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Journal articles on the topic 'Centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

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Khoeini, D., E. Shirani, and M. Joghataei. "Improvement of Centrifugal Pump Performance by Using Different Impeller Diffuser Angles with and Without Vanes." Journal of Mechanics 35, no. 4 (2018): 577–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2018.39.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims at improving the performance of a centrifugal pump by using different angular diffusers on the downstream side of the centrifugal pump impeller. Numerical and experimental studies have been carried out on different vaned and non-vaned diffuser with three different wall divergence angle (α) of 0°, 5° and 10° to achieve that purpose. The data analyses show good agreement between the numerical and experimental results. They reveal profound effect of the divergence angle (α) of angular vaned diffuser on the head and overall efficiency of centrifugal pumps especially at high flow rates as they broaden operating region of the centrifugal pump. In fact it is found that the head and overall efficiency of impeller with vaned diffuser α = 10° enhance by 15.4 and 9 percent respectively compared to that of centrifugal pump with no vaned diffuser at high flow rates. Furthermore the head and overall efficiency of impeller with vaned diffuser α = 10° increase by 5.7 and 7 percent respectively in comparison with the impeller with vaned diffuser α = 0°.

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Takao, Shunya, Shinichi Konno, Shinichiro Ejiri, and Masahiro Miyabe. "Effect of diffuser vane slit on rotating stall behavior and pump performance in a centrifugal pump." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2217, no. 1 (2022): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2217/1/012054.

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Abstract In the previous study of a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser, it was confirmed that the flowrate at the onset of rotating stall was shifted to the lower flowrate by slitting the diffuser vanes. As the CFD result, it was found that the jet flow from pressure-side to suction-side impinges backflow near the suction surface and it suppresses to expand toward the diffuser inlet. However, it is difficult to say that the optimized shape and slitting position have been sufficiently studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of slitting on the pump performance and internal flow by adding another slitting to the diffuser vane with slit. In order to clarify the suppression effect of the jet flow in detail, the effect of adding slits at two locations was verified. The pump performance was compared for these diffusers. The effect of slitting on the diffuser vanes on the occurrence of rotating stall was clarified by the experimental and numerical study.

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Arndt, N., A. J. Acosta, C. E. Brennen, and T. K. Caughey. "Experimental Investigation of Rotor-Stator Interaction in a Centrifugal Pump With Several Vaned Diffusers." Journal of Turbomachinery 112, no. 1 (1990): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2927428.

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This paper describes an experimental investigation of rotor-stator interaction in a centrifugal pump with several vaned diffusers. Steady and unsteady diffuser vane pressure measurements were made for a two-dimensional test impeller. Unsteady impeller blade pressure measurements were made for a second two-dimensional impeller with blade number and blade geometry identical to the two-dimensional impeller used for the diffuser vane pressure measurements. The experiments were conducted for different flow coefficients and different radial gaps between the impeller blade trailing edge and the diffuser vane leading edge (5 and 8 percent of the impeller discharge radius). The largest pressure fluctuations on the diffuser vanes and the impeller blades were found to be of the same order of magnitude as the total pressure rise across the pump. The largest pressure fluctuations on the diffuser vanes were observed to occur on the suction side of the vane near the vane leading edge, whereas on the impeller blades the largest fluctuations were observed to occur at the blade trailing edge. However, the dependence of the fluctuations on the flow coefficient was found to be different for the diffuser vanes and the impeller blades; on the vane suction side, the fluctuations were largest for the maximum flow coefficient and decreased with decreasing flow coefficient, whereas at the blade trailing edge, the fluctuations were smallest for the maximum flow coefficient and increased with decreasing flow coefficient. Increasing the number of the diffuser vanes resulted in a significant decrease of the impeller blade pressure fluctuations. The resulting lift on the diffuser vanes was computed from the vane pressure measurements; the magnitude of the fluctuating lift was found to be larger than the steady lift.

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Furukawa, Akinori, Hisasada Takahara, Takahiro Nakagawa, and Yusuke Ono. "Pressure Fluctuation in a Vaned Diffuser Downstream from a Centrifugal Pump Impeller." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 9, no. 4 (2003): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x03000265.

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Periodic flows downstream from a centrifugal pump impeller in vaneless and vaned diffusers were measured by using a single hole yawmeter and a phase-locked sampling method. The flows were also calculated by an inviscid flow analysis using the blade-surface singularity method. The periodic variations in calculated static pressure with the impeller rotating quantitatively agree well with the measured ones. The flow behaviors in the vaned diffuser are discussed, citing measured and calculated results. The potential interaction between the impeller and the diffuser blades appears more strongly than the impeller-wake interaction. The appearance of static pressure fluctuations due to the impeller's rotating in the fully vaned zone is different from that in the semivaned zone of the diffuser. The existence of the peripheral blade surface of the impeller outlet with an outlet edge of the pressure surface causes violent pressure fluctuations in the vaned diffuser.

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Lai, Fen, Xiangyuan Zhu, Yongqiang Duan, and Guojun Li. "Clocking effect in a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 26 (2020): 2050286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920502863.

