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Journal articles on the topic 'Centric fusion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 7 July 2025

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Davies, P. A., M. A. Pallotta, and C. J. Driscoll. "Centric fusion between nonhomologous rye chromosomes in wheat." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 27, no. 6 (1985): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g85-094.

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The frequency of centric fusion has been compared in three wheat–rye double monosomic addition lines. In one plant, designated plant A, both monosomes were bibrachial. In the second plant, B, one monosome was bibrachial and one telocentric. In the remaining plant, C, both monosomes were telocentric. Rye centric fusion chromosomes were identified in the progeny by C-banding mitotic root-tip chromosomes and electrophoresis of endosperm storage protein. Four of 97 analyzed progeny of plant A and 4 of 96 analyzed progeny of plant B possessed centric fusion chromosomes. In contrast, none of the 492 progeny of plant C possessed centric fusion chromosomes. The data indicate that at least one bibrachial monosome is necessary for the efficient production of centric fusion chromosomes.Key words: centric fusion, centromeric misdivision, monosomes.

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Weber, Alvin F., Lance C. Buoen, Tingqing Zhang, and George R. Ruth. "Prevalence of the 14/20 centric fusion chromosomal aberration in US Simmental cattle." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 200, no. 9 (1992): 1216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1992.200.09.1216.

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Summary Cytogenetic evaluation was made on 353 Simmental cattle (166 male, 187 female) from 113 herds in 26 states. One hundred thirty-eight (39%) were found to be heterozygous-positive for the 14/20 centric fusion chromosomal translocation, including 41 (25%) males and 91 (52%) females. One submitted heparinized blood sample from a Simbrah bull was found to be positive for 14/20 and 1/29 centric fusions. Sampling, which was based on requests, was highly selective. Thus, the 39% prevalence found was not representative of 14/20 centric fusion in the national Simmental breed. On the basis of our findings, cytogenetic evaluation of breeding stock was consistent with modern management practice.

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Cherezov, Roman O., Julia E. Vorontsova, and Olga B. Simonova. "TBP-Related Factor 2 as a Trigger for Robertsonian Translocations and Speciation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (2020): 8871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228871.

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Robertsonian (centric-fusion) translocation is the form of chromosomal translocation in which two long arms of acrocentric chromosomes are fused to form one metacentric. These translocations reduce the number of chromosomes while preserving existing genes and are considered to contribute to speciation. We asked whether hypomorphic mutations in genes that disrupt the formation of pericentromeric regions could lead to centric fusion. TBP-related factor 2 (Trf2) encodes an alternative general transcription factor. A decrease of TRF2 expression disrupts the structure of the pericentromeric regions and prevents their association into chromocenter. We revealed several centric fusions in two lines of Drosophila melanogaster with weak Trf2 alleles in genetic experiments. We performed an RNAi-mediated knock-down of Trf2 in Drosophila and S2 cells and demonstrated that Trf2 upregulates expression of D1—one of the major genes responsible for chromocenter formation and nuclear integrity in Drosophila. Our data, for the first time, indicate that Trf2 may be involved in transcription program responsible for structuring of pericentromeric regions and may contribute to new karyotypes formation in particular by promoting centric fusion. Insight into the molecular mechanisms of Trf2 function and its new targets in different tissues will contribute to our understanding of its phenomenon.

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Farkas, András, István Molnár, Sándor Dulai, et al. "Increased micronutrient content (Zn, Mn) in the 3Mb(4B) wheat –Aegilops biuncialissubstitution and 3Mb.4BS translocation identified by GISH and FISH." Genome 57, no. 2 (2014): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2013-0204.

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3MbTriticum aestivum L. (Mv9kr1) – Aegilops biuncialis Vis. (MvGB642) addition lines were crossed with the Chinese Spring ph1b mutant genotype (CSph1b) to produce 3Mb–wheat chromosome rearrangements. In the F3generation, 3Mb(4B) substitution lines and 3Mb.4BS centric fusions were identified with in situ hybridization using repetitive and genomic DNA probes, and with SSR markers. Grain micronutrient analysis showed that the investigated Ae. biuncialis accession MvGB382 and the parental line MvGB642 are suitable gene sources for improving the grain micronutrient content of wheat, as they have higher K, Zn, Fe, and Mn contents. The results suggested that the Ae. biuncialis chromosome 3Mbcarries genes determining the grain micronutrient content, as the 3Mb.4BS centric fusion had significantly higher Zn and Mn contents compared with the recipient wheat cultivar. As yield-related traits, such as the number of tillers, the length of main spike, and spikelets per main spike, were similar in the 3Mb.4BS centric fusion and the parental wheat genotype, it can be concluded that this line could be used in pre-breeding programs aimed at enriching elite wheat cultivars with essential micronutrients.

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Yoshimoto, M., A. M. Joshua, S. Chilton-Macneill, et al. "Detection of novel variant TMPRSS2 /ERG fusion transcripts suggests independent genomic alterations may underlie origin of multi-centric prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 10029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.10029.

