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Journal articles on the topic 'Central Asian geopolitics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Koch, Natalie. "Grounding Central Asian Geopolitics." Geopolitics 19, no. 1 (2014): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2014.883129.

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Tolipov, Farkhod. "TWO HEARTLANDS THEORY AND CENTRAL ASIAN CHOICE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSENSUS 2, no. 2 (2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0788-2021-2-1.

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The articlepresents the new theoretical approach to modern geopolitics. It argues that nowadays both old and new Heartlands coexist and clash with each other. This is the struggle betweenimperial and autocratic world –on one side, and free and democratic world –on the other side. Both have geopolitical background and strength. The analysis of the context of development of Central Asian region and geopolitical trends it is exposed to reveals profound challenge of choice between two Heartlands. This analysis also contributes to existing arsenal of the theory of International Relations

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Puri, Madan Mohan. "Central Asian geopolitics: The Indian view." Central Asian Survey 16, no. 2 (1997): 237–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634939708400986.

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Huasheng, Zhao. "Central Asian Geopolitics and China's Security." Strategic Analysis 33, no. 4 (2009): 475–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09700160902930979.

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Jaiswal, Sakshi. "Geopolitics in Caspian Sea and Central Asian Region." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 4 (2018): 2264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.4386.

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Kukeyeva, Fatima. "Risks and Opportunities for Central Asian Countries in the Context of New Geopolitics." Journal of Political Science: Bulletin of Yerevan University 4, no. 1(10) (2025): 11–29. https://doi.org/10.46991/jops/2025.4.10.011.

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The article analyzes the main risks and opportunities for the Central Asian countries in the context of new geopolitical transformations. In this sense, the geopolitical landscape of Central Asia in the period from 2022 to 2024 is undergoing significant changes that affect regional stability and global interaction. The article examines Central Asia in terms of strategic importance and vulnerability to external pressure, influenced by various global initiatives and changing power dynamics. The countries of the region face a number of risks, such as economic instability, dependence on external e

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Ionova, E. "Kyrgyzstan in Cenral Asian Geopolitics." Russia and New States of Eurasia, no. 3 (2023): 78–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2023-3-78-93.

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At present, despite the economic weakness and rather high level of domestic political conflict in Kyrgyzstan, its importance as an object of foreign policy of the world’s leading players is growing. Sanctions pressure from the West may slow down the development of trade cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Kyrgyz Republic, but this will not be critical for the development of relations between the two countries because of their diversity. The growing influence of China and Turkey leads to increased competition between the leading partners of Kyrgyzstan, which allows the republic t

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Atif, Abdul Wali. "The Geopolitical Location of Afghanistan: Opportunities and Challenges in Relations with South and Central Asian Countries." ATJSS 1, no. 1 (2024): 58–65. https://doi.org/10.63476/atjss.v1i1.50.

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The geopolitical location of Afghanistan is crucial for Central Asian and South Asian countries, as it provides opportunities and challenges for connectivity. Afghanistan's geopolitical location is significant in the Central Asian Era, as bordering countries exploit its natural resources, rivers, and possibilities. Afghanistan was the only mandatory corridor for empires like Genghis Khan, the Safavids, the Alexandrians, the British, the Russians, and the USA. The geopolitical location of Afghanistan has been a significant factor in regional cooperation organizations, reducing turbulences in th

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Atif, Abdul Wali. "The Geopolitical Location of Afghanistan: Opportunities and Challenges in Relations with South and Central Asian Countries." ATJSS 1, no. 1 (2024): 58–66. https://doi.org/10.63476/atjss.v1i1.64.

