Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Centre-Val de Loire (France)'
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Castanet, Cyril. "La Loire en val d'Orléans : dynamiques fluviales et socio-environnementales durant les derniers 30 000 ans : de l'hydrosystème à l'anthroposystème." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010690.
Full textLe, Voguer Nathanaël. "La fabrique des paysages agraires en région Centre-Val de Loire dans la longue durée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Tours, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TOUR2006.
Full textThe Centre-Val de Loire region of France is characterised by a variety of landscapes and ground occupation methods (cereal fields of Beauce and Champagne Berrichonne, wetlands of Sologne and Brenne, wine valleys...) The goal of this PhD thesis is to understand the making of these landscapes and to identify points of likeliness and differences both spatially and historically between the different historical _pays_ that are part of the region. Since the beginning of the 2000's, the development of LiDAR acquisitions (Light Detection and Ranging) opened the way to new methods of spatial analysis concerning landscapes and the societies that made them.The thesis corpus is composed essentially of agrarian microreliefs, seen thanks to a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) created by the IGN (National Institute for Geographical Information and Forestry) and available through the « Référentiel à Grande Echelle Alti ». The identification of these microreliefs was done at regional scale to understand the types of landscapes that they represent. This first scale of analysis highlighted the conservation of many archaeological remains in the whole region, under the forests as well as in open and cultivated landscapes: headlands, terraces, embankments and slope breaks.Secondly, almost 100 000 structures were vectorised inside the area with the highest density of structures, to make a more refined study of this space that covers the Beauce and the western Gâtinais and which extends on almost 600 square kilometres between the rivers of the Loire, the Loing, the Loir and the Eure, and the regional limits in the north. A diachronical approach was chosen to analyse the structures in the long term, as they can be formed as soon as ploughing tools are used, which is since Protohistory, and can still be used as field-limits today. The study was focused on two main variables that are used to characterise these structures, their morphology and their direction. For the morphology, the use of multivariate statistical tools, a Principal Component Analysis and a Hierarchical Ascending Classification allowed to identify several classes present in the whole area, and especially one class corresponding mostly of ancient roads (from Roman, Medieval, Modern and Contemporary eras). For the direction, circular statistical tools were used to measure the homogeneity of areas and to identify diverging axes, by comparison to the general direction. Finally, these results were put into context by comparing them to historical and archaeological data, especially from rescue archaeology, mostly settlements or field-bounding ditches.Thanks to this analysis, several formation networks covering dozens of square kilometres were identified inside Beauce and western Gâtinais which, for some of them, could have an Iron Age origin. These networks, thanks to field boundaries and roads, maintained themselves into the landscape for more than 2000 years, until the transformations of the middle of the 20th century. Theses new results are used to enrich the history of the _openfield_. From the point of view of the field networks and of the cultivation work, Middle Ages and the _openfield_ regime appear as a transformation of the landscape but in continuity with previous landscapes and networks. Therefore, without dismissing the existence of local modifications visible at a bigger scale, it is the resiliency that can be put forward as the central element of landscapes with a transmission of field structures in the long term
Provost, Michel. "Le val de loire et les pays de loire a l'epoque romaine. Essai de synthese." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040258.
Full textThe study of the val de loire from five archeological repertories (loire-atlantique, maine-et-loire, indre-et-loire, loir-et-cher, loiret) shows, for roman period, a contact zone between three cultural types (atlantic, continental, mediterranean). This observation is the result of one hundred and fifty maps and four hundred and seven histograms realized from all archeological materials, studied again. The three parts of the val are verified through all synthesis from neolithic age to early middle age : stages of population settlement, commercial exchanges, roman conquest, the beginning of urban development, small towns economical vitality, habitat both traditional and renewed by roman civilization, funeral pratices and religion. Namnetes and western andes, sometimes with turones, are connected to an original civilization where romani be preceded by celtization. However, the latter has influenced senones and probably carnutes too. Finally, mediterranean civilizations are more important for pictones and biturici. The affluents of the loire, more than the loire itself, are economically essential. This study shows a great regional diversity
Pagès, Loïc. "Les taillis de robinier du Val de Loire : croissance, biomasse, régénération." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112167.
Full textLatapie, Audrey. "Modélisation de l'évolution morphologique d'un lit alluvial : exemple de la Loire moyenne." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4017/document.
Full textThis work deals with the development of methods that sought to assess channel changes of a long anthropogenised river over several decades. These methods are applied on the Middle Loire River (France). Channel changes are evaluated by dividing the study reach into geomorphically distinct river reaches. A narrowing of the active channel width and a decrease of the river bed slope were observed between 1955 and 1996. Since in stream gravel mining stopped (1996), river adjustments have continued at a slower rate. Simplified geometry and simplified hydrographs are then derived and introduced into a one dimensional sediment transport model (RubarBE). The simplified geometry allows pertinent calculation of the river bed evolution whilst reducing calculation time. The use of simplified hydrographs highlights the sensitivity of sediment transport modelling to hydrology. Finally, the application of the simplifications to the whole Loire Moyenne River confirms the general trend observed between 1996 and 2006
Jacquet, Gaëlle. "La Forêt en Val de Loire aux périodes préindustrielles : histoire, morphologie, archéologie, dendrologie." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR2007.