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10029 Background: Most of the early successes in identifying chromosomal translocations in neoplasias came from the study of hematological malignancies and sarcomas, with limited evidence that consistent genomic rearrangements were present in epithelial malignancies. Recently it was reported that ∼75% of prostate cancers carry a genomic rearrangement leading to fusion of the TMPRSS2 locus to either the ERG or ETV1 genes (both ETS transcription factors). In the fusion gene, the androgen-sensitive promoter elements of TMPRSS2 are thought to mediate over-expression of these ETS transcription factors. Over-activity of the ETS family of transcription factors has been suggested to be involved in the transition from pre-neoplasia to carcinoma as they regulate genes involved in processes such as adhesion, motility, invasion and angiogenesis. Methods: Using both RT-PCR and FISH with published primers and BACs respectively we analyzed 15 samples of prostatic carcinoma from radical prostatectomies and sequenced a subset of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusions. Results: We have found ERG-TMPRSS2 fusion transcripts in 6 samples and no ETV1-TMPRSS2 fusions. Of the 6 fusion tumours, 5 were Gleason 7 and 1 was Gleason 9. Tumour stages ranged from T2a-T3b. One sample with multi-centric carcinoma exhibited 2 distinct in-frame rearrangements generating novel TMPRSS2 /ERG fusion transcripts. Variant I TMPRSS2/ERG transcript was 430 bp and it led to fusion of exons 1 and 2 of the TMPRSS2 gene with exons 5 and 6 of the ERG gene. Variant II TMPRSS2/ERG fusion transcript was slightly smaller at 350 bp and it led to fusion of exon 1 of the TMPRSS2 gene to exons 5 and 6 of the ERG gene. These novel transcripts appear to be smaller than the published fusion proteins but preliminary analysis suggests that all known regulatory and functional protein domains are maintained. Conclusions: The demonstration of two new TMPRSS2/ERG variant fusion transcripts in prostate cancer deserves further study to evaluate their functional impact and prognostic and pathological importance. Moreover the presence of two distinct transcripts within a single multi-centric tumor provides genomic evidence that independent clonal neoplasms can arise synchronously in prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Sangines, N., and M. Aguilera. "Chromosome polymorphism in Holochilus venezuelae (Rodentia: Cricetidae): C- and G-bands." Genome 34, no. 1 (1991): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-003.

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Karyological analysis of C- and G-banding patterns of 44 specimens of Holochilus venezuelae revealed six distinct karyomorphs, which were designated as follows: I (2n = 44; fundamental number (FN) = 56); II (2n = 45; FN = 58); IV (2n = 43; FN = 56);V(2n = 44; FN = 58); IV-a(2n = 42; FN = 56); and V-a (2n = 44; FN = 58). This chromosomal polymorphism is interpreted as the result of (i) one or two Robertsonian changes of the centric-fusion type, originating from one member of chromosome pair 10 and one of pair 11 (in karyotypes IV and V) and two metacentric chromosomes from pairs 10 and 11 (in karyotype IV-a); (ii) one pericentric inversion (in karyotype V-a) forming one submetacentric chromosome from the metacentric fusion product described above; and (iii) the presence of B chromosomes, which are almost completely heterochromatic and do not pair with any member of group A. The pattern of C-banding reveals that the first five pairs of metacentric chromosomes contain very little centromeric heterochromatin, while pair 6 and the fusion chromosomes (10/11 F) present a thick band. Extensive homology was found between G-banding patterns of Holochilus brasiliensis from Brazil and H. venezuelae. These facts support the hypothesis of a karyotypic evolution via centric fusions previously proposed for this genus.Key words: accessory chromosome, C- and G-banding, polymorphism, Holochilus venezuelae.

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Researcher. "REALIZING HUMAN-CENTRIC KNOWLEDGE INTERACTION IN WEB INTELLIGENCE THROUGH EXPLAINABLE AND ADAPTIVE AI MODELS." International Journal of Knowledge and Web Intelligence (IJKWI) 2, no. 1 (2025): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14744212.

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The fusion of Web Intelligence (WI) with explainable and adaptive AI models has the potential to revolutionize human-centric knowledge interaction. This paper explores the conceptual framework, historical advancements, and modern methodologies that underpin this synergy. We also propose future directions for integrating human-centric principles into adaptive AI systems, emphasizing explainability, usability, and ethical alignment to foster trust in Web Intelligence.

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Lukaszewski, Adam J. "Construction of midget chromosomes in wheat." Genome 40, no. 4 (1997): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-074.

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To test the usefulness of breakage–fusion–bridge (BFB) cycles in generating new chromosome aberrations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and to extend the range of aberrations available, a series of midget chromosomes was produced from the long arm of chromosome 1B. Using a reverse tandem duplication initiated chromatid type BFB cycle, the 1BL arm was broken and fused with centromeres of either chromosome 5BL or 1RS to form dicentric chromosomes. The 1R and 5B centromeres were broken by centric misdivision. Among the progenies of plants with dicentric chromosomes, two classes of monocentric chromosomes were selected: deficient chromosomes 1B and chromosomes that had 1RS or 5BL for one arm and various fragments of 1BL for the other arm. Following centric misdivision of these monocentrics, midget chromosomes 1BL were isolated: deficient and deletion telocentrics and telocentrics derived from interstitial regions of 1BL. By chance, one deficient chromosome 1BS and one deletion chromosome 1BS were identified in unrelated lines of the same wheat. Following centric misdivision of these chromosomes, two midget chromosomes covering the whole of 1BS were added to the set.Key words: breakage–fusion–bridge cycle, centric misdivision, chromosome aberrations.

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Long, S. "Centric fusion translocations in cattle: a review." Veterinary Record 116, no. 19 (1985): 516–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.116.19.516.

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Li, Wangyan, Yuru Hu, Lifeng Wu, Guoliang Wei, and Fuwen Yang. "Chernoff fusion using observability Gramian-centric weighting." Information Sciences 662 (March 2024): 120280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2024.120280.

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Jiang, DaYou, and Jongweon Kim. "Image Retrieval Method Based on Image Feature Fusion and Discrete Cosine Transform." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (2021): 5701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125701.

