Academic literature on the topic 'Central State College (Wilberforce, Ohio)'

Abstract CD4+ central memory T cells (TCM) are key players in recall immune responses and thus are critical to long-term immunity. Despite their importance, much remains to be defined regarding the mechanisms that promote their differentiation and survival. Ikaros zinc finger (IkZF) transcription factors are known regulators of T and B cell differentiation programs. To date, the IkZF factor Eos has been mainly linked to regulatory T cell suppressive functions. Now, we have found that Eos is expressed at elevated levels in CD4+ TCM populations. Comparison between WT and Eos-deficient T cells in a murine model of influenza infection revealed a decrease in the percentage of CD4+ TCM cells in the absence of Eos, suggesting that Eos promotes TCM differentiation and/or survival. Using an established in vitro model of CD4+ TCM-like cell differentiation, we found that loss of Eos correlated with reduced expression of genes encoding key TCM transcription factors and cell surface markers. Further, Eos deficiency resulted in decreased STAT5 activation downstream of IL-7 signaling, a known positive regulator of TCM populations. In WT cells, IL-7 treatment increased Eos expression, suggesting a positive feed-forward relationship exists between Eos expression and IL-7/STAT5 signaling. Overall, our findings demonstrate that Eos is an important regulator of TCM populations. Understanding the mechanisms by which Eos regulates TCM function and survival may therefore be of interest in exploiting TCM protection against re-infection for therapeutic benefit. Supported by a grant from NIAID (NIH- R01 AI134972) and funds through The Ohio State University College of Medicine

Sustainable Agriculture Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Sustainable Agriculture Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://www.ccsenet.org/reviewer and e-mail the completed application form to sar@ccsenet.org. Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 1Aftab Alam, Vice President Agriculture (R&D), Edenworks Inc. New York, United StatesAhmed Ghannam, University of Strasbourg, FranceAmor Slama, Science Faculty of Bizerte, TunisiaBed Mani Dahal, Kathmandu University, NepalBenedict Jonathan Kayombo, Botswana College of Agriculture, BotswanaBeye Amadou Moustapha, Rice Research Center, Cote d'IvoireCarlos Enrrik Pedrosa, Alis - Bom Despacho - MG, BrazilClara Ines Pardo Martinez, University of La Salle, ColombiaCristina Bianca Pocol, University of Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca, RomaniaEntessar Mohammad Al JBawi, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, SyriaFrancesco Sunseri, Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria - Italy, ItalyGema Parra, Universidad de Jaén, SpainInder Pal Singh, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University (GADVASU), IndiaJanakie Shiroma Saparamadu, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri LankaJiun-Yan Loh, UCSI University, MalaysiaKatarzyna Panasiewicz, Pozna? University of Life Sciences, Department of Agronomy, PolandManuel Teles Oliveira, University Tras os Montes Alto Douro (UTAD), PortugalMarcelo Augusto Gonçalves Bardi, Universidade Sao Francisco, BrazilMaren Langhof, Julius Kühn-Institut, GermanyMehmet Yagmur, Ahi Evran University, TurkeyMrutyunjay Swain, Sardar Patel University, IndiaMukantwali Christine, Rwanda Agriculture Board, RwandaMurtazain Raza, Subsidiary of Habib Bank AG Zurich, PakistanPelin Günç Ergönül, Celal Bayar University, TurkeyRaghuveer Sripathi, Advanta US, Inc., USARam Swaroop Jat, ICAR-Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, IndiaRoberto José Zoppolo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (Uruguay), UruguaySilviu Beciu, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, RomaniaStefano Marino, University of Molise, ItalySubbu Kumarappan, Ohio State ATI, United StatesSubhash Chand, Central Agricultural Research Institute CARI Port Blair, IndiaTenaw Workayehu, Hawassa Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Ethiopia

