Dissertations / Theses: 'Centered system design'

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Thärn, Simon. "The Skärgårda cabinet system : A human centered design process for archipelago deliveries." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86000.

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Hur kan ett leveransskåp-system designas för att vara attraktivt och användbart för dess användare? Och hur kan användare involveras i denna process under en global pandemi? Detta projekt ämnar att svara på dessa frågor samt utveckla ett hållbart skåpsystem som skyddar paket som levereras i Stockholms skärgård från värme, tjuvar, och rådande väderförhållanden, men som också är anpassat till dess användare och kontext. Användarna är i detta fall Skärgårda, ett företag som kör ut paket med båt i skärgården, samt deras kunder, som beställer paketen, vilka kan innehålla vad som helst från sneakers till matvaror. För att genomföra detta projekt har en användarcentrerad designprocess använts. Denna process har innehållit metoder för kontextundersökning, idégenerering, utveckling, samt tester. Ett teoretiskt ramverk har också använts för att vetenskapligt grunda arbetet. Detta ramverk tog upp ämnerna teknisk design, användarcentrerad design, design thinking, ergonomi, estetiska principer, Stockholms skärgård, hållbarhet, samt material. Resultatet var ett koncept för ett system av leveransskåp, som har mervärdet att även fungera som bänkar, vilket var det mest attraktiva konceptet av fyra, enligt kunderna. Denna bänk kan öppnas genom dess lucka, bestående av sitsen, ryggstödet och frontpartiet, för att komma åt ett isolerat förvaringsutrymme för kollin på insidan. Bänken har en låslösning som tillåter Skärgårda att använda en huvudnyckel till alla skåp, medan kunden kan fästa ett hänglås om hen vill. Sitsen är dimensionerad efter de 5e till 95e percentilerna av svenskar och interaktionen med bänken har efter en iteration anpassats ergonomiskt för att medföra så liten belastning på Skärgårdas bud som möjligt. Bänken kan fästas i de olika underlag som är vanliga längs kusterna i stockholms skärgård. Dessa inkluderar sten, sand, jord, samt bryggor i trä. En diskussion som dykt upp är däremot om denna fixtur verkligen är nödvändig, eftersom bänk-konceptet har en stor kontaktyta mot marken samt låg tyngdpunkt. Slutsatser som funnits var att något mervärde, att den smälter in i omgivningen, samt att den är fri från krångel verkade göra skåpet mer attraktivt och användbart för kunderna, samt att användare kunde involveras i designprocessen genom distansworkshops, enkäter, telefonintervjuer, eller genom representanter på plats, vilka då spelar rollen av användargruppen. Det kunde också konkluderas att det designade skåpet var anpassat till dess användare och kontext, kunde ses som hållbart, och mest troligt skyddar från värme, tjuvar, och väderförhållanden, men att detta skulle behöva testas vidare för att verifiera.

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Abbasi, Azad Ismail. "Coffeepot for Masochists : A Study in User-Centered System Design." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168653.

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This master thesis is carried out in the field of “Human-Computer interaction”, more specifically the area “User-centered system design”. The focus has been on “usability” and useful graphical user interfaces. Current theories and definitions in the field have been considered. Literature studies contain well known authors and organisations in domains mentioned above; Jakob Nielsen, Donald A Norman and International Organization for Standardization ISO to mention some. Another source for this work from which the theories and way of working have been used is the book “User-Centered System Design” written by Jan Gulliksen and Bengt Göransson. The work started with a literature study followed by looking at methods to use. The next step was to do task and user analysis which followed by the development phase. The user has been given a central role in this project and, just as recommended, also been involved through the whole cycle. A useful method to get feedback from users, in addition to interviews and workshops, has been the “Heuristic Evaluation”. The final result and conclusion shows that the user-centered system design is a powerful tool to adapt when designing and developing interactive user interface.
Detta examensarbete har utförts inom området för ”Människa-Datorinteraktion” mer specifikt ”Användarcentrerad Systemdesign”. Fokus har varit på ”användbarhet” och användbart grafiskt användargränssnitt. Aktuella teorier och definitioner har iakttagits. Litteraturstudien har omfattat välkända författare och organisationer i ovannämnda domäner; Jakob Nielsen, Donald A Norman och Internationella standardiseringsorganisationen ISO för att nämna några. En annan källa vars teorier och arbetssätt har tillämpats i detta arbete är boken ”Användarcentrerad Systemdesign” av författarna Jan Gulliksen och Bengt Göransson. Arbetet började med en litteraturstudie följd av val av lämplig metod. Nästa steg innebar att utföra uppgifts- och användaranalyser och därefter var det dags för utvecklingsfasen. Användaren har haft en central roll i detta projekt och har, precis som rekommenderat, involverats i samtliga moment. En lämplig och nyttig metod för att få återkoppling från användarna, förutom intervjuer och workshop, har varit ”Heuristisk Utvärdering”. Det slutliga resultatet och slutsatsen visar att användarcentrerad systemdesign är ett kraftfullt verktyg att nyttja när det kommer till design och utveckling av interaktivt användargränssnitt.

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Aslan, Cansel Elif Özcan Can A. "Quality function deployment: A method for user-centered design/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2005. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/endustriurunleritasarimi/T000423.doc.

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Landqvist, Fredrik. "Development of a portable display system with a human-centered design approach." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79736.

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This master thesis project in industrial design engineering at Luleå University of Technology was about developing a portable light box for Spennare. The work was done under the supervision of the design engineering studio Catino in Stockholm during the spring of 2020. The background for the project was that Spennare today has a large selection of display system products that companies can use to promote themselves, such as roll-up screens and pop-up walls. But a product they does not have in their range is a portable lightbox. A portable lightbox differs from roll-ups and similar products in the way that the message that is conveyed becomes backlit, since the lightbox contains LED lights. This differentiates the lightbox amongst other similar products and the message is conveyed in a clearer and more prominent way than with a roll-up which is not backlit. The work has followed a user-centered design process that has followed a framework called Double Diamond developed by the Design Council (Design Council, n.d.). The framework consists of four phases: discover, define, develop and deliver. The purpose of the process was to first create an understanding of what the problem was, and then to concretize it into some well-formulated problems and needs that needed to be solved and fulfilled. Then ideas for solutions to these problems would be generated, ideas that could then be refined and evaluated until final solution were reached. Methods used during the process was benchmarking, interviews, observations and tests to identify the problem. Then, among other things, different brainstorming methods have been used during both creative workshops but also throughout the process of generating ideas. In order to test and evaluate different ideas, prototypes have been built in different stages during the process. The final result was compiled in a cad model. In the initial phase of the processes, when an understanding of the problem was developed, showed that many of the existing lightboxes consist of many different parts that the user must assemble themselves, which puts great demands on the user. Interviews with users showed that they wanted products that are as simple as possible to assemble. Interviews with people who had experience with lightboxes stated that plastic lightboxes are not an option as they are of quality worse than dittos in aluminium. Tests also showed that plastic lightboxes had flaws in the mounting process and the end result became unstable. Based on these insights, a large number of different ideas were generated that solved these problems. These ideas were iterated and narrowed down to four different concepts. These concepts were evaluated against requirements and goals set at the beginning of the process. After the evaluation, one concept remained, which was then developed further with the help of prototypes and detail sketches. The end result was a lightbox which is an improvement in the way that it requires significantly fewer steps to mount the lightbox. The number of parts is the same but these are connected with joints and this makes the lightbox consist of only two modules. It can be argued that in order for the end result to be as good as possible, more tests should have been done. But due to the situation that was the spring of 2020 with the Covid-19 pandemic, it was not possible to conduct more tests. More prototypes had also had to be made to ensure that the design worked as intended. Likewise to evaluate the shape of the lightbox, which is currently only designed with the help of 2D sketches and 3D digital models. So to ensure that the shape not negatively affect the function, prototypes of higher quality and with the correct shape have to be made and evaluated. However, it can be concluded that the lightbox designed is an improvement of what exists on the market today. It has better usability and does not require as much of the user when installing the lightbox.
Den här masteruppsatsen för civilingenjör teknisk design på Luleå tekniska universitet gick ut på att utveckla en portabel ljuslåda för Spennare. Arbetet gjordes under handledning av designingenjörsstudion Catino i Stockholm under våren 2020. Bakgrunden till arbetet är att Spennare idag har ett stort utbud av produkter som företag kan använda sig av för att marknadsföra sig själva, så som roll-ups och pop-up-väggar. Men en produkt som de saknar i sitt eget utbud är en portabel ljuslåda. En portabel ljuslåda skiljer sig från roll-ups och liknande produkter på så sätt att motivet som förmedlas blir bakgrundsbelyst då ljuslådan innehåller ledlister. Detta gör att den särskiljer sig från mängden och budskapet förmedlas på ett tydligare och mer framstående sätt än på en roll-up som ej är belyst. Arbetet har följt en användarcentrerad designprocess som har följt ett ramverks som heter Double Diamond och som är framtaget av Design Council (Design Council, n.d.). Ramverket består av fyra stycken faser: discover, define, develop samt deliver. Syftet var att först skapa sig en förståelse för vad problemet var, för att sedan konkretisera det till några väl formulerade problem som behövde lösas. Sedan skulle idéer på lösningar för dessa problem genereras, idéer som sedan kunde förfinas och utvärderas för att slutligen komma fram till en slutlig lösning. Metoder som använts under processen är benchmark, intervjuer, observationer samt tester för att identifiera problemet. Sedan har bland annat olika brainstormingmetoder används under både under kreativa workshops men också genomgående under processen för att generera idéer. För att testa och utvärdera olika idéer har prototyper byggts i olika steg under processens gång. Det slutliga resultatet sammanställdes i en cad-model. Den inledande fasen som gick ut på att skapa sig en förståelse för problemet visade att många av nu existerande ljuslådor består av många olika delar som användaren själv måste montera ihop vilket ställer stora krav på användaren. Intervjuer med användare visade att dessa ville ha produkter som är så enkla som möjligt att montera ihop. Intervjuer med folk som hade erfarenhet av ljuslådor fastslog att ljuslådor i plast inte är ett alternativ då de är kvalitetsmässigt sämre än diton i aluminium. Test visade också att ljuslådor i plast hade brister i montering och slutresultatet blev ostabilt. Baserat på detta generades ett stort antal olika idéer som löste dessa problem. Dessa idéer itererades och smalnades ner till fyra stycken olika koncept. Dessa koncepten utvärderads mot krav och mål som satts upp i början av processen. Efter utvärderingen var ett koncept kvar som sedan utvecklades med hjälp av prototyper och detaljskisser. Slutresultatet blev en ljuslåda som är en förbättring på så sätt att den kräver betydligt färre steg från användaren när denne ska montera den. Antalet delat är det samma men dessa sitter ihop med leder och det gör att ljuslådan endast består av två stycken moduler. Det kan argumenteras att för att slutresultatet skulle blivit så bra som möjligt så skulle fler tester behövts göras. Men på grund av den situation som rådde under våren 2020 med Covid-19 pandemin så var det inte möjligt att genomföra fler tester än vad som gjordes. Fler prototyper hade också behövts göras för att säkerställa att konstruktionen fungerade som det var tänkt. Likaså för att utvärdera formen på ljuslådan, vilken just nu endast är designad i 2D och i 3D-digitalt. Så för att säkerställa att formen inte påverkade funktionen negativt hade prototyper med högre kvalitet och bättre form behövts göras och utvärderas. Slutsatser kan ändå dras att den ljuslåda som designats är en förbättring av vad som finns på marknaden idag. Den har bättre användbarhet och kräver inte lika mycket av användaren när denne ska montera ljuslådan.