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The geopolitical location of Afghanistan is crucial for Central Asian and South Asian countries, as it provides opportunities and challenges for connectivity. Afghanistan's geopolitical location is significant in the Central Asian Era, as bordering countries exploit its natural resources, rivers, and possibilities. Afghanistan was the only mandatory corridor for empires like Genghis Khan, the Safavids, the Alexandrians, the British, the Russians, and the USA. The geopolitical location of Afghanistan has been a significant factor in regional cooperation organizations, reducing turbulences in th

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10

DE, BARUN. "Central and Northwest Asian Geopolitics in Post-USSR International Relations." Jadavpur Journal of International Relations 1, no. 1 (1995): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973598495110003.

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SANTOS, Jonathan Christian Dias dos. "AMERICAN REVERSAL AND TALIBAN SUCCESS: WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE NEW CHAPTER OF THE AFGHAN HISTORY FOR THE CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES?" Boletim de Conjuntura (BOCA) 8, no. 23 (2021): 20–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5610311.

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After two decades on Afghan territory the United States and its allies departed the country in August 2021. They left behind many uncertainties and challenges for a region with vast cultural baggage and a strategic geographical position that has historically been coveted by various geopolitical actors. This essay attempts to reflect on the challenges that Central Asia has with the new phase experienced in neighboring Afghanistan, which is again under the power of the Taliban group.

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Abdulxayovna, Xakimova Maxruya, Baratov Rashid Usarovich, and Rustamov Ilkhom Tursunovich. "Water diplomacy and geopolitics: restoration and development." International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 5, no. 3 (2025): 13–19. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/volume05issue03-04.

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The present article delves into the political processes concerning water in Central Asia, with a specific focus on Uzbekistan, spanning from ancient times to the contemporary era. The analysis is based on research findings from various scientific literature sources. The agricultural, livestock, and artisanal activities of the Central Asian population have historically been intertwined with water resources. Furthermore, the geopolitical theories of N. Spykman and H. Mackinder, such as the Heartland and Rimland models, have been meticulously examined. In the current global context, water-related

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Ahmad Khan, Shabir. "Russia and China in the Shifting Geopolitics of Central Asia and Implications for Pakistan." Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia 12, no. 2 (2023): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/reg.2023.a936451.

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Abstract: The post-1991 geopolitical conftguration of the Central Asian region has once again undergone considerable change. The Russia-Ukraine war, US/NATO withdrawal, the consolidated nation and statehood of the Central Asian republics, China's economic rise in the neighborhood, the Taliban takeover of Kabul, and the regional connectivity plans of Central Asia's two giant neighbors, Russia and China, are just a few important hallmarks of the region's shifting geopolitics. Russia and China have developed a mutual understanding and cooperative arrangement in Central Asia that has gained additi

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Adil Rana Rajpoot and Sharyl Naeem. "Geopolitics of Energy Pipelines: Case Study of TAPI and IP gas Pipelines." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 8 (2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.529.

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This research is about the acute energy crisis being faced by Pakistan since decades. Energy crisis has exploited Pakistan economically, socially, domestically and internationally. As, gas is the cheapest source of energy production so IP and TAPI gas pipelines projects are of greatest significance for Pakistan and for South Asian and Central Asian regions, as well. Qualitative research method is used to conduct this research. This study will explain the history and current situation of IP and TAPI gas pipelines projects, along its feasibility aspects. This research will analyze that how IP an

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Yerimpasheva, A. T., R. Ye Tarakbaeva, A. M. Myzakhmetova, and P. M. Chabal. "The imperative of Central Asian integration: path to sustainable development." Bulletin of "Turan" University, no. 1 (March 24, 2025): 102–14. https://doi.org/10.46914/1562-2959-2025-1-1-102-114.

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In the context of growing globalization, there comes an awareness of the importance of integration processes, especially for those countries that, due to geographical features, do not have access to the sea, and geopolitical ones remain a raw materials appendage. The countries of Central Asia (CA) – Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Turkmenistan, are increasingly perceived as a region that has significant prospects for becoming an independent player in the international arena. The purpose of the scientific study is to identify strategic priorities and provide a compre

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Huan, Cao. "Sino-American-Russian Competition and Cooperation in Central Asia: Through the Optics of Game Theory." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 49 (2024): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2024.49.74.

