Relevant bibliographies by topics / Central pattern generator / Journal articles
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Central pattern generator.

Journal articles on the topic 'Central pattern generator'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 December 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Central pattern generator.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Dietz, V. "Central pattern generator." Spinal Cord 33, no. 12 (December 1995): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sc.1995.156.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Selverston, Allen I. "Invertebrate central pattern generator circuits." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1551 (August 12, 2010): 2329–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0270.

Full text
Abstract:
There are now a reasonable number of invertebrate central pattern generator (CPG) circuits described in sufficient detail that a mechanistic explanation of how they work is possible. These small circuits represent the best-understood neural circuits with which to investigate how cell-to-cell synaptic connections and individual channel conductances combine to generate rhythmic and patterned output. In this review, some of the main lessons that have appeared from this analysis are discussed and concrete examples of circuits ranging from single phase to multiple phase patterns are described. While it is clear that the cellular components of any CPG are basically the same, the topology of the circuits have evolved independently to meet the particular motor requirements of each individual organism and only a few general principles of circuit operation have emerged. The principal usefulness of small systems in relation to the brain is to demonstrate in detail how cellular infrastructure can be used to generate rhythmicity and form specialized patterns in a way that may suggest how similar processes might occur in more complex systems. But some of the problems and challenges associated with applying data from invertebrate preparations to the brain are also discussed. Finally, I discuss why it is useful to have well-defined circuits with which to examine various computational models that can be validated experimentally and possibly applied to brain circuits when the details of such circuits become available.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Schöneich, Stefan, and Berthold Hedwig. "Feedforward discharges couple the singing central pattern generator and ventilation central pattern generator in the cricket abdominal central nervous system." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 205, no. 6 (November 5, 2019): 881–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-019-01377-7.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract We investigated the central nervous coordination between singing motor activity and abdominal ventilatory pumping in crickets. Fictive singing, with sensory feedback removed, was elicited by eserine-microinjection into the brain, and the motor activity underlying singing and abdominal ventilation was recorded with extracellular electrodes. During singing, expiratory abdominal muscle activity is tightly phase coupled to the chirping pattern. Occasional temporary desynchronization of the two motor patterns indicate discrete central pattern generator (CPG) networks that can operate independently. Intracellular recordings revealed a sub-threshold depolarization in phase with the ventilatory cycle in a singing-CPG interneuron, and in a ventilation-CPG interneuron an excitatory input in phase with each syllable of the chirps. Inhibitory synaptic inputs coupled to the syllables of the singing motor pattern were present in another ventilatory interneuron, which is not part of the ventilation-CPG. Our recordings suggest that the two centrally generated motor patterns are coordinated by reciprocal feedforward discharges from the singing-CPG to the ventilation-CPG and vice versa. Consequently, expiratory contraction of the abdomen usually occurs in phase with the chirps and ventilation accelerates during singing due to entrainment by the faster chirp cycle.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Romaniuk, Jaroslaw. "Central pattern generator and control of breathing." Lekarz Wojskowy 101, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53301/lw/156877.

Full text
Abstract:
Opublikowany 50 lat temu model nerwowej regulacji oddychania Clarka i Eulera był inspiracją dla nowego podejścia do badań ośrodkowego generatora głębokości i rytmu oddychania. Dzięki tym badaniom nasza wiedza dotycząca zarówno anatomicznej lokalizacji, jak i charakterystyki działania generatorów wzorca oddechowego uległa dużej zmianie. W prezentowanym artykule przedstawiono historię badań oddechowego generatora wzorca (CPG), a w szczególności wykazano, jak badania poszczególnych parametrów oddechowych stymulowały rozwój nowych hipotez i teoretycznych modeli ich kontroli ośrodkowej. Dzięki porównaniu badań generatorów ruchów cyklicznych oddychania i lokomocji można zobaczyć ich wzajemny wpływ na rozwój zastosowań klinicznych, szczególnie w przypadkach uszkodzeń rdzenia kręgowego. To właśnie w warunkach całkowitego lub częściowego porażenia wzrasta znaczenie technik wspomagania pracy mięśni. Dlatego też w pracy wymieniono różne techniki wspomagania ruchu i oddychania oraz omówiono ich wzajemne współdziałanie. Przedyskutowano możliwości uaktywnienia rdzeniowej sieci neuronalnej metodami farmakologicznymi lub przy pomocy elektrycznej stymulacji. Badania prowadzone przy zastosowaniu servo-respiratorów sterowanych biologicznie umożliwiły lepsze poznanie CPG oddychania oraz granice użyteczności wentylacji wspomaganej w warunkach klinicznych. W artykule omówiono możliwość zastosowania plastyczności zależnej od aktywności w rehabilitacji pracy mięśni ruchowych i oddechowych po uszkodzeniach rdzenia kręgowego.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Moradi, Karim, Mohsen Fathian, and Saeed Shiry Ghidary. "Omnidirectional walking using central pattern generator." International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics 7, no. 6 (October 25, 2014): 1023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13042-014-0307-4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Zhang, Jiaqi, Xiaolei Han, and Xueying Han. "Walking quality guaranteed central pattern generator control method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 228, no. 3 (May 8, 2013): 569–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406213488854.