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Donnoli, Micah. "Challenging participatory design in an urban environment structured by complex social divisions." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2406.

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Thesis (MTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
This research is based on how an understanding of place can facilitate designing Product Service Systems (PSS) in an urban environment structured by complex social divisions. Predominantly grounded in Participatory Design (PD), the study investigates how certain methodologies within the field are appropriate, and to what level that they are effective when used in a majority-world context. PD has produced successful projects when used in minority-world contexts, however, if the basis of the field – that of co-designers and the synthesised work effort from all stakeholders – is brought into an environment that has extreme social divisions, there is a definitive abstraction of design-orientated social engagement. The project research began in Malmö, Sweden, with the first of three case studies. In this context, PSS and PD were used as a paradigm to engage businesses and people in a specific area in a project referred to as Linjen (‘The Line’). The main purpose of the project was to stimulate the public’s interest in the area and to investigate the potential for connecting local businesses in an effort to propagate constructive communication. This section serves as a baseline framework for minority-world PD projects. The second study of the project was conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, and from the resultant implications a revised approach emerged. This reappraised angle proved far more interesting and relevant: it now aimed to take the PD methodologies of a minority-world project and explore what challenges were encountered when PD approaches were implemented across a socially complex environment. The third and final case study involved prototyping a waste collection trolley as a participatory aid for engaging stakeholders as codesigners. The case studies are presented here to describe the dichotomy of PD practice between contexts or place. A recurring theme of this research area is that of ‘perceived’ distance and roles between co-designers, and specifically that of the researcher and the stakeholders. This thesis concludes by presenting a lens – an amalgamation of experiences, prototypes and research outcomes – through which designers could work when involved in PD projects. The conclusion includes the following research tools: planning casual encounters, valuebased interactions, design ownership and human proxy. These tools present useful and insightful ways in which designers can minimise the perceived distance between themselves and their co-designers, ultimately developing a reflective and mindful design practitioner and engaged participants.

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Kahl, Vincent. "Application of User-Centered Design for a Student Case Management System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-159128.

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The student office and student counselors of Uppsala University's IT Department need a new application for organizing and coordinating student cases. The aim of this thesis is to define a specification for a new system. A user-centered design (UCD) approach is taken to ensure that the new application will increase productivity, is usable, and is accepted by the people that will work with it. The employed UCD process is a custom adaptation of the ISO 9241-210 standar's UCD process proposal. Following the activity cycle of the ISO standard for user-centered design, this specification will understand and specify the context of use, specify the user and organizational requirements, and produce design solutions that are evaluated against the requirements.

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Gibson, Gregory J. "Aircrew centered system design analysis considerations for the MH-53E helicopter." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA326856.

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Thesis (M.S. in Aeronautical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1996.
Thesis advisor(s): Conrad F. Newberry. "December 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 127). Also available online.

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Yu, Bo Yang Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Human-centered approaches to system level design with applications to desalination." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97846.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 153-160).
The goal of this thesis is to better understand the design practice employed by the desalination industry from a systems-level viewpoint and offer recommendations to improve the process of design. A human-centered design research approach is used, in which industry practitioners were interviewed about the design strategies they employ for industrial desalination systems. A common theme from the interviews is that long term performance of desalination systems needs to be emphasized during the design process. Based on this observation, a novel design framework is proposed that incorporates health monitoring and maintenance in the design stage. The proposed framework is shown to make the design process more effective and can result in more optimal design over the lifecycle of a plant. The interviews also suggest open questions about how designers use computational tools for the design of desalination system. An investigation of how designers respond to the complexity of desalination parameter design problems was conducted. The behavior of designers during a series of simulated design processes involving seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants was observed. The experiments revealed that desalination knowledge seemed to lead to better performance, but the results also showed that subjects with limited desalination knowledge could perform worse than subjects with no desalination knowledge. It was also observed that human designers had difficulties understanding the sensitivity of coupled variables, which can lead to poor performance on parameter design problems. Additionally, the top-performance-ranked subjects were observed to behavior very differently from the bottom-ranked. The problem-solving profiles of best performing subjects resembled a well-tuned simulated annealing algorithm while the worst performing subjects used a pseudo random search strategy.
by Bo Yang Yu.
Ph. D.

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Mallareddy, Nikhil. "User-centered design of a fertilizer recommendation system for smallholder farmers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122090.

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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2018
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-70).
Declining soil health is a major problem in India, affecting nearly 120 million hectares of land constituting 37% of the total geographic area. Soil degradation poses a significant threat to India's food security, due to its negative impact on long-term crop yields, which are crucial for feeding a burgeoning population. Imbalanced fertilizer use, a negative consequence of the Green Revolution, is one of the primary causes of soil degradation and adversely impacts the environment, human health, and farm profitability. The problem can be addressed by adopting the principles of site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), which call for judicious use of fertilizer based on frequent soil testing. However, inadequate soil testing capacity and lack of access to information act as barriers to its adoption.
This project aims to facilitate adoption of SSNM by developing a point-of-use soil testing and nutrient management system, made up of two key components 1) an affordable, point-of-use sensor that enables on-farm soil testing and 2) a recommendation engine that provides actionable fertilizer advice through mobile phones. This thesis presents the design of the fertilizer recommendation engine, by answering the following research question: "How to implement actionable fertilizer recommendations, in order to maximize adoption by resource-constrained farmers?" In doing so, it represents the second phase of the project, building on the actionability framework laid by done by fellow researcher, Soumya Braganza. This thesis mainly focuses on the issues involved in the implementation of the recommendation engine, through a "user centered approach" adopting diverse methods such as stakeholder interviews and conjoint analysis.
In order to answer the question of customization, data from the conjoint study was analyzed, revealing the influence of farmers' behavioral factors on actionability. In order to realize the level of customization required, a Bayesian algorithm was proposed to generate recommendations suited to a farmer's behavior. Thereafter, lessons from field studies were consolidated into system requirements for the fertilizer recommendation engine, and methods were proposed to address them. Lastly, a layered architecture is presented to implement the desired features of the recommendation engine in an integrated manner.
Funded by MIT-Tata Center
by Nikhil Mallareddy.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
S.M.inTechnologyandPolicy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society

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Baldev, Darshan H. "Design of a Construction Safety Training System using Contextual Design Methodology." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35200.