I was born and raised in the old mining town of Barrio DAS (Don Andres Soriano), Lutopan, Toledo City where Atlas Consolidated Mining and Development Corp. (ACMDC) is situated. Dad started his practice in the company’s hospital as an EENT specialist in the early 60’s and was the ‘go to’ EENT Doc not only of nearby towns or cities (including Cebu City) but also the surrounding provinces in the early 70’s. In my elementary years, he was Assistant Director of ACMDC Hospital (we lived just behind in company housing, only a 3-minute walk). I grew interested in what my dad did, sometimes staying in his clinic an hour or so after school, amazed at how efficiently he handled his patients who always felt so satisfied seeing him. At the end of the day, there was always ‘buyot’ (basket) of vegetables, live chickens, freshwater crabs, crayfish, catfish or tilapia. I wondered if he went marketing earlier, but knew he was too busy for that (and mom did that) until I noticed endless lines of patients outside and remembered when he would say: “Being a doctor here - you’ll never go hungry!” I later realized they were PFs (professional fees) of his patients. As a company doctor, Dad received a fixed salary, free housing, utilities, gasoline, schooling for kids and a company car. It was the perfect life! The company even sponsored his further training in Johns-Hopkins, Baltimore, USA. A family man, he loved us so much and was a bit of a joker too, especially at mealtimes. Dad’s daily routine was from 8 am – 5 pm and changed into his tennis, pelota, or badminton outfit. He was the athlete, winning trophies and medals in local sports matches. Dad wanted me to go to the University of the Philippines (UP) High School in the city. I thought a change of environment would be interesting, but I would miss my friends. Anyway, I complied and there I started to understand that my dad was not just an EENT practicing in the Mines but was teaching in Cebu Institute of Medicine and Cebu Doctors College of Medicine (CDCM) and was a consultant in most of the hospitals in Cebu City. And still he went back up to the mountains, back to Lutopan, our mining town where our home was. The old ACMDC hospital was replaced with a new state-of-the-art hospital now named ACMDC Medical Center, complete with Burn Unit, Trauma center and an observation deck in the OR for teaching interns from CDCM. Dad enjoyed teaching them. Most of them are consultants today who are so fond of my dad that they always send their regards when they see me. My dad loved making model airplanes, vehicles, etc. and I realized I had that skill when I was 8 years old and I made my first airplane model. He used to build them out of Balsa wood which is so skillful. I can’t be half the man he was but I realized this hobby enhanced his surgical skills. My dad was so diplomatic and just said to get an engineering course before you become a pilot (most of dads brothers are engineers). I actually gave engineering a go, but after 1 ½ years I realized I was not cut out for it. I actually loved Biology and anything dealing with life and with all the exposure to my dad’s clinic and hospital activities … med school it was! At this point, my dad was already President of the ORL Central Visayas Chapter and was head of ENT Products and Hearing Center. As a graduate of the UP College of Medicine who finished Otorhinolaryngology residency with an additional year in Ophthalmology as one of the last EENTs to finish in UP PGH in the late 50’s, he hinted that if I finished my medical schooling in CDCM that I consider Otorhinolaryngology as a residency program and that UP-PGH would be a good training center. I ended up inheriting the ORL practice of my dad mostly, who taught me some of Ophthalmology outpatient procedures. Dad showed me clinical and surgical techniques in ENT management especially how to deal with patients beyond being a doctor! You don’t learn this in books but from experience. I learned a lot from my dad. Just so lucky I guess! He actually designed and made his own ENT Treatment Unit, which I’m still using to this day (with some modifications of my own). And he created a certain electrically powered ‘eye magnet’ with the help of my cousin (who’s an engineer now in Chicago) which can attract metallic foreign bodies from within the eyeball to the surface so they can easily be picked out – it really works! Dad loved to travel in his younger years especially abroad for conventions or just simply leisure or vacations, most of the time with my mom. But as he was