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The performance and service life of centrifugal pumps can be influenced by the clocking effect. In this study, 3D numerical calculations based on the k-omega shear stress transport model are conducted to investigate the clocking effect in a centrifugal pump. Time-averaged behavior and transient behavior are analyzed. Results show that the optimum diffuser installation angle in the centrifugal pump is [Formula: see text] due to the minimum total pressure loss and radial force acting on the impeller. Total pressure loss, particularly in the volute, is considerably influenced by the clocking effect. The difference in total pressure loss in the volute at different clocking positions is 2.75 m under the design flow rate. The large total pressure loss in the volute is primarily caused by the large total pressure gradient within the vicinity of the volute tongue. The radial force acting on the impeller is also considerably affected by the clocking effect. When the diffuser installation angle is [Formula: see text], flow rate fluctuations in the volute and impeller passage are minimal, and flow rate distribution in the diffuser passage is more uniform than those in other diffuser installation angles. Moreover, static pressure fluctuations in the impeller midsection and the diffuser inlet section are at the minimum value. These phenomena explain the minimum radial force acting on the impeller. The findings of this study can provide a useful reference for the design of centrifugal pumps.

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Liu, Houlin, Ruichao Xia, Kai Wang, Yucheng Jing, and Xianghui He. "Experimental Analysis on Pressure Fluctuation Characteristics of a Centrifugal Pump with Vaned-Diffuser." Water 12, no. 1 (2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12010126.

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Experimental measurements to analyze the pressure fluctuation performance of a centrifugal pump with a vaned-diffuser, which its specific speed is 190. Results indicate that the main cause of pressure fluctuation is the rotor-stator interference at the impeller outlet. The head of the pump with vaned-diffuser at the design flow rate is 15.03 m, and the efficiency of the pump with a vaned-diffuser at the design flow rate reaches 71.47%. Pressure fluctuation decreases gradually with increasing distance from the impeller outlet. Along with the increase of the flow rate, amplitude of pressure fluctuation decreases. The amplitude of pressure fluctuation at the measuring points near the diffusion section of the pump body is larger than other measuring points. The variation tendency of pressure fluctuation at P1–P10 is the same, while there are wide frequency bands with different frequencies. The dominant frequency of pressure fluctuation is the blade passing frequency. The rotor-stator interference between the impeller and the vaned-diffuser gives rise to the main signal source of pressure fluctuation.

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Wang, Liu, Wang, Zhou, Jiang, and Li. "Numerical Simulation of the Sound Field of a Five-Stage Centrifugal Pump with Different Turbulence Models." Water 11, no. 9 (2019): 1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091777.

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To study the influence of the turbulence model on the sound field of pumps, the standard k-ε, Re-normalization Group (RNG) k-ε and Shear Stress Transfer (SST) k-ω models were employed to simulate flow and sound fields of a five-stage centrifugal pump with a vaned-diffuser. The vibration characteristics of the pump were simulated with the modal response method. A vibration experiment in the pump was carried out to verify the feasibility of the numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic noise in the pump. Results show that in the spectrum of internal and external noise, the peak value appears at axial passing frequency (APF) and its harmonic frequency. Compared with the standard k-ε model, the RNG k-ε and SST k-ω models show good consistence with the noise characteristics of experimental results, indicating the characteristic frequency and revealing the approximate behavior of the sound field in the pump. In general, the simulation of the sound field based on the RNG k-ε model is most appropriate for the multistage centrifugal pump with a vaned-diffuser.

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Yang, Gang, Xutao Zhao, Desheng Zhang, Xueqi Yang, Linlin Geng, and Xiongfa Gao. "Optimization design and unsteady flow analysis of stall characteristics in a vertical centrifugal pump." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2217, no. 1 (2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2217/1/012045.

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Abstract In this paper, an optimization design of the vertical centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser was accomplished, and analyzed the internal flow pattern of the model before and after optimization under stall conditions to explore the relationship between design parameters and the stall characteristics. The reasons for the improvement of efficiency and hump characteristics curve after optimization were revealed combined with streamline distributions, entropy production theory and pressure fluctuation. The results show that the error between the external characteristic result calculated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the experimental value is less than 5%, which proves the reliability of the numerical simulation method adopted in this paper. The hydraulic efficiency under multiple operating conditions and stall characteristics of the optimized model have been significantly improved. After optimization, the entropy production rate in the vaned diffuser is greatly reduced, and the improvement of the internal flow pattern in the vaned diffuser is the main reason for slowing down the hump characteristic curve. The hydraulic performance and the stall characteristics of the vertical centrifugal pump can be significantly improved by properly increasing the radial distance of the vaneless region. The matching relationship between the vaned diffuser and the impeller is one of the important factors that affect the stall characteristics. The large-scale vortices in the vaned diffuser is the main reason for the low-frequency pressure fluctuation signal when operating in the hump region. The low-frequency signal in the vaned diffuser of the optimized model is obviously weakened.

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Guleren, K. M., and A. Pinarbasi. "Numerical simulation of the stalled flow within a vaned centrifugal pump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 218, no. 4 (2004): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440620421800407.

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The main goal of the present work is to analyse the numerical simulation of a centrifugal pump by solving Navier-Stokes equations, coupled with the ‘standard k-∊’ turbulence model. The pump consists of an impeller having five curved blades with nine diffuser vanes. The shaft rotates at 890r/min. Flow characteristics are assumed to be stalled in the appropriate region of flowrate levels of 1.31-2.861/s. Numerical analysis techniques are performed on a commercial FLUENT package program assuming steady, incompressible flow conditions with decreasing flowrate. Under stall conditions the flow in the diffuser passage alternates between outward jetting when the low-pass-filtered pressure is high to a reverse flow when the filtered pressure is low. Being below design conditions, there is a consistent high-speed leakage flow in the gap between the impeller and the diffuser from the exit side of the diffuser to the beginning of the volute. Separation of this leakage flow from the diffuser vane causes the onset of stall. As the flowrate decreases both the magnitude of the leakage within the vaneless part of the pump and reverse flow within a stalled diffuser passage increase. As this occurs, the stall-cell size extends from one to two diffuser passages. Comparisons are made with experimental data and show good agreement.

