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Journal articles on the topic 'Central aortic blood pressure, Pulse wave reflection, Augmentation Index'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Edwards, David G., Matthew S. Roy, and Raju Y. Prasad. "Wave reflection augments central systolic and pulse pressures during facial cooling." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 6 (2008): H2535—H2539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01369.2007.

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Cardiovascular events are more common in the winter months, possibly because of hemodynamic alterations in response to cold exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute facial cooling on central aortic pressure, arterial stiffness, and wave reflection. Twelve healthy subjects (age 23 ± 3 yr; 6 men, 6 women) underwent supine measurements of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), brachial artery blood pressure, and central aortic pressure (via the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform by radial artery applanation tonometry and generalized transfer functi

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Horton, William B., Linda A. Jahn, Lee M. Hartline, Kevin W. Aylor, James T. Patrie, and Eugene J. Barrett. "Insulin increases central aortic stiffness in response to hyperglycemia in healthy humans: A randomized four-arm study." Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 18, no. 2 (2021): 147916412110110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14791641211011009.

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Introduction: Increasing arterial stiffness is a feature of vascular aging that is accelerated by conditions that enhance cardiovascular risk, including diabetes mellitus. Multiple studies demonstrate divergence of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in persons with diabetes mellitus, though mechanisms responsible for this are unclear. Materials and methods: We tested the effect of acutely and independently increasing plasma glucose, plasma insulin, or both on hemodynamic function and markers of arterial stiffness (including carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentat

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3

Mullan, Brian A., Ciaran N. Ennis, Howard J. P. Fee, Ian S. Young, and David R. McCance. "Protective effects of ascorbic acid on arterial hemodynamics during acute hyperglycemia." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 3 (2004): H1262—H1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00153.2003.

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Mortality increases when acute coronary syndromes are complicated by stress-induced hyperglycemia. Early pulse wave reflection can augment central aortic systolic blood pressure and increase left ventricular strain. Altered pulse wave reflection may contribute to the increase in cardiac risk during acute hyperglycemia. Chronic ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation has recently been shown to reduce pulse wave reflection in diabetes. We investigated the in vivo effects of acute hyperglycemia, with and without AA pretreatment, on pulse wave reflection and arterial hemodynamics. Healthy male voluntee

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Castro, Juan M., Victoria García-Espinosa, Santiago Curcio, et al. "Childhood Obesity Associates Haemodynamic and Vascular Changes That Result in Increased Central Aortic Pressure with Augmented Incident and Reflected Wave Components, without Changes in Peripheral Amplification." International Journal of Vascular Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3129304.

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The aims were to determine if childhood obesity is associated with increased central aortic blood pressure (BP) and to characterize haemodynamic and vascular changes associated with BP changes in obese children and adolescents by means of analyzing changes in cardiac output (stroke volume, SV), arterial stiffness (aortic pulse wave velocity, PWV), peripheral vascular resistances (PVR), and net and relative contributions of reflected waves to the aortic pulse wave amplitude. We included 117 subjects (mean/range age: 10 (5–15) years, 49 females), who were obese (OB) or had normal weight (NW). Pe

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Tryfonos, Andrea, Filippos Christodoulou, George M. Pamboris, Stephanos Christodoulides, and Anastasios A. Theodorou. "Short-Term L-Citrulline Supplementation Does Not Affect Blood Pressure, Pulse Wave Reflection, or Arterial Stiffness at Rest and during Isometric Exercise in Older Males." Sports 11, no. 9 (2023): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports11090177.

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Hypertension and arterial stiffness are significant factors contributing to cardiovascular disease. L-citrulline, a nitric oxide precursor, has been proposed as a nutritional, non-pharmacological blood pressure-lowering intervention. This study aimed to investigate the impact of L-citrulline on central and peripheral blood pressure, pulse wave reflection, and central arterial stiffness at rest and during an isometric knee extension exercise protocol. Twelve older males received 6 g of L-citrulline or a placebo for six days using a double-blind crossover design. Blood hemodynamics parameters (i

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Barnes, Jill N., Darren P. Casey, Casey N. Hines, Wayne T. Nicholson, and Michael J. Joyner. "Cyclooxygenase inhibition augments central blood pressure and aortic wave reflection in aging humans." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, no. 12 (2012): H2629—H2634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00032.2012.

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The augmentation index and central blood pressure increase with normal aging. Recently, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, commonly used for the treatment of pain, have been associated with transient increases in the risk of cardiovascular events. We examined the effects of the COX inhibitor indomethacin (Indo) on central arterial hemodynamics and wave reflection characteristics in young and old healthy adults. High-fidelity radial arterial pressure waveforms were measured noninvasively by applanation tonometry before (control) and after Indo treatment in young (25 ± 5 yr, 7 men and 6 women) and

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Heffernan, Kevin S., Sae Young Jae, Kenneth R. Wilund, Jeffrey A. Woods, and Bo Fernhall. "Racial differences in central blood pressure and vascular function in young men." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 6 (2008): H2380—H2387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00902.2008.