Full text
Abstract:
Creating effective locomotion for a legged robot is a challenging task. Central pattern generators have been widely used to control robot locomotion. However, one significant disadvantage of the central pattern generator method is its inability to design high-quality walks because it only produces sine or quasi-sine signals for motor control as compared to most cases in which the expected control signals are more advanced. Control accuracy is therefore diminished when traditional methods are replaced by central pattern generators resulting in unaesthetically pleasing walking robots. In this paper, we present a set of solutions, based on testings of Sony’s four-legged robotic dog (AIBO), which produces the same walking quality as traditional methods. First, we designed a method based on both evolution and learning to optimize the walking gait. Second, a central pattern generator model was put forth to enabled AIBO to learn from arbitrary periodic inputs, which resulted in the replication of the optimized gait to ensure high-quality walking. Lastly, an accelerator sensor feedback was introduced so that AIBO could detect uphill and downhill terrains and change its gait according to the surrounding environment. Simulations were performed to verify this method.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

SASAGAWA, Naruki, Kentaro TANI, Takashi IMAMURA, and Yoshinobu MAEDA. "Quadruped Locomotion Patterns Generated by Desymmetrization of Symmetric Central Pattern Generator Hardware Network." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E101.A, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 1658–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transfun.e101.a.1658.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Golowasch, Jorge. "Neuromodulation of central pattern generators and its role in the functional recovery of central pattern generator activity." Journal of Neurophysiology 122, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 300–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00784.2018.

Full text
Abstract:
Neuromodulators play an important role in how the nervous system organizes activity that results in behavior. Disruption of the normal patterns of neuromodulatory release or production is known to be related to the onset of severe pathologies such as Parkinson’s disease, Rett syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, and affective disorders. Some of these pathologies involve neuronal structures that are called central pattern generators (CPGs), which are involved in the production of rhythmic activities throughout the nervous system. Here I discuss the interplay between CPGs and neuromodulatory activity, with particular emphasis on the potential role of neuromodulators in the recovery of disrupted neuronal activity. I refer to invertebrate and vertebrate model systems and some of the lessons we have learned from research on these systems and propose a few avenues for future research. I make one suggestion that may guide future research in the field: neuromodulators restrict the parameter landscape in which CPG components operate, and the removal of neuromodulators may enable a perturbed CPG in finding a new set of parameter values that can allow it to regain normal function.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

White, Olivier, Yannick Bleyenheuft, Renaud Ronsse, Allan M. Smith, Jean-Louis Thonnard, and Philippe Lefèvre. "Altered Gravity Highlights Central Pattern Generator Mechanisms." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 5 (November 2008): 2819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.90436.2008.

