the dictatorship.We then conducted a meticulous analysis of the texts in order to compare the original text to the target text and determine if any previous self-censorship was done by translators or publishing houses.We dedicated a part of our thesis to the study of translation mistakes: inadequacies that affect the source text’s comprehension (omission, false sense, inconsistency, nonsense, not the same sense, addition, suppression, poorly resolved extralinguistic/cultural reference), inadequacies that affect the target language expression (orthography and punctuation, grammar, lexical, textual aspects and writing) and pragmatic inadequacies (the chosen method and the textual genre and its conventions, etc.). We have also examined the reception of these works in the ABC conservative newspaper as well as in the Triunfo progressive literary magazine in order to observe the reception of these publications in Spain during this transitional period
Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la traducción, censura y recepción de seis obras de los escritores surrealistas Louis Aragon y André Breton en España durante el segundo franquismo (1959-1975).Las traducciones de los libros de Aragon y de Breton en España pueden percibirse como uno de los signos de la apertura de la sociedad española que se inicia en los años sesenta, hacia el final del franquismo, y que anuncia el fin de este régimen autoritario y la transición democrática del país. La traducción de estos autores puede inscribirse dentro de otras manifestaciones características de dicha apertura: el auge del turismo, que pone en contacto a la sociedad española con otras culturas políticas y con estilos de vida diferentes, una mayor tolerancia relativa a la religión, una mayor libertad de costumbres, un pluralismo político, la influencia del marxismo, etc. Las publicaciones de nuestro corpus, que el régimen tildó de peligrosas, fueron criticadas y censuradas por el aparato censor, aunque finalmente estos textos pudieron ver la luz en España durante esta última etapa de la dictadura. Antes de examinar los expedientes de censura de estos libros en el Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) en Alcalá de Henares, hemos buscando primero información sobre las editoriales y los traductores interesados en publicar a estos escritores, acusados de ser disidentes y marxistas por la dictadura. Además, hemos realizado un minucioso análisis con el fin de comparar el texto original con el texto meta para así saber si existió una autocensura previa. También hemos dedicado una parte de nuestra tesis al estudio de los errores de traducción: las inadecuaciones que afectan a la comprensión del texto original (omisión, falso sentido, contrasentido, sin sentido, no el mismo sentido, adición, supresión, referencia extranlingüística/cultural mal resuelta e inadecuación de variación lingüística),las inadecuaciones que afectan la expresión en la lengua de llegada (ortografía y puntuación, gramática, léxico, aspectos textuales y redacción) y las inadecuaciones pragmáticas (el método elegido y el género textual y sus convenciones, etc.). Asimismo, hemos examinado la recepción de estas obras en el periódico conservador ABC y en la revista literaria progresista Triunfo con el objetivo de observar la recepción de estas publicaciones en España durante este período de cambio
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Vidal, Coy José Luis. "El círculo cerrado. Cobertura informativa de los conflictos internacionales de Estados Unidos en un siglo (1898-1991): Poder político y censura." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10902.
