To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Centre variation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Centre variation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Centre variation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Tsampalieros, Anne. "Inter-centre Variation in the Management of Kidney Transplant Recipients and Its Impact on Clinical Outcomes." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37266.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: There is an increasing number of Canadians living with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Kidney transplantation is currently the best treatment for ESRD but long-term outcomes remain suboptimal. Identifying factors associated with better outcomes may lead to interventions or practice change that could improve patient survival or quality of life. The objectives of this thesis were to: i) systematically review the literature to examine centre variation in kidney transplantation outcomes and identify centre and provider level factors that may contribute to variation in outcomes; ii) describe differences that may exist at the patient, centre and provider level at the time of kidney transplantation across the six transplant centres in Ontario, Canada; iii) examine variation in graft and patient survival rates across transplant centres in Ontario; and iv) examine whether patient, centre and provider level characteristics contribute to variation in graft and survival rates across transplant centres.
Methods: The first objective of this thesis was met by conducting a systematic review of the literature according to a predefined protocol. The last three objectives of the thesis were met by conducting a population based retrospective cohort study using administrative data from Ontario. Differences at the patient, centre and provider level were described at the time of kidney transplantation. Outcomes of interest included total graft loss; graft loss with follow-up censored at death; death with graft function; and total mortality. All outcomes were assessed at one year post transplantation and at the end of study follow up. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to obtain hazard ratios (HR) for each centre relative to the average across all centres. The independent effect of centre volume and provider characteristics on outcomes was also examined.
Results: The systematic review identified 24 eligible studies. Outcomes included graft survival (n=24) and patient survival (n=9). The main characteristics evaluated were centre volume (n=17) and provider volume (n=2). Centre variation in graft survival was described in 80% (12/15) of studies, while less than half of studies (8/17) found a significant association between volume and graft survival. The population based retrospective cohort included 5092 adults (≥18 years) who received a primary solitary kidney transplant across 6 transplant centres in Ontario between January 1st 2000 and December 31st 2013. Variation in patient, centre and provider level factors existed across centres at the time of transplantation. At the end of study follow-up, case-mix adjusted HRs for total graft loss ranged from 0.84 (95% CI 0.53-1.33) to 1.16 (95% CI 1.00-1.34) across centres (p-value for between centre variation 0.46). After adjusting for centre and provider factors, differences across centres persisted. Centre volume, provider experience and provider type were not independently associated with either short or long-term outcomes (all p>0.05) with the exception of graft loss with follow-up censored at death.
Discussion: This thesis suggests that there is variation in clinical outcomes across transplant centres in Ontario which is not explained by patient factors, centre volume or provider characteristics at the time of transplantation. Additionally centre volume, provider type and experience were not independently associated with outcomes. Future prospective studies with a larger sample size of transplant centres that examine follow-up care after discharge from hospital (e.g. frequency of visits) are required to better understand this phenomenon.
2
Johnston, Gary Michael, and n/a. "GPS heighting : the effect of the GPS antenna phase center variation on height determination." University of Canberra. Management & Technology, 2000. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060802.155533.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the effect on height determination of the antenna phase centre
variation of GPS user segment antennae. A discussion of the various antenna types in
common use is followed by an explanation of the problem at hand. In particular the
effect of the antenna's environment on the phase centre variation is covered more
fully, since the phase variation phenomenon itself is largely unexplained in the
engineering community to date.
A number of examples of the heighting errors caused by this phenomenon are
presented, followed by specifically designed experiments, which quantify the effect.
Finally the phase centre variation itself is modelled for a particular GPS antenna in
common use by surveyors in Australia.
The overall conclusion, arrived at by demonstration, is that the antenna phase centre
offsets and the variation model are very important for high accuracy determinations of
height.
3
Martin, Isabelle Giret Noëlle. "Danse contemporaine et bibliothèque un mariage impossible ? Variation en dehors et en dedans de la médiathèque du Centre national de la danse (CND) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque-numerique/document-1827.
Full textAbstract:
Mémoire d'études diplôme de conservateur des bibliothèques : Bibliothéconomie : Villeurbanne, ENSSIB : 2008.Texte intégral. Résumé en français et en anglais. Bibliogr. f. 85-90. Liste des sigles et abréviations.
4
Trucat, Philippe. "Variation de l'indice therapeutique Omega chez 100 malades admis sur un mode direct en réanimation polyvalente au centre hospitalier de Mont de Marsan." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2M224.
Full text
5
Wikenstål, Jakob, and Jakob Wikenstaal. "Kampen för det Urbana Sportcentret." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-28690.
Full textAbstract:
Städer förtätas och tillgången till fysisk aktivitet och idrotter i idrottsanläggningar minskar. Mot denna bakgrund lät Malmö stad anlägga en ny typ av idrottsanläggning i en gammal industrilokal i området Sofielund. Anläggningen har fått namnet Urbant Sportcenter.Målet med föreliggande uppsats är att öka kunskapen om denna nya typ av urbana idrottsanläggningar. Syftet är att utifrån en fenomenografisk ansats analysera hur de involverade aktörerna förstår det Urbana Sportcentret i Sofielund, Malmö, som fenomen.Nio involverade aktörer har intervjuats och senare analyserats med hjälp av variationsteorin för att förstå fenomenet Urbant Sportcenter bättre genom att ta reda på hur andra erfar den på olika sätt.Resultatet visar att det finns sex kvalitativt skilda synsätt för hur det Urbana Sportcentret uppfattas i dag och även sex kvalitativt skilda synsätt för hur det Urbana Sportcentret uppfattas bli framöver. Utifrån dessa uppfattningar urskildes två ståndpunkter som de involverade aktörerna erfar som grunden för det Urbana Sportcentret, vilka var samverkan och användningen av den stora hallen. Det fanns många olika planer för hur samverkan och den stora hallen ska fungera. Det kan uppfattas som en kamp om vem som ska få sina planer genomförda och om anläggningen ska rivas eller bli kvar. Med hjälp av variationsteorin identifierades ett gemensamt mål med anläggningen, att skapa en attraktiv plats. Teoretiskt sätt kan de involverade aktörerna öka sin förståelse och således lära sig hur respektive erfar det Urbana Sportcentret med hjälp av att bli medvetna om de olika aspekterna som resultatet redovisat. Slutsatsen från föreliggande studie är att aktörerna inte har delat med sig av sina synsätt och saknar en gemensam kommunikation.Cities are becoming densified and the accessibility to physical activity and sports at sports facilities is reduced. With this background, Malmö municipality allowed a new type of sports facility in an old industrial area in Sofielund. The facility has been named “Urbant Sportcenter” (the Urban Sports Centre).The aim of the present thesis is to increase the knowledge of this new type of urban sports centres. The purpose is to analyse how the involved actors understands the Urban Sports Centre in Sofielund, Malmö, as a phenomenon based on a phenomenological approach. Nine involved actors have been interviewed and later analysed using the theory of variation to better understand the phenomenon of Urban Sports Centre by finding out how others experience it in different ways.The result shows that there are six qualitatively different ways on how the Urban Sports Centre is perceived today and also six qualitatively different ways on how the Urban Sports Centre is perceived to be in the coming years. Based on these perceptions, two aspects were identified by the involved actors as the basis of the Urban Sports Centre, which were interaction and the use of the major hall. There were many different plans for how the interaction and the big hall should work and it can be perceived as a battle for who will get their plans executed and if the facility is to be demolished or remaining. Using the theory of variation, one common goal was identified with the facility, that is creating an attractive location. Theoretically, the involved actors can increase their understanding and thus learn how to experience the Urban Sports Centre by becoming aware of the different aspects that the results reported. The conclusion from this study is that the actors have not shared their views and lack a common communication.
6
Almond, John. "Generalised analytic queueing network models : the need, creation, development and validation of mathematical and computational tools for the construction of analytic queueing network models capturing more critical system behaviour." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3741.
Full textAbstract:
Modelling is an important technique in the comprehension and management of complex systems. Queueing network models capture most relevant information from computer system and network behaviour. The construction and resolution of these models is constrained by many factors. Approximations contain detail lost for exact solution and/or provide results at lower cost than simulation. Information at the resource and interactive command level is gathered with monitors under ULTRIX'. Validation studies indicate central processor service times are highly variable on the system. More pessimistic predictions assuming this variability are in part verified by observation. The utility of the Generalised Exponential (GE) as a distribution parameterised by mean and variance is explored. Small networks of GE service centres can be solved exactly using methods proposed for Generalised Stochastic Petri Nets. For two centre. systems of GE type a new technique simplifying the balance equations is developed. A very efficient "building bglloocbka"l. is presented for exactly solving two centre systems with service or transfer blocking, Bernoulli feedback and load dependent rate, multiple GE servers. In the tandem finite buffer algorithm the building block illustrates problems encountered modelling high variability in blocking networks. A parametric validation study is made of approximations for single class closed networks of First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) centres with general service times. The multiserver extension using the building block is validated. Finally the Maximum Entropy approximation is extended to FCFS centres with multiple chains and implemented with computationally efficient convolution.
7
Donguy, Jean Réné. "Contribution à la connaissance des variations climatiques de l'Océan pacifique tropical." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10608.
Full text
8
Aghassi, Michele Leslie. "Robust optimization, game theory, and variational inequalities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33670.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-109).
We propose a robust optimization approach to analyzing three distinct classes of problems related to the notion of equilibrium: the nominal variational inequality (VI) problem over a polyhedron, the finite game under payoff uncertainty, and the network design problem under demand uncertainty. In the first part of the thesis, we demonstrate that the nominal VI problem is in fact a special instance of a robust constraint. Using this insight and duality-based proof techniques from robust optimization, we reformulate the VI problem over a polyhedron as a single- level (and many-times continuously differentiable) optimization problem. This reformulation applies even if the associated cost function has an asymmetric Jacobian matrix. We give sufficient conditions for the convexity of this reformulation and thereby identify a class of VIs, of which monotone affine (and possibly asymmetric) VIs are a special case, which may be solved using widely-available and commercial-grade convex optimization software. In the second part of the thesis, we propose a distribution-free model of incomplete- information games, in which the players use a robust optimization approach to contend with payoff uncertainty.
(cont.) Our "robust game" model relaxes the assumptions of Harsanyi's Bayesian game model, and provides an alternative, distribution-free equilibrium concept, for which, in contrast to ex post equilibria, existence is guaranteed. We show that computation of "robust-optimization equilibria" is analogous to that of Nash equilibria of complete- information games. Our results cover incomplete-information games either involving or not involving private information. In the third part of the thesis, we consider uncertainty on the part of a mechanism designer. Specifically, we present a novel, robust optimization model of the network design problem (NDP) under demand uncertainty and congestion effects, and under either system- optimal or user-optimal routing. We propose a corresponding branch and bound algorithm which comprises the first constructive use of the price of anarchy concept. In addition, we characterize conditions under which the robust NDP reduces to a less computationally demanding problem, either a nominal counterpart or a single-level quadratic optimization problem. Finally, we present a novel traffic "paradox," illustrating counterintuitive behavior of changes in cost relative to changes in demand.
by Michele Leslie Aghassi.
Ph.D.