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Geopolitical games of great powers influence the global and regional situation. Since the end of the Cold War, Central Asia has become the focus of the world's attention as an independent geopolitical unit. China, the United States and Russia, as three important centers in the world, have subsequently formulated the Central Asian strategy according to their interests, and Central Asia has become a playing field for great power games. Based on the literature analysis, this paper presents two game theory models, “stag hunt game” and “truel”, and analyzes the rivalry and cooperation of China, the

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Misiągiewicz, Marcin. "Energy Security of People’s Republic of China – Western dimension." Facta Simonidis 6, no. 1 (2013): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/fs.234.

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Central Asia is becoming more significant politically and economically because of its geopolitical position in Eurasia. It probably contains some of the largest undeveloped oil and gas reserves in the world. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the newly-independent Central Asian states became open to foreign investments. The region can play an important role in the diversification of oil and gas supplies and consequently in global energy security. There are many external actors that want to be active and influential in Central Asia’s energy geopolitics. China is one of the most prominent p

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Huda, Mirza Sadaqat. "The geopolitics of energy regionalism in central Asia and south-east Asia." International Affairs 101, no. 4 (2025): 1279–99. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiaf072.

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Abstract Energy infrastructures have become key points of competition and cooperation within the multiple regionalism agendas driven by great power rivalries in central Asia and south-east Asia. Yet central Asia and south-east Asia have received little attention within scholarship on energy regionalism, while comparative analyses on the development of the Belt and Road Initiative and the Free and Open Indo-Pacific in these regions are also lacking. To address these research gaps, this article examines the mutual constitution between energy regionalism and geopolitical rivalries between great p

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Makhmutov, R. R., and A. A. Saliev. "Socialization of Islam In The Geopolitics of Central Asia." Communicology 10, no. 3 (2022): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21453/2311-3065-2022-10-3-54-66.

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The paper examines the socialization of Islam in the context of geopolitical processes with an emphasis on the socio-cultural component of interstate interactions in Central Asia. Based on a review of the current state of the processes of religious socialization and religious policy in the Central Asian republics, the authors conclude that these processes in the countries of the region within the framework of the EAEU are most productive when using new communicative approaches that allow stopping destructive and radical religious trends, rather than hushing them up, or ignoring. The uniqueness

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Sehrish Furyal, Dr. Muhammad Bahar Khan, and Dr. Muhammad Rizwan. "South Asian Oceanic Belt: A Fertile Region for Super Powers’ Geopolitical Monopole Interests’ Cultivation and Marketing." GUMAN 7, no. 3 (2024): 429–39. https://doi.org/10.63075/guman.v7i3.856.

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Due to its strategic important location and economic and defense position whole Asia specially, South Asian region along with its Oceanic Belt is a fertile region for Super powers’ geopolitical monopoly interests’ cultivation and market because it produces raw material as well as labor power immensely. Both raw material and labor power are necessary for industrial progress and enhancement. To achieve this precious but cheap wealth, under some secret policies global powers had been playing monopoly game. This global game specially to extend the Indo-Pak mutual animosities has played a central r

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Suhartini, Ayu, Dian Permata Pratiwi, Jorshy Amanda Sudarno, Paulus Anggiat Siregar, Shybill Natalia De Queljoe, and Syahrir Roni Geyasra. "EKSISTENSI JEPANG DAN TIONGKOK DALAM GEOPOLITIK ENERGI DI ASIA TENGAH." Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies 2, no. 1 (2019): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/japs.v2i1.1068.