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Las relaciones entre los poderes político-militares y los medios de comunicación en Estados Unidos han cambiado a la misma velocidad vertiginosa a la que, durante el siglo XX, evolucionaron las técnicas y las coberturas informativas. La censura militar se inició en la Guerra de Secesión de Estados Unidos (1861-1865), pero después el círculo de control se abrió desde la Guerra entre España y Estados Undos en Cuba y Puerto Rico (1895-1898), hasta la Guerra del Golfo contra Irak (1991) y los ataques terroristas del 11-S (2001). Lo que empezó como un asunto abierto en la Guerra de Cuba la práctica inexistencia de censura evolucionó sinuosamente a través de las relaciones del establishment político-militar de Estados Unidos y sus medios de comunicación. Más adelante en el siglo XX, pasó de la aparición de la propaganda en la Primera Guerra Mundial a la simbiosis casi total entre medios y estblishment político-militar en la Segunda conflagración mundial. Después, siguió la evolución con las primeras divisiones registrada al final de la II Guerra Mundial y en el conflicto de Corea, resultando en el enfrentamiento total entre los medios de comunicación y el establishment político-militar a raíz de la guerra de Vietnam, para terminar en el nuevo cierre del círculo con el control casi total de los medios impuesto por el Pentágono en la Guerra del Golfo contra Irak de 1991.The relationship in between the political and military powers and the mass media in the United States has changed as quickly as during the 20th Century evolved the techniques and the press coverage of events. The military censorship began during the Secession War in the United States (1861-1865). Later on the control circle was well wide open since the Spanish-American War in Cuba and Puerto Rico(1895-1898) until it was steadely locked in the Gulf War (1991) and the aftermath of the terrorist attacks against the Trade World Center and the Pentagon (9/11/2001). What started as an open subject in the Spanish-American War, the non-existent censorship evolved sinuousely through the relations of the U.S.A. political and military powers with its own mass media. From that point, It went from the rise of propaganda in the first World War to the whole symbiosis registered in the Second World War. Further on the evolution followed whith the first recorded divisions at the end of that same World War and during the military conflict in Corea aswell, originating a permanent quarrel between the media and the military and political establishments due to the Vietnam War coverage, and ending in the new closure of the circle with the nearly total control imposed by the Pentagon on the media from the very begining of the 1991 Gulf War against Irak.
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Iglesias, Mira Antonio. "Ricard Salvat en Portugal: Brecht, Castelao e a sua época e censura." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458764.
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Durante o curso académico de 1968/69, o grupo de teatro universitario Circulo de Iniciação Teatral da Academia de Coimbra (CITAC) contrata como director artístico ao catalán Ricard Salvat. Este era unha figura destacada polo seu traballo coa Escola de Arte Dramàtica Adrià Gual (EADAG) e pola súa vertente como profesor e ensaísta, así como polo seu coñecemento das teses teatrais de Bertolt Brecht. Salvat é contratado para realizar un traballo pedagóxico, cun curso de libre inscrición de historia do teatro, e un traballo artístico, coa preparación de dous espectáculos co CITAC. O primeiro destes espectáculos, titulado Brecht + Brecht, aborda as teses brechtianas dun modo práctico ao tempo que reflexiona sobre acontecementos históricos como o crack da bolsa de 1929, sendo acollido polo público con grande interese. O segundo espectáculo estaba destinado a ser unha ambiciosa montaxe, relacionada co teatro épico e o teatro documento e con colaboradores estranxeiros do nome de Luís Seoane ou Isaac Díaz Pardo e a colaboración de músicos como José Niza. Este proxecto, titulado Castelao e a sua época (CSE), pretendía ser un diálogo entre culturas ibéricas centrado na figura de Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao, político e artista galego. O texto dramático do espectáculo estaba formado por máis de 140 textos autónomos. Eses textos son de autores, entre outros, como Rosalía de Castro, Joan Maragall, Federico García Lorca, Almada Negreiros ou André Bretón, pertencentes a diferentes campos culturais destacando a presenza portuguesa, galega e catalá.
Infelizmente para o traballo de Salvat, o curso 1968/69 sería lembrado en Coímbra pola Crise Académica de 1969, onde os estudantes se enfrontaron ás autoridades universitarias nun dos desafíos máis famosos á ditadura portuguesa. A policía do Estado Novo, Policia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado (PIDE), nun ataque contra o movemento estudantil, prende e expulsa a Salvat do país o que, sumado á anterior negativa de autorización para a representación de CSE que fora levada polos servizos de censura, fixeron con que o traballo deste segundo espectáculo se perdese. Despois do acontecido, a memoria de CSE foise perdendo co tempo.