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This paper presents a new content-based image retrieval (CBIR) method based on image feature fusion. The deep features are extracted from object-centric and place-centric deep networks. The discrete cosine transform (DCT) solves the strong correlation of deep features and reduces dimensions. The shallow features are extracted from a Quantized Uniform Local Binary Pattern (ULBP), hue-saturation-value (HSV) histogram, and dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT). Singular value decomposition (SVD) is applied to reduce the dimensions of ULBP and DTCWT features. The experimental results tested on Corel datasets and the Oxford building dataset show that the proposed method based on shallow features fusion can significantly improve performance compared to using a single type of shallow feature. The proposed method based on deep features fusion can slightly improve performance compared to using a single type of deep feature. This paper also tests variable factors that affect image retrieval performance, such as using principal component analysis (PCA) instead of DCT. The DCT can be used for dimensional feature reduction without losing too much performance.

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Lukaszewski, Adam J. "Reconstruction in wheat of complete chromosomes 1B and 1R from the 1RS.1BL translocation of 'Kavkaz' origin." Genome 36, no. 5 (1993): 821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g93-109.

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Translocation 1RS.1BL originally from the 'Aurora' and 'Kavkaz' wheats has spread to bread wheats all over the world. It offers several resistance genes and appears to significantly increase yields. For future study of the arm location of the yield-increasing factors, complete chromosomes 1B and 1R were reconstructed from the 1RS.1BL translocation. This was accomplished by centric misdivision and fusion in double monosomies 20 II + 1RS.1BL I + 1BS.1RL I. The frequency of misdivision and misdivision–fusion of the two unpaired chromosomes was 23.1%, which was much higher than expected but comparable with that observed in other stocks grown under similar conditions. Transmission of the reconstructed chromosomes to progeny was normal. In addition to all possible misdivision and misdivision–fusion products, two chromosomes of ambiguous origin were recovered: chromosome 1B with a proximal insert of about 40% of 1RS and chromosome 1R with a proximal insert of about 30% of 1BS. The study demonstrates that centric translocations can misdivide and fuse again to produce stable chromosomes with new arm combinations.Key words: wheat, 1RS.1BL translocation, misdivision.

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Rowell, D. M. "Chromosomal fusion and meiotic behaviour in Delena cancerides (Araneae: Sparassidae). I. Chromosome pairing and X-chromosome segregation." Genome 34, no. 4 (1991): 561–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-086.

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Surface spreading of meiotic material in Delena cancerides indicates that pairing initiation among metacentric chromosomes with monobrachial homology differs from that of telocentric forms and free metacentric bivalents and results in a star-shaped structure at pachytene. Distance cosegregation of the three X chromosomes in ancestral, telocentric forms is prefaced by a centric association early in prophase I. This centric association of the X chromosomes is conserved in metacentric races despite the presence of an X-autosome fusion.Key words: synaptonemal complex, translocation heterozygote, X chromosome, spider.

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Krikushenko, Mikhail V. "A HYBRID APPROACH TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC AUTHORITIES BASED ON A CUSTOMERCENTERED APPROACH AND AGILE METHODOLOGY." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2/9, no. 155 (2025): 33–38. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2025.02.09.004.

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Currently, there is an active development of project management in government bodies. Particular attention is paid to the use of project management tools. The article reveals the problem of applying project management methods and its solution through the implementation of a hybrid approach to project management in the public sphere. Two approaches to project management are analyzed: a client-centric approach and the Agile methodology. In the study of the client-centric approach and the Agile methodology, the advantages of applying project management methods in the public administration system in Russia are identified. The value of introducing innovations and forming a culture in which each decision is consistent with increasing customer satisfaction is emphasized. In conclusion, the author proposes the use of a hybrid approach based on the fusion of the client-centric approach and the Agile methodology for the effective functioning of government bodies in the project environment.

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Kingswood, SC, AT Kumamoto, SJ Charter, RA Aman, and OA Ryder. "Brief communication. Centric fusion polymorphisms in waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus)." Journal of Heredity 89, no. 1 (1998): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/89.1.96.

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AMRUD, JON. "CENTRIC FUSION OF CHROMOSOMES IN NORWEGIAN RED CATTLE (NRF)." Hereditas 62, no. 3 (2009): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1969.tb02239.x.

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Iannuzzi, Leopoldo, Teresa Rangel-Figueiredo, Giulia Pia Meo, and Lino Ferrara. "A New Centric Fusion Translocation in Cattle, Rob(16;18)." Hereditas 119, no. 3 (2004): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1993.00239.x.

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Molteni, L., A. Giovanni-Macchi, G. Succi, et al. "A New Centric Fusion Translocation in Cattle: Rob (13;19)." Hereditas 129, no. 2 (2004): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1998.00177.x.

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Pagacova, Eva, Halina Cernohorska, Svatava Kubickova, Jiri Vahala, and Jiri Rubes. "Centric fusion polymorphism in captive animals of family Bovidae." Conservation Genetics 12, no. 1 (2009): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9991-0.

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Schmid, Michael, Claus Steinlein, and Heinz Winking. "Multicolor Spectral Analyses of Mitotic and Meiotic Mouse Chromosomes Involved in Multiple Robertsonian Translocations. II. The NMRI/CD and CD/TA Hybrid Strains." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 151, no. 1 (2017): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000458738.

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Multicolor spectral analyses (spectral karyotyping) were performed on mitotic chromosomes of NMRI, CD, and TA mice and on male meiotic chromosomes (diakineses) of NMRI/CD and CD/TA hybrids. All chromosomes, including the various centric (robertsonian) fusions, could be unequivocally identified. Apart from the robertsonian translocations, which were previously detected by conventional banding analyses, no other interchromosomal rearrangements were found in these mice. In both the CD and TA mice, the autosomes 19 and the XY sex chromosomes are not involved in robertsonian translocations. In diakineses of male meiosis of the NMRI/CD hybrid, the 9 expected trivalents were present, whereas in those of the CD/TA hybrids a stable large meiotic multivalent, formed by 15 robertsonian fusion chromosomes and 2 terminally located normal chromosomes, was observed. The specific sequential order of the robertsonian fusion chromosomes found within this meiotic chain was as theoretically predicted. In the majority of diakineses of the NMRI/CD and CD/TA hybrids, the free autosomal bivalent 19 and the XY sex bivalent formed noticeable tight spatial associations.