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In the U.S., the majority of construction companies are small companies with 10 or fewer employees (BLS, 2004). The fatality rate in the construction industry is high, indicating a need for implementing safety training to a greater extent. This research addresses two main goals: to make recommendations and design a safety training system for small construction companies, and to use Contextual Design to design the training system. Contextual Design was developed by Holtzblatt (Beyer and Holtzblatt, 1998) in an effort to address the challenge of designing new systems. Ethnographic in nature, the Contextual Design methodology requires field data collection, requirements analysis, model building, visioning and story boarding, and prototyping. A sample of 12 participants consisting of 7 tradespersons, 3 forepersons, and 2 owners/ managers, was selected for data collection. The data was analyzed based on the Contextual Design approach and a training system prototype was designed. The results of this study are recommendations for safety in small construction companies, a low fidelity paper prototype of the training system, and recommendations on future use of Contextual Design for developing training systems.
Master of Science

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Selleby, Daniel. "Enhancing the person-centered care system through digital communication tools by applying a user-centered approach to a hospital environment." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23450.

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Digital technologies are becoming increasingly common tools in our daily lives. We use it for finding information, but also to communicate with people all over the world. With a vision to strengthen Swedish healthcare's digital resources, Sweden has made major efforts in this area. Improved living conditions have changed the demographic situation as people grow older, which in turn places higher demands on healthcare efficiency. Being able to meet these demands has made digitalization of healthcare increasingly important, but also demonstrating new challenges such as participation, transparency and usability. The purpose of this study has been to investigate if communicative tools can be created to facilitate nurses work with person-centred care and to enhance patients' positive experiences of their own care. The study is based on interviews and observations with nurses working within orthopaedic sections and employees working in facility management as well as administration within the hospital. The results show that digital solutions can be effective tools for enhancing person-centered care, but with automated solutions the physical encounter between nurses and patients can be reduced. The concepts that have been developed are two mobile applications. They were developed with the intention to make it easier for nurses to document and communicate patients' activity and care plans.

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Nagata, Masakazu S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "User-centered automation process in synthetic biology research." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113520.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-46).
By designing and re-designing biological system, synthetic biology is advancing a wide range of domains from biotherapeutics for fatal cancers to biofuels and artificial meat to improve the global environment and food security. As the scale and complexity of synthetic biology endeavors are increasing, designing automation processes to replace manual labor is becoming more important to improve cost effectiveness, reproducibility, and efficiency including error reduction. Despite the desire for lab automation in the research and industry, in reality, scientists still largely rely on manual techniques in the labs even though the conventional approach becomes unmanageable and slows down their research iterations. One of the key problems is the mental barrier. According to the online survey and interviews conducted in this research, almost 90% of researchers cannot trust the quality of robot's work even though they do not know the actual success rate of the robotics work and what the robot can do. To bridge the gap for making the automation process more accessible, this research is proposing the use of "Bot", a software robot with which people can communicate through the internet and "Internet of things (IoT)". In the system, Bot is connected with the lab automation robots such as liquid handling robots. By communicating with the Bot using user-interfaces such as Slack, researchers can place work orders on lab robots and monitor their order status anytime. Moreover, people can directly ask the Bot for important information and instructions, such as protocol success rate and scheduling.
by Masakazu Nagata.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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Meza, Bustamante Katherine Isabel. "The creation of tools and models to characterize and quantify user-centered design considerations in product and system development." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002178.

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Shukla, Ritesh. "Machine learning ecosystem : implications for business strategy centered on machine learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107342.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, System Design and Management Program, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 48-50).
As interest for adopting machine learning as a core component of a business strategy increases, business owners face the challenge of integrating an uncertain and rapidly evolving technology into their organization, and depending on this for the success of their strategy. The field of Machine learning has a rich set of literature for modeling of technical systems that implement machine learning. This thesis attempts to connect the literature for business and technology and for evolution and adoption of technology to the emergent properties of machine learning systems. This thesis provides high-level levers and frameworks to better prepare business owners to adopt machine learning to satisfy their strategic goals.
by Ritesh Shukla.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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Chang, Tae-Young. "User-activity aware strategies for mobile information access." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22595.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Raghupathy Sivakumar; Committee Member: Chuanyi Ji; Committee Member: George Riley; Committee Member: Magnus Egerstedt; Committee Member: Umakishore Ramachandran.

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Chen, Xin. "Human-centered semantic retrieval in multimedia databases." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008p/chen.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008.
Additional advisors: Barrett R. Bryant, Yuhua Song, Alan Sprague, Robert W. Thacker. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 8, 2008; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 172-183).

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Menard, Kevin Joseph. "Evaluating user feedback systems." Link to electronic thesis, 2006. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050406-121227/.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: implicit feedback; explicit feedback; document relevance; implicit indicators; search engine; voluntary feedback; mandatory feedback. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-77).

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Qi, Qi. "Participatory design in strengthening sense of community : a PD proposal of Hubin Reconstruction Area in Hangzhou, China." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/thesis/Spring2007/Q_Qi_052407.pdf.

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Bazar, Nancy Sceery. "Web usability or accessibility comparisons between people with and without intellectual disabilities in viewing complex naturalistic scenes using eye-tracking technology /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4559.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2009.
Vita: p. 238. Thesis director: Frederick Brigham. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 12, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-237). Also issued in print.

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Iribagiza, Chantal. "Human-Centered Design of an Air Quality Feedback System to Promote Healthy Cooking." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4547.

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Household air pollution (HAP) is responsible for almost 4 million premature deaths every year, a burden that is primarily carried by women and children in developing countries. The mortality and morbidity impact of HAP can be significantly alleviated through clean cookstove interventions. However, for these interventions to be effective, the new intervention stove must be a substantially cleaner technology and adoption should be high and sustained over time. Woody biomass is the fuel of choice in many developing communities, and contributes substantially to HAP. Several organizations have launched clean cooking interventions to address this issue. However, the majority of those interventions do not address adoption related challenges, that they often face. This thesis explores previous studies on Human-Centered Design (HCD) and the impact of feedback and data access on behavior change. It details a HCD process and methodology applied during the design process of an air quality feedback system, to improve adoption of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cookstoves in Rwanda. The feedback system is intended to provide real-time air quality information to stove users and potentially encourage them to abandon traditional biomass cookstoves in favor of the cleaner LPG stoves.

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Sahab, Abolghasem Sohail. "Remote User-Centered System Design : Case Study: Redesign of Uppsala Kommun International Website." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Människa-datorinteraktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-135255.

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Building a useful and usable website for international users requires more than translating the content of an existing site to other languages. It should be designed in a way to meet the needs of these users. In order to build a usable website, we need to use a methodology that has a focus on usability. One methodology that is considered essential for designing and developing usable systems is “User-Centered System Design” (UCSD). UCSD has the focus on understanding users’ goals and needs, involving them in participatory design, and evaluating the design with them. However, how can we use UCSD while the users are geographically spread out? To address this question I have studied and employed different approaches to perform UCSD remotely. As a case study, I have used these approaches to design a new international website for Uppsala Kommun (Municipality). The results show that it is possible to perform the UCSD remotely. However, special consideration should be taken for finding representative users. Remote UCSD is not a substitute for UCSD. It can be considered as a methodology for situations where users are geographically spread out. It can also be used as a complementary approach to UCSD.

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Lee, Chaiwoo. "User-centered system design in an aging society : an integrated study on technology adoption." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89872.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2014.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 229-240).
The aging of the population is an important global phenomenon that is bringing changes and challenges to various areas of society. Technology has been explored as one way to cope with the complexities and uncertainties that are emerging with this demographic change. However, the responses from the potential user segment have been far from enthusiastic, suggesting that older adults' adoption of technology is not simply a matter of performance and price, but a complex issue that is affected by multiple factors. This dissertation explores the topic of older adults' technology adoption and use with an integrated framework that includes the perceptions, behaviors, and decisions of both the users and the producers. First, an exhaustive set of individual, technical, and social factors are identified and defined from a literature review and from user interviews with descriptions on these factors' importance and roles in the adoption and use process. Second, the results from a large-scale national survey are presented with a discussion of the empirical validity of the factors, as well as their relative importance and associations at three main decision stages of adoption and use -- purchase, initial use, and continued use. Finally, this dissertation presents a set of three cases developed from multiple sources of evidence on existing technology-enabled solutions for aging-in-place. The integrated framework described in this dissertation suggests the importance of considering population aging as a complex issue, as well as a new opportunity, that requires user-centered thinking from various players and stakeholders. Drawing on multiple methods of quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis, the results underscore the importance and roles of different adoption factors during the design, development, and delivery of technology, as well as in older adults' decisions around adoption and use. This dissertation finds that the various requirements, expectations, and values of older adults are closely related and collectively affect their decisions and behaviors around technology. Finally, a set of implications for research and practice are presented around the need for the continuous involvement of older adults throughout design, development, and delivery of technologies for a changing population.
by Chaiwoo Lee.
Ph. D.

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Brown, Adrienne Shevonne. "A model to integrate sustainability into the user-centered design process." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4743.