Full text
Abstract:
In many nonprimate species, rhythmic patterns of activity such as locomotion or respiration are generated by neural networks at the spinal level. These neural networks are called central pattern generators (CPGs). Under normal gravitational conditions, the energy efficiency and the robustness of human rhythmic movements are due to the ability of CPGs to drive the system at a pace close to its resonant frequency. This property can be compared with oscillators running at resonant frequency, for which the energy is optimally exchanged with the environment. However, the ability of the CPG to adapt the frequency of rhythmic movements to new gravitational conditions has never been studied. We show here that the frequency of a rhythmic movement of the upper limb is systematically influenced by the different gravitational conditions created in parabolic flight. The period of the arm movement is shortened with increasing gravity levels. In weightlessness, however, the period is more dependent on instructions given to the participants, suggesting a decreased influence of resonant frequency. Our results are in agreement with a computational model of a CPG coupled to a simple pendulum under the control of gravity. We demonstrate that the innate modulation of rhythmic movements by CPGs is highly flexible across gravitational contexts. This further supports the involvement of CPG mechanisms in the achievement of efficient rhythmic arm movements. Our contribution is of major interest for the study of human rhythmic activities, both in a normal Earth environment and during microgravity conditions in space.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Bellingham, Mark C. "DRIVING RESPIRATION: THE RESPIRATORY CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATOR." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 25, no. 10 (October 1998): 847–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02166.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Yuste, Rafael, Jason N. MacLean, Jeffrey Smith, and Anders Lansner. "The cortex as a central pattern generator." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 6, no. 6 (June 2005): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1686.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

Thompson, S. "Central pattern generator for swimming in Melibe." Journal of Experimental Biology 208, no. 7 (April 1, 2005): 1347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01500.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Dietz, Volker. "Hintergrund: Central Pattern Generator – Hypothesen und Evidenz." neuroreha 2, no. 01 (February 24, 2010): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1248714.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Guertin, Pierre A. "The mammalian central pattern generator for locomotion." Brain Research Reviews 62, no. 1 (December 2009): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.08.002.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Inada, Hironobu, and Kazuo Ishii. "Bipedal walk using a Central Pattern Generator." International Congress Series 1269 (August 2004): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2004.05.129.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Schöneich, Stefan, and Berthold Hedwig. "Correction to: Feedforward discharges couple the singing central pattern generator and ventilation central pattern generator in the cricket abdominal central nervous system." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 206, no. 1 (January 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-019-01388-4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Xia, Zeyang, Hao Deng, Xue Zhang, Shaokui Weng, Yangzhou Gan, and Jing Xiong. "A central pattern generator approach to footstep transition for biped navigation." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 172988141668270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881416682708.

Full text
Abstract:
Existing sampling-based footstep planning method for biped navigation used an intermediate static posture for footstep transition. However, when adopting this approach, the robot is sensitive to modeling error and external environments, and also the transition between different gait patterns is unnatural. This article presents a central pattern generator approach to footstep transition for biped navigation. First, this approach decomposes the biped walking motion into five motion types and designs central pattern generator network for all joints of legs accordingly. Then, the central pattern generator parameters are simplified and the relationship between these parameters and footstep transition is formulated. By modifying the central pattern generator parameters, different walking gaits can be obtained. With sensing feedbacks, self-adaption walking on irregular terrains, such as walking on unknown sloped terrains and flat floor with tiny obstacles, is realized. Experiments were conducted both in simulator and on a physical biped robot. Results have shown that the proposed approach is able to generate gesture transition trajectory for biped robot navigation and realize a self-adaption walking for irregular terrains.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Getting, P. A., and M. S. Dekin. "Mechanisms of pattern generation underlying swimming in Tritonia. IV. Gating of central pattern generator." Journal of Neurophysiology 53, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1985.53.2.466.