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Cavazzini, G., G. Pavesi, and G. Ardizzon. "Pressure instabilities in a vaned centrifugal pump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 225, no. 7 (2011): 930–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650911410643.

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This article reports the acoustic and fluid-dynamical analyses of large-scale instabilities in a vaned centrifugal pump. The unsteady pressure fields at full/part load were measured by dynamic piezoresistive transducers placed at the impeller discharge and on an instrumented diffuser vane. To spectrally characterize the inception and the evolution of the unsteady phenomena, spectral analyses of the pressure signals were carried out both in frequency and time–frequency domains. Numerical analyses were carried out on the same pump with the help of the commercial code CFX. All the computations were performed using the unsteady ‘transient’ model with a time step corresponding to about 1° of the impeller rotation. The turbulence was modelled by the detached eddy simulation model. Numerical pressure signals were compared with the experimental ones to verify the development of the same pressure instabilities. The unsteady numerical flow fields were analysed to study the fluid-dynamical evolution of the instabilities and investigate their origin.

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Saha, Sankar L., Junichi Kurokawa, Jun Matsui, and Hiroshi Imamura. "Passive Control of Rotating Stall in a Parallel-Wall Vaned Diffuser by J-Grooves." Journal of Fluids Engineering 123, no. 3 (2000): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1374214.

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In order to control and suppress instabilities caused by swirl flow, the authors have proposed a very simple passive method utilizing shallow grooves mounted on a casing wall or diffuser wall(s) parallel to the pressure gradient. The groove is termed a “J-groove.” The method is theoretically analyzed and experimentally proved capable of suppressing rotating stall in a vaneless diffuser. The performance curve instability is characterized by the positive slope of the head-capacity curve of a mixed flow pump for the entire flow range. In continuation, this work is aimed at realizing experimentally the effect of J-grooves on suppressing rotating stall in the vaned diffuser of a centrifugal turbomachine. Thirteen double curvature vanes with various radial positions, various setting angles, and J-grooves of different dimensions are tested in a parallel wall vaned diffuser with a semi-open radial impeller with and without J-grooves. The results show that J-grooves can also suppress rotating stall in the vaned diffuser for the entire flow range.

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Wang, Wenjie, Shouqi Yuan, Ji Pei, and Jinfeng Zhang. "Optimization of the diffuser in a centrifugal pump by combining response surface method with multi-island genetic algorithm." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 231, no. 2 (2016): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408915586310.

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The diffuser plays a significant role in the performance of a centrifugal pump, especially for a high-power centrifugal pump. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of a centrifugal pump, optimization of a vaned diffuser is proposed in this work. The steady simulations were carried out by solving the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with a shear stress transport turbulence model. The numerical head and efficiency were validated by the experimental results of the original pump, and the results show that the predicted performance of the numerical simulation is in good agreement with the experimental results. Four design variables of the diffuser including the diffuser inlet diameter D3, diffuser inlet width b3, diffuser inlet angle α3, and diffuser wrap angle ϕ2 were selected to design by the CFturbo 9.0. The diffusers under test were selected using the orthogonal experiment method using the orthogonal array L16(44). The effect of the four variables on the pump’s efficiency was investigated by the predicted efficiency of 16 diffusers. A quadratic polynomial fitting function for the variables and efficiency was constructed using the response surface method. The optimal values were obtained by solving the response function with the multi-island genetic algorithm. Through the analysis of the range and quadratic regression, it was found that the diffuser wrap angle has the most significant influence on efficiency. The efficiency of the optimal pump increased by 8.65% compared with the original scheme. The velocity distributions in the diffuser inlet and volute were improved and became more uniform. The total pressure in the diffuser and volute of the optimal pump was higher than that of the original pump.

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Lu, Zhaoheng, Ran Tao, Faye Jin, Puxi Li, Ruofu Xiao, and Weichao Liu. "The Temporal-Spatial Features of Pressure Pulsation in the Diffusers of a Large-Scale Vaned-Voluted Centrifugal Pump." Machines 9, no. 11 (2021): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9110266.

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A large-scale, vaned-voluted centrifugal pump can be applied as the key component in water-transfer projects. Pressure pulsation will be an important factor in affecting the operation stability. This paper researches the propagation and spatial distribution law of blade passing frequency (BPF) and its harmonics on the design condition by numerical simulation. Experimental and numerical monitoring is conducted for pressure pulsation on four discrete points in the vaneless region, which shows that the BPF is dominant. The pulsation tracking network (PTN) is applied to research propagation law and spatial distribution law. It provides a reference for frequency domain information and visualization vaned diffuser. The amplitude of BPF and its harmonics decays rapidly in the vaneless region. BPF and BPF’s harmonics influence each other. BPF has local enhancement in the vaneless region when its harmonics attenuate. In the vaned diffuser, the pulsation amplitude of BPF attenuates rapidly, but the local high-pressure pulsation amplitude can be found on the vane blade concave side because of obstruction and accumulation of the vaned diffuser. In the volute, the pulsation amplitude of BPF is low with the decelerating attenuation. This study provides an effective method for understanding the pressure pulsation law in turbomachinery and other engineering flow cases.

