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1
Atrapada sin salida: Buenos Aires en la política nacional, 1916-2007. San Martin, Provincia de Buenos Aires [Argentina]: UNSAM EDITA, 2010.
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Saxena, Sanjeev. Taxmann's central sales tax law... New Delhi: Taxmann Allied Services, 2005.
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4
India. Law of central sales tax in India: With 1988 central budget amendments and exhaustive commentary thereon. 5th ed. Jaipur: Anand Prakashan, 1988.
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5
Lapiashvili, Natia. Modern law of contracts and sales in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Den Haag: Eleven International Pub., 2011.
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Groschen, G. E. Hydrogeologic framework and geochemistry of the Edwards Aquifer saline-water zone, south-central Texas. Austin, Tex: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1997.
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Hill, Sara R. Dryland salinity in North Central Victoria: A case study in detection, management and prediction. Melbourne, Victoria: Dept. of Geography, Monash University, 1988.
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Trudell, Mark R. Chemistry of groundwater in mine spoil, central Alberta. Report 1. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Land Conservation and Reclamation Council, Reclamation Research Technical Advisory Committee, 1988.
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S, Srinivasan. Central sales tax law: An exhaustive commentary on the Central Sales Tax Act, 1956, along with the Central Sales Tax (Registration and Turnover) Rules, 1957 and the rules framed under that act by the Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal States. Patna: Malhotra Bros., 1998.
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Pakistan. Central Board of Revenue. A compilation of central excise general orders and instructions: 1945-May 1986. 3rd ed. Islamabad: Manual Cell, Central Board of Revenue, 1987.
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Choudhry, Najib A. Law of central excise duties and sales tax: As amended upto 18th February 1988. Lahore: Tariq Najib Corp., 1988.
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Kirkham, Robert M. Reconnaissance field investigation of surface-water specific conductance in the Snowmass-Glenwood Springs area, west-central Colorado. Denver, Colo: Colorado Geological Survey, 1999.
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13
Centraal Boekhuis: Logistiek van boeken in veranderend perspectief. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2009.
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14
Thomas, Jonathan V. Borehole geophysical, fluid, and hydraulic properties within and surrounding the freshwater/saline-water transition zone, San Antonio segment of the Edwards Aquifer, south-central Texas, 2010-2011. Reston, Virginia: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2012.
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15
Court, India Supreme. Supreme Court sales tax judgments, 1950-2005: Containing sales tax, central sales tax, works contract, entry tax, profession tax, entertainments tax, luxuries tax. 2nd ed. Bangalore: Karanataka Law Journal Publications, 2005.
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16
Gillespie, J. B. Geohydrology of the Wellington-alluvial aquifer system and evaluation of possible locations of relief wells to decrease saline ground-water discharge to the Smoky Hill and Solomon Rivers, central Kansas. Lawrence, Kan: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986.
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17
Pakistan. The Sales Tax (Amendment) Act, 1990: Latest sales tax exemptions (S.R.O. no. 597, 598, 599, 600 & 601(I)/90, dated 7th June, 1990) with Central Excise & Salt Act, 1944 ... [Karachi: s.n.], 1990.
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International Symposium on Strategies for Utilizing Salt Affected Lands (1992 Bangkok, Thailand). International Symposium on Strategies for Utilizing Salt Affected Lands: Abstracts : 17-25 February 1992, Central Plaza Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand. [Bangkok]: Printing Sub Division, Land Development Dept., 1992.
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19
Dutt, S. K. Rajasthan sales tax referencer: Containing up-to-date amended text of the central & Rajasthan Sales Tax Acts & Rules, along with case law from Raj. High Court, Board of Revenue & Raj. Sales Tax Tribunal, 1955-1986. Jaipur: Bafna Publications, 1987.
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Shevchenko, L. I. Dogovornye otnoshenii︠a︡ v sfere ėnergetiki: Monografii︠a︡. Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo "MGIMO-Universitet", 2015.
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Kathleen, Andrade, ed. Insourcing after the outsourcing: MIS survival guide. New York: American Management Association, 1998.
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Spain. Colección de decretos y ordenes de las Cortes de Cádiz. Madrid: Cortes Generales, 1987.
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Spain. Telecomunicaciones. 2nd ed. Madrid: Ministerio de la Presidencia, Boletín Oficial del Estado, 2002.
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Spain. Legislación de radio y televisión. 2nd ed. Madrid: Editorial Tecnos, 1997.
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Margaret, DeWitt, and Downtown Research and Development Center., eds. Holidays downtown: How to promote them successfully. New York, NY: Downtown Research & Development Center, 1988.