9
Benitez, Lionel Ernesto Donatti. "SPATIAL VARIATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES IN AN IRRIGATED FIELD (ARIZONA)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275402.
Full text
10
Denault, M. (Michel). "Variational inequalities with the analytic center cutting plane method." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34945.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis concerns the solution of variational inequalities (VIs) with analytic center cutting plane methods (ACCPMs). A convex feasibility problem reformulation of the variational inequality is used; this reformulation applies to VIs defined with pseudo-monotone, single-valued mappings or with maximal monotone, multi-valued mappings.Two cutting plane methods are presented: the first is based on linear cuts while the second uses quadratic cuts. The first method, ACCPM-VI (linear cuts), requires mapping evaluations but no Jacobian evaluations; in fact, no differentiability assumption is needed. The cuts are placed at approximate analytic centers that are tracked with infeasible primal-dual Newton steps. Linear equality constraints may be present in the definition of the VI's set of reference, and are treated explicitly. The set of reference is assumed to be polyhedral, or is convex and iteratively approximated by polyhedra. Alongside of the sequence of analytic centers, another sequence of points is generated, based on convex combinations of the analytic centers. This latter sequence is observed to converge to a solution much faster than the former sequence.
The second method, ACCPM-VI (quadratic cuts), has cuts based on both mapping evaluations and Jacobian evaluations. The use of such a richer information set allows cuts that guide more accurately the sequence of analytic centers towards a solution. Mappings are assumed to be strongly monotone. However, Jacobian approximations, relying only on mapping evaluations, are observed to work very well in practice, so that differentiability of the mappings may not be required. There are two versions of the ACCPM-VI (quadratic cuts), that differ in the way a new analytic center is reached after the introduction of a cut. One version uses a curvilinear search followed by dual Newton centering steps. The search entails a full eigenvector-eigenvalue decomposition of a dense matrix of the order of the number of variables. The other version uses two line searches, primal-dual Newton steps, but no eigenvector-eigenvalue decomposition.
The algorithms described in this thesis were implemented in the M ATLAB environment. Numerical tests were performed on a variety of problems, some new and some traditional applications of variational inequalities.
11
Zaretsky, M. (Marina). "Essays on variational inequalities and competitive supply chain models." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28859.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-107).
In the first part of the thesis we combine ideas from cutting plane and interior point methods to solve variational inequality problems efficiently. In particular, we introduce "smarter" cuts into two general methods for solving these problems. These cuts utilize second order information on the problem through the use of a gap function. We establish convergence results for both methods, as well as complexity results for one of the methods. Finally, we compare the performance of an approach that combines affine scaling and cutting plane methods with other methods for solving variational inequalities. The second part of the thesis considers a supply chain setting where several capacitated suppliers compete for orders from a single retailer in a multi-period environment. At each period the retailer places orders to the suppliers in response to the prices and capacities they announce. Our model allows the retailer to carry inventory. Furthermore, suppliers can expand their capacity at an additional cost; the retailer faces exogenous, price-dependent, stochastic demand. We analyze discrete as well as continuous time versions of the model: (i) we illustrate the existence of equilibrium policies; (ii) we characterize the structure of these policies; (iii) we consider coordination mechanisms; and (iv) we present some computational results. We also consider a modified model that uses option contracts and finally present some extensions.
by Marina Zaretsky.
Ph.D.
12
Belet, Jean-Marc. "Variations tardiglaciaires et holocènes dans la limite supérieure de la forêt dans les Pyrénées centrales : l'exemple du vallon d'Estibère (Hautes-Pyrénées, France)." Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30195.
Full textAbstract:
Dans les Pyrénées centrales, le vallon d'Estibère fait l'objet de travaux actuo- et paléoécologiques visant à reconstituer les fluctuations de la limite supraforestière au cours des 15000 dernières années. Dans la première partie, nous présentons les principaux éléments physiques et biologiques de la région d'étude. La deuxième partie vise à vérifier dans l'actuel s'il est possible de définir la limite supraforestière en terme de pluie pollinique. Trois transects altitudinaux ont été effectués (80 spectres polliniques et relevés floristiques). La comparaison des pourcentages polliniques et des taux de recouvrement des espèces vgtales permet d'estimer la représentation pollinique des principaux taxons et de dfinir les différentes composantes de la pluie pollinique actuelle. L'étude de cinq marqueurs de la limite supraforestière permet de mettre en évidence des valeurs seuils capables de différencier les formations forestières subalpines des formations vgtales ouvertes des niveaux supérieurs. .In the central Pyrénées, the Estibère valley is the subject of actuo- and paleoecological work aiming to reconstruct timberline fluctuations during the last 15000 years. In the first part, we present the main physic and biologic elements of the study area. The aim of the second part is to verify in actual whether it's possible to caracterize the timberline in term of modern pollen rain. Three altitudinal transects are presented (80 modern pollen spectra and floristic inventory). .
13
Denault, Michel. "Variational inequalities with the analytic center cutting plane method." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/NQ44411.pdf.
Full text
14
Lam, Yuen-man Bonnie, and 林婉文. "Explaining the variations in the pedestrian flow values of shopping centres." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47277385.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies suggest that pedestrian flow in shopping centers is one of the key determinants of shopping centre rent. Much emphasis in shopping center management has focused on strategies to increase pedestrian flow. However, increase in pedestrian flow may be different impact on rental value in different shopping centres. Furthermore, pedestrian flow cannot be increased without costs and that such costs often increase at an increasing rate as pedestrian flow increases. The financial benefit (increase in rental value) due to increase in pedestrian flow is not the same for different shopping centres. Therefore, it may not always be beneficial to spend resources on increasing pedestrian flow. To determine an optimal strategy for managing pedestrian flow in a shopping center, it is necessary to understand the factors that affect the value of pedestrian flow to the owners of the shopping malls which is coined in this research as Pedestrian Flow Value (PFV) which is measured by net rental income per floor area per pedestrian flow. This study identifies the key determinants of PFV based on literature review, interviews and theoretical deduction. Based on rental and pedestrian flow survey data of 146 shopping malls along the stations of one of the most important mass transportation system in Hong Kong, i.e the Mass Transit Railway (MTR), we have estimated the marginal effects of these determinants on PFV. These determinants explain almost 90% of variations in PFV across shopping centres along the MTR line. We found that shopping malls owned by the same owners tend to achieve a lower PFV, which suggests that owners of multiple shopping malls may tend to adopt a uniform pedestrian flow management strategy that may not be optimal for each individual mall.published_or_final_version
Real Estate and Construction
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
15
Southall, John. "Variational methods and periodic solutions of N-body and N-centre problems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2006. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843280/.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis we study periodic solutions of several N-body and N-centre systems with different potentials from a variational viewpoint. The underlying focus is on understanding the structure of various action functionals, and the relationship between this and the system's periodic orbits and their properties. In particular we: investigate the integrable central force problems with potentials Valpha(x) = - 1/|x|alpha for 1≤ alpha ≤ 2. We show that for 1 < alpha < 2 there are only finitely many homotopy classes that do not contain a prime-period, but that this number diverges as alpha →1+ or alpha → 2--. Given any non-null homotopy class of loops and any period T > 0 we list the finitely many distinct critical manifolds of collisionless orbits in that class in order of their action, and label them with their Morse indices with respect to the action functional. We investigate the 2-body/1-centre problem with Lennard-Jones potential. We find the region of energy-momentum space that supports the existence of periodic or quasiperiodic motion. We also show there exists m ∈ N such that for all q ≥ m there are periodic orbits in Op= UT>0 OpT (p ∈ Z - {0}) with q 'radial oscillations' in one period. Obtain results on which homotopy and homology classes of loops contain periodic solutions of the symmetric planar Newtonian 2-centre problem, see theorem 4.4.1. In particular we find that the integrability of the system places strong constraints on which homology classes of loops contain periodic solutions and obtain some interesting results on prime-period solutions. We also order by action 'P1 orbits' in all homotopy classes of loops that contain them and label them by their Morse indices with respect to the action functional. We investigate the 7V-body problem with identical particles interacting through a potential of Lennard-Jones (LJ) type. We consider any subset of loop space that satisfies a few basic conditions, one of which corresponds to the notion of 'tiedness' introduced by Gordon in [41]. We show that this system admits periodic solutions in every homotopy class of this subset of loop space. More precisely we show that every homotopy class contains at least two periodic solutions for sufficiently large periods. One of these solutions is a local minimum and the other is a mountain-pass critical point of the action functional. We also prove that given a homotopy class of one of these subsets there do not exist any periodic solutions in it for sufficiently small periods. The results have wide applicability. For example, one can consider the space of choreographies and prove existence results for choreographical solutions. Our existence proof relies upon an assumption that global minimizers of standard strong force potentials on suitable spaces are nondegenerate up to some symmetries. We also find periodic solutions in some classes of loops that do not satisfy any tiedness condition. In particular we use a result in [27] to construct a periodic solution of the restricted spatial (2N + 2)-body problem. o present a note on McCord, Montaldi, Roberts and Sbano's paper on relative periodic orbits in symmetric Lagrangian systems, see [54]. For the N-centre problem with a strong force potential that is bounded above we find those homotopy classes of relative loops on which the action functional is coercive. We describe the homotopy types of the homotopy classes of relative loops. Under the assumption that the action functional is an S1-invariant Morse function we describe a set of homotopy classes that contain infinitely many periodic orbits. The work can be viewed as an expansion on an example presented at the end of [54] which had N = 2; in particular we correct and generalize some assertions made regarding coercivity of the action functional and the centralizers of the g-twisted action. Some of the results are subject to numerically motivated assumptions detailed in the thesis.
16
Hodsman, Alexandra Mary. "Is the observed centre variaton in performance against audit measures for calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone associated with differences in structure and processes of care in UK dialysis centres?" Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551302.
Full textAbstract:
The UK Renal Registry has published dialysis centre comparisons of performance against audit measures specified in national clinical practice guidelines for over ten years. There has never previously been any research to identify possible causes for the underlying differences observed in centre performance against these audit measures. The overall aim of this thesis was to determine whether it is possible to identify characteristics of dialysis centres (both related to organisational structure and clinical processes) which were associated with better outcomes against audit measures for calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone. The clinical practice guidelines for calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone are supported by observational data that hyperphosphataemia and possibly hypercalcaemia are associated with increased mortality in dialysis cohorts. This thesis studied this relationship in a prevalent UK haemodialysis cohort and demonstrated increased mortality was associated with hyperphosphataemia when data were adjusted for case-mix. There was also an association with hypercalcaemia but this may be a threshold effect. This study provided some justification for the subsequent study looking at organisational characteristics associated with outcomes for calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone. A methodological study is then presented discussing the merits of different type of performance analysis and presentation of these data using UK Renal Registry data as an example. A survey was designed, piloted and circulated to dialysis centres in England, Wales and Northern Ireland to identify structural characteristics, organisational and clinical processes which might be associated with better performance against the audit measures for calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone. These explanatory variables were analysed in case-mix adjusted multilevel statistical models. The study identified organisational variables which were associated with better performance for each of the outcome variables; better phosphate results were associated with a system of care which provided consistency for patient review and quality assurance; better calcium results associated with protocol or unrestricted use of certain specialist drugs (lanthanum) and better parathyroid hormone results associated with increased numbers of dieticians and surgeons able to undertake parathyroidectomy.
