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1
Calvo, Yáñez Gonzalo Cristóbal. "Estudio Exploratorio de una Central Nuclear en el Sistema Interconectado Central." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104544.
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Montes, López Horacio Antonio. "Estudio Preliminar de Factibilidad de una Central Nuclear en el Sistema Interconectado Central." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104838.
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El objetivo de esta memoria es determinar la factibilidad de una planta nuclear en el sistema interconectado central mediante un análisis económico, utilizando herramientas de evaluación privada de proyectos.
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Andersson, Sandra. "Nuclear receptor functions in the central nervous system clues for knockout mice /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-661-1/.
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Giove, Federico. "Energetics and activation of the central nervous system by in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance." Doctoral thesis, La Sapienza, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/916817.
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Lara, Toloza Sebastián Ignacio, Flores Alejandro Esteban Linares, Ahumada María Alejandra Vásquez, and Rojas Claudia Alejandra Villena. "Estudio Exploratorio para la Localización de una Central Nucleoeléctrica en Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/107942.
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La capacidad energ´etica chilena, principalmente basada en plantas hidr´aulicas y t´ermicas,
enfrenta un escenario futuro en que tendr´a que satisfacer una creciente demanda que
seg´un proyecciones de la cne podr´ıa m´as que triplicarse para el a˜no 2030, adem´as de estabilizar
al sistema ante eventos como per´ıodos con escasez de precipitaciones o la volatilidad
permanente que muestra el precio de los combustibles f´osiles. Por esto, la energ´ıa nuclear
surge como una opci´on que debe ser evaluada para la diversificaci´on de nuestra matriz.
Al inicio de la investigaci´on el objetivo de nuestro seminario de titulo era determinar
un lugar ´optimo real para la ubicaci´on de una central nuclear en Chile, pero con el avance
del estudio y seg´un la opini´on de expertos, concluimos que es imposible determinarla dada
la necesidad de primero generar la informaci´on y realizar estudios espec´ıficos en el pa´ıs.
En este contexto, nuestro objetivo se transformo en realizar un catastro de la informaci´on
existente en conjunto con el organismo que la maneja para luego, determinar cu´al es la
informaci´on que debe ser generada.
En la primera parte de la investigaci´on, se recopil´o informaci´on de car´acter general
respecto al mercado nucleoel´ectrico mundial y t´opicos claves al momento de considerar
esa tecnolog´ıa de generaci´on. Tambi´en se describe la situaci´on actual y proyectada del
mercado el´ectrico chileno para contextualizar y justificar la realizaci´on del estudio. En la
segunda, se describen la informaci´on y recursos necesarios para evaluar la localizaci´on de
una planta nuclear, para esto nos basamos principalmente los par´ametros de seguridad del
Site Evaluation For Nuclear Installations Safety Requirements de la Agencia Internacional
de Energ´ıa At´omica (iaea), adem´as se agregaron otros par´ametros, no relacionados con
la seguridad de la instalaci´on, que seg´un expertos deben ser considerados. En base a la
informaci´on y estudios requeridos, se determin´o, cuales son los organismos en Chile que se
encargan de generarla, la informaci´on con la que cuentan actualmente y aquella que falta
por generar.
Seg´un el an´alisis realizado, se concluye que no es posible determinar un lugar concreto
dado que no existe toda la informaci´on necesaria para evaluar la localizaci´on de una central
seg´un los est´andares requeridos por los organismos mundiales. Es necesario generar la informaci´on faltante antes de poder evaluar adecuadamente los par´ametros de seguridad,
t´ecnicos, econ´omicos, ambientales y sociales que involucra la decisi´on, para as´ı llegar a una
conclusi´on m´as acabada y confiable sobre el particular. Y para esto ser´a de suma relevancia
el rol de los distintos organismos a cargo de realizar los estudios necesarios para garantizar
la seguridad y la ´optima ubicación para una central nuclear en Chile.
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Mansur, Fabio Abud. "Corrosão de liga 800GN em ambiente do circuito secundário da Central Nuclear de Angra 2." CNEN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, 2015. http://www.bdtd.cdtn.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=340.
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NenhumaA liga 800GN (grau nuclear) é um material utilizado na fabricação de geradores de vapor para reatores de água pressurizada (PWR) de usinas nucleares devido à sua elevada resistência à corrosão. A resistência à corrosão da liga 800GN é devida ao caráter protetor da película de óxido formada na superfície do tubo em contato com a água pressurizada à alta temperatura. No entanto, a corrosão tem sido a principal causa de falhas nos tubos dos geradores de vapor de usinas nucleares. Os problemas gerados pela corrosão têm sido atribuídos a condições e excursões da química da água do circuito secundário, muitos dos quais resultantes da entrada de água de refrigeração do condensador no circuito secundário. A experiência adquirida em diferentes centrais nucleares mostra que a composição química da água tem um papel importante na manutenção da integridade da película protetora de óxido formada na superfície do tubo. Neste trabalho foi avaliada a resistência à corrosão por pites de tubos da liga 800GN, em meio similar ao do circuito secundário de um reator PWR contendo teores de contaminação por íons cloreto de 250 ppb, 1 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm e 50 ppm. A susceptibilidade dos tubos de liga 800GN ao processo de corrosão por pites foi avaliada em célula eletroquímica à temperatura de 80 C e em autoclave à temperatura de 250 oC, empregando-se a técnica eletroquímica de polarização anódica potenciodinâmica cíclica. A observação da morfologia da superfície das amostras após os ensaios eletroquímicos foi realizada por meio de microscopia ótica e microscopia eletrônica por varredura e microanálise por EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometry). A 80 C, a liga 800GN apresentou resistência à corrosão por pites, mesmo quando concentrações 5 ppm de Cl- foram adicionadas ao meio similar ao do ambiente secundário de um reator PWR. Corrosão por pites foi observada somente com a adição de 10 e 50 ppm de Cl-. Os ensaios eletroquímicos a 250 C mostraram que na condição normal de operação de um reator PWR e com a adição de 250 ppb de íons cloreto a liga 800GN exibiu elevada resistência à corrosão por pites, não ocorrendo nenhuma modificação na superfície do material. No entanto, ficou evidenciado que com a adição de 1 ppm de cloreto ao meio PWR iniciou-se uma modificação no filme passivo formado na superfície da liga 800GN.
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Eriksson, Emma. "GC-MS Screening and PCB Analysis of Sediment from Central Kattegat." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45773.
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Five sediment samples were collected in Bua on the Swedish west coast, near two industries, a paper mill, and a nuclear power plant. The two industries use water in their processes and have long been associated with releases of different substances, such as PCBs, and other chlorinated compounds. The environmental impact by the two industries is believed to be significant. The aim of the project was to examine the sediments close to both the water intake and water output to determine if these industrial activities have in any way changed the composition of the sediments. The sediments were extracted by Soxhlet extraction, followed by a deactivated silica and an acidic silica clean-up and then analysed by using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer, (GC-MS) with electron ionization, EI+, mode used in full scan mode. Each mass spectra were analysed by comparing them to the NIST database from 1998. The results were inconclusive since the peaks were not properly resolved, causing a poor correlation to the NIST database. One batch was specifically analysed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) by using an atmospheric pressure gas chromatograph (APGC) coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS). The PCB analysis provided accurate results, except for the Ringhals intake where the MS became saturated due to the high levels. The river Viskan also showed high levels of PCB. The congener pattern from PCBs found near Ringhals intake resembled an Aroclor pattern from Aroclor 1248. Since the Aroclor pattern is only seen in Ringhals intake, the source is most likely from the small harbour and not from either of the industries.
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Trono, Adriano. "Evaluación de respuesta sísmica para estructuras de Canister en la Central Nuclear de Embalse, Río Tercero." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/1174.
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Práctica Supervisada (IC)--FCEFN-UNC, 2013Analiza el fenómeno de amplificación sísmica de las estructuras de Canister mediante el método de Espectros de respuesta para poder comparar con las soluciones obtenidas a partir de método de respuesta en frecuencias
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Sharifi, Brojerdi Fatemeh. "Analysis of Seismic Data Acquired at the Forsmark Site for Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Central Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-251621.
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The Forsmark area, the main study area in this thesis, is located about 140 km north of Stockholm, central Sweden. It belongs to the Paleoproterozoic Svecokarelian orogen and contains several major ductile and brittle deformation zones including the Forsmark, Eckarfjärden and Singö zones. The bedrock between these zones, in general is less deformed and considered suitable for a nuclear waste repository. While several site investigations have already been carried out in the area, this thesis focuses primarily on (i) re-processing some of the existing reflection seismic lines to improve imaging of deeper structures, (ii) acquiring and processing high-resolution reflection and refraction data for better characterization of the near surface geology for the planning of a new access ramp, (iii) studying possible seismic anisotropy from active sources recorded onto sparse three-component receivers and multi-offset-azimuth vertical seismic profiling data (VSP). Reflection seismic surveys are an important component of these investigations. The re-processing helped in improving the deeper parts (1-5 km) of the seismic images and allowing three major deeper reflections to be better characterized, one of which is sub-horizontal while the other two are dipping moderately. These reflections were attributed to originate from either dolerite sills or brittle fault systems. First break traveltime tomography allowed delineating an undulating bedrock-surface topography, which is typical in the Forsmark area. Shallow reflections imaged in 3D, thanks to the acquisition design were compared with existing borehole data and explained by fractured or weak zones in the bedrock. The analysis of seismic anisotropy indicates the presence of shear-wave splitting due to transverse isotropy with a vertical symmetry axis in the uppermost hundreds of meters of crust. Open fractures and joints were interpreted to be responsible for the large delays observed between the transverse and radial components of the shear-wave arrivals, both on surface and VSP data.
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Solomin, Ludmila. "Nuclear hormone receptor signaling in the developing CNS : studies on the retinoid receptors RAR and RXR, and the orphan receptors NURR1, NOR1 and NGFI-B /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3663-3/.
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Moody, Simon John. "The surreal mission : tactical nuclear weapons, the British Army, and the defence of the Central Front, 1945-1957." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-surreal-mission(15f38e3b-0dc7-4038-90bd-f9c2e6bf87ca).html.
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This thesis analyses the impact that tactical nuclear weapons had across the full spectrum of British defence policy-making between the years 1945-1957. It assesses the interactions between British defence policy and strategic planning; the roles of the British Army in national and alliance strategy; and Army preparations for nuclear combat. By making connections between these distinct, yet interrelated, elements of British defence planning the thesis provides new perspectives on British thinking about tactical nuclear weapons. The overarching thesis of this study is that the reluctance of British civilian defence policy-makers to engage in meaningful debate about the military utility of tactical nuclear weapons affected negatively the ability of the British Army to adapt to meet the new challenges of nuclear land combat. It is argued that for political and economic reasons the British government invested its resources into developing the strategic nuclear deterrent over all other military capabilities and that consequently the British Army was denied the political and financial support it needed to innovate in the tactical nuclear field. In the alliance context it is posited that civilian leaders acquiesced to American leadership on nuclear issues and accepted a policy of first use of tactical nuclear weapons to repel a Soviet invasion of Western Europe in order to enhance political cohesion within NATO, despite evidence that this was a flawed operational concept and without understanding the true ramifications of such a posture. It is maintained that a corollary of this was that the Army was forced to confront the challenges of preparing for nuclear land combat with little guidance or support from its political masters.
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Yshii, Lidia Mitiko. "Efeitos da alfa-sinucleína na modulação da atividade do fator de transcrição nuclear kB em células SH-SY5Y." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42136/tde-23012012-133118/.
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A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é um distúrbio neurodegenerativo. Suas características e seus sintomas neuropatológicos são bem definidos, mas sua etiologia ainda continua desconhecida. A DP esporádica é caracterizada anatomo-patologicamente pela presença de Corpos de Lewy, que são agregados lipoproteicos que se encontram no interior do neurônio. A a-sinucleína é uma proteína solúvel presente nos terminais pré-sinápticos de vários sistemas de transmissão. Evidências sugerem que esta proteína é um componente fundamental dos Corpos de Lewy localizados nos neurônios dopaminérgicos do sistema nigroestrital de pacientes portadores de DP. Postula-se que a a-sinucleína possui uma função fundamental na patogênese da DP, pois pode afetar a homeostase de neurônios dopaminérgicos, levando ao aumento da dopamina no citosol e consequente estresse oxidativo. O fator de transcrição nuclear kappa B (NF-kB) participa da regulação de respostas imunes, inflamatórias e morte celular. No sistema nervoso central este fator está presente em diversos tipos de células nervosas e seu papel é paradoxal, ora apontado como neurotóxico, ora como neuroprotetor. O NFkB pode ser estimulado por vários fatores entre eles neurotransmissores (por exemplo: dopamina e glutamato), estresse e proteína b-amilóide. Neste trabalho, pretendemos estudar as modificações moleculares nas células SH-SY5Y transduzidas com a a-sinucleína na sua forma selvagem (WT), mutante (A30P) e truncada (1-120) e tratadas com meio condicionado (CM) (proveniente do tratamento da glia com LPS) ou TNF. Analisamos a modulação da atividade do NF-kB, onde observamos o aumento da atividade quando as células foram tratadas com TNF mas não com CM. Ainda, observamos que ocorre diminuição da fosforilação da proteína MAPK42/44 durante o mesmo tratamento, e que esta diminuição pode estar ligada ao aumento da morte celular.Parkinsons Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease. The characteristics and symptoms are well defined; nevertheless its etiology remains unknown. The sporadic PD is characterized by the presence of Lewy Body (aggregate of proteins) inside the neurons. Alpha-synuclein is a soluble protein present in the pre synaptic terminal of neurons. Evidences suggest that this protein is a fundamental component of Lewy bodies localized in the dopaminergic neurons of PD patients. It is already known that alpha-synuclein has a fundamental role in pathogenesis of PD, because it can affect the homeostasis of dopaminergic neurons, leading to increase of dopamine in the cytosol and consequent oxidative stress. The nuclear transcription factor kB (NF-kB) regulates the immune, inflammatory and cell death responses. In the central nervous system, this factor is present in several types of cells and its role is paradoxal, since it can be neurotoxic or can be protective. The NFkB can be stimulated by several factors, including dopamine, glutamate, stress and b-amyloid protein. In this work, we observed the molecular modification in SH-SY5Y cells transduced with alpha-synuclein (wild-type, A30P and truncated 1-120) and treated with conditioned medium (CM) (from primary culture of glia treated with LPS) or TNF. We analyzed the modulation of NF-kB activity, in which was observed that the activity was increased when the cells were treated with TNF but not with CM. Moreover, we show that there is a decrease of MAPK42/44 phosphorilation during the treatment, and this decrease is linked to the increase of cell death of these cells overexpressing alpha-synulein.