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Abstract In addition to its existence stretching along Silk Road between Europe and East Asia which later made it theheart of Euroasia, the Central Asia region is also a region rich in energy resources, specifically oil and naturalgas. These two factors then brought the region of Central Asia to develop into the second largest oil and gasproducing region in the world, after the Middle East. This makes the Central Asian region as an arena as well asa battle theater for energy interests between western countries, Russia, China, Japan, South Asian countries andthe Middle East. Japan and Chi

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22

Ahmad, Parvaiz, and Bawa Singh. "Sino-Pakistan Friendship, Changing South Asian Geopolitics and India’s Post-Obama Options." South Asia Research 37, no. 2 (2017): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728017700184.

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In the context of changing global geopolitics, South Asia as a global pivot amongst major regions and powers has recently acquired a more central geostrategic position. China and Pakistan have long been sharing strong political, cultural and economic relations and are portrayed as all-weather friends, amplifying their engagement to secure their respective specific interests within and outside the region. This Sino-Pakistan link has been treating India as a collective target, with China acting contrary to India’s interests also in light of rising Indo-US strategic leverage. Against this complex

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23

Auken, B., and A. Кushkumbayev. "TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS CONNECTIVITY OF CENTRAL ASIA IN AN ERA OF GLOBAL INSTABILITY." Qogam jane Dauir 81, no. 1 (2024): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52536/2788-5860.2024-1.05.

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Today the world is experiencing geopolitical turbulence and economic recession. During this period, due to its geographical location, Central Asia plays an increasingly important role in the global economy and geopolitics. This scientific article explores the interconnectedness of the Central Asian region in the transport and logistics aspect in the conditions of modern instability. The article analyzes the factors influencing the transport and logistics infrastructure of the region and how it adapts to the challenges of our time. Particular attention is paid to changes within the region and i

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Zhorobekov, Zh Zh, Sh A. Barpiev, and E. M. Sarypbekov. "CONTRADICTIONS OF STAKEHOLDER PLAYERS ON WATER ISSUES IN CENTRAL ASIA." Vestnik of the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University 24, no. 11 (2024): 191–96. https://doi.org/10.36979/1694-500x-2024-24-11-191-196.

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The urgency in the field of water resources today around the world is becoming more acute than ever. Central Asia, as Central Asia was called in Soviet times, is one of the key regions of geopolitics where hidden political hostilities are developing, in which at any moment it can develop into a political crisis, even into an armed conflict. Water today is changing its status from agricultural and drinking purposes to political status. Both regional and international organizations and donors are already interested in water resources. The article examines the water problems of Central Asia and t

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M.S., Abdullaev. "PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD IN THE GEOPOLITICAL REGION OF CENTRAL ASIA." Journal of Geography, Regional Planning and Development 2, no. 2 (2025): 34–38. https://doi.org/10.61796/jgrpd.v2i2.1303.

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Objective: This article examines the challenges and opportunities involved in revitalizing the Great Silk Road within the geopolitical context of Central Asia, focusing on its potential to enhance regional connectivity, economic development, and cultural exchange. Method: Employing a qualitative historical and geopolitical analysis, the study synthesizes archival records, policy documents, and international cooperation initiatives, such as UNESCO programs and the TRACECA corridor, to assess the strategic significance of Silk Road restoration. Results: Findings reveal that despite Central Asia’

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Zreik, Mohamad. "CONTEMPORARY GEOPOLITICS OF EURASIA AND THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE." Eurasian Research Journal 4, no. 1 (2022): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53277/2519-2442-2022.1-01.

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In 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping launched the Belt and Road Initiative. This modern initiative aims to revive the ancient Silk Road and connect China with many neighboring and distant countries and economic blocs. China invests mainly in infrastructure by developing a network of land and maritime roads, facilitating communication, trade and transportation. The various projects under this initiative will make China a leader in international trade and an attractive region for giant partners. This paper analyzes the Chinese presence in Eurasia after the launch of the Belt and Road Initiative

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Onder, Nilgun. "Clan Politics and Regime Transition in Central Asia." Canadian Journal of Political Science 40, no. 3 (2007): 802–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423907071041.

