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1

Dzehtsiarou, Kanstantsin. "Georgia v. Russia (II)." American Journal of International Law 115, no. 2 (2021): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2021.7.

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On January 21, 2021, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR or Court) issued its judgment in the interstate case of Georgia v. Russia (II). Georgia complained that Russia committed systemic human rights violations in the course of the 2008 war in South Ossetia and Abkhazia. Both of these regions are de jure parts of Georgia, but they have not been effectively governed by central Georgian authorities since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. During the night of August 7–8, 2008, Georgian artillery attacked Tskhinvali (the administrative capital of South Ossetia). Russian forces entered
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2

Cole, Michael. "A Taste of Georgia. Far Right Populism with a Unique Georgian Flavour." Populism 3, no. 2 (2020): 186–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25888072-bja10010.

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Abstract Georgia has proved no exception to recent political trends, which have seen the increased prominence and influence of far right populist parties and movements purporting to represent ‘the people’ in an antagonistic struggle against the ‘elites’ or ‘enemies’. However, while considerable academic attention has been devoted to cases in Central and Western Europe (CWE), studies of Georgian far right populism are less common. This paper examines the political styles of two Georgian far right actors, the Alliance of Patriots of Georgia (APG) and Georgian March (GM). I argue that the populis
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3

Dale, Virginia, Matthew Aldridge, Taryn Arthur, et al. "Bioregional planning in central Georgia, USA." Futures 38, no. 4 (2006): 471–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2005.07.013.

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4

Mikeladze, Aleksandre. "Bitcoins within Georgia’s Money Laundering Scheme." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 9, no. 1 (2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v9i1.p9-16.

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Bitcoins’ technology brings a new level of innovation to business and communication across the world. However, the advantages of a virtual currency payment system face the threat from criminal activities occurring over a pseudonymous network where there is virtually no current regulation to cover illegal transactions. The current situation in Georgia is as follows: the second Bitcoin’s processing datacenter has opened in Georgia. While the virtual money is new even in developed countries, more unusual it is for Georgia, where local economists are more skeptical toward cryptocurrency. Therefore
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QOCA MƏMMƏDLİ, Gülnara. "MADRASAH ALIYYE IN TBILISI (1847–1919)." EUROASIA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES 8, no. 3 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.38064/eurssh.138.

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Georgia, being a generally recognized landmark of the Caucasus, attracts Turkey's and Azerbaıjan's attention both because of its strategic border neighborhood and because hundreds of thousands of Azerbaijanis and representatives of other Turkic-Muslim communities live in it. Islam is the most widespread religion in the country after Christianity. The Georgian land preserves the centuries-old history of Islamic civilization and the rich heritage of Islamic education, the traditions of madrasahs and mektebs. The purpose of this article is to highlight the activities of the spiritual madrasah Ali
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Tsereteli, N., A. Tibaldi, V. Alania, et al. "Active tectonics of central-western Caucasus, Georgia." Tectonophysics 691 (November 2016): 328–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.10.025.

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7

Bender, Michael J., and Dennis Parmley. "Noteworthy Records of Bats from Central Georgia." Southeastern Naturalist 7, no. 4 (2008): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092-7.4.619.

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8

DANELIA, IRAKLI. "PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIA`S TRANSIT FUNCTION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE COUNTRY`S ECONOMY." Globalization and Business 4, no. 7 (2019): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.013.

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Depending on geographical location, the development of Georgian economy was directly related to the efficient use of transit function. For Georgia, as a transit function, the importance of transportation infrastructure is important in the formation of its geo-economic positioning strategy. The acquisition, realization and development of Georgia›s transport potential began in the 90s of the 20th century. Nevertheless, complex research and analysis on the possibilities of development of transit function of the country in Georgian economic literature is not practically investigated yet. Morover,
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9

DANELIA, IRAKLI. "PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIA`S TRANSIT FUNCTION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE COUNTRY`S ECONOMY." Globalization and Business 4, no. 7 (2019): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.013.