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With concerns for the environment becoming more prevalent in business and the government, it is increasingly important to re-evaluate and update processes to include sustainability considerations early in the design process. In response to this charge, this research effort was designed to integrate sustainability factors into the user-centered design process. The results of this research highlight the benefits of sustainability requirement planning, as well as those derived from integrating sustainability into the current user-centered design model.
ID: 030646243; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.I.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-132).
M.S.I.E.
Masters
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering

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Rajabiyazdi, Fahimeh. "Design Concepts TowardsCreating a TroubleshootingKnowledge Management System." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195583.

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Despite the influential impact of knowledge transfer insuccess of industrial domains, organizations still struggle tomanage and maintain their experts’ knowledge andexpertise. In this work, I target remote support engineers,and propose a model that supports them in capturing,visualizing, validating and sharing their knowledge in away that is easily replicable in the future as well providingthe means to access the right expert with the requiredexpertise in case of shortage on documented knowledge.Based on field studies conducted, I identified remotesupport engineers’ needs for exchanging their knowledgeand experiences gained during troubleshooting tasks. Thedesign of the model was achieved by combining thetheories of knowledge acquisition and applying HCIvisualization tools. Finally, I conducted a participatoryevaluation with experts from industrial sites to evaluate themodel. The results of the evaluation indicate positivefeedback towards the model presented and potential forimproving the efficiency of troubleshooting procedures.
Trots den inflytelserika effekterna av kunskapsöverföring i framgången för industriella domäner, organisationerfortfarande kämpar för att hantera och underhålla deras experter kunskap och expertis. I detta arbete, jag riktafjärrsupport ingenjörer, och föreslå en modell som stöder dem i fånga, visualisera, validering och dela sin kunskap påett sätt som är lätt replikerbar i framtiden ger möjlighet att få tillgång till rätt expert med erforderlig expertis i frågaom brist på dokumenterad kunskap. Baserat på fältstudier som genomförts, identifierade jag fjärrsupport ingenjörerbehov av utbyte av sina kunskaper och erfarenheter under felsökning uppgifter. Utformningen av modellen uppnåddesgenom att kombinera teorier om kunskapsinhämtning och tillämpa människa-datorinteraktion visualiseringsverktyg.Slutligen genomförde jag en utvärdering deltagande med experter från industriområden att utvärdera modellen.Resultaten av utvärderingen visar positiv feedback till modellen presenteras och potential för att förbättraeffektiviteten i felsökning.

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Földhazy, Erik. "Smart Hydroponics : Conceptual Design of Hydroponic Plant System for Home Environment." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67827.

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Hydroponics is a method of cultivating plants without the use of soil. Soil acts as a growth medium which gives plants stability, provides nutrients and allows roots to be kept wet without drowning. In hydroponics the soil’s functions are replaced by synthesized methods. Stability comes from a substrate (i.e. LECA, rockwool perlite).The 16 essential nutrients are solved in water which are distributed to plants’ roots by different techniques. To generate photosynthesis natural light is replaced by artificial light, especially red light in the proximity of 660 nm. Hydroponics has been used as a cultivation method for at least 2000 years. During the 20th century industrial applications became common since plastics allowed for complex systems engineering. The method also makes it possible to grow the same amount of crops with approximately 10% water usage and 25% of the area compared to conventional cultivation. During the past few years systems for home use has emerged but the product genre is still in its cradle. This master thesis covers a new conceptual design of a hydroponic home system. The project was carried out at Omecon AB in Stockholm as a consulting design project. Omecon AB is an engineering consultant agency within mostly mechanical construction looking to widen the competence base. Using a design process based on Human-Centered Design the project involved the stakeholders users, extreme users, Omecon AB, plant experts, electronics engineering and service as well as plastics design engineering. Additional/supplemental economical–, ecological– and social sustainability aspects has been considered during all phases of the process. By using the Human-Centered Design process the problem range is expanded from its initial state which results in a more complete end result. Common methodology altered with some unorthodox twists has been utilized throughout the project. The final result is a conceptual hydroponic system for home environment which is designed as an interior design product as well as a high-performance cultivation system. By using natural materials such as wood and steel the users expands its life span and thus mitigates the negative environmental impact. Another aspect which prolongs the products life span is the modular usage which lets users vary and choose their preferred settings. All manufactured materials included in the final concept were flow resources and the parts were engineered to be easily separable for future replacement and recycling. A new type of pot was invented along with a new way of adjusting the height-wise position of lamps. The aeroponic technique, which was applied to this concept, is generally considered to generate the largest plants and thus comprises higher performance compared to other home systems. The use of substrate was also eliminated which decreases continous material consumption within hydroponics.
Hydroponik är en metod för att odla växter utan jord. Jord i odling agerar som ett växtmedium som ger plantor stabilitet, tillför näringsämnen och tillåter rötter att vara i väta utan att dränka dem. I hydroponik ersätts jordens funktioner med syntetiska metoder. Stabilitet ges av ett substrat (t.ex. LECA-kulor, stenull eller perlit). De 16 essentiella näringsämnena löses i vatten och distribueras till plantors rötter med hjälp av olika tekniker. For att skapa fotosyntes ersätts naturligt ljus med artificiellt ljus. Speciellt rött ljus i närheten av 660 nm. Hydroponik har använts som odlingsmetod i åtminstånde 2000 år. Under 1900-talet blev industiella applikationer vanliga eftersom plast möjliggjorde tillverkling av komplexa system. Metoden tillåter även att odla samma mängd grödor med 10% av vattenmängden och 25% av ytan jämfört med konventionell odling. Under de senaste åren har system avsedda för användning hemma blivit vanligare men produktgenren är fortfarande ung. Det här examensarbetet täcker en ny konceptuell design av ett hydroponiskt system för hemmabruk. Projektet utfördes på Omecon AB i Stockholm som ett konsultarbete inom design. Omecon AB är en konsultfirma som mestadels är verksamma inom mekanikkonstruktion men de vill vidga sin kompetens. Genom användning av en designprocess som har baserats på Human-Centered Design har projektet involverat intressenterna användare, extrema användare, Omecon AB, växtexperter, en elektronikingenjör samt plastkonstruktion. Vidare har aspekter inom ekonomisk–, ekologisk– och social hållbarhet beaktats genom alla faser av processen. Via användning av Human-Centered Design-processen har problemrummet expanderats från den initiala utgångspunkten vilket resulterar i ett mer komplett slutresultat. Vanlig metodik varvat med okonventionella anpassningar har använts genom projektet. Slutresultatet består av ett konceptuellt hydroponiskt system för hemmabruk som är designat som en inredningsprodukt samt ett odlingssystem med hög prestanda. Genom användning av naturliga material som trä och stål förlänger användarna produktens livslängd och på så sätt förmildras den negativa klimatpåverkan. En annan aspekt som förlänger produktens livslängd är moduläriteten som låter användare variera och välja deras föredragna inställningar. Alla tillverkade material inkluderade i slutkonceptet var flödesresurser och delarna konstruerades så att de går lätt att separera för framtida ersättning och återvinning. En ny typ av kruka uppfanns tillsammans med ett nytt sätt att justera höjden av lamporna. Den aeroponiska tekniken, som används is konceptet, är allmänt ansedd att generera de största plantorna och innefattar därför högre prestanda jämfört med andra hydroponiska hemmasystem. Användning av substrat eliminerades också vilket minskar kontinuerlig materialkonsumption inom hydroponik.

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Yang, Jeonghwa. "Eden an interactive home network management system /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31755.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: W. Keith Edwards; Committee Member: Blair MacIntyre; Committee Member: David McDonald; Committee Member: Ellen Yi-Luen Do; Committee Member: John Stasko. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Adikari, Sisira. "Usability modelling for requirements engineering /." Canberra, 2008. http://erl.canberra.edu.au/public/adt-AUC20081204.145827/index.html.

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Williams, Andrea E. Gilbert Juan E. "Usability size N." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1386.

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Hilding, Fredrik, and Ella Syk. "User-centric Web-based System for Visualization of NIS-data for Layman Users." Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189178.