Full textAllorant, Pierre. "Le corps préfectoral et les municipalités dans les départements de la Loire moyenne au XIXe siècle." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0002.
Full textLe, Cabec Audrey. "Exploration phytochimique de plantes cultivées en Région Centre-Val de Loire : développement d'approches métabolomiques et intégration d'outils d'annotation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1073.
Full textPlants have been a source of inspiration for humans, who have learned to benefit from them in the search for active molecules. Plant extracts are complex mixtures that can exhibit different activities: antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, etc. However, identifying the molecules involved in these activities can be time-consuming and laborious. The objective of this thesis is to develop methodologies based on mass spectrometry and data processing, while considering various problematics, to explore the phytochemistry of extracts of biological interest from plant cultivated locally.First, the study of the aerial parts of Eclipta alba, highlighted, through fractionation steps, active molecules on three enzymes involved in skin aging. Then, the study of the aerial and root parts of Coleus forskohlii, cultivated in aeroponics according various cultivation conditions, underscored the benefits of adding LEDs for the production of forskolin and the use of statistical tools revealed the expression of molecules impacted by this lighting. The use of molecular network has also highlighted the chemical specificity of each part of the plant and showed the interest of the aerial parts, often under valorized. Finally, the establishment of multi-informative molecular network, combining various tools of annotation, allowed the study of 10 Clematis species, an ornamental species highly cultivated in the Centre-Val de Loire region, with a better confidence level. The anti-inflammatory activity determined for certain extracts was then correlated with the molecular networks to link the activity and phytochemical composition, thereby guiding the identification of actives molecules
Thierry, Dominique. "La diversité du peuplement de Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera:Chrysopidae) dans la moyenne vallée de la Loire : approches morphologique, génétique et électrophorétique." Pau, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PAUU3019.
Full textTrevisan, Dominique. "Comportement hydrique et susceptibilité à l'érosion de sols limoneux cultivés : Etude expérimentale au champ sous pluies simulées." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0409.
Full textFlammin, Anne. "La sculpture du VIe au Xe siècle entre Loire et Gironde." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT5015.
Full textBréard, Guy. "La Loire chinonaise un hydroécosystème utilisé par l'industrie nucléaire, bilan et devenir /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376034277.
Full textGodot, Anne-Sophie. "Urbanisme et architecture de la reconstruction du Loiret (1940-1954)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040184.
Full textIn 1940, men of art make up the Planning and Architecture in the Department. The prefect organizes architectural competitions which many architects participated. Other competitions are run by the MRU, and the architects of the department will participate successfully. In parallel, the warden forces the affected cities to prepare a development plan. Even before the law which will force other municipalities to have a plan, Jean Royer those composed of Sully, Chateauneuf, Gien and Orleans. In parallel, the active participation of victims in the creation of projects demonstrates the importance of issues within the department. Numerous debates are discussed by the local press with enthusiasm.The study of Reconstruction capture both the history of architecture and urbanism of the period in a manner unprecedented since the department is privileged to witness the implementation by the Government in politics of active reconstruction
Boutet, Annabelle. "L'Aménagement régional des agglomérations par les conseils régionaux : étude des contrats d'agglomération en régions Centre et Bourgogne." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR1801.
Full textThrough the analysis of the " contrats d'agglomération " in Centre and Bourgogne, this doctoral research aim at identifying the planning produced and the rules followed by the " conseils régionaux " for the planning of " agglomérations ". Here, "agglomerations" are considered with "pays" as one of regional spaces components, in the spirit of planning underlied by "Voynet" (25/06/1999), "Chevènement" (12/07/1999), "Solidarité et Renouvellement Urbains" (13/12/2000) and "Urbanisme-Habitat" (02/07/2003) laws. The exam of 11 "contrats d'agglomérations" process, based on the analysis of 47 interviews and 197 documents, shows some planning produced regularity and a higher variety of rules followed from the "conseils régionaux". Those teachings bring us to wonder again about the pertinence of regional spaces for planning, about the ability to plan of "conseils régionaux" and about contractual planning policies
Boukezzoula, Mostepha. "Mines et métallurgie ancienne dans le Centre-Est : la sidérurgie dans l'arrondissement de Mâcon et en Saône-et-Loire (71) : Avant le haut fourneau." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1010.
Full textWintenberger, Coraline. "Dynamique fluviale et végétation pionnière à la Salicaceae en rivière sablo-graveleuse : études in et ex situ de la survie des semis durant les premiers stades de la succession biogéomorphologique en Loire Moyenne." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR4020/document.