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Holtschneider, Hannah. Jewish Orthodoxy in Scotland. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474452595.001.0001.
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This book analyses the religious aspects of Jewish acculturation to Scotland through a transnational perspective on migration, focused through an examination of Jewish religious leadership and authority in the international context of Anglophone Jewish history in the first three decades of the twentieth century. Focusing on British Jewish history in the first half of the twentieth century, and on the biography of one significant actor in a so-called ‘provincial’ Jewish community, this monograph explores the development of a central feature of British Jewish religious history: power relations within Jewish religious institutions, and particularly relations between the assumed centre (London) and the ‘provinces’ at a time of massive demographic and cultural change. With immigration stagnating and immigrants now poised to stay rather than seeing Britain as a staging post in their journey west, Jewish communities had to come to terms with the majority of their congregants being first generation immigrants, and to deal with the resulting cultural conflicts amongst the migrants and with those resident Jews whose families had acculturated and anglicised one or more generations previously. Salis Daiches’s life journey (1880-1945) highlights central aspects of the processes of adjustment in communities across the United Kingdom from the perspective of the ‘provincial periphery’. Competing religious ideologies in the early twentieth century are a crucial element in the history of British Jewry, rather than a transient social phenomenon. Religion as performed, taught, and thought about at a local level by ‘religious professionals’ is a vehicle for the exploration of the migration.
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Hepburn, Allan. Rebuilding the Church: Barbara Pym’s Parochialism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828570.003.0005.
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Despite being relegated to the sidelines of British literature as a female novelist, Barbara Pym holds faith with a central strand of literary culture, namely the place of the church in the community and the place of women within the Church of England. Pym anthropologizes religious observance, with particular irony directed at the exclusionary hierarchy of the church, which admits only men to its ranks of curates, vicars, and bishops while relegating women to parsons’ wives or ‘excellent women’ who decorate altars and arrange jumble sales. In Excellent Women, Jane and Prudence, and A Glass of Blessings, Pym centres novelistic representation on the parish, even as she critiques the demotion of women and queer men to second-class status with church-defined communities. On occasion, she appeals to ‘paganism’ to invigorate Christian observance. She also appeals to the contemporary discussion of reconstruction in the postwar years as a way of rethinking parishes and church communities.
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Bhole, Malini. Functions of the immune system. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0293.
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This chapter reviews the functions of the immune system, which has evolved to provide a defence mechanism against microbial challenges, and is divided into two main branches, innate and adaptive. In addition, there are physical and chemical barriers, including skin, mucous membrane, mucous secretions, saliva, and various enzymes, and these contribute to the first line of defence against pathogens. The innate immune system provides the initial quick response for rapid recognition and elimination of pathogens, as opposed to the adaptive immune system, which has evolved to provide a more definitive and finely tuned response. The common central feature of both of these systems is the ability to distinguish between self and non-self. The recognition of non-self or ‘foreign’ pathogens and the subsequent immune response is orchestrated by a whole range of cells and soluble (humoral) factors in both innate and adaptive immune systems.
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Raghunathan, Karthik, and Andrew Shaw. Crystalloids in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0057.
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‘Crystalloid’ refers to solutions of crystalline substances that can pass through a semipermeable membrane and are distributed widely in body fluid compartments. The conventional Starling model predicts transvascular exchange based on the net balance of opposing hydrostatic and oncotic forces. Based on this model, colloids might be considered superior resuscitative fluids. However, observations of fluid behaviour during critical illness are not consistent with such predictions. Large randomized controlled studies have consistently found that colloids offer no survival advantage relative to crystalloids in critically-ill patients. A revised Starling model describes a central role for the endothelial glycocalyx in determining fluid disposition. This model supports crystalloid utilization in most critical care settings where the endothelial surface layer is disrupted and lower capillary pressures (hypovolaemia) make volume expansion with crystalloids effective, since transvascular filtration decreases, intravascular retention increases and clearance is significantly reduced. There are important negative consequences of both inadequate and excessive crystalloid resuscitation. Precise dosing may be titrated based on functional measures of preload responsiveness like pulse pressure variation or responses to manoeuvres such as passive leg raising. Crystalloids have variable electrolyte concentrations, volumes of distribution, and, consequently variable effects on plasma pH. Choosing balanced crystalloid solutions for resuscitation may be potentially advantageous versus ‘normal’ (isotonic, 0.9%) saline solutions. When used as the primary fluid for resuscitation, saline solutions may have adverse effects in critically-ill patients secondary to a reduction in the strong ion difference and hyperchloraemic, metabolic acidosis. Significant negative effects on immune and renal function may result as well.
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Tinker-Salas, Miguel. Venezuela. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199783298.001.0001.