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Spatial data is playing a bigger role within many fields outside of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. With more and more users with varying levels of previous spatial analysis experience using this kind of data, there is a growing demand on how this information is best presented to the user. This user-centered design is an increasingly common theme in other adjacent fields, but is still in its infancy in the field of GIS. Currently there is no obvious generalized solution that provides the answer to how to present data, no matter if it is spatial or not. How to present data in a smart and comprehensive way is still an everyday challenge across many fields. The objective of this thesis is to create a prototype of a web based Network Information System (NIS) where the layman user is in the center of the entire design process. This includes both the actual visualizations, but also the choice of tools and the interface design. The prototype is designed around the role of the customer service representative in a utility company using a NIS. This type of layman user is the kind of user that today works in a system that is designed with neither their role nor their GIT experience or training in mind. From this prototype, the efficacy of different visualization techniques on layman users is evaluated, producing more general guidelines for user-centered development directed at layman users. The first step of this user-centered design process is to understand the user. By interviewing users of the system, their current work flows and opinions of their current system are better understood. From this, information about which tools they need, which current features work well and which need revising is gathered. Based on this, a mock-up is created which is then transformed into a prototype. Finally, the prototype is evaluated by the target audience with comments on a presentation as well as a larger survey. The results show that in general the prototype is well-received with regards to existing functionality and how it is presented through the interface design. The implemented visualizations are well understood by most of the expert users, but are less successful with the layman users in the survey. Especially with regards to the icon choices and other point representations, there is a discrepancy between the intended visualization and the perception of the survey takers, which may partly be due to the lack of context presented. An appreciated fact is that the functionality implemented in the prototype is tailored to the requirements put forth by the users. User-centric design processes depend heavily on the developer's understanding of the user and their needs. This is as true for functionality as for visualizations, where familiarity and associations can be both beneficial and detrimental, depending on how well understood they are. Using icons to represent objects is very efficient, as long as the context and the meaning of the icons themselves are well defined and conveyed. Finally, it is imperative to not throw too much information at the user. Whether in the shape of too many tools and options, or by displaying too much on the map, the same clutter-problem occurs. When presenting a situation or a scenario, the core message cannot be obfuscated by unnecessary features, functions or choices.

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Manganelli, Joseph Charles. "Designing complex, interactive, architectural systems with CIAS-DM| A model-based, human-centered, design & analysis methodology." Thesis, Clemson University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3609779.

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The built environment increasingly contributes to improving human health, well-being, and performance in measurable, predictable, and tailorable ways. Achieving high-performance environmental systems requires real-time-interactive sensing, monitoring, actuation, and communication subsystems, as well as real-time interactions of these environmental systems with their users and other internal and external systems. Developing theories, constructs, methods, and tools necessary for designing such high-performance, complex, interactive systems is an active area of research.

This dissertation focused on methods and tools for representing the cognitive and physical affordances of complex, interactive, architectural systems (CIAS). The Complex, Interactive, Architectural Systems Design Methodology (CIAS-DM) was proposed as a method and tool for helping designers uncover and document the scope of proposed CIAS. CIAS-DM was evaluated qualitatively. This project used the design of a `smart' mattress in a patient room `smart' bed/mattress/over-the-bed table ecosystem as the basis for a series of design cases. Fourteen clinicians participated as subject matter experts. Four research associates participated as raters. The results of evaluating CIAS-DM indicate that CIAS-DM is useful for scoping CIAS design challenges. The contributions of this dissertation are: 1) identifying and characterizing CIAS; 2) introducing the systems modeling language (SysML) and a cognitive work analysis (CWA) representational and analytic methods into architecture; 2) mapping constructs and methods from CWA into SysML; and 3) providing these methods and tools in an integrated package appropriate for those designing CIAS.

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Susanto, Novie [Verfasser]. "User-centered design of a cognitive control unit for a self-optimizing assembly system / Novie Susanto." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1066984530/34.

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Malik, Yasir. "Towards Evaluation of Pervasive Computing System." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6020.

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Résumé : L’informatique diffuse est le passage du paradigme informatique vers l’informatique partout. L’émergence couvre principalement l’informatique mobile et distribuée, les réseaux de capteurs, l’interaction homme-machine et l’intelligence artificielle sous l’égide de l’informatique diffuse. Des efforts considérables ont été mis sur les recherches dans ce domaine, mais il n’existe pas de normes ou des méthodologies communément acceptées pour évaluer ces systèmes et de définir des nouvelles orientations de recherche dans le futur. Cette thèse s’attaque au problème d’évaluation des systèmes informatiques ubiquitaires. La question de recherche notamment le quoi et comment évaluer n’a pas encore été résolue. Dans l’objectif de trouver une réponse à cette question et d’élaborer un cadre général d’évaluation, nous avons procédé comme suit. Pour répondre à la première partie de la question, “Quoi évaluer”, nous avons tout d’abord classè les systèmes en se basant sur certains critères, et nous avons défini ensuite les principaux paramètres pour évaluer ces systèmes. Pour ce faire, nous avons étudié différents aspects de l’informatique diffuse et nous les avons classés en onze différents aspects d’évaluation. Pour chaque aspect, nous avons identifiè les principaux paramètres qui peuvent être caractérisés et mesurés. Cette taxonomie n’est pas assez exhaustive, mais elle reflète le schéma de classification le mieux adaptè pour des évaluations effectives. Cependant, pour que l’évaluation soit la plus complète possible, nous avons jugé nécessaire d’incorporer l’utilisateur dans le processus d’évaluation. À cet effet, nous avons proposè un modèle d’évaluation qui prend en compte les besoins de l’utilisateur, le contexte dans lequel la technologie sera utilisée, et l’environnement d’exploitation dans lequel le système va être déployé. Le modèle proposè constitue une première étape vers le développement des directives et standards d’évaluation qui peuvent être utilisés peuvent être utilisées pendant les évaluations formatives et sommatives. Une autre question complémentaire à l’évaluation des performances est la validation fonctionnelle d’un système en cours d’exécution, qui confirme que le système est conforme aux exigences fonctionnelles et ne contient pas de failles. Pour répondre à la deuxième partie de la question à savoir “comment évaluer”, nous avons adoptè les techniques formelles de vérification et de validation. Comme le champ d’application du projet est très large, nous sommes concentrés sur l’évaluation au premier stade de la conception afin de vérifier et de valider l’exactitude fonctionnelle de la conception de systèmes. Pour la preuve de concept, nous avons appliqué deux méthodes, dans la première méthode, nous avons étudié les approches de vérification automatique et nous avons choisi la technique la plus connue qu’est le “model checking” pour vérifier les exigences fonctionnelles d’un système de gestion des médicaments basé sur le contexte pour des personnes âgées dans une maison Intelligente. Cette approche est complémentaire aux tests et à l’évaluation et permet aux concepteurs de vérifier le comportement de leurs systèmes par rapport aux exigences fonctionnelles avant le développement du prototype de système. Certaines propriétés de base, telles que la disponibilité ou la vivacité, l’interblocage, la comparaison des spécifications et implémentations et l’analyse d’accessibilité, sont également vérifiées à ce stade. Dans la deuxième méthode, nous avons étudié les approches de vérification d’exécution et nous avons adoptè la technique de conception par le contrat pour modéliser et vérifier la sémantique et exigences de l’interopérabilité des services dans les environnements intelligents. L’avantage de cette approche réside dans la vérification automatique en temps réel de l’interopérabilité des services dans les environnements intelligents. // Abstract : Summary performance evaluations. The proposed model is a step towards forming standard evaluation guidelines that can be used during formative and summative evaluations. A complementary issue to performance evaluation is functional correctness of a running system, which confirms that the system fulfills its functional requirements and does not contain any flaws. To address the second part of the question that is “ how to evaluate ”, we have adopted the well-known formal verification and validation techniques. As the scope of the project is very big, the focus of this thesis is on early design stage evaluation to verify and validate the functional correctness of the systems design. For the proof-of-concept, we applied two methods: In the first method, we studied automatic verification approaches and used a well-known model checking approach to model and verify the functional requirements of a context aware medication management system for the elderly in a Smart House. This approach is complementary to testing and evaluation, it allows designers to verify their system behavior against its functional requirements before developing the system prototype. Some basic properties like the availability or liveliness, deadlock checking, matching of specification and implementation, and reachability analysis are verified. In the second method, we studied the runtime verification approaches and used design by contract technique to model and verify the semantic and pragmatic service interoperability requirements in smart environments. The analysis of this technique and results are presented. The benefit of the approach is automatic verification of services interoperability in smart environments on the fly.

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Hitchins, Timothy Michael. "Assessing PPGIS Usability and its Relationship to Spatial Data Production: a Case Study." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4521.

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Modern Geoweb-enabled PPGIS methodologies incorporate interactive map applications as the main driver for public engagement and data collection. However, little research explores exactly how the public interact with these applications to produce spatial data, a fact that contributes to criticisms of final data quality. Usability evaluation offers a solution for developing better PPGIS data production systems by identifying problems in the application interface for which the public engage. Drawing on a case study example of a PPGIS application developed to collect socio-spatial data from members of a random public, this paper addresses usability in a three-stage approach. First, controlled experimentation methods capture performance, preference, and data production metrics. Second, visual and statistical analysis of the captured usability data identify problems in the interface. Results indicate that users learned, became efficient, and were generally satisfied with the application, but also committed errors that may have affected data quality. Third, a solution-oriented critique of the application interface suggests new design options to mitigate future problems in similar applications. The paper ends by providing a conceptual framework for usability as it relates to PPGIS data production and incorporates it into an informed discussion on data quality and future research needs for maintaining the viability of PPGIS projects.

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Meza, Katherine. "THE CREATION OF TOOLS AND MODELS TO CHARACTERIZE AND QUANTIFY USER-CENTERED DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN PRODUCT AND SYSTEM DEVELOPM." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3647.