Full textThe present study is focused on the three first stages: geomorphic, pioneer and biogeomorphic of the Fluvial Biogeomorphological Succession applied to a sandy-gravel bed lowland river: the Loire River (in its middle reaches). This work is based on both an in and ex situ approach. It analyses the recruitment and survival during their first stages of growth of two Salicaceae trees: Populus nigra L. and Salix alba L. developed on a non-migrating (forced) bar. The dynamics of this bar influences the survival potential of seedlings during floods. The seedlings adapt morphologically according to the sedimentary structure, and as a consequence, modify their survival potential. Three conceptual models detail: (i) the dynamics of a mid-channel forced bar during floods, (ii) the longitudinal evolution of the mortality of seedlings induced by the downstream fining of sediments, (iii) the sediment archiving and time needed to reach a pioneer island state from a non-migrating vegetated bar
Gaussein, Pascaline. "Pour une anthropologie de l’art mobilier : identités et réseaux magdaléniens entre Loire et Dordogne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100112.
Full textPalaeolithic archaeology struggles to reach human societies complexity. The main issue relates to social, cultural, and overall human realities underlying the excavated remains. The methodology herein developed aims at clarifying the characterization of prehistoric “cultures” and “territories” by approaching them through social units and their dynamics. Moreover, the present study endeavours to revise style analysis and the part played by ornamented goods within prehistoric hunter-gatherers’ social interactions. The keystone to this issue relies on the anthropological fact that material culture is “an active constitutive dimension of social practice in that it both structures human agency and is a product of that agency” (Jones, 1997). Consequently, its styles depend on interaction modalities and evolution, in relation to their natural and social environment (mainly resources and human demography). Therefore, this research invokes social anthropology’s recurrences which provide a fundamental framework to interpret distribution and changes of styles depending on the context and social dynamics influences. The present methodology is experimented on a synchronic and diachronic approach of Magdalenian portable art from western central France (ca. 18 000 to 12 000 years BP). This study is completed by a transdisciplinary discussion of the herein devised interpretative hypotheses
Banovac, Ksenija. "La théorie des villes en réseaux : un nouveau paradigme pour l'aménagement de l'espace ? : Les réseaux des villes petites et moyennes de la région Centre-Val de Loire en France." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1803/document.
Full textWith the purpose to promote a new approach to the analysis of regional urban systems which takes into account the technological progress and the contemporary evolutions in the ways of organizing, living and working, we felt compelled to seek the evidence of the “City-network” theory as an alternative modus operandi evoked by some prominent geographers, sociologists and economists such as Manuel Castells, Roberto Camagni, Georg Simmel, Jan van Dijk and others. The advantages of the “City-network” theory as compared to the traditional theories are in understanding that there are new socio-spatial contexts and that the contemporary knowledge travels along “pipelines” between cities, towns, cultures which are neither spatial nor strictly hierarchical. The network is seen as a structure where the nodes are cities and towns connected by the link of different nature, through which socio-economic flows are exchanged
Rivier, Jean. "Patrimoine paysager et aménagement de l'espace dans la vallée de la Loire des limites du département du Cher à l'Orléanais." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100053.
Full textThe fast growing sixties are responsible for a lot of pressure on the traditional landscape of the "Val de Loire" and many of its ensuing changes have altered the intrinsic nature of open spaces. If we aim at protecting our landscapes while re-arranging them one has to know all about their intimate nature. In order to do an unbiased analysis of the impact of this new arrangement it is necessary to draw a picture of the landscape legacy left by past generations before going into more recent changes. In my thesis, scenery is often referred to as being the reflection of our civilization. Let's see how this comes up in our ever more sophisticated society. In the rural world people are throwing off the yoke of constraint and we bear witness to a new distribution of properties. Streams and rivers are canalized and harnessed to prevent them from flooding the meadows nearby. Hedgerows are fast disappearing so that the eye takes in vast open spaces. In villages the housing uniformity has been steadily on the wane to be replaced by a more functional landscape tatting into account each individual's specific needs. This civilization, whose technical means have made it possible an emancipation from constraint imposed by mother nature, has reduced the gap between the different way of life, has equipped itself with important collective constructions and finally has played a paramount part on open spaces. The philosophy behind it all has changed and the functional seems to have the best although there exist some scattered interesting attempts at estimating the impact of new accomplishments and above all at enriching and maintaining some of our historical heritage
Bonnefoy, Cyril. "Observation et modélisation spatiale de la température dans les terroirs viticoles du Val de Loire dans le contexte du changement climatique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815596.
Full textJagueneau, Liliane. "Structuration de l'espace linguistique entre Loire et Gironde : analyse dialectométrique des données phonétiques de l'"Atlas linguistique et ethnographique de l'Ouest"." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20082.