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Among the top ten oil exporters in the world and a founding member of OPEC, Venezuela currently supplies 11 percent of U.S. crude oil imports. But when the country elected the fiery populist politician Hugo Chavez in 1998, tensions rose with this key trading partner and relations have been strained ever since. In this concise, accessible introduction, Miguel Tinker-Salas--a native of Venezuela who has written extensively about the country--takes a broadly chronological approach to the history of Venezuela, but keeps oil and its effects on the country’s politics, economy, culture, and international relations a central focus. After an introductory section that discusses the legacy of Spanish colonialism, Tinker-Salas explores the “The Era of the Gusher,” a period which began with the discovery of oil in the early 1910s, encompassed the mid-century development and nationalization of the industry, and ended with a change of government in 1989 in response to widespread protests. Tinker-Salas also provides a detailed discussion of Hugo Chavez--his rise to power, his domestic, political and economic policies, and his high-profile forays into international relations. Arranged in helpful question-and-answer format that allows readers to search topics of particular interest, the book covers such questions as: Who is Simón Bolívar and why is he called the George Washington of Latin America? How did the discovery of oil change Venezuela’s relationship to the U.S.? What forces were behind the coups of 1992? Does Chavez really want to be president for life? How does Venezuela interact with China, Russia, and Iran? And much more. Convenient, engaging, and written by a leading expert on the country, Venezuela: What Everyone Needs to Know offers a lively look at an increasingly important player on the world stage.
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Lin, Yi-min. The Tipping Point and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190682828.003.0008.
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Chapter 7 explores how the tipping point of massive privatization came about and what set the tempo and shaped the scope of the precipitous changes that followed and spread beyond the initial limits set by central leaders. It shows that the trigger came from a confluence of challenges rendered by the sales growth strategy, the 1994 fiscal restructuring, and persistent and evolving demographic forces. The pace and extent of subsequent ownership change were greatly influenced by a political bandwagon effect, a shift in the focus of local officials’ self-interest calculus, and an intensification of insider manipulation in the public sector. Together, the interplay among these forces represented a continuation of the same opportunistic rationality that had driven the behavior of political actors up to the tipping point.
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Borrero Vargas, Arley, Alfonso Gil Osorio, and Bernely Murillo Erazo. Mercadeo, nuevos mercados objetivo y gerencia de ventas en la apertura de siglo. Editorial Universidad Santiago de Cali, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35985/9789585522619.
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El compendio de artículos que conforma el presente libro, en sus manos, ha sido el fruto del trasegar docente y profesional de los autores en el campo del Mercadeo. Unas veces inmersos en las lecturas analíticas y en las dinámicas del aula de clase frente a estudiantes expectantes e inquietos por nuevos conocimientos, y otras veces desde las salas de juntas de empresas comprometidas con mejorar sus desempeños en el mundo de los negocios. Precisamente, y dado su carácter flexible y cambiante - , las líneas aquí escritas hacen un sencillo pero claro llamado al avizoramiento de esta importante disciplina en el marco del Siglo XXI. La intención central entonces es contribuir al debate estudioso y profesional en torno al Mercadeo, los nuevos nichos, y la Gerencia de Ventas en la apertura del Nuevo Siglo.
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Staitieh, Bashar S., and Greg S. Martin. Therapeutic goals of fluid resuscitation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0070.
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Optimizing tissue perfusion by administering intravenous fluids presents a special challenge to the intensive care unit (ICU) clinician. Recent studies have drastically altered how we assess a patient’s fluid responsiveness, particularly with regard to upstream surrogates of tissue perfusion. Central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure have been found to be inaccurate markers of fluid responsiveness and have given way to methods such as cardiac output as assessed by echocardiography and the various forms of arterial waveform analysis. These newer techniques, such as stroke volume variation, systolic pressure variation, and pulse pressure variation, have been found to better delineate which patients will respond to a fluid challenge with an increase in cardiac output, and which will not. In addition, traditional methods of assessing the consequences of excessive fluid administration, such as pulmonary oedema and the non-anion gap acidosis of saline administration, have given way to more sophisticated measurements of extravascular lung water, now available at the bedside. Downstream markers of tissue perfusion, such as base deficit, central venous oxygen saturations, and lactic acid, continue to be useful in particular clinical settings, but are all relatively non-specific markers, and are therefore difficult to use as resuscitation targets for ICU patients in general. Finally, recent data on septic shock and ARDS have demonstrated the importance of conservative fluid strategies, while data in surgical populations have emphasized the need for judicious fluid administration and attention to the balance of blood products used in resuscitation efforts.
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Adelstein, Richard. Property and Utility. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694272.003.0004.