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Ease of use differentiates products in a highly competitive market place. It also brings an added value that culminates in a higher degree of customer satisfaction, repeated business, increased sales, and higher revenue. User-centered design is a strategic asset that companies can use to improve their customer relationships by learning more about their customers, and increase their sales. In today's economy, the measurement of intangible assets such as user experience has become a major need for industries because of the relationship between user-centered design and organizational benefits such as customer loyalty. As companies realize that the inclusion of user-centered design concepts in product or system design are a key component of attracting and maintaining customers, as well as increasing revenue, the need for quantitative methods to describe these benefits has become more urgent. The goal of this research is to develop a methodology to characterize user-centered design features, customer benefits and organizational benefits resulting from developing products using user-centered design principles through the use of an integrated framework of critical factors. Therefore, this research focuses on the identification of the most significant variables required to assess and measure the degree of user-centered design (UCD) characteristics included in the various aspects of product development such as physical design features, cognitive design attributes, industrial design aspects and user experience design considerations. Also this research focuses on the development of assessment tools for developers to use when evaluating the incorporation of user-centered design features in the creation of products and systems. In addition, a mathematical model to quantify the inclusion of UCD factors considered in the design of a product and systems is presented in this research. The results obtained using the assessment tools and the mathematical model can be employed to assess the customer benefits and organizational benefits resulting from including user-centered design features in the creation of products and systems. Overall, organizational benefits such as customer loyalty, company image, and profitability are expected to be impacted by the company's capability to meet or exceed stated design claims and performance consistency while maintaining aesthetic appeal, long product life, and product usefulness. The successful completion of this research has produced many beneficial research findings. For example, it has helped characterize and develop descriptors for estimating critical quantitative and qualitative components, sub-components, and factors influencing user-centered design that are related to customer and organizational benefits through the use of fuzzy set modeling. In addition, the development of specific tools, methods, and techniques for evaluating and quantifying UCD components resulted from this study.
Ph.D.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering PhD

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Kim, Hyungsin. "The ClockMe system: computer-assisted screening tool for dementia." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47516.

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Due to the fastest growing senior population, age-related cognitive impairments, including Alzheimer's disease, are becoming among the most common diseases in the United States. Currently, prevention through delay is considered the best way to tackle Alzheimer's disease and related dementia, as there is no known cure for those diseases. Early detection is crucial, in that screening individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment may delay its onset and progression. For my dissertation work, I investigate how computing technologies can help medical practitioners detect and monitor cognitive impairment due to dementia, and I develop a computerized sketch-based screening tool. In this dissertation, I present the design, implementation, and evaluation of the ClockMe System, a computerized Clock Drawing Test. The traditional Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is a rapid and reliable instrument for the early detection of cognitive dysfunction. Neurologists often notice missing or extra numbers in the clock drawings of people with cognitive impairments and use scoring criteria to make a diagnosis and treatment plan. The ClockMe System includes two different applications - (1) the ClockReader for the patients who take the Clock Drawing Test and (2) the ClockAnalyzer for clinicians who use the CDT results to make a diagnosis or to monitor patients. The contributions of this research are (1) the creation of a computerized screening tool to help clinicians identify cognitive impairment through a more accessible and quick-and-easy screening process; (2) the delivery of computer-collected novel behavioral data, which may offer new insights and a new understanding of a patient's cognition; (3) an in-depth understanding of different stakeholders and the identification of their common user needs and desires within a complicated healthcare workflow system; and (4) the triangulation of multiple data collection methods such as ethnographical observations, interviews, focus group meetings, and quantitative data from a user survey in a real-world deployment study.

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Mahammad, Sarfaraz Ahmad, and Vendrapu Sushma. "Raspberry Pi Based Vision System for Foreign Object Debris (FOD) Detection." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20198.

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Background: The main purpose of this research is to design and develop a cost-effective system for detection of Foreign Object Debris (FOD), dedicated to airports. FOD detection has been a significant problem at airports as it can cause damage to aircraft. Developing such a device to detect FOD may require complicated hardware and software structures. The proposed solution is based on a computer vision system, which comprises of flexible off the shelf components such as a Raspberry Pi and Camera Module, allowing the simplistic and efficient way to detect FOD. Methods: The solution to this research is achieved through User-centered design, which implies to design a system solution suitably and efficiently. The system solution specifications, objectives and limitations are derived from this User-centered design. The possible technologies are concluded from the required functionalities and constraints to obtain a real-time efficient FOD detection system. Results: The results are obtained using background subtraction for FOD detection and implementation of SSD (single-shot multi-box detector) model for FOD classification. The performance evaluation of the system is analysed by testing the system to detect FOD of different size for different distances. The web design is also implemented to notify the user in real-time when there is an occurrence of FOD. Conclusions: We concluded that the background subtraction and SSD model are the most suitable algorithms for the solution design with Raspberry Pi to detect FOD in a real-time system. The system performs in real-time, giving the efficiency of 84% for detecting medium-sized FOD such as persons at a distance of 75 meters and 72% efficiency for detecting large-sized FOD such as cars at a distance of 125 meters, and the average frame per second (fps) that is the system ’s performance in recording and processing frames of the area required to detect FOD is 0.95.

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Park, Minho. "Ontology-based customizable 3D modeling for simulation." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010095.

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Weigel, Lauren Jean Liu Tsai Lu. "A user-centered approach integrating an interactive product system into the design of a grocery shopping experience." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1947.

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Gustafsson, Joakim. "Hur utformar man framtidens transportsystem genom en användarcentrerad designprocess?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22015.

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Examensarbetet handlar om att utforska och utveckla det framtidsvisonära transportsystemet ”GTS Transportsystem” framtaget av GTS Stiftelsen. Detta med hjälp av frågeställningen: Hur ser framtidens GTS Transportsystem ut i ett användarcentrerat perspektiv? Inom en designprocess genomfördes ett omfattande researcharbete för att skapa en förståelse för vilka behov och krav som borde tillgodoses i det framtida transportsystemet. GTS studerades och analyserades för att få en djupare förståelse kring deras visioner, idéer, tekniska lösningar och hur väl genomtänkt de olika delarna var. Intervjuer med målgruppen människor med funktionsnedsättning, synliggjorde olika typer av problem som uppstår i dagens jämförbara transportsystem. Med hjälp av intervjudata och en analys kunde tre fiktiva personas skapas med tillhörande scenarier. En analys av ett framtida GTS scenario ledde till att problem kunde identifieras som sedan låg till grund för vidare arbete med framtagning av olika problemområden. Problemområdet som sedan valdes var stationer och hållplatser (i uppsatsen benämnd Terma). En idégenereringsfas ledde till nya idéer kring flöden, funktioner, gates och arkitektur. Det slutliga resultatet blev ett framtida Terma-koncept med en genomgående utformning för tillgänglighet, trygghet och innovation. I konceptet skapades en gate med fokus på säkerhet, en funktionell och öppen planlösning som förenklar resandet, samt en ny lösning kring kabinernas flöden runt och över byggnaden. Allt detta för att en framtida resa i GTS skall fungera säkert och smidigt.
The research was conducted in order to contribute to the general body of knowledge regarding the prospective transport system GTS Transport System developed by GTS Foundation. This dissertation will explore and further develop the GTS system. This was achieved with the research question: How does the future GTS Transport System look in a user-centered design perspective? In a design process, a deep and comprehensive research laid the foundation in order to create an understanding of the needs and demands that would need to be fulfilled for the future transport system. The GTS Transport System was carefully studied and analyzed in order to reach a deeper understanding around its visions, ideas and technical solutions. Further it was studied in order to determine how well thought through the different feature where. Interviews were conducted with a target group of people having a disability; this disclosed certain problems with today’s transport systems. With the support of the data gathered and an analysis, three fictive personas where created with associated scenarios. An analysis of a future GTS scenario led to the discovery of certain problems and laid the foundation for further establishing areas in need of improvements. The areas that were chosen where stations and stopping places (in the dissertation called Terma). An idea-generating phase led to new ideas about flow, functions, gates and architecture. The results of the dissertation led to a concept about how the future transport Terma may be designed. With secure available and innovative gates, a well thought through layout that is available and safe for the people using the transport system. A new concept of flows where created which enabled the vessels to move around and over the building. This results in a smooth and safe travel experience.

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Hendrickse, Christopher Justin. "Development of the user input system for the control room upgrade of Southern African Large Telescope (SALT)." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2394.

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Thesis (MTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
Whether one is fascinated by the night sky as a child, or as a professional astronomer looking back to the beginning of time solving life’s big questions; at some point in our lives we have curiously looked up at the heavens above. The desire to explore the universe has lead us to constructing larger and more advanced telescopes, with the sole focus of observing deeper into the cosmos in an attempt to unravel its secrets. Like with most other technological advances, it has created advanced and technically complex control rooms. Based on a design ethnographic study this thesis will focus on the exploration of the effects of complex interfaces of a control room environment and its users, where one of the leading twenty first century telescopes of its kind, Southern Africa Largest Telescope (SALT), is studied. While the STS framework and policy debates concerning the rapid development and integration of complex human and non-human systems into larger systems become common practice. The design ethnographic study revealed that the operation of the SALT telescope and the research being conducted by the astronomers is clearly hindered by poor control room design. The study identified relationships between the framework and the empirical findings, which was used to frame a design pilot study to determine if further design intervention would have a positive impact on the interaction of a control room system. This project will consist of: a literature review, an ethnographic study and the analysis of the findings, design framing of a pilot study, a design pilot study, and an evaluation of the study. The results from the design pilot study clearly show that the application of a design intervention to a control room environment could potentially impact the space positively and reduced frustration, improve comfort, increased efficiency in the users work practices, and ultimately amplified productivity. Providing an appropriate starting point for the exploration of possible solutions for identified challenges experienced in complex control room environments, more importantly it contributed to narrowing the socio-technical gap, between the mechanical and research departments of a leading international optical telescope, SALT.