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Depending on geographical location, the development of Georgian economy was directly related to the efficient use of transit function. For Georgia, as a transit function, the importance of transportation infrastructure is important in the formation of its geo-economic positioning strategy. The acquisition, realization and development of Georgia›s transport potential began in the 90s of the 20th century. Nevertheless, complex research and analysis on the possibilities of development of transit function of the country in Georgian economic literature is not practically investigated yet. Morover,
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10

Wessinger, E. W., C. L. Nipper, and J. K. Ogle. "DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL GEORGIA TECHNICAL COLLEGE'S BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAM." Acta Horticulturae, no. 756 (November 2007): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.756.4.

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11

Harris, R. Scott, Michael F. Roden, Paul A. Schroeder, Steven M. Holland, Mack S. Duncan, and Edward F. Albin. "Upper Eocene impact horizon in east-central Georgia." Geology 32, no. 8 (2004): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g20562.1.

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12

Aslanishvili, Davit (David). "Stock Market in Georgia." International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management 10, no. 2 (2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrcm.2021040103.

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The study examines the financial and economic reality and backwardness of Georgia. It reflects the monopoly of commercial banks thanks to the steady support of the state and the central bank, which ultimately does not allow for the attraction of alternative financial capital and is one of the main reasons for the country's failure. In this respect, the economic progress is directly linked to this problem. Developing an economy requires large financial investments and resources. Based on the research a number of proposals need to be introduced to change the situation and to build a competitive
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13

Gondauri, Davit, and Manana Moistsrapishvili. "Development of Railway Silk Road as a Platform for Promoting Georgia’s Economic Growth." International Journal of Business and Management 14, no. 6 (2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v14n6p64.

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The given paper emphasizes on the importance of the Railway Silk Road for promoting the Georgia's economic growth and development. The article notes that the process of economic integration of the region allows the increase of cargo turnover volume in Central Asia and the Caucasus countries, thus increasing the transport of goods through Georgia, - contributing to the sustainability of Georgia's macroeconomic and economic growth. The aim of financially economical models, we have identified the causal links between the sensitivity of railway cargo and the economic growth of the
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14

Aleksanyan, L. M. "THE “SOFTPOWER” POLICY OF TURKEY TOWARDS GEORGIA." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 2(47) (April 28, 2016): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2016-2-47-72-79.

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South Caucasus throughout history was at the epicenter of clashes of different religions, civilizations, nations and states. At present moment the interests of both regional (Turkey, Iran) and global actors (the United States, NATO, the EU, Russia and others.) intersect in the region. Global transformations, changing power relations in international relations have their direct influence on the political processes taking place in the region. These processes are also linked with the activities of Turkey, which aspire to regional leadership. It is Georgia, which serves as a corridor between Turke
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15

Jibuti, Mariam. "ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION, REGIONS OF GEORGIA AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS." Globalization and Business 4, no. 8 (2019): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.08.016.

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Georgia has a one-level system of governance. Regional level of governance is not defined by law. However, historical areas/regions are objects for policy planning (Jibuti, 2018:526-529). Effectiveness of country’s regional division had not been assessed or studied in terms of economic development planning purpose. Our research aimed to define criteria for such assessment and make an evaluation. These criteria were formed based on study of different scientific approaches, theories and models. Criteria which were used to assess effectiveness of regional division in Georgia are following: (1) Re
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16

M. Kvinikadze, D. Kuparadze, V. Kirakosyan, and D. Pataridze. "GEO-ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF CENTRAL PIPELINE CORRIDORS IN GEORGIA." World Science 1, no. 2(42) (2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/28022019/6347.

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 At present, the main pipelines represent the most profitable economic means in terms of transportation, supply and exploitation of energy resources. Since their laying is associated with a change in the natural environment, the ecological study of these corridors is a prerequisite. Geo-ecological study of the main pipelines is divided into three stages. This is the study of the pipeline route, to establish the existing background before the work begins. The second stage is the establishment of environmental impact during the laying of the pipeline. The third step is to mon
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17

Depkin, F. Chris, Malcolm C. Coulter, and A. Lawrence Bryan. "Food of Nestling Wood Storks in East-Central Georgia." Colonial Waterbirds 15, no. 2 (1992): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1521455.