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This chapter shows how government constrains ownership in pursuing its objectives, considers the police power and eminent domain as alternative ways of achieving them in light of the dispute between Locke and Bentham, and introduces a central concept of the book, involuntary exchange. Exercising its police power, government may destroy the value of property without compensation, but eminent domain takings require that owners be paid full compensation for their loss. Eminent domain thus governs involuntary exchanges, compelled sales of property to government at a price equal to the replacement value of the property taken, and constitutes an organizational midpoint between markets and liability as institutions to govern exchange. The Supreme Court’s problematic attempts to distinguish between the two powers, and determine when a taking has been for public use, are considered, and two modern scholarly attempts to address the takings question, one Benthamite and one Lockean, are compared.
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Schmidt, Dieter, and Simon Shorvon. Modern Blockbusters. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725909.003.0004.
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Five modern antiepileptic drugs have reached the fabled blockbuster status (more than $1 billion sales per year), albeit for treatment of not only epilepsy but for other disorders of the central nervous system too. These drugs generated huge profits, and the chapter asks, how were they discovered and are they worth their money? The history of the five blockbusters—levetiracetam, lamotrigine, topiramate, gabapentin, and pregabalin—provides an interesting study of chance, science, wrong ideas, and finance, and most importantly luck. The discovery of the antiepileptic effects of some of these compounds was stumbled upon by simple good fortune, and others barely escaped an early demise during an unpromising early development. Despite the commercial success, no study has shown any of these drugs to be any more effective than older drugs, yet they made billions. This chapter examines how industry could do this and what the drivers are for success.
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Lin, Yi-min. Rule Bending for the Necessary Evil. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190682828.003.0006.
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Chapter 5 investigates the strategies of local officials in places where the sales growth strategy faltered in the early years of reform. An alternative strategy was to tolerate and even facilitate the expansion of private business beyond centrally set limits, as illustrated by the much-studied case of Wenzhou in Zhejiang province. Echoing the prevailing view on the important role of entrepreneurship in early privatization, the chapter goes further to investigate how and why local entrepreneurial forces survived Maoism in the peculiar local setting, and how their interplay with extraordinary economic hardship developed into both a driving force for local policy change and a shield against the political risks that had to be contained. This re-examination of the case material also sheds light on why Wenzhou was an “aberration” and why many “laggard” regions in public-enterprise-led growth did not actively promote private business before centrally initiated ownership restructuring.
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Gibson, Alistair A., and Peter J. D. Andrews. Management of traumatic brain injury. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0343.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and although young male adults are at particular risk, it affects all ages. TBI often occurs in the presence of significant extracranial injuries and immediate management focuses on the ABCs—airway with cervical spine control, breathing, and circulation. Best outcomes are achieved by management in centres that can offer comprehensive neurological critical care and appropriate management for extracranial injuries. If patients require transfer from an admitting hospital to a specialist centre, the transfer must be carried out by an appropriately skilled and equipped transport team. The focus of specific TBI management is on the avoidance of secondary injury to the brain. The principles of management are to avoid hypotension and hypoxia, control intracranial pressure and maintain cerebral perfusion pressure above 60 mmHg. Management of increased intracranial pressure is generally by a stepwise approach starting with sedation and analgesia, lung protective mechanical ventilation to normocarbia in a 30° head-up position, maintenance of oxygenation, and blood pressure. Additional measures include paralysis with a neuromuscular blocking agent, CSF drainage via an external ventricular drain, osmolar therapy with mannitol or hypertonic saline, and moderate hypothermia. Refractory intracranial hypertension may be treated surgically with decompressive craniectomy or medically with high dose barbiturate sedation. General supportive measures include provision of adequate nutrition preferably by the enteral route, thromboembolism prophylaxis, skin and bowel care, and management of all extracranial injuries.
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Esch, Elizabeth D. Color Line and the Assembly Line. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520285378.001.0001.
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Between World Wars 1 and 2, the Ford Motor Company globalized its sales and production and, in the process, became an exporter of American race practices and what this transnational study calls “white managerialism.” In examining three societies—Brazil, South Africa, and the United States—where Ford supported white supremacist political and social policies, this study deepens our understanding of how American firms rose to prominence globally, including in parts of the world formerly dominated by the British Empire. It argues that seemingly arbitrary and irrational racist ideologies found material backing in managerial practices and policies initiated by Ford and supported by local and national governments. Its focus on the interwar years, when Ford hired unprecedented numbers of African American workers in its Rouge plant in Dearborn, Michigan, allows for a focus on those workers who were both simultaneously central to the Ford empire and treated as second-class citizens within it.