17
Birenbaum, Jeffrey (Jeffrey P. ). "Inbound supply chain optimization with ship-mode variation in a fixed-capacity fulfillment center." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117981.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-74).
each of the past two years. In order to scale with expected continued sales growth, Amazon has been investing heavily in its inbound supply chain, where product is received and allocated to various nodes, with cross-dock facilities, Amazon Robotics fulfillment centers and traditional fulfillment centers constituting a multi-echelon distribution network. In an Amazon Robotics fulfillment center, robotic drives retrieve and deliver portable inventory pods, where product is stowed and picked at fixed stations. Currently, approximately 65% of associate hours within the inbound department are utilized in the direct process of stow, while the other 35% of associate hours in the inbound department are utilized in support of the stow process in tasks such as corrugate removal and product container management. As a result, there is a continued emphasis on improving the efficiency of the nonvalue added tasks utilized in support of the stow process in order to utilize as many hours as possible in the value-added stow process. This thesis proposes a linear optimization-based analysis framework and capital allocation model that can be utilized to determine the investment viability for different automation systems and process improvements, which could improve efficiency and reduce overall cost in the Amazon Robotics fulfillment centers. This is especially the case within those fulfillment centers that are labor constrained. Labor constraints within a fulfillment center result in artificial limits set within Amazon's inventory placement algorithm, changing the origin of the shipment of product(s) to customers, which results in additional outbound transportation cost. This study will uncover unrealized cost-improvement areas by suggesting an inbound conveyance solution that can improve upon the current human-powered inbound system, and provides further areas of investigation for additional improvement. Implementation of the selected automation solution reduces inbound department hours by -3% with a payback period of -0.93 years for the fulfillment center in question, while improving labor-constrained fulfillment center capacity by as much as 1 %, and suggests further areas of investigation that can improve overall cost within the inbound supply chain by over 10%.
by Jeffrey Birenbaum.
M.B.A.
S.M.
18
King, Michael. "Child guidance centres in Japan : regional variation in policy implementation and the family-bond." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1a3761ce-594f-47f7-9523-c787fb563b54.
Full textAbstract:
In contemporary Japan, approximately 85 per cent of children in alternative care are placed in large institutions. This contrasts with global discourse, encapsulated in the UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children, and with practice in most OECD countries, which use foster care more extensively. Explanations for Japan's outlier status often focus on a homogenous national culture, yet there is significant regional variation between local authorities in how policy is implemented, most readily visible in the percentage of children in foster care. The title of this dissertation points to the three original contributions to knowledge of this work. The first is the rich ethnographic description of the child guidance centres and the decision-making process by which a child is removed from the family and placed into care. The second contribution is the explanation of regional variation in policy implementation. This is explained with reference to regional variation in resources, in norms, on the goals of care, the functions of different types of care, and the threshold until which a child is seen as being suitable for foster care, and in the organisational cultures of the child guidance centres. The final contribution to knowledge is the construction of the family-bond, between child and 'parent'. This is understood as singular and discrete, that is, that a child can only have one family-bond at any moment in time. Where foster care is constructed as anything other than professional or semi-professional care in a family setting it is seen as a threat to the child's family-bond with their natal parent. This dissertation argues that current attempts to increase the use of foster care by national and local authorities are likely to have limited impact unless they take this construction of the family-bond into account and focus on redefining the function of foster care.
19
Caravedo, Rocío. "Ch. J. Bailey. Variation and linguistic theory, Virginia (Center for Applied Linguistics) 1973, 162 pp." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101837.
Full text
20
Ehnert, Jesse James. "Acoustic assessment of the Robert Ferst Center for the Arts theater." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17625.
Full text
21
Cason, Brian (Brian Paul). "Volatility of hotel market fundamentals and the determinants of variations between markets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62135.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in Conjunction with the Center for Real Estate , 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-80).
How can volatility as well as other dynamics and characteristics in hotel market fundamentals affecting risk be better understood? This paper explores that fundamental question along with other more specific questions that naturally follow: What are the markets and hotel sectors that exhibit the most volatility in RevPAR, and its various components: occupancy, ADR, absorption and completions? How can markets be characterized as more supply driven or demand driven? How can market revenue metrics be characterized as rate or occupancy driven? What determines the variations in these metrics? What markets behave similarly? What do these findings mean in terms of various risk management practices? This paper develops a model for the systematic analysis of hotel markets based on observed trends in historical data. The paper first calculates measures of volatility. It then develops a model to characterize markets based on which fundamentals play a larger role in hotel market dynamics. It then provides a further comparison of markets based on which exhibit similar movements in RevPAR. The findings then are analyzed for their meaning in terms of risk in hotel markets. Finally, the findings are interpreted to reach conclusions about the nature and determinants of volatility in hotel markets, and how to better mitigate these risks in portfolio selection.
by Brian Cason.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
22
SELORON, LESAICHOT AGNES. "Variations circannuelles de l'incidence des accidents vasculaires cerebraux au centre hospitalier regional de fort de france (martinique)." Saint-Etienne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STET6009.
Full text
23
BASU, SHUBHANKAR. "Performance Modeling and Optimization Techniques in the Presence of Random Process Variations to Improve Parametric Yield of VLSI Circuits." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1209682383.
Full text
24
Benzerzour, Mohamed. "Transformations urbaines et variations du microclimat : application au centre ancien de Nantes et proposition d'un indicateur "morpho-climatique"." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00428536.
Full textAbstract:
Cette recherche porte sur l'analyse diachronique des interactions entre les paramètres physiques du microclimat et les transformations urbaines. La démarche mise en œuvre prend appui sur deux investigations complémentaires : une approche historique visant à mettre au jour les savoir-faire et les interventions qui ont visé, depuis les premiers temps de l'urbanisme salubriste, l'amélioration de l'environnement urbain; et une exploration à caractère physique sur la quantification des effets microclimatiques des transformations urbaines. L'une et l'autre portent de manière privilégiée sur le centre ancien de Nantes. Des reconstitutions ont ainsi été effectuées sur la base des sources historiques disponibles et cinq états représentatifs ont été définis allant de la fin du XVIIe siècle à la moitié de XXe. Des simulations numériques ont ensuite été réalisées à l'aide du modèle climatologique TEB, développé par le CNRM de Toulouse. Le principal résultat de cette évaluation physique a été de constater une augmentation considérable des flux de chaleur, une croissance progressive de la température de l'air et des surfaces, une augmentation de la vitesse du vent, ainsi qu'une déshumidification importante des espaces de ce centre. Cette efficience des transformations urbaines sur le microclimat nous a permis d'établir des corrélations entre les principaux paramètres d'intervention sur la ville (ouverture des vides urbains et minéralisation) et les phénomènes micro climatiques urbains. Ces corrélations ont été ensuite exploitées pour construire un indicateur morphologique permettant la caractérisation du microclimat urbain dans un projet de transformation urbaine. La définition de cet indicateur s'appuie sur deux objectifs : le premier vise à dépasser une limite du modèle TEB constatée lors des modélisations, le deuxième concerne la prise en compte de la corrélation entre les transformations urbaines et le microclimat. L'utilisation du modèle climatologique TEB, qui repose sur le concept de « rue canyon » pour modéliser la troisième dimension des zones bâties, a nécessité en effet d'opérer une réduction importante de la complexité de la forme urbaine. Pour dépasser cette limite, qui n'est pas propre à ce seul modèle, l'indicateur proposé reprend la notion de gabarit liée au canyon, mais l'étend par une analyse multidirectionnelle à l'évaluation de l'ouverture du vide urbain. Cet indicateur appelé « ouverture directionnelle » est applicable à plusieurs échelles spatiales et permet une caractérisation synthétique de l'espace (rue, place, cours, quartier, ensemble bâti) et du microclimat urbain. Une comparaison avec quelques résultats de simulations effectuées avec des outils du CERMA a permis de constater une bonne caractérisation de l'ensoleillement et de la vue du ciel et d'observer des résultats intéressants quant à la caractérisation du vent. En conséquence, « l'ouverture directionnelle », qui devra être complétée par la définition des états de surface, s'avère un indicateur prometteur pour rendre compte des interactions entre les paramètres physiques et morphologiques qui spécifient les environnements urbains.
25
KOMMINENI, BALAJI. "SPLINE CENTER AND RANGE REGRESSION TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLICATION TO VARIATION AWARE PERFORMANCE MACROMODELING OF ANALOG CIRCUITS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1195585950.
Full text
26
Silva, MoisÃs Batista da. "Atlas LinguÃstico do centro-oeste Potiguar." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8501.
Full textAbstract:
Programa Institucional de CapacitaÃao Docente e TÃcnicaCoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
A lÃngua e o seu jeito prÃprio de falar e de designar as coisas produzem uma riqueza enorme de variantes linguÃsticas, tambÃm patrimÃnio histÃrico-cultural da sociedade, que precisam sempre ser perpetuadas atravÃs do seu registro. Partindo desse pressuposto, a pesquisa em foco tem como objetivo geral elaborar o Atlas LinguÃstico do Centro-Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte. Para conseguir tal propÃsito, foram estabelecidos objetivos especÃficos tais como identificar as variÃveis extralinguÃsticas (diastrÃtica, diassexual e diageracional) nos fenÃmenos fonÃticos e lexicais; descrever a realidade do portuguÃs do Centro-Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte para identificar fenÃmenos fonÃticos e semÃntico-lexicais, que caracterizam diferenciaÃÃes ou definem a unidade linguÃstica no Estado. Esta pesquisa tem como fundamentaÃÃo teÃrico-metodolÃgica os pressupostos da Dialetologia e da GeolinguÃstica pluridimensional e relacional (Radke e Thun, 1996), em consonÃncia, principalmente, com os ideais do Projeto Atlas LinguÃstico do Brasil (ALiB) e do Projeto Atlas LinguÃstico do Rio Grande do Norte (AliRN). Considerando os dados socioeconÃmicos e culturais particulares da regiÃo pesquisada, foram selecionados oito pontos de inquÃritos: quatro da MesorregiÃo do Oeste Potiguar (MossorÃ, Apodi, Pau dos Ferros e JanduÃs) e quatro da MesorregiÃo Central Potiguar (Macau, Angicos, Currais Novos e CaicÃ). O critÃrio dessa escolha foi, primeiramente, o da importÃncia dos aspectos demogrÃficos, histÃricos, geogrÃficos, polÃticos, econÃmicos e culturais e a influÃncia delas sobre os outros municÃpios da regiÃo. Adotou-se, tambÃm, o critÃrio da equidistÃncia aproximada. Ou seja, todas as localidades foram distribuÃdas de uma maneira que abrangesse todo Centro-Oeste Potiguar, com uma distÃncia entre elas, de pelo menos, 70 km. Para a realizaÃÃo da pesquisa de campo, foram selecionados 32 informantes, levando em conta: a) sexo: para cada ponto, foram entrevistados dois homens e duas mulheres (um homem e uma mulher de cada geraÃÃo), fazendo um total de 4 informantes por localidade; b) faixa etÃria: foi distribuÃda em duas geraÃÃes: G1 (geraÃÃo de jovens de 18 a 32 anos) e G2 (geraÃÃo de adultos entre 48 a 62 anos). Em cada ponto, foram selecionados dois informantes da G1 e dois da G2; c) escolaridade: foram escolhidos os informantes com escolaridade igual ou inferior ao 9Â ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para todos esses informantes, foram aplicados dois questionÃrios (fonÃtico-fonolÃgico e semÃnticolexical) com o objetivo de coletar dados, possibilitando, assim, a elaboraÃÃo das 147 cartas linguÃsticas (84 lÃxicas e 63 fonÃticas) que formam o Atlas em foco e mostram a diversidade do falar da regiÃo pesquisada. Desse modo, esta pesquisa traz grandes contribuiÃÃes, pois registra a riqueza linguÃstica existente nas localidades pesquisadas e permite que o conhecimento da realidade linguÃstica seja constantemente aprofundado, por exemplo, pelos professores, levando os alunos ao domÃnio das variantes de prestÃgio, sem desprestigiar os seus falares de origem, contribuindo, assim para o ensino eficiente e eficaz da lÃngua materna na regiÃo em foco.