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Kumar, Shyamesh, Dusan Kunec, Joram Buza, Hsin-I. Chiang, Huaijun Zhou, Sugalesini Subramaniam, Ken Pendarvis, Hans Cheng, and Shane Burgess. "Nuclear Factor kappa B is central to Marek's Disease herpesvirus induced neoplastic transformation of CD30 expressing lymphocytes in-vivo." BioMed Central, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610102.
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BACKGROUND:Marek's Disease (MD) is a hyperproliferative, lymphomatous, neoplastic disease of chickens caused by the oncogenic Gallid herpesvirus type 2 (GaHV-2MDV). Like several human lymphomas the neoplastic MD lymphoma cells overexpress the CD30 antigen (CD30hi) and are in minority, while the non-neoplastic cells (CD30lo) form the majority of population. MD is a unique natural in-vivo model of human CD30hi lymphomas with both natural CD30hi lymphomagenesis and spontaneous regression. The exact mechanism of neoplastic transformation from CD30lo expressing phenotype to CD30hi expressing neoplastic phenotype is unknown. Here, using microarray, proteomics and Systems Biology modeling
we compare the global gene expression of CD30lo and CD30hi cells to identify key pathways of neoplastic transformation. We propose and test a specific mechanism of neoplastic transformation, and genetic resistance, involving the MDV oncogene Meq, host gene products of the Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kappaB) family and CD30
we also identify a novel Meq protein interactome.RESULTS:Our results show that a) CD30lo lymphocytes are pre-neoplastic precursors and not merely reactive lymphocytes
b) multiple transformation mechanisms exist and are potentially controlled by Meq
c) Meq can drive a feed-forward cycle that induces CD30 transcription, increases CD30 signaling which activates NF-kappaB, and, in turn, increases Meq transcription
d) Meq transcriptional repression or activation of the CD30 promoter generally correlates with polymorphisms in the CD30 promoter distinguishing MD-lymphoma resistant and susceptible chicken genotypes e) MDV oncoprotein Meq interacts with proteins involved in physiological processes central to lymphomagenesis.CONCLUSIONS:In the context of the MD lymphoma microenvironment (and potentially in other CD30hi lymphomas as well), our results show that the neoplastic transformation is a continuum and the non-neoplastic cells are actually pre-neoplastic precursor cells and not merely immune bystanders. We also show that NF-kappaB is a central player in MDV induced neoplastic transformation of CD30-expressing lymphocytes in vivo. Our results provide insights into molecular mechanisms of neoplastic transformation in MD specifically and also herpesvirus induced lymphoma in general.
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Tartari, Giacomo. "Calculation of AC losses in the Central Solenoid of the Divertor Tokamak Torus." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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This project, realised in collaboration with ENEA Frascati, was aimed at the calculation of the power losses in electrodynamic transient in the Central Solenoid of the Divertor Tokamak Torus (DTT). The DTT machine is a fusion Tokamak machine being built by ENEA, in the location of Frascati, Roma.
The power losses are a fundamental parameter for the realisation and the design of the machine.
One of the constituents of the DTT is an articulated system of magnets, made up by different components; among these, the most important is the Central Solenoid, whose aim is also to
induce a strong current in the Plasma, which generates magnetic field lines in the poloidal direction, which are very important to confine the Plasma itself.
The project consisted, firstly, on the creation and validation of the model, by carrying out the calculation of the magnetic field on the axis of the Central Solenoid of the Divertor Tokamak Torus; first, only the contribution of the Central Solenoid was considered, then also, the Poloidal system was taken into account and to conclude, also the Plasma contribution was added. This omputation was performed in an analytical and in a numerical way: the results given by these two methodologies were compared and the trends totally coincided. Also, the values obtained were completely confirmed by the ones computed by ENEA.
Once the model was validated, we proceeded by performing the calculation of the losses in electrodynamic transient: an analytical model which calculates the coupling and hysteresis losses
in the Central Solenoid of the Divertor Tokamak Torus was developed. Moreover, the trends of these losses throughout the time and their distributions in the Central Solenoid’s modules
were found.
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Diéguez, Francisco Javier. "Role of nuclear factor-kappa B in the molecular toxicology of mercury in kidney and brain cells /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/15474.
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Deo, Rajesh. "Dust within the Central Regions of Seyfert Galaxies." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/phy_astr_diss/18.
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We present a detailed study of mid-infrared spectroscopy and optical imaging of Seyfert galaxies with the goal of understanding the properties of astronomical dust around the central supermassive black hole and the accretion disk. Specifically, we have studied Spitzer Space Telescope mid-infrared spectra of 12 Seyfert 1.8-1.9s and 58 Seyfert 1s and 2s available in the Spitzer public archive, and the nuclear dust morphology in the central 500 pc of 91 narrow and broad-line Seyfert 1s using optical images from the Hubble Space Telescope. We have also developed visualization software to aid the understanding of the geometry of the central engine. Based on these studies, we conclude that the nuclear regions of Seyfert galaxies are fueled by dusty spirals driven by the large-scale stellar bars in the host galaxy. The accumulation of dusty gas in the central kiloparsec leads to enhanced star formation. In this case, the circumnuclear starburst and the central engine compete for dominance in the heating of the circumnuclear dust. Emission from the heated dust is most clearly seen in the mid-infrared. We find that the spectra of Seyfert 2s show the most variety in the continuum shapes due to different starburst contributions. We find that the spectra of Seyfert 2s that are devoid of starburst contribution are dominated by a single thermal component at a temperature of T ~ 170 K. We also find that the mid-IR continua of Seyfert 1.8/1.9 galaxies are more like those of starburst-dominated Seyfert 2s than Seyfert 1s, contrary to expectations. We discuss the implications of these findings in the context of the Unified Model of AGN and the secular evolution of Seyfert nuclei.
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Rigoglio, Nathia Nathaly. "Controle epigenético do gene imprinted SNRPN durante o desenvolvimento e reprogramação nuclear em equídeos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-30052016-154726/.
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A tranferência nuclear de células somáticas (TNCS) está sendo utilizada para produzir cavalos de elite. No entanto, durante este procedimento pode ocorrer a perfuração da zona pelúcida, levando, ocasionalmente, à secção da massa celular interna, e conseqüente derivação de gêmeos monozigóticos. Além de serem relatadas alterações no processo de imprinting genômico, que conduzem ao desenvolvimento de doenças. Com a descoberta da possibilidade de reprogramar as células somáticas a um estado de pluripotência (iPSCs), estas células passaram a ser muito utilizadas em pesquisas de neurociência. Contudo, também ocorrem modificações epigenéticas durante esta reprogramação celular. Portanto, nossas hipóteses são que os gêmeos eqüinos gerados pela TNCS podem levar às irregularidades no desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso. O padrão de metilação do SNRPN nas estruturas dos fetos muares clonados, e as células iPSCs são diferentes dos padrões encontrados nos muares analisados. A expressão dos genes SNRPN, Necdin e UBE3A são maiores no cérebro, enquanto a expressão do H19 é maior nas membranas extra-embrionárias. Em nosso estudo, obtivemos duas gestações gemelares equinas derivadas da TNCS, que foram interrompidas com 40 e 60 dias de gestação, e comparados com gestações eqüinas únicas de idade similar. Diferenças no comprimento entre os embriões gêmeos foram observadas aos 40 (2.0 e 2.2 cm 10%) e aos 60 (6,5 e 8,5 cm 24%) dias de gestação. Somente o plexo coróide do quarto ventrículo apresentou-se mais desenvolvido nos fetos com maior comprimento. Ao analisarmos fetos muares clonados em diferentes idades gestacionais e compará-los com muares, nos períodos embrionário, fetal e adulto, não foi observada diferença no padrão de metilação do gene SNRPN. No entanto, na décima passagem das células iPSC o padrão de metilação alterou, em relação aos muares estudados e ao padrão observado nos fibroblastos. Ao analisarmos os fetos clonados nas diferentes idades gestacionais observou-se no cérebro menor expressão dos gene H19 e UBE3A, e maior expressão do gene SNRPN. Contudo, a expressão do gene Necdin variou entre as estruturas estudadas. Em conclusão, apesar dos gêmeos eqüinos provenientes de TNCS diferirem quanto ao tamanho, morfologicamente são iguais. Dentre as estruturas cerebrais o plexo coróide se apresentou mais desenvolvido nos fetos de maior comprimento. Os fetos muares clonados não apresentaram diferença no padrão de metilação do gene SNRPN. No entanto, as iPSCs apresentaram alteração no padrão de metilação deste gene na décima passagem. Embora os genes SNRPN, Necdin e UBE3A sejam expressos no cérebro, o SNRPN apresentou-se prevalente nessa estruturaThe nuclear transfer of somatic cells (SCNT) is being used to produce elite horses. However, during this procedure can occur drilling of the zona pellucida, leading occasionally to the section of the inner cell mass, and subsequent derivation of monozygotic twins. Besides being related changes in genomic imprinting process, leading to the development of diseases. With the discovery of the possibility to reprogram somatic cells to a pluripotent state (iPSCs), these cells have become widely used in neuroscience research. However, also occur epigenetic changes during this cellular reprogramming. Therefore, our hypothesis is that equine twins caused by equine ART could lead to developmental irregularities of the nervous system. The patterns of SNRPN methylation in the structures of cloned mule fetuses and in iPSCs are different from the patterns found in the analyzed mules. And the expression of SNRPN, Necdin and UBE3A genes are higher in the brain, while the higher expression of H19 gene occurs in the extraembryonic membranes. In our study we derived two equine twin SCNT pregnancies that were interrupted at 40 and 60 days of gestation and compared to singleton fetuses of similar age. Differences in lengths between twin embryos were observed at both 40 (2.0 and 2.2 cm 10%) and 60 (6.5 and 8.5 cm 24%) days of gestation. Only the choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle more developed in the twins with the greatest length. Analyzing mules cloned fetuses at different gestational ages, and compare them with mules at embryonic, fetal and adult period; there was no difference in the pattern of methylation in SNRPN gene. However, in the tenth passage of the iPSCs the methylation pattern was altered in relation to the studied mules and the pattern observed in fibroblasts. When the cloned fetuses at different gestational ages were analyzed, the brain presented lower expression of H19 and UBE3A genes, and higher expression of SNRPN gene. However, the expression of Necdin gene varied among the structures studied. In conclusion, despite the twin horses from SCNT differ in size, they are morphologically identical. Among the brain structures the choroid plexus performed more developed in the fetuses of greater length. Cloned mules fetuses showed no difference in the pattern of methylation SNRPN gene. However, iPSCs have changes in the pattern of methylation of this gene in the tenth passage. Although SNRPN, Necdin and Ube3A genes are expressed in the brain, SNRPN is prevalent in this structure
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Giffoni, Silvyo David Araújo 1968. "Displasia frontonasal : estudo neurologico, neuropsicologico e neurorradiologico." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312242.
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Orientadores: Vera Lucia Gil da Silva Lopes, Vanda Maria Gimenes GonçalvesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A Displasia Frontonasal (DFN) é uma anomalia facial rara e heterogênea, caracterizada principalmente por hipertelorismo ocular e algum grau de bifidez nasal. Visando caracterizar os aspectos neurológicos, neuropsicológicos e neurorradiológicos dessa condição, foram avaliados 24 pacientes, sendo 12 com a forma isolada (Grupo I) e 12 associado a quadros de anomalias congênitas múltiplas (Grupo 11). O protocolo incluiu anamnese, investigação clínicodismorfológica, neurológica, neuropscológica e neurorradiológica [Rx de crânio, Tomografia Computadorizada de Crânio (TCC) e(ou) Ressonância Nuclear Magnética (RNM)]. Destaca-se a presença de fissura palatina no grupo I (6/12) e palato alto no grupo 11(9/12). Não houve diferença significativa entre os Grupos I e 11, quanto aos. aspectos neurológicos, sendo os resultados analisados em conjunto. Observou-se anomalias no formato do crânio (24/24), hipotonia muscular (24/24), alteração em nervos cranianos (19/24), na coordenação (18/24), no equilíbrio dinâmico (14/24) e na fala (8/24). Na avaliação do quociente de inteHgência (QI) houve predomínio da deficiência mental (6/18), seguida do QI fronteiriço (4/18). Os principais achados neurorradiológicos foram: Alterações em corpo caloso (12/24), alterações ventriculares (9/24), erros de migração neuronal (7/24) e alterações ósseas (7/24). Evidenciou-se alteração na angulação da implantação do corpo caloso, com aumento nos ângulos a, 13e y. Mensurando-se o vermis cerebelar, observou-se hipoplasia importante em 8/17 pacientes e vermis próximo ao limite inferior em 5/17. Em conclusão existem alterações neurológicas estruturais e(ou) funcionais que estão intrinsecamente relacionadas ao quadro facial da DFN, sendo evidente o envolvimento do corpo caloso e cerebelo na gênese do quadro neurológico
Abstract: Frontonasal dysplasia (DFN) is a heterogeneous and rare anomaly defined by ocular hyperthelorism and bifid nose. In order to better characterize neurological and neuroradiological aspects of this condition, we evaluated 24 patients, 12 isolated cases (group I) and 12 patients associated with multiple congenital anomalies (group 11). Protocol included anamnesis, clinical-dysmorphological, neurological, neuropsychological, and neuroradiological evaluations. More frequent dysmorphological findings were, palatine fissure in group 1(6/12) and high arched palate in group 11 (9/12). There were no significantdifferencesin the neurological aspects between group 1 and 11,therefore they were analyzed together. More frequent neurologicalabnormalities were hypotonia (24/24), abnormalities in cranial shape (24/24), in cranial nerves (19/24), in motor coordination (18/24), in dynamic equilibrium (14/24), and in language (8/24). Intelligence quotient measures revealed heterogeneous values, with predominance of mental deficiency (6/18), followed by borderline intelligence (4/18). Main neuroradiologic findings were abnormalities in the corpus callosum (12/24), in the ventricular system (9/24), errors of neuronal migration and bon.e changes (7/24). Measures of corpus callosum angulation revealed increase in a, f3 and y angles. Measures of the posterior fossa showed hypoplastic cerebellar vermis (8/17). In conclusion, there are structural and/or functional neurological abnormalities related to the facial picture of frontonasal dysplasia, being more evident the involvement of the corpus callosum and of the cerebellum in the genesis of the neurological picture
Mestrado
Genetica Medica
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
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Aydin, Inci, Ruth Villalonga-Planells, Lilo Greune, Matthew P. Bronnimann, Christine M. Calton, Miriam Becker, Kun-Yi Lai, Samuel K. Campos, M. Alexander Schmidt, and Mario Schelhaas. "A central region in the minor capsid protein of papillomaviruses facilitates viral genome tethering and membrane penetration for mitotic nuclear entry." PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624633.