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Bai, Ling, Ling Zhou, Chen Han, Yong Zhu, and Weidong Shi. "Numerical Study of Pressure Fluctuation and Unsteady Flow in a Centrifugal Pump." Processes 7, no. 6 (2019): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7060354.

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A pump is one of the most important machines in the processes and flow systems. The operation of multistage centrifugal pumps could generate pressure fluctuations and instabilities that may be detrimental to the performance and integrity of the pump. In this paper, a numerical study of the influence of pressure fluctuations and unsteady flow patterns was undertaken in the pump flow channel of three configurations with different diffuser vane numbers. It was found that the amplitude of pressure fluctuation in the diffuser was increased gradually with the increase in number of diffuser vanes. The lower number of diffuser vanes was beneficial to obtain a weaker pressure fluctuation intensity. With the static pressure gradually increasing, the effects of impeller blade passing frequency attenuated gradually, and the effect of diffuser vanes was increased gradually.

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Ueda, Akihito, Tomoki Takeda, Daisuke Sugiyama, and Kazuyoshi Miyagawa. "Effect of the number of blades on diffuser unsteady loss of centrifugal pump." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2217, no. 1 (2022): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2217/1/012052.

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Abstract In recent years, an unshrouded impeller is being developed for rocket turbopumps to reduce production costs and disk friction losses. However, the internal flow structure in a diffuser influenced by an impeller has not been clarified yet. In this study, we focused on the investigation of unsteady flow in turbopumps with unshrouded impellers and vaned diffusers by experiments and CFD. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of changing the number of blades of the impeller and diffuser on the unsteady losses in the diffuser. First, we measured the static pressure at the shroud side in the impeller and the velocity at the diffuser inlet and outlet. Second, we confirmed the accuracy of the CFD by comparing CFD results with experimental results. Third, we investigated unsteady losses in diffusers by CFD. We could confirm increased entropy at the suction surface and shroud side because of the tip leakage and the vortex. Finally, we changed the number of impeller blades or diffuser blades. In conclusion, the loss region at the suction surface and the high-pressure region at pressure surface in the unshrouded impeller were mixed and caused unsteady losses through the diffuser. And diffuser efficiency decreased because channel width in diffuser became narrower by the number of diffuser blades increasing.

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Atif, Abdelmadjid, Saad Benmansour, and Gerard Bois. "Numerical Investigation of Velocity Flow Field inside an Impeller Air Model of a Centrifugal Pump with Vaned Diffuser Interactions and Comparison with PIV Measurements." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2010 (2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/706043.

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The paper refers to the analysis of interactions between the impeller and the vaned diffuser on the air model of a radial flow pump. The study deals with a numerical simulation of the flow for a full 360°entire impeller and diffuser. The task is carried out close to design operating conditions and for one particular position of the impeller blade with respect to diffuser frame. Among all the results, it has been decided to mainly focus on the flow pattern at the exit part inside the impeller coming from the diffuser vanes interactions. The results are compared to the available PIV measurements.

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Wang, Kai, Xin Lu, and Xianghui He. "Experimental Investigation of Vibration Characteristics in a Centrifugal Pump with Vaned Diffuser." Shock and Vibration 2018 (December 24, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9486536.

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In order to investigate the vibration characteristics of centrifugal pump, a centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser whose specific speed is 190 was chosen for this research. Both the experiments of energy performance and vibration characteristics of the pump were performed. The results indicate that when flow rate of the pump is 270 m3/h, the head is 15.03 m and the efficiency is 71.47%. The maximum efficiency is 71.71% when the flow rate of the pump is 233 m3/h and the head is 16.92 m. And a wide frequency band of vibration appears at 600 Hz at outlet flange of the pump. The vibration intensity at the outlet flange is largest. The vibration intensities at both sides of bearing casing are slighter than those at outlet flange and larger than those at motor base. The vibration intensity at the motor base is larger than that at pump base, and the vibration intensity at the pump body is the lowest. The vibration intensity of monitoring point M4 in the X direction under 0.8Qd is 1.27 mm/s, which is the maximum under three flow rates.

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Petit, Olivier, and Håkan Nilsson. "Numerical Investigations of Unsteady Flow in a Centrifugal Pump with a Vaned Diffuser." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/961580.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses were made to study the unsteady three-dimensional turbulence in the ERCOFTAC centrifugal pump test case. The simulations were carried out using the OpenFOAM Open Source CFD software. The test case consists of an unshrouded centrifugal impeller with seven blades and a radial vaned diffuser with 12 vanes. A large number of measurements are available in the radial gap between the impeller and the diffuse, making this case ideal for validating numerical methods. Results of steady and unsteady calculations of the flow in the pump are compared with the experimental ones, and four different turbulent models are analyzed. The steady simulation uses the frozen rotor concept, while the unsteady simulation uses a fully resolved sliding grid approach. The comparisons show that the unsteady numerical results accurately predict the unsteadiness of the flow, demonstrating the validity and applicability of that methodology for unsteady incompressible turbomachinery flow computations. The steady approach is less accurate, with an unphysical advection of the impeller wakes, but accurate enough for a crude approximation. The different turbulence models predict the flow at the same level of accuracy, with slightly different results.

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Sinha, Manish, and Joseph Katz. "Quantitative Visualization of the Flow in a Centrifugal Pump With Diffuser Vanes—I: On Flow Structures and Turbulence." Journal of Fluids Engineering 122, no. 1 (1999): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.483231.