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Young African-American men have altered macrovascular and microvascular function. In this cross-sectional study, we tested the hypothesis that vascular dysfunction in young African-American men would contribute to greater central blood pressure (BP) compared with young white men. Fifty-five young (23 yr), healthy men (25 African-American and 30 white) underwent measures of vascular structure and function, including carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery β-stiffness via ultrasonography, aortic pulse wave velocity, aortic augmentation index (AIx), and wave reflection trav

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SAVAGE, M. Tessa, Charles J. FERRO, Sarah J. PINDER, and Charles R. V. TOMSON. "Reproducibility of derived central arterial waveforms in patients with chronic renal failure." Clinical Science 103, no. 1 (2002): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1030059.

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Arterial stiffness potently predicts mortality in dialysis patients. Pulse-wave analysis permits the non-invasive assessment of indices of arterial stiffness and the central pressure waveform by applanation tonometry. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of pulse-wave analysis in patients with chronic renal failure. A total of 188 subjects (23 healthy controls, along with 71 pre-dialysis, 67 dialysis and 27 transplant patients) took part. Duplicate measurements were recorded of brachial blood pressure using the semi-automated Omron 705 device and of the radial artery pressur

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VAN DIJK, Robert A. J. M., Frans J. VAN ITTERSUM, Nico WESTERHOF, Els M. VAN DONGEN, Otto KAMP, and Coen D. A. STEHOUWER. "Determinants of brachial artery mean 24 h pulse pressure in individuals with Type II diabetes mellitus and untreated mild hypertension." Clinical Science 102, no. 2 (2002): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1020177.

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Brachial artery pulse pressure is a predictor of (cardiovascular) morbidity, but its determinants in individuals with Type II diabetes and untreated mild hypertension have not been elucidated. We therefore cross-sectionally investigated determinants of brachial artery mean 24h pulse pressure in 60 individuals (40 males; age, mean±S.D., 57.8±7.5 years) with Type II diabetes [median diabetes duration (interquartile range), 6.3 (3.6-10.1) years] and untreated mild hypertension [sitting blood pressure >140/90mmHg and <190/120mmHg (mean of two consecutive auscultatory office measurements afte

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Casey, Darren P., Darren T. Beck, and Randy W. Braith. "Progressive Resistance Training Without Volume Increases Does Not Alter Arterial Stiffness and Aortic Wave Reflection." Experimental Biology and Medicine 232, no. 9 (2007): 1228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/0703-rm-65.

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Endurance exercise is efficacious in reducing arterial stiffness. However, the effect of resistance training (RT) on arterial stiffening is controversial. High-intensity, high-volume RT has been shown to increase arterial stiffness in young adults. We tested the hypothesis that an RT protocol consisting of progressively higher intensity without concurrent increases in training volume would not elicit increases in either central or peripheral arterial stiffness or alter aortic pressure wave reflection in young men and women. The RT group ( n = 24; 21 ± 1 years) performed two sets of 8–12 repeti

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Kokhan, Elizaveta, Gayrat Kiyakbaev, and Zhanna Kobalava. "IMPACT OF SEX ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AORTIC WAVE REFLECTION AND LEFT ATRIAL FUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION." Journal of Hypertension 42, Suppl 1 (2024): e316-e317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0001022796.55189.f7.

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Objective: Hypertension is the leading cause of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the exact mechanism of the relation between high blood pressure and arrhythmia is still incompletely understood. Although the systolic loading sequence likely affects ventriculoatrial coupling, the data concerning the relationship between central aortic pressure and left atrial (LA) function including depending on sex is scarce. Purpose: To assess the impact of sex on the association between aortic wave reflection parameters and LA function in patients with AF and hypertension. Design and method: 45 men and 46 w

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Franzen, Klaas F., Moritz Meusel, Julia Engel, Tamara Röcker, Daniel Drömann, and Friedhelm Sayk. "Differential Effects of Angiotensin-II Compared to Phenylephrine on Arterial Stiffness and Hemodynamics: A Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Humans." Cells 10, no. 5 (2021): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10051108.

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The α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE) and Angiotensin II (Ang II) are both potent vasoconstrictors at peripheral resistance arteries. PE has pure vasoconstrictive properties. Ang II, additionally, modulates central nervous blood pressure (BP) control via sympathetic baroreflex resetting. However, it is unknown whether Ang II vs. PE mediated vasoconstriction at equipressor dose uniformly or specifically modifies arterial stiffness. We conducted a three-arm randomized placebo-controlled cross-over trial in 30 healthy volunteers (15 female) investigating the effects of Ang II compared to

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Tai, Yu Lun, Erica M. Marshall, Alaina Glasgow, Jason C. Parks, Leslie Sensibello, and J. Derek Kingsley. "Pulse wave reflection responses to bench press with and without practical blood flow restriction." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, no. 4 (2019): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0265.