Full textThis study deals with the geolinguistic structuration of phonetic features between loire and gironde, in the "centre-ouest" (vendee, deux-sevres, vienne, charente-maritime, charente, and some surrounding points) - a boundary area between northern and southern languages of france ("oil" and "oc"). It first presents the phonetic description of this area, derived from the maps of the atlas linguistique et ethnographique de l'ouest (b. Horiot-g. Massignon). And then, the space distribution of these phonetic features is analysed: actually they are neither spread about nor ordered according to strict dialect limits. After the automatic analysis of these data, a new structuration of linguistic space is put forward: on the one hand, the space structuration which results from the cluster analysis of the languages (eighty-two points) is quite similar to the geological one, and partly corresponds to historical, cultural or economic areas; but it always differs from administrative divisions. On the other hand, the cluster analysis of phonetic features reveals a new geolinguistic scheme: these phonetic features are distributed in a "nucleus", and then diffuse into an "area of influence". (theory of geolinguistic nuclei) finally, through the multivariate analysis, attention is drawn to the relations between the points themselves, and to the relations between the points and the phonetic modalities
Pin, Benoît. "De la conception d'un fleuve patrimonial à sa mise en tourisme : du Val de Loire au fleuve Niger." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR1805/document.
Full textThe thesis analyzes patterns of tourism development of a river "heritage value", the Loire, and Its Potential application on the Niger River in Mali. In a first time, focusing on the Loire river (France) and on the Niger river (Mali), this research regards the construction of the river as a “heritage object", serving to support a project to enhance tourism. The thesis then analyzes policies organization like tools for tourism development and highlights differences existing between heritage mobilized in the patrimonialization process and heritage truly valued in tourism. In a second step, the thesis discusses the construction of institutional and spatial framework accompanying the tourism development of these rivers. Different levels of functional logics are mobilized and compared with territories of action related to tourism development. Ultimately the thesis highlights the difficulties to build a territorial engineering based on functional spaces hardly perceptible for local administration, and discusses the role of policies conductors
Huyghues, Despointes Franck. "Des barrages au patrimoine mondial : la Loire comme objet d'action publique." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR1805.
Full textThis study is an analysis of what was at first meant to be a political wish to spatially and economically regenerate a particular area but which later became a transversal public policy whereby the environment, and then the notion of heritage, became key factors. The river Loire, here, is being approached from both a spatial perspective, as well as a temporal perspective. It has been necessary to reconstruct the decision making process in terms of time in order to understand where we started from and where we got to today. Public policy, centred on the river Loire, is a mixture of diverse purposes: regeneration of a hydrosystem, ecology, urban regeneration, landscape, the notion of heritage, the notion of world heritage. The river Loire has been a platform upon which many projects have developed, but rarely leading to concrete results. The few results achieved are truly complex. The river Loire has been a place around which many debates, conflicts of ideology, and action have happened. The goal of this thesis is to understand the “Loire river related public policy” as well as its evolution. This has been done from perspective of the changes that happened as some “territorial agents” became involved: on one hand the involvement of some public agents, on the other the involvement of some ecology-driven ones. The latter took part in the gradual reshaping o objectives of the public policy of the area under scrutiny. We also had in mind to question the hypothesis according to which a territorial governance was to be put in place. This territorial governance was to symbolise the renewal of the public policy. We had in mind to see if, as is often evoked, the sort of actions and relations between different agents involved in the Loire project have had an impact on public politics of other geographical sites and spaces
Berthelot, Michaël. "Climat régional, climat local et pollution de l'air par l'ozone dans les agglomérations de Tours et d'Orléans." Tours, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUR1803.
Full textSaleh, Imad. "La trajectoire d'intégration des retraités maghrébins en région Centre : indre et Loire : rupture, changement, intégration." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2012/document.
Full textThis terrain survey realized near 50 reprocessed Maghrebians in the area centers (Indre and the Loire), goes in the opposition to all the generally accepted ideas, and the many studies made until our days. It shows that the Maghrebian immigrants of the first generation, alive in France, have, during a half century, evolved/moved and changed. Their integration exceeds, by far, all that was already known as on the latter. They, under difficult conditions, adapted. Gradually, they adopted another way of life, of new ideas, another glance on themselves and the company of origin, as on the French company. They also have, to some extent, adoptee of the French and universal values which they transmitted to their children and little children. They are not any more what they were before. They have a different identity. The price of these changes, is the successive ruptures with the old values and ideas, and the adoption of new ideas and values
Claude, Nicolas. "Processus et flux hydro-sédimentaires en rivière sablo-graveleuse : influence de la largeur de section et des bifurcations en Loire moyenne (France)." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4039/document.
Full textA widening/narrowing area (ZER) of the main channel of the middle reaches of the Loire River (France), including an asymmetrical bifurcation, are studied from hydraulic measurements, multibeam bathymetries and sediment sampling. The evolution of the ZER’s morphology is influenced by the morphodynamics of bars. The forcing effects induced by channel width variations and by bars configuration determine the structure of water and sediment fluxes which affect, in turn, the bars evolution. During floods, the links between hydrodynamics, bedload transport and dunes dynamics adjust to discharges variations and cause bed erosion before the flood’s peak and bed aggradation after. Due to the high sediment mobility, the low flow periods highly affect the morphological evolution of the ZER. In 2010, the total bedload transport reached 480 000 t. The bifurcation influences the flow structure only after the total submersion of the inlet step of the secondary channel. The exportation of the bed-material load toward the secondary channel becomes probably significant after the erosion of the inlet step as well as by the presence of a bar in front of this step
Beaumon, Jérôme. "Entre Loire et Manche : les prieurés des abbayes angevines et tourangelles en Haute-Bretagne (XIe-XIIIe siècles)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20005.