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Madsen, Erik Strøjer, Jens Gammelgaard, and Bersant Hobdari, eds. New Developments in the Brewing Industry. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854609.001.0001.
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Institutions and ownership play a central role in the transformation and development of the beer market and the brewing industry. Institutions set the external environment of the brewery through both formal requirements and informal acceptance of these companies’ operations by the public, whereas the owners and their managers adapt to these external challenges but also follow their own agenda in setting up strategies for innovation, marketing, takeovers, etc. The 13 chapters in this book cover changes in a range of institutions, such as excise tax, zoning regulation, trade liberalization, consumers’ habits and tastes for beer and sales regulation of alcohol. The responses from the breweries has included a craft beer revolution with a surge in demand for special flowered hops, a globalization strategy from the macrobreweries, outsourcing by contract brewing and knowledge exchange for small-sized breweries, etc. The book consists of two parts. The first includes chapters primarily focusing on institutions, whereas the chapters in the second part take mainly an ownership perspective. The book’s contribution lies primarily in an analysis of the link between institutions and governance, pointing to how the most successful breweries have adapted to the external changes in institutions in the brewery sector.
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Romsom, Etienne, and Kathryn McPhail. Capturing economic and social value from hydrocarbon gas flaring: evaluation of the issues. 5th ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/939-6.
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Atmospheric emissions urgently need to reduce for natural gas to fulfill its potential role in the energy transition to achieve the Paris Agreement on climate change. This paper establishes the magnitude and trends of flaring and venting in oil and gas operations, as well as their emissions and impact on air quality, health, and climate. While global flaring and venting comprise 7.5 per cent of natural gas produced, their combined impact on health and climate (in terms of Social Cost of Atmospheric Release) accounts for 54 per cent. Many low- and middle-income countries are economically dependent on oil and gas production. Most premature deaths from air pollution in 2016 were in developing countries. Most natural gas losses and emissions are avoidable. If all natural gas flared and vented globally is captured and brought to market, it could supply annually more than the total South and Central America gas consumption, plus all of Africa’s power needs. If 75 per cent of these volumes are captured, it provides an additional natural gas sales value of US$36 billion per annum (assuming an average gas price of US$4/MMBtu).
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Humphreys, John, and Sally Little, eds. Challenges in Estuarine and Coastal Science. Pelagic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53061/bdix4458.
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Estuarine and coastal waters are acknowledged centres for anthropogenic impacts. Superimposed on the complex natural interactions between land, rivers and sea are the myriad consequences of human activity – a spectrum ranging from locally polluting effluents to some of the severest consequences of global climate change. For practitioners, academics and students in the field of coastal science and policy, this book examines and exemplifies current and future challenges: from upper estuaries to open coasts and adjacent seas; from tropical to temperate latitudes; from Europe to Australia. This authoritative volume marks the 50th anniversary of the Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, and contains a prologue by founding member Professor Richard Barnes and a short history of the Association. Individual chapters then address coastal erosion and deposition; open shores to estuaries and deltas; marine plastics; coastal squeeze and habitat loss; tidal freshwaters – saline incursion and estuarine squeeze; restoration management using remote data collection; carbon storage; species distribution and non-natives; shorebirds; Modelling environmental change; physical processes such as sediments and modelling; sea level rise and estuarine tidal dynamics; estuaries as fish nurseries; policy versus reality in coastal conservation; developments in Estuarine, coastal and marine management.
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Whyman, Susan E. Hutton Becomes a Bookseller. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797838.003.0004.
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Chapter 3 depicts Birmingham’s booming print culture and maps its members, activities, and locations. Bookshops, printers, libraries, lecturers, and debating societies offered self-education to non-elites who enjoyed cultural activities. Hutton sold second-hand books and ran a circulating library. He disseminated useful knowledge for ‘the meaner sort’ and sold cheap paper to workshops. His neglected cashbook (1751–3) lists 1,038 books, stationery, and services. Charts and tables analyse the items he sold by type, subject, price, and sales. The cashbook’s references to ‘reading’ present new evidence of the role of the bookshop as an early community reading centre. Hutton’s very low prices also challenge the orthodoxy that non-elites could not afford to read. The books he sold were practical products, not the pathway to politeness that dominates eighteenth-century studies. Book bills, catalogues, and inventories of the contents of Hutton’s shop reveal the mechanics of selling and consuming books in rare detail.
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Markey, Daniel S. China's Western Horizon. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680190.001.0001.