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Metwally, Esraa A., Mostafa Refat Ismail, and Ayman A. Farid. "Advancing Building Assessment Tools: Achieving Sustainable Development Goals through the Fusion of Internet of Things Occupant-Centric Principles and Sustainable Practices." Buildings 14, no. 6 (2024): 1798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061798.

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The impact of global climate change on the built environment emphasizes the need for sustainable development goals (SDGs) using technological solutions, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The significance of innovative building assessment (BA) tools plays a pivotal role in bridging the existing gap between the theoretical and actual operational performance of buildings. The main research question is how can a new generation of BA tools leverage the IoT to optimize occupant well-being and achieve SDGs’ targets. This article delves into the pivotal role played by the IoT and occupant-centric concepts in advancing sustainability initiatives and facilitating the achievement of SDGs. The novelty of this paper lies in its exploration of the current state of IoT integration as a strategic imperative for SDGs’ achievement and climate change mitigation. Consequently, a paradigm shift is evident in this work, showcasing a comprehensive comparison between conventional and IoT occupant-centric BA tools and introducing a correlation study between IoT occupant-centric systems and future SDGs’ targets. Lastly, current gaps and valuable insights into future research possibilities are offered.

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Xiang, Xiaojia, Qin Tan, Han Zhou, Dengqing Tang, and Jun Lai. "Multimodal Fusion of Voice and Gesture Data for UAV Control." Drones 6, no. 8 (2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6080201.

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To enable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operators to efficiently and intuitively convey their commands to a swarm of UAVs, we propose the use of natural and human-centric input modalities, such as voices and gestures. This paper addresses the fusion of input modalities such as voice and gesture data, which are captured through a microphone and a Leap Motion controller, respectively, to control UAV swarms. The obtained experimental results are presented, and the achieved performance (accuracy) is analyzed. Finally, combined human factor ergonomics test with a questionnaire to verify the method’s validity.

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Bidau, Claudio J., and Patricia M. Mirol. "Orientation and segregation of Robertsonian trivalents in Dichroplus pratensis (Acrididae)." Genome 30, no. 6 (1988): 947–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g88-151.

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Pairing behavior, metaphase I orientation, and anaphase I segregation of centric fusion trivalents were studied in 26 single, 15 double, and 2 triple male fusion heterozygotes of the polymorphic South American melanopline grasshopper Dichroplus pratensis. They represent the seven different fusions and their combinations already described in different populations of the species. Our analysis showed the following: (1) pairing behavior is very regular in all trivalents; (2) frequencies of linear orientation was very low irrespective of the trivalent involved; (3) reorientation seems to occur frequently since frequencies of abnormal segregation and aneuploid second division cells were invariably lower than those of nonconvergent orientation; (4) aneuploidy and abnormal sperm production increases with increasing number of fusions; (5) chiasma frequency and localisation is relevant to trivalent orientation since trivalents with nonconvergent orientations showed proximal and interstitial chiasmata more frequently than convergently oriented ones. The results are in agreement with the hypothesis that these polymorphisms are old and stable, and confirm that for the maintenance of a balanced polymorphism, if this polymorphism is adaptive because of its consequences on recombination, position effects, etc., changes tending to stabilise trivalent orientation and segregation are central.Key words: Dichrophus pratensis, grasshopper, Robertsonian trivalent, meiotic orientation, meiotic segregation.

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Chen, Zhi Gang, and Xiao Feng Wu. "A Novel Multi-Timescales Layered Intention Recognition Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 4607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.4607.

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Facing asymmetric threats in a network centric environment, modern naval command and control systems confront increasingly demanding challenges in data fusion. It is very important to efficiently and promptly predict the enemy’s or adversary tactical intention from level 2 data fusion. In this paper, a layered intention model is proposed to represent the uncertain elements relating to adversarial intention and their uncertain relations in naval battlefield domain. The main ideal of this paper is to develop a hierarchical Bayesian network based on situation-specific Bayesian network (SSBN) and dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) that can be adapted to cope with the multi-timescales layered intention recognition problem.

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Zhou, Dongqing, Xing Wang, Siyi Cheng, and Xi Zhang. "An Online Multisensor Data Fusion Framework for Radar Emitter Classification." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5372510.

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Radar emitter classification is a special application of data clustering for classifying unknown radar emitters in airborne electronic support system. In this paper, a novel online multisensor data fusion framework is proposed for radar emitter classification under the background of network centric warfare. The framework is composed of local processing and multisensor fusion processing, from which the rough and precise classification results are obtained, respectively. What is more, the proposed algorithm does not need prior knowledge and training process; it can dynamically update the number of the clusters and the cluster centers when new pulses arrive. At last, the experimental results show that the proposed framework is an efficacious way to solve radar emitter classification problem in networked warfare.

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Chang, Zhi, Dexin Zhao, Huilin Chen, Jingdan Li, and Pengfei Liu. "Event-centric multi-modal fusion method for dense video captioning." Neural Networks 146 (February 2022): 120–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2021.11.017.

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De Lorenzi, L., L. Molteni, C. Denis, A. Eggen, and P. Parma. "A new case of centric fusion in cattle: rob(21;23)." Animal Genetics 39, no. 4 (2008): 454–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01731.x.

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Kumamoto, A. T., S. J. Charter, M. L. Houck, and M. Frahm. "Chromosomes ofDamaliscus (Artiodactyla, Bovidae): Simple and complex centric fusion rearrangements." Chromosome Research 4, no. 8 (1996): 614–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02261724.

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Peng, Heng, Xue Gu, Jian Li, Zhaodan Wang, and Hao Xu. "Text-Centric Multimodal Contrastive Learning for Sentiment Analysis." Electronics 13, no. 6 (2024): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13061149.