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Clan Politics and Regime Transition in Central Asia, Kathleen Collins, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 376.The long isolation of Central Asia finally ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Five new independent states emerged from the ashes of the Soviet Union, the very first time in history that the peoples of Central Asia gained their own independent states modelled on the modern state. This development caught the world, including Central Asians themselves, by surprise. It changed the geopolitics of the entire Eurasia. In the ensuing years, the Central Asian republics ha

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Qais, Mohammadi, and Journal of Economics and Management Sciences Kardan. "Chabahar: The decay of Geo strategic importance of Afghanistan and Pakistan." Kardan Journal of Economics and Management Sciences 1, no. 1 (2018): 68–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6575657.

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This research paper is aimed at finding the long run consequences (for Pakistan and Afghanistan) of investment on Chabahar. Chabahar is an alternative to any other route from Pakistan that connects South Asia with Central Asia. However, the research found out it as beneficial to diversify the transit routes of Afghanistan. In the long run Iran would connect south and central Asia bypassing both Afghanistan and Pakistan and directly connecting Chabahar to Central Asian Region (CARs). To do so, Iran would undermine the security of cargo in Afghanistan or provide more facilities, cheap transit fe

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Azizian, Rouben, and Elizabeth Van Wie Davis. "Terrorism, Geopolitics, and Multinational Security Cooperation in Central Asia." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 3 (2006): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i3.1614.

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On 22-24 February 2006, the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies(APCSS) held this conference on the complex security environment ofCentral Asia as the region continues to struggle with the phenomena of terrorismand religious extremism, poverty and corruption, political instabilityand authoritarian governance, as well as great power (China, Russia, and theUnited States) suspicion and rivalry. These challenges are not uniquelyCentral Asian, but the region seems to be particularly vulnerable to them asits young nations are undergoing a significant political, social, and economictransformation

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Чу, Ч. "Confucius Institutes and their activities in the countries of the Central Asian region." Социально-гуманитарные знания, no. 1 (March 4, 2022): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.34823/sgz.2022.1.51768.

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Статья посвящена анализу гуманитарных обменов между Китаем и странами Центральной Азии, геополитики стран Центральной Азии (далее - ЦА), рассмотрены современное состояние и общие характеристики развития гуманитарных обменов между Китаем и странами ЦА, проанализированы существующие проблемы и предлагаются возможные пути их решения, рассматривается ход развития Институтов Конфуция в странах Центральной Азии. This article analyzes cultural and people-to-people exchanges between China and the countries of Central Asia, the geopolitics of the countries of Central Asia is united. The paper starts wi

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Dzheenbekova, Svetlana S. "Mongolia’s Geopolitics with Russia, China, the Central Asian countries and the Asia-Pacific region." Nauchno-analiticheskii zhurnal Obozrevatel' - Observer, no. 6 (2021): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.48137/2074-2975_2021_6_99.

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Manzoor, Khan Afridi. "New Great Game in Central Asia: An Analysis of China's Interests." Global Social Sciences Review 2, no. 1 (2017): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4326523.

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The importance of Central Asia for China increased with the change in international power structure, growth of its economy, rapid industrialization and increase in population. China is regarded as the second largest energy consumer in the world while Central Asia has rich energy resources and raw materials complementary for its economic growth. It is interested in the energy resources of Central Asia for the security of its energy supply and a large market for its finished goods. Prior to Central Asian energy resources, China was importing oil from the Middle East. The route of oil supply from

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Manzoor, Khan Afridi, Iqbal Musharraf, and Hussan Sumbul. "New Great Game in Central Asia: An Analysis of China's Interests." GLOBAL SOCIAL SCIENCES REVIEW (GSSR) II, no. I (2017): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).01.