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This book explains how China’s new foreign policies like the vaunted “Belt and Road” Initiative are being shaped by local and regional politics outside China and assesses the political implications of these developments for Eurasia and the United States. It depicts the ways that President Xi Jinping’s China is zealously transforming its national wealth and economic power into tools of global political influence and details these developments in South Asia, Central Asia, and the Middle East. Drawing from extensive interviews, travels, and historical research, it describes how perceptions of China vary widely within states like Pakistan, Kazakhstan, and Iran. Eurasia’s powerful and privileged groups often expect to profit from their connections to China, while others fear commercial and political losses. Similarly, statesmen across Eurasia are scrambling to harness China’s energy purchases, arms sales, and infrastructure investments as a means to outdo their strategic competitors, like India and Saudi Arabia, while negotiating relations with Russia and America. The book finds that, on balance, China’s deepening involvement will play to the advantage of regional strongmen and exacerbate the political tensions within and among Eurasian states. To make the most of America’s limited influence along China’s western horizon (and elsewhere), it argues that US policymakers should pursue a selective and localized strategy to serve America’s aims in Eurasia and to better compete with China over the long run.
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Simonoff, Alejandro César, ed. La Argentina y el mundo frente al Bicentenario de la Revolución de Mayo. Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (EDULP), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.35537/10915/15921.
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Poco tiempo después de fundar el Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (IRI) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata en 1990, pensamos que uno de los objetivos del mismo debía ser la creación de un centro de reflexión sobre la Política Internacional, en el cual se trabajara sobre los grandes cambios que se producían en el escenario mundial, como así también dejar constituido un ámbito donde se analicen y debatan las perspectivas y prospectivas de los mismos sobre la futura configuración del sistema internacional y su influencia en la formulación de nuestra Política Exterior. En ese sentido, en el año 1995, creamos el Centro de Reflexión en Política Internacional (CERPI), contando entre sus primeros integrantes al profesor de nuestra Maestría en Relaciones Internacionales, Roberto Miranda y los alumnos de la misma en ese momento, Edgardo Paltrinieri y Alejandro Simonoff. Posteriormente, con la coordinación de los profesores Miranda y Simonoff, se comenzó a realizar un seguimiento y debate de los grandes acontecimientos internacionales que se producían en la escena mundial y que afectaban a la región, la subregión y a nuestro país, utilizando todos los instrumentos e instancias del Instituto. Así fue que se elaboró desde el año 2002, El Informe de Política Exterior Argentina, en una primera instancia en el Boletín de Informaciones del IRI y posteriormente en el año 2003, en nuestra revista Relaciones Internacionales; en ese mismo año comenzó a salir también en el Anuario en Relaciones Internacionales. El continuo y organizado trabajo del CERPI, se vio reflejado en el aumento de la participación de estudiantes y docentes de diferentes unidades académicas de nuestra Universidad y de otras casas de estudios. Además del Programa de Seguimiento de la Política Exterior, desde el 2002, algunos integrantes del Centro formaron un equipo de investigación para analizar “Los veinte años de Política Exterior en Democracia”, que trabajó durante el período 2002-2005. En el año 2007, se realizó otro proyecto de investigación sobre la participación de los nuevos actores subnacionales en el nuevo contexto mundial con el trabajo “La gestión subnacional de las relaciones internacionales en el marco de la globalización. El caso de la provincia de Buenos Aires”. A partir de esa fecha y teniendo presente la cercanía del Bicentenario de la Revolución de Mayo, cumpliendo con uno de los objetivos centrales que inspiró la creación del CERPI, que consiste en constituir un ámbito de capacitación, actualización y producción académica de nuestra Política Exterior, el profesor Dr. Alejandro Simonoff, (egresado de la Maestría y del Doctorado en Relaciones Internacionales de nuestra Universidad) elaboró la idea, planificó y coordinó el proyecto que es la base de este libro.
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Bapat, Navin A. Monsters to Destroy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190061456.001.0001.
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This study argues that the war on terror can be explained as an effort to cement the U.S. dollar as the world’s foremost reserve currency by expanding American control over the global energy markets. Since the 1970s, the states of OPEC agreed to denominate their oil sales in U.S. dollars in exchange for American military protection. The 9/11 attacks gave the U.S. cover to eliminate current challengers to this system while simultaneously striking new security agreements with host states throughout the Middle East, Africa, and central Asia that are critical to the extraction, sale, and transportation of energy to global markets. However, the U.S. security guarantee soon created a moral hazard problem. Since the host states had American protection, they were free to engage in corrupt behaviors—while labeling their political opponents as terrorists. To make matters worse, these states had incentives to keep terrorists in their territory, given that doing so would force the U.S. to protect them indefinitely. As a result of this moral hazard problem, terrorists in the host states gradually grew in power and transitioned to insurgencies, which caused a rapid escalation in violence. Facing the increasing cost of securing the host states, the U.S. was forced to scale back its security guarantee, which in turn contributed to greater violence in the energy market. Although the U.S. began the war to maintain its economic dominance, it now finds itself locked into a seemingly permanent war for its economic security.