Con esta investigación tentamos recuperar, case 50 anos despois da suposta estrea de CSE, o traballo de Salvat en Coimbra, polo que abordamos un estudo do seu curso de teatro, das principais teses teatrais que impulsaban a súa actividade artística en 1969 e presentamos unha edición crítica e comentada do texto dramático de CSE, até o de agora inédito, partindo dos materiais de traballo do grupo e da versión enviada á censura para a súa avaliación. Estudamos tamén as marcas que a censura deixou sobre ese texto así como outros materiais da PIDE sobre director e identificamos as consecuencias artísticas e culturais que dese proxecto falido naceron.During the 1968/69 academic year, the university theatre group Circulo de Iniciação Teatral da Academia de Coimbra (CITAC) hired the Catalan playwright Ricard Salval as artistic director. He was well-known for his work at the Escola de Arte Dramática Adrià Gual (EADAG), and for his activities as a teacher and essayist. Salvat was hired to teach a free registration course on the history of theatre and coordinate two shows at CITAC. The first show, Brecht+Brecht, represented the most serious approach to Brechtian theses made in Portugal until then, and was therefore received by the public with great interest. The second show, Castelao e a súa época (CSE), was conceived as a grand performance combining epic theatre and documentary theatre, and encouraging an Iberian cultural dialogue on the figure of the Galician artist and politician, with the help of artists such as Luís Seoane, Isaac Díaz Pardo and Jose Niza. This drama was composed of 142 autonomous texts written by authors from various literary fields such as Rosalía de Castro, Federico García Lorca, Joan Maragall, Almada Negreiros and André Breton. Unfortunately, the preparation and premiere of this show coincided with a moment of special tension in Portugal known as the 1969 academic crisis. Thus, in an attack on the academic movement, the autorities of the Estado Novo (New State) banned the performance and Ricard Salvat was expelled from the country. Later, the memory of the project was gradually lost. Our research has recovered Salvat’s work in Coimbra, nearly fifty years after the intended premiere of CSE. We have studied his theatre course and the main characteristics of his artistic activity in 1969. Here, we provide a critical and commented edition of the dramatic text of CSE, unpublished until now, based on the materials of the group and on the version delivered to censors for evaluation. We have also examined the marks of censorship in the text and other materials collected by the Portuguese International and State Defense Police (PIDE) about the group director. Lastly, we have identified the artistic and cultural consequences arising from this unsuccessful project.
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Azevedo, Reis E. de. "The spatial demography of Portugal in the late nineteenth century : Evidences from the 1864 and 1878 censuses." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378859.
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Silva, Silvia Cristina Martins de Souza e. "As noites do ginasio : teatro e tensões culturais na corte (1832-1868)." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280978.
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Orientador: Sidney ChalhoubTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Doutor em História
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Allen, Mark Andrew. "A railway revolution? : a census-based analysis of the economic, social and topographical effects of the coming of the railway upon the city of Winchester c.1830-c.1890." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550225.
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The census enumerators' books (CEBs) of Winchester between 1841 and 1891 are the focus of this thesis. They are examined, in association with other records like trade directories, share contracts and visual evidence of photographs, maps and plans, to track aspects of the economic, social and topographical development of Winchester, with specific reference to the effect of the railways in the later nineteenth century. Surviving rail company records of passengers and freight for this period are scarce and so the census is used to indicate a tangible yet difficult to quantify effect: the impact of the railways upon a city that was neither a railway town nor an industrial centre. The census provides evidence of the structure of the de facto population on census night every ten years, and the CEBs show this detail at the level of the individual. It therefore provides a revealing picture of change and continuity in the city at a time when it experienced its most momentous demographic change since medieval times. As such, the analysis contained within is of relevance to people studying both nineteenth century history and the post-medieval history of Winchester. The methodology employed in this work, a sourceoriented KAE1CD database, is a product of the techniques employed by those working in historical computation. The study uses almost 2 million pieces of information in a database covering a continuous run of 50 years of censuses, allowing both a broad and detailed analysis of the data to take place. Using evidence from CEBs as well as concomitant local sources, this thesis questions the extent to which the railway did affect the city. It finds that despite the redistribution of a larger population throughout the city and many changes in the economic and topographical structure of the city, it is rarely possible to expose a quantifiable influence of rail transport.