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Particle image velocimetry measurements are used to identify the unsteady flow structures and turbulence in a transparent centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser. The experiments are being performed in a special facility that enables simultaneous measurements of the flow between the impeller blades, the gap between the impeller and the diffuser, between the diffuser vanes and in the volute. A custom-made 2 K×2 K digital camera with a unique digital image-shifting feature is used to record the images. For the measurements made close to design conditions, phase averaged velocity and vorticity fields are presented along with the corresponding turbulent stresses at different impeller blade orientations (relative to diffuser vanes). The statistically converged results show that the entire flow field is dominated by wakes generated by impeller blades, diffuser vanes, and unsteady separation phenomena. The boundary layer structure in the diffuser and the associated turbulence are strongly affected by the unsteadiness generated by the impeller. The impact of the impeller blade orientation includes direct effects, jetting ahead and a trailing wake behind the blade, as well as indirect effects, such as two types of flow separation within the diffuser. The cyclic variations are higher (typically twice) than the turbulent fluctuations within the impeller and between the diffuser vanes, but decrease below the turbulence level with increasing distance downstream of the trailing edge of the diffuser vanes. [S0098-2202(00)00801-4]

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Sinha, Manish, Ali Pinarbasi, and Joseph Katz. "The Flow Structure During Onset and Developed States of Rotating Stall Within a Vaned Diffuser of a Centrifugal Pump." Journal of Fluids Engineering 123, no. 3 (2001): 490–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1374213.

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Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and pressure fluctuation measurements are used for investigating the onset and development of rotating stall within a centrifugal pump having a vaned diffuser. The experiments are performed in a facility that enables measurements between the diffuser vanes, within part of the impeller, in the gap between them and in the volute. The diffuser is also instrumented with pressure transducers that track the circumferential motion of rotating stall in the stator. The timing of low-pass-filtered pressure signals are also used for triggering the acquisition of PIV images. The data include detailed velocity distributions, instantaneous and phase-averaged, at different blade orientations and stall phases, as well as auto- and cross-spectra of pressure fluctuations measured simultaneously in neighboring vane passages. The cross-spectra show that the stall propagation rate is 0.93 Hz, 6.2 percent of the impeller speed, and that the stall travels from the passages located on the exit side of the volute toward the beginning side, crossing the tongue region in the same direction as the impeller, where it diminishes. Under stall conditions the flow in the diffuser passage alternates between outward jetting, when the low-pass-filtered pressure is high, to a reverse flow, when the filtered pressure is low. Being below design conditions, there is a consistent high-speed leakage flow in the gap between the impeller and the diffuser from the exit side to the beginning of the volute. Separation of this leakage flow from the diffuser vane causes the onset of the stall. The magnitude of the leakage and the velocity distribution in the gap depend on the orientation of the impeller blade. Conversely, the flow in a stalled diffuser passage and the occurrence of stall do not vary significantly with blade orientation. With decreasing flow-rate the magnitudes of leakage and reverse flow within a stalled diffuser passage increase, and the stall-cell size extends from one to two diffuser passages.

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La Roche-Carrier, Nicolas, Guyh Dituba Ngoma, and Walid Ghie. "Numerical Investigation of a First Stage of a Multistage Centrifugal Pump: Impeller, Diffuser with Return Vanes, and Casing." ISRN Mechanical Engineering 2013 (June 19, 2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/578072.

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This paper deals with the numerical investigation of a liquid flow in a first stage of a multistage centrifugal pump consisting of an impeller, diffuser with return vanes, and casing. The continuity and Navier-Stokes equations with the k-ε turbulence model and standard wall functions were used. To improve the design of the pump's first stage, the impacts of the impeller blade height and diffuser vane height, number of impeller blades, diffuser vanes and diffuser return vanes, and wall roughness height on the performances of the first stage of a multistage centrifugal pump were analyzed. The results achieved reveal that the selected parameters affect the pump head, brake horsepower, and efficiency in a strong yet different manner. To validate the model developed, the results of the numerical simulations were compared with the experimental results from the pump manufacturer.

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Wang, Kai, Yu-cheng Jing, Xiang-hui He, and Hou-lin Liu. "Efficiency improvement and evaluation of a centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 3 (2019): 168781401982590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019825904.

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In order to enhance the efficiency of centrifugal pump, the structure of a centrifugal pump with vaned diffuser, whose specific speed is 190, was numerically improved by trimming back-blades of impeller and smoothing sharp corner in annular chamber. The energy performance, the internal flow field, the axial force, the radial force, and the pressure pulsation of the pump were analyzed. Results show that efficiency of the improving scheme 1 under the design flow rate is 77.47%, which can balance 69.82% of the axial force, while efficiency of the improving scheme 2 under the design flow rate is the maximum, which could still balance 62.74% of the axial force. The pressure pulsations of the improving scheme 2 at the typical monitoring points are less than that of the improving scheme 1 and the original scheme. The difference of the radial force peak between the improving scheme 1 and the improving scheme 2 is very small. The vector distributions of the radial force of the improving scheme 1 and the improving scheme 2 are more uniform than that of the original scheme. Considering the efficiency, pressure pulsation, and axial force, experiment measurements on the improving scheme 2 were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the improvement result. Results of energy performance experiment show that efficiency of the improving scheme 2 under the design flow rate is 76.48%, which is 5.26 percentage points higher than that of the original scheme.

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Pavesi, G., G. Cavazzini, and G. Ardizzon. "Time-Frequency Characterization of Rotating Instabilities in a Centrifugal Pump with a Vaned Diffuser." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2008 (2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/202179.