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Centro de Corredores de Cereales de Rosario: Un siglo forjando mercados, promoviendo vínculos, generando oportunidades : 100 años, 1908-2008. [Argentina: s.n., 2008.
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Desafios da educação na contemporaneidade: discursos emergentes e concepções de ensino. Editora Amplla, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51859/amplla.dec139.1120-0.
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Pensar a Educação no século XXI é um desafio intrigante. Já se fala em Educação 4.0, nomenclatura proveniente do desenvolvimento rápido e contínuo das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) e da internet que tem, cada vez mais, invadido o cotidiano das escolas e das salas de aula. Enquanto se teoriza uma Educação que, supostamente, é 4.0 e tem acompanhado as tendências digitais, ousamos problematizar que os problemas e desafios que envolvem os espaços educativos ainda são da geração 1.0. O termo Educação 1.0, do final do século XVIII, conceitua um enfoque tradicional de educação, o professor é o protagonista e o processo de ensino e aprendizagem individualizado, reservado as elites. A educação 2.0 surgiu com o intuito de preparar o homem para trabalhar nas fábricas durante o século XIX, os processos eram pautados na repetição e memorização. Em meados do século XX, a partir da 3° Revolução Industrial, surgiu a educação 3.0 que, de maneira inovadora, incorporou as novas tecnologias aos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, tratando os alunos como protagonistas da sua aprendizagem, democratização do saber. Já a educação 4.0 aparece como consequência da quarta revolução industrial, buscando atender as supostas emergências e necessidades do século, informações mais acessíveis, digitalização dos processos e diversas possibilidades de inovação1 . A obra "Desafios da educação na contemporaneidade: discursos emergentes e concepções de ensino" contém artigos que levam a pensar nesses desafios, compreendendo que eles envolvem as tecnologias digitais, mas vão bem além delas. Há desafios emergentes nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem que por ora são silenciados em detrimento de outros. Esta obra é uma das aberturas das cortinas das escolas e salas de aula visando trazer à tona temáticas que, na maioria das vezes, ainda são invisibilizadas. Tais temáticas, abordadas ao longo dos capítulos, enfocam desafios das mais diversas ordens, tais como: Formação de professores, prática docente, educação e diretos humanos, projeto político pedagógico, educação e tecnologias, educação na 1 LENGEL, J. G. A evolução da educação: 1-2-3. In: Carvalho, M. T. (Org.). Educação 3.0: novas perspectivas para o ensino. Unisinos. São Leopoldo, RS: 2017. pandemia, ensino remoto, educação a distância, educação e cultura, relações étnicoraciais, educação inclusiva, estágio docente, dentre outras. A partir das temáticas abordadas pelos autores e pelas autoras, percebemos que ao falar dos desafios da educação na contemporaneidade e ao analisar esses desafios visando desnudar o chão dos espaços educativos, as discussões têm como objetivo central o encontro de possíveis caminhos que colaborem e motivem não apenas os profissionais da educação, mas também seus alunos e alunas. Enquanto os desafios se desenham como vielas aparentemente sem saída, caminhos bifurcados ou como o tão conhecido fundo do poço, o debate sobre eles aqui proposto tendem por ressignificálos à medida que transformam os desafios em molas propulsoras de esperança e de novas possibilidades. Problematizar e refletir sobre a educação contemporânea e seus desafios é uma forma de ser sensível ao que vivem os profissionais da educação espalhados por esse país em seu trabalho cotidiano com os alunos e as alunas. Essa sensibilidade é ainda mais urgente quando, além dos já conhecidos inúmeros desafios que assolam a educação brasileira, passamos a viver, de repente, um contexto de pandemia, a saber, a pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID 19). Nesse contexto, as questões discutidas pelos autores, de maneira envolvente e interdisciplinar a partir de abordagens teórico-metodológicas, funcionam ainda como materiais de apoio, de colaboração e de esperança para os profissionais da educação. Falar sobre os desafios não significa esbarrar neles e estagnar. É preciso fazer, sem romantizar, o que os profissionais da educação desse país sabem fazer de melhor: Ousar, criar, redesenhar, esperançar, amar... Mesmo diante do caos. Que os desafios aqui discutidos sejam possibilidades de pensar além.
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Chapman, Robert B., and Kathleen Andrade. Insourcing After the Outsourcing: Mis Survival Guide. AMACOM, 1997.