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Villalta, Luiz Carlos. "Reformismo Ilustrado, censura e práticas de leitura: usos do livro na América Portuguesa." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-14122009-115825/.
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Esta tese propõe-se a investigar os usos do livro na América Portuguesa, fazendo referências também a Portugal. Embora concentre-se nos anos compreendidos entre 1750 e 1822, para compreender as especificidades deste mesmo período, recua quando necessário ao século XVI. Primeiramente, apresenta um quadro das referências culturais e dos alvos de ataque da censura portuguesa e dos leitores no período do Reformismo Ilustrado: de um lado, as teorias corporativas de poder da Segunda Escolástica, os milenarismos e o anti-cientificismo e, de outro, a Ilustração e, ainda, as linhas gerais do Reformismo Ilustrado português, de Pombal ao Príncipe Regente D. João VI. Em segundo lugar, focaliza a atuação da censura e da Coroa em relação aos livros, isto é, os usos prescritos e interditados, avaliando os parâmetros censórios e suas modificações sob o Reformismo Ilustrado; acompanhando as práticas de controle e, inversamente, de difusão que afetaram a circulação e a posse de livros; e, ainda, examinando as concessões de licença para a leitura de livros proibidos. Por fim, aborda os usos do livro no mundo luso-brasileiro, através da análise da distribuição da posse de livros e da composição das bibliotecas; depois, da identificação das concepções de uso formuladas pelos próprios leitores; e, em seguida, examinando as práticas de leitura que acompanharam a formulação de proposições heréticas e, de forma mais particularizada, a Conjuração de Minas Gerais, avaliando os pesos respectivos da influência das Luzes e de outras referências culturais.This thesis proposes a research about the uses of books in Portuguese-America with reference to Portugal also. Although it concentrates in the years between 1750 and 1822, it goes back to the sixteenth Century to understand particular characteristics of the later period. Firstly, it presents a series of cultural references and some practices of the Portuguese censorship with readers during the period of the Enlightened Reformism. On one hand, there were the corporate theories of power from the Second Scholastic, the millennium beliefs and the anti-scientificism, and, on the other hand, the Enlightenment and the main characteristics of the Portuguese Enlightened Reformism, since the rule of marquis of Pombal until that of the Regent Prince D. João VI. Secondly, it focuses on the practices censorship and the Crown in relation to books - that is, the prescribed and prohibited use which evaluated the parameters that established censorship and their modifications under the Enlightened Reformism. Also it accompanies the controlling practices and the diffusion practices that affected the circulation and the possession of books and examines the concession of licenses for the reading of prohibited books. Finally, it incorporates the uses of books in the Portuguese-Brazilian world through, the analysis, lastly, of the distribution of the possession of books and the composition of libraries and the conceptions identified and formulated by the readers themselves. Concluding, the practices that accompanied the formulation of heretic proposals and the Inconfidência Mineira are examined and specifically the different influences of the Enlightenment and other cultural influences.
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Bonfanti, Kátia. "Cenas do espaço escolar: um convite a reolhar as práticas e suas aprendencias na educação para a cidadania." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2006. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/1889.
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Esta dissertação teve o propósito de efetuar estudos sobre cenas do espaço escolar, através da vivência junto aos gestores, educadores, alunos e comunidade da Escola Flôres da Cunha, no município de Esteio, Rio Grande do Sul. O projeto da Escola, nos seus espaços físicos e político-pedagógicos, constituiu a questão central investigada, bem como a relação destes, com a construção da cidadania. A averiguação se valeu de observação participante, questionários, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e documentos da escola, como o PPP e os registros feitos a partir dos conselhos participativos. Através do conjunto de cenas analisados nessa dissertação, convido o leitor interessado a discutir a relação das cenas do cotidiano escolar, em especial, as do espaço externo, contrapondo às diretrizes estabelecidas no Projeto Político Pedagógico que definiu as ações, concepção de educação e de cidadania na comunidade escolar
This dissertation had the purpose of making studies on scenes of the school space, through the existence close to the managers, educators, students and community of School Flôres da Cunha, in the municipal district of Shore, Rio Grande do Sul. The project of the School, in their physical and political-pedagogic spaces, constituted the investigated central subject, as well as the relationship of these, with the construction of the citizenship. The verification was been worth of participant observation, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and documents of the school, as PPP and the registrations done starting from the pieces of advice participant. Through the group of scenes analyzed in that dissertation, invited the interested reader to discuss the relationship of the scenes of the daily school, especially, the one of the external space, opposing to the established guidelines in the Pedagogic Political Project that it defined the actions, education conception and of citizenship in the school community
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Myconiou-Drybetas, Anna. "Paul Eluard - Odysséas Elytis : étude comparative, le passage d'une adolescence poétique aventureuse à une maturité plus censée et plus sage." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040062.