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The importance of Central Asia for China increased with the change in international power structure, growth of its economy, rapid industrialization and increase in population. China is regarded as the second largest energy consumer in the world while Central Asia has rich energy resources and raw materials complementary for its economic growth. It is interested in the energy resources of Central Asia for the security of its energy supply and a large market for its finished goods. Prior to Central Asian energy resources, China was importing oil from the Middle East. The route of oil supply from

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Cao, Huan. "Integration Process in Central Asia: The Interaction of Nationalism and Regionalism." Journal of Politics and Law 17, no. 3 (2024): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v17n3p38.

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After the end of the cold war, Central Asia reappeared in the international community&#39;s view and became an important region in geopolitics. The independent Central Asian States have begun to seek regional cooperation in order to maintain regional security and stability and develop their national economies. But so far, the process of integration in Central Asia has been tortuous and slow. The Central Asian region has even been described by some scholars as the region with the lowest degree of regionalization in the world. By sorting out the history of the development of ethnicity and na

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Hauner, Milan. "Central Asian geopolitics in the last hundred years: A critical survey from Gorchakov to Gorbachev." Central Asian Survey 8, no. 1 (1989): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634938908400655.

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Wafa, Noorani, and Fayaz Gul Mazloum Yar. "Geopolitical Influence of Afghanistan’s Neighbors on the Country's Domestic and Foreign Policies." Devotion : Journal of Research and Community Service 5, no. 12 (2024): 1524–37. https://doi.org/10.59188/devotion.v5i12.25392.

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This paper examines the impact of Afghanistan’s neighbors on the country’s domestic and foreign policies. Afghanistan shares borders with Pakistan, Iran, China, India, and the Central Asian republics, and its unique geographical location has made it a focal point in regional and global geopolitics. Using a mixed-methods research approach that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data, this study analyzes the economic, cultural, security, and political effects of Afghanistan’s neighboring countries on its policies. The findings reveal that economic and trade cooperation with China and

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Vinogradov, A. V. "Russia in Eurasia: between China and the West. Identity, Ideology and Geopolitics." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 12, no. 2 (2019): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2019-12-2-228-246.

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The genesis of the Russian civilization is inextricably connected with the Mongol conquests of the 13th century. From that moment, Russia acquired a binary, Euro-Asian identity, which allowed it to master large spaces of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia in a different way compared to other European nations mastered the spaces of Asia and Africa, and eventually create the largest Eurasian state. All of its subsequent development took place in the constant internal struggle of two origins -the West and the East, both of them attracted Russia, influenced its identity and created opportunities for

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Atik, Kubilay, Suat Beylur, and Nurlan Kenzheakhmet. "From Chinggisid to Modern State: Geopolitics and Sovereignty in Central Eurasia during the 17th and 18th Centuries." Bilig, no. 111 (October 31, 2024): 159–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12995/bilig.11107.

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The decline of the Mongol Empire and its successor states led to anarchy in Central Eurasia from the 16th to the 18th centuries. This era saw the fall of the Timurids and the Ming Dynasty and the rise of new regional powers, including the Kazakhs and Zunggars in Central Asia. Externally, the Manchus, and Russia began influencing Central Asian geopolitics. Meanwhile, significant political, cultural, and scientific developments were taking place in Europe, alongside the rise of colonialism. Although these trends in Europe began to affect Central Asia, the regional powers of the time focused more

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Pradhan, Ramakrushna. "Energy Geopolitics and Pipeline Diplomacy in Central Asia: India’s Interests and Policy Options." Jadavpur Journal of International Relations 24, no. 2 (2020): 216–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973598420943434.

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The global energy scenario is undergoing a tectonic shift in recent times. While energy security has been emerging as one of the cornerstones of the foreign policy of major countries, a new geological survey has the promise of new discoveries and reserves untapped. One such epic new frontier of the world geological survey has been the post-Soviet Central Asia consisting of five “Stans” of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan, along with the Caspian Sea region. Sitting on huge untapped hydrocarbon potentials, the Central Asian geographical entity in recent years has

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Mubashra Shaheen and Munawar Hussain Panhwar. "BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE." Asia-Pacific - Annual Research Journal of Far East & South East Asia 39 (January 20, 2022): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47781/asia-pacific.vol39.iss0.4369.