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18

Akhvlediani, T., E. Rowlinson, C. Bautista, et al. "Etiologic agents of central nervous system infections in Georgia." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 333 (October 2013): e665-e666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.2304.

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19

Marinone, S. G., and J. Fyfe. "Residual currents in the central strait of Georgia, B.C." Atmosphere-Ocean 30, no. 1 (1992): 94–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07055900.1992.9649432.

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20

Braman, S. K., G. D. Buntin, and R. D. Oetting. "Species and Cultivar Influences on Infestation by and Parasitism of a Columbine Leafminer (Phytomyza aquilegivora Spencer)." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 23, no. 1 (2005): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-23.1.9.

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Abstract Columbine, Aquilegia spp., are regularly attacked by agromyzid leafminers, Phytomyza spp. Effects of columbine species and cultivars on infestation by the leafminer Phytomyza aquilegivora Spencer, and subsequent parasitism by hymenopterous parasitoids was evaluated in two-year field trials at four locations in central and north Georgia. Among 20 columbine taxa planted in non-irrigated, wooded sites in central and north Georgia, two selections (A. flabellata and A. caerulea ‘Dwarf Fantasy Mix’) were comparable to the moderately resistant native species A. canadensis. In irrigated sites
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21

Gebel, Michael. "Young Women’s Transition from Education to Work in the Caucasus and Central Asia." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 688, no. 1 (2020): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716220908260.

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This article analyzes the individual- and family-level factors that pave the way to the labor market and to formal sector jobs for young women in the Caucasus and Central Asia. Retrospective life history data from a 2017 survey in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Tajikistan show that higher education attainment has a strong positive impact on labor market activity and getting a formal sector job. Early family formation drives young women into inactivity, but it does not limit the chances of getting access to the formal sector. The chances of getting a formal sector job are positively influenced by the
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22

Kawecka-Wyrzykowska, Elżbieta. "The EU-Georgia Association Agreement: An Instrument To Support The Development Of Georgia Or Lip Service?" Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 18, no. 2 (2015): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cer-2015-0013.

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On 1 September 2014, the Association Agreement (AA) between the EU and Georgia partially came into force. Its main pillar is a “deep and comprehensive free trade agreement” (DCFTA). It provides for the full liberalisation of trade in industrial products and substantial reduction of barriers in agricultural trade. A significant part of the AA is devoted to the elimination of regulatory barriers to trade (e.g. technical standards). The Agreement provides for a progressive and partial liberalisation of trade in services as well as for fast and deep elimination of barriers to capital flows. The li
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23

Cornell, Svante E. "Autonomy as a Source of Conflict: Caucasian Conflicts in Theoretical Perspective." World Politics 54, no. 2 (2002): 245–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wp.2002.0002.

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The granting of autonomous status to minority populations has gained support among academics and practitioners alike as a way to solve, manage, and even preempt ethnic conflict. In spite of the enthusiasm for ethnofederalism, however, the provision of autonomy to minorities may actually increase rather than decrease the likelihood of conflict. Under certain political conditions, autonomy promotes the separate identity of the minority and increases its motivation and capacity to seek separation from the central state. This article presents a rudimentary theoretical framework identifying which q
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24

Comer, James A., Malcolm C. Coulter, and A. Lawrence Bryan. "Overwintering Locations of Wood Storks Captured in East-Central Georgia." Colonial Waterbirds 10, no. 2 (1987): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1521255.

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25

Hooper, Robert J., and Robert D. Hatcher, Jr. "Ocmulgee fault: The Piedmont-Avalon terrane boundary in central Georgia." Geology 18, no. 8 (1990): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<0708:oftpat>2.3.co;2.

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26

Holzman, Stephen, Michael J. Conroy, and William R. Davidson. "DISEASES, PARASITES AND SURVIVAL OF COYOTES IN SOUTH-CENTRAL GEORGIA." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 28, no. 4 (1992): 572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-28.4.572.

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27

Cardillo, D. M., and J. C. Stephens. "Persistent Neurologic Manifestations of West Nile Virus in Central Georgia." Southern Medical Journal 96, Supplement (2003): S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-200311001-00067.