getting older, travels became uncomfortable. His last travel with me was in 2012 for the AAO-HNS Convention in Washington DC. It was a great time as we then proceeded to a US Navy Airshow in nearby Virginia after the convention, meeting up with my brother who is retired from the USN. Then we took the train to New York and stayed with my sister who is a PICU nurse in NY Presbyterian. Then off to Missouri and Ohio visiting the National Museum of the US Air Force, the largest military aircraft museum in the world. For years, Dad had been battling with heredofamilial-hypercholesterolemia problem which took its toll on his liver and made him weak and tired but still he practiced and continued teaching and sharing his knowledge until he retired at the age of 80. By then, my wife and I would take him and my mom out on weekends, he loved to be driven around and eat in different places. I really witnessed and have seen how he suffered from his illness in his final years. But he never showed it or complained, never even wanted to use a cane! He didn’t want to be a burden to anyone. What most affected me was that my dad passed and I wasn’t even there. I had helped call for a physician to rush to the house and had oxygen cylinders to be brought for him as his end stage liver cirrhosis was causing cardio-pulmonary complications (non-COVID). Amidst all this I was the one admitted for 14 days because of COVID-19 pneumonia. My dad passed away peacefully at home as I was being discharged from the hospital. He was 88. I never reached him just to say good bye and cried when I reached home still dyspneic recovering from the viral pneumonia. I realized from my loved ones who told me that dad didn’t want me to stress out taking care of him, as I’ve been doing ever since, but instead to rest and recuperate myself. I cried again with that thought. In my view, he was not only a great Physician and Surgeon but also the greatest Dad. He lived a full life and touched so many lives with his treatments, charity services and teaching new physicians. It’s seeing, remembering and carrying on what he showed and taught us that really makes us miss him. I really love and miss my dad and with a smile on my face, I see he’s also happy to be with his brothers and sisters who passed on ahead. And that he’s rested. He is a man content, I remember he always said this, ‘ As long as I have a roof over my head and a bed to rest my back, I’m okay!”

Wendy A. Kellogg is an Associate Professor of Urban Planning and Environmental Studies. She earned her Ph. D (City and Regional Planning) at Cornell University in 1993. Her major fields of research interest are citizen participation, urban and regional sustainability, neighborhood redevelopment, and Great Lakes water quality and land use issues. She has published analyses of Great Lakes water quality planning programs and citizen participation in neighborhood-based environmental planning. Her research projects have included an environmental history and inventory of a neighborhood in central Cleveland, Ohio, the role of local decision makers in coastal and watershed protection, and the role of training programs in shaping local decision-maker behavior toward coastal management. Dr Kellogg was an Ohio Campus Compact Learn and Serve Fellow in 1998 and a USEPA-funded Fellow at the CSU Program on Risk Analysis in 2000-2001. She currently is a research associate of the Great Lakes Environmental Finance Center at Cleveland State University. Dr Kellogg teaches courses in urban planning, environmental planning, environmental policy, and urban theory. Kathryn Wertheim Hexter, Director of the Levin College ForumProgram since 2000, joined the Maxine Goodman Levin College asa public policy analyst on housing and energy issues in 1989. The Forum brings together the university and the community to address critical public policy issues that impact Northeast Ohio, the state and the nation. She also manages the Thomas F. Campbell, Ph. D Exhibition Gallery that houses exhibits that complement special forum programs. A planner and public policy analyst, Ms Hexter has over 25 years of experience managing and directing projects and evaluating programs in the areas of housing policy, neighborhood development, low-income energy assistance, city and regional planning and civic engagement.