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Multimodal sentiment analysis aims to acquire and integrate sentimental cues from different modalities to identify the sentiment expressed in multimodal data. Despite the widespread adoption of pre-trained language models in recent years to enhance model performance, current research in multimodal sentiment analysis still faces several challenges. Firstly, although pre-trained language models have significantly elevated the density and quality of text features, the present models adhere to a balanced design strategy that lacks a concentrated focus on textual content. Secondly, prevalent feature fusion methods often hinge on spatial consistency assumptions, neglecting essential information about modality interactions and sample relationships within the feature space. In order to surmount these challenges, we propose a text-centric multimodal contrastive learning framework (TCMCL). This framework centers around text and augments text features separately from audio and visual perspectives. In order to effectively learn feature space information from different cross-modal augmented text features, we devised two contrastive learning tasks based on instance prediction and sentiment polarity; this promotes implicit multimodal fusion and obtains more abstract and stable sentiment representations. Our model demonstrates performance that surpasses the current state-of-the-art methods on both the CMU-MOSI and CMU-MOSEI datasets.

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Rong, Yikang S., and Kent G. Golic. "Dominant Defects in Drosophila Eye Pigmentation Resulting From a Euchromatin-Heterochromatin Fusion Gene." Genetics 150, no. 4 (1998): 1551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/150.4.1551.

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Abstract We have isolated a dominant mutation, pugilistDominant (pug D), that causes variegated reductions in pteridine and ommochrome pigmentation of the Drosophila eye. The effect of pugD on pteridine pigmentation is most dramatic: the only remaining pigment consists of a thin ring of pigment around the periphery of the eye with a few scattered spots in the center. The pugD mutation disrupts a gene that encodes a Drosophila homolog of the trifunctional enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD; E.C.1.5.1.5, E.C.3.5.4.9, E.C.6.3.4.3). This enzyme produces a cofactor that is utilized in purine biosynthesis. Because pteridines are derived from GTP, the pigment defect may result from an impairment in the production of purines. The mutant allele consists of a portion of the MTHFD coding region fused to ∼1 kb of highly repetitive DNA. Transcription and translation of both parts are required for the phenotype. The repetitive DNA consists of ∼140 nearly perfect repeats of the sequence AGAGAGA, a significant component of centric heterochromatin. The unusual nature of the protein produced by this gene may be responsible for its dominance. The repetitive DNA may also account for the variegated aspect of the phenotype. It may promote occasional association of the pugD locus with centric heterochromatin, accompanied by inactivation of pugD, in a manner similar to the proposed mode of action for brownDominant.

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Fiorin, Giacomo, Jason E. Donald, Yao Zhang, et al. "Association of Transmembrane Helices in Viral Fusion Peptides Suggests a Protein-Centric Mechanism of Membrane Fusion." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (2011): 633a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.3637.

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Son, Taein, Soo Won Seo, Jisong Kim, Seok Hwan Lee, and Jun Won Choi. "JoVALE: Detecting Human Actions in Video Using Audiovisual and Language Contexts." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 7 (2025): 6940–49. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i7.32745.

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Video Action Detection (VAD) entails localizing and categorizing action instances within videos, which inherently consist of diverse information sources such as audio, visual cues, and surrounding scene contexts. Leveraging this multi-modal information effectively for VAD poses a significant challenge, as the model must identify action-relevant cues with precision. In this study, we introduce a novel multi-modal VAD architecture, referred to as the Joint Actor-centric Visual, Audio, Language Encoder (JoVALE). JoVALE is the first VAD method to integrate audio and visual features with scene descriptive context sourced from large-capacity image captioning models. At the heart of JoVALE is the actor-centric aggregation of audio, visual, and scene descriptive information, enabling adaptive integration of crucial features for recognizing each actor's actions. We have developed a Transformer-based architecture, the Actor-centric Multi-modal Fusion Network, specifically designed to capture the dynamic interactions among actors and their multi-modal contexts. Our evaluation on three prominent VAD benchmarks—AVA, UCF101-24, and JHMDB51-21—demonstrates that incorporating multi-modal information significantly enhances performance, setting new state-of-the-art performances in the field.

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Chen, Yixuan, Shuang Wang, Fan Jiang, Yaxin Tu, and Qionghao Huang. "DCKT: A Novel Dual-Centric Learning Model for Knowledge Tracing." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (2022): 16307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316307.

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Knowledge tracing (KT), aiming to model learners’ mastery of a concept based on their historical learning records, has received extensive attention due to its great potential in realizing personalized learning in intelligent tutoring systems. However, most existing KT methods focus on a single aspect of knowledge or learner, not paying careful attention to the coupling influence of knowledge and learner characteristics. To fill this gap, in this paper, we explore a new paradigm for the KT task by exploiting the coupling influence of knowledge and learner. A novel model called Dual-Centric Knowledge Tracing (DCKT) is proposed to model knowledge states through two joint tasks of knowledge modeling and learner modeling. In particular, we first generate concept embeddings in abundant knowledge structure information via a pretext task (knowledge-centric): unsupervised graph representation learning. Then, we deeply measure learners’ prior knowledge the knowledge-enhanced representations and three predefined educational priors for discriminative feature enhancement. Furthermore, we design a forgetting-fusion transformer (learner-centric) to simulate the declining trend of learners’ knowledge proficiency over time, representing the common forgetting phenomenon. Extensive experiments were conducted on four public datasets, and the results demonstrate that DCKT could achieve better knowledge tracing results over all datasets via a dual-centric modeling process. Additionally, DCKT can learn meaningful question embeddings automatically without manual annotations. Our work indicates a potential future research direction for personalized learner modeling, which is of both accuracy and high interpretability.