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Les oeuvres poétiques de Paul Eluard et d'Odysséas Elytis présentent des ressemblances remarquables surtout au niveau de la stylistique. La poésie éluardienne a fortement impressionné le poète grec tout en l'aidant à prendre conscience des tensions qui préexistaient en lui et à former sa propre parole poétique. ELuard et Elytis,ayant débuté tous les deux dans le surréalisme et ayant été influencés par les mêmes événements traumatisants de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale,passent à leur maturité après 1945 et trouvent l'expression de leur voie chacune basée sur des principes particuliers. L'analyse des thèmes fondamentaux (la lumière,la nature,la femme) autour desquels s'organisent les univers poétiques d'Eluard et d'Elytis nous a permis de mettre en évidence les points communs ainsi que les différences des principaux axes de leurs conceptions cosmiquesThe poetries of Paul Eluard and Odysseas Elytis present remarkable ressemblances mainly in the level of stylistics. .
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Corriou, Morgan. "Un nouveau loisir en situation coloniale : le cinéma dans la Tunisie du protectorat (1896-1956)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070069.
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Cette étude porte tant sur l'économie de la distribution et de l’exploitation que sur les pratiques des spectateurs tunisiens, français et italiens en situation coloniale. Dans une première partie nous analysons 1 implantation du cinématographe en Tunisie. Un public tunisien musulman émerge dès le début du XXe siècle et participe d'une culture urbaine moderne en plein essor Mais cette nouvelle forme de loisir trouve également sa place dans des pratiques religieuses et traditionnelles A partir de 1922, les cinémas se multiplient dans les quartiers « européens » comme dans les médinas. Nous insistons plus particulièrement sur la place des Italiens et des Tunisiens juifs dans secteur de l'exploitation. Dans une deuxième partie, nous abordons les décennies 1930 et 1940 période caractérisée par l'immixtion du politique. La résidence générale tourne son regard vers un loisir qui attire toujours plus de spectateurs et engage des intérêts économiques de plus en plus considérables. L'arrivée du parlant provoque une rupture car les films tendent de plus en plus à être identifiés comme des produits nationaux. Nous décrivons ici la salle comme un nouvel espace public. Les enjeux sociaux caractérisent davantage la dernière période qui va de 1946 (date de naissance du Centre cinématographique tunisien) à l'Indépendance. Lieu de la contestation politique dans les années 1930 et 1940, la salle de cinéma agit dans l'après-guerre comme un catalyseur des bouleversements sociaux à l'œuvre : conflit des générations ; évolution des rapports hommes/ femmes ; et, surtout, émergence d'une jeunesse éduquée appelée à devenir un acteur majeur dans la construction du futur étatMy aim has been to explore both the economies of cinema in Tunisia during the colonial era and the social experience of films by Tunisian, French and Italian audiences. The first part of my dissertation deals with the early beginnings of cinema in Tunisia. I argue that a Tunisian audience existed as early as the beginning of the 20 century. These filmgoers took part in a burgeoning urban life. But this new form of entertainment also found its way into religious and traditional practices. From 1922 onwards, cinemas expanded in the "European" areas as well as in the medinas. I notice the involvement of Italians and Tunisian Jews in the cinema industry. In a second part, I investigate the 1930s and the 1940s, a period characterized by the intrusion of politics in the film business and the cinemas. The arrival of sound film implied a break as films became more and more identified as a national product. I describe cinemas as a new public space. Social issues characterize the last period that runs from the post-war years until Independence in 1956. In the aftermath of World War II, the cinemas stood out as an important venue for social evolutions rather than for direct political protests. Film going revealed slow changes in gender relationships, a growing generation gap and, above all, the rise of an educated Tunisian youth
Books on the topic "Census, 1898"
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Bowen, Jeff. North Carolina Eastern Cherokee Indian census, 1898-1899, 1904, 1906, 1909-1912, 1914. Reformatting for New Publisher 2008, 1998.