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Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is primarily aimed at strategic interconnectedness of Asia, Europe and Africa and regional economic connectivity in South Asia, East, West and Central Asia by maintaining connection among partner countries in highly interconnected globalised World. Pakistan’s integration into BRI through CPEC can play a vital role in terms of regional economic and political development encompassing variety of opportunities for Pakistan. This Chinese initiative will diffuse geopolitical rivalries, giving leverage to geo-economics over geo-politics in South Asian region. BR

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Dr. Muhammad Imran, Prof Dr Muhammad Ramzan, and Hina Adeeb. "Gwadar port as an emerging hub in new great Game: opportunities and challenges for Pakistan." Social Science Review Archives 3, no. 1 (2025): 2330–49. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v3i1.542.

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Sea-ports have become increasingly crucial for global trade and military strategy. Gwadar Port, initially designed as a trade and transit hub, has evolved into a focal point in the New Great Game unfolding in Central Asia. This port holds immense economic significance for Pakistan while serving as a strategic asset for China, facilitating its access to the Middle East and securing energy supply routes via the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). India perceives Gwadar as a challenge to its regional influence, fearing that China might establish a naval base there, countering Indian and Amer

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Haiszky, Edina Julianna. "Neo-Eurasianist Russian Geopolitics and the New Empire-Building Distribution Russian-Chinese Relations: “Utilitarianism or World Politics Tandem?”." Honvédségi Szemle 151, Special Issue 1-2 (2023): 126–55. https://doi.org/10.35926/hdr.2023.1-2.8.

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Both the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China are defining and unique features on the world security map. The aim of this analysis is to review the mainschools of Russian geopolitical thought, with a particular focus on neo-Eurasianism, and to take stock of the extent to which the ideological community with the PRC persists and the impact on the relationship of the two parties of the decline of Russian influence in the Central Asian region and the rise of China in the last year, as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war and Russia’s turn to the West.

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Gualberto do Nascimento, Lucas. "Critical geopolitics, the Shanghai cooperation organization and the sino-kazakh water agreements." Revista Aurora 14, no. 2 (2021): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/10.36311/1982-8004.2021.v14.n2.p59-72.

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The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), previously known as the Shanghai Five, was formed in June 2001 as a security engagement organization. It is a highly influential organization in the Eurasian continent, and most Central Asian countries – Kazakhstan included - are members of SCO, as well as China. In recent years, the Chinese water diplomacy towards Kazakhstan has advanced in different agreements that are shaping the patterns of water security in Central Asia. The Chinese strategic interest in the development of the scope of the SCO in this region has made Kazakh transboundary water

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Supyaldiyarov, Islam. "Charting New (Old) Paths: Unraveling India-Kazakhstan Ties in Eurasian Geopolitics." Electronic Journal of Social and Strategic Studies 05, no. 06 (2024): 08–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47362/ejsss.2024.5601.

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This paper revolves around the significance and impact of the strategic cooperation between India and Kazakhstan on regional stability and power dynamics in the backdrop of the dynamically evolving geopolitical situation in the Eurasian continent. This article presents a thorough and in-depth analysis in order to identify subtle aspects and delve into the essence of the issue, which covers strategic ties, economic cooperation and geopolitical interests of India and Kazakhstan in the broader framework of Central Asian politics. The research aims to assess the state and potential of the cooperat

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Imran, Muhammad, Muhammad Ramzan, and Hina Adeeb. "Gwadar Port as an Emerging Hub in New Great Game: Opportunities and Challenges for Pakistan." Global Foreign Policies Review VIII, no. I (2025): 35–45. https://doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2025(viii-i).04.