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Incoming papillomaviruses (PVs) depend on mitotic nuclear envelope breakdown to gain initial access to the nucleus for viral transcription and replication. In our previous work, we hypothesized that the minor capsid protein L2 of PVs tethers the incoming vDNA to mitotic chromosomes to direct them into the nascent nuclei. To re-evaluate how dynamic L2 recruitment to cellular chromosomes occurs specifically during prometaphase, we developed a quantitative, microscopy-based assay for measuring the degree of chromosome recruitment of L2-EGFP. Analyzing various HPV16 L2 truncation-mutants revealed a central chromosome-binding region (CBR) of 147 amino acids that confers binding to mitotic chromosomes. Specific mutations of conserved motifs (IVAL286AAAA, RR302/5AA, and RTR313EEE) within the CBR interfered with chromosomal binding. Moreover, assembly-competent HPV16 containing the chromosome-binding deficient L2(RTR313EEE) or L2 (IVAL286AAAA) were inhibited for infection despite their ability to be transported to intracellular compartments. Since vDNA and L2 were not associated with mitotic chromosomes either, the infectivity was likely impaired by a defect in tethering of the vDNA to mitotic chromosomes. However, L2 mutations that abrogated chromatin association also compromised translocation of L2 across membranes of intracellular organelles. Thus, chromatin recruitment of L2 may in itself be a requirement for successful penetration of the limiting membrane thereby linking both processes mechanistically. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the association of L2 with mitotic chromosomes is conserved among the alpha, beta, gamma, and iota genera of Papillomaviridae. However, different binding patterns point to a certain variance amongst the different genera. Overall, our data suggest a common strategy among various PVs, in which a central region of L2 mediates tethering of vDNA to mitotic chromosomes during cell division thereby coordinating membrane translocation and delivery to daughter nuclei.
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Santos, Marcelo Carvalho dos, and Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear. "Modelo computacional paralelo baseado em GPU para cálculo em tempo real da dispersão atmosférica de radionuclídeos nas vizinhanças de uma central nuclear." Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, 2018. http://carpedien.ien.gov.br:8080/handle/ien/2466.
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Uma estimativa rápida e precisa da dispersão atmosférica de radionuclídeos (DAR) é de fundamental importância para o apoio a decisão em casos de acidentes com liberação de materiais radioativos em uma central nuclear. Com o objetivo de aperfeiçoar o sistema de dispersão atmosférica de radionuclídeos (SDAR) da Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA), foi proposto um refinamento nos cálculos dos modelos físicos envolvidos. No entanto, o refinamento desejado impõe um grande aumento no custo computacional, fazendo com que os computadores atuais necessitem de um tempo proibitivo para processar os cálculos, impossibilitando a execução do sistema em tempo real. Sendo assim, a fim de acelerar a execução deste sistema e permitir o seu uso efetivo na previsão de DAR em tempo real, é proposta uma abordagem utilizando computação paralela baseada em unidades de processamento gráfico (GPU). Essencialmente, o SDAR usado na CNAAA consiste em quatro módulos (programas) principais: Termo Fonte, Campo de Vento, Dispersão de Pluma e Dose, e Projeção. Este trabalho centra-se no desenvolvimento de uma versão paralela baseada em GPU do módulo Dispersão de Pluma e Dose, com foco no cálculo da dispersão. O módulo Dispersão de Pluma usa um modelo tridimensional de bufadas com trajetória lagrangeana e difusão gaussiana para realizar os cálculos do transporte e difusão de radionuclídeos na atmosfera. Devido às restrições do programa original, uma versão sequencial atualizada foi desenvolvida e utilizada como base para a implementação de um novo algoritmo paralelo baseado em GPU. O programa paralelo foi projetado usando a linguagem de programação C e o Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), em conjunto com técnicas de programação paralela. Como resultado, o tempo de execução de uma simulação do modelo do transporte e difusão de radionuclídeos refinado diminuiu de 2498,59 s (executado em uma CPU Intel-Core I5 7500) para 67,91 s (rodando em uma GPU GTX-1070). Aqui, as questões mais importantes da implementação paralela, bem como os resultados comparativos são apresentados e discutidos.
A fast and accurate estimate of the atmospheric dispersion of radionuclides (ADR) is of fundamental importance for support the decisions in cases of accidents involving the release of radioactive materials at a nuclear power station. Aiming to improve the atmospheric dispersion of radionuclides system (ADRS) of the Almirante Álvaro Alberto Nuclear Power Plant (CNAAA), a refinement was proposed in the calculations of the physical models involved. However, the desired refinement imposes a large increase in computational cost, making current computers need a prohibitive time to process the calculations, making it impossible to run the system in real time. Therefore, in order to accelerate the execution of this system and to allow its effective use in predicting real-time ADS, an approach using parallel computation based on GPUs is proposed. Essentially, the ADRS used in the CNAAA consists of four main calculation modules (programs): Source Term, Wind Field, Plume Dispersion and Dose, and Projection. This work focuses on the development of a parallel version based on the GPU of the Plume Dispersion and Dose module, with focus on the dispersion calculation. The Plume Dispersion and Dose module uses a three-dimensional model of lagrangian trajectory and Gaussian diffusion to perform calculations of the transport and diffusion of radionuclides into the atmosphere. Due to the constraints of the original program, an updated sequential version was developed and used as the basis for the implementation of a new GPU-based parallel algorithm. The parallel program was designed using the C programming language and the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), in conjunction with parallel programming techniques. As a result, the runtime of a refined dispersion model simulation decreased from 2498.59 s (running on an Intel-Core I5 7500 CPU) to 67.91 s (running on a GTX-1070 GPU). Here, the most important issues of parallel implementation as well as comparative results are presented and discussed.
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Dias, Cíntia Melazo. "Emissão de 14C pelas unidades I e II da Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) e seu efeito local nos níveis ambientais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/1938.
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Geologia, 2006.Submitted by Fernanda Weschenfelder (nandaweschenfelder@gmail.com) on 2009-10-07T19:50:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Cintia Melazo Dias.pdf: 4634963 bytes, checksum: 758314d9ec5efba3aee170fe32fcf97f (MD5)
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Made available in DSpace on 2009-10-13T14:36:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_Cintia Melazo Dias.pdf: 4634963 bytes, checksum: 758314d9ec5efba3aee170fe32fcf97f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10
O 14C é o único isótopo radioativo do carbono. Possui meia-vida de 5730 anos e é formado na estratosfera inferior (75 %) e na troposfera superior (25 %) via absorção de nêutrons, originários da radiação cósmica, por átomos de nitrogênio o ( N n C H 1 1 14 6 1 0 14 7 + → + ). Usinas nucleares também produzem 14C, em menor quantidade relativa à produção natural, mediante reação dos nêutrons da fissão e átomos de oxigênio e nitrogênio, principalmente. Esses elementos estão presentes no combustível e moderador e/ou refrigerante (nitrogênio ocorre como impureza). O 14C liberado se transforma em 14CO2 e incorpora-se à cadeia alimentar pelo processo da fotossíntese. Devido à sua longa meia-vida e importância biológica, quantificar as emissões tornou-se obrigatório em vários países no mundo. No Brasil, a Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) possui três plantas do tipo PWR, duas em operação, Angra I (657 MWe) e Angra II (1350 MWe), e a terceira, Angra III (1309 MWe), ainda em fase de construção. Angra I é um reator de fabricação americana (Westinghouse) e Angra II e III, alemã (Siemens). O objetivo desta pesquisa foi medir as concentrações de 14C nos efluentes gasosos (termo fonte) liberados pelas usinas de Angra I e II, bem como em amostras ambientais - ar atmosférico, plantas e solos - coletadas na área de influência da CNAAA (até cinco km de distância dos reatores). A tese está dividida em duas partes. A primeira consiste de extensa revisão sobre o assunto e a segunda é composta por quatro artigos. O artigo (1) trata da investigação das concentrações de 14C liberadas nos efluentes gasosos de Angra I e Angra II. Para amostragem em Angra I, um painel foi desenvolvido e implementado em junho de 2005. O 14C pode ser emitido em diferentes formas químicas: CO2 e hidrocarbonetos, principalmente. Em PWRs, os hidrocarbonetos são liberados preferencialmente (80 %). No sistema de Angra I, tanto os hidrocarbonetos como o CO2 foram amostradas. Em Angra II, o painel de amostragem funciona desde o início da operação da usina (2001), mas não discrimina as diferentes frações químicas. Os hidrocarbonetos são transformados em CO2 com o uso de um catalisador. O método da cintilação em meio líquido foi utilizado para as medidas das amostras. No artigo (2) discute-se a dispersão atmosférica do 14C com base nos resultados das análises de ar atmosférico coletado até três km de distância da CNAAA e em diferentes setores do vento. Na amostragem, empregou-se uma bomba de ar acoplada a um vidro borbulhador contendo solução de NaOH. À solução borbulhada, adicionou-se BaCl2 para precipitação do BaCO3. Para as medidas das amostras de BaCO3 foi utilizado o sistema de espectrometria de massa com único estágio de aceleração (SSAMS), localizado do Laboratório de Datação Radiocarbônica do Departamento de Geologia da Universidade de Lund, em Lund, na Suécia. O artigo (3) traz os resultados dos níveis de 14C medidos em gramíneas coletadas até uma distância de cinco km dos reatores, em diferentes direções do vento. As amostras foram medidas com uso do SSAMS. O quarto e último artigo envolve a análise dos solos para investigação de acúmulo de 14C devido ao funcionamento das usinas. Os solos foram coletados numa distância de, aproximadamente, um km dos reatores, na direção preferencial dos ventos, e a 50 km dos mesmos, numa área de preservação (referência), fora da influência das usinas. As medidas foram feitas com o uso do SSAMS. Medidas de carbono total, &13C e 137Cs também foram realizadas. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
14C is a is a long-lived beta-emitting nuclide (T1/2 = 5730 years) produced naturally in the upper atmosphere as a result of reactions between neutrons and stable 14N(14N(n,p)14C). Although in a lesser extent, nuclear power plants produce 14C as well during their routine operation. Since it is converted in 14CO2 and mixed throughout the atmosphere, it is incorporated into plant tissues, via photosynthesis process, and hence in food chain. Because of the biological importance of 14C and long half-life, it is of interest to quantify the amounts released by nuclear industry. The Brazilian nuclear central named Nuclear Central Admiral Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) has two nuclear reactors of PWR type in operation, Angra I (657 MWe) and Angra II (1350 MWe), and one under construction, Angra III (1309 MWe PWR). The aim of this study was to determine the strength of the sources and the 14C content in the environment through analyses of air, vegetation and soils taken within 5 km (the influenced area) of CNAAA. The thesis consists of an extensive review about the subject (part one) and of four papers (part two). The first paper is about the determination of 14C concentrations released by reactors (source strength). For Angra I, a device was developed in order to sample the gaseous effluents and for Angra II, a commercial monitoring system had already been implemented since its initial operation (2001). The 14C can be emitted as hydrocarbons, CO or CO2, depending on the type of reactor. For PWRs, the main chemical form released is hydrocarbons (80 %). The monitoring system of Angra I was planned to determine both CO2 and hydrocarbon fractions but in Angra II, all hydrocarbons are converted to CO2 by using a Pd/Al2O3 catalyst at 450 °C. The liquid scintillation was the method employed to measure the samples. The second one concerns the atmospheric dispersion of the released radiocarbon through measurements of air samples taken with 3 km from power plants, in five different wind directions. The sampling system consisted of a pump connected to a trapping column filled with 3 M NaOH solution. The trapped CO2 was, then, precipitated as BaCO3 using a BaCl2 solution. For the measurements, the single stage accelerator mass espectrometry system (SSAMS) was used. This system belongs to the Radiocarbon Laboratory located in Geology Department of Lund University, in Sweden. The third paper is the investigation of 14C content in vegetation samples. Since food chain starts with plants, these measurements are useful to estimate radiation exposure to local population. Grass samples were taken up to five km from power plants, in seven different wind directions. The SSAMS was employed for the analyses. The last paper involves the study of soils taken just close to power plants (within 1 km) and at 50 km far from them, in a reference area. Not only 14C content was determined but analyzes of δ13C, total C and 137Cs were also made. SSAMS was used for the 14C measurements.