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Sepúlveda, Jovanny. Luces y sombras de la constitucionalizacion en la justicia. CUA - Medellin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.52441/der201806.
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Atendiendo al trabajo colaborativo de la Red Interinstitucional -Derecho Procesal y Justicia- y al esfuerzo mancomunado de diferentes maestros que presentan los productos resultados de sus investigaciones, Instituciones de Educación Superior, y al Colegio de Jueces y Fiscales, se presenta para la discusión de la comunidad académica y científica, el libro resultado de investigación titulado Luces y sombras de la constitucionalización en la justicia, socializado en el V Seminario Internacional sobre el Proceso y la Justicia, realizado en Medellín, Colombia, en Plaza Mayor. Se propuso el tema de la constitucionalización, por considerarlo de suma importancia en el derecho procesal y en el mundo jurídico en general, entendiendo que produce efectos directos, desde la juridización con el precedente constitucional, la producción de normas y las transformaciones de las sociedades. Se encontrarán temas de discusión necesarios para la actualidad en la formación jurídica e interdisciplinar de los futuros abogados del país, y para el debate en el mundo operativo del derecho. Entre otros asuntos, se analizan y se presentan reflexiones sobre el reconocimiento de los límites sociológicos, se cuestiona sobre quiénes son los verdaderos formalistas en la teoría de la decisión judicial, quién debe defender 10 la Constitución desde el punto de vista de Schmitt y Kelsen, se habla sobre la tutela colectiva de derechos en las nuevas tendencias procesales, se presentan reflexiones sobre el acceso a la información ambiental y el secreto empresarial, pasando por la promoción del derecho a la convivencia pacífica, la minería en Colombia, el sacrificio de la tutela judicial efectiva, el derecho privado y la sanción penal, la seguridad social y su fundamentalidad, la violación de los derechos humanos en Argentina en las décadas de los 70 y 80 y el abordaje jurídico en la salida democrática, la decisión judicial desde los derechos fundamentales, el análisis sobre la propiedad privada como derecho sin límite, para terminar con las reflexiones frente a la conciliación en la propiedad intelectual desde la constitucionalización en Colombia. Es posiblemente temprano todavía en Colombia para presentar en su totalidad los efectos de la constitucionalización del derecho, ya que se requiere promover su difusión e investigación, por lo tanto, desde la Red, se pretende abrir camino para que progresivamente se continúen los estudios sistemáticos y sistémicos frente a la importancia del tema planteado. Asimismo, se hace una resignificación de la Constitución como la norma de normas y la importancia de los principios y las reglas constitucionales, desde los productos resultados de investigación de cada uno de los autores, en donde se observa que queda atrás la doctrina de Montesquieu, referente a la constitución programática, en donde la norma constitucional debía contar con la ley, desconociendo que la Constitución tiene carácter normativo y más que ley, es considerada como la ley suprema. Se debe comprender que el proceso judicial actualmente, necesita estar humanizado, tal como lo plantea el profesor Devis Echandía, de forma tal que se procure la inmediación del juez con los justiciables, comprendiendo que se trata de actuaciones de personas que juzgan a otras personas, por lo que es tan importante tener en cuenta los derechos fundamentales, de acuerdo a los estudios de gran impacto en Latinoamérica y en el mundo de los profesores Michelle Taruffo y Domingo 11 García Belaúnde se tendría una real constitucionalización de la justicia. Por ello la academia, la investigación y los versados en el conocimiento disciplinar del derecho en Colombia, proponen difundir entre los fines esenciales del Estado–como lo establece la Constitución Política – el predominio de la convivencia pacífica, sin maltratos emocionales, jurídicos, legales o constitucionales, promoviendo la vigencia de un orden justo para todos. En manos de los diferentes operadores jurídicos, abogados defensores, jueces de la República, abogados de los consultorios jurídicos y centros de conciliación, entre otros, se encuentra el entender que las personas no solo entregan sus problemas jurídicos, legales o contractuales, sino que también entregan su confianza, su ser, una vida, un sentir, una vivencia y, por ende, una realidad o un conflicto social; y los operadores jurídicos no podemos ser inferiores a esa expectativa, porque ante todo se debe tener en cuenta lo humano, el ser holístico. La sociedad suplica jueces y operadores jurídicos que obren con sensibilidad y, en este sentido, se plantea la idea de promover, difundir, posicionar e investigar sobre la humanización con la constitucionalización de la justicia. Teniendo en cuenta todo lo anterior, se plantean los nuevos modelos procesales, precisamente en la constitucionalización del derecho procesal, humanizando el proceso judicial para cumplir la función social de interés público, entre otros, el lograr la armonía social, reconociendo ante todo al ser humano.