Language and its proper manners of speaking produce rich possibilities of language variations. It is also a historical and cultural patrimony of a society and it needs to be perpetuated though a registration process. Based on this presupposition, this research aims at elaborating a Center-West Rio Grande do Norte Region Atlas. In order to accomplish this purpose, a few goals were established to identify extralinguistic variations (diastropic, diasexual and diageneric) in phonetic and lexical phenomena. The main aim is to describe the real Portuguese language of Center-West of Rio Grande do Norte to identify phonetic, semantic and lexical phenomena, which characterize differentiations or can define Rio Grande do Norte State. This research has as theoretical and methodological foundations the Dialectology and Pluridimensional and Geolinguistic Relations (RADKE e THUN, 1996), in consonance, mainly, with the ideals of the Brazilian Atlas Project (Alib in Portuguese) and Rio Grande do Norte Atlas Linguistic Project (ALiRN in Portuguese). Considering socioeconomic and cultural data, eight places of inquiries were chosen: four in West Potiguar Mesoregion (MossorÃ, Apodi, Pau dos Ferros and JanduÃs) and four in Central Potiguar Mesoregion (Macau, Angicos, Currais Novos and CaicÃ). The criteria for this choice was, firstly, the relevance of demographic, historical, geographic, political, economic and cultural aspects and theirs influence on cities of that regions. We also adopted an approximate equidistance criterion. It means that all places were distributed in way that all Potiguar Center West region could be considered, with a distance, among them, of at least, 70 km. In order to accomplish this field research, 32 informants were selected, taking into account: a) gender â in each location were interviewed two men and two women (a man and a woman of each generation), a total of 4 informants for place; b) age â were distributed in two generations: G1 (generation of young people from 18 to 32 years old) and G2 (generation of adults between 48 to 62 years old). In each location two informants were selected from G1 and two from G2; c) schooling â two informants were chosen with schooling equal or inferior to 9th year of Elementary School. To all those informants were applied two (phonetic-phonological and semantic-lexical) questionnaires with the aim of collecting data, providing, thus, an elaboration of 147 (84 lexical and 63 phonetic) linguistic charts which compose the Atlas and show the diversity of speaking of the region. This research brings meaningful contributions, considering that it records the existent linguistic richness in the researched location and allows the knowledge of linguistic reality that can be constantly accessed by, for example, teachers, taking into account the domains of prestigious varieties without prejudice to studentsâ speaking origin, contributing, thus, to an efficient and effective language teaching in the analyzed region.
27
Courtin, Sabine Diquelou Armelle. "Etude des variations des paramètres biologiques lors de l'entraînement des chiens au Centre National d'Instruction Cynophile de la Gendarmerie." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/3036/1/hartmann_3036.pdf.
Full text
28
Silva, Moisés Batista da. "Atlas Linguístico do centro-oeste Potiguar." www.teses.ufc.br, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8253.
Full textAbstract:
SILVA, Moisés Batista da. Atlas Linguístico do centro-oeste Potiguar. 2012. 329f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2012.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-06-10T13:19:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_tese_mbsilva.pdf: 5544384 bytes, checksum: b6993ba1bd4b12e95059b45ada2745c8 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-06-10T13:34:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_tese_mbsilva.pdf: 5544384 bytes, checksum: b6993ba1bd4b12e95059b45ada2745c8 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-10T13:34:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_tese_mbsilva.pdf: 5544384 bytes, checksum: b6993ba1bd4b12e95059b45ada2745c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Language and its proper manners of speaking produce rich possibilities of language variations. It is also a historical and cultural patrimony of a society and it needs to be perpetuated though a registration process. Based on this presupposition, this research aims at elaborating a Center-West Rio Grande do Norte Region Atlas. In order to accomplish this purpose, a few goals were established to identify extralinguistic variations (diastropic, diasexual and diageneric) in phonetic and lexical phenomena. The main aim is to describe the real Portuguese language of Center-West of Rio Grande do Norte to identify phonetic, semantic and lexical phenomena, which characterize differentiations or can define Rio Grande do Norte State. This research has as theoretical and methodological foundations the Dialectology and Pluridimensional and Geolinguistic Relations (RADKE e THUN, 1996), in consonance, mainly, with the ideals of the Brazilian Atlas Project (Alib in Portuguese) and Rio Grande do Norte Atlas Linguistic Project (ALiRN in Portuguese). Considering socioeconomic and cultural data, eight places of inquiries were chosen: four in West Potiguar Mesoregion (Mossoró, Apodi, Pau dos Ferros and Janduís) and four in Central Potiguar Mesoregion (Macau, Angicos, Currais Novos and Caicó). The criteria for this choice was, firstly, the relevance of demographic, historical, geographic, political, economic and cultural aspects and theirs influence on cities of that regions. We also adopted an approximate equidistance criterion. It means that all places were distributed in way that all Potiguar Center West region could be considered, with a distance, among them, of at least, 70 km. In order to accomplish this field research, 32 informants were selected, taking into account: a) gender – in each location were interviewed two men and two women (a man and a woman of each generation), a total of 4 informants for place; b) age – were distributed in two generations: G1 (generation of young people from 18 to 32 years old) and G2 (generation of adults between 48 to 62 years old). In each location two informants were selected from G1 and two from G2; c) schooling – two informants were chosen with schooling equal or inferior to 9th year of Elementary School. To all those informants were applied two (phonetic-phonological and semantic-lexical) questionnaires with the aim of collecting data, providing, thus, an elaboration of 147 (84 lexical and 63 phonetic) linguistic charts which compose the Atlas and show the diversity of speaking of the region. This research brings meaningful contributions, considering that it records the existent linguistic richness in the researched location and allows the knowledge of linguistic reality that can be constantly accessed by, for example, teachers, taking into account the domains of prestigious varieties without prejudice to students’ speaking origin, contributing, thus, to an efficient and effective language teaching in the analyzed region.
A língua e o seu jeito próprio de falar e de designar as coisas produzem uma riqueza enorme de variantes linguísticas, também patrimônio histórico-cultural da sociedade, que precisam sempre ser perpetuadas através do seu registro. Partindo desse pressuposto, a pesquisa em foco tem como objetivo geral elaborar o Atlas Linguístico do Centro-Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte. Para conseguir tal propósito, foram estabelecidos objetivos específicos tais como identificar as variáveis extralinguísticas (diastrática, diassexual e diageracional) nos fenômenos fonéticos e lexicais; descrever a realidade do português do Centro-Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte para identificar fenômenos fonéticos e semântico-lexicais, que caracterizam diferenciações ou definem a unidade linguística no Estado. Esta pesquisa tem como fundamentação teórico-metodológica os pressupostos da Dialetologia e da Geolinguística pluridimensional e relacional (Radke e Thun, 1996), em consonância, principalmente, com os ideais do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB) e do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Rio Grande do Norte (AliRN). Considerando os dados socioeconômicos e culturais particulares da região pesquisada, foram selecionados oito pontos de inquéritos: quatro da Mesorregião do Oeste Potiguar (Mossoró, Apodi, Pau dos Ferros e Janduís) e quatro da Mesorregião Central Potiguar (Macau, Angicos, Currais Novos e Caicó). O critério dessa escolha foi, primeiramente, o da importância dos aspectos demográficos, históricos, geográficos, políticos, econômicos e culturais e a influência delas sobre os outros municípios da região. Adotou-se, também, o critério da equidistância aproximada. Ou seja, todas as localidades foram distribuídas de uma maneira que abrangesse todo Centro-Oeste Potiguar, com uma distância entre elas, de pelo menos, 70 km. Para a realização da pesquisa de campo, foram selecionados 32 informantes, levando em conta: a) sexo: para cada ponto, foram entrevistados dois homens e duas mulheres (um homem e uma mulher de cada geração), fazendo um total de 4 informantes por localidade; b) faixa etária: foi distribuída em duas gerações: G1 (geração de jovens de 18 a 32 anos) e G2 (geração de adultos entre 48 a 62 anos). Em cada ponto, foram selecionados dois informantes da G1 e dois da G2; c) escolaridade: foram escolhidos os informantes com escolaridade igual ou inferior ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para todos esses informantes, foram aplicados dois questionários (fonético-fonológico e semânticolexical) com o objetivo de coletar dados, possibilitando, assim, a elaboração das 147 cartas linguísticas (84 léxicas e 63 fonéticas) que formam o Atlas em foco e mostram a diversidade do falar da região pesquisada. Desse modo, esta pesquisa traz grandes contribuições, pois registra a riqueza linguística existente nas localidades pesquisadas e permite que o conhecimento da realidade linguística seja constantemente aprofundado, por exemplo, pelos professores, levando os alunos ao domínio das variantes de prestígio, sem desprestigiar os seus falares de origem, contribuindo, assim para o ensino eficiente e eficaz da língua materna na região em foco.
29
Kwan, Celina Khuan Dai. "The effects of environmental variations in day care centres in the development of young children in Singapore." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006600/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of variations in the day care environment on linguistic and social-emotional development of pre-school children in Singapore after home background has been taken into account. This study examined differences in the environment of 16 day care centres. Characteristics of the environment were assessed by the Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale, ECERS (Harms & Clifford, 1980) and the Target Child Method of Observation, TCM (Sylva, Roy & Painter, 1980). The ECERS measured the physical and programmatic features of day care centres and produced a total 'quality' score and seven subscale scores. These consisted of assessments of personal care and routines, furnishing and display, language-reasoning experiences, fine and gross motor activities, creative activities, social development and adult needs provided in day care centres. This rating scale was validated in Singapore and discriminant validity was established. Reliability was also obtained before proceeding with the assessment of the day care environments. The TCM investigated the interactive features of day care centres and consisted of typical activities and social interactions experienced by children. Inter-observer reliability was established and child behaviours were systematically observed and coded for 12,800 thirty-second intervals. Day care effects were investigated by assessing children at two time points. A pre-test,consisting of linguistic and social-emotional assessments, was conducted on 122 pre-school aged children at the beginning of the year and a post-test administered towards the end of the year. Data analysis was conducted by regressing these outcomes on the ECERS measure of the day care environment. T-test analyses were also conducted to investigate differences in typical child behaviours (as nasured by the TCM) between 'high' progress centres and 'low' progress centres. Child characteristics and home background variables were included in the analyses to control for possible confounding of the effects of the day care environment on children's outcomes. This study found that total centre 'quality' and specific subscales on the ECERS were related to some aspects of linguistic and social emotional development of children. Results also suggested that certain child activities and social interaction were associated with higher progress in language development.