Full textThe eleventh century Benedictine abbeys of the Val de Loire develop important networks priories that allow them to radiate throughout the French West. In this context, Brittany is for Anjou and Touraine abbeys the main settlement area outside their territory of origin. Between 980 and 1150, they founded about sixty priories. Family, political and religious relationships long linked counties of Nantes, Rennes and Vannes to the neighbouring principalities of the Loire Valley, partly explain the success of this implementation. Supported by the bishops and by the chatelaine aristocracy, monks in the eleventh century become the main beneficiaries of churches donations, they play a major role in the assertion of baronial power, and contribute to impose the Gregorian project in feudal society by their presence and their lifestyle perceived as a religious model of perfection. In the twelfth century, competition from new religious communities, conflict with the aristocracy and the affirmation of the episcopal power leads to a redefinition of relations between the priories and their entourage, without generating a crisis of Benedictine monasticism
Pancaldi, Pascale. "Caractéristiques socio-morphologiques d'un groupe de formateurs en région Centre et identification des pratiques professionnelles." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070034.
Full textThe questions related to professionalisation of persons who work in professionnal training are at the origin of this investigation. This study consist in an interrogation on this subject, but we prefered a qualitative approach, working on a group of sixty professionnels in activity within nine formation institutions located on the indre et loire country (france). In the first part, we definied the different kind of politic's of professionnal training impulsed by the state and by firms from the seventies. Two main directions can be observed : the formation meant for unemployed financed by state and others kept for salaried employee, financed by firms. In the second part, the characteristics of formators show a socialy diversified group but with the majority stemming from low social classes and coming in the activity after different professionnal paths (former teachers, social workers, firm executives, prodictuve sector workers). Mean while, communs characteristics could be observed : difficult school study, relation to legitimate knowledge ambigous, frequent use of all kind of going over studies again. The logics that lead to this activity are numerous : first professionnal insertion, professionnal reinsertion, professionnal promotion and settlement as independant formator. The third part, allow us to throw alight on their professionnal customs, whose diversities can be understood in relation to the following facts : initial formation, social and professionnal trajectory, position occuped in this activity. Employment condition and salariale relation have been examined too. To conclude, the professionnal training employees are far from forming a homogeneous group and conception around the fonction of actor in
Raheliarisoa, Marie-Antoinette. "Influence des techniques culturales sur le comportement hydrodynamique et la susceptibilité a l'érosion de sols limoneux et sableux : expérimentations au champ sous pluies simulées en région Centre." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE0412.
Full textGigot, Mathieu. "Les dimensions territoriales des politiques du patrimoine urbain : instruments, enjeux et jeux d'acteurs dans trois villes du Val de Loire (Angers, Tours et Orléans)." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830734.
Full textForget, Cyprien. "L'occupation du territoire de la Loire moyenne à l'Age du Fer (VIIIe - Ier s. av. J-C) : l'exemple du département du Loiret." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2019.
Full textThe area of the Middle Loire is at the crossroads of several ancient cités, Carnutes, Bituriges, Senons and Eduens. It corresponds to the current department of Loir-et-Cher and Loiret. Through this study, it is question of better including the role of the Loire in the Iron Age. The river has always been considered as an important channel of inter-Gaulish communication, but also as a link between the Mediterranean world, as indicated by the geographer Strabon (STRABON, Geography: VI, 1, 14) and the Atlantic. Control of this waterway is always of economic and political importance.The end of the period is the best known, thanks to the text of Julius Caesar who describes the importance of Orléans-Cenabum, and of Roman traders who lived there. It is interesting to understand who really controlled the Loire and what influence the river had on the occupation of the territory, the location and the importance of the agglomerations, but also the rural settlements. Is the latter open to external influences, conveyed by the river or, on the contrary, hermetic to imports of goods and ideas? It is for the end of the period, that the data are the most numerous, it is nevertheless interesting to look at this phenomenon over time, that of the Iron Age, as shown by nearby sites such as Bourges-Avaricum, for which one of the most flourishing periods is precisely in the 6th and 5th centuries B.C..It is not a question of making a study on a Gallic civitas in particular, but of working on an area in contact with several of these Gallic political territories. This work is part of a series of regional PhD thesis, defended or in progress, having focused on archeological furniture, such as ceramics or coinage
Nocquet, Marie-Stéphanie. "Du projet ferroviaire à la politique de transport dans les espaces périurbains français : le cas des agglomérations de Nantes, Orléans et Tours." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1501.
Full textMangin, Jean-Jacques. "Les baillis de Mâcon, sénéchaux de Lyon : fin XIIe-début XVIe siècle : administration, pouvoir et vie politique dans le centre-est du royaume de France à la fin du Moyen-Age." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO31002.