PODEMOS, Spanish for “We Can”, is an interdisciplinary healthcare organization based in Columbus, Ohio, that is designed to meet the healthcare needs of communities around the city of El Progreso, Honduras. Honduras is a developing country in Central America that scores low in most indicators of healthcare quality and access. Most notably, there is a tremendous need for expanded access in rural communities. Established in 2008 by students from the Ohio State University College of Medicine, PODEMOS conducts biannual medical brigades that run primary care clinics in three rural communities around El Progreso through the volunteer service of United States (US)-based medical, pharmacy, and dental professionals. Additionally, the organization works with local leaders to provide healthcare services for patients with chronic conditions, fill gaps in US-based provider coverage, and recruit patients. PODEMOS bases its care on two models, the acute care model for common adult complaints and all children under the age of 18, and the chronic care model for a subset of adult patients who need more complex care for chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Providers then have access to select laboratory and pharmacy services for their patient’s needs. PODEMOS has had a large impact on local communities since its inception, as evidenced by the numerous acute patient visits in its 11 years of existence and the 136 patients currently enrolled in chronic care program. Nevertheless, the organization continues to face challenges in areas such as interprofessional collaboration, security, and maintaining patient turnout. This piece is a descriptive report on PODEMOS, a student-run international medical organization based out of the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, that seeks to inform other student-run organizations about the organization’s structure and operation.

Background Suppression is associated with binocular vision conditions such as amblyopia and strabismus. Commercial methods of testing fusion often only measure central fusion or suppression at near. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess a new iPad picture fusion test that assesses foveal and central fusion at near. Methods Participants aged 5 years and older presenting for eye examination at The Ohio State University College of Optometry were enrolled. Results from visual acuity, dry and wet refraction/retinoscopy, stereopsis and cover testing were recorded from the patient chart. The iPad picture fusion test, Worth four-dot, Worth type test with foveal letter targets, and Polarized four-dot were performed by one examiner in a randomized order at 40 cm. Testing was repeated with the anaglyphic filters reversed. Crosstabulation and McNemar chi-square analysis were used to compare the results between fusion testing devices. Results Of the fifty participants (mean age = 17.5), twelve reported suppression and one reported diplopia. Testability was excellent for all tests (98% to 100%). There were no significant differences between tests in reported results (P ≥ 0.22 for all comparisons). No difference in reported fusion or suppression status was observed with change in orientation of the anaglyphic filters. Six participants reported foveal suppression alone at near which was not identified with Worth four-dot at near. Conclusion The iPad picture fusion test provided excellent testability and agreement with commonly used tests of fusion and allowed testing of both central and foveal fusion at near. Nearly half (46%) of participants with suppression reported foveal suppression, supporting the importance of testing for foveal suppression.

BackgroundRecent studies have shown the consumption of higher quality diets to be significantly associated with lower risk of cancer mortality (Onvani et al., 2016; George et al., 2014). However, characteristics predictive of higher diet quality have not been well elucidated among the cancer population. The study therefore aims to determine socio‐demographic as well as disease related predictors of diet quality among cancer patients.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study that recruited 100 cancer patients from two large cancer clinics in central Ohio. After providing consent, individuals 18 years and older completed questionnaires that assessed sociodemographic variables, disease characteristics, and diet quality. Food and beverages consumed in the previous 6 months were assessed using the Block food frequency questionnaire and used in computing diet quality scores; measured as Health Eating Index 2010 (HEI 2010). Independent sample t‐test and one‐way ANOVA were used to compare mean HEI scores across characteristics. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with HEI scores.ResultsAbout 84% of study participants were females and over half (51%) had a breast cancer diagnosis. The average HEI score was 65.24 (SD = 10.66). Females (M = 66.19, SD = 10.50) had significantly higher mean HEI scores than males (M = 60.23, SD = 10.34, p < 0.05). Individuals who paid bills late due to medical expenses reported significantly lower diet quality (M = 60.42, SD = 10.63) than those who did not (M = 66.76, SD = 10.27, p = 0.01). Education status significantly affected HEI scores (F (3, 95) = 3.937, p = 0.01). Individuals with less than high school education (M = 60.81, SD = 10.71) had significantly lower diet quality scores than did those with a college degree (M = 69.24, SD = 7.36). Gender, education status, monthly income, marital status, smoking status, and timeliness of bill payment were included in the linear regression model. This model explained 26.2% of the variance in HEI scores (R2 = 0.26, F (8, 86) = 3.816, p < 0.01). Smoking status (current smokers) significantly predicted HEI scores (β = −8.411, p = 0.05) as did having to pay bills late due to medical expenses for cancer treatment (β = −4.637, p = 0.05).ConclusionDiet quality is significantly lower in individuals who are current smokers or who have to pay bills late due to medical expenses from cancer treatment. These findings allow healthcare providers to identify patients at risk for consuming low diet quality and therefore in need of targeted interventions that helps improve diet quality. Improvements in diet quality have implications for mortality in this population.Support or Funding InformationFood Innovation Center New Faculty Initiative Award. The Ohio State University.