30
Bain, Kandee. "VARIATION BETWEEN PERIPHERAL AND CENTER ACHENE MORPHOLOGY AND ATTRIBUTES OF ACHENE GERMINATION IN THE INVASIVE SPECIES, CENTAUREA MELITENSIS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/256.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive species are often successful and problematic because of their ability to persist in disturbed and undisturbed environments despite weed management practices. Understanding reproduction and dispersal strategies in these species can aid in developing management approaches to help control their spread. Centaurea melitensis, a nonnative invasive with European origins, is found in disturbed areas of southern California. It produces three different types of flower heads that develop at different times and at different locations on the plant during the growing season. The chasmogamous (CH) flower heads are located at the top of the plant, the initial cleistogamous (iCL) heads are located at the base of the plant and at some branch and axillary points, and the final cleistogamous (fCL) heads are located along the stem and at some branch points. This pattern differs from that in Centaurea solstitialis, its most closely related congener, which develops one type of flower head with two morphologically distinct achenes within each flower head: peripheral and center achenes. The overall objective of this study was to examine potential differences between peripheral and center achenes of Centaurea melitensis, including morphological differences in dispersal features, potential differences in response to temperature, tendency to disperse, dormancy and viability. The approach involved selecting whole plants from the field and separating peripheral and center achenes from each of the three head types. Morphological differences were assessed by measuring mass, fruit length, fruit width, pappus length, pappus width, and elaiosome features. Temperature response patterns were evaluated by exposing peripheral and center achenes to temperatures ranging from 5 C to 30 C and measuring germination. Tendency of different achene types to remain in the flower heads was assessed by comparing ratios of peripheral to center achenes in heads immediately after maturation (March to June) to the ratios remaining in heads in early fall (September). Viability and dormancy testing was performed using a cut test and tetrazolium chloride tests in conjunction with germination tests. Results of these studies indicate that peripheral achenes of Centaurea melitensis were lighter and narrower, with shorter pappi and smaller elaiosomes than center achenes. Peripheral achenes responded similarly to their center counterparts in germination response to temperature, but the pattern differed among head types. Broad temperature optima were observed within the fCL and CH heads and a narrow optimum was observed in iCL. There was no evidence that the peripheral achenes remained in the heads longer than the center achenes. Ratios of peripheral to center achenes were 3.8:1 in CH heads, 2.23:1 in iCL heads, and 1.94:1 in fCL heads. Peripheral achenes were more likely to be dormant while maintaining viability than center achenes were. The results of this study, therefore, indicate that peripheral and center achenes of Centaurea melitensis differ morphologically. Dispersal features, such as pappi and elaiosomes, were more highly developed in center achenes than in peripheral achenes, but these differences were not reflected in differences in behavior to the extent we could measure it (i.e., the tendency to remain in heads or the germination responses to temperature). Differences between peripheral and center achenes of Centaurea melitensis trended in the same direction as differences seen in its closely related congener, Centaurea solstitialis, which has center achenes that disperse more readily than peripheral achenes. However, the differences observed in Centaurea melitensis were not as pronounced as those seen in Centaurea solstitialis.
31
Maragno, Franciéle Pereira. "Estrutura espacial e temporal de taxocenoses de anuros de uma área de cerrado, no centro-oeste do Brasil." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2013. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3285.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorWe investigated the potential factors structuring anuran assemblages using three approaches: i) spatial structure of adult anurans; ii) spatial structure of tadpole assemblages, and iii) temporal structure of reproductive activity. The assemblage of adult anurans was composed by 22 species which co-occurred more frequently than expected by chance at the breeding sites (ponds). Pond area, depth, percentage of flat margin, and pH were the environmental descriptors structuring the assemblage. Additionally, closer ponds were more similar regarding assemblage structure. About 16% of the assemblage structure was explained exclusively by environmental descriptors, 13% exclusively by geographic distance, and 3.7% by the interaction between them. Five species groups were found regarding patterns of pond use, ranging from occasional occurrences to generalists. The tadpole assemblage comprised of 20 species belonging to six ecomorphological guilds, being the benthic the richest guild. We found a positive co-occurrence between species both within that guild and for all species together. Pond area, hydroperiod, and percentage of water covered by vegetation were the main descriptors structuring the assemblages for both scales (species and guilds). Considering species together, 20% of the assemblage structure was explained exclusively by pond environmental descriptors, and spatial influence (3%) was related to those descriptors. For guilds, only environmental descriptors explained the assemblage structure (11%). Groups of similar pond use pattern were segregated by hydroperiod. We detected partitioning among species during the reproductive season, with four guilds regarding temporal pattern: 1. Prolonged calling activity throughout the season; 2. More intense activity at the beginning of the season; 3. More intense at the end, and 4. Occasional occurrences. We found positive correlation of climatic variables with 44% of the species and total abundance of anurans. Our study showed that the assemblages were structured in space and time, with the reproductive activity of the species responding to the local climatic variation. Moreover, we suggest that the maintenance of ponds, which vary in a gradient regarding environmental descriptors, is important to maintain the distinct anuran strategies in this region.
Investigamos os potenciais fatores estruturadores de taxocenoses de anuros através de três abordagens: i) estruturação espacial de adultos; ii) estruturação espacial de girinos; e iii) estruturação temporal da atividade reprodutiva. A taxocenose de anuros em fase reprodutiva foi composta por 22 espécies que ocorreram em maior frequência que o esperado ao acaso nos ambientes reprodutivos (corpos d água). Área do corpo d água, profundidade, porcentagem de margem plana e pH foram os descritores ambientais estruturadores da taxocenose. Adicionalmente, corpos d água mais próximos foram mais semelhantes quanto à estrutura da taxocenose. Aproximadamente 16% da estrutura da taxocenose foram explicados exclusivamente pelos descritores ambientais, 13% exclusivamente pela distância geográfica, e 3,7% pela interação entre esses. As espécies foram agrupadas em cinco padrões de uso dos corpos d água, variando de ocorrências pontuais a generalistas. A taxocenose de girinos foi composta por 20 espécies pertencentes a seis guildas ecomorfológicas, sendo a bentônica a mais rica. A coocorrência das espécies foi maior que ao acaso tanto dentro desta guilda, como para toda a taxocenose. Área dos corpos d água, hidroperíodo e porcentagem de cobertura vegetal da água foram estruturadores da taxocenose em ambas as escalas (espécies e guildas). Considerando as espécies em conjunto, 20% da estrutura da taxocenose foram explicados unicamente pelos descritores ambientais dos corpos d água, sendo que toda contribuição espacial (3%) foi relacionada às características ambientais. Para guildas, apenas descritores ambientais explicaram a estrutura da taxocenose (11%). Grupos de espécies com uso similar dos corpos d água foram segregados em função do hidroperíodo dos mesmos. Encontramos partilha temporal da estação reprodutiva entre as espécies, com a indicação de quatro guildas: 1. Atividade de vocalização prolongada ao longo da estação; 2. Mais intensa no início da estação; 3. Mais intensa no final da estação; e 4. Espécies com ocorrências pontuais ao longo da estação chuvosa. Para 44% das espécies e para a abundância total de anuros, encontramos correlações significativas com os fatores meteorológicos. Nosso estudo mostrou que as taxocenoses estão estruturadas espacial e temporalmente, com a atividade reprodutiva das espécies respondendo à variação das condições meteorológicas vigentes. Além disso, sugerimos que a manutenção de corpos d água que variem num gradiente de descritores ambientais é importante para abranger as diferentes estratégias reprodutivas dos anuros da região.
32
Sharifi, Mokhtarian Faranak. "Analytic center cutting plane and path-following interior-point methods in convex programming and variational inequalities." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35615.
Full textAbstract:
Interior-point methods have not only shown their efficiency for linear and some nonlinear programming problems, but also for cutting plane methods and large scale optimization. The analytic center cutting plane method uses the analytic center of the current polyhedral approximation of the feasible region to add a new cutting plane. In this thesis, analytic center cutting plane and path-following interior-point methodologies are used to solve the following problems: (1) convex feasibility problems defined by a deep cut separation oracle; (2) convex optimization problems involving a nonlinear objective and a constraint set defined implicitly by a separation oracle; (3) variational inequalities involving a nonlinear operator and a convex set explicitly defined; (4) variational inequalities involving an affine operator and a constraint set defined implicitly by a deep cut separation oracle; and (5) variational inequalities involving a nonlinear operator and a constraint set defined implicitly by a deep cut separation oracle. Here, the oracle is a routine that takes as input a test point. If the point belongs to the feasible region, it answers "yes", otherwise it answers "no" and returns a cut separating the point from the feasible region. Complexity bounds are established for algorithms developed for Cases 1, 2 and 4. The algorithm developed for Case 3 will be proven to be convergent, whereas, in Case 5, the developed algorithm will be shown to find an approximate solution in finite time.
33
Sharifi, Mokhtarian Faranak. "Analytic center cutting plane and path-following interior-point methods in convex programming and variational inequalities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0015/NQ44580.pdf.
Full text
34
Gautier-Dalché, de Desplanels Florence. "Variations de l'acte clinique & éthique du sujet : portée d'une démarche psychanalytique auprès d'enfants en C.M.P.P. : de la valeur d'enseignement du cas." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21274.
Full textAbstract:
Les variations de l'acte clinique, en psychothérapie, réhabilitent les forces créatrices et séparatrices du langage au lieu de la subjectivité en souffrance de l'enfant. Transmises selon la portée d'une démarche psychanalytique fidèle à l'éthique épistémologique du Sujet, garante d'une science humaine, elles initient à la complexité du fait psychique à la faveur d'une rencontre transférentielle, peuplée d'imprévisibles. La rigueur scientifique, élaguée de l'illusion de maîtrise et d'exactitude, astreint à construire des études de cas qui restituent l'interrogation du Sujet et, surtout, "la langue ordinaire" issue de la relation clinique. L'enseignement du désir engagé du soignant, qui considère l'inconscient, mobilise le transfert, crée un lieu d'adresse et libère une subjectivation enclavée, devient alors possible. Le souci de faire cas du Sujet, au sens le plus littéral et radical, sans le façonner en cas, oriente l'écriture des suivis de Sarah, Eliane et JodieThe variations of the clinical act, in psychotherapy, re-establish the creative and dividing forces of the language instead of the subjectivity in suffering of the child. Transmitted according to the scope of a psychoanalytical proceeding, faithful to epistemologic ethic of the Subject, guaranteeing for an human science, them introduce to the complexity of the psychic fact, under cover of a transferencial encounter, full of unpredictables. The scientific rigour, cut of the control of illusion of mastership and accuracy, forces to build studies of cases which restore the Subject's interrogation and especially the " common language " born of the clinic relation. The education of the engaged desire of the psychologist, who considers the unconscious, motivates the transfer, creates a place of address and frees an enclosed subjectivation, becomes possible. The concern to make much of the Subject, in the most literal and most radical sense, without shaping him in theorem, orientates the writing of follow-ups of Sarah, Eliane and Jodie
35
Neilson, Hilding R., Joseph T. McNeil, Richard Ignace, and John B. Lester. "Limb Darkening and Planetary Transits: Testing Center-to-limb Intensity Variations and Limb-darkening Directly from Model Stellar Atmospheres." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2684.