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Bare, Luka Žagar, Yurtsever Ekim, Peters Arne, and C. Knoll Alois. "Point Cloud Registration With Object-Centric Alignment." IEEE Access 10, 2022 (October 24, 2022): 76586–95. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3191352.

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Point cloud registration is a core task in 3D perception, which aims to align two point clouds. Moreover, the registration of point clouds with low overlap represents a harder challenge, where previous methods tend to fail. Recent deep learning-based approaches attempt to overcome this issue by learning to find overlapping regions in the whole scene. However, they still lack robustness and accuracy, and thus might not be suitable for real-world applications. Therefore, we present a novel registration pipeline that focuses on object-level alignment to provide a robust and accurate alignment of point clouds. By extracting and completing the missing points of the object of interest, a rough alignment can be achieved even for point clouds with low overlap captured from widely apart viewpoints. We provide a quantitative and qualitative evaluation on synthetic and real-world data captured with a Kinect v2. The proposed approach outperforms the current the current state-of-the-art methods by more than 29% w.r.t. the registration recall on the introduced synthetic dataset. We show that the overall performance and robustness increases due to the object-level alignment, while the baselines perform poorly as they take the entire scene into account.

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Hou, Jingming, Nazlia Omar, Sabrina Tiun, Saidah Saad, and Qian He. "TCHFN: Multimodal sentiment analysis based on Text-Centric Hierarchical Fusion Network." Knowledge-Based Systems 300 (September 2024): 112220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2024.112220.

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Weber, Alvin F., Lance C. Buoen, Brett L. Terhaar, George R. Ruth, and Harry W. Momont. "Low fertility related to 1/29 centric fusion anomaly in cattle." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 195, no. 5 (1989): 643–46. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1989.195.05.643.

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Jones, Keith. "Robertsonian fusion and centric fission in karyotype evolution of higher plants." Botanical Review 64, no. 3 (1998): 273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02856567.

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Thakur,, Payal. "Safe Autonomy: Sensor Fusion in Complex Traffic Environments." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 05 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem33366.

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Advancements in autopilot driving and car technology have propelled the development of safe autonomy, particularly in navigating complex traffic environments. This paper delves into applying sensor fusion techniques in automobile systems, focusing on their relevance in ensuring safe navigation amidst the intricacies of Indian road conditions. Of course, the conditions of Indian roads have changed hugely and drastically over time but still, it would not be wrong to say that India is still grappling with a high incidence of road accidents exacerbated by non-compliance with traffic rules, integrating sensor fusion technologies becomes pivotal in enhancing the safety and reliability of autonomous systems. By including and adding data from various sensors such as cameras, LiDAR, and radar, these systems gain a comprehensive understanding of their surroundings, enabling real-time decision-making in dynamic traffic scenarios. Furthermore, the paper explores the integration of machine learning algorithms to augment sensor fusion capabilities, facilitating adaptive responses to erratic traffic behaviour and irregular driving practices. Through a technology-centric lens, this research aims to play the role of sensor fusion in bolstering the efficacy of autonomous systems on Indian roads, thereby contributing to the mitigation of road accidents and promoting safer transportation infrastructures.

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Li, Yanan, Pengyang Li, Han Cui, and Donghui Wang. "Inference Fusion with Associative Semantics for Unseen Object Detection." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 3 (2021): 1993–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i3.16295.

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We study the problem of object detection when training and test objects are disjoint, i.e. no training examples of the target classes are available. Existing unseen object detection approaches usually combine generic detection frameworks with a single-path unseen classifier, by aligning object regions with semantic class embeddings. In this paper, inspired from human cognitive experience, we propose a simple but effective dual-path detection model that further explores associative semantics to supplement the basic visual-semantic knowledge transfer. We use a novel target-centric multiple-association strategy to establish concept associations, to ensure that the predictor generalized to unseen domain can be learned during training. In this way, through a reasonable inference fusion mechanism, those two parallel reasoning paths can strengthen the correlation between seen and unseen objects, thus improving detection performance. Experiments show that our inductive method can significantly boost the performance by 7.42% over inductive models, and even 5.25% over transductive models on MSCOCO dataset.

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Sindhu, B., Y. Karthik, B. Durga Devi, A. Raviteja, and R. Vivek. "Face-Gaze Biometric Fusion for Enhanced Personal Authentication." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 44 (2024): 4611–18. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i44.3512.

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Objectives: To develop a robust authentication system by combining two authentication modals. The system aims to enhance the security by integrating the gaze-based biometrics in the authentication process, which is difficult to perform spoofing attacks. Methods: The system uses gaze-tracking and face recognition modals to authenticate the user. The user will enter his/her credentials, then the first step of authentication will start where the face recognition modal will authenticate the user by detecting the user’s face, if one is not authenticated in this phase then the user will be omitted. After that the second phase will starts where the system will generate a random 10X10 maze using Depth-First Search algorithm, and then it will extract the x, y coordinates of the maze. The system will capture the user’s real-time eye movement data, and extracts the x, y coordinates of the pupil through a webcam, and compares those coordinates with the maze coordinates if both are matched then the system will provide access to the user else it will omit the user. Findings: Findings show that this approach improves the security of traditional biometric systems, offering a unique form of user authentication. The system tested for accuracy in different environments, and its performance was evaluated based on how well the user’s gaze matches the maze path. Tests across various environments show that the system achieves an accuracy of 92% in matching user gaze to the maze coordinates, also achieved 0% FTE (Failure To Enroll) and 0% FTA (Failure To Acquire). Novelty: The novelty of this project lies in combining biometric eye gaze tracking with real-time maze-based navigation for user authentication. Unlike the traditional biometrics that rely on static features like fingerprints or facial recognition, this system incorporates dynamic tracking of user behavior, specifically gaze patterns, to enhance security. This makes it more resilient to spoofing attacks. Keywords: Biometric Authentication, Deepfake Resistance, Authorization Mechanism, Operational Environments, Human-Centric Security

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Beider, Alexander. "Reapplying the Language Tree Model to the History of Yiddish." Journal of Jewish Languages 1, no. 1 (2013): 77–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134638-12340003.