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This paper presents acoustic and flowdynamic investigations of large-scale instabilities in a radial pump with a vaned diffuser. Pressure fluctuations were measured with transducers placed flush at the inlet duct, at the impeller discharge, and in the vane diffuser walls. Two impeller rotation speeds were analyzed in the study, at design, and at off-design flow rates. A spectral analysis was carried out on the pressure signals in frequency and in time-frequency domains to identified precursors, inception, and evolution of the pressure instabilities. The results highlighted the existence of a rotating pressure structure at the impeller discharge, having a fluid-dynamical origin and propagating both in the radial direction and inside the impeller. The experimental data were then compared with the results obtained with help of ANSYS CFX computer code; focusing on the changing flow field at part load. Turbulence was reproduced by DES model.

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Feng, Jianjun, Zhenguo Ge, Honghong Yang, Guojun Zhu, Chenhao Li, and Xingqi Luo. "Rotating stall characteristics in the vaned diffuser of a centrifugal pump." Ocean Engineering 229 (June 2021): 108955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.108955.

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Goto, Akira, Motohiko Nohmi, Takaki Sakurai, and Yoshiyasu Sogawa. "Hydrodynamic Design System for Pumps Based on 3-D CAD, CFD, and Inverse Design Method." Journal of Fluids Engineering 124, no. 2 (2002): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1471362.

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A computer-aided design system has been developed for hydraulic parts of pumps including impellers, bowl diffusers, volutes, and vaned return channels. The key technologies include three-dimensional (3-D) CAD modeling, automatic grid generation, CFD analysis, and a 3-D inverse design method. The design system is directly connected to a rapid prototyping production system and a flexible manufacturing system composed of a group of DNC machines. The use of this novel design system leads to a drastic reduction of the development time of pumps having high performance, high reliability, and innovative design concepts. The system structure and the design process of “Blade Design System” and “Channel Design System” are presented. Then the design examples are presented briefly based on the previous publications, which included a centrifugal impeller with suppressed secondary flows, a bowl diffuser with suppressed corner separation, a vaned return channel of a multistage pump, and a volute casing. The results of experimental validation, including flow fields measurements, were also presented and discussed briefly.

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Sinha, Manish, Joseph Katz, and Charles Meneveau. "Quantitative Visualization of the Flow in a Centrifugal Pump With Diffuser Vanes—II: Addressing Passage-Averaged and Large-Eddy Simulation Modeling Issues in Turbomachinery Flows." Journal of Fluids Engineering 122, no. 1 (1999): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.483232.

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The present paper addresses two basic modeling problems of the flow in turbomachines. For simulation of flows within multistage turbomachinery, unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) of an entire series of blade rows is typically impractical. On the other hand, when performing RANS of each blade row separately one is faced with major difficulties in matching boundary conditions. A popular remedy is the “passage-averaged” approach. Unsteady effects caused by neighboring rows are averaged out over all blade orientations, but are accounted for through “deterministic” stresses, which must be modeled. To experimentally study modeling issues for deterministic stresses we use particle image velocimetry data of the flow in a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser that includes the flow in the impeller, the gap between the impeller and diffuser, between the diffuser vanes and within the volute downstream. The data have been presented in part A of this paper (Sinha and Katz, 1998, “Flow Structure and Turbulence of a Centrifugal Pump with a Vaned Diffuser,” Proceedings of the ASME Fluids Engineering Division, Washington, DC). Deterministic stresses are obtained from the difference between the phase-averaged and passage-averaged data, whereas the Reynolds stresses are determined from the difference between the instantaneous and phase averaged data. In agreement with previous findings, the deterministic stresses are larger than the Reynolds stresses in regions close to the interface between blade rows, and thus must be carefully accounted for in passage-averaged simulations. The Reynolds stresses are larger in regions located far from the transition region. The second series of issues involves modeling for large-eddy simulation. The measured subgrid stresses determined by spatially filtering the data are compared to eddy viscosity models and show significant discrepancies, especially in regions with separating shear layers. Backscatter of energy that persists during phase averaging is also observed. [S0098-2202(00)00901-9]

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El Hajem, M., A. Akhras, J. Y. Champagne, and R. Morel. "Rotor-stator interaction in a centrifugal pump equipped with a vaned diffuser." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 215, no. 6 (2001): 809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650011538947.

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Bayeul-Lainé, A. C., P. Dupont, A. Dazin, and G. Bois. "Investigations inside a vaned diffuser of a centrifugal pump at low flowrates." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 49 (November 2016): 032017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/49/3/032017.

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Sato, K., and L. He. "Numerical investigation into the effects of a radial gap on hydraulic turbine performance." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 215, no. 1 (2001): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650011536462.

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The effects of the rotor/stator blade row interaction on the performance of radial turbine stages are investigated numerically. A three-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes method based on the dual-time stepping and the pseudocompressibility method is developed for the performance prediction. A centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser is calculated for validation purposes, and the predicted unsteady flow results show reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The method is applied to analysis of hydraulic turbine stages. A generic turbine rotor is combined with a row of nozzle guide vanes with three settings of radial gap and numerical flow simulations are conducted for the performance evaluations. The predicted efficiency of the hydraulic turbine stages deteriorates if the radial gap between blade rows is reduced although the difference is very small. The entropy rises along the streamlines suggest that the differences in the stage efficiency level can be largely attributed to the loss generated in the nozzle vane passages.