Full textAbstract:
The transit method, employed by Microvariability and Oscillation of Stars (MOST), Kepler, and various ground-based surveys has enabled the characterization of extrasolar planets to unprecedented precision. These results are precise enough to begin to measure planet atmosphere composition, planetary oblateness, starspots, and other phenomena at the level of a few hundred parts per million. However, these results depend on our understanding of stellar limb darkening, that is, the intensity distribution across the stellar disk that is sequentially blocked as the planet transits. Typically, stellar limb darkening is assumed to be a simple parameterization with two coefficients that are derived from stellar atmosphere models or fit directly. In this work, we revisit this assumption and compute synthetic planetary-transit light curves directly from model stellar atmosphere center-to-limb intensity variations (CLIVs) using the plane-parallel Atlas and spherically symmetric SAtlas codes. We compare these light curves to those constructed using best-fit limb-darkening parameterizations. We find that adopting parametric stellar limb-darkening laws leads to systematic differences from the more geometrically realistic model stellar atmosphere CLIV of about 50–100 ppm at the transit center and up to 300 ppm at ingress/egress. While these errors are small, they are systematic, and they appear to limit the precision necessary to measure secondary effects. Our results may also have a significant impact on transit spectra.
36
Rabouam, Corinne. "Variation géographique et structure des populations chez le Puffin cendré (Aves, Procellariiformes) : apports respectifs des marqueurs génétiques et phénotypiques." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR4004.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail analyse les apports respectifs de différents marqueurs pour étudier la variation géographique et la structure des populations, chez une espèce à distribution naturellement fragmentée : le puffin cendré, oiseau marin de l'ordre des procellariiformes (albatros et pétrels). Une première étape consistait à étudier la dispersion des individus, laquelle détermine les flux géniques, afin d'en déduire des prédictions quant à la structure et au degré de différenciation des populations. Cette analyse est basée sur l'observation d'individus bagués poussins avant l'envol, puis recapturés ultérieurement sur les colonies de reproduction. Les résultats montrent l'existence d'un dimorphisme sexuel, non seulement dans les taux de retour sur le site de naissance pour se reproduire, mais aussi dans les distances de dispersion. La philopatrie est plus importante chez les mâles, mais certains individus réalisent des mouvements dispersifs à grande échelle, tandis que les femelles dispersent d'avantage, mais à des distances relativement courtes. Ensuite, plusieurs paramètres ont été échantillonnés selon différentes échelles spatiales d'analyse, allant de la sous-espèce à la sous-colonie, afin de constituer un jeu de marqueurs potentiels de la variation géographique chez le puffin cendré : - l'étude de la structure et de la différenciation génétique des populations repose sur l'analyse de l'adn, à partir de marqueurs RAPDS, et microsatellite ; - l'étude des divergences phénotypiques repose sur l'analyse des patterns de variation géographique de la biométrie (masse corporelle, hauteur du bec, longueurs du bec, de l'aile pliée, de la queue, et du tarse), et de la phénologie du cycle reproducteur (dates de ponte, d'éclosion, et d'envol des jeunes ; durées de l'incubation, et de la croissance des jeunes), en parallèle avec la variation des facteurs océanographiques (température et salinité, fréquence d'occurrence des fronts thermiques, et distance aux colonies), aux différentes échelles spatiales à travers l'aire de répartition de l'espèce ; - enfin la variabilité des signaux de communication utilisés lors de la formation du couple est également analysée à travers les vocalisations, en tant que marqueurs comportementaux de l'identité géographique et spécifique des populations. Nos résultats montrent que la variabilité des différents caractères utilisés comme marqueurs ne reflète pas forcément un même et unique schéma de différenciation géographique, mais des facettes différentes et complémentaires de ce processus évolutif : - les marqueurs génétiques. L'utilisation d'un marqueur microsatellite nous a permis de mettre en évidence une structuration géographique non détectée à partir des protéines et de l'adn mitochondrial, reflétant les conséquences de la dispersion des individus, et donc l'histoire phylogéographique des populations. - les marqueurs morphologiques mettent en évidence des divergences qui traduisent avant tout des variations spatio-temporelles dans les caractéristiques océanographiques locales sources de contraintes sélectives, témoignant d'un processus adaptatif plutôt qu'historique. - les marqueurs comportementaux. Chez le puffin cendré, comme chez l'ensemble des procellariiformes, la variabilité des vocalisations est essentiellement d'origine génétique, et leur différenciation géographique reflète également les conséquences de l'histoire évolutive des populations. Ces résultats sont discutés dans un cadre plus général, à la lumière des particularités biologiques de chaque marqueur et des modèles étudiés dans la littérature
37
Pommier, Eric. "Génération de trajectoires pour robot mobile non-holonome par gestion des centres de rotation." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20248.
Full textAbstract:
Ce memoire de these decrit une methode mixte de generation de trajectoires pour robots mobiles de type voiture. Une approche geometrique permet dans un espace de dimension deux de tenir compte de l'encombrement du robot ainsi que de sa contrainte cinematique de non-holonomie representee par un rayon minimum de braquage. Les obstacles sont modelises par des polygones materialisant la projection de l'environnement sur un sol plan. De plus, une etude sur la dynamique des robots mobiles montre l'interet d'avoir sur une trajectoire une variation lineaire de la courbure. Ce probleme est aborde par l'utilisation d'arcs de clothoide discretises. La methode de generation de trajectoires presentee gere la position des centres de rotation du robot en fonction des obstacles. Une approche globale permet d'obtenir le squelette de la trajectoire par l'intermediaire d'un graphe de visibilite, la partie locale integre les contraintes du robot precedemment definies. Des manuvres simples, complexes et particulieres augmentent les capacites de franchissement du robot a travers les environnements contraints. Des arcs de clothoide sont inseres au sein de la trajectoire grace a une anticipation de leur deplacement equivalent sur la position des centres de rotation
38
Potter, Martin. "Estimating variations between health care centres in the uptake of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) treatment in HIV-HCV co-infected patients." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114160.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of Health Care Centres on uptake of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) treatment in HIV-HCV co-infected patientsBackgroundThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of health care centres on HCV treatment uptake after adjusting for case-mix variables. Methods Using data from the Canadian Co-infection Cohort, we modelled time to HCV treatment uptake using a Bayesian survival analysis model with random intercepts for each of the 16 cohort centres. To take into account variability in patient populations served at each centre (case-mix), models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, HCV genotype; and at cohort enrolment, duration of HCV infection, receipt of combination antiretroviral therapy, history of psychiatric illness ,CD4 cell count, and self-reports of homelessness, use of intravenous drugs, and current use of alcohol. Variation between centres in treatment uptake was estimated and centres ranked according to their rate of starting patients on HCV treatment. Results Among 996 cohort participants, 390 were excluded (past HCV treatment n=170, spontaneous clearance n=50, contribution of only enrolment data n=160 and missing baseline CD4 cell count n=10). Of the remaining 606 participants, 122 started HCV treatment. Patients with more favourable HCV genotypes (2 or 3) were more likely to initiate treatment. Two centres more frequently initiated patients on HCV treatment while one centre did so less often. Conclusions After adjustment for case-mix, there was still appreciable variation in treatment uptake between centres. Determining the factors associated with higher HCV treatment rates at two centres may be informative for improving wider access to HCV treatment for co-infected persons.Objectif: L'objectif de cette étude mieux est de déterminer l'impact que les centres de sante ont sur l'initiation de traitement à l'infection du VHC chez les patients ayant une coïnfection par le VIH, suite à un ajustement des caractéristiques « case-mix ». Méthode: Utilisant les données obtenues de la Cohorte Canadienne de Co-Infection, des analyses de survie, via une méthode bayésienne, furent entamées avec des interceptes aléatoires pour chacun des 16 centres. Afin de prendre en considération les variations entre les centres, les modèles furent ajustés pour les variables « case-mix » : l'âge, genre, ethnicité, génotype VHC; et a l'admission dans la cohorte, durée de l'infection au VHC, prise d'antirétroviraux, antécédents de maladies psychiatriques, taux de CD4, itinérance, usage de drogue intraveineuse, et usage d'alcool. Les différences entre les centres de sante sur les taux d'initiations au traitement du VHC furent déterminées, et les centres furent classés selon leur taux d'initiation de traitement. Résultats: Parmi les 996 participants de la cohorte, 390 furent exclus (traitement du VHC dans le passé n=170, éradication spontanée n=50, contribution d'une seule donnée n= 160, valeur de CD4 manquante n=10). Sur les 606 participants restants, 122 ont débuté un traitement. Les participants ayant un génotype favorable (2 ou 3) étaient plus prédisposés à débuter un traitement. Les participants de deux centres avaient un taux plus élevé de traitement au VHC, tandis qu'un centre avait un taux d'initiation au traitement inférieur. Conclusions: Apres ajustement des variables « case-mix », il demeure une variation appréciable entre les divers centres de santé sur les taux d'initiation au traitement de l'infection au VHC. Déterminer les facteurs associés aux deux centres ayant le plus haut taux d'initiation au traitement pourrait donner une piste permettant d'augmenter l'accessibilité au traitement du VHC pour les gens ayant une coïnfection VIH-VHC.
39
Sabart, Marion. "Variations spatiotemporelles dans la dynamique, la diversité génétique et le potentiel toxique de populations de Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria) dans plusieurs écosystèmes aquatiques du centre de la France." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAMS039.
Full textAbstract:
Les proliférations de cyanobactéries dans les milieux aquatiques continentaux représentent un problème environnemental, économique et sanitaire, notamment à cause de la capacité de certains genres à produire des toxines. En étudiant les variations spatio-temporelles de la diversité génétique et du potentiel toxique de populations de la cyanobactérie hépatotoxique Microcystis dans différents types d'écosystèmes aquatiques (retenues, étangs, fleuve) situés dans une même aire géographique, nous avons montré une structuration génétique des populations ainsi que d'importantes différences du potentiel toxique de ces proliférations. L'étude des variations de la structure en taille des colonies de Microcystis et des quotas cellulaires en microcystines en lien avec la stabilité de la colonne d'eau ont suggéré l'importance des colonies de petite taille dans le maintien des populations ainsi que dans la production de microcystinesProliferations of cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems are a source of growing concern because they lead to ecological disturbances and the toxins they produce constitute health risks for animals and human beings. By studying the spatiotemporal variations in genetic diversity and toxic potential of several populations of the hepatotoxic cyanobacterium Microcystis in different kind of freshwater ecosystems located in the same geographical area, we evidenced a genetic structuration of the populations, and great differences in the proportion of potentially microcystinproducing genotypes in these populations. The temporal variations in the population size structure and in the microcystin cellular quotas related to the stability of the water column suggested the importance of small Microcystis colonies in sustaining the populations in unfavourable conditions for growth and also in microcystin production
40
Karsten, Jill Leslie. "Spatial and temporal variations in the petrology, morphology and tectonics of a migrating spreading center : the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11013.