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Resistance exercise is recommended to increase muscular strength but may also increase pulse wave reflection. The effect of resistance exercise combined with practical blood flow restriction (pBFR) on pulse wave reflection is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in pulse wave reflection characteristics between bench press with pBFR and traditional high-load bench press in resistance-trained men. Sixteen resistance-trained men participated in the study. Pulse wave reflection characteristics were assessed before and after low-load bench press with pBFR (LL-pBFR), tr

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Husmann, Marc, Vincenzo Jacomella, Christoph Thalhammer, and Beatrice R. Amann-Vesti. "Markers of arterial stiffness in peripheral arterial disease." Vasa 44, no. 5 (2015): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000452.

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Abstract. Increased arterial stiffness results from reduced elasticity of the arterial wall and is an independent predictor for cardiovascular risk. The gold standard for assessment of arterial stiffness is the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Other parameters such as central aortic pulse pressure and aortic augmentation index are indirect, surrogate markers of arterial stiffness, but provide additional information on the characteristics of wave reflection. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterised by its association with systolic hypertension, increased arterial stiffness, distur

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Lieber, Ari, Sandrine Millasseau, Laurent Bourhis, et al. "Aortic wave reflection in women and men." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 299, no. 1 (2010): H236—H242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00985.2009.

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Augmentation index (AIx), a marker of the number of aortic wave reflections (AWRs), is influenced not only by the magnitude of incident and reflected pressure waves but also by the time of return. A new triangulation method has been developed, enabling us to better quantify AWRs and to determine their sex differences, which may relate to body size or pulse pressure (PP) amplification, measured from the brachial PP-to-carotid PP (B/C) ratio. With the use of pulse wave analysis, AWRs were evaluated in 51 women and 72 men treated for hypertension and studied in relationship to age, blood pressure

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Edwards, David G., Amie L. Gauthier, Melissa A. Hayman, Jesse T. Lang, and Robert W. Kenefick. "Acute effects of cold exposure on central aortic wave reflection." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 4 (2006): 1210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01154.2005.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of acute cold exposure on the timing and amplitude of central aortic wave reflection and central pressure. We hypothesized that cold exposure would result in an early return of reflected pressure waves from the periphery and an increase in central aortic systolic pressure as a result of cold-induced vasoconstriction. Twelve apparently healthy men (age 27.8 ± 2.0 yr) were studied at random, in either temperate (24°C) or cold (4°C) conditions. Measurements of brachial artery blood pressure and the synthesis of a central aortic pressure wavef

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Kahkashan, Nudrath, Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin, Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari, Safia Sultana, Farah Fatima, and Syyeda Anees. "Variation in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation pressure and augmentation index during different phases of menstrual cycle." Annals of Medical Physiology 2, no. 3 (2018): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23921/amp.2018v2i3.10454.

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Physiological variation of estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle is well known. They not only have an effect on blood pressure control, but also seem to have a role in regulating arterial compliance. This study was done to find out whether there are any changes in central arterial parameters during different phases of menstrual cycle. Thirty female subjects in the age group of 18-22 years with normal, regular menstrual cycles participated in this prospective observational study at our teaching hospital. Anthropometric parameters were recorded. Blood pressure in all 4 limbs was recor

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Kahkashan, Nudrath, Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin, Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari, Safia Sultana, Farah Fatima., and Syyeda Anees. "Variation in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation pressure and augmentation index during different phases of menstrual cycle." Annals of Medical Physiology 2, no. 3 (2018): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.23921/amp.2018v2i3.10454.

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Physiological variation of estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle is well known.  They not only have an effect on blood pressure control, but also seem to have a role in regulating arterial compliance. This study was done to find out whether there are any changes in central arterial parameters during different phases of menstrual cycle. Thirty female  subjects  in the  age  group  of  18-22  years  with  normal,  regular menstrual  cycles  participated in this prospective observational study at our teaching hospital. An

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Salvi, Paolo, Filippo Valbusa, Anna Kearney-Schwartz, et al. "Non-Invasive Assessment of Arterial Stiffness: Pulse Wave Velocity, Pulse Wave Analysis and Carotid Cross-Sectional Distensibility: Comparison between Methods." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 8 (2022): 2225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082225.

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Background: The stiffening of large elastic arteries is currently estimated in research and clinical practice by propagative and non-propagative models, as well as parameters derived from aortic pulse waveform analysis. Methods: Common carotid compliance and distensibility were measured by simultaneously recording the diameter and pressure changes during the cardiac cycle. The aortic and upper arm arterial distensibility was estimated by measuring carotid–femoral and carotid–radial pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively. The augmentation index and blood pressure amplification were derived fro

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Fedorishina, O. V., K. V. Protasov, and A. M. Torunova. "THE EFFECT OF STATIN ADDED TO ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 3, no. 5 (2018): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2018-3.5.4.