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Rowland, Arthur Ray. 1890 census of Augusta and Richmond County, Georgia: A substitute data from Augusta city directories for 1888, 1889 and 1891. Augusta Genealogical Society, 2005.
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Hanks, Bill. 1890 tax book (reconstructed 1890 census) Logan County, Arkansas: Marriage/thomas & catherine/1888-001-70-o519. Arkansas Ancestors, 1987.
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James, June. 1891 Ontario census. Kawartha Branch, Ontario Genealogical Society, 2007.
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Strøm, Torgir. Fólkatal fyri Vág: 1801, 1828, 1834, 1845, 1855, 1860, 1870, 1890, 1906 og 1911. P. Andreasen, 2005.
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P, Nelson Patricia, ed. 1890 genealogical census reconstruction. Heritage Books, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Census, 1898"
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Saito, Yasuhiko, Futoshi Ishii, and Jean-Marie Robine. "Centenarians and Supercentenarians in Japan." In Demographic Research Monographs. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49970-9_10.
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AbstractIn this chapter, we use censuses, lists of centenarians, and vital statistics to describe the demography of centenarians, defined as the group of people who are 100 years old or older. We also refer to the group of people between the ages of 105 and 109 as semi-supercentenarians. Finally, we refer to those individuals who reach the age of 110 and beyond as supercentenarians. Although our ability to describe centenarians using these data is currently very limited, censuses and the lists of centenarians can be used to determine the number of people who survive to age 100 or older. Moreover, vital statistics provides the number of deaths, by single year of age and by sex, for those who died above the age of 100 since 1899. Our study examines trends in the highest ages at death for each year between 1963 and 2015, and shows increasing trends during this period. Using the number of deaths and applying the extinct cohort method, we estimate the level of mortality of people aged 100 or older, as well as trends in mortality. We observe decreasing trends in mortality levels among people who have reached very high ages, even as mortality continues to increase with age until very high ages.
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Rubel, Yaacov. "The Jewish Population of Buenos Aires according to the National Census of 1895: Confirmations, Disagreements and New Findings." In Jewish Population and Identity. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77446-6_9.
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Kestenbaum, Bert. "Semi-supercentenarians in the United States." In Demographic Research Monographs. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49970-9_13.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses in detail the procedure followed to identify a 1-in-10 sample of persons born between 1870 and 1899 who resided in the United States at the time of their death at ages 105–109 for men and 108 or 109 for women. We tabulate the characteristics of these “semi-supercentenarians” and offer some observations about the level of their mortality. The procedure for identifying semi-supercentenarians consists of (1) casting a net to find candidates and then (2) determining for which candidates can both date of birth and date of death be validated. The net used to find candidates in the United States is different from the nets typically used in other counties: in the United States we use the file of enrollments in the federal government’s Medicare health insurance program. Some of the information needed for the verification step comes from another administrative file – the Social Security Administration’s file of applications for a new or replacement social security card. Verification of the date of death is accomplished by querying the National Death Index. Dates of birth are verified by using online resources to access the records of several censuses conducted many decades earlier.
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Hoch, Steven L., and Wilson R. Augustine. "7. The Tax Censuses and the Decline of the Serf Population in Imperial Russia, 1833-1858." In Essays in Russian Social and Economic History. Academic Studies Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781618114297-007.