Full text
41
Millon, Alexandre. "Influence de la variation cyclique des proies sur un prédateur : approches individuelle et populationnelle du système Busard cendré / Campagnol des champs." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066476.
Full text
42
Leoue, Jean Gilbert. "Semantique Et Grammaticalisation De 'Do' En Anglais: Approche Contrastive (The Semantax And Grammaticalization Of 'Do' In English: A Contrastive Study)." Diss., Université Paris III - Sorbonne Nouvelle, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71565.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this contrastive study is fourfold: (a) it takes into account the inference of languages in contact in the diachronic development of English language; and it builds up a hypothesis on the origin of periphrastic DO; (b) this study lays its foundations on established facts from diachrony and etymology to claim that the grammaticalization of DO did not entail any process of desemantisation; (c) it also resorts to an invariant-meaning approach to show that the auxiliary DO – just like its lexical counterpart – is not meaningless in natural language; (d) it carries out a critical analysis of current trends on either a binary categorization or a ternary categorization for DO-forms (lexical verb (vs. proverb) vs. auxiliary). Then, this study shows that the proform DO SO can indeed substitute for purely stative predicates; and, as an operator of ‘thesis’, DO has an enunciative function which accounts for its occurrences as well as its non-occurrences in the linear structuring.
43
Cushman, Buffy Jolene. "Plume-ridge interaction along the Galapagos spreading center, 90 30'W to 98 W: a hydrous melting model to explain variations in observed glass compositions." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6996.
Full textAbstract:
The Galapagos Spreading Center (GSC) between 90°30'W and 98°W shows manifestations of its interaction with the nearby Galapagos plume by way of variations in lava geochemistry, crustal thickness, and morphology along the ridge axis. Rock samples with an average spacing of ~9 km were analyzed for major elements and dissolved H2O. Samples were classified as E-MORBs, T-MORBs, or N-MORBs based on K/Ti ratios. E-MORBs dominate the GSC east of 92.6°W. T-MORBs are mainly found between 92.6°W and 95.5°W. West of the propagating rift tip at 95.5°W, N-MORBs dominate. High K/Ti EMORBs are also characterized by higher H2O, Al2O3, and Na2O, and lower FeO*, SiO2, and CaO/Al2O3 relative to N-MORB at similar values of MgO. These compositional characteristics are consistent with lower mean extents of partial melting relative to NMORB. We developed a melting equation to assess the change in lava composition and mean fraction of partial melting (F) produced by contributions from the zone of hydrous melting whose presence is caused by the depression of the mantle solidus by H2O. We use our hydrous melting equation to model the source composition, the depth of the additional hydrous melting zone, the productivity in the hydrous region, and the upwelling rate that may combine to match our measured crustal thickness values and concentrations of K, Na2O, H2O, and Ti in lavas from the GSC. Model results indicate that GSC N-MORBs were created by F ~0.06 from a source with ~34±1 ppm K, 133±3 ppm H2O, 2250±50 ppm Na2O, and 1050±25 ppm Ti. E-MORB values can be predicted in a number of ways. Higher upwelling rates in the E-MORB region require less source enrichment than low upwelling rates. Upwelling rate has the strongest effect on F . The crustal thickness and glass compositional variations in the "enriched" region of the GSC can best be explained by only a slight increase in the temperature of the mantle (11±11°C), coupled with a moderately enriched mantle source and upwelling of 1.5-3.5 times passive upwelling rates. The transitional region requires only slight upwelling (UwUo =1.5) and a source enriched only in K.vii, 74 leaves
44
Mangabeira, Andréa Burgos de Azevedo. "Variação na concordância nominal, prática social e identidade entre jovens e adultos do Centro do Trabalhador (Porto Alegre – RS)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/182975.
Full textAbstract:
Com base no conceito de identidades de participação em comunidades de prática (LAVE e WENGER, 1991; WENGER, 1998) e dos pressupostos teóricometodológicos da terceira onda nos estudos de variação, foi realizada nesta tese uma análise que conjugou métodos quantitativos e qualitativos de pesquisa para compreender como o uso variável da concordância nominal de número se relaciona com as identidades locais de Jovens e Adultos no Centro do Trabalhador em Porto Alegre. A pesquisa relatada nesta tese teve como objetivo aprofundar em dois sentidos os resultados encontrados na pesquisa de mestrado apresentada em Mangabeira (2012). Nesse trabalho, as categorias sociais de Jovens e Adultos (baseadas, mas não determinadas pela idade dos participantes) emergiram como modos de afiliação a comunidades de prática locais no Centro do Trabalhador (escola municipal de Educação de Jovens e Adultos em Porto Alegre - RS), por meio da análise de dados de cunho etnográfico; além disso, as frequências brutas de aplicação da concordância nominal na fala dos participantes apontaram para uma possível correlação dessas categorias locais com a concordância como recurso simbólico, e com identidades de gênero. Partindo dessas categorias (tomadas aqui como comunidades de práticas escolares), esta pesquisa analisou entrevistas com 16 participantes, para compreender melhor como os participantes da pesquisa constituem suas identidades discursivas (BAMBERG, DE FINA e SCHIFFRIN, 2011) em narrativas ocasionadas por entrevistas sociolinguísticas, especialmente em relação a suas identidades de gênero, associadas às categorias locais de Jovens e Adultos. Além disso, foi feita uma análise multivariada (atomística e não-atomística) da fala desses participantes, utilizando-se os softwares GOLDVARB e RBRUL, com vistas a estabelecer correlações estatísticas entre os resultados qualitativos da pesquisa e o uso variável da concordância nominal, bem como compreender melhor os contextos linguísticos que favorecem ou desfavorecem a aplicação da marca de plural. O resultado da análise qualitativa do conteúdo das narrativas mostrou que as identidades de gênero dos participantes são relevantes para a construção de suas identidades de Jovens e Adultos. Esse resultado também se confirmou do ponto de vista linguístico, uma vez que o uso variável da concordância nominal correlaciona-se estatisticamente, neste lugar, com essas categorias e com categorias de gênero: a aplicação da marca de plural é favorecida por mulheres e Adultos no Centro do Trabalhador. Os resultados mostraram também que, em relação aos contextos linguísticos, a aplicação da marca é favorecida pela saliência fônica, pela presença de marcas precedentes e pelas posições pré-nucleares do sintagma nominal, como apontaram estudos anteriores sobre essa variável no português brasileiro, como Scherre (1988). Por fim, a análise global dos resultados mostrou que o uso variável da concordância nominal é uma prática social (ECKERT, 2000a) no Centro do Trabalhador.Based on the concept of participation identities in communities of practice (LAVE and WENGER, 1991; WENGER, 1998) and the theoretical and methodological postulates of the third wave in variation studies, an analysis was undertaken on this thesis, which conjugated quantitative and qualitative methods of research to understand how the variable use of number nominal agreement in the noun phrase correlates to the local identities of young and adults at Centro do Trabalhador in Porto Alegre. The research reported on this thesis aimed at deepening the results found on the master's research presented in Mangabeira (2012) in two directions. In this work, the social categories of young and adults (based on, but not determined by the age of the participants) have emerged as modes of affiliation to local communities of practice at Centro do Trabalhador (public school for young and adults, in Porto Alegre – RS), through ethnographic data analysis; furthermore, the high frequencies of application of nominal agreement in the participants' speech have pointed to a possible correlation of those local categories with nominal agreement as a symbolic resource, and to gender identities. Grounded on those categories (considered here as school communities of practice), this research has analyzed interviews with 16 participants, to better understand how the research participants constitute their discursive identities (BAMBERG, DE FINA and SCHIFFRIN, 2011) in narratives occasioned by sociolinguistic interviews, especially in relation to their gender identities, related to the local categories of young and adults. Besides, a multivariate analysis (atomistic and non-atomistic) of these participants’ speech has been performed, using the software GOLDVARB and RBRUL, in order to establish statistical correlations between the qualitative results of the research and the variable use of nominal agreement, as well as to better understand the linguistic contexts that favor or disfavor the application of the plural mark. The outcome of the quantitative analysis of the narratives has evidenced that the participants’ gender identities are relevant for the construction of their identities as young and adults. That result has also been confirmed from a linguistic point of view, once the variable use of nominal agreement correlates statistically, at Centro do Trabalhador, with those categories and gender categories: the application of the plural mark is favored by women and adults at Centro do Trabalhador. The results have also shown that, regarding the linguistic contexts, the application of the plural mark is favored by phonic salience, by the presence of precedent marks and by the prenuclear positions of the noun phrase, as previous studies had pointed out about this variable in Brazilian Portuguese, like Scherre (1988). The global analysis has also shown that the variable use of nominal agreement is a social practice (ECKERT, 2000a) at Centro do Trabalhador.
45
Oder, Stephen, Gelais Robert St, Peter Caron, and Douglas Bajgot. "Development of a Digital Potentiometer Circuit for Digital Compensation of Frequency and Temperature Variations of Kvco to Provide Reprogramming of the Transmitter RF Center Frequency in the Field." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579704.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2013 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Ninth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 21-24, 2013 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NVCobham Electronic Systems, Inc. has developed a digital potentiometer circuit to allow for digital compensation of frequency and temperature variations in the VCO/PLL frequency control loop of a telemetry transmitter. The ability to reprogram the RF center frequency of a telemetry transmitter is a useful feature and is required on many telemetry programs. When setting the frequency modulation deviation (FM Modulation Index) of a telemetry transmitter, the exact setting will change with RF center frequency due to the variation of the transfer function of the VCO (Kvco). Typically, a resistor divider is used to set the frequency modulation deviation level by setting the output data signal amplitude. However, since Kvco varies with respect to RF center frequency, a method of adjusting frequency modulation deviation for each frequency setting is required. The shunt resistor in the resistor divider is replaced with a digital potentiometer to provide the necessary adjustment, using the on-board microprocessor to store a look-up table of settings versus frequency. A key feature of the digital potentiometer circuit is a method to increase the frequency bandwidth of the potentiometer. Digital potentiometers typically have frequency bandwidths measured in kiloHertz to MegaHertz, which limits their use in setting the frequency modulation deviation of high data rate telemetry transmitters. The circuit consists of a 256 position digital potentiometer and several resistors that are used to adjust the slope of the resistance vs. digital code curve and to translate the curve up and down along the Y-Axis. Adding external resistors to the digital potentiometer helps to increase the frequency bandwidth of the digital potentiometer. The selection of the maximum resistance range of the digital potentiometer is also important, as the potentiometer bandwidth is greater when a small portion of the total resistance is used. This paper will explore various methods of increasing the effective bandwidth of a digital potentiometer, with the goal of making them suitable for use in dynamically setting the frequency modulation deviation via digital control.