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Futerman, Rael Glen. "Design for collaboration in South Africa : an activity theory perspective on participatory design." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2268.

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Thesis (DTech (Design))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
Participatory Design (PD) is increasingly being used as a methodology by local government, private designers and design researchers in the Western Cape, South Africa, to democratise the design of product service systems (PSS). Activity theory, specifically Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) offers PD researchers and practitioners involved in the collaborative design and development of socio-technical PSS’s an interpretive lens through which to a) identify existing and potential contradictions and tensions within and between work activity systems for design interventions, and b) provide designers with a conceptual model of investigation. In the last decade participatory development studies have interrogated public participation and approaches to the involvement of civil society in their own development, essentially embracing a shift from passive participation to active participation. PD and participatory development share a number of beliefs, methodologies and goals. This thesis explores the potential of CHAT in contributing to the extension of PD practices, beyond a workplace focus and into the sociotechnical development of communities at large. Legacy projects and activities - those aimed at extending the impact of emergent design and innovation - arising out of Cape Town’s designation as World Design Capital 2014 often require community-based participatory design (CbPD) and the development of socio-technical PSS through holistic approaches, centred around participant needs, activities and aspirations. This approach can contribute to social capital and more active citizenry. The research presented in this thesis draws from an in-depth CbPD project based in an informal settlement in Cape Town, South Africa. The project focussed on solid waste management (SWM) work and life activities and resulted in co-designed PSS solutions. Based in a quad-helix partnership between local government, the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, private designers and the community members themselves, this project a) tested CHAT in the fields of CbPD and PSS design, identifying tensions and contradictions as opportunities for design intervention and, b) produced conceptual and process models, which blend CHAT and service design, for further testing in the design of socio-technical PSS. The overall result is a homegrown methodology for CbPD

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Sohaib, Amir Khan Muhammad, and Tariq Ashraf. "Tentative Interaction Design Principles for the Design of Online Booking Systems." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20382.

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We see this world rich with culture, emotion, and human connections. The human built world can afford a sense of beauty, sublimity, and resonance, and through our advancements in technology also bringing the advancements in society. At the center of these advancements are interactions, conversations, connections, collaborations, and relationships, within and across multiple disciplines, with and without technology. For the last decades, as the computer technologies have been developing, the importance of human-computer systems interaction problems are also growing with the passage of time. This is not only because of the computer systems performance and characteristics have been improved, but also due to the growing number of computer users and of their expectations about general computer systems capabilities as universal tools for human work and life facilitation. Interface design is important for several reasons and the current growth of the different web applications are characterized by an increasing availability of online different services or products trading and different search facilities like flight search web sites, provided by most commercial airlines. In this study we will therefore create an understanding of the most important interaction design principles for the designers of online booking systems. The research methodology used in the research is design and creation. The method components used in this study are documents and interviews. The theoretical study has identified some important aspects covering the human computer interaction, usability of interactive interface, user feedback and the user-centered design approach for the development of such online booking systems. These aspects have been verified through the three interviews with the interviewees having different experience levels. The result shows that the interaction design is really important in designing of interactive online booking system. Therefore, the designers of such systems need to have an understanding of the most important design principles like the usability and functionality of the system, the approach should be iterative in design, provide proper feedback, minimum steps in booking process, risk management, and user-centered approach should be included in your design principles. It is also important for the designers of online booking systems to be aware of the usability factor of the system. The cognitive psychology is also vital for designers to understand how users think and perceive things. Designers need to have a good balance between context and graphics of the interface of such systems. The result also has been shown in the design of prototype with the most important interaction design principles and other factors.
Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik

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Arab, Maki Alireza, and Zadeh Navid Shariat. "Design and Development of a Maintenance Knowledge-Base System Based on Common KADS Methodology." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-50383.

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The objective of this thesis is to design and develop a knowledge base model to support the maintenance system structure. The aim of this model is to identify the failure modes which are the heart of maintenance system through the functional analysis and then serves as adecision support system to define the maintenance tasks and finally to implement a preventive maintenance task. This knowledge base management system is suitable to design and develop maintenance system since it encompasses all necessary steps in maintenance area. Moreover, it is capable of being integrated with other knowledge base systems. The structure and the environment of this knowledge base system is flexible to allow users to deploy different kinds of tools which they will. It is also a well structured approach to develop, debug, upgrade and trace. In this thesis, the CommonKADS methodology is used as the knowledge base methodology. At the first step, a knowledge base system is developed to create the maintenance system infrastructure. To implement this, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) has been chosen as the method to design a maintenance system. In order to make it more specified, a Spindlesubsystem is taken as a case study to make the model clearer. Secondly, another knowledge base system is developed for decision making process to select the suitable maintenance task and finally, a general knowledge base model is developed for condition-based monitoring onSpindle. In chapter 1, background, previous works and gap analysis have been surveyed. Then in chapter 2 the methodology and tools have been discussed and described. Design and development the knowledge base for maintenance system is described in detail in chapter 3 and finally in chapter 4, the conclusion and the future works are presented.

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Bonfim, Gabriel Henrique Cruz. "Avaliação de força de preensão manual e teste de usabilidade em embalagens com tampas de segurança : parâmetros para o design ergonômico /." Bauru, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110863.

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Orientador: Luis Carlos Paschoarelli
Banca: José Carlos Plácido da Silva
Banca: Paulo Kawauchi
Resumo: É muito importante que os aspectos ergonômicos como segurança, conforto e bem estar sejam considerados na manipulação de objetos para que contemplem as capacidades física e mental dos usuários, bem como características variadas, como gênero e idade. As embalagens são exemplo de interfaces manuais comuns do cotidiano, dentro desse exemplo encontram-se as Embalagens Especiais de Proteção à Criança (EEPCs) que necessitam de mais de um movimento para serem abertas, o que pode levar o usuário a ter sérias dificuldades na tentativa de abertura, gerando constrangimentos principalmente naqueles com menores capacidade biomecânicas, como as mulheres ou os idosos. Por isso, o design de embalagens deve estar atento aos requisitos ergonômicos a fim de disponibilizar produtos que sejam confiáveis e seguros. No caso das EEPCs, elas devem ser ao mesmo tempo acessíveis a idosos e de difícil acesso para crianças. No Brasil, tais embalagens não são obrigatórias, mas podem ser encontradas em diversos produtos, como por exemplo os enxaguantes bucais que se utilizam de uma tampa com sistema de abertura do tipo aperte e gire (squeeze and turn). Entretanto, muitos estudos mostram que essas embalagens difíceis de abrir, especialmente por parte dos idosos. Por esse motivo, esse estudo objetivou avaliar e analisar a influência do design na usabilidade e na aplicação de forças manuais durante uma simulação de abertura de enxaguantes bucais com tampas de proteção. Para isso foi realizado um teste de usabilidade com 67 sujeitos de diferentes gêneros e faixas etárias, utilizando três embalagens de enxaguantes bucais com diferentes formatos. Também foi realizada uma avaliação biomecânica (preensão de torque), em atividades simuladas com 113 indivíduos de diferentes gêneros e faixas etárias, utilizando as mesmas embalagens. Os resultados mostram que a embalagem com maior tampa oferece as melhroes condições de usabilidade e...
Abstract: It is very important that the ergonomic aspects such as safety, comfort and well-being be considered in manipulating objects to contemplate the physical and mental skills of the users as well as various characteristics, such as gender and age. Packages are examples of common manual interfaces of everyday life, among those examples are the Child Resistant packaging (CRP) that require more of one movement to be opened, which leads the user to serious difficulties in opening, causing embarrassment especially in those people with lower biomechanical capabilities, such as women or the elderly. Therefore, the packaging design should be aware of the ergonomic requirements in order to develop products that are reliable and secure. In the case of CRP, they must be bath accessible to elderly and inaccessible to children. In Brazil, such packages are nat mandatory, but they can be found in several products, such as mauthwashes with a squeeze-and-turn cap system. However, many studies have shown that those packages are considered difficult to open, especially to the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and analyze the influence of the design in usability and the application of manual forces during an opening simulation of mouthwashes with squeeze-and-turn caps. So, a usability test, with 67 subjects of different genders and age group, was performed using three packages of mouthwashes with different shapes. A biomechanical evaluation (grip torque) was also performed in a simulated task with 113 individuals of different genders and age group, using the same packages. The results showed that the package with the largest cap affers the best of usability and force application, mainly due to the design of the cap, because its size allows better visualization of the opening instructions, that cap also has grooves only at the places where it should be pressed, which provides greater friction between cap and fingers, enabling a higher application...
Mestre