In my experience as a career teacher of medical histology I have seen the medium for illustrating histological structure in lectures and labs evolve from intricate colored chalk drawings to dynamic Internet accessible virtual slides. My first exposure to histology was in a course taught by two professors at Ohio State University in 1958 that used intricate colored drawings on the classroom chalk board to illustrate the lectures. Since that time, during my 45+ year career in several medical schools directing medical histology courses, I have personally experienced the digital microscopy movement that began in the 1970's and today has a central place in the teaching of histology. In this presentation, the incremental application of new technologies during the digital microscopy movement to facilitate students learning histology will be highlighted concluding with an example of the application of virtual microscopy in teaching histology in an online histology course that originated at the University of South Carolina in the spring of 2011. This upper level course for college juniors, seniors and graduate students offered by the Department of Biological Sciences includes narrated video lectures and the utilization of two virtual lab resources. The narrated lectures that include interactive questions at the end for self‐assessment are available to students via Blackboard, the university's course management system. The lecture slides with the narrative text are provided to the students as PDF documents for study offline. All quizzes and exams are administered online. The virtual lab Internet accessible resources are WebMic that delivers nested static images with two opportunities for self‐assessment, and Virtual Slides that are dynamic and are posed to the students as unknowns during examinations. This course has completed 14 semesters with over 1500 students having completed the course. The majority of students enrolled in the course are planning to apply to medical or dental schools but there are students from most all of the disciplines and colleges on campus enrolling in the course each semester. A total of forty two students spread over four summer semesters, 2012 – 2015, took the course while enrolled in a one year certificate program designed for failed applicants to medical or dental school to improve their chance of being admitted. The online histology course is the first in the curriculum of this special program at the Medical University of South Carolina. The presentation will conclude with thoughts about how taking a histology course in college may impact the student's experience in the modern medical and dental school curricula.

Abstract Disclosure: G. Lach: None. S. Bell: None. J.A. Young: None. E.O. List: None. R. Basu: None. D. Geitgey: None. K.Y. Lee: None. D. Swegan: None. L.J. Caggiano: None. S. Okada: None. J.J. Kopchick: None. D.E. Berryman: None. Fibrosis is a pathological state caused by excess deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, which can disrupt tissue structure and function. Previous work has shown that male bovine growth hormone (bGH) transgenic mice have high levels of circulating growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), marked decrease in lifespan, and increased fibrosis in several tissues including white adipose tissue (WAT), which is more pronounced in the subcutaneous (Sc) depot. The current study expanded on these findings, evaluating: 1) WAT fibrosis in female bGH mice, 2) levels of circulating factors implicated in fibrosis, and 3) the role of TGF-β, a central mediator of fibrogenesis, in the development of bGH WAT fibrosis. Our findings confirmed that female bGH mice exhibit increased WAT fibrosis, most prominent in the Sc depot, like male bGH mice, but also significantly increased in the perigonadal depot, unlike male bGH mice. bGH mice of both sexes have elevated circulating levels of several markers of collagen turnover (plasma P1NP, P3NP and ICTP) and FGF21 relative to controls but no genotype-dependent alteration in fibroblast activation protein (FAP). TGF-β