Full text
Abstract:
Swimming behavior in the marine mollusc Tritonia diomedea is episodic, consisting of a series of alternating dorsal and ventral flexions initiated by a brief sensory stimulus. The swim motor pattern is generated by a network formed of four groups of premotor interneurons: cerebral cell 2 (C2), dorsal swim interneurons (DSIs), and two types of ventral swim interneurons (VSI-A and VSI-B). The initiation and maintenance of swimming depends on the establishment of a long-lasting ramp depolarization in both the premotor, pattern-generating interneurons, and the motor neurons (i.e., flexion neurons). Voltage clamp was used to measure the membrane current responsible for the ramp depolarization. In all cell classes the current had two components: a tonic inward current, which decayed as the swim progressed, and phasic inward current waves, which provided the synaptic drive during each swim burst. The ramp current in the flexion neurons and in C2 was generated largely by activity within the interneuronal pattern-generating network (PGN). The ramp current could be mimicked by driving activity in the pattern-generating interneurons. In VSI-B, the tonic component of the ramp current was independent of activity within the PGN and appeared to be derived from the long-lasting effect of an extrinsic input. The phasic components of the ramp, however, were dependent on PGN activity. The phasic inward current waves were blocked when pattern generation was prevented. In addition, phasic inward currents similar to those occurring during swimming could be produced by driving the C2. The tonic component of the ramp current in a DSI was dependent both on extrinsic inputs and PGN activity. Extrinsic inputs appeared to control the first 10-15 s of the tonic current. At longer times, activity within the DSI population itself maintained the ramp current. When one DSI was driven in a quiescent preparation, all other DSIs were inhibited, yet the DSIs are known to be coupled by monosynaptic, reciprocal excitatory synapses. This effect could be explained by the action of an unidentified inhibitory interneuron (I-neuron), which was excited by DSIs and in turn inhibited all other DSIs. The DSIs were therefore coupled reciprocally by both monosynaptic excitation and polysynaptic inhibition. Activity in C2 switched the DSI-DSI interaction from inhibition to excitation by inhibiting the I-neuron.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Fu, Qiang, Tianhong Luo, Chunpeng Pan, and Guoguo Wu. "Central pattern generator–based coupling control method for synchronously controlling the two-degrees-of-freedom robot." Science Progress 103, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 003685041987773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850419877731.

Full text
Abstract:
Synchronous control is a fundamental and significant problem for controlling a multi-joint robot. In this article, by applying two coupled Rayleigh oscillators as the referred central pattern generator models for the two joints of a two-degrees-of-freedom robot, the central pattern generator–based coupling control method is proposed for controlling the two-degrees-of-freedom robot’s joints. On these bases, the co-simulation model of the two-degrees-of-freedom robot with the proposed central pattern generator–based coupling control method is established via ADAMS and MATLAB/Simulink, and the performance of the central pattern generator–based coupling control method on synchronizing two motions of two-degrees-of-freedom robot’s joints is numerically simulated. Furthermore, the experimental setup of a two-degrees-of-freedom robot is established based on the real-time simulations system via the proposed central pattern generator–based coupling control method. And experiments are carried out on the established setup. Simulations and experimental results show that the phase of the controlled two-degrees-of-freedom robot’s joints is mutual locked to other, and their motion pattern can be adjusted through the coupling parameter in the central pattern generator–based coupling control method. In conclusion, the proposed central pattern generator–based coupling control method can control the two-degrees-of-freedom robot’s joints to produce the coordinated motions and adjust the rhythmic pattern of the two-degrees-of-freedom robot.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Ramakrishnan, S., B. Arnett, and A. D. Murphy. "Contextual modulation of a multifunctional central pattern generator." Journal of Experimental Biology 217, no. 21 (September 4, 2014): 3935–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.086751.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Bliss, Thomas, Tetsuya Iwasaki, and Hilary Bart-Smith. "Central Pattern Generator Control of a Tensegrity Swimmer." IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 18, no. 2 (April 2013): 586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2012.2210905.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Cramer, Nathan P., and Asaf Keller. "Cortical Control of a Whisking Central Pattern Generator." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 1 (July 2006): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00071.2006.

Full text
Abstract:
Whether the motor cortex regulates voluntary movements by generating the motor pattern directly or by acting through subcortical central pattern generators (CPGs) remains a central question in motor control. Using the rat whisker system, an important model system of mammalian motor control, we develop an anesthetized preparation to investigate the interaction between the motor cortex and a whisking CPG. Using this model we investigate the involvement of a serotonergic component of the whisking CPG in determining whisking kinematics and the mechanisms through which drive from the CPG is converted into movements by vibrissa motor units. Consistent with an action of the vibrissa motor cortex (vMCx) on a subcortical CPG, the frequency of whisking evoked by intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of vMCx differed significantly from the stimulation frequency, whereas whisking onset latencies correlated negatively with stimulation intensity. Further, ICMS-evoked whisking was suppressed by a serotonin receptor antagonist, supporting previous findings that the whisking CPG contains a significant serotonergic component. The amplitude of ICMS-evoked whisking was correlated with the number of active motor units—isolated from vibrissal EMGs or recorded directly from vibrissa motoneurons—and their activity level. In addition, whisking frequency was correlated with the firing rate of these motoneurons. These findings support the hypothesis that vMCx regulates whisking through its actions on a subcortical CPG.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Lukowiak, Ken, and Naweed Syed. "Learning, memory and a respiratory central pattern generator." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 124, no. 3 (November 1999): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-6433(99)00114-2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Pasandi, Venus, Aiko Dinale, Mehdi Keshmiri, and Daniele Pucci. "A programmable central pattern generator with bounded output." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 125 (March 2020): 103423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2020.103423.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Harris-Warrick, Ronald M. "Neuromodulation and flexibility in Central Pattern Generator networks." Current Opinion in Neurobiology 21, no. 5 (October 2011): 685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2011.05.011.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Illis, L. S. "Is there a central pattern generator in man?" Spinal Cord 33, no. 5 (May 1995): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sc.1995.54.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Wagenaar, Daniel A., M. Sarhas Hamilton, Tracy Huang, William B. Kristan, and Kathleen A. French. "A Hormone-Activated Central Pattern Generator for Courtship." Current Biology 20, no. 6 (March 2010): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2010.02.027.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Norris, Brian J., Adam L. Weaver, Lee G. Morris, Angela Wenning, Paul A. García, and Ronald L. Calabrese. "A Central Pattern Generator Producing Alternative Outputs: Temporal Pattern of Premotor Activity." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 1 (July 2006): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00011.2006.