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Abstract The article discusses several definitions of the notion of Yiddish that exist in linguistic studies. The Germanistic approach emphasizes differences between various German and Yiddish dialects. The Judeo-Centric approach, developed during the second half of the 20th century as an alternative method to that used by the Germanistic school, puts the uninterrupted chain of languages spoken by Jews in the center of its linguistic analysis. For the representatives of this school, Yiddish is a fusion language from its inception, the process they generally posit to the period when the first Jewish communities appeared in German-speaking territories. As suggested in this article, for the adequate understanding of the development of Yiddish, several notions used by the two approaches should be combined. Only the Germanistic approach provides appropriate frames for analyzing the genesis of Yiddish according to the Language Tree model. Its (re)application shows the inadequacy of certain basic positions of the Judeo-Centric Approach. Yet, several notions introduced by the proponents of the latter method still represent a major contribution in Yiddish studies. The notion of “fusion” creates an appropriate theoretical tool for studying the development of Yiddish varieties. The consideration of the uninterrupted chain of languages spoken by Jews sheds light on factors that were invisible within the Germanistic approach. The article also suggests a classification of languages spoken by Jews useful for the analysis of their historical development.

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Nathania, Jesslyn, Qiyuan Liu, Zhiheng Li, Liming Liu, and Yipeng Gao. "BEVCorner: Enhancing Bird’s-Eye View Object Detection with Monocular Features via Depth Fusion." Applied Sciences 15, no. 7 (2025): 3896. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073896.

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This research paper presents BEVCorner, a novel framework that synergistically integrates monocular and multi-view pipelines for enhanced 3D object detection in autonomous driving. By fusing depth maps from Bird’s-Eye View (BEV) with object-centric depth estimates from monocular detection, BEVCorner enhances both global context and local precision, addressing the limitations of existing methods in depth precision, occlusion robustness, and computational efficiency. The paper explores four fusion techniques—direct replacement, weighted fusion, region-of-interest refinement, and hard combine—to balance the strengths of monocular and BEV depth estimation. Initial experiments on the NuScenes dataset yield a 38.72% NDS, which is lower than the baseline BEVDepth’s 43.59% NDS, highlighting the challenges in monocular pipeline alignment. Nevertheless, the upper-bound performance of BEVCorner is assessed under ground-truth depth supervision, and the results show a significant improvement, achieving a 53.21% NDS, despite a 21.96% increase in parameters (from 76.4 M to 97.9 M). The upper-bound analysis highlights the promise of camera-only fusion for resource-constrained scenarios.

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Ju, Jiawei, Aberham Genetu Feleke, Longxi Luo, and Xinan Fan. "Recognition of Drivers’ Hard and Soft Braking Intentions Based on Hybrid Brain-Computer Interfaces." Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022 (July 20, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9847652.

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In this paper, we propose simultaneous and sequential hybrid brain-computer interfaces (hBCIs) that incorporate electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) signals to classify drivers’ hard braking, soft braking, and normal driving intentions to better assist driving for the first time. The simultaneous hBCIs adopt a feature-level fusion strategy (hBCI-FL) and classifier-level fusion strategies (hBCIs-CL). The sequential hBCIs include the hBCI-SE1, where EEG signals are prioritized to detect hard braking, and hBCI-SE2, where EMG signals are prioritized to detect hard braking. Experimental results show that the proposed hBCI-SE1 with spectral features and the one-vs-rest classification strategy performs best with an average system accuracy of 96.37% among hBCIs. This work is valuable for developing human-centric intelligent assistant driving systems to improve driving safety and driving comfort and promote the application of BCIs.

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ERKOÇ, ŞAKİR, and OSMAN BARIŞ MALCIOĞLU. "STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF AlP DOPED HÜCKEL TYPE CYCLACENE WITH FOUR BENZENOID RINGS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 14, no. 09 (2003): 1183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183103005339.

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Cyclacene of the Hückel type having four benzenoid rings have been subjected to centric perturbations along both peripheral circuits such that Al and P atoms are alternatingly located. The present structure of perturbed cyclacene let two types of isomeric compounds to arise such that in one case the peri-positions and fusion-points occupied by Al and P atoms, respectively and in the other case reversal of occupation of locations occur. For these structures, AM1-RHF type semi-empirical calculations have been carried out and the systems are analyzed from various energetic points of view.

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Vinitha V. "Transforming Multimodal Sentiment Analysis and Classification with Fusion-Centric Deep Learning Techniques." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 10s (2025): 556–65. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i10s.1419.

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Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) has has become an important field of research, integrating information since text, visuals, video, and speech modalities to derive thorough physiological insights. Despite substantial advancements, current methodologies frequently regard various modalities uniformly, neglecting the preeminent impact of text during sentiment analysis and ignoring address of redundant and irrelevant data generated during multimodal fusion. This study proposes the Enhanced Multi-modal spatiotemporal attention network (EMSAN), to integrate key features across modalities designed to develop the robustness and generalization of sentiment and emotion predictionfrom video data. It consists various phases such as multimodal feature extraction, fusion, and detection of sentiment polarityto integrate key features across modalities. Extensive experiments carried out on the publicly available Multimodal Emotion Lines Dataset (MELD) that show that the suggested method performs with an accuracy of 92.28% in capturing complicated sentiment and emotion. The comparison showed that the suggested method worked better than other baseline models, which made it possible to develop sentiment analysis in a number of different multimodal frameworks.