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28

Sydor, Tymur, and Brooks C. Mendell. "Transaction evidence analysis: stumpage prices and risk in central Georgia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 2 (2008): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-126.

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This paper uses hedonic regression techniques to analyze timber bid transactions in central Georgia. Softwood stumpage prices from pay-as-cut transactions are regressed against timber sale and stand characteristics. We identify observable factors that are statistically associated with the volatility of pine sawtimber stumpage prices in the market. The remaining price volatility, defined as market risk, characterizes undiversifiable price volatility in the market. Isolating market risk in this way has implications for relative price risk across predefined timber markets. Applications of this th
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Joseph, S. V., and S. K. Braman. "Occurrence of Hymenopteran Parasitoids in Residential Turfgrass in Central Georgia." Journal of Entomological Science 46, no. 2 (2011): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-46.2.112.

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30

Clarke, Lorelei L., Ian K. Hawkins, and Daniel R. Rissi. "Central nervous system diseases of cattle in Georgia, 2001–2017." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 31, no. 4 (2019): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638719854788.

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In a review of 159 archived bovine autopsy cases submitted to the Georgia Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System from 2001 to 2017, we evaluated histologic lesions and other laboratory test results in cases diagnosed with central nervous system (CNS) disease to determine the most common disorders and the rate of definitive morphologic and etiologic diagnosis within the population. The most common breed was Aberdeen Angus or Angus (31%), and female animals comprised 60% of the overall submissions. Gross anatomic changes were described in 33% of cases that had histologic lesions. Suppurative me
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Meyer, Brian K., Robert K. Vance, Gale A. Bishop, and Daniel M. Deocampo. "Origin and Dynamics of Nearshore Wetlands: Central Georgia Bight, USA." Wetlands 35, no. 2 (2014): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-014-0615-1.

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32

Mamuladze, Shota, Kakhaber Kamadadze, and Emzar Kakhidze. "Avgia Church (Batumi, Georgia)." Światowit, no. 59 (June 27, 2021): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/0082-044x.swiatowit.59.12.

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The church discussed in the paper is situated in Avgia, on the outskirts of Batumi. It is an early Christian period hall-type church with northern and southern wings. The ground plan of the whole structure resembles the well-known layout of the croixlibre. The whole building is 23.85 m long and 19.0 m wide – including the arms. It has a projecting semi-circular apse whose radius is 6.05 m. The main space of the church is divided into three parts. It consists of a transverse hall, which may have operated as a narthex, a hall, and an altar apse. The floor of the structure was covered with pinkis
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El Rassi, Fuad, Martha Arellano, Leonard T. Heffner, et al. "Incidence and Geographic Distribution of Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the State of Georgia." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 4309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4309.4309.

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Abstract Abstract 4309 We investigated an apparent increase in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) referral from north Georgia to Emory University Hospital, a tertiary care center located in Atlanta, Georgia. Cases reported between 1999 and 2008 to the Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Registry (GCCR) and the national Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry were analyzed. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated for all counties and public health regions within the state of Georgia and compared to national rates calculated using SEER 17 data for those ages 20 and above.
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Olsson, Tore C. "Peeling Back the Layers: Vidalia Onions and the Making of a Global Agribusiness." Enterprise & Society 13, no. 4 (2012): 832–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700011484.

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In Depression-era South Georgia, truck farmers experimenting with onion planting found that their crop emerged unusually sweet, due to the region's climate and particular soil content. But what gave Vidalia onions a unique flavor—their low sulfur and high water content—also rendered them nearly impossible to market, as the vegetable spoiled much quicker than regular onions. In their seventy-year quest to overcome the onion's natural limitations, Georgia growers would transform their formerly insular region into a hub of global supermarket capitalism. As onion acreage skyrocketed with the adven
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Bryan, A. Lawrence, and Malcolm C. Coulter. "Foraging Flight Characteristics of Wood Storks in East-Central Georgia, U.S.A." Colonial Waterbirds 10, no. 2 (1987): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1521254.