and TGF-β signaling in serum or WAT was either unchanged or reduced in male and female bGH mice at both young and mature ages. The treatment of bGH mice with a TGF-β antagonist, pirfenidone, did not attenuate bGH WAT fibrosis. Contrary to the effects of the chronic exposure to excess GH, acute GH treatments in vivo or in vitro did elicit a modest increase in TGF-β signaling. Finally, single nucleus RNA sequencing confirmed no perturbation in TGF-β or its receptor gene expression in any WAT cell population within subcutaneous bGH WAT; however, a striking increase in B lymphocyte infiltration in Sc bGH WAT was observed. Overall, these data suggest that bGH WAT fibrosis is independent of the action of TGF-β and reveals an intriguing shift in immune cells, particularly B cells, in bGH WAT that should be further explored considering the increasing importance of B cell-mediated WAT fibrosis and aging. Acknowledgements:This work was sponsored, in part, by ASPIRE grant funding from Pfizer. This work was also supported by the State of Ohio’s Eminent Scholar Program to J. J. K. that includes a gift from Milton and Lawrence Goll and by the startup funds from the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine at Ohio University, Athens, OH. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023

04–538 Allford, D. Institute of Education, University of London. d.allford@sta01.joe.ac.uk‘Grasping the nettle’: aspects of grammar in the mother tongue and foreign languages. Language Learning Journal (Rugby, UK), 27 (2003), 24–32.04–539 Álvarez, Inma (The Open U., UK). Consideraciones sobre la contribución de los ordenadores en el aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras. [The contribution of computers to foreign language learning.] Vida Hispánica (Rugby, UK), 28 (2003), 19–23.04–540 Arkoudis, S. (U. of Melbourne, Australia; Email: sophiaa@unimelb.edu.au). Teaching English as a second language in science classes: incommensurate epistemologies?Language and Education (Clevedon, UK), 17, 3 (2003), 161–173.04–541 Bandin, Francis and Ferrer, Margarita (Manchester Metropolitan U., UK). Estereotípicos. [Stereotypes.] Vida Hispánica. Association for Language Learning (Rugby, UK), 28 (2003), 4–12.04–542 Banno, Eri (Okayama University). A cross-cultural survey of students’ expectations of foreign language teachers. Foreign Language Annals, 36, 3 (2003), 339–346.04–543 Barron, Colin (U. of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Email: csbarron@hkusua.hku.hk). Problem-solving and EAP: themes and issues in a collaborative teaching venture. English for Specific Purposes (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), 22, 3 (2003), 297–314.04–544 Bartley, Belinda (Lord Williams's School, Thame). Developing learning strategies in writing French at key stage 4. Francophonie (London, UK), 28 (2003), 10–17.04–545 Bax, S. (Canterbury Christ Church University College). The end of CLT: a context approach to language teaching. ELT Journal (Oxford, UK), 57, 3 (2003), 278–287.04–546 Caballero, Rodriguez (Universidad Jaume I, Campus de Borriol, Spain; Email: mcaballe@guest.uji.es). How to talk shop through metaphor: bringing metaphor research to the ESP classroom. English for Specific Purposes (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), 22, 2 (2003), 177–194.04–547 Field, J. (University of Leeds). Promoting perception: lexical segmentation in L2 listening. ELT Journal (Oxford, UK), 57, 4 (2003), 325–334.04–548 Finkbeiner, Matthew and Nicol, Janet (U. of Arizona, AZ, USA; Email: msf@u.Arizona.edu). Semantic category effects in second language word learning. Applied Psycholinguistics (Cambridge, UK), 24, 3 (2003), 369–384.04–549 Frazier, S. (University of California). A corpus analysis of would-clauses without adjacent if-clauses. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, VA, USA), 37, 3 (2003), 443–466.04–550 Harwood, Nigel (Canterbury Christ Church University College, UK). Taking a lexical approach to teaching: principles and problems. International Journal of Applied Linguistics (Oxford, UK), 12, 2 (2002), 139–155.04–551 Hird, Bernard (Edith Cowan U., Australia; Email: b.hird@ecu.edu.au). What are language teachers trying to do in their lessons?Babel, (Adelaide, Australia) 37, 3 (2003), 24–29.04–552 Ho, Y-K. (Ming Hsin University of Science and Technology, Taiwan). Audiotaped dialogue journals: an alternative form of speaking practice. ELT Journal (Oxford, UK), 57, 3 (2003), 269–277.04–553 Huang, Jingzi (Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ, USA). Chinese as a foreign language in Canada: a content-based programme for elementary school. Language, Culture and Curriculum (), 16, 1 (2003), 70–89.04–554 Kennedy, G. (Victoria University of Wellington). Amplifier collocations in the British National Corpus: implications for English language teaching. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, VA, USA), 37, 3 (2003), 467–487.04–555 Kissau, Scott P. (U. of Windsor, UK & Greater Essex County District School Board; Email: scotkiss@att.canada.ca). The relationship between school environment and effectiveness in French immersion. The Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics (Ottawa, Canada), 6, 1 (2003), 87–104.04–556 Laurent, Maurice (Messery). De la grammaire implicite à la grammaire explicite. [From Implicit Grammar to Explicit Grammar.] Tema, 2 (2003), 40–47.04–557 Lear, Darcy (The Ohio State University, USA). Using technology to cross cultural and linguistic borders in Spanish language classrooms. Hispania (Ann Arbor, USA), 86, 3 (2003), 541–551.04–558 Leeser, Michael J. (University of Illianos at Urbana-Champaign, USA; Email: leeser@uiuc.edu). Learner proficiency and focus on form during collaborative dialogue. Language Teaching Research, 8, 1 (2004), 55.04–559 Levis, John M. (Iowa State University, USA) and Grant, Linda. Integrating pronunciation into ESL/EFL classrooms. TESOL Journal, 12 (2003), 13–19.04–560 Mitchell, R. (Centre for Language in Education, University of Southampton; Email: rfm3@soton.ac.uk) Rethinking the concept of progression in the National Curriculum for Modern Foreign Languages: a research perspective. Language Learning Journal (Rugby, UK), 27 (2003), 15–23.04–561 Moffitt, Gisela (Central Michigan U., USA). Beyond Struwwelpeter: using German picture books for cultural exploration. Die Unterrichtspraxis (Cherry Hill, NJ, USA), 36, 1 (2003), 15–27.04–562 Morley, J. and Truscott, S. (University of Manchester; Email: mfwssjcm@man.ac.uk). The integration of research-oriented learning into a Tandem learning programme. Language Learning Journal (Rugby, UK), 27 (2003), 52–58.04–563 Oliver, Rhonda (Edith Cowan U., Australia; Email: rhonda.oliver@cowan.edu.au) and Mackey, Alison. Interactional context and feedback in child ESL classrooms. The Modern Language Journal (Madison, WI, USA), 87, 4 (2003), 519–533.04–564 Pachler, N. (Institute of Education, University of London; Email: n.pachler@ioe.ac.uk). Foreign language teaching as an evidence-based profession?Language Learning Journal (Rugby, UK), 27 (2003), 4–14.04–565 Portmann-Tselikas, Paul R. (Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, Austria). Grammatikunterricht als Schule der Aufmerksamkeit. Zur Rolle grammatischen Wissens im gesteuerten Spracherwerb. [Grammar teaching as a training of noticing. The role of grammatical knowledge in formal language learning.] Babylonia (Switzerland, www.babylonia), 2 (2003), 9–18.04–566 Purvis, K. (Email: purvis@senet.com.au) and Ranaldo, T. Providing continuity in learning from Primary to Secondary. Babel, 38, 1 (2003), (Adelaide, Australia), 13–18.04–567 Román-Odio, Clara and Hartlaub, Bradley A. (Kenyon College, Ohio, USA). Classroom assessment of Computer-Assisted Language Learning: developing a strategy for college faculty. Hispania (Ann Arbor, USA), 86, 3 (2003), 592–607.04–568 Schleppegrell, Mary J. (University of California, Davis, USA) and Achugar, Mariana. Learning language and learning history: a functional linguistics approach. TESOL Journal, 12, 2 (2003), 21–27.04–569 Schoenbrodt, Lisa, Kerins, Marie and Geseli, Jacqueline (Loyola College in Maryland, Baltimore, USA; Email: lschoenbrodt@loyola.edu) Using narrative language intervention as a tool to increase communicative competence in Spanish-speaking children. Language, Culture and Curriculum (Clevedon, UK), 16, 1 (2003), 48–59.04–570 Shen, Hwei-Jiun (National Taichung Institute of Technology). The role of explicit instruction in ESL/EFL reading. Foreign Language Annals (New York, USA), 36, 3 (2003), 424–433.04–571 Sifakis, N. C. (Hellenic Open U., Greece; Email: nicossif@hol.gr). Applying the adult education framework to ESP curriculum development: an integrative model. English for Specific Purposes (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), 22, 2 (2003), 195–211.04–572 Simpson, R. and Mendis, D. (University of Michigan). A corpus-based study of idioms in academic speech. TESOL Quarterly (Alexandria, VA, USA), 37, 3 (2003), 419–441.

<em>Abstract</em> .—From 1984 to 1989, artificial reefs were constructed at two locations in central Lake Erie by Ohio State University’s Sea Grant College Program. The goals of the construction projects were to improve sportfishing opportunity in nearshore waters, evaluate the effectiveness of reefs as fish-concentration devices, and eventually assist other coastal communities in developing artificial reef programs. From 1992 to 1995, we conducted evaluations to assess the effectiveness of these artificial reefs as sport fish attractors and to establish their value in sport fishery enhancement projects. Underwater VHS video was used by scuba divers to identify and enumerate fish at both artificial reef sites and at adjacent nonreef control sites. Observation dives were done monthly, weather permitting, from May through October each year. <EM>T</EM> -tests were used to determine seasonal differences in fish abundance between the reef and control sites. At both sites, total seasonal numbers of fish were significantly higher (20–50 times more) at the reef site than the control site (p = 0.05). Smallmouth bass <em>Micropterus dolomieu </em> were the dominant species at both reef sites, comprising over 80% of the observations during most months. Total seasonal numbers of smallmouth bass were also higher during spring and fall than in midsummer, suggesting seasonal patterns and preferences for artificial structure. We conclude that, when properly planned and located, artificial reefs would provide beneficial fish habitat along most of Lake Erie’s nearshore zone and may have application Great Lakes-wide.

<em>Abstract</em> .—From 1984 to 1989, artificial reefs were constructed at two locations in central Lake Erie by Ohio State University’s Sea Grant College Program. The goals of the construction projects were to improve sportfishing opportunity in nearshore waters, evaluate the effectiveness of reefs as fish-concentration devices, and eventually assist other coastal communities in developing artificial reef programs. From 1992 to 1995, we conducted evaluations to assess the effectiveness of these artificial reefs as sport fish attractors and to establish their value in sport fishery enhancement projects. Underwater VHS video was used by scuba divers to identify and enumerate fish at both artificial reef sites and at adjacent nonreef control sites. Observation dives were done monthly, weather permitting, from May through October each year. <EM>T</EM> -tests were used to determine seasonal differences in fish abundance between the reef and control sites. At both sites, total seasonal numbers of fish were significantly higher (20–50 times more) at the reef site than the control site (p = 0.05). Smallmouth bass <em>Micropterus dolomieu </em> were the dominant species at both reef sites, comprising over 80% of the observations during most months. Total seasonal numbers of smallmouth bass were also higher during spring and fall than in midsummer, suggesting seasonal patterns and preferences for artificial structure. We conclude that, when properly planned and located, artificial reefs would provide beneficial fish habitat along most of Lake Erie’s nearshore zone and may have application Great Lakes-wide.