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Hanley, Will. "Census." In Identifying with Nationality. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231177627.003.0005.
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This chapter uses four general censuses of Egypt (1882, 1897, 1907, and 1917) as well as a variety of comprehensive surveys of subcommunities within Alexandria to focus on questions of socio-legal categorization. Although census reports aimed for comprehensive and logical description of the population, sharp category changes from census to census show that categories were anything but certain. This is particularly true of census categories of nationality, which proliferated over this period. This chapter builds on the previous chapter to offer a comprehensive account of the protocols of identification used in Alexandria's multiple legal contexts.
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Baines, J. A. "Census of India, 1891." In The Lineaments of Population Policy in India. Routledge India, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351238762-5.
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Corrsin, Stephen D. "‘The City of Illiterates’? Levels of Literacy among Poles and Jews in Warsaw, 1882‒1914." In Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry Volume 12. Liverpool University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774594.003.0016.
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This chapter examines literacy in Warsaw around the turn of the century, using data from the local census of 1882 and the imperial census of 1897, as well as from selected contemporary surveys. It points out the problems in Adolf Suligowski's analysis that made literacy levels look much lower than they actually were. The revised portrait presented here shows that, even though the people of the city were poorly served by the school system and by the educational policies of the Russian government, Warsaw was far from a ‘city of illiterates’. The chapter shows that re-examining these data can present a more realistic, much more complex picture — in particular, one that shows significantly higher literacy levels for Warsaw. This re-examination also points to the need for considerable caution when using data from two particular censuses, which are vitally important for the study of society in the late Russian Empire.
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Grizzard, Nigel. "Demogaphic: The Jewish population of Leeds – how many Jews?" In Leeds and its Jewish community. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526123084.003.0004.
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The chapter attempts the difficult task of estimating the changing Jewish population of Leeds, without reliable census data. Before the present century, the census did not record religious affiliation. Surrogate demographic data has to be used based on place of birth; for the 1881, 1891 and 1901 census, if the place of birth was stated as Russia it has been used to form the basis of population estimates. The name COHEN is used as an additional indicator, as well as birth and death rates. The Jewish Year Book estimates are listed.
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Cicero, Frank. "The Constitution of 1818." In Creating the Land of Lincoln. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041679.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 follows Illinois’s transition from territory to state. A territorial census was likely padded to reach the required 40,000 inhabitants. The 1818 constitutional convention wrote the state’s founding document, many of its provisions drawn from other states’ constitutions. The delegates sought to limit the governor’s role by vesting powers in the legislature, leading to an unsteady balance of governmental powers. Delegates also focused on the question of slavery, termed “indentured servitude” in the constitution and described as “voluntary.” This wording set up debate in U.S. Congress that previewed the Missouri Compromise, but ultimately the constitution was approved and Illinois became a state on December 3, 1818. The slavery debate continued in Illinois, a frontier state that blended northern and southern sensibilities.
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"The Unemployment Problem as Reflected in the 1895 Census." In Industrial Unemployment in Germany, 1873–1913. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315189819-11.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Census, 1898"
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Ivanova, N., and E. Bryukhanova. "Digitaleducation – new challenges or what to teach historians?" In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1844.978-5-317-06529-4/427-433.
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The purpose of the publication is to demonstrate the experience of introducing (within the discipline of “source studies”) teaching technologies for working with digital data (electronic copies of historical sources, electronic NSA, historical information systems) using the example of one massive statistical source – the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897 as well as mastering database technologies.
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Brukhanova, E., and O. Chekryzhova. "The problems of the Siberian urban space reconstruction at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries (on the example of Tobolsk city)." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1818.978-5-317-06529-4/257-264.
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The aim of the study is the Siberian cities’ social space reconstructiong in the late 19th – early 20th centuries based on the various sources and their comprehensive analysis, as well as the historical data representation in the interactive geoinformation system. As part of the project, the web-GIS of social topography of Tobolsk province’s cities at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries was created, including the reconstruction of more than 50% of Tobolsk’s urban development based on the study of historical maps, materials of the 1897 Census, photographic documents and other sources.