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Ghosh, Shiv Shakti, Subhashis Das, and Sunil Kumar Chatterjee. "Human-centric Faceted Approach for Ontology Construction." KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION 47, no. 1 (2020): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0943-7444-2020-1-31.

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In this paper, we propose an ontology building method, called human-centric faceted approach for ontology construction (HCFOC). HCFOC uses the human-centric approach, improvised with the idea of selective dissemination of information (SDI), to deal with context. Further, this ontology construction process makes use of facet analysis and an analytico-synthetic classification approach. This novel fusion contributes to the originality of HCFOC and distinguishes it from other existing ontology construction methodologies. Based on HCFOC, an ontology of the tourism domain has been designed using the Protégé-5.5.0 ontology editor. The HCFOC methodology has provided the necessary flexibility, extensibility, robustness and has facilitated the capturing of background knowledge. It models the tourism ontology in such a way that it is able to deal with the context of a tourist’s information need with precision. This is evident from the result that more than 90% of the user’s queries were successfully met. The use of domain knowledge and techniques from both library and information science and computer science has helped in the realization of the desired purpose of this ontology construction process. It is envisaged that HCFOC will have implications for ontology developers. The demonstrated tourism ontology can support any tourism information retrieval system.

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Kemkomnerd, Wasin, and Chamnarn Tirapas. "The Silicon Architect: Transformation Towards a Data-Centric Mindset." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 22, no. 1 (2024): 269892. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v22.269892.

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This paper investigates the emergence of a novel ‘data-centric’ mindset within architecture and its implications for the architectural design process. Defined by engagement with new technology (Data Science, Big Data, Machine Learning) this mindset is driving new insight toward novel aesthetics and ultimately new disciplinary hypotheses. The literature review first tracks distinguishable transitions in the architectural mindset through the architects that have embodied them (Master Builder, Beaux-Art, Modernist, and Parametric Architect) culminating with what is here termed the ‘Silicon Architect’. Next, three archetypal case studies reveal how the architectural design process is re-potentialized through a data-centric mindset, allowing architects to ultimately escape their imaginative limits and arrive at new disciplinary ambitions. The data-centric inclinations of these architects have resulted in a fusion of human-machine cognition. Through this ‘composite’ cognition, architects can now push beyond more typical ambitions (i.e. the creation of novel forms) toward an encounter with notions of ‘hypotheses generation’ and ‘disciplinary prospection’ via non-human cognitive input. This new mindset emerging in the Silicon Architect is set to re-direct the architectural design process, and in doing so, help the discipline escape the limits of its own paradigmatic imagination in ways that operate beyond human cognitive capabilities. In this sense, research sheds light on the influences that may shape future architectural design processes and the architects who may evolve.

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de Oliveira, Thays Duarte, Natasha Avila Bertocchi, Rafael Kretschmer, et al. "Genomic Organization of Microsatellites and LINE-1-like Retrotransposons: Evolutionary Implications for Ctenomys minutus (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) Cytotypes." Animals 12, no. 16 (2022): 2091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12162091.

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The Neotropical underground rodents of the genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) comprise about 65 species, which harbor the most significant chromosomal variation among mammals (2n = 10 to 2n = 70). Among them, C. minutus stands out with 45 different cytotypes already identified, among which, seven parental ones, named A to G, are parapatrically distributed in the coastal plains of Southern Brazil. Looking for possible causes that led to such extensive karyotype diversification, we performed chromosomal mapping of different repetitive DNAs, including microsatellites and long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) retrotransposons in the seven parental cytotypes. Although microsatellites were found mainly in the centromeric and telomeric regions of the chromosomes, different patterns occur for each cytotype, thus revealing specific features. Likewise, the LINE-1-like retrotransposons also showed a differential distribution for each cytotype, which may be linked to stochastic loss of LINE-1 in some populations. Here, microsatellite motifs (A)30, (C)30, (CA)15, (CAC)10, (CAG)10, (CGG)10, (GA)15, and (GAG)10 could be mapped to fusion of chromosomes 20/17, fission and inversion in the short arm of chromosome 2, fusion of chromosomes 23/19, and different combinations of centric and tandem fusions of chromosomes 22/24/16. These data provide evidence for a correlation between repetitive genomic content and localization of evolutionary breakpoints and highlight their direct impact in promoting chromosomal rearrangements.

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Prabhune, Akash, Vinay R. Srihari, Neeraj Kumar Sethiya, and Mansi Gauniyal. "Agile fusion: developing 'Eat at Right Place' sentiment analysis tool." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 34, no. 1 (2024): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v34.i1.pp602-619.

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This study presents the development and validation of the "Eat at Right Place Initiative," a sentiment analysis tool for restaurant reviews. Combining a user-centric approach with the Scrum framework, the mHealth agile development and evaluation framework was implemented, deviating from the initially considered Scrum framework. A multidisciplinary team navigated three phases, aligning sprints, goals, and backlogs. Phase 1 focused on product identification through interviews and surveys. Phase 2 involved development and alpha testing using a bidirectional encoder representation from transformers (BERT) rule-based sentiment analysis model. The final phase, beta testing, incorporated user feedback for usability enhancements. Ethical considerations were prioritized, ensuring participant consent and confidentiality. The study culminated in a robust aspect-based sentiment analysis model, effective in capturing nuanced insights from diverse restaurant aspects. Beta testing revealed actionable insights, marking the tool as fit for release. This sentiment analysis tool addresses consumer and owner needs, with iterative development and real-world testing laying the groundwork for future enhancements.

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Prabhune, Akash, Vinay R. Srihari, Neeraj Kumar Sethiya, and Mansi Gauniyal. "Agile fusion: developing 'Eat at Right Place' sentiment analysis tool." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 34, no. 1 (2024): 602–19. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v34.i1.pp602-619.

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