Full textFrom the end of the twelth century to the beginning of the fourteenth, french royalty reimposed its authority in the eastern central regions by relying on the rebirth and the development of the concept of sovereighnty. This effort was crowned with success by the setting up of a great royal circonscription between 1239 and 1320 : the bailliage of maconsenechaussee of lyon. This circumscription presented the particular advantage of being situated at the limits of four different worlds : the kingdom and the empire, the north and the south of france. From that time on, the royal power entrusted the responsibility for this entity t a high ranking officer who regularly held the title of bailli-senechal from the second half of the fourteenth century onward. This figure, who represented the king in the regions was considered there as a true substitute for the king. The importance of this function, the strategic position of the circumscription, the v astness of the powers entrusted to the officer, turned the nomination to this post into a major political stake. The bai lli-senechal waq thus a king's officer but also a politician from the court of a prince. Political struggles in the circumscription reached their climax at the outbreak of the civil war chich divided france between 1409 and 1435. Strategic position of the circumscription, the vastness of the powers entrusted to the officer , turned the nomination to this post into a major political stake. The bailli- senechal was thus a king's officier but also a politician from the court of aprince. Political struggles in the circumscription reached their climax at the outbreak of the civil war which divided france between 1409 and 1435
Voisin, Lolita. "La mobilisation du paysage par les acteurs publics locaux, un enjeu stratégique de territorialisation ? : réflexions en Loire Moyenne : Blois, Nevers, Saumur." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01054473.
Full textJoigneaux, Emmanuelle. "Etat qualitatif des eaux de la nappe du val d'Orléans : impact du changement climatique et gestion durable de la ressource." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659583.
Full textAlboresha, Rafid. "Evaluation of the impact of a cavity upon an earth dike (analytical and numerical approaches) : Application to the Val d'Orléans area (France)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0025/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the interaction mechanisms between a cavity resulting from a karst collapse and a fluvial dike. The question that arises here is to evaluate the potential role of cavities beneath the dikes and their impact on the dike stability in normal and extreme flood conditions. Therefore, the first main point of the present work is to create a method to assess the influence of a dike on the stability of a cavity beneath it. Thereafter the second main point is to evaluate the stability of the dike slope when a cavity appears underneath without taking into account the collapse of the cavity. To achieve the objectives of the thesis, the dike effect on the cavity stability was investigated by studying the influence of the cavity location relatively to the dike and the interaction mechanisms, in the way to prioritize the geometric and geotechnical parameters for a better evaluation of the risk of dike failure. Numerical and analytical approaches were used. An application is described based on the in situ observations and data for the Val d’Orléans area (France). This area is protected against the Loire’s floods by 52 km of earth dikes (levees), in this area, more than 600 karstic sinkholes from 0.5 to 20 m diameter have been identified. The first results of the analytical method show that the cavity instability can significantly increase when the cavity is located under the centre of the dike, and this can affect the stability of the dike when the cavity is sufficiently close to it. We also show that there is a significant effect of the cavity on the dike slope stability, especially in the saturation state (i.e. during extreme floods): cavity collapse can then contribute to dike collapse. A nonlinear numerical modeling (2D and 3D) was used to validate the analytical approach, and to highlight the influence of the different geometrical and geotechnical parameters of the dike and the cavity. The results of the numerical modeling confirmed those of the analytical method. As operational conclusion, the results of the analytical model can be used to help assessing hazard due to the dike collapse taking into account the likelihood of an existing cavity, its position and diameter, and the thickness of the alluvium layer, regarding the data from the Val d’Orléans area
Delorme, Martial. "L'organisation et le fonctionnement du centre 15 de St-Etienne : étude statistique des demandes de renfort SAMU formulées par les médecins libéraux en 1992." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6214.
Full textGhorbel, Nabil. "Etude sismique et magneto-tellurique du socle et de la couverture sedimentaire dans la partie sud de l'anomalie magnetique du bassin de paris , le val de loire et le nivernais." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066395.
Full textBourocher, Solveig. "Le "Logis Royal" du château de Loches depuis le XIVè siècle : l'essor d'une résidence ducale puis royale dans le Val de Loire." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR2011.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to renew our knowledge of the "Logis Royal" of the castle of Loches and propose a restitution of its sites, its distributions and its decorations from the last third of the fourteen century, which saw the building of a first main lodging by Duke Louis Ier d’Anjou, to the beginning of the sixteenth century during which completed the construction of a second building housing the royal lodgings of Charles VIII, Louis XII and Anne de Bretagne. Still standing, the two main lodgings have benefited from a thorough archaeological study of buildings, combined with the analysis of textual and iconographic sources conserved, that allows to highlight the contribution the "Logis Royal" of Loches could bring to the architecture of the residential palaces of the fourteenth century and the royal castles of the first french Renaissance in the Loire Valley
Poligot, Stéphanie. "Modélisation des échanges entre nappe et rivière : application au Val d'Avaray : influence sur la stabilité et l'érosion des berges." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1389.
Full textBédécarrats, Samuel. "Prise en charge des malades et pratiques chirurgicales médiévales dans le centre de la France : approche historique et paléopathologique." Thesis, Tours, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOUR2006.