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Vohnout, Vincent J. "The Impact of Sheet Metal Stamping on Manufacturing and Economic Growth of the United States in the Early 20th Century." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33270.
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A vast array of manufactured articles containing metal components utilize power press methods in their production. The common aspect of these methods is the use of specialized dies and the mechanical energy of the press machine to impart the required finished shape with a minimum of time and material loss. The innovation of power press metal forming methods in conjunction with advances in sheet rolling technology can be credited with a significant portion of the United States economic growth from manufacturing between 1890 and 1940. Of the many variations of power press metal forming processes that now exist, sheet stamping is found to be the most significant to the economic development of the U.S. as a synergetic partner of the new automobile industry. Data from the 1929 Census of Manufactures is used to generate a Social Savings metric which estimates the effect of the use of sheet stamping in terms productivity gained. The estimated Social Savings of this very small sector of manufacturing represents a tenth of one percent of the total Value Added by all U.S. industries in 1929.
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De Paula, Jenifer Melissa, José Valter Amaral De Freitas, and Thatiane De Oliveira Rosa. "Acessibilidade Móvel para Alfabetização de Deficientes Visuais: Proposta Inicial de um Protótipo." In III Encontro Nacional de Computação dos Institutos Federais. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/encompif.2016.9387.
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De acordo com o censo de 2010, 18,8% da população brasileira possui deficiência visual, sendo que tal parcela necessita de atenção especial em diversos aspectos, principalmente no que tange ao processo educativo. Outro fator relevante é que hoje a tecnologia da informação é utilizada como suporte para execução de diversos processos, dentre eles o de ensino/aprendizagem no qual amplia as possibilidades de interação. Sendo percebida uma tendência à adoção de tecnologias móveis. Diante disso, esse trabalho possui como objetivo identificar requisitos desejáveis a uma aplicação móvel touch screen, que vise auxiliar a alfabetização de deficientes visuais.
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Bandyopadhyay, Sumahan, та Doyel Chatterjee. "A Salvage Linguistic Anthropological Study of the Endangered Māṅgtā Language of West Bengal, India". У GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.15-2.
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The present paper is a salvage Linguistic Anthropology, in which attempt has been made to document a nearly-extinct language known as māṅgtā bhāsā, and to suggest appropriate measures for saving it from complete extinction. The word māṅgtā is said to have been derived from māṅā, which means ‘to ask for’ or ‘to beg’. The language is spoken by a few groups of the Bedia, which is a Scheduled Tribe (ST) in India with a population of 88,772 as per Census of India, 2011(Risley [1891]1981; Bandyopadhyay 2012, 2016, 2017). Bedia is a generic name for a number of vagrant gypsy like groups which Risley has divided into seven types. They live by a number of professions such as snake-charming, selling of medicinal herbs, showing chameleon art or multi-forming. Almost all of them have become speakers of more than one language for interacting with speakers of different languages in the neighbourhood for the sake of their survival. Even the present generation has almost forgotten their native speech, and their unawareness of the language becoming extinct is of concern to us. Elders still remember it and use it sometimes in conversations with the fellow members of their community. The ability to speak this language is construed with regard to the origin of this particular group of Bedia. In fact, the language had given them the identity of a separate tribal community while they demanded the status of ST in the recent past. Thus, socio-historically, the māṅgtā language has a special significance. In spite of being a distinct speech, there has been almost no study conducted on this language. This is one of the major motives for taking up the present endeavour. This project conducts morphological, phonological, syntactical and semantic studies on the māṅgtā language. Sociolinguistic aspects of this language have also been considered. The language has its roots in the Indo-European language family with affinity to the Austro-Asiatic family. The paper interrogates whether māṅgtā can be called language or speech. The study required ethnographic field work, audio-visual archiving, and revitalization, along with sustainable livelihood protection of speakers of the language.