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Canet, Geoffrey. "Rôle central des glucocorticoïdes et de leurs récepteurs dans l’étiologie de la Maladie d’Alzheimer." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTT019.
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La maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) se caractérise au niveau cérébral par l’agrégation des peptides β-amyloïdes (Aβ) à partir du clivage de la protéine précurseur de l’amyloïde (APP), et par l’hyperphosphorylation de la protéine Tau. Dans la MA, les déficits cognitifs sont associés une dérégulation précoce de l’axe endocrinien du stress (axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien ou HPA), à la surproduction conséquente de glucocorticoïdes (GC) et au dysfonctionnement de leurs récepteurs (GR). De nombreuses études montrent l’implication des GR dans la MA, notamment en favorisant la production d’Aβ et l’hyperphosphorylation de Tau. Dans un modèle aigu de la MA (injection icv d’une solution oligomérique de peptides oAβ25-35 chez le rat), nous avons observé un dysfonctionnement de l’axe HPA, associé à un ensemble d’altérations cellulaires rappelant la physiopathologie humaine. Il existe un cercle vicieux dans lequel la pathologie induit une surproduction de GC qui en retour potentialise la MA. L’objectif de ma thèse était donc de casser ce cercle vicieux à l’aide d’une nouvelle classe de molécules agissant comme des modulateurs sélectifs des GR (sGRm), afin de ralentir ou de renverser le décours de la pathologie. Les sGRm ont la particularité d'abroger les effets pathologiques des GR, tout en conservant leur signalisation physiologique. Dans une première étude, nous avons montré dans le modèle oAβ25-35 qu’un sGRm, le CORT113176, renversait dans l'hippocampe la totalité des modifications induites par la toxicité amyloïde (déficits de mémoire à court terme, taux de GC plasmatiques élevés, déficits synaptiques, neuroinflammation, apoptose et augmentation de la synthèse d'Aβ). Dans une deuxième étude, nous avons réalisé des analyses dans le cortex préfrontal. Cette structure d’intérêt dans la MA est également très riche en GR, suggérant que cette région est très sensible à la dérégulation de l’axe HPA. Ici, nous avons utilisé le sGRm comme outil pour caractériser l’implication des GR dans un certain nombre de voies de signalisations intracellulaires. Nous avons notamment observé l’état de phosphorylation des GR, leurs chaperonnes (HSP90/70), l’équilibre entre les voies de clivage amyloïdogénique et non-amyloïdogénique ou encore des enzymes impliquées dans la phosphorylation de GR et de Tau (GSK-3β, Cdk5, Calpain-1, Fyn). Les GR semblent être impliqués dans un grand nombre de processus associés à la toxicité induite par l’oAβ25-35, et le CORT113176 permet de renverser cette toxicité, mettant en avant le rôle central des GR dans la physiopathologie de la MA. Dans une dernière étude, suite à l'ensemble de ces premiers résultats, et afin de valider l'intérêt thérapeutique du CORT113176, nous avons tenté d’amener la preuve de concept via deux approches complémentaires. Tout d’abord, nous avons testé la robustesse du traitement avec le sGRm dans le modèle oAβ25-35 afin d’observer si le fait de casser le cercle vicieux en restaurant la physiologie de l’axe HPA, des GC et des GR permettait de lutter à long terme contre la pathologie. Les premiers résultats montrent que le CORT113176 renverse à long terme la toxicité amyloïde sur les paramètres mesurés précédemment, mais semble également renverser l’hyperphosphorylation de Tau. Enfin, nous avons voulu confirmer l’intérêt thérapeutique de casser le cercle vicieux dans un modèle de souris transgénique, la souris J20 (transgène de l’APP humain muté). Chez des animaux de 9 mois, le CORT113176 semble à nouveau renverser un grand nombre de marqueurs associés à la MA. L’ensemble de ces résultats place l’axe HPA et les GR au cœur de la physiopathologie de la MA, pouvant faire le lien entre la toxicité amyloïde et l’hyperphosphorylation de Tau. Ces travaux mettent également en évidence l’approche prometteuse représentée par les sGRm qui casse le cercle vicieux entre la dérégulation de l’axe HPA et la toxicité amyloïde, en rétablissant le rôle primaire des GC et des GR dans le maintien de l’homéostasieAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized in the brain by the aggregation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) from the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), and by the hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein. In AD, cognitive deficits are associated with an early dysregulation of the endocrine stress axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or HPA), the consequent overproduction of glucocorticoids (GC) and the alteration of their receptors (GR). Numerous studies demonstrate the involvement of GR in AD, particularly via the increase of Aβ production and the hyperphosphorylation of Tau. In an acute model of AD (icv injection of an oligomeric solution of oAβ25-35 peptides in rat), we observed a dysregulation of the HPA axis, associated with a set of cellular alterations reminiscent of the human pathophysiology. There is a vicious cycle in which the pathology induces an overproduction of GC, which in turn potentiates AD. The objective of my thesis was therefore to break this vicious cycle using a new class of molecules acting as selective GR modulators (sGRm). The sGRm have the particularity to abrogate the pathological effects of GR, while retaining their physiological signaling. In a first study, we showed in the oAβ25-35 model that a sGRm (CORT113176) reverses in the hippocampus all the alterations induced by amyloid toxicity (short-term memory deficits, high plasma GC levels, synaptic deficits, neuroinflammation, apoptosis and increased Aβ synthesis). In a second study, we performed analyzes in the prefrontal cortex. This structure of interest in AD is also very rich in GR, suggesting that this region is very sensitive to deregulation of the HPA axis. Here, we used sGRm as a tool to characterize the involvement of GR in a number of intracellular signaling pathways. We notably observed the GR phosphorylation state, their chaperones (HSP90 / 70), the balance between the amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic pathways or the main enzymes involved both in GR and Tau phosphorylation (GSK-3β , Cdk5, Calpain-1, Fyn). GR appeared to be involved in numerous processes associated with oAβ25-35 toxicity, and CORT113176 reversed this toxicity, highlighting the central role played by GR in the pathophysiology of AD. In a final study, following all of these initial results, and in order to validate the therapeutic potential of CORT113176, we tried to bring the proof of concept via two complementary approaches. Firstly, we tested the robustness of the treatment with the sGRm in the oAβ25-35 model in order to observe whether breaking the vicious circle by restoring the physiology of the HPA axis, the GC and the GR could help at long-term to fight against the pathology. The first results showed that CORT113176 reversed at long-term the amyloid toxicity on the parameters measured previously, but also seems to reverse Tau hyperphosphorylation. Finally, we wanted to confirm the therapeutic interest of breaking the vicious circle in a transgenic mouse model of AD, the J20 mouse (mutated human APP transgene). In 9-month-old animals, CORT113176 again appeared to reverse a large number of markers associated with AD. All of these results place the HPA axis and GR at the heart of the pathophysiology of AD, which could make the link between amyloid toxicity and Tau hyperphosphorylation. This work also highlights the promising approach represented by sGRm which break the vicious circle between the deregulation of the HPA axis and amyloid toxicity, by restoring the primary role of GC and GR in the maintenance of homeostasis
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ALVES, Débora Mantoan. "Estimativa da densidade de neurônios da amígdala basolateral e central e avaliação comportamental de camundongos sob o uso de esteroides anabolizantes." Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2015. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/705.
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Os esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA) são sintéticos derivados da testosterona que possuem propriedades anabólicas e androgênicas que promovem o aumento de massa muscular e o peso corporal. Esses fármacos vêm sendo utilizados em academias e centros de treinamento físico sem qualquer critério ou controle, representando um alto risco à saúde dos usuários, inclusive de ordem neurológica, como sintomas agressivos. Portanto, este estudo investigou o efeito dos EAAs sobre a distribuição de neurônios em áreas especificas do cérebro: a amígdala basolateral e central, bem como o impacto dessas drogas no comportamento de camundongos. Foram utilizados 40 camundongos machos da linhagem Swiss, do Biotério da Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal- MG), divididos em 4 grupos (n=10): G1: Controle, G2: tratado com o anabolizante Deca durabolin®, G3: tratado com o anabolizante Durateston® e G4: tratado em ciclo com os dois anabolizantes, concomitantemente. Os camundongos foram tratados por dois meses, recebendo as doses dos EAAs e praticando natação. Após realizado o teste comportamental com labirinto em cruz elevado os camundongos foram eutanasiados, os cérebros retirados e armazenados em paraformaldeído a 4% 0,1M. Para a análise da estimativa da densidade de corpos celulares de neurônios foi utilizada a metodologia de contagem aleatória simples. O resultado da quantificação neuronal mostra que houve redução significativa de corpos celulares de neurônios nas regiões analisadas nos grupos tratados com anabolizantes em comparação com o grupo controle. A análise comportamental no labirinto em cruz elevado mostrou que os camundongos tratados com esteroides anabolizantes apresentaram um perfil ansiolítico quando comparados ao grupo controle.The anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of testosterone, which possess anabolic and androgenic properties that promote increase in muscle mass and body weight. These drugs have been used in gyms and physical training centers without any criteria or control, representing a high health risk to users, including neurological, such as aggressive symptoms. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of AAS on neurons distribution act in specific brain areas: basolateral and central amygdala, as well as the impact of these drugs in mice behavior. 40 male mice of Swiss strain were used, from the Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL – MG) bioterium, divided into 4 groups (n=10): G1: Control, G2: treated with anabolic steroid Deca durabolin®, G3: treated with anabolic steroid Durateston® and G4: treated in cycle with both anabolic steroids, concomitantly. Mice were treated for two months, receiving the AAS doses and practicing swimming. After the behavioral test with elevated plus-maze was performed mice were euthanized, the brains were removed and stored in 4% paraformaldehyde 0,1M. For the analysis of the estimation of neuron cell bodies density, simple random counting method was used. The result of neuron quantification shows that there was significantly decrease of neuron cell bodies in the analyzed regions in groups treated with anabolic steroids, in comparison with the control group. Behavior analysis in elevated plus-maze showed that mice treated with anabolic steroids presented a anxiolytic profile when compared to the control group.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
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Mikhaleva, Sofya [Verfasser], and Edward A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Lemke. "In situ high resolution studies of the FG-nucleoporins in the central channel of the nuclear pore complex / Sofya Mikhaleva ; Betreuer: Edward A. Lemke." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222166232/34.
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Neff, Thomas. "Short ranged central and tensor correlations in nuclear many-body systems towards ab initio calculations using realistic interactions within the unitary correlation operator method /." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/223/1/diss.pdf.
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In this work a unitary correlation operator is presented that explicitly describes the short-ranged central and tensor correlations in the nuclear many-body system. These short-ranged correlations are induced by the repulsive core and the pronounced tensor force of realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions and cannot be described by the simple many-body states of a mean-field or shell model approach. The unitary correlation operator is discussed for the Argonne V18 and the Bonn-A interactions. Applying the correlation operator onto the Hamiltonian a common effective interaction for low momenta is obtained. Calculations for 4He using the one- and two-body part of the correlated Hamiltonian compare favorably with exact many-body methods. Calculations for 16O and 40Ca which are not possible with exact methods are performed using harmonic oscillator shell model states. The observed deviation from the experimental binding energies and radii is attributed to the missing three-body forces. The correlated interaction in a basis-free representation is used in the Fermionic Molecular Dynamics model to calculate the nuclei of the p- and the sd-shell. In this model the uncorrelated many-particle state is given as a Slaterdeterminant of Gaussian wave-packets with spin and isospin degrees of freedom which allows a consistent description of spherically symmetric, intrinsically deformed and clustered nuclei.
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Zucchi, Fabíola Cristina Ribeiro. "Estabelecimento de um modelo experimental de neurotuberculose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17140/tde-15042011-160316/.
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A tuberculose (TB) é um grave problema de saúde pública. Somente no ano de 2004, cerca de 9 milhões de pessoas desenvolveram TB ativa e mais de 2 milhões de pessoas morreram da doença. O desenvolvimento de novos modelos experimentais de TB seriam de grande utilidade para para elucidar mecanismos fisiopatológicos da doença e testar esquemas terapêuticos para a prevenção e contenção da doença. Além disso, o desenvolvimento de novas vacinas torna-se indispensável como ferramenta de prevenção e controle da TB. A TB no sistema nervoso central (SNC), assim como em outros tecidos do organismo, promove a ativação de células inflamatórias. No SNC a micróglia desempenha este papel, sendo capaz de produzir ou ser influenciada por mediadores solúveis. Vários mediadores estão envolvidos nos mecanismos moleculares decorrentes da infecção e inflamação causados pela TB, entre eles: NFB, iNOS e VEGF. A ativação do NFB, um fator de transcrição citoplasmático que sob estímulo migra para o núcleo celular, tem íntima relação com a indução da iNOS e de VEGF. A resistência intracelular a patógenos, inclusive ao Mycobacterium tuberculosis, parece estar associada a expressão de iNOS em macrófagos. O óxido nítrico (NO) tem papel importante na comunicação intercelular, estimulando a síntese de mediadores inflamatórios, como as citocinas, e regulando sua própria produção endógena. Estas citocinas por sua vez também podem induzir a atividade do NFB e a expressão da iNOS e VEGF. O VEGF é um potente ativador de permeabilidade vascular e de angiogênese, envolvido na ruptura da barreira hemato-encefálica. Neste estudo, mostramos a caracterização morfológica e imuno-histoquímica de um modelo murino de TB no SNC, com a indução da doença pela inoculação de BCG. Com este modelo experimental obtivemos importantes resultados que podem esclarecer mecanismos envolvidos na fisiopatologia da neuro-TB humana. A indução de meningite e tuberculomas foi possível através da inoculação de 104 cfu de BCG no cerebelo de camundongos, por estereotaxia, e esta indução foi dependente do tempo. A confirmação do diagnóstico foi feita pela detecção de bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes (BAAR), nas lesões tuberculosas. Observamos, ao longo do tempo (1 a 6 dias; 1, 2, 4 e 8 semanas) o recrutamento de diferentes populações gliais (micróglia e astrócitos) no sítio de injeção. Houve aumento de produção e ativação NFB nas lesões tuberculosas, caracterizada pela translocação da molécula do citoplasma para o núcleo celular. Houve expressão de iNOS restrita às lesões tuberculosas, além do aumento de expressão de VEGF nestas lesões. Além disso, camundongos imunizados com a vacina gênica hsp65, contra a TB, não expressam VEGF em suas lesões. Esta vacina parece conferir um efeito protetor em nosso modelo experimental, reduzindo a expressão de VEGF, e consequentemente reduzindo seu efeito angiogênico decorrente do processo inflamatório. O recrutamento glial, e a produção de mediadores solúveis (NFB, iNOS e VEGF) pelo hospedeiro, em resposta à invasão do patógeno no SNC, parecem estar envolvidos na fisiopatologia da neurotuberculose, como demonstrado neste modelo experimental. Nosso modelo permitirá investigar fatores possivelmente responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento e manutenção de lesões tuberculosas no SNC. O objetivo final seria elucidar a fisiopatologia desta grave doença e compreender eventos moleculares envolvidos na produção de lesões. O conhecimento gerado poderá permitir o delineamento de terapias específicas e efetivas.Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health problem; in 2004, 9 million people developed active TB and the disease killed 2 million patients. Development of experimental models and new vaccines are essential both to elucidate physiopathological mechanisms and to control the disease. This infection in the central nervous system (CNS), as in other tissues of the organism, activates inflammatory cells. In CNS, this role is performed by the microglia, which is capable of producing or be influenced by soluble mediators. Several mediators are involved in the molecular mechanisms of the infection and inflammation by mycobacteria , such as NFB, iNOS and VEGF. NFB activation, a cytoplasmic transcriptional factor that migrates to the cellular nucleus under stimuli, is involved with the iNOS and VEGF induction of expression. The intracellular resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been associated with iNOS expression in macrophage cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is crucial in intercellular communication, modulating the synthesis of mediators of inflammation, such as cytokines, and modulation itself. These cytokines induces NFB activity, and induces iNOS and VEGF expression. VEGF is a potent activator of vascular permeability and of angiogenesis and it is a factor involved in the breakdown of the blood brain-barrier in tuberculous meningitis. In this study, we showed the morphologic and immunohistochemistry characterization of an experimental model of TB in the CNS, with inoculation of BCG in mice. In this model we elicited important outcome that can elucidate mechanisms involved in the physiopathology of human neuron-TB. Induction of meningitis and tuberculomas were possible with stereotaxic inoculation of 104 cfu of BCG in mice cerebellum, in a time-dependent way. Diagnostic was confirmed by detection of alcohol-acid resistant bacilli (BAAR), in tuberculous lesions. We observed, the time-course (1 to 6 days; 1, 2, 4 e 8 weeks) of the recruitment of different glial populations (microglia and astrocytes) in the injection site. There was increased production and activation of NFB in the tuberculous lesions, it was characterized by its nuclear translocation from cytoplasm. There was iNOS expression only in the tuberculous lesions, and expression increased of VEGF in these lesions. Furthermore, mice immunizated with vaccine DNA-hsp65 there was no expression of VEGF in its lesions. This vaccine seems confer a protector effect in our experimental model, reducing the expression of VEGF, and then reducing its angiogenic effect derived from inflammatory process. Glial recruitment, and the soluble mediators production (NFB, iNOS e VEGF) by the host, producing in response to invasion of the pathogen in the CNS, has been involved in the pathophysiology of the neuro-TB, such as demonstrated in this experimental model. Our model will allow investigate possible factors responsible for the development and maintenance of tuberculous lesions in the CNS. The final aim is to elucidate the physiopathology of this serious illness and understand the molecular events involved in the production of the lesions. The knowledge created may permit to pave the way to delineate specific and effective therapies.
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Macedo, Junior Fernando Cesar de. "Aplicação de ressonancia magnetica nuclear no estudo de biossintese de metabolitos secundarios e na investigação da bioquimica de tumores do sistema nervoso central in vito." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249252.
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Orientador : Anita J. MarsaioliTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T23:44:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MacedoJunior_FernandoCesarde_D.pdf: 8391854 bytes, checksum: 1aa2d2d1ac39e43db339f0482e3e7895 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004
Doutorado
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Townsend, Josiah H. "Inventory and conservation assessment of the herpetofauna of the Sierra de Omoa, Honduras, with a review of the Geophis (Squamata: Colubridae) of eastern Nuclear Central America." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013940.
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Chénard, Carol Anne. "Ribonucleoprotein complexes and protein arginine methylation : a role in diseases of the central nervous sytem." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115894.
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For the past 45 years, QKI has been studied for its role in the processes of development and central nervous system myelination using the qkv mouse. The presence of a single KH domain and the recent identification of a high-affinity binding site in mRNAs, suggests that it can bind to and regulate mRNAs through processes such as stability, splicing and transport. As a member of the STAR RNA binding family of proteins the QKI isoforms may also be involved in cell signaling pathways.QKI's involvement in all of these processes, lead us to examine both the protein partners and the mRNA targets of the QKI complex in order to identify potentially new pathways regulated by QKI. In doing so, we identified a novel direct protein-protein interaction with PABP and for the first time described the relocalization of QKI to cytoplasmic granules following oxidative stress. In addition, in vivo mRNA interaction studies were performed and allowed the identification of approximately 100 new mRNA targets in human glioblastoma cells. One of the targets identified was VEGF mRNA.
Another QKI target mRNA is MBP, a major protein component of the myelin sheath and the candidate auto-antigen in multiple sclerosis (MS). In vivo MBP is symmetrically dimethylated on a single arginine residue. To further establish the role of the methylation of MBP in myelination, a methyl-specific antibody and an adenovirus expressing a recombinant protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) was generated. We show that methylated MBP is found in areas of mature myelin and that overexpression of the PRTM5 blocked the differentiation of oligodendrocytes.
Taken together these datas implicate QKI for the first time in the process of human cancer angiogenesis and could explain the vascularization defects observed in some of the qkI mutant mice. In addition, arginine methylation of MBP may prove to have an important role in the process of myelination and in the pathogenesis of demyelination and the autoimmune reaction in diseases such as MS.
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Reyes, Rupa Renzo Jeanpaul. "Comparación entre los hallazgos clínicos y resonancia magnética nuclear con la artroscopia en pacientes con lesiones de rodilla en el Hospital Militar Central entre los años 2011-2016." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2017. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/893.
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OBJETIVO: Comparar los hallazgos clínicos y la RMN con la artroscopia para el diagnóstico de las lesiones de rodilla en los pacientes atendidos en el hospital militar central entre 2011-2016. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico con naturaleza observacional, no experimental. El universo de 1400 pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Militar Central 2011-2016, pasaron por examen clínico (EF), Resonancia Magnética (RMN) y artroscopia en rodilla afectada. Se usaron pruebas de validez diagnostica, sensibilidad (S), especificidad (E), de seguridad diagnostica, valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN), prueba de X2 y curva ROC. RESULTADOS: RMN tiene (S) 94,9%vs81,6%, (E) 72,6%vs70%, (VPP) 81,2%vs77,2% y (VPN) 91,9%vs75,3% comparado con EF de meniscopatía medial (MM). En el diagnóstico de meniscopatía lateral (ML), RMN tiene (S) 81,2%vs78,1%, (E) 71,5%vs70,1%, (VPP) 77,4%vs75,9% y (VPN) 76%vs72,8% comparado con EF. En lesión de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), EF tiene (S) 69,8%vs63,5%, (E) 82%vs78,3%, (VPP) 66,5%vs60% y (VPN) 84,1%vs80,7% comparada con RMN. Y en lesión de ligamento cruzado posterior (LCP), la RMN tiene (S) 91,7%vs83,3% del EF, (E) en el EF 99,3%vs99,1% de la RMN, (VPP) 50%vs47,8% de la RMN y (VPN) equitativo de 99,9% en ambos pruebas. CONCLUSIONES: RMN presenta más (S), (E), (VPP) y (VPN) que en EF, en comparación a los hallazgos artroscópicos para diagnosticar MM, ML y lesión de LCP caso contrario en el LCA donde el EF prevalece sobre la RMN.
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Arnold, Richard, Don Cloquet, Betty L. Cornelius, Maurice Frank, Gaylene Moose, and Richard W. Stoffle. "Tevitsi Yakakante (It is Crying Hard) American Indian Rapid Cultural Assessment of DOE Nevada Operations Office Environmental Restoration Activities at Double Tracks, Clean Slate, and the Central Nevada Test Area." Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/272094.
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This is a report of cultural resource identifications, evaluations, and potential impact
assessments made by the American Indian Rapid Cultural Assessment team (RCA) who represent the Consolidated Group of Tribes and Organizations (CGTO). The RCA team is composed of the American Indian Writers Subgroup (AIWS) who were selected by the CGTO to participate in the development of the Nevada Test Site Environmental Impact Statement (NTS EIS). The study was part of the on-going consultation program established between the Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office (DOE/NV) and the 17 American Indian tribes and 3 Indian organizations who have traditional and historic ties to DOE/NV managed lands.
This study responded to two DOE/NV American Indian consultation activities (1) the recent site-wide environmental impact statement for the NTS and (2) Presidential Executive Order #13007 regarding American Indian sacred sites protection. The study was an outgrowth of the on-going DOE/NV American Indian Consultation Program.
The RCA team was asked to visit three different study locales (1) Double Tracks; (2)
Clean Slates 1, 2, and 3; and (3) Central Nevada Test Area. The first study locale is on the Nellis Air Force Range (NAFR), the second place located on the TTR, and the third locale involves small sections of land surrounded by Bureau of Land Management and Forest Service lands in Hot Creek Valley. At each location the DOE/NV conducted some type of testing activity, which resulted in either radioactivity or hazardous wastes becoming part of the site. The
DOE/NV Environmental Restoration Division then conducted actions that resulted in the removal or isolation of wastes from these past activities.
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Spurgin, Anthony. "Application of cybernetic models in the study of safety and economics of nuclear power systems and other high risk organizations : a study of nuclear power and high risk organizations to understand the central role of management in the safety and economics of these operations." Thesis, City University London, 2013. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/2980/.
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The safety and economics of nuclear utilities and High Risk Operations (HROs) is very dependent on the quality of both the management and operations personnel. The decisionmaking capability of management is important in ensuring that the operators are adequately prepared to deal effectively with accidents. This means that management has to understand the risk of power production and adequately deal with it, so that the viability of the utility is not compromised, while still operating in an economical manner. The vehicle for enabling management to function effectively is a dynamic designed organizational structure in which all personnel communicate well and is designed to use the best features of human performance according to their roles within the organization. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the application of Beer’s Viable Systems Model of an organization to see if it fits the requirements of nuclear power plant (NPP) organizations to be both economical and safe and to propose modifications to VSM to more closely match the needs and requirements for NPP organizations. It is realized that organizations can operate effectively when they are not operating under stress, however the situations changes when they are subjected to accidents. A well designed organization is one that is prepared and can respond quickly to an accident. Because of the possible impact of accidents on organizations, the thesis studied a number of accidents that have occurred in the nuclear industry and to cover the more general case of HROs, accidents affecting other industries were also considered. Based upon the accident investigations and from the study of human behavior, insights were developed related to characteristics of both managers and operations personnel. These insights led to the development of an understanding of how VSM needs to be considered when dealing with HROs, including NPP utilities. The top down structure of VSM mirrors the basic needs of an organization, but the demands of responding to the safety requirements of an organization requires an understanding of the effects of the time response limits placed upon an organization. These requirements dictate changes to the VSM organization designed for normal commercial organizations, where time for decisions and actions are not so important and these changes are addressed. Although in normal commercial organizations risk assessment is considered, in the NPP utility and HROs business it is extremely important, since poor decisions with respect to risk can affect the viability of the organization. The thesis covers the use of risk assessment technology to improve management decision-making. Currently, the industry uses risk assessment techniques for total plant risk (more for licensing purposed) and for plant state risk assessment. The contribution of the thesis is seen as contributing to improvements in the understanding of VSM and making some modifications to it. The importance of time response of organizations in combating accidents and its human performance background is demonstrated and the mechanisms whereby performance is improved by the use of procedures and training is explained.
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Safadi, Thiago Moreira. "Uma percepção geográfica dos riscos do empreendimento termonuclear sobre a comunidade da Vila do Frade, Angra dos Reis, RJ." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7767.