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Gwadar Port has emerged as a crucial player in global trade and geopolitics, particularly in the New Great Game unfolding in Central Asia. Initially envisioned as a trade and transit hub, it now serves as a strategic asset for China, securing energy supply routes through CPEC and expanding its influence in the Indian Ocean. India perceives Gwadar as a threat to its regional dominance and counters it by investing in Iran’s Chabahar Port to strengthen connectivity with Central Asia. The United States also opposes China’s growing presence in the region, raising concerns over strategic dominance.

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Muhammadamin, Yusupov. "ORGANIZATIONAL, LEGAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ASPECTS OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND CENTRAL ASIA." Journal «Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research» 7 (9), 2020, (July 30, 2020): 53–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3841983.

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This research paper covers the specifics of political, organizational, legal, economic and social relations between Turkey and Central Asia. Linguistically, culturally and ethnically close, Turkey's diplomacy in Central Asia has sought to build on friendship and brotherhood. Despite the problems in the relationship for some reason, the relationship is not completely broken. Turkey is involved in major economic projects in Central Asia. In particular, Turkey cooperates with Central Asian countries in the fields of education, culture and economy, light industry, chemistry, construction and e

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Zabella, Anastasia, Margarita Fiveyskaya, and Ekaterina Penkova. "“One Belt, One Road” vs. “Free and Open Indo-Pacific”: rivalry for regional integration (views from India and Japan)." South East Asia Actual problems of Development, no. 4 (53) (2021): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2021-4-4-53-005-019.

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Southeast Asia is central both in terms of geopolitics and the rivalry between the two megaprojects, focused on sinocentric and japanese(american)centric globalization. In terms of global and regional leadership, the region is becoming a competitive area for "control" of the strategic landscape between the PRC and the USA. The article is devoted to the regionalization processes through the prism of the theory of the formation of mega-regional blocs. The purpose of the article is to analyze the approaches of Japan, India and the USA to the formation of mega-partnerships in Southeast Asia, as we

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Lami, Blendi. "Influence of Turkish Foreign Policy in Albania." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i1.p98-106.

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This paper inquires into the overall picture of the Turkish foreign policy toward Western Balkans, and especially Albania, on the geopolitical plan. It explores the new Turkish policy principles, Davotuglu’s strategic vision, and the extent to which the geopolitics of both Turkey and Albania inform Turkish foreign policy. This paper also delineates the perceptions of Albania towards Turkey’s foreign policy and contradictions of the same policy. According to Davutoglu, the architect of Turkish foreign policy, Turkey is a Middle Eastern, Balkan, Caucasian, Central Asian, Caspian, Mediterranean,

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Vasilyev, Sergey D. "Туркмены в контексте региональной внешней политики в Центральной Азии первой половины XIX в." Oriental studies 14, № 4 (2021): 658–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2021-56-4-658-672.

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Introduction. The article examines the politics of Persia, the Russian Empire, Great Britain, and the Khiva Khanate in their relations with Turkmens in the west of the Central Asian region, with special attention given to the dynamics of Russian and Persian interaction on the issue of Turkmen’s territories in the first half of the 19th c. At the time, Turkmens, lacking any central organization, were a multitude of related and opposing clans, each of which strove to preserve its traditional way of life; their actions were concerted only during the periods of Persian aggression. The present arti

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Zahid, Anwar, Sumaira, and Riaz Sadia. "Geo-Strategic Significance of Kandahar for Mughal Empire." Global Social Sciences Review (GSSR) 1, no. 2 (2019): 12. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2016(I-II).02.

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Kandahar is one of the most significant and important region of Afghanistan. It had been ruled by the great dynasties like Greece, Muryans, Kushans, Hindu Shahis, Mongols and the Mughals etc. Because of its significant location, Kandahar remained the bone of contention between different Empires and dynasties. When the Mughal occupied India, it became necessary for them to make a strong hold on Kandahar because of its strategic location that connects Persia with India. Kandahar was a gateway to India from Persia and for the safety of India and Kabul the Mughals were struggling to have strong co

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