46
Bergeron, Cindy. "Les pratiques préventives d’hommes de quartiers moins bien nantis en contexte de réadaptation cardiaque." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22826.
Full textAbstract:
Les inégalités sociales de santé au sein des grandes agglomérations urbaines ont été largement documentées et sont encore aujourd'hui un problème de santé publique majeur au Québec. Des études épidémiologiques ont déterminé que les taux de mortalité associés aux maladies cardiovasculaires, notamment chez les groupes socioéconomiquement défavorisés (SÉD), en seraient largement responsables. Dans le but d’améliorer la santé des populations cardiaques, de nombreuses stratégies en réadaptation cardiaque (RC) ont été mises sur place par les institutions de santé. Si les effets bénéfiques de ces mesures ont été largement documentés, peu d’entre elles se sont penchées sur les populations moins bien nanties. Pourtant, leur participation aux programmes de réadaptation cardiaque est très faible. Cette étude qualitative vise à élargir la base des connaissances en promotion de la santé en établissant des liens entre la pauvreté et les pratiques préventives. Elle vise à combler le manque d’information à l’égard des pratiques de réadaptation cardiaque d’hommes de milieux SÉD, afin de déterminer les facteurs qui peuvent les inciter à opter pour un programme de réadaptation cardiaque. En employant l’approche socioculturelle de Pierre Bourdieu, cette thèse se penche sur les composantes du rapport au corps qui exercent une influence sur la participation aux programmes de réadaptation cardiaque. Des entrevues de type semi-structurées ont été effectuées auprès de 60 hommes francophones (âge moyen: 58,5 ans) de l’Outaouais urbain, ayant subi un incident cardiovasculaire nécessitant une intervention médicale et étant considérés « autonomes » selon les normes du Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec.Les résultats de cette thèse sont présentés sous deux études. La première traite de l’impact de la pauvreté sur les pratiques préventives d’hommes SÉD aux prises avec une maladie cardiaque (MC), et la deuxième se penche plutôt sur la variation sociale de la réadaptation cardiaque entre deux classes sociales distinctes (classes moyennes et SÉD). De manière générale, les résultats présentent clairement la faible disposition des hommes moins bien nantis à adopter des pratiques préventives et à participer à un programme de réadaptation cardiaque. La comparaison entre les deux classes socioéconomiques suggère que plus le revenu et la scolarité d’un individu sont élevés, plus son style de vie sera conforme aux normes de la santé publique, et plus il sera disposé à adopter des pratiques préventives dans le but d’améliorer sa santé après un incident cardiaque. Les résultats de cette étude permettent de mieux adapter les programmes destinés aux hommes SÉD qui sont durement touchés par les problèmes cardiovasculaires, et favorisent une meilleure compréhension de leurs expériences de vie afin de répondre plus adéquatement à leurs besoins sur le plan des programmes de prévention secondaire.
47
Bystedt, Marie-Therese. "Samverkan mellan aktörer med avseende på livskvalitet och delaktighet för vuxna med funktionsvariationer boende på LSS-gruppbostäder." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kvalitets- och maskinteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36972.
Full textAbstract:
Fungerande samverkan i samhället mellan olika aktörer är något som medborgarna förväntar sig. Ett exempel är vid bilolyckor med samverkan mellan blåljusmyndigheter. För särskilt utsatta grupper i samhället med många aktörer är inte samverkan mellan aktörerna självklara även om medborgarna får hjälp- och stödinsatser. Denna studie kartlägger samverkan mellan aktuella aktörer genom enkätsvar och semistrukturerade intervjuer, utifrån dimensionerna samverkan, delaktighet och kunden i centrum. En triangulering har använts där förutom enkät och semi-strukturerade intervjuer även dokumentanalys gjorts, där framkommer faktorer som visar den komplexa bilden av att samordna och kommunicera kring medborgaren med många aktörer. Resultatet visar att kommunikation och nätverksträffar med tydliga uppdrag och styrningar kan ge en samsyn kring medborgaren, dennes behov och livskvalitet vilket visar sig vara framgångsfaktorer för en fungerande samverkan. Men då det är många aktörer och olika huvudmän är det komplext att få en samlad bild och hitta former för hur kommunikation och samverkan bäst sker.A well functioning collaboration between actors in society is expected by the citizens. One example is a caraccident where ambulance, firebrigade and police cooperate. For particularly vulnerable groups in society with many actors, the interaction between the actors is not obvious even if the citizens receive help and support efforts. This study charts the interaction between current actors through questionnaire responses and semi-structured interviews, based on the dimensions of collaboration, participation and the customer in the center. Triangulation of data was performed to identify factors associated with the complexity of coordinating and communicating services to meet the needs of citizens. The result shows that communication and networking with clear assignments and controls can give a consensus on the citizen, his needs and quality of life, which proves to be success factors for a functioning collaboration. But since there are many players, it is complex to get an overall picture and find forms for how communication and collaboration work best.
2019-06-27
48
Houssard, Patrick. "Variations des concentrations en mercure dans les réseaux trophiques marins de l'Océan Pacifique Sud : état des lieux, caractérisation des sources et relations avec la dynamique trophique et physique du milieu." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NCAL0001/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le mercure est un métal présent naturellement dans l’environnement qui a la particularité, sous sa forme organique (le monométhylmercure; MMHg), de se bioaccumuler dans les organismes et de se bioamplifier le long des chaînes alimentaires. Depuis la prise de conscience de la toxicité du MMHg, les travaux se sont multipliés pour comprendre où et comment le MMHg est produit puis incorporé dans les réseaux trophiques marins. Les réponses à ces questions sont primordiales afin d’anticiper le devenir du MMHg dans les espèces commercialisées dans un contexte d’augmentation des émissions de mercure et de changement climatique.Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans cette démarche en étudiant les variations spatiales de mercure total contenu dans le muscle de trois espèces de thons: les thons obèses, germons et jaunes, capturés dans le Pacifique sud. Une tendance spatiale similaire a été observée pour les trois espèces avec des concentrations plus élevées dans la zone sud-ouest par rapport à la zone ouest-équatoriale. Ce patron semble être en partie expliqué par des modifications de l’alimentation des espèces en lien avec la structure thermique de la colonne d’eau. La combinaison de mesures des isotopes stables de l’azote et de marqueurs électroniques ont permis de mettre en évidence un approfondissement de l’habitat vertical des thons obèses vers la Nouvelle-Calédonie, leur permettant de se nourrir sur des proies profondes probablement plus concentrées en MMHg. De plus, les profils de MMHg dissous de la partie sud-ouest Pacifique suggèrent une plus forte production de MMHg dans la zone épipélagique augmentant la biodisponibilité du MMHg à la base des chaînes alimentaires pélagiquesMercury is a naturally distributed heavy metal which is characterized, under its organic form (monomethylmercury; MMHg), by its bioaccumulation in living organisms and its biomagnifications along food chains. Since the awareness of MMHg neurotoxicity, lots of research works have focused on understanding where and how MMHg is formed and transmited to marine food webs. Those questions are keys in order to anticipate how MMHg, in commercially fish species, will respond in a context of increasing mercury emissions and climate change.This work is part of this approach by studying total mercury spatial variations from muscle tissue of three tuna species: bigeye, albacore and yellowfin tuna, captured within the south Pacific Ocean. Every tuna species demonstrated a consistent and similar spatial trend, with higher total mercury concentrations in the southwest and lower concentrations in the western equatorial Pacific. This spatial trend seems to be in accordance with varying tuna diet linked to the thermal features of the water column. By combining archival tagging data and nitrogen stable isotope analysis, we showed that the deepening of bigeye tuna vertical habitat around New Caledonia might allow them to forage on deeper and MMHg enriched preys. Additionnaly, dissolved MMHg profiles in the southwest Pacific suggest higher methylation processes in the epipelagic zone leading, possibly, to higher MMHg bioavailability for marine food chains.This study highlighted the key role of tuna trophic ecology and particularly foraging depth in their MMHg exposure. Those features have to be considered in future studies evaluating food webs contamination at a spatial or temporal scale
49
Crawford, Justin Luvene. "Impacts of Station Dependent Error Sources on the Implementation of the National Height Modernization Program." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1385972294.
Full text
50
Dur, Gaël. "Study of two brackish copepod species from contrasted environments through multi-scale approach : from ethology to population dynamic." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10081.
Full textAbstract:
Les copépodes calanoides Eurytemora affinis et Pseudodiaptomnus annandalei sont des espèces dominant respectivement les communautés zooplanctoniques des estuaires tempérés et tropicaux. Ces deux espèces, bien qu’issues de milieux contrastés, présentent de nombreuses similitudes. Cependant leur comportement n’a été que peu étudié. L’approche multi-échelle utilisée au cours de cette thèse pour étudier ces deux espèces combine des analyses empiriques du comportement des copépodes à l’échelle de l’individu avec la modélisation individu-centré. La partie consacrée à la petite échelle nous a permis d’explorer comment les stades adultes des deux espèces nagent et s’accouplent. Ces différents processus ont été appréhendés en laboratoire via des techniques d’enregistrement vidéo en deux et trois dimensions. Avec l’approche de modélisation individu-centré, nous avons dans un premier temps développé un modèle constituant une représentation réaliste du processus de reproduction chez les espèces de copépode portant leurs œufs. Ce modèle a ensuite été intégré dans un modèle reproduisant le cycle de vie complet permettant de simuler le développement sur plusieurs générations à température constantes. A l’aide du modèle consacré à la reproduction, nous avons montré comment un processus observé à l’échelle de l’individu, i.e. la sélection des mâles par les femelles, peut affecter la production moyenne de la population. Enfin, l’intégration dans le modèle cycle de vie de l’effet de la variation de température et d’une variation saisonnière de la survie des stades adultes et larvaires nous a permis de simuler la dynamique de population d’E.affinis sur plusieurs annéesThe calanoid copepods Eurytemora affinis and Pseudodiaptomus annandalei are among the most dominant zooplankton species in respectively temperate and sub-tropical/tropical estuaries. Both species, while from contrasted environment, exhibit lots of similarity However their behaviour is scarcely studied. The multi-scale approach applied along this thesis for the study of these two species combined empirical analysis of copepod behavior with individual based modeling. The part of the thesis dedicated to small scales studies lead to the description of how the reproductive stages of these two species swim, mate and reproduce. These different processes were grasped throughout two or three dimensional filming experiments conducted in laboratory. Through the individual-based modeling approach, we first developed an individual-based model which constitutes a realistic representation of the reproduction process in egg-carrying copepods. This model was subsequently integrated into a model that represent the entire life cycle of such copepods allowing the simulation of the development of several generations for constant temperature conditions. With the model dedicated to reproduction, we showed how a process observed at the individual scale, i.e., the female mate selection, may affect the mean production of the population. Finally, the integration of the effect of temperature variation on development and reproduction as well as a seasonal variation of adults and nauplii survival in the model representing the life cycle lead to the simulation of the population dynamic of E. affinis over several years