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36

Hoveland, C. S., N. S. Hill, R. S. Lowrey, S. L. Fales, M. E. McCormick, and A. E. Smith. "Steer Performance on Birdsfoot Trefoil and Alfalfa Pasture in Central Georgia." Journal of Production Agriculture 1, no. 4 (1988): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1988.0343.

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37

Terrill, Thomas H., Seyoum Gelaye, Sauveur Mahotiere, et al. "Rhizoma Peanut and Alfalfa Productivity and Nutrient Composition in Central Georgia." Agronomy Journal 88, no. 3 (1996): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962008800030021x.

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38

Jenkins, David, Ted Cottrell, Dan Horton, Amanda Hodges, and Greg Hodges. "Hosts of Plum Curculio,Conotrachelus nenuphar(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Central Georgia." Environmental Entomology 35, no. 1 (2006): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-35.1.48.

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Brinkman, Mark A., and Christina G. Rogers. "Bait Preferences of Ground-Dwelling Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Central Georgia." Journal of Entomological Science 45, no. 1 (2010): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-45.1.51.

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40

Rzepecka, Marta. "Presidential Rhetoric on Foreign Crises: George W. Bush on Georgia and Barack Obama on Ukraine." Ad Americam 22 (March 28, 2021): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.22.2021.22.05.

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Presidential Rhetoric on Foreign Crises: George W. Bush on Georgia and Barack Obama on Ukraine&#x0D; This article offers a critique of the rhetorical responses of President George W. Bush to the 2008 Russia-Georgia conflict and of President Barack Obama to the 2014 Russia-Ukraine conflict. Its central objective is to identify parallels and differences between the situations calling for presidential rhetoric on the crises in Georgia and Ukraine and determine how the president’s reactions to the conflicts were similar or different, judging the responses against Theodore Otto Windt, Jr.’s analyti
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Martin, Chris A., William P. Sharp, John M. Ruter, and Richard L. Garcia. "Alterations in Leaf Morphology of Two Landscape Shrubs in Response to Disparate Climate and Paclobutrazol." HortScience 29, no. 11 (1994): 1321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.11.1321.

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Paclobutrazol at 0 and 750 μl·liter–1 was sprayed on shoots of Feijoa sellowiana O. Berg. and Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. grown under similar production regimes in central Arizona (subtropical desert) and southern Georgia (humid temperate). Five months after application, Feijoa and Ligustrum leaves were generally smaller and thicker in Arizona than in Georgia. Arizona leaves were thicker than those in Georgia because of more layers of palisade and spongy mesophyll cells. Compared with leaves from control plants, paclobutrazol 1) increased Feijoa leaf area in Georgia, 2) decreased Ligustrum leaf
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Blauvelt, Timothy K., and Giorgi Khatiashvili. "The Muslim uprising in Ajara and the Stalinist revolution in the periphery." Nationalities Papers 44, no. 3 (2016): 359–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2016.1142521.

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In 1929, local officials in the mountainous region of upper Ajara in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) pursued aggressive policies to force women to remove their veils and to close religious schools, provoking the Muslim peasant population to rebellion in one of the largest and most violent of such incidents in Soviet history. The central authorities in Moscow authorized the use of Red Army troops to suppress the uprising, but they also reversed the local initiatives and offered the peasants concessions. Based on Party and secret police files from the Georgian archives in Tbilisi an
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Gachechiladze, Maia, and Chad Staddon. "Towards a Political Ecology of Oil in Post-communist Georgia: the conflict over the Kulevi Oil Port Development." Journal of Political Ecology 14, no. 1 (2007): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v14i1.21684.

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Since 1998 the growing importance of the Caspian Sea's oil reserves for the international markets has put a new pressure on Georgia's energy transit capacities. One of the new transit facilities – the Kulevi Oil Terminal located on the country's ecologically-sensitive central Black Sea coast - has emerged as a controversial development evoking several cross-cutting environmental policy, economic and political conflicts at the international, national, and local levels. This paper explores and tracks the nature of this multi-level environmental conflict over land-use and reveals it to be a compl
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Storm, Karli-Jo T. "The ‘ultimate toponym’ and national imaginaries in Georgia and Azerbaijan: Constraining Imaginaries of Borchali among Georgian Azeri-Turks." Journal of Geography, Politics and Society 10, no. 3 (2020): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2020.3.03.