Full textHistory of health care benefits from the complementarity of written sources, archaeological remains and osteological investigations and allows us to place the care in a scientific, cultural and political context. In order to characterise care in Touraine in the Middle Ages, seven funerary complexes were examined. They are divided into two groups: four parish cemeteries (Chinon, Joué-lès-Tours, Rigny, St-Pierre-le-Puellier) that received general populations and the funerary areas of St-Cosme, St-Lazare and Marmoutier associated with institutions which could provide care for the sick. The analysis of these collections focused on two questions: the health characterization of individuals and the place of surgical interventions in therapies. The results highlight the effect of health status on funerary recruitment. These approaches, based on disease, surgery and state of health, make it possible to identify specialisations in the care of patients depending on the various sites
Troubady, Murielle. "Circulation et diffusion monétaire chez les Turons et les Carnutes au second âge du Fer." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2015.
Full textThe celtic coinages of peoples turon and carnute never been a synthesis more go deeper, so we made our subject of study. Our speech is on apperance and development of money in the average Loire. This zone is fundamental for the understanding of the functioning of the systems of exchanges in Gaul but also between the Mediterranean Sea and the North of Europe in final La Tène. These networks of exchange were revealed when a typo- chronological reference table was established for every territory whilst focussing on the origin and function of the money as well. We were able to shed light on the precocity of potin and bronze coinages as well as emission zones that have changed between the second and the first century before our era
Bordeaux, Patrick. "De Maillé à Luynes. Genèse et identités d'une ville de Touraine à l'âge moderne." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL098.pdf.
Full textLuynes is a small town in Touraine located on the north bank of the Loire, 15 km west of Tours. For the last two millennia it’s been the seat of an important Gallo-Roman site, named Malliacum, then it was a seigniory under the name of Maillé, that became a barony, erected in county in 1572, then finally it’s been created in ducal peerage as Luynes in 1619. Luynes conserves many vestiges of all these periods. Very few authors have studied this history and heritage, most of them did it without references. Our thesis proposes to undertake a critical historiographical analysis, to research and verify the sources, to establish a reasoned chronology from the Middle Ages to modern times, and to define the architectural and landscape identities of the town. After presenting the medieval and renaissance heritage of this territory, the heart of our work follows a gradual and chronological approach centred on the modern age. First we focus on the dukes of Luynes, second on the creation, the components and the administrative and socio-economic evolution of the duchy-pair, third on the study of the town: its landscapes, its urban organization, its buildings and its gardens. Particular attention is paid to the 17th century: the personality of the second Duke of Luynes, his acquisitions and reforms and his monumental works and foundations. During this period, the town experiences many transformations due to the contexts, to the development of silk craftsmanship, to the organization of the territory in which the town is the capital, and to the will and the well-marked views of his powerful lord, long-time close to the jansenists. He will build or transform several buildings with sober and bare architecture but sometimes with a subtle and original organization. At the same time, local trader- manufacturers will build mansions using a rare brick and stone checkerboard. An overview throughout the eighteenth century ends this presentation
Sodigne-Loustau, Jeanine. "L'immigration politique espagnole en région Centre (Cher, Eure-et-Loir, Indre, Loir-et-Cher, Loiret) de 1936 à 1946." Paris 7, 1995. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529068.
Full textFrom 1936 to 1940 the "prefets" of the centre region could count only on local resources to accomodate spanish refugees. With a good organisation of health care, the population was able to cope with its needs. Considerable aid was given. But the government's obsession with security deprived this people of freedom. Few were repatriated and selection for reemigration was according to the wishes of the spanish trade union and political organisations within the department of spanish trade union and political organisations within the department of spanish refugee emigration. There were difficulties in reuniting families. Placing people in agricultural works was made difficult by its seasonal nature as well as family burdens weighing of many women. Nearly 5 000 workers required in agriculture arrived in september 1939. The german invasion in june 1940 put an end to the centers and dispersed the refugees. During the occupation, the men in the foreign workers groups tried to flee german requisitions. The communists ans anarchists wer hunted down. Having participated in the liberation, spaniards, mainly communists, renewed their hope of reconquering spain. But the refugees were divided by too many politicals rivalities either existing before the civil war or arising during it or in exile
Thoury, Tiphaine de. "Les marquis de Biencourt et la terre d’Azay-le-Rideau, de la seigneurie au monument historique (1788-1899)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL002.