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Bonfim, Gabriel Henrique Cruz [UNESP]. "Avaliação de força de preensão manual e teste de usabilidade em embalagens com tampas de segurança: parâmetros para o design ergonômico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/110863.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-02T11:16:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-03Bitstream added on 2014-12-02T11:21:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000798731.pdf: 6789576 bytes, checksum: 05117e1498078132ab9979012dcbce1b (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
É muito importante que os aspectos ergonômicos como segurança, conforto e bem estar sejam considerados na manipulação de objetos para que contemplem as capacidades física e mental dos usuários, bem como características variadas, como gênero e idade. As embalagens são exemplo de interfaces manuais comuns do cotidiano, dentro desse exemplo encontram-se as Embalagens Especiais de Proteção à Criança (EEPCs) que necessitam de mais de um movimento para serem abertas, o que pode levar o usuário a ter sérias dificuldades na tentativa de abertura, gerando constrangimentos principalmente naqueles com menores capacidade biomecânicas, como as mulheres ou os idosos. Por isso, o design de embalagens deve estar atento aos requisitos ergonômicos a fim de disponibilizar produtos que sejam confiáveis e seguros. No caso das EEPCs, elas devem ser ao mesmo tempo acessíveis a idosos e de difícil acesso para crianças. No Brasil, tais embalagens não são obrigatórias, mas podem ser encontradas em diversos produtos, como por exemplo os enxaguantes bucais que se utilizam de uma tampa com sistema de abertura do tipo aperte e gire (squeeze and turn). Entretanto, muitos estudos mostram que essas embalagens difíceis de abrir, especialmente por parte dos idosos. Por esse motivo, esse estudo objetivou avaliar e analisar a influência do design na usabilidade e na aplicação de forças manuais durante uma simulação de abertura de enxaguantes bucais com tampas de proteção. Para isso foi realizado um teste de usabilidade com 67 sujeitos de diferentes gêneros e faixas etárias, utilizando três embalagens de enxaguantes bucais com diferentes formatos. Também foi realizada uma avaliação biomecânica (preensão de torque), em atividades simuladas com 113 indivíduos de diferentes gêneros e faixas etárias, utilizando as mesmas embalagens. Os resultados mostram que a embalagem com maior tampa oferece as melhroes condições de usabilidade e...
It is very important that the ergonomic aspects such as safety, comfort and well-being be considered in manipulating objects to contemplate the physical and mental skills of the users as well as various characteristics, such as gender and age. Packages are examples of common manual interfaces of everyday life, among those examples are the Child Resistant packaging (CRP) that require more of one movement to be opened, which leads the user to serious difficulties in opening, causing embarrassment especially in those people with lower biomechanical capabilities, such as women or the elderly. Therefore, the packaging design should be aware of the ergonomic requirements in order to develop products that are reliable and secure. In the case of CRP, they must be bath accessible to elderly and inaccessible to children. In Brazil, such packages are nat mandatory, but they can be found in several products, such as mauthwashes with a squeeze-and-turn cap system. However, many studies have shown that those packages are considered difficult to open, especially to the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and analyze the influence of the design in usability and the application of manual forces during an opening simulation of mouthwashes with squeeze-and-turn caps. So, a usability test, with 67 subjects of different genders and age group, was performed using three packages of mouthwashes with different shapes. A biomechanical evaluation (grip torque) was also performed in a simulated task with 113 individuals of different genders and age group, using the same packages. The results showed that the package with the largest cap affers the best of usability and force application, mainly due to the design of the cap, because its size allows better visualization of the opening instructions, that cap also has grooves only at the places where it should be pressed, which provides greater friction between cap and fingers, enabling a higher application...
CAPES: 303138/2010-6
CNPq: 473235/2011-0

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46

Shah, Anuj P. "Analysis of transformations to socio-technical systems using agent based modeling and simulation." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29399.

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Benda, Klara. "Designing the Sakai Open Academic Environment: A distributed cognition account of the design of a large scale software system." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52233.

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Social accounts of technological change make the flexibility and openness of interpretations the starting point of an argument against technological determinism. They suggest that technological change unfolds in the semantic domain, but they focus on the social processes around the interpretations of new technologies, and do not address the conceptual processes of change in interpretations. The dissertation presents an empirically grounded case study of the design process of an open-source online software platform based on the framework of distributed cognition to argue that the cognitive perspective is needed for understanding innovation in software, because it allows us to describe the reflexive and expansive contribution of conceptual processes to new software and the significance of professional epistemic practices in framing the direction of innovation. The framework of distributed cognition brings the social and cognitive perspectives together on account of its understanding of conceptual processes as distributed over time, among people, and between humans and artifacts. The dissertation argues that an evolving open-source software landscape became translated into the open-ended local design space of a new software project in a process of infrastructural implosion, and the design space prompted participants to outline and pursue epistemic strategies of sense-making and learning about the contexts of use. The result was a process of conceptual modeling, which resulted in a conceptually novel user interface. Prototyping professional practices of user-centered design lent directionality to this conceptual process in terms of a focus on individual activities with the user interface. Social approaches to software design under the broad umbrella of human-centered computing have been seeking to inform the design on the basis of empirical contributions about a social context. The analysis has shown that empirical engagement with the contexts of use followed from conceptual modeling, and concern about real world contexts was aligned with the user-centered direction that design was taking. I also point out a social-technical gap in the design process in connection with the repeated performance challenges that the platform was facing, and describe the possibility of a social-technical imagination.

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Xiao, Jun. "Empirical Studies on Embodied Conversational Agents." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14080.

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A great deal of effort has been put into developing Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) systems that provide a human-like assistant in the user interface. However, little is known whether improvements to ECA interfaces made by such efforts can ever be significant from the users point of view. I studied user experiences with ECA interfaces and evaluated the ECA style of interaction with respect to user expectation, perception, behavior and performance. I introduce a conceptual framework that offers a holistic view of the design space of ECA systems. I also have created a middleware toolkit that facilitates rapid development of application content across different speech and animation platforms. A series of user studies has been carried out to investigate the similarities and differences between human-computer interaction and human-ECA interaction and between human-ECA interaction and human-human interaction. Results from these studies provide strong evidence that people are consciously aware of the capabilities and limitations of ECAs. Traditional GUI design heuristics should be carefully followed when designing ECA interfaces. Furthermore, the results soundly suggest that designers of ECA interfaces take extra care to accommodate individual differences and preferences. Social norms that guide human-human interaction greatly affect individuals expectation and perception of ECA characteristics. The findings support the argument that drawing from both human-computer interaction and human-human interaction can be significantly advantageous to the design of both effective and affective human-ECA interaction.

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Linder, Johan. "How to Develop a Help System for a Communication App." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-120537.

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This study aimed to develop a help system for a communication app, identify usability issues regarding that help system and develop redesigns to improve it. The focus was to maximize perceived usefulness and minimize perceived annoyance of the help system. During the study two design proposals were developed and two user tests, which used low-fidelity prototypes. were performed to evaluate the design proposals. The first design proposal was evaluated in the first user test, thereafter an iteration of that design was developed based on the usability issues found in the user test. This iteration of the design was the second design proposal which were evaluated in the second user tests. Both design proposals and data from both user tests were analysed to- gether which resulted in seven recommendation that aimed to maximize perceived usefulness and minimize perceived annoyance when developing a help system for a communication app. Due to a lack of generalizability these recommendations should however be used with caution since they are mainly applicable to the system evaluated in this study. They can however be used as an inspi- ration and a starting point for someone designing a help system for an other communication app.

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Gowda, Vidya. "Credibility of a Person-Centered Design Decision-making Prototype: Spaces for Older Persons with Vision Loss." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81388.

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Decline in both visual acuity and visual performance is a fact of life for older people and their increasing share of the population requires that buildings be designed with their visual needs in mind. As their field of vision decreases, people find it harder to identify an objects location, distance, and orientation. Elderly people with vision impairments usually find it harder to perform daily activities such as navigation through indoor spaces. Functional vision can be improved by modifying the design of spaces, for example, with better lighting. However, architects typically do not know how to take the needs of the visually impaired into account in their design process, or simply do not think of doing so. The researcher designed and feasibility-tested a prototype person-centered tool to help architects judge how appropriate a designed space will be for visually impaired people. The study was conducted as a qualitative mixed-methodology research analysis. The researcher used knowledge from literature interpretation to rationalize the development of a person-centered prototype. The researcher immersed design PhD students and vision science experts to inform the prototyping process. Along with an expert group of design and vision science professionals, the researcher beta-tested the prototype during a mock design-process scenario. The researcher also selected a small group of industry experts to participate in open-ended interviews on post-use demonstrations to qualitatively triangulate the findings on the prototypes usability. The study summarizes the feasibility including the challenges of using the prototype for professional purposes and suggests improvement.
Ph. D.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Centered system design'

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