Full text
Abstract:
The central pattern generator for heartbeat in medicinal leeches constitutes seven identified pairs of segmental heart interneurons. Four identified pairs of heart interneurons make a staggered pattern of inhibitory synaptic connections with segmental heart motor neurons. Using extracellular recording from multiple interneurons in the network in 56 isolated nerve cords, we show that this pattern generator produces a side-to-side asymmetric pattern of intersegmental coordination among ipsilateral premotor interneurons. This pattern corresponds to a similarly asymmetric fictive motor pattern in heart motor neurons and asymmetric constriction pattern of the two tubular hearts, synchronous and peristaltic. We provide a quantitative description of the firing pattern of all the premotor interneurons, including phase, duty cycle, and intraburst frequency of this premotor activity pattern. This analysis identifies two stereotypical coordination modes corresponding to synchronous and peristaltic, which show phase constancy over a broad range of periods as do the fictive motor pattern and the heart constriction pattern. Coordination mode is controlled through one segmental pair of heart interneurons (switch interneurons). Side-to-side switches in coordination mode are a regular feature of this pattern generator and occur with changes in activity state of these switch interneurons. Associated with synchronous coordination of premotor interneurons, the ipsilateral switch interneuron is in an active state, during which it produces rhythmic bursts, whereas associated with peristaltic coordination, the ipsilateral switch interneuron is largely silent. We argue that timing and pattern elaboration are separate functions produced by overlapping subnetworks in the heartbeat central pattern generator.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Wang, Gang, Xi Chen, and Shi-Kai Han. "Central pattern generator and feedforward neural network-based self-adaptive gait control for a crab-like robot locomoting on complex terrain under two reflex mechanisms." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 4 (July 1, 2017): 172988141772344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881417723440.

Full text
Abstract:
Although quite a few central pattern generator controllers have been developed to regulate the locomotion of terrestrial bionic robots, few studies have been conducted on the central pattern generator control technique for amphibious robots crawling on complex terrains. The present article proposes a central pattern generator and feedforward neural network-based self-adaptive gait control method for a crab-like robot locomoting on complex terrain under two reflex mechanisms. In detail, two nonlinear ordinary differential equations are presented at first to model a Hopf oscillator with limit cycle effects. Having Hopf oscillators as the basic units, a central pattern generator system is proposed for the waveform-gait control of the crab-like robot. A tri-layer feedforward neural network is then constructed to establish the one-to-one mapping between the central pattern generator rhythmic signals and the joint angles. Based on the central pattern generator system and feedforward neural network, two reflex mechanisms are put forward to realize self-adaptive gait control on complex terrains. Finally, experiments with the crab-like robot are performed to verify the waveform-gait generation and transition performances and the self-adaptive locomotion capability on uneven ground.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Zharinov, A. I., I. A. Potapov, D. V. Kurganov, and S. A. Lobov. "Central pattern generators for biomorphic robotics." Genes & Cells 18, no. 4 (December 15, 2023): 748–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/gc623314.