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A comunidade da Vila do Frade encontra-se localizada a 5 km de distância em linha reta do reator da central Nuclear almirante Álvaro Alberto, angra dos Reis, RJ. Possui uma população heterogênea, miscigenada por intensos processos de migração ocorridos a partir da década de 1960 em busca das oportunidades de emprego oferecidos pela industrialização local. Ao longo do tempo, parte dessa população assumiu o risco de morar próximo a um reator nuclear, e por isso, migrou em direção as ofertas de emprego oferecidas pelas atividades da central nuclear. Porém, outra parte da população, já residente na região antes da instalação dos reatores nucleares, foi obrigada a conviver com os riscos ou a migrar. À medida que as transformações territoriais avançaram pelas diferentes áreas do município passaram a expor a sociedade local a riscos nunca antes experimentados. Entendido como um processo ou o produto da frequência de ocorrência de um evento no tempo, o risco pode ser assumido, gerenciado ou negligenciado. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa buscou, através de um estudo empírico, compreender como os diferentes agentes sociais locais convivem com os riscos da atividade nuclear. Foi objetivo da pesquisa a análise da concepção do conceito e da condição de risco por parte dos diferentes agentes sociais constituintes da comunidade da Vila do Frade, Angra dos Reis. Além disso, foi discutido o papel do Estado no processo do ordenamento territorial local. Para tal, uma metodologia baseada no estudo da percepção ambiental dos diferentes agentes sociais locais foi elaborada. As atividades foram precedidas de um levantamento bibliográfico capaz de dar suporte as investigações, além disso, foram realizadas entrevistas quantitativas e qualitativas com as diferentes representações sociais local. As entrevistas quantitativas foram organizadas num banco de dados e utilizadas para compor uma caracterização da população local no que se refere aos conhecimentos necessários para a aplicação do plano de emergência externo da central nuclear. As entrevistas qualitativas foram organizadas num questionário semiestruturado, composto por perguntas abertas e fechadas, e tiveram como objetivo geral uma compreensão da influência da central nuclear nos processos de desenvolvimento humano local. Para a maioria dos entrevistados a falta de um instrumental metodológico capaz de abranger com maior eficiência todas as áreas, classes sociais da comunidade da Vila do Frade e levar com clareza as questões que se colocam dentro do plano de emergência externo são apontados como o principal fator de risco existente na região.The community of Vila do Frade is located 5 km away, on a straight line, from the reactor of the nuclear power plant Almirante Álvaro Alberto, Angra dos Reis, RJ . It has a heterogeneous population, mixed-race from intense migration processes, which started occurring inthe 1960s, in search of employment opportunities offered by the local industrialization. Over time, part of this population took the risk of living near a nuclear reactor, and, therefore, migrated towards the jobs offered by the activities of nuclear power plant. However, another part of the population, resident in the region before the installation of nuclear reactors, was forced to live with the risk or to migrate. As the territorial transformations advanced through different areas of the city, the local community started being exposed to risks they had never experienced before. Understood as a process or the product of the frequency of occurrence of an event in time, the risk can be assumed, managed or neglected. Thus, this research sought, through an empirical study, to understand how the different local social agents live with the risks of nuclear activity. Objective of the research was the analysis of the concept design and the condition of risk by social workers of the different constituents of the Vila do Frade, Angra dos Reis community. Moreover, discussed the role of the state in local land use planning process. To this end, a methodology based on the study of the environmental perception of different local social agents was prepared. The activities were preceded by a bibliographical survey capable of supporting investigations; moreover, quantitative and qualitative interviews with different social local representations were made. The quantitative interviews were organized in a database and used to compose a characterization of the local population with regard to the knowledge needed to implement the external emergency plan for nuclear power plant. The qualitative interviews were arranged in a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions, and with the overarching goal of an understanding of the influence of nuclear power plant in the processes of local human development. For most respondents, the lack of a methodological tool able to cover more efficiently all areas and social classes of the community Vila do Frade and to clearly lead the issues that arise within the external emergency plan are pointed out as the main factor of risk that exists in the region.
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Kraus, Kristina [Verfasser], and MELITTA [Akademischer Betreuer] SCHACHNER. "The functional role of the cell adhesion molecule L1 in mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics and the functional consequences of L1´s interaction with nuclear receptors in the murine central nervous system / Kristina Kraus ; Betreuer: Melitta Schachner." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1145142699/34.
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Vivanco, Paredes Antonio Enrique. "Hallazgos por resonancia magnética en pacientes con lesión de ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla, Hospital Militar Central, Lima-Perú. Enero 2011- diciembre 2011." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9922.
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El documento digital no refiere asesorPublicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor
Manifiesta que la rodilla es una articulación sometida a grandes requerimientos mecánicos. Por su localización y biomecánica, es la articulación más comúnmente lesionada del organismo. Posee una amplia movilidad y una estabilidad que depende de múltiples estructuras musculares, tendinosas y ligamentarias. La estabilidad pasiva de la rodilla está dada por sus ligamentos, siendo el ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), un estabilizador crucial, encargado de la estabilización anterior y rotacional, el que con mayor frecuencia se lesiona. Hasta el 70% de los pacientes con lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla (LCA), tiene otras lesiones intraarticulares, principalmente, del ligamento colateral medial (LCM) y/o del menisco medial. En la población militar, frecuentemente expuesta a traumatismos de la rodilla, la lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) y las potenciales lesiones asociadas a ésta, no son un padecimiento infrecuente. Su falla funcional ocasiona inestabilidad anterolateral, que se asocia a mediano y largo plazo, con artrosis y otras lesiones que producen limitación y discapacidad funcional progresivas. Se revisaron 70 informes radiológicos de resonancia magnética de rodilla con lesión de ligamento cruzado anterior y otras lesiones concomitantes asociadas. El objetivo fue determinar los hallazgos asociados a lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla por resonancia magnética, en pacientes del hospital Militar Central, en el periodo enero 2011 – diciembre 2011. La ventaja de la resonancia magnética, es la identificación de los hallazgos obtenidos con la radiografía y la ecografía, con una mejor evaluación de los elementos anatómicos, con una mejor resolución de contraste que con las otras modalidades de estudio por imagen, permitiendo una adecuada caracterización de los hallazgos principales, secundarios y asociados, vistos y evaluados estos, desde los planos sagital, axial y coronal, con un mejor detalle respecto a la morfología, localización, dimensiones, profundidad, extensión y relaciones anatómicas, todo lo cual, brinda información muy útil para una adecuada y óptima conducta terapéutica. El hallazgo más frecuente encontrado en lesión de ligamento cruzado anterior, fue la contusión del cóndilo femoral lateral y del platillo tibial postero lateral.
Trabajo académico
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Chaar, Laiali Jurdi El. "Hipertensão arterial e disfunção autonômica induzidas por dieta hiperlipídica: papel do CART e de fatores inflamatórios em núcleos autonômicos do sistema nervoso central." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-05092016-160200/.
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Obesidade é fator de risco para a hipertensão arterial e os mecanismos envolvidos nesta doença não são totalmente esclarecidos. Camundongos C57BL/6J e transgênicos com com deleção em neurônios e glia da via inflamatória do receptor toll-like-NFκB foram submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica (HL) por 8 e 15 semanas e avaliados parâmetros metabólicos, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo, fatores inflamatórios e neuropeptídeos no hipotálamo e no tronco encefálico. Os camundongos expostos HL desenvolveram hipertensão arterial acompanhada de disfunção autonômica e aumento de CART no DMH. Os animais transgênicos quando submetidos à dieta HL desenvolveram um quadro de obesidade, porém não apresentaram hipertensão arterial e disfunção autonômica. Além disso, o grupo de animais HL aumentou o RNAm de CCL5 no hipotálamo e de CD86 no tronco-encefálico e a densidade de microglia no NTS caudal. Os resultados sugerem novos mecanismos para a hipertensão e disfunção autonômica secundárias à ingestão de dieta hiperlipídica mostrando o papel do CART o DMH e o envolvimento da via inflamatória do TLR-NFκB em neurônios e glia nos mecanismos desta patologia.Obesity is a risk factor for high blood pressure and the mechanisms involved in this disease are not fully clarified. C57BL/6J and transgenic mice with toll-like-NFκB receptor inflammatory- pathway deletion in neurons and glia were fed with high-fat diet (HL) for 8 or 15 weeks and assessed metabolic parameters, blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic nervous system activity, inflammatory factors and neuropeptides in the hypothalamus and brainstem. The HL mice developed hypertension accompanied with autonomic dysfunction and increased CART in DMH. Transgenic animals when submitted to HL diet developed obesity, but not showed high blood pressure and autonomic dysfunction. In addition, HL animals had increased CCL5 mRNA in hypothalamus, CD86 mRNA in brainstem and micróglia density in caudal NTS. The results suggest new mechanisms for hypertension and autonomic dysfunction secondary to intake of high-fat diet by showing CART role in DMH and the involvement of the inflammatory pathway TLR-NFκB in neurons and glia.
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AKTI, Serkan. "NATO-Russian relation status and prospectives." Thesis, Monterey, California, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1326.
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Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited.Since the end of the Cold War, NATO has attributed great importance to the development of cooperation with Russia. This thesis, first, evaluates the main developments in NATO - Russian relations since 1991. Although Moscow and the Alliance established a NATO - Russia Council (NRC) and asserted the initiation of a qualitatively new relationship, Russia still needs to fulfill some requirements for catching up the Western standards. Russia's external relations and political, economic and security factors internal to Russia will determine the future of the relationship. This thesis examines Russia's political development and transformation of its economic system, and establishes the problems in its political and economic systems. It also examines Russia's problematic external relations in the region, and their impact on the NATO - Russian relationship. It looks into Russia's National Security Concept, explores regional conflicts such as Chechnya and Georgia, and the U.S. - NATO presence in Central Asia. Then, it examines the oil and natural gas transportation problems created by the Russian monopoly, and evaluates Russian technology transfers to Iran, particularly in the nuclear sector. Consequently, it evaluates the internal and external interactions mentioned above and offers conclusions about the prospects for security and stability in Europe.
Lieutenant, Turkish Navy
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Tardan, Vincent. "Le rôle de la communication d’un chef d’équipe dans l’élaboration collective de la conscience de la situation : Le cas du Maître de central dans l’équipe Sécurité-Plongée des sous-marins nucléaires d’attaque." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS064.
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La thèse s’inscrit dans un projet de recherche mené par l’Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA). Ce projet vise à répondre à une demande formulée par l’Amiral Commandant des Forces Océaniques et Stratégiques suite à plusieurs incidents dans lesquels un défaut de transmission des informations au sein de l’équipe Sécurité-Plongée des Sous-marins Nucléaires d’Attaque a été identifié comme un facteur causal.Terrain. L’équipe Sécurité-Plongée, située dans le Poste Central Navigation Opérations, est en charge de la conduite et du maintien de la sécurité du sous-marin. Cette équipe travaille en coopération étroite avec d’autres équipes, principalement par l’intermédiaire de la communication verbale (en présentiel et à distance). Une première analyse de l’activité a permis d’identifier le chef d’équipe comme un élément central dans la transmission des informations entre le commandement et les membres de l’équipe Sécurité-Plongée, en charge du contrôle direct du processus. Pour cela, il lui est nécessaire d’élaborer une conscience de la situation adaptée aux objectifs du commandement et aux contraintes auxquelles sont confrontés ses coéquipiers. La recherche de thèse porte sur les mécanismes d’élaboration de la conscience de la situation collective lors de la gestion d’une situation dynamique et à risques.Méthode. Nos observations ont été réalisées auprès de 15 équipes de 6 sous-mariniers, lors de situations de simulation qui s’intègrent dans leur entraînement évalué et préalable à un départ en mission. Ces situations sont fortement contraintes temporellement et sont ponctuées de plusieurs phases de résolution de problèmes. La méthode que nous avons mise en œuvre de façon à étudier l’élaboration de la conscience de la situation collective se base sur la caractérisation des interactions verbales de l’équipe Sécurité-Plongée.Problématique. La thèse défendue est que la conscience de la situation collective émerge à partir des informations partagées au sein de l’équipe. Le chef d’équipe occupant une place centrale dans ce réseau, la caractérisation des informations qu’il échange avec ses coéquipiers permet de rendre compte de la dynamique de l’élaboration de sa conscience de la situation collective.Partie empirique. ─ La première étude de la thèse consiste en l’analyse de l’activité lors d’un épisode intéressant du point de vue de l’élaboration de la conscience de la situation, avec l’alternance de phases de conduite et de résolution de problèmes. Cette étude nous a permis d’identifier la dynamique des tâches réalisées et d’établir deux critères de performance, un pour la conduite et un pour la résolution de problèmes. La seconde étude vise à caractériser les flux de communication en s’appuyant notamment sur une méthode issue de l’analyse des réseaux sociaux. L’objectif est d’étudier d’une part l’impact de l’expérience des opérateurs sur la structure de la communication verbale, et d’autre part les liens entre la structure du réseau et la performance (de conduite et de résolution de problème). La troisième étude vise à identifier les processus cognitifs et les objets mobilisés dans la communication verbale. L’objectif est d’analyser l’impact de l’expérience des opérateurs sur le contenu des communications verbales d’une part, et les liens entre le contenu des communications verbales et la performance d’autre part.L’originalité de la thèse réside en partie dans cette articulation de méthodes d’analyse de la structure et du contenu de la communication verbale, en lien étroit avec l’activité, de façon à comprendre comme s’élabore la conscience de la situation d’un individu central dans un collectif en situation dynamique et à risquesThis thesis is part of a research project conducted by the French Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute). The project aims to respond to a request made by the Admiral Commander of the Oceanic and Strategic Forces following several incidents in which a failure to transmit information within the SSN’s Diving Safety team was identified as a causal factor.Domain. The Diving Safety team, which is located in the Operation and Navigation Department, is responsible for the driving and maintenance of the submarine’s technical safety. This team works closely with other teams, mainly through verbal communication (face-to-face and remote). An initial analysis of their activities identified the team leader as a key element in the transmission of information between the command post and the members of the Diving Safety team, as this person has direct control of the process. The latter requires developing situation awareness (SA) that meets the objectives set by the command post and the constraints faced by his teammates. The research program described in this thesis focuses on the role of the team leader on mechanisms for developing collective SA when managing a dynamic and risky situation.Method. Our observations were made with 15 teams of 6 submariners, during simulation exercises that are part of their assessed training that is held prior to mission departure. These situations are highly time-constrained and are punctuated by several problem-solving phases. The method that we implemented to study the development of collective SA is based on the characterization of verbal interactions.Problem statement. We argue that collective SA emerges from the information shared within the team. Since the team leader is central in this network, the characterization of the information he exchanges with his teammates makes it possible to report on the dynamics of the development of the collective SA.Empirical studies. The first part of the thesis consists in the analysis of activity during an interesting episode from the point of view of developing SA, with alternating driving and problem-solving phases. This study allowed us to identify the dynamics of the tasks performed, and to establish two performance criteria, one for driving and one for problem solving. The second part aims to characterize communication flows based on a method derived from the social networks analysis. The objective is to study the impact of operators’ experience on the structure of verbal communication, on the one hand, and the links between the network structure and performance (driving and problem solving), on the other. The third part aims to identify in verbal communication the cognitive processes and objects involved in developing collective SA. The objective is to analyse the impact of operators’ experience on the content of verbal communication, on the one hand, and the links between the content of verbal communication and performance on the other.The originality of this thesis lies, in part, in this articulation of methods for analysing the structure and content of verbal communication, in close connection with the activity, in order to understand how collective SA develops in a dynamic and risky situation
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Lankinen, Minna, and Marina Westman. "Centrala venösa infarter på röntgenavdelningen : En litteraturöversikt om patientsäkerhet och bildkvalitet." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Medicinsk vetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-77332.
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Centrala venösa infarter används inom vården för att administrera läkemedel, ge parenteral nutrition och för blodprovstagning. Indikationer på att en patient behöver en central venös infart är att patienten behöver akut vård eller långvarig intravenös administrering av läkemedel. Många av dessa patienter behöver dessutom genomgå undersökningar via datortomografen (DT), där kontrastmedel kan krävas för att undersökningen ska kunna utföras. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversiktet var att sammanställa kunskap om centrala venösa infarters användbarhet vid administrering av kontrastmedel i samband med DT undersökningar. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt som baseras på tolv kvantitativa artiklar. Resultat: I de tolv artiklarna så uppmärksammades fyra kategorier som syftar till användbarheten: Tryck och Flödeshastigheter, Kateterspetsläge, Efterspolning och Diagnostisk bildkvalitet. Flera av studierna visade på kateterspetsförskjutning i samband med en kontrastmedelsinjektion med tryckspruta på DT. Tre av de fyra studier som kontrollerade bildkvalitet visade på bra diagnostisk bildkvalitet. Slutsats: Centrala venösa infarter är användbara vid administrering av kontrastmedel under datortomografiundersökningar under förutsättning att röntgensjuksköterskan har rätt kunskap om användandet av dem. Nationella riktlinjer behövs för att underlätta röntgensjuksköterskans arbete med dem så att hanteringen av dem utförs patientsäkert.Central venous access is used in healthcare for drug administration, blood sampling, and providing parenteral nutrition. Indications for a patient needing a central venous access are either that a patient needs urgent care or prolonged intravenous administration of drugs. Many of these patients also need to undergo examinations via computed tomography (CT), where contrast agents may be required for the examination to be performed. Purpose: The purpose of the literature review was to compile knowledge about the usability of central venous access during the administration of contrast agents in connection with CT examinations. Method: A general literature review based on twelve quantitative articles was performed. Result: In the twelve articles, four categories were observed with the aim being usefulness: Pressure and Flow Rates, Catheter Tip position, Flushing and also Diagnostic Image Quality. Several of the studies showed catheter tip displacement being in connection with a contrast injection of a syringe during the CT examinations. Three of the four studies that controlled image quality showed good diagnostic image quality. Conclusions: Central venous access is useful in the administration of contrast agents during computed tomography examinations, provided that the radiographer has the correct knowledge of their use. National guidelines are needed to facilitate the radiographers work with them so that their usability is carried out with patient safety in mind.
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Henri, Maxime. "Etude des propriétés de transport et d'équilibration de la matière nucléaire dans le domaine de l'énergie de Fermi." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC239/document.
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L’équation d’état de la matière nucléaire est un outil primordial dans la description des collisions entreions lourds, mais également dans la description de la formation d’objets ou de phénomènes astrophysiques(structure des étoiles à neutrons, fusion d’étoiles à neutron). Établir l’équation d’état de la matière nucléairerequiert de définir de manière précise les conditions thermodynamiques (densité, température, asymétrie pro-ton/neutron) dans lesquelles le systèmes évolue. Dans ce travail, nous abordons la problématique de l’étatd’équilibration maximal qui est atteint dans les collisions entre ions lourds, en terme d’énergie et d’isospin.Pour cela, nous utilisons la base de données expérimentale du multi-détecteur INDRA construite par lacollaboration au cours de ces 25 dernières années, en nous intéressant plus particulièrement aux collisionscentrales dans le domaine de l’énergie de Fermi, entre 10 et 100 MeV/nucléon. Nous présentons ainsi dansce document, comment à l’aide de simulation dédiées, il nous a été possible de relier le pouvoir d’arrêt de lamatière nucléaire à la section efficace de collision nucléon-nucléon dans la matière nucléaire. Nous apportonségalement des éléments de réponse au regard du transport de l’isospin dans les collisions centrales à l’aidedes rapports isobariques A = 3 construits à partir des tritons et des hélium-3. Ces différents résultats nouspermettent de mettre en avant le nouveau dispositif expérimental mis en place par les collaborations INDRAet FAZIA : le multi-détecteur FAZIA. Ce dernier est le résultat d’une période de recherche et développementde dix ans, ayant abouti à un multi-détecteur embarquant son électronique numérique sous vide, avec desperformances d’identification accrues (mesure de la charge Z et de la masse A jusqu’à Z = 25) par rapportaux multi-détecteurs des générations précédentesThe nuclear matter equation of the state is an essential tool in the description of heavy ion collisions,but also in the description of the formation of astrophysical objects or phenomena (neutron star structure,neutron stars fusion). Establishing the nuclear matter equation of state requires a proper definition of thethermodynamic conditions (density, temperature, proton/neutron asymmetry) in which the system evolves.In this work, we address the issue of equilibration reached in heavy ion collisions, in terms of energy andisospin. To do this, we use the experimental database of the INDRA array built by the collaboration over thepast 25 years, focusing on central collisions in the Fermi energy domain, between 10 and 100 MeV/nucleon.In this document, we present how, with the help of dedicated simulations, it has been possible to link thestopping power of nuclear matter to the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross-section. We also provide someanswers regarding isospin transport in central collisions using the isobaric ratios A = 3 based on the tritonsand helium-3 particles. These different results allow us to highlight the new experimental apparatus devel-loped by the INDRA and FAZIA collaborations : the FAZIA array. The latter is the result of a ten-yearperiod of research and development, resulting in an array embedded its digital electronic under vacuum, withincreased identification performance (measurement of the Z charge and A mass up to Z = 25) compared tothe previous generations arrays
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Cerro, Jordi del. "La Generación de energía eléctrica en la época franquista, 1940-1975." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/89368.
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La tesis estudia la evolución del parque de generación de energía eléctrica durante el franquismo (1940-1975). En este período comenzó la formación de un sistema unificado de explotación, y durante su desarrollo se pasó de 1.731Mw a 25.467Mw.
El sistema que se denominó “autorregulación”, permitió la coexistencia de las empresas eléctricas privadas, agrupadas alrededor de UNESA y el INI en su vertiente eléctrica. Sin embargo, las decisiones y la política eléctrica, y más tarde energética, estuvo directamente influida por el gobierno.
Se analiza la importancia de las fuentes (hidráulica, carbón, fuel oil, gas natura, nuclear) de energía primaria en la generación de energía eléctrica. Asimismo, se estudia, aunque no de manera exhaustiva el impacto del medio ambiente y sus consecuencias y efectos a largo plazo. Todo ello se desarrolla en el contexto histórico pertinente bajo una vertiente técnico-económica.The thesis studies the evolution of the power generation system of electricity, during the Franco’s Regime (1940-1975). In this period, it began the construction of a unified system of exploitation, where the power installed was moved from 1.731Mw to 25.467Mw. The system was called "self regulation", allowing the coexistence of private electric companies, grouped around UNESA and the INI in its electrical aspect. However, the decisions and the power policy, and later on the energy, was directly influenced by the government. It discusses the importance of the primary energy sources (hydro, coal, fuel oil, natural gas, nuclear) in electric power generation. However, it is not intended to illustrate a comprenhensive explanation of the environmental impact and its consequences and effects long term. To sum up, all this takes place in the relevant historical context in a technical and economical perspective.
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Fernandes, Daniela dos Santos. "A mediatização da Central Nuclear de Almaraz." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/11964.
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A presente dissertação de mestrado focar-se-á na teoria do enquadramento (framing),
em particular, aplicada à forma como a questão da Central Nuclear de Almaraz foi
enquadrada e acompanhada pelos média de Portugal e Espanha, mais especificamente,
a emissora pública portuguesa RTP e a emissora pública espanhola, TVE, através de
peças emitidas pelo telejornal e telediario, um espaço informativo diário nos dois meios
de comunicação.
A permanência do funcionamento desta central, situada na comunidade espanhola de
Cáceres, mesmo após a mesma já ter ultrapassado o tempo útil de vida, tem obtido ao
longo do tempo opiniões divergentes, acentuadas entre os dois lados da fronteira entre
Portugal e Espanha. O grande foco mediático deu-se entre 2016 e 2017, pela decisão
unilateral de Espanha em construir um armazém de resíduos nucleares, sem consulta
prévia ao país vizinho – dando azo a um grande debate público.
A reflexão desta questão passará por uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o telejornalismo,
com especial enfoque do telejornalismo ibérico que retratamos na investigação. A
contextualização da questão mediática da central e todo o seu desenvolvimento e ainda
o debruçar sobre a teoria de enquadramento na sua origem e aplicação, nomeadamente
nas peças que foram extraídas de ambas as emissoras escolhidas no corpus de análise,
num recorte temporal que data o dia 29 de dezembro de 2016 ao 29 de maio de 2017. Um
estudo comparativo da forma como a RTP e a TVE pegaram e expuseram a questão da
Central Nuclear de Almaraz, procurando-se as possíveis diferenças de tratamento, dado
que os diferentes frames são “perspetivas seletivas sobre determinados assuntos – visões
que constroem a realidade de uma determinada maneira, conduzindo a diferentes
avaliações e recomendações” (Mathes apud Gradim, 2016:54).This master's thesis will focus on framing theory, in particular, applied to the way the issue of the Almaraz Nuclear Power Plant was framed and followed by the media from Portugal and Spain, more specifically, the portuguese public broadcaster RTP and the Spanish public broadcaster, TVE, through pieces broadcast by the telejornal and telediario, a daily information space in both media. The continued operation of this plant, located in the Spanish community of Cáceres, even after it has already exceeded its useful life, has over time obtained divergent opinions, accentuated between the two sides of the border between Portugal and Spain. The major media focus was between 2016 and 2017, due to Spain's unilateral decision to build a nuclear waste warehouse, without prior consultation with the neighboring country - giving rise to an intense public debate. The reflection on this issue will go through a bibliographic review on telejournalism, with a special focus on the Iberian telejournalism that we portrayed in the investigation. The contextualization of the media issue of the plant and all its development and also addressing the framing theory in its origin and application, , namely in the pieces that were extracted from both stations chosen in the corpus of analysis, in a time frame that dates from December 29, 2016 to May 29, 2017. A comparative study of the way RTP and TVE took and exposed the issue of the Almaraz Nuclear Power Station, looking for possible differences in treatment, given that the different frames are “selective perspectives on certain subjects - visions that construct reality in a certain way, leading to different assessments and recommendations ”(Mathes apud Gradim, 2016: 54).
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Ao, Zhujun. "Integrase, the central DNA flap and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nuclear import." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15598.
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Graça, Inês Lampreia de Oliveira. "Risco, simbolização e mito: o caso da possível construção de uma central nuclear em Portugal (2005-2006)." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/4454.
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A presente dissertação tem como principal objectivo aceder à discursividade simbólica do
risco associado à energia nuclear. Num primeiro capítulo elaboramos uma proposta teórica
do conceito de risco tecnológico, tentando delimitar alguns dos seus elementos mais
importantes salientados por diversos autores. Na sequência deste capítulo, tomando como
premissa que a imprensa desempenha um papel fundamental na circulação dos elementos
simbólicos da energia nuclear procedemos a uma análise ao discurso e imagem da matéria
jornalística publicada nos jornais Público, Diário de Notícias e Expresso, sobre a possível
construção de uma central nuclear em Portugal. O propósito desta análise, a partir de três
perspectivas – tematização na agenda de imprensa, aspectos simbólicos da narrativa e
polissemia do risco – visa a consolidação da reflexão sobre a forma como se expressam as
representações do risco nuclear, no nosso país.The main aim of the present dissertation is to accede to a symbolic discursivity of the risk, associated with nuclear energy. In a first chapter we elaborate a theoretical proposal of the concept of technological risk, trying to delimit some of its most important elements emphasised by various authors. In the sequence of this chapter, taking it as a premise that the press plays a fundamental part in the circulation of those symbolic elements of nuclear energy, we proceed to an analysis of speech and image of journalistic articles published in the newspapers Público, Diário de Notícias and Expresso on the probabilities and possibilities of building a nuclear station in our country. The purpose of this analysis, from three different angles - titles on the Press's Agenda, symbolic sides of the narrative and the polissemy of the risk - looks to consolidate the thoughts and reflection on the forms by which the representations of nuclear risk are expressed in Portugal.
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Efremov, Sergey Valentinovich. "Global variables of the Lambda hyperon and pi- meson production in central Au-197 + Au-197 collisions at AGS." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19153.
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According to Quantum Chromodynamics Theory, highly compressed and heated nuclear matter should undergo a phase transition to a new state, called the Quark Gluon Plasma. These extreme conditions can probably be created in the collisions of relativistic heavy ions. We are looking for signatures of the phase transition to QGP such as enhancement of the strangeness production rates and reduction of the collective nuclear flow. The results of the invariant differential cross sections measurements for $\Lambda$ hyperon and $\pi\sp-$ meson production via track reconstruction in the Time Projection Chambers experiment BNL-AGS-E891 are presented. Comparison of our experimental data on the differential particle multiplicities for $\Lambda$ and $\pi\sp-$ with the cascade models ARC and RQMD is given. The shapes of the particles spectra indicate the strong collective expansion of nuclear matter. We employ the three dimensional expansion picture in order to parametrize the observed particle spectra and extract the flow parameters together with the mean temperature of the particle gas after the nuclear fluid freeze-out.
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Kim, Jong-dall. "The political economy of energy-corporate-urban integration in South Korea." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31193993.html.
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Ruiz, Martínez José Tomás. "Nuclearización de un procedimiento químico de disolución de magnetita en el lado secundario de generadores de vapor en centrales nucleares." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/149497.
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[ES] Los generadores de vapor de las centrales nucleares de agua a presión suelen presentar, con el paso del tiempo, una obstrucción y un ensuciamiento importante debido al depósito de los productos de corrosión resultantes del circuito secundario.La obstrucción de las partes libres constituye la masa principal de los depósitos presentes en los generadores de vapor. Estos fenómenos de ensuciamiento y obstrucción modifican el comportamiento termo-hidráulico y vibratorio de los generadores de vapor con consecuencias en términos de seguridad, rendimiento del reactor y del potencial de duración de vida. Se realiza pues una limpieza química preventiva del circuito secundario del generador de vapor para mantenerlo en un estado de limpieza que garantiza un funcionamiento, durante varios ciclos, y asegura un rendimiento cercano al de fabricación. Ciertos Generadores de Vapor presentan un grado de ensuciamiento y colmatación importante unido a los depósitos de los productos de corrosión procedentes del circuito secundario. Los depósitos se localizan principalmente en las siguientes partes del secundario de un Generador de Vapor:
- Sobre las diferentes placas en forma de lodos que pueden formar localmente caparazones muy duros,
- En la zona de circulación de los tubos,
- En la zona común de los elementos del secundario del Generador de Vapor (vasija, envolvente del haz, etc.)
- En los espacios (intersticios) situados entre los tubos y las placas hasta que los llenan completamente
- En los pasos foliares del agua de las placas hasta colmatarlos completamente.
El objetivo principal de esta tesis es la "nuclearización" del procedimiento base de limpieza química de calderas. Entendiendo como tal la adaptación del procedimiento al entorno nuclear de manera que cumpla con el criterio de eficacia en cuanto a eliminación de depósitos, sin poner en riesgo la integridad del generador de vapor.
El procedimiento químico se basa en una limpieza química "suave" entendiendo como tal la utilización de soluciones químicas para disolver parcialmente los depósitos (magnetita, óxidos de cinc y de cobre), limitando la corrosión de los materiales presurizados y de los elementos internos.
Las soluciones químicas y los aclarados asociados recubren la placa tubular, la placa de reparto de caudal y el conjunto de placas intermedias, el haz tubular por completo y las estructuras internas inferiores.
En esta tesis se muestra la parte de ensayos de laboratorio en maquetas que ha llevado a la definición final de un procedimiento que se ha llevado a la práctica a escala real con resultados satisfactorios y que constituye una ventaja para Electricité de France (EdF) tanto desde el punto de vista técnico como económico.[EN] Steam generators in pressure-water nuclear power plants, often exhibit significant clogging and fouling over time due to the deposition of corrosion products resulting from the secondary circuit.The obstruction of the free parts constitutes the main mass of the deposits present in the steam generators. These fouling and clogging phenomena modify the thermo-hydraulic and vibratory behavior of steam generators with consequences in terms of safety, reactor performance and life-time potential. A preventive chemical cleaning of the secondary circuit of the steam generator is carried out to keep it in a state of cleanliness that guarantees operation for several cycles and ensures near-manufacturing performance.Certain steam generators present a degree of fouling and significant clogging in addition to the deposits of the corrosion products from the secondary circuit. The deposits are located mainly in the following parts of the secondary of a Steam Generator: ¿ On the different sheets in the form of sludge that can form locally very hard shells, ¿ In the area of circulation of the tubes, ¿ In the common zone of the secondary elements of the Steam Generator (vessel, beam envelope, etc.) ¿ In the spaces (interstices) located between the tubes and the sheets until they fill them completely ¿ In the foliar steps of the water sheets until completely closing them. The main objective of this thesis is the "nuclearization" of the basic process of chemical cleaning of boilers. Understanding as such the adaptation of the procedure to the nuclear environment so that it meets the criteria of efficiency in disposal of deposits, without endangering the integrity of the steam generator. The chemical method is based on a "soft" chemical cleaning, meaning the use of chemical solutions to partially dissolve the deposits (magnetite, cinc oxides and copper), and limiting the corrosion of pressurized materials and internal elements. Chemical solutions and associated rinses cover the tubular sheet, the flow partition sheet and the intermediate sheet assembly, the entire tubular bundle and the lower internal structures. This thesis shows the part of laboratory tests in scale models that have led to the final definition of a method that has been carried out to full scale practice with satisfactory results and which constitutes an advantage for Electricité de France ( EdF) both from the technical and economical point of view .
[CA] Els generadors de vapor de les centrals nuclears d'aigua a pressió solen presentar, amb el pas del temps, una obstrucció i un embrutiment important a causa del dipòsit dels productes de corrosió resultants del circuit secundari. L'obstrucció de les parts lliures constitueix la massa principal dels dipòsits presents en els generadors de vapor. Aquests fenòmens d'embrutiment i obstrucció en modifiquen el comportament termo-hidràulic i vibratori amb conseqüències en termes de seguretat, rendiment del reactor i del potencial de durada de vida. Es realitza doncs, una neteja química preventiva del circuit secundari del generador de vapor per mantenir-lo en un estat de neteja que en garanteix el funcionament, durant diversos cicles, i n'assegura un rendiment pròxim al de fabricació. Alguns generadors de vapor tenen un grau d'embrutiment i rebliment important unit als dipòsits dels productes de corrosió procedents del circuit secundari. Els dipòsits es localitzen principalment en les següents parts del secundari d'un generador de vapor: ¿ sobre les diferents plaques en forma de fangs que poden formar localment closques molt dures ¿ a la zona de circulació dels tubs, ¿ a la zona comuna dels elements del secundari del generador de vapor (vas, envoltant del feix, etc.) ¿ en els espais (intersticis) situats entre els tubs i les plaques, fins que els omplen completament ¿ en els passos foliars de l'aigua de les plaques fins a reblir-los completament. L'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi és la "nuclearització" del procediment base de neteja química de calderes; tot entenent com a tal, l'adaptació del procediment a l'entorn nuclear de manera que complesca amb el criteri d'eficàcia pel que fa a l'eliminació de dipòsits, sense posar en risc la integritat del generador de vapor. El procediment químic es basa en una neteja química "suau", entenent-se com a tal la utilització de solucions químiques per dissoldre parcialment els dipòsits (magnetita, òxids de cinc i de coure), la qual cosa limita la corrosió dels materials pressuritzats i dels elements interns. Les solucions químiques i les esbandides associats recobreixen la placa tubular, la placa de repartiment de cabal i el conjunt de plaques intermèdies, el feix tubular per complet i les estructures internes inferiors. En aquesta tesi es mostra la part d'assajos de laboratori en maquetes que ha portat a la definició final d'un procediment que s'ha dut a terme en la pràctica i a escala real, amb resultats satisfactoris. Fet que constitueix un avantatge per Electricité de France (EdF) tant des del punt de vista tècnic com econòmic.
Ruiz Martínez, JT. (2020). Nuclearización de un procedimiento químico de disolución de magnetita en el lado secundario de generadores de vapor en centrales nucleares [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/149497
TESIS
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Fang, Pei-ching, and 方沛清. "A Study of News Agencies' Reports on North Korea's Nuclear Test : cases of the Associated Press, the Central News Agency, and Xinhua News Agency." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w6z6wp.
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Liang, Shang-Chin, and 梁尚瑾. "The Study of Central Region Residents’ Risk Perceptions Toward Nuclear Power Plants and Environmental Behavior Intentions ─ An Example of Changhua County and Nantou County." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77672561584972826591.
Full textAbstract:
碩士康寧大學
資產管理與城市規劃研究所
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This research aimed to explore the situation and correlation between the public risk perception of nuclear power plants among different socioeconomic groups and environmental behavior intention. Deriving from conclusions, the author gave suggestions, and hopefully can be beneficial for better nuclear risk governance and implementation of disaster prevention education. To achieve the purpose, the questionnaire was developed from the theoretical framework. The questionnaires were issued in two cities, Changhua County and Nantou County in central Taiwan, 876 subjects in total. In contrast to the northern and the southern Taiwan, those two cities are the farthest from the current four nuclear power plants. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square Test Analysis and Pearson product-moment correlation and other statistical methods. The major research results were as following: 1. Public risk perception of nuclear power plants was high. The residents’ risk perception in central regions wasn’t lower than Northern and southern populations who living near nuclear power plants. There were 94.1% people believed that living near the nuclear power plant got higher health risk than people who were in other parts of Taiwan. As for how far was less dangerous if living near the nuclear power plant? The average distance answered was up to 241.49 km. 2. Ggenerally speaking, people opposed the 4th nuclear power plant’s operation. 66.4% of the population was "against" the 4th nuclear power plant’s operation. Chi-square test between risk perception of nuclear power plant and the 4th nuclear power plant’s operation showed significant differences. In other words, people who thought that health risks associated with nuclear plants was "high," who believed that Taiwan's nuclear safety was "very poor," and who considering the probability of nuclear disaster occurring in Taiwan was "very strong," they opposed the operation of the 4th nuclear power plant. More than 70% of the population distrust in Taiwan nuclear power safety management. 3. When comparing Taiwan nuclear power management with Japan, people who were with different levels of education and income reveal significant difference. Regarding gender and the variable of whether there are children living in the household showed no significant differences in their perceptions on comparing Taiwan nuclear power safety management with Japan’s. 4. People tended to have environmental-friendly behavior intentions. The correlation between variables of environment behavior intention and the 4th nuclear power operation revealed significant. It indicated the higher in environmental-friendly behavior intention, the more to be against the 4th nuclear power plant’s operation. A significant low correlation between risk perception of nuclear power plants and the environmental behavior intention.
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Macário, Marco Cláudio Torres. "Evaluation of Simplified Nuclear Power Plant Simulator in Case of a Main Steam Line Break." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/81591.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaNesta dissertação é apresentada a simulação simplificada de uma rutura na conduta principal de vapor de uma central nuclear de dois circuitos de permutação de calor e reator de água pressurizada. O modelo de central usado neste trabalho, é um modelo genérico de uma central de água pressurizada com dois circuitos de permutação de calor, com geradores de vapor de tipo tubo em U invertido e com sistema de contenção do reator, seco. Com uma potencia térmica de aproximadamente 1800 MWt (600 MWe).As simulações foram realizadas usando o software Personal Computer Transient Analyser (PCTran), utilizando todos os parâmetros genéricos para este tipo de reator e focando-se numa rutura na conduta principal de vapor, que é um dos acidentes de base de projeto, com o qual a central pode normalmente suportar.Esta dissertação é baseada em duas simulações principais, uma rutura pequena de diâmetro 4,4 inch (11,3 cm), e uma maior de cerca de 14 inch (35,7 cm).Durante as simulações podemos observar todos os valores dos parâmetros que caracterizam o transitório e o seu timing, desde o inicio do evento passando pelo desligamento de emergência do reator e também todos as ocorrências principais depois do mesmo ser desligado.Também é feita uma comparação entre as duas simulações, para perceber as diferenças entre cada cenário.Adicionalmente são feitas comparações entre as simulações obtidas e simulações similares realizadas com códigos de computador mais detalhados, que são efetivamente utilizadas para análise de segurança.A conclusão principal obtida depois destas duas simulações é de que os sistemas de segurança atuam como esperado. Os sistemas de refrigeração de emergência que têm como função remover o calor residual que continua a ser produzido depois do reator ser desligado entram em ação, ficando a central nas devidas condições de segurança.Os resultados da analise mostram que o simulador simplificado pode ser usado efetivamente para fins educativos.Aquando da rutura maior, as variações em parâmetros como temperaturas (Cold Leg e Hot Leg), fluxo de vapor nos geradores de vapor, pressões e por fim a reatividade, são mais rápidas quando comparado com a rutura pequena. Consequentemente, o desligamento do reator é iniciado mais cedo do que no caso da rutura pequena. Os parâmetros principais têm comportamento semelhante ao das analises de segurança. Existem pequenas diferenças nos valores de alguns parâmetros, mas globalmente durante os intervalos de tempo observados, as curvas são similares as mesmas na analise de segurança.
This thesis presents a simplified simulation of a main steam line break (MSLB) in a nuclear power plant with two loops and a pressurized water reactor (PWR). The plant model used in this work is a generic two-loop PWR with inverted U-bend steam generators and dry containment system, with thermal output in the neighbourhood of 1800 MWt (600 MWe).The simulations are conducted by using the software Personal Computer Transient Analyser (PCTran) using all the default parameters for this kind of reactor focusing to a steam line break, which is one of design basis accidents, which the plant can normally withstand.The thesis is based on two main simulations, a small steam line break with diameter of 4,4 inch (11,3 cm), and a larger with 14 inch (35,7 cm).During the simulations we can observe the values of parameters that characterise the transient and its timing, from the beginning of the event through the reactor trip and all the main events after the reactor trip. A comparison is made between the two simulations, to understand the differences in each scenario.In addition, the comparisons are made between the obtained simulations and the similar simulations performed with more detailed computer codes, which are actually used for safety analysis.The main conclusion after these two simulations is that the safety systems act as expected. The emergency cooling systems that have the purpose of removing decay heat after the reactor shutdown went into action, so the plant remains in a safe condition.The results of the analysis show that simplified simulator can be effectively used for education purposes.At the larger break, the timely changes of parameters like temperatures (Cold Leg and Hot Leg), steam flow in the SGs, pressures and in the end reactivity are faster as it is the case of the smaller break. Consequently, the reactor trip is initiated sooner as it is the case of the smaller break. The main parameters behave similarly as they do in safety analysis. Small differences exist in values of certain parameters, but their overall curves over the observed time intervals are similar to their respective curves in the safety analysis.This is confirmed by comparison of the general shapes of the main parameters, which change through the time, and are similar comparing the results of simplified simulator and the results of the detailed computer code, which is used for the safety analysis.The main conclusion after these two simulations is that the safety systems are effective for achieving an automatic plant safety state, as expected, and all the emergency core cooling systems that remove the decay heat after the shutdown went into action.