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A central component of any national imaginary is the extent to which it is or can be made marketable and consumable by audiences within and outside of the borders of the territorial state. Physical and symbolic delimitation of the “homeland” – in 2- and 3-D, on the ground and on maps, in speech and in individual thought processes - facilitates a certain degree of intra-group solidarity and out-group wariness. After expanding upon the theoretical utility of the concept of the national imaginary, the author examines the role played by the “ultimate toponym”, that of the bounded and institutional
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TSITLIDZE, ANA. "THE PROBLEM OF THE POLITICAL AND FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN 2012-2019." Globalization and Business 4, no. 7 (2019): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.018.

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The article contains a concept about Political and fiscal decentralization problem in Georgia during “2012-2019” For each democratic state strong local government and its political and fiscal decentralization is a fundamental principle of democracy. A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state. It contains political, fiscal and administration decentralization which means to transfer power from central government to municipality. In the way of Democracy and European integration as a still
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TSITLIDZE, ANA. "THE PROBLEM OF THE POLITICAL AND FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN 2012-2019." Globalization and Business 4, no. 7 (2019): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.07.018.

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The article contains a concept about Political and fiscal decentralization problem in Georgia during “2012-2019” For each democratic state strong local government and its political and fiscal decentralization is a fundamental principle of democracy. A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state. It contains political, fiscal and administration decentralization which means to transfer power from central government to municipality. In the way of Democracy and European integration as a still
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Huang, Ran, Yongtao Hu, Armistead G. Russell, James A. Mulholland, and M. Talat Odman. "The Impacts of Prescribed Fire on PM2.5 Air Quality and Human Health: Application to Asthma-Related Emergency Room Visits in Georgia, USA." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13 (2019): 2312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132312.

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Short-term exposure to fire smoke, especially particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5), is associated with adverse health effects. In order to quantify the impact of prescribed burning on human health, a general health impact function was used with exposure fields of PM2.5 from prescribed burning in Georgia, USA, during the burn seasons of 2015 to 2018, generated using a data fusion method. A method was developed to identify the days and areas when and where the prescribed burning had a major impact on local air quality to explore the relationship between prescr
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48

Ruter, John M., and Chris A. Martin. "Effects of Contrasting Climate and Paclobutrazol on the Growth and Water Use of Two Container-Grown Landscape Plants." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 12, no. 1 (1994): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-12.1.27.

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Abstract A study was conducted under contrasting climates [southwestern Georgia (humid, temperate) and central Arizona (arid, Sonoran desert)] to evaluate the effects of paclobutrazol on the growth and water use of container-grown Feijoa Sellowiana O. Berg and Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. Plants grown in Georgia were taller, had approximately twice as many leaves and five times more canopy leaf area, a lower shoot:root ratio, and generally higher water use compared to plants grown in Arizona. Differences in meteorological factors such as higher maximum and minimum temperatures and increased sola
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49

Kokhia, Mzia S., and Sergei I. Golovatch. "A checklist of the millipedes of Georgia, Caucasus (Diplopoda)." ZooKeys 741 (March 7, 2018): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.20042.

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The diplopod fauna of Georgia, Transcaucasia, is very rich given the country’s relatively small territory, presently comprising 95 species from 42 genera, 12 families, and seven orders. Most of the Diplopoda known from Georgia are subendemics (39 species, or 38%), shared with one or more neighbouring countries, but another 33 species (33%) are strict endemics, nearly all highly localized, including 12 presumed troglobites. Several genera are likewise endemic to Georgia, including a few troglobionts. Within Georgia, the fauna of the western part (= Colchis) is particularly rich and diverse, the
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Kohler, Thomas, Nodar Elizbarashvili, Giorgi Meladze, Davit Svanadze, and Heino Meessen. "The Demogeographic Crisis in Racha, Georgia: Depopulation in the Central Caucasus Mountains." Mountain Research and Development 37, no. 4 (2017): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-17-00064.1.

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