Full text
Abstract:
Typically, the structure of the robot fish frame significantly differs compared to the real organism. One significant difference is in the number of body segments. While live fish can have between 16 (moon fish) to 400 belt fish [1] segments, robots usually have only 5–6 segments since substantial precision is unnecessary when simulating movement. At the same time, this method limits a significant portion of the control circuit’s structure compared to a fish’s nervous system because it only requires control over a smaller number of body segments. Control systems using different oscillators can simulate the functioning of fish central generators [2–4]. Typically, each half-center of the fish’s CPGs is interconnected with and mutually inhibitory towards the others, with each being responsible for the antagonist muscles. In this case, the generator’s pattern characteristics stem from the mutual influence of oscillator-antagonist pairs connected to each other. The half-centers’ interaction mechanism with each other is designed to match the movement pattern’s desired final parameters. This “artificial” approach is unsuitable for working with spike neurons because the mechanisms of cellular interaction are well-defined. Altering how cells interact with each other when creating a biologically relevant model is also undesired. Here we present evidence that incorporating select physiological traits of fish into the design of a CPG structure utilizing spike neurons can enhance the system’s functional capacity. Previously, we demonstrated a half-center CPG model using Izhikevich neurons [5]. This model can serve as a control loop for a tuna robot. Although this development aligns with the fundamental principles of CPG organization in fish, reproducing the typical generator mode of operation for pike on it proved challenging. This is due to the fact that the anguliform type of locomotion implies the presence of a moving wave, which means a phase lag in the activation of half-centers. One potential solution to the problem lies in the physiology of fish, specifically the structure of their muscle fibers. Fish have muscle segments called myomeres, which correlate with the number of vertebrae and spinal centers that create the CPG. A distinguishing feature of these myomeres is their zigzag shape. To achieve body bending at a single point, it requires a collaborative action between multiple myomeres and corresponding CPG segments. While our model assumes control of the entire fish with only 5 segments of the CPG, the actual pike includes 56–65 segments. To attain the necessary difference in activation phase between generator segments, we propose increasing the number of generator nodes responsible for operating a single propulsion unit. Indeed, increasing the number of transmission segments resulted in a steady divergence in activation phases among successive segments of the CPG. However, the incorporation of supplementary segments fails to address the challenge of managing the frequency of the CPG’s operation and shifting between patterns. Consequently, we intend to integrate CPG neurons of diverse types outlined in the model, along with introducing feedback to rectify its modes of operation in the future.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Ayali, Amir, Yael Zilberstein, and Netta Cohen. "The locust frontal ganglion: a central pattern generator network controlling foregut rhythmic motor patterns." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 18 (September 15, 2002): 2825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.18.2825.

Full text
Abstract:
SUMMARYThe frontal ganglion (FG) is part of the insect stomatogastric nervous system and is found in most insect orders. Previous work has shown that in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, the FG constitutes a major source of innervation to the foregut. In an in vitro preparation,isolated from all descending and sensory inputs, the FG spontaneously generated rhythmic multi-unit bursts of action potentials that could be recorded from all its efferent nerves. The consistent endogenous FG rhythmic pattern indicates the presence of a central pattern generator network. We found the appearance of in vitro rhythmic activity to be strongly correlated with the physiological state of the donor locust. A robust pattern emerged only after a period of saline superfusion, if the locust had a very full foregut and crop, or if the animal was close to ecdysis. Accordingly,haemolymph collected at these stages inhibited an ongoing rhythmic pattern when applied onto the ganglion. We present this novel central pattern generating system as a basis for future work on the neural network characterisation and its role in generating and controlling behaviour.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

Grzelczyk, Dariusz, Olga Szymanowska, and Jan Awrejcewicz. "Kinematic and dynamic simulation of an octopod robot controlled by different central pattern generators." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 233, no. 4 (September 24, 2018): 400–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651818800187.