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Akhras, A., M. El Hajem, J. Y. Champagne, and R. Morel. "The Flow Rate Influence on the Interaction of a Radial Pump Impeller and the Diffuser." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 10, no. 4 (2004): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x04000326.

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This article presents the results of a detailed flow investigation within a centrifugal pump equipped with a vaned diffuser. The measurements were made with a laser Doppler velocimeter and were carried out at different operating points. The flow was investigated for different rotor–stator relative positions.Unsteady velocity measurements, obtained in phase with the rotor angular position, gave access to the flow inside the impeller channels where three sections were explored. In the diffuser, five sections were studied. Thus, time resolved details of the flow were examined for a better understanding of the complex unsteady flow existing between the two interacting blade rows.Results obtained at different operating conditions show that the rotor-stator interaction is affected by the diffuser position and the flow rate.

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Oh, Hyoung-Woo. "Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Vaned-Diffuser and Return-Channel for a Multistage Centrifugal Pump." Journal of Fluid Machinery 14, no. 6 (2011): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5293/kfma..2011.14.6.054.

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Aysheshim, W., and B. Stoffel. "Experimental investigations on a centrifugal pump stage with and without a vaned diffuser." La Houille Blanche, no. 3-4 (June 2001): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2001040.

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Davood, Khoeini, and Reza Mohammad. "The optimum position of impeller splitter blades of a centrifugal pump equipped with vaned diffuser." FME Transaction 46, no. 3 (2018): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fmet1802205k.

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Khoeini, D., and E. Shirani. "Influences of Diffuser Vanes Parameters and Impeller Micro Grooves Depth on the Vertically Suspended Centrifugal Pump Performance." Journal of Mechanics 35, no. 5 (2019): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2019.13.

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ABSTRACTEffects of geometric parameters of diffuser vanes as well as impeller micro grooves depth on the performance of a vertically suspended centrifugal pump have been studied. Different diffuser vanes height,leading angles, trailing angles, wrapping angles and furthermore, impeller micro grooves depths have been analyzed thoroughly. Numerical results have been verified by comparing experimental data. Results, without considering cavitation, reveal that diffuser vanes height has the profound impact on the vertically suspended centrifugal pump performance followed by vanes wrapping angle. Additionally, it is observed that delivered head and efficiency of micro-grooved impellers reduce more by flow rate enhancing rather than that of the original impeller.

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Tao, Ran, Xiaoran Zhao, and Zhengwei Wang. "Evaluating the Transient Energy Dissipation in a Centrifugal Impeller under Rotor-Stator Interaction." Entropy 21, no. 3 (2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21030271.

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In fluid machineries, the flow energy dissipates by transforming into internal energy which performs as the temperature changes. The flow-induced noise is another form that flow energy turns into. These energy dissipations are related to the local flow regime but this is not quantitatively clear. In turbomachineries, the flow regime becomes pulsating and much more complex due to rotor-stator interaction. To quantitatively understand the energy dissipations during rotor-stator interaction, the centrifugal air pump with a vaned diffuser is studied based on total energy modeling, turbulence modeling and acoustic analogy method. The numerical method is verified based on experimental data and applied to further simulation and analysis. The diffuser blade leading-edge site is under the influence of impeller trailing-edge wake. The diffuser channel flow is found periodically fluctuating with separations from the blade convex side. Stall vortex is found on the diffuser blade trailing-edge near outlet. High energy loss coefficient sites are found in the undesirable flow regions above. Flow-induced noise is also high in these sites except in the stall vortex. Frequency analyses show that the impeller blade frequency dominates in the diffuser channel flow except in the outlet stall vortexes. These stall vortices keep their own stall frequency which is about 1/5 impeller frequency with high energy loss coefficient but low noise level. Results comparatively prove the energy dissipation mechanism in the centrifugal air pump under rotor-stator interaction. Results also provide the quantitative basis for turbomachinery’s loss reduction design.

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FURUKAWA, Daichi, Satoshi WATANABE, Yoshinori HARA, Tetsuya YAMASHITA, Hiroyoshi WATANABE, and Kazuyoshi MIYAGAWA. "1614 Vaned-diffuser rotating stall and radial thrust fluctuation in a three-stage centrifugal pump." Proceedings of the Fluids engineering conference 2015 (2015): _1614–1_—_1614–3_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmefed.2015._1614-1_.

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Shuai, Zhi-Jun, Chen-Xing Jiang, Dong-Hua Wang, Zeng-Hao Zhou, and Feng-Chen Li. "Numerical simulation of dynamic flow characteristics in a centrifugal water pump with three-vaned diffuser." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 8 (2015): 168781401559848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814015598487.

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Guleren, KM. "Automatic optimization of a centrifugal pump based on impeller–diffuser interaction." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 232, no. 8 (2018): 1004–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650918766688.

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In this study, a centrifugal pump has been optimized using the genetic algorithm coupled with computational fluid dynamics considering the flow physics for various impeller–diffuser configurations. During the automatic optimization process, the population was selected from a pool of pump geometries generated by four design variables; namely the relative diffuser vane angle, number of diffuser vanes, number of impeller blades, and the impeller wrap angle. The genetic algorithm was combined with a flow solver and a computer aided design software which was used also to create the mesh for the generated geometry. Two objective functions were adopted for the optimization: maximum pressure increase and minimum relative flow angle, which is an indication of reverse flow in the impeller. The iteration history of the optimization for the design (2.4 kg/s) and off-design (3.6 kg/s) flow rate showed that the optimization has been converged to an impeller–diffuser configuration within approximately 250 computational fluid dynamics analyses. Three geometries from each optimization with the highest pressure increase were studied for various mass flow rates and the results were compared with those of the original pump. The results show that the first optimization indicates a significant improvement of pressure increase at design flow rate (15.5%) but decrease at larger flow rates. The second optimization which was required after the results of the first optimization enhanced the head for the entire mass flow rates with an average increase of 25.74%.