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Background.Little is known about the effect of statins addition to standard antihypertensive therapy on blood pressure level and vascular stiffness in high-risk hypertensive patients.The aimof the study was to assess the dynamics of vascular stiffness in hypertensive patients of high or very high cardiovascular risk under the influence of rosuvastatin addition to combined two-component amlodipine and lisinopril antihypertensive therapy.Materials and methods.We investigated 60 hypertensive patients who were randomized into two groups: the 1st group received a fixed amlodipine/lisinopril combina

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Harvey, Ronée E., Jill N. Barnes, Emma C. J. Hart, Wayne T. Nicholson, Michael J. Joyner, and Darren P. Casey. "Influence of sympathetic nerve activity on aortic hemodynamics and pulse wave velocity in women." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 312, no. 2 (2017): H340—H346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00447.2016.

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Central (aortic) blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and sympathetic nerve activity increase with age in women. However, it is unknown if the age-related increase in sympathetic activity influences aortic hemodynamics and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), an index of central aortic stiffness. The goal of this study was to determine if aortic hemodynamics and cfPWV are directly influenced by sympathetic nerve activity by measuring aortic hemodynamics, cfPWV, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in women before and during autonomic ganglionic blockade with trimethaphan camsyla

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Edwards, David G., Corey R. Mastin, and Robert W. Kenefick. "Wave reflection and central aortic pressure are increased in response to static and dynamic muscle contraction at comparable workloads." Journal of Applied Physiology 104, no. 2 (2008): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00541.2007.

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We determined the effects of static and dynamic muscle contraction at equivalent workloads on central aortic pressure and wave reflection. At random, 14 healthy men and women (23 ± 5 yr of age) performed a static handgrip forearm contraction [90 s at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)], dynamic handgrip contractions (1 contraction/s for 180 s at 30% MVC), and a control trial. During static and dynamic trials, tension-time index was controlled by holding peak tension constant. Measurements of brachial artery blood pressure and the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform (by radi

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Thessa, I., Sang Ouk Wee, Georgios Grigoriadis, Elizabeth Schroeder, Tracy Baynard, and Bo Fernhall. "P145 Central Hemodynamic Response to Lower Body Negative Pressure in Individuals with Down Syndrome." Artery Research 25, S1 (2019): S181. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/artres.k-191224.165.

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Abstract Introduction Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have autonomic dysfunction, which impacts heart rate and blood pressure regulation. Initial evidence also suggests an impaired ability to peripherally vasoconstrict during lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Given the relationship between vessel caliber and wave reflection, this may alter central hemodynamics and hemodynamic load. We aimed to investigate aortic hemodynamics and wave reflection during LBNP in individuals with DS and controls. Methods Radial applanation tonometry was performed on 15 individuals with DS (male n = 12, age

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Holewijn, Suzanne, Jenske J. M. Vermeulen, Majorie van Helvert, Lennart van de Velde, and Michel M. P. J. Reijnen. "Changes in Noninvasive Arterial Stiffness and Central Blood Pressure After Endovascular Abdominal Aneurysm Repair." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 28, no. 3 (2021): 434–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15266028211007460.

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Purpose: To evaluate the impact of elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) on the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and central pressure waveform, through 1-year follow-up. Materials and Methods: A tonometric device was used to measure cfPWV and estimate the central pressure waveform in 20 patients with an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm scheduled for elective EVAR. The evaluated central hemodynamic parameters included the central pressures, the augmentation index (AIx), and the subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR). AIx quantifies the contribution of reflected wave to the

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Panchenkova, L. A., L. A. Andreeva, K. A. Khamidova, T. E. Yurkova, and A. I. Martynov. "ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: FOCUS ON DAILY PROFILES OF CENTRAL AORTIC PRESSURE AND VASCULAR STIFFNESS." Eurasian heart journal, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.38109/2225-1685-2016-3-6-12.

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Purpose: to evaluate the parameters of the central aortic pressure and arterial stiffness during the day in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) with metabolic syndrome (MS) Material and methods: The study included 48 subjects divided into 2 groups: 23 (47,9%) subjects with AH, 25 (52,1%) subjects with AH with MS (AH+MS). Control group (CG) were 22 practically healthy subjects. All the subjects underwent examination ABPM with oscillometric sensor (BPLabVasotens, Russia) with assessment CAP (systolic blood pressure, SBPao; diastolic blood pressure DBPao; pulse pressure,PPao; Augmentation in

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Hametner, Bernhard, Hannah Kastinger, and Siegfried Wassertheurer. "Simulating re-reflections of arterial pressure waves at the aortic valve using difference equations." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 234, no. 11 (2020): 1243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411920942704.

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Re-reflections of arterial pressure waves at the aortic valve and their influence on aortic wave shape are only poorly understood so far. Therefore, the aim of this work is to establish a model enabling the simulation of re-reflection and to test its properties. A mathematical difference equation model is used for the simulations. In this model, the aortic blood pressure is split into its forward and backward components which are calculated separately. The respective equations include reflection percentages representing reflections throughout the arterial system and a reflection coefficient at

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Mironova, S. A., Yu S. Yudina, M. A. Ionov, et al. "Novel biomarkers of kidney injury and fibrosis in patients with different severity of hypertension: relation to vascular reactivity and stiffness." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 1 (February 9, 2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2019-1-44-51.

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Aim. To compare the relationships between conventional and new potentially more early investigational biomarkers (urine and ultrasound) of kidney injury and central aortic blood pressure, vascular stiffness and reactivity, endothelial dysfunction in patients with different severity of hypertension.Material and methods. Urine levels NGAL, KIM-1, L-FABP, albuminuria and serum levels of сystatin C and creatinine were measured in 92 hypertensive patients with mild and severe hypertension, 46 male (mean age 50,7±12,2 years). Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the level of serum creatinine

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Tan, Isabella, Hosen Kiat, Edward Barin, Mark Butlin, and Alberto P. Avolio. "Effects of pacing modality on noninvasive assessment of heart rate dependency of indices of large artery function." Journal of Applied Physiology 121, no. 3 (2016): 771–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00445.2016.

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Studies investigating the relationship between heart rate (HR) and arterial stiffness or wave reflections have commonly induced HR changes through in situ cardiac pacing. Although pacing produces consistent HR changes, hemodynamics can be different with different pacing modalities. Whether the differences affect the HR relationship with arterial stiffness or wave reflections is unknown. In the present study, 48 subjects [mean age, 78 ± 10 (SD), 9 women] with in situ cardiac pacemakers were paced at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 beats per min under atrial, atrioventricular, or ventricular pacing. At

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Kim, Jin-Su, and Moon-Hyon Hwang. "Acute Effect of Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Arterial Stiffness in Fine Particulate Matter Environment: A Pilot Study." Exercise Science 30, no. 2 (2021): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2021.30.2.257.

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PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the effect of one bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness under ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure.METHODS: In a randomized crossover design, seven healthy young men performed 30 minutes of treadmill running at 70% of heart rate peak under high PM2.5 and low PM2.5 exposure. Arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, a measure of pulse wave reflection before and after each exercise intervention.RESULTS: Regardless of the PM2.5 exposure, brachial systolic

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Figueroa, Arturo, Arun Maharaj, Sarah A. Johnson, Stephen M. Fischer, Bahram H. Arjmandi, and Salvador J. Jaime. "Exaggerated Aortic Pulse Pressure and Wave Amplitude During Muscle Metaboreflex Activation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients." American Journal of Hypertension 33, no. 1 (2019): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpz135.

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Abstract Background Peripheral mean arterial pressure (MAP) responses to muscle metaboreflex activation using postexercise muscle ischemia (PEMI) in type 2 diabetes patients (T2D) are contradictory. Given that aortic pulse pressure (PP) and wave reflections are better indicators of cardiac load than peripheral MAP, we evaluated aortic blood pressure (BP) and wave amplitude during PEMI. METHODS Aortic BP and pressure wave amplitudes were measured at rest and during PEMI following isometric handgrip at 30% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in 16 T2D and 15 controls. Resting aortic stiffness (c

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Doupis, John, Nikolaos Papanas, Alison Cohen, Lyndsay McFarlan, and Edward Horton. "Pulse Wave Analysis by Applanation Tonometry for the Measurement of Arterial Stiffness." Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal 10, no. 1 (2016): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874192401610010188.

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The aim of our study was to investigate the association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse wave analysis (PWA)-derived measurements for the evaluation of arterial stiffness. A total of 20 (7 male and 13 female) healthy, non-smoking individuals, with mean age 31 ± 12years were included. PWV and PWA measurements were performed using a SphygmoCor apparatus (Atcor Medical Blood Pressure Analysis System, Sydney Australia). PWV significantly correlated with all central aortic haemodynamic parameters, especially with pulse pressure (PP) (p < 0.0001), augmentation index corrected for 75 pu

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Cheng, Chun-Yu, Hao-Min Cheng, Shih-Pin Chen, et al. "White matter hyperintensities in migraine: Clinical significance and central pulsatile hemodynamic correlates." Cephalalgia 38, no. 7 (2017): 1225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102417728751.

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Background The role of central pulsatile hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of white matter hyperintensities in migraine patients has not been clarified. Methods Sixty patients with migraine (20–50 years old; women, 68%) without overt vascular risk factors and 30 demographically-matched healthy controls were recruited prospectively. Cerebral white matter hyperintensities volume was determined by T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with CUBE-fluid-attenuated-inversion-recovery sequences. Central systolic blood pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, and carotid augmentation index were m

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Segers, P., J. De Backer, D. Devos, et al. "Aortic reflection coefficients and their association with global indexes of wave reflection in healthy controls and patients with Marfan's syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, no. 6 (2006): H2385—H2392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01207.2005.

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Early return of reflected pressure waves increases the load on central arteries and may increase the risk of aortic rupture in patients with Marfan's syndrome (MFS). To assess whether wave reflection is elevated in MFS, we used ultrasound and MRI to measure central pressure and flow waveforms in 26 patients (13–54 yr of age) and 26 age- and gender-matched controls. Aortic systolic and diastolic cross-sectional areas were measured at the ascending and descending aorta (AA and DA), diaphragm (DIA), and lower abdominal aorta (AB). From these measurements, local characteristic impedance ( Z0- xx)

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Hope, Sarah A., David B. Tay, Ian T. Meredith, and James D. Cameron. "Waveform dispersion, not reflection, may be the major determinant of aortic pressure wave morphology." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, no. 6 (2005): H2497—H2502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00411.2005.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the determinants of aortic pressure waveform morphology in the thoracoabdominal aorta with specific reference to features of potential prognostic value for cardiovascular disease. In particular, we aimed to determine the location of major pressure wave reflection sites within the aorta. Aortic pressure waveforms were acquired with 2-Fr Millar Mikro-tip catheter transducers in 40 subjects (26 men, 14 women), and repeated in 10 subjects, at five predetermined points within the aorta: aortic root, transverse arch, and at the levels of the diaphragm,

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Schultz, Martin G., Alun D. Hughes, Justin E. Davies, and James E. Sharman. "Associations and clinical relevance of aortic-brachial artery stiffness mismatch, aortic reservoir function, and central pressure augmentation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 309, no. 7 (2015): H1225—H1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00317.2015.

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Central augmentation pressure (AP) and index (AIx) predict cardiovascular events and mortality, but underlying physiological mechanisms remain disputed. While traditionally believed to relate to wave reflections arising from proximal arterial impedance (and stiffness) mismatching, recent evidence suggests aortic reservoir function may be a more dominant contributor to AP and AIx. Our aim was therefore to determine relationships among aortic-brachial stiffness mismatching, AP, AIx, aortic reservoir function, and end-organ disease. Aortic (aPWV) and brachial (bPWV) pulse wave velocity were measu

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Figueroa, Arturo, Stacey Alvarez-Alvarado, Salvador J. Jaime, and Roy Kalfon. "l-Citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men." British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 2 (2016): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516001811.

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AbstractCombined isometric exercise or metaboreflex activation (post-exercise muscle ischaemia (PEMI)) and cold pressor test (CPT) increase cardiac afterload, which may lead to adverse cardiovascular events. l-Citrulline supplementation (l-CIT) reduces systemic arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)) at rest and aortic haemodynamic responses to CPT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of l-CIT on aortic haemodynamic and baPWV responses to PEMI+CPT. In all, sixteen healthy, overweight/obese males (age 24 (sem 6) years; BMI 29·3 (sem 4·0) kg/m2) were randoml

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Tarumi, Takashi, Muhammad Ayaz Khan, Jie Liu, et al. "Cerebral Hemodynamics in Normal Aging: Central Artery Stiffness, Wave Reflection, and Pressure Pulsatility." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 34, no. 6 (2014): 971–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.44.

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Blood ejected from the left ventricle perfuses the brain via central elastic arteries, which stiffen with advancing age and may elevate the risk of end-organ damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of central arterial aging on cerebral hemodynamics. Eighty-three healthy participants aged 22 to 80 years underwent the measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CBF velocity (CBFV) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transcranial Doppler, respectively. The CBF pulsatility was determined by the relative amplitude of CBFV to the mean value (CBFV%). Central arterial st

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Gurevich, Aleksandra P., Ay-churek O. Sagynbaeva, Igor V. Emelyanov, et al. "ONE-YEAR CHANGES IN ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND CENTRAL AORTIC PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH AORTIC ANEURYSM AFTER ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR." Journal of Hypertension 42, Suppl 1 (2024): e242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0001021960.22320.04.

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Objective: To assess the dynamics of arterial stiffness and central blood pressure (CBP) and investigate the factors affecting them in thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms patients with hypertension one year after [thoracic] endovascular aneurysm repair ([T]EVAR). Design and method: Patients older 18 y.o. without clinically significant arrhythmias were included. Before [T]EVAR and a year later, the following examination was performed: measurement of peripheral blood pressure and CBP, heart rate (HR), augmentation index (AIx), central pulse height at the point of maximum rise of direct pulse

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DEARY, Alison J., Anne L. SCHUMANN, Helen MURFET, Stephen HAYDOCK, Roger S. FOO, and Morris J. BROWN. "Influence of drugs and gender on the arterial pulse wave and natriuretic peptide secretion in untreated patients with essential hypertension." Clinical Science 103, no. 5 (2002): 493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1030493.

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Recent studies have suggested a differential influence of mean pressure and pulse pressure on myocardial infarction and stroke, and differences among the major drugs in their efficacy at preventing these individual endpoints. We hypothesized that antihypertensive drugs have differing influences upon the pulse wave even when their effects on blood pressure are the same. We studied 30 untreated hypertensive patients, aged 28—55 years, who were rotated through six 6-week periods of daily treatment with amlodipine 5mg, doxazosin 4mg, lisinopril 10mg, bisoprolol 5mg, bendrofluazide 2.5mg or placebo

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Gurevich, A. P., I. V. Emelyanov, M. V. Ionov, A. G. Vanyurkin, M. A. Chernyavsky, and A. O. Conradi. "Changes of vascular stiffness and central blood pressure after endovascular aneurysm repair in patients with hypertension. Results of one-year follow-up." Russian Journal of Cardiology 28, no. 12 (2023): 5645. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2023-5645.

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Aim. To assess the changes of arterial stiffness, central blood pressure (CBP), and determine the factors potentially influencing them in patients with descending thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm, in combination with hypertension, one year after endovascular aneurysm repair ((T)EVAR).Material and methods. Patients ≥18 years of age without clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias were included. Before surgery and a year later, we determined peripheral blood pressure, heart rate (HR), CBP, augmentation index (AIx), pressure at the point of maximum rise of the direct pulse wave (PT1h), ti

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Solanki, Jayesh Dalpatbhai, Sunil J. Panjwani, Ravi Kanubhai Patel, Devanshi Nishantbhai Bhatt, Param Jagdeep Kakadia, and Chinmay J. Shah. "Assessment of Arterial Stiffness, Brachial Haemodynamics, and Central Haemodynamics in Diabetic Hypertensives: A Pulse Wave Analysis-Based Case-Control Study from an Urban Area of West India." Pulse 9, no. 3-4 (2021): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000519357.

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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes frequently coexist, imposing significant cardiovascular risk that is normally studied in terms of brachial blood pressure (bBP). Direct and superior parameters like central haemodynamics and arterial stiffness are studied scarcely. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) offers a non-invasive measurement of the same that we studied in diabetic hypertensives. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We conducted a case-control study on 333 treated diabetic hypertensive cases and 333 euglycaemic normotensiv

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Heusinkveld, Maarten H. G., Tammo Delhaas, Joost Lumens, et al. "Augmentation index is not a proxy for wave reflection magnitude: mechanistic analysis using a computational model." Journal of Applied Physiology 127, no. 2 (2019): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00769.2018.

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The augmentation index (AIx) is deemed to capture the deleterious effect on left ventricular (LV) work of increased wave reflection associated with stiffer arteries. However, its validity as a proxy for wave reflection magnitude has been questioned. We hypothesized that, in addition to increased wave reflection due to increased pulse wave velocity, LV myocardial shortening velocity influences AIx. Using a computational model of the circulation, we investigated the isolated and combined influences of myocardial shortening velocity vs,LV and arterial stiffness on AIx. Aortic blood pressure wavef

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Gurevich, A. P., I. V. Emelyanov, M. A. Boyarinova, et al. "Arterial stiffness and central aortic blood pressure in patients with hypertension and abdominal aortic aneurysm." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 28, no. 3 (2022): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2022-28-3-243-252.

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Objective. To assess the arterial stiffness, peripheral and central aortic blood pressure (PBP and CBP), and to determinate their relationships with indicators of structural changes of the affected aorta in patients with hypertension (HTN) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).Design and methods. We examined 75 patients with HTN and AAA and 75 controls with HTN without AAA. Groups matched by age and gender. A PBP was measured by OMRON (Japan). Noninvasive measurements of CBP, augmentation index (AIx), augmentation pressure (AP), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) were assessed by Sphyg

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Szczepaniak-chichel, Ludwina, Dawid Lipski, Pawel Uruski, and Andrzej Tykarski. "PROFILE OF CENTRAL AORTIC BLOOD PRESSURE, AUGMENTATION INDEX AND PULSE PRESSURE AMPLIFICATION IN PREECLAMPSIA AND UNCOMPLICATED HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY." Journal of Hypertension 42, Suppl 1 (2024): e321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0001022848.80406.83.

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Objective: The objective of our study was to assess the differences in profile of central aortic blood pressure and other pulse wave analysis parameters of arterial stiffness between healthy pregnancy, uncomplicated pregnancy hypertension (HT) and women with preeclampsia (HT+PE). Design and method: In a prospective longitudinal study we have examined 241 pregnant women admitted between 2017 and 2023 to outpatient clinic and gave their consent to participate. On monthly visits throughout pregnancy, and 6-8 weeks, 6 months and 1 year postpartum on each occasion after at least 10 min rest brachia

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Omboni, Stefano, Igor N. Posokhov, and Anatoly N. Rogoza. "Evaluation of 24-Hour Arterial Stiffness Indices and Central Hemodynamics in Healthy Normotensive Subjects versus Treated or Untreated Hypertensive Patients: A Feasibility Study." International Journal of Hypertension 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/601812.

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Objective. Central blood pressure (BP) and vascular indices estimated noninvasively over the 24 hours were compared between normotensive volunteers and hypertensive patients by a pulse wave analysis of ambulatory blood pressure recordings.Methods. Digitalized waveforms obtained during each brachial oscillometric BP measurement were stored in the device memory and analyzed by the validated Vasotens technology. Averages for the 24 hours and for the awake and asleep subperiods were computed.Results. 142 normotensives and 661 hypertensives were evaluated. 24-hour central BP, pulse wave velocity (P

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Papaioannou, T. G., J. P. Lekakis, A. G. Dagre, et al. "Arterial Compliance is an Independent Factor Predicting Acute Hemodynamic Performance of Intra-aortic Balloon Counterpulsation." International Journal of Artificial Organs 24, no. 7 (2001): 478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880102400710.

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Data concerning the effect of arterial compliance (AC) on hemodynamics during intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) are lacking. This study examines the effect of AC on acute hemodynamics induced by IABC in 15 patients with post-infarction cardiogenic shock. AC was estimated by aortic pulse wave analysis using the reflection time index (RTI). Measurements were obtained once per day during IABC. The % reduction in systolic aortic pressure (ΔSAP), end-diastolic aortic pressure (ΔEDAP) and the peak aortic diastolic augmentation (PADA) were used as performance indices of IABC; 107 sets of m

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Heffernan, Kevin S., James E. Sharman, Eun Sun Yoon, Eui Jin Kim, Su Jin Jung, and Sae Young Jae. "Effect of increased preload on the synthesized aortic blood pressure waveform." Journal of Applied Physiology 109, no. 2 (2010): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00196.2010.

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In the present study, we examined the influence of preload augmentation via passive leg elevation (PLE) on synthesized aortic blood pressure, aortic augmentation index (AIx), and aortic capacitance (a reflection of aortic reservoir function). Central and peripheral hemodynamics were measured via tonometry with a generalized transfer function in 14 young, healthy men (age = 24 yr). Aortic blood flow was calculated from the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) velocity-time integral (VTI) using standard two-dimensional echocardiographic-Doppler techniques. Measures were made in the supine posit

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Zagidullin, N. Sh, R. Kh Zulkarneev, E. S. Scherbakova, Yu F. Safina, and Sh Z. Zagidullin. "Arterial stiffness as a cardiovascular events risk marker and possibilities for its downregulation by contemporary antihypertensive medications." Kazan medical journal 95, no. 4 (2014): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj1847.

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Arterial blood pressure measured by Korotkov’s method is a non-valid predictor for possible cardiovascular events, which requires introduction of new methods of arterial hypertension diagnostics. Recently, the effect on arterial stiffness has become a very important characteristic of antihypertensive drugs overall efficacy. Evaluation of arterial stiffness (central aortic pressure, augmentation index and pulse wave velocity) contributes to more precise cardiovascular risk stratification and reflects target organ damage and the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment. In particular, pulse w

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Boardman, Henry, Katherine Birse, Esther F. Davis, et al. "Comprehensive multi-modality assessment of regional and global arterial structure and function in adults born preterm." Hypertension Research 39, no. 1 (2015): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hr.2015.102.

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Abstract Preterm birth is associated with higher blood pressure, which could be because preterm birth alters early aortic elastin and collagen development to cause increased arterial stiffness. We measured central and conduit artery size and multiple indices of arterial stiffness to define the extent and severity of macrovascular changes in individuals born preterm. A total of 102 young adults born preterm and 102 controls who were born after an uncomplicated pregnancy underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance on a Siemens 1.5 T scanner to measure the aortic cross-sectional area in multiple

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Claessens, Philip Jan, Ruth Peeters, Louis Claessens, Christophe Claessens, Jan Claessens, and Philip Maria Claessens. "Pulse wave analysis measurements: important, underestimated and undervalued parameters in cardiovascular health problems." Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 10 (November 2, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1266258.

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BackgroundCentral aortic stiffness is established as a reliable measure of cardiovascular disease. While pulse wave velocity (PWV) analysis measures arterial distensibility, risk profile of cardiovascular diseases can be expanded with following pulse wave analysis measurements: central aortic systolic blood pressure (CABPS), central aortic pulse pressure (CAPP), central aortic reflection magnitude (CARM), central aortic augmented pressure (CAAP) and central aortic augmentation index (CAAIx). The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness and importance of pulse wave analysis meas

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