Full text
Abstract:
The goal of the study was to perform both kinematic and dynamic simulation of an octopod robot walking on a flat and hard surface. To drive robot legs, different non-linear mechanical oscillators were employed as central pattern generators. Aside from using some well-known oscillators, a new model was proposed. Time series of robot’s kinematic and dynamic locomotion parameters were computed and discussed. Displacement and velocity of the centre of gravity of the robot, ground reaction forces acting on the robot legs, as well as some aspects of energy consumption of a walking robot were analysed to assess the central pattern generators. The obtained kinematic and dynamic parameters showed some advantages of the applied generator. In particular, the gait of the robot was most stable when the robot was driven by the proposed central pattern generator model.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

HIROISHI, Kengo, Ryuichi HODOSHIMA, and Shin'ya KOTOSAKA. "208104 Trajectory generation for robot manipulator by variable central pattern generator network." Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2011.17 (2011): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2011.17.245.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

DiCaprio, Ralph A. "Gating of Afferent Input by a Central Pattern Generator." Journal of Neurophysiology 81, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 950–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.81.2.950.

Full text
Abstract:
Gating of afferent input by a central pattern generator. Intracellular recordings from the sole proprioceptor (the oval organ) in the crab ventilatory system show that the nonspiking afferent fibers from this organ receive a cyclic hyperpolarizing inhibition in phase with the ventilatory motor pattern. Although depolarizing and hyperpolarizing current pulses injected into a single afferent will reset the ventilatory motor pattern, the inhibitory input is of sufficient magnitude to block afferent input to the ventilatory central pattern generator (CPG) for ∼50% of the cycle period. It is proposed that this inhibitory input serves to gate sensory input to the ventilatory CPG to provide an unambiguous input to the ventilatory CPG.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Jinks, Steven L., Richard J. Atherley, Carmen L. Dominguez, Karen A. Sigvardt, and Joseph F. Antognini. "Isoflurane Disrupts Central Pattern Generator Activity and Coordination in the Lamprey Isolated Spinal Cord." Anesthesiology 103, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200509000-00020.

Full text
Abstract:
Background Although volatile anesthetics such as isoflurane can depress sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord, movement occurring during anesthesia can be coordinated, involving multiple limbs as well as the head and trunk. However, it is unclear whether volatile anesthetics depress locomotor interneurons comprising central pattern generators or disrupt intersegmental central pattern generator coordination. Methods Lamprey spinal cords were excised during anesthesia and placed in a bath containing artificial cerebrospinal fluid and D-glutamate to induce fictive swimming. The rostral, middle, and caudal regions were bath-separated using acrylic partitions and petroleum jelly, and in each compartment, the authors recorded ventral root activity. The authors selectively delivered isoflurane (0.5, 1, and 1.5%) only to the middle segments of the spinal cord. Spectral analyses were then used to assess isoflurane effects on central pattern generator activity and coordination. Results Isoflurane dose-dependently reduced fictive locomotor activity in all three compartments, with 1.5% isoflurane nearly eliminating activity in the middle compartment and reducing spectral amplitudes in the anesthetic-free rostral and caudal compartments to 23% and 31% of baseline, respectively. Isoflurane decreased burst frequency in the caudal compartment only, to 53% of baseline. Coordination of central pattern generator activity between the rostral and caudal compartments was also dose-dependently decreased, to 42% of control at 1.5% isoflurane. Conclusion Isoflurane disrupts motor output by reducing interneuronal central pattern generator activity in the spinal cord. The effects of isoflurane on motor output outside the site of isoflurane application were presumably independent of effects on sensory or motor neurons.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Alaçam, Deniz, and Andrey Shilnikov. "Making a Swim Central Pattern Generator Out of Latent Parabolic Bursters." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 25, no. 07 (June 30, 2015): 1540003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127415400039.

Full text
Abstract:
We study the rhythmogenesis of oscillatory patterns emerging in network motifs composed of inhibitory coupled tonic spiking neurons represented by the Plant model of R15 nerve cells. Such motifs are argued to be used as building blocks for a larger central pattern generator network controlling swim locomotion of sea slug Melibe leonina.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Straub, Volko A., Kevin Staras, György Kemenes, and Paul R. Benjamin. "Endogenous and Network Properties of LymnaeaFeeding Central Pattern Generator Interneurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 1569–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2002.88.4.1569.