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Bayeul-Lainé, Annie-Claude, Patrick Dupont, Giovanna Cavazzini, et al. "Comparisons RANS and URANS numerical results with experiments in a vaned diffuser of a centrifugal pump." La Houille Blanche, no. 2 (April 2015): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/20150026.

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Cubas, Jhoan M. C., Henrique Stel, Edgar M. Ofuchi, Moises A. Marcelino Neto, and Rigoberto E. M. Morales. "Visualization of two-phase gas-liquid flow in a radial centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 187 (April 2020): 106848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106848.

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Kawashima, Daisuke, Toshiaki Kanemoto, Kazuyuki Sakoda, Akihiro Wada, and Takashi Hara. "Matching Diffuser Vane with Return Vane Installed in Multistage Centrifugal Pump." International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems 1, no. 1 (2008): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5293/ijfms.2008.1.1.086.

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WANG, Wenjie. "Numerical Analysis of the Clocking Effect on the Pressure Fluctuation in the Centrifugal Pump with Vaned Diffuser." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 51, no. 4 (2015): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2015.04.185.

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Zhang, Ling, Peng Jie Huang, Hai Qiang Li, and Yun Peng Diao. "CFD Analysis of Impeller Internal Flow Field in Multistage Pump with Inducer." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1937.

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Based on the three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged N-S equations and the standard k-ε turbulence model, the inner flow of a multistage vane water centrifugal pump was simulated. The distribution law of inner flow was analyzed by using the SIMPLEC algorithm and multiple reference frame (MRF) model provided by CFD software Fluent. The pressure and velocity distribution law in impeller and vane diffuser are obtained. Results indicated that the lowest pressure area , where cavitation was easy to occur, was in the inlet of the first impeller blade back. There is reverse flow in outlet of impeller. An area of low pressure can be seen in the inlet of return guide vanes. The guide vane could reduce fluid velocity and eliminated fluid rotating component.

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Huang, Xianbei, Yaojun Li, Zhuqing Liu, and Wei Yang. "Numerical investigation of flow features in the vaneless region of a centrifugal pump by large eddy simulation." Engineering Computations 35, no. 1 (2018): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-09-2016-0328.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to obtain a better understanding of the rotor–stator interaction in the vaneless region of a centrifugal pump. Design/methodology/approach A third-order sub-grid scale (SGS) model containing the rotation rate tensor named the dynamic cubic non-linear model (DCNM) is used for simulating the flow field in a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser. The pressure coefficient and velocity distributions are compared with the experimental data. Focusing on the vaneless region, the pressure pulsation, Reynolds stress pulsation and Reynolds stress transport equation are analyzed. Findings The comparison of the calculation results with the experimental data indicates that the DCNM can accurately capture the distributions of pressure and velocity in the vaneless region. Based on the instantaneous pressure signals, the pressure pulsation is analyzed to show that in the vaneless region, the dominant frequency near the impeller is twice the blade passing frequency, whereas it is equal to the blade passing frequency near the diffuser. Further exploration of the Reynolds stress pulsation shows the correlation between the two variables. Additionally, the extreme low frequency of Reynolds stress near the diffuser is found to be related to the rotation instability. To explore the turbulence characteristics in the vaneless region, the Reynolds stress transportation equation is studied. In the vaneless region, the rotation term of the Reynolds stress transport equation is negligible compared to the production term, although the rotation instability is obvious near the diffuser. The production of the Reynolds stress plays the role of redistributing the energy from the uu component to the vv component, except for the region near the impeller outlet. Originality/value The third-order SGS model DCNM has proved to be promising in simulating the rotor–stator interaction. The analysis of the rotation instability and the Reynolds stress transport equation shed light on the further understanding of the rotor–stator interaction.

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Li, Delin, Ning Zhang, Junxian Jiang, et al. "Numerical investigation on the unsteady vortical structure and pressure pulsations of a centrifugal pump with the vaned diffuser." International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 98 (December 2022): 109050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2022.109050.

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Atif, Abdelmadjid, Saad Benmansour, Gerard Bois, and Patrick Dupont. "Numerical and experimental comparison of the vaned diffuser interaction inside the impeller velocity field of a centrifugal pump." Science China Technological Sciences 54, no. 2 (2011): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-010-4260-5.

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Lai, Fen, Xiangyuan Zhu, Guojun Li, Liping Zhu, and Fengming Wang. "Numerical Research on the Energy Loss of a Single-Stage Centrifugal Pump with Different Vaned Diffuser Outlet Diameters." Energy Procedia 158 (February 2019): 5523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.592.

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Wang, Wenjie, Ji Pei, Shouqi Yuan, and Tingyun Yin. "Experimental investigation on clocking effect of vaned diffuser on performance characteristics and pressure pulsations in a centrifugal pump." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 90 (January 2018): 286–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.09.022.

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Fu, Lei, Xiangyuan Zhu, Wei Jiang, and Guojun Li. "Numerical investigation on influence of diffuser vane height of centrifugal pump." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 82 (March 2017): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2017.02.014.

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