Full textInsérer ici votre résumé en In September 1791, after a long procedure and much hesitation due to the revolutionary context, the Marquis Charles de Biencourt, of noble birth, soldier and native of the Creuse region, deputy of the estates general and the Constituent Assembly, signed to purchase the land of Azay-le-Rideau and its castle. Following this acquisi-tion, the property successively passed into the hands of each of the three Marquis de Biencourt after him : Armand-François, Armand-Marie, and then Charles-Marie. In the second half of this period, when the large fortune of the heirs to the title gradually declined through the splitting up of the estate shares inherent in inheri-tances, the very last Marquis de Biencourt, widower and having lost his two sons, ended up, despite the cir-cumstances, separating himself from the domain and the Castle of Azay as of 1899, after a difficult sale. For four generations, all of the Marquis de Biencourt, while maintaining their multi-residential lifestyle, and their parisian life, profoundly modified what is still referred during the period as the "Land of Azay". Therefore, even though the purchaser of the domain, as an informed physiocrat, chose a method of management favoring sharecropping and direct tenure, the successive heirs, for their part, adopted management allowing for both the concentration of land ownership and tenant farming at once. However, it is also the castle and its grounds that these men decided to transform as well. Thus, from the 1840s, as the choice of renovations were done in a resolutely neo-Renaissance style, the Marquis de Biencourt definitively anchored the Château of Azay-le-Rideau in the re-emerging landscape of the Loire Valley which, in fact, is partly a 19th-century construction
Kasprzyk, Michel. "Les cités des Eduens et de Chalon durant l'Antiquité tardive (v. 260-530 env. ) : contribution à l'étude de l'Antiquité tardive en Gaule centrale." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00621362.
Full textPoupard, Jean-Marc. "Contribution à la connaissance des comportements humains en milieu urbain : étude biosociologique du centre commercial régional de Créteil Soleil." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H022.
Full textThe traditional trades structures have a double exchange function: business and social. The trades centers tend to take the place of this structures. Can they have the same function? The bio sociological study of Creteil Soleil regional trade center point out some socials behaviors : interactions, self-control of traffic, group effects, exploration and territorial behaviors. . . The existence and the organization of this behaviors let us think that a trade center is living as a traditional trade structure. The trade center social offer has an influence on the making of purchase act. The social constituent attracts the customer and induces the business. The trade center is a place of business, but it's also a constituent of the urban social cohesion
Giordano, Florent. "La géographie (dés)organisante : savoirs, pouvoirs, normes : analyse interprétative du dispositif de gestion de la santé en région Centre-Val de Loire." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1010/document.
Full textThe main question of this thesis can be formulated as follows: How can discourses, norms and spatial practices, in the context of inter-organisational relations, produce good spatial conduct of agents in a relation of delegation? Rooted in strategic management, our theoretical framework mobilise approaches from the domain of geography and the Foucauldian notion of dispositif. The methodology we used is based on a unique case study: the health system in the region of Centre-Valde- Loire. The analysis of the empirical material shows the creation of an inter-organisational self-regulation chain, enabling the dissemination of this dispositif based on three types of space (absolute, relative and relational) by giving the illusion to each one of these links that he is responsible for his actions. We also highlight the independent nature of the dispositif that can create room for manoeuvre for actors as well as results that are sometimes counter-productive with regard to the original policies of the mandator
Carbajal, Ida Daniel. "Analyse multicritères de l'impact de la pourriture noble sur la texture et la composition biochimique des raisins de Chenin blanc." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0061.
Full textWinemakers from the Loire valley are willing to improve the various types of sweet wines currently produced in their designation of origin altogether with the elaboration of grape quality that corresponds to these wines. For that purpose, it is necessary to objectively characterize the grapes and their quality. Our study implies the development of a multcriteria method that combines physical and biochemical measures on the grape, allowing the identification and characterization of the different levels of noble rot development on Chenin blanc grapes for the production of sweet wines. To do so, grapes corresponding to three noble rot levels were selected during two vintages, 2012 and 2013. Classical analysis of grape quality were carried out and complemented with color, texture and phenolic composition analysis. Besides the phenolic characterization of Chenin (healthy and botrytised), this study revealed the presence of myricetin, that is traditionally detected on red grape varieties, and that seems to be also synthetized on white grapes strongly affected by noble rot. We have also showed that a multicriteria analysis brings a very good differentiation of grapes more or less botrytised. A combination of myricetin, astilbin and glycerol concentrations showed a significantly good discrimination of grapes according to botrytisation level. Finally, we have detected new compounds on the grapes after the fungal attack that could be the result of oxidative reactions. These results are to be confirmed
Billet, Kévin. "Plasticité génotypique et environnementale du métabolisme des polyphénols dans des coproduits viticoles à visée antifongique." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4012.
Full textViticulture strongly relies on agrochemical products and only few alternative solutions are available. Grape stems are abundant byproducts rich in polyphenols with antifungal activities. This work aims to develop grape stem extracts with antifungal activities based on field-experiments and metabolomics approaches for the analysis of polyphenols. A large-scale study in vineyards showed encouraging results for the biocontrol of Plasmopara viticola on both leaves and clusters. UPLC-DAD-MS-based targeted metabolomics of grape stems discriminates eight representative varieties of Loire Valley, thus showing the genetic determinism of polyphenol signature. Metabolomic screening of a large germplasm collection of European grape varieties allowed to selection of polyphenol-rich varieties. Finally, spatialized metabolomics within a vineyard parcel showed that polyphenol composition in grape stems also depends on environmental cues particularly soil texture