Full text
Abstract:
Understanding central pattern generator (CPG) circuits requires a detailed knowledge of the intrinsic cellular properties of the constituent neurons. These properties are poorly understood in most CPGs because of the complexity resulting from interactions with other neurons of the circuit. This is also the case in the feeding network of the snail, Lymnaea, one of the best-characterized CPG networks. We addressed this problem by isolating the interneurons comprising the feeding CPG in cell culture, which enabled us to study their basic intrinsic electrical and pharmacological cellular properties without interference from other network components. These results were then related to the activity patterns of the neurons in the intact feeding network. The most striking finding was the intrinsic generation of plateau potentials by medial N1 (N1M) interneurons. This property is probably critical for rhythm generation in the whole feeding circuit because the N1M interneurons are known to play a pivotal role in the initiation of feeding cycles in response to food. Plateau potential generation in another cell type, the ventral N2 (N2v), appeared to be conditional on the presence of acetylcholine. Examination of the other isolated feeding CPG interneurons [lateral N1 (N1L), dorsal N2 (N2d), phasic N3 (N3p)] and the modulatory slow oscillator (SO) revealed no significant intrinsic properties in relation to pattern generation. Instead, their firing patterns in the circuit appear to be determined largely by cholinergic and glutamatergic synaptic inputs from other CPG interneurons, which were mimicked in culture by application of these transmitters. This is an example of a CPG system where the initiation of each cycle appears to be determined by the intrinsic properties of a key interneuron, N1M, but most other features of the rhythm are probably determined by network interactions.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Suleimanova, A. A., M. O. Talanov, D. N. Masaev, N. V. Prudnikov, O. V. Borshchev, M. S. Polinskaya, M. S. Skorotetskiy, et al. "Simulation of a Central Pattern Generator Using Memristive Devices." Nanobiotechnology Reports 16, no. 6 (November 2021): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2635167621060240.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

HUANG, Bo. "Quadruped Robot Gait Control Based on Central Pattern Generator." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 46, no. 07 (2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2010.07.001.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

McMillen, David R., Gabriele M. T. D’Eleuterio, and Janet R. P. Halperin. "Simple central pattern generator model using phasic analog neurons." Physical Review E 59, no. 6 (June 1, 1999): 6994–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.59.6994.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Senzon, Simon A., Donald M. Epstein, and Daniel Lemberger. "The Network Spinal Wave as a Central Pattern Generator." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 22, no. 7 (July 2016): 544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2016.0025.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Frigon, Alain, Grégory Barrière, Karine Fénélon, and Sergiy Yakovenko. "Conceptualizing the mammalian locomotor central pattern generator with modelling." Journal of Physiology 580, no. 2 (April 10, 2007): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.129064.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Banaie, Masood, Yashar Sarbaz, Shahriar Gharibzadeh, and Farzad Towhidkhah. "Central Pattern Generator: The Main Cause of Huntington’s Disease." Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 22, no. 1 (January 2010): 123.e34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/jnp.2010.22.1.123.e34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Bondy, Brian, Alexander Klishko, Boris Prilutsky, and Gennady Cymbalyuk. "Multifunctional central pattern generator controlling walking and paw shaking." BMC Neuroscience 15, Suppl 1 (2014): P181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-15-s1-p181.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Koga, Tomoshige, and Hiroyuki Fukuda. "Descending pathway from the central pattern generator of vomiting." NeuroReport 8, no. 11 (July 1997): 2587–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199707280-00033.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Jalil, Sajiya, Dane Allen, Joseph Youker, and Andrey Shilnikov. "Toward robust phase-locking inMelibeswim central pattern generator models." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 23, no. 4 (December 2013): 046105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4825389.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

DIMITRIJEVIC, MILAN R., YURI GERASIMENKO, and MICHAELA M. PINTER. "Evidence for a Spinal Central Pattern Generator in Humansa." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 860, no. 1 NEURONAL MECH (November 1998): 360–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09062.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Vogelstein, R. Jacob, Francesco V. G. Tenore, Lisa Guevremont, Ralph Etienne-Cummings, and Vivian K. Mushahwar. "A Silicon Central Pattern Generator Controls Locomotion in Vivo." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2, no. 3 (September 2008): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2008.2001867.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

Wolpert, Seth, and W. Otto Friesen. "On the parametric stability of a central pattern generator." Neurocomputing 32-33 (June 2000): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-2312(00)00218-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

Futakata, Y., and T. Iwasaki. "Formal analysis of resonance entrainment by central pattern generator." Journal of Mathematical Biology 57, no. 2 (January 4, 2008): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00285-007-0151-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the bibliographies on the topic 'Central pattern generator' for other source types:
Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography