Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ceramics

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ceramics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Ceramics"

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Dejak, Beata Dorota, Cezary Langot, Michal Krasowski, and Marek Klich. "Evaluation of Hardness and Wear of Conventional and Transparent Zirconia Ceramics, Feldspathic Ceramic, Glaze, and Enamel." Materials 17, no. 14 (July 16, 2024): 3518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17143518.

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The aim of the study was to compare the hardness, coefficient of friction, and wear experienced by four different ceramic samples: 3Y-TZP zirconium oxide ceramics—Zi—Ceramill Zi (Amman Girrbach), 5Y-PSZ transparent zirconium oxide ceramics—Zol—Ceramill Zolid (Amman Girrbach), Sak—feldspathic ceramics—Sakura Interaction (Elephant), and Glaze (Amman Girrbach). The Vickers hardness of the samples was measured. Friction tests ball-on-disc were performed between the discs of four ceramics and a zirconia ceramic ball, then a premolar tooth as a counter-sample. The mass loss and the friction coefficients of the ceramic samples were determined. The tooth counter-samples were 3D scanned, and enamel attrition depths and mass were measured. The following hardness values (HV1) were obtained: 1454 ± 46 HV1 for Zi, 1439 ± 62 HV1 for Zol, 491 ± 16 HV1 for Sak, 593 ± 16 HV1 for Glaze, and 372 ± 41 HV1 for enamel. The mass losses of the teeth in contact with ceramics were 0.1 mg for Zi, 0.1 mg for Zol, 5.5 mg for Sak, and 4 mg for Glaze. Conventional and transparent zirconium oxide ceramics are four times harder than enamel and three times harder than veneering ceramics. Zirconia ceramics exhibit lower wear and a more homogenous, smoother surface than the other ceramics. Tooth tissues are subject to greater attrition in contact with veneering ceramics than with polished zirconium oxide ceramics.
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Adina, Jurca. "Contemporary ceramics art and its transgressive side." European Scientific e-Journal 4, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 77–83. https://doi.org/10.47451/art2020-12-001.

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This paper’s author proposes a discussion on the ranking of ceramics as art, a few aspects in regards to Ceramic Art’s inclusion in Contemporary Art context. The researcher is calling into question the shallow division between Decorative and Major Arts, a century after the distinction disappeared. Respectively, the art object made with ceramic material, in the general context of Contemporary Art and a few ways of manifestations of this art that leads toward permanent transgressive dimensions of artistic ceramic. The author concludes that Ceramic Art’s Transgressive character emerges out of its operative mobility, moving from organic to geometric or from ornamental to sculptural, its late 1960s evolution being decisively situated towards an expressive original with technicalities and unprecedented formal mixtures. Acest articol îşi propune o discuție despre statutul ceramicii ca manifestare artistică, câteva aspecte ce privesc incluziunea artei ceramice în contextul artei contemporane. Vom pune sub semnul întrebării modul superficial de a separa încă artele – Arte Decorative şi Arte Majore, după un secol de la renunțarea acestor granițe. Respectiv, obiectul de artă realizat în material ceramic într-un context general al artei contemporane şi câteva moduri de manifestare ale acesteia ce conduc într-o permanentă dimensiune transgresivă ale artei ceramice. Autorul concluzionează că caracterul transgresiv al ceramicii se desprinde din mobilitatea operativă a acesteia, trecând de la organic la geometric sau de la ornamental la sculptural, evoluția sa de la sfârșitul anilor 1960 fiind poziționată decisiv spre un original expresiv, cu tehnicalități și amestecuri formale inedite.
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Algatti, Mauricio A., Emerson Ferreira de Lucena, Élson de Campos, Rogério Pinto Mota, and Jerusa Góes Aragão Santana. "New Methodology in Modeling Ceramics." Advances in Science and Technology 63 (October 2010): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.158.

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The improvement of ceramic synthesis and processing methodology based on digital image processing and analysis of ceramic samples is in its initial stage. The main reason is that the models are based on poorly obtained data from sample’s digital image processing. The lack of a solid statistical analysis and digital-imaging setup standardization make the method less useful that it should be if set in a sound basis. Therefore the importance of setting a new methodology in digital image processing for data acquisition on ceramic morphology analysis is essential for setting new models for customized ceramic synthesis and processing. The present paper shows results based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) from Al2O3 ceramics obtained by starch consolidation method. Observation of different sample’s regions allowed a more accurate description of ceramic morphology. Plots of resistance to flexion versus porosity and its correlation with the grain size and shape allowed one to choose the best model for representing ceramic’s morphology. Correlation of starch percentage with sample’s porosity and mechanical resistance allowed the best experimental conditions for customized ceramic’s performance.
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Lv, Xiang, Xinyu Liu, and Jiagang Wu. "Decoding the correlation between initial polarity and strain property of BNT-based ceramics." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 16 (October 28, 2022): 164101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0121941.

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Although a large electric-induced strain has been obtained in sodium bismuth titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3, BNT)-based ceramics using chemical modifications, the effect of initial BNT-based ceramic's polarity on modulating strain properties was rarely reported. Herein, we comparatively studied the effect of tantalum (Ta) doping on two BNT-based ceramics with different ferroelectric polarities, namely, (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.935Ba0.065TiO3–0.7%Bi2FeCrO6 and (Bi0.98Gd0.02)0.5Na0.5TiO3. The former locates at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), whereas the latter is close to pristine BNT ceramics. An effective critical point, located at the crossover between ferroelectric and relaxor, is constructed in the former ceramic and significantly enhances strain properties, whereas a useless one is found in the latter ceramic due to the retention of a non-ergodic relaxor and has merely limited ability to promote strain properties. Our results demonstrate that the ferroelectric polarity of the initial BNT-based ceramic matrix also plays an important role in pursuing high strain properties.
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Hang, Xiao Cong, and Yun Kai Li. "Influence of Confinement on Ceramic’s Mechanical Properties." Materials Science Forum 848 (March 2016): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.249.

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The wide use of ceramic material in engineering is restricted by its brittleness, so the strengthening and toughening of ceramics is always a hot spot of research in material area. And in general, the modification of ceramics is achieved by changing its internal microstructure. In this paper the influence of confinement on the mechanical properties of ceramics and the specific use of this method were investigated. Firstly, the influence of confinement on ceramic’s fracture process was analyzed in theory. Then the three-point bending test was conducted using two types of ceramics, viz. Zirconia and Alumina. The experimental results showed that the fracturing load of zirconia increased from 4.3298 to 5.4639KN as the confinement was increased from 0 to 150MPa, 26.19% increase was found in the confined specimen. The same trend was observed in alumina, whose fracturing load increased from 3.0446 to 5.0259KN as the confinement was increased from 0 to 150MPa, 65.07% increase was found. After that, a series of ballistic experiments were performed. The target in this experiment was boron carbide ceramic, and it was confined by 45 steel. The results showed that with the constraint force was bigger, the ballistic efficiency factor was better and the depth of penetration was smaller. In other words, the confinement can increase the defensible performance of the target. In summary, the ceramic’s fracture toughness, defensible performance and ballistic efficiency factor can be increased by adding confinement to it.
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Colomban, Ph. "Gel technology in ceramics, glass-ceramics and ceramic-ceramic composites." Ceramics International 15, no. 1 (January 1989): 23–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-8842(89)90005-9.

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Cheng, Zhao Gang, Xin Hua Ni, and Xie Quan Liu. "The Mechanical-Stress-Field of Matrix in Eutectic Ceramic Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3607.

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Based on the interaction between nano-fiber and eutectic interphase, forth-phase mode is used to get the mechanical stress field of matrix in eutectic composite ceramics. The effective flexibility increment tensor of eutectic ceramic composite is obtained by the volumetric average strain. The remote stress boundary condition of the eutectic composite ceramis is accounted for getting the mechanical stress field in matrix. The results show the mechanical stress field of the matrix is associated with the stiffness and the volume fractions of each component in eutectic composite ceramic , the shape of interphase and nano-fiber. The stresses in matrix will decrease due to the strong constraining effects of the eutectic interphase. The eutectic interphase make the eutectic composite ceramics strengthen.
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Shi, Hao Yu, Runxuan Pang, Jing Yang, Di Fan, HongXin Cai, Heng Bo Jiang, Jianmin Han, Eui-Seok Lee, and Yunhan Sun. "Overview of Several Typical Ceramic Materials for Restorative Dentistry." BioMed Research International 2022 (July 18, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8451445.

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With the development of ceramic technology, prosthodontic ceramics are becoming a useful option for improving esthetic outcomes in dentistry. In this paper, various ceramic materials were reviewed and evaluated, and their advantages and disadvantages and indications in oral prosthodontics were analyzed objectively. The properties of resin-based ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and silicate ceramics were compared and analyzed. Resin-based ceramics may replace other ceramic materials in the CAD/CAM field.
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Ding, Liang. "Analysis of Creative Teaching of Ceramics and Student Creativity in Colleges and Universities in China." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, no. 2 (May 10, 2022): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-2-80-86.

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Ceramic art has been an important part of human culture for thousands of years and it has had a significant influence all over the world. China is the home country of ceramics and the progression of ceramic culture has contributed much to the development of human history and civilisation. Education has played a key role in this progression of ceramic art and through ceramics education, the ceramic culture, ceramic arts and the crafts of ceramics, ceramic skills have been passed down from one generation to the next. Ceramics education is an important part of art education. Faced with the globalisation of culture and economics, Chinese ceramic art education and global ceramic art education have a mutual influence on each other and are closely linked together. Therefore, achieving perfection and development in the ceramics education in Chinese universities, specifically in ceramics teaching, is important. In the long term, training students that have creative abilities will influence the current status and the future of ceramics education in China. Today, in China, ceramics are classified as either ‘handwork’ or ‘industrial arts’, focusing on production-oriented requirements like practicality, aesthetic appearance and economy. Ceramics teaching has been restricted by this traditional thinking as it conforms to existing stereotypes. Lacking an interactive paradigm that is open to change, the ceramics teaching in China attaches great importance to the mere training of skills. By analysing the current situation of ceramics education in colleges and universities in China, this paper discusses how to use creative teaching methods to guide students' learning consciousness, improve learning motivation and develop students' creativity from the perspectives of creative teaching and teaching creativity. This is to provide enlightening reflections on the cultivation of students' creativity in ceramics education in colleges and universities.
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Eagan, Robert J. "Ceramics." MRS Bulletin 12, no. 7 (November 1987): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400066902.

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Until the 1980s, most people thought of ceramics as artware and artifacts. The recent development of advanced ceramics for high performance thermal insulation (space shuttle tiles), high temperature structures (heat engines), and electronics (superconductors) has dramatically changed perceptions about the utility of ceramics.High technology ceramics are related to “traditional” ceramics only to the extent that they are inorganic, nonmetallic materials. Traditional ceramics are derived from minerals. For example, dinnerware and bricks consist mostly of clay, while sand is the major ingredient in flat glass and containers. Abundant raw materials, simple processing, adequate performance at low cost, and technological evolution have kept these industries viable for several thousand years.But, for demanding electronic or structural applications, synthesizing ceramics from minerals is often unacceptable. The chemical variability of mineral deposits, the difficulty of obtaining a homogeneous mixture of powders, and the problems of consolidating the powders into a uniform ceramic with desirable grain morphology, chemistry and grain boundary phases have stimulated the development of chemically derived ceramic precursors.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ceramics"

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Dobedoe, Richard Simon. "Glass-ceramics for ceramic/ceramic and ceramic/metal joining applications." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4217/.

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The use of sintered cordierite/enstatite glass-ceramics as interlayers for joining silicon nitride to itself and to metals has been investigated. The role of the additives B203 and P205, which control the dynamics of sintering and crystallisation, has been studied using SEM, XRD and non-isothermal DTA-based measurements of activation energy. The measured activation energies for the crystallisation of μ-cordierite, for compositions with no additives, with B203 only, and with P205 only, did not differ significantly and were in the range 415-460 kJ mol-1. When both B203 and P205 were present this was increased to 503-524 kJ mol-1. The activation energy for α-cordierite formation when no additives were present was 952 ± 57 kJ mol-1. This was substantially reduced by the presence of B203 (540 ± 27 kJ mol-1), P205 (668 ± 41 kJ mol-1) and when both were present (352 ± 26 kJ mol-1). Cordierite/enstatite glass-ceramics have been successfully used to join silicon nitride to itself. Joining at 1050-1100'C in N2 with an applied load of ~ 2.5 MPa, resulted in joint strengths, measured in 4-pt bending, of 110-170 MPa. This is comparable to the intrinsic strength of the glass-ceramic and sufficient for practical applications. These strengths were obtained using an interlayer with a TCE (5.7 MK-1) greater than that of the silicon nitride (3.0 MK-1). Suggestions for further improvements to the joint strength are discussed. The use of a glass-ceramic joint with graded thermal expansion to bridge a TCE mismatch is discussed, and the geometrical restrictions on the joint, which limit possible practical applications, are outlined. The concept of a ceramic/metal compression joint with a glass-ceramic interlayer has been demonstrated for joining silicon nitride to both Nimonic alloy 80A and Ti. The requirements for continuity of electronic structure at the Nimonic 80A/glass-ceramic and the Ti/glass-ceramic interfaces are satisfied by reaction between the glass/glass-ceramic and, the pre-oxidised surface of the Nimonic alloy to form a MgTi205-Al2TiO5 solid solution phase, and the Ti to form Ti5Si3. For the lower WE mismatch (Ti-silicon nitride) the residual joining stresses generated on cooling were marginally too high and need to be further reduced, either by a slight alteration to the joint geometry and/or a smaller WE mismatch.
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Wade, James. "Contact damage of ceramics and ceramic nanocomposites." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/24932.

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Herein, we study the contact damage performance of two armour ceramics, alumina and silicon carbide, with varying microstructures and one particle-reinforced ceramic nanocomposite, alumina/silicon carbide, in an attempt to understand the microstructural mechanisms that affect plasticity and cracking under quasi-static and dynamic conditions. Quasi-static contact damage was imitated using Vickers indentation over a varying load regime. Numerical analysis of the indentation size effect, performed using the proportional specimen resistance model, allowed the contributions of plastic deformation and cracking to be separated into two individual values. In all three samples, higher levels of surface energy were found to correlate with increased amounts of cracking per unit area of indentation impression. Analytical modelling of crack initiation during Vickers indentation together with quantitative measurements of surface flaw populations revealed that such an increase in cracking damage was the result of higher densities of larger flaws. The hardness of the monolithic ceramics was found vary based on grain size and porosity levels, a smaller average grain size and lower porosity levels resulting in higher hardness values. In the nanocomposite materials, hardening was found to occur with further additions of silicon carbide nanoparticles. Such an effect has been attributed to the increased dislocation densities, as measured using Cr3+/Al2O3 fluorescence spectroscopy, and the impedance of dislocation movement within the lattice due to the presence of silicon carbide nanoparticles. In order to simulate dynamic contact damage, a low velocity, scaled-down drop-weight test was designed and developed. The dynamic contact damage resistance was determined based on the depth of penetration of a blunt indenter. In the monolithic ceramics, the indenter penetration was found to be shallower in materials of higher hardness. However, the nanocomposite materials displayed an opposing trend, the indenter penetration becoming deeper in the samples of higher hardness. The macro-scale fracture patterns produced during drop-weight impacts were seen to vary based on flaw populations and indenter penetration. In certain microstructures, extensive micro-cracking was also observed.
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VENTRELLA, ANDREA. "JOINING OF CERAMIC COMPOSITES AND ADVANCED CERAMICS." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2502686.

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Ceramics and Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) are well known as useful materials for harsh environment applications. Ceramic components have been widely used as abrasives, cutting tools, nuclear fuel elements, catalyst supports and astronomical telescope mirrors. Generally speaking, ceramics and CMC are excellent candidates for high-temperature applications because of their good mechanical properties and thermal stability at elevated temperatures. However, to produce large-size and complex components, development and testing of joints for ceramics and CMC are fundamental. Joining materials and techniques currently available to join ceramic and CMC include diffusion bonding using various active fillers, transient eutectic phase methods such as nano-infiltration and transient eutectic-phase (NITE), laser joining, selected area chemical vapor deposition , glass-ceramic joining , solid state displacement reactions, preceramic polymer routes, reaction forming, brazing. Adhesive joining materials (e.g. epoxy resins) are used to join ceramics only for applications at temperature lower than 150 °C, i.e. adhesively bonded joints are widely used for automotive, aerospace, electronic and packaging applications. Together with the need of a reliable joining method, a widely accepted standard to test the mechanical strength of joined ceramics and composites is still unavailable and measuring the shear strength of the same joining material with different test methods could lead to different results. The aim of this Thesis is to compare and discuss several different shear strength tests used to join ceramics and CMC, with the final goal to provide designers and scientific community a widely accepted, reliable test method. A homogeneous pure shear stress state is not obtainable with most of the currently used single or double lap tests, which give apparent and not pure shear strength of the joined samples; in addition, the presence of several different apparent shear strength tests in the literature makes comparison quite impossible. The asymmetrical four point bending test (ASTM C1469-10) is recommended as a standard test by the ASTM to test joined ceramics and composites, but notches have to be cut in the joined area when the joining material strength is high. When the shear strength of the joining material approaches that of the substrate to be joined, ASTM C1469-10 is not suitable. With torsion tests a pure shear loading strength can be measured without using notches. One of the very first proposals for torsion test for epoxy bonded aluminum alloy samples was reported by M. Ouddane et al.: as thoroughly discussed there, torsion results were considered more reliable than those obtained by standard lap tests, the improvement mainly due to the fact that lap tests induce non uniform stress concentrations that affect the reliability of results. Recent papers deal with torsion tests on joined hourglass shaped samples : preliminary results suggest that the torsion test method with a miniature specimen has a potential to evaluate the shear properties of the joint interface, provided that the fracture occurs in the joined area. Torsion tests have been thoroughly analyzed in this Thesis: a pure non-uniform shear stress distribution is obtained with torsion tests; together with asymmetrical four point bending test (ASTM C1469-10), torsion test is the only one able to measure pure shear strength of joined ceramics and composites. The torsion test method is proposed in some ASTM standards but none of them is directly applicable to joined ceramics: the main result of this Thesis is to demonstrate the reliability of torsion as a method to measure the shear strength of joined ceramics and CMC. Two torsion standards have been adapted to joined C/C and ceramics, first by preparing square section samples (TS), rods (TC), tubes (TT), then by mechanically shaping the joined samples as a hourglass in different shapes. The choice of an epoxy resin (Araldite AV119) to join SiC in this PhD thesis was done in order to have a “model” brittle joining material to obtain a statistically relevant number of joined samples in a reasonable time, to compare shear strength results . More than one hundred joined samples have been prepared and tested at room temperature by asymmetrical four point bending (A4PB) (ASTM C1469-10), torsion on square section samples (TS), torsion on circular section rods (TC), torsion on hourglass shaped samples (THG, TDHG, TRHG), torsion of tubes (TT), single lap in compression (SL), single lap off set in compression (SLO), double lap off set in compression (DLO), Brazilian test (BT), double notch (DN) methods. A modified ASTM B898 standard has been used as a further example of single lap test in compression to complete the comparison work (B898).
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Mussi, Toschi Vitoria. "Lead-free ferroelectric ceramics for multilayer ceramic capacitors." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC089.

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De nos jours, la consommation des condensateurs céramiques multicouches (MLCCs) augmente en raison de leur efficacité et leur fiabilité. La miniaturisation résultant dans une plus grande dissipation volumique de chaleur et les nouvelles applications demandent des MLCCs qui peuvent travailler de 300 à 350°C, au-delà des limites actuelles de 200 – 250°C. De plus, les exigences environnementales augmentent également avec les réglementations REACH et RoHS qui interdisent l'utilisation du plomb en Europe. Il est donc impératif de créer des nouveaux matériaux sans plomb capables de répondre aux nouvelles attentes des MLCC.Cependant, la compatibilité avec les méthodes de production industrielle, ainsi que les prix du marché sont des limites importantes. Trois familles de matériaux sans plomb ont été examinées : celle du BaTiO3 (BT), du K0.5Na0.5NbO3 et du Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT). Le NBT-BT à la MPB (6 % BT) a été choisi comme matériau diélectrique de base. Plusieurs méthodes et paramètres de synthèse ont ensuite été étudiés pour déterminer les meilleures conditions de synthèse. La synthèse à l'état solide et le frittage traditionnel ont été choisis pour les échantillons en massif et le coulage en bande a été choisi pour les couches. Pour éviter l'évaporation des espèces volatiles, le frittage a été effectué en couvrant le NBT-BT par une poudre de ZrO2. Tous les échantillons présentaient des phases secondaires contenant du Ba (Ba2TiO4 et Ba2Ti9O20) en raison de l'évaporation du Na pendant le frittage. Un effet de peau créé par la coexistence des phases tétragonale, rhomboédrique et cubique a également été observé, lié à la concentration locale de Ba dans le réseau cristallin du NBT. Les effets des paramètres de synthèse et la stœchiométrie des réactifs sur les propriétés diélectriques, la résistance d'isolement et la séparation des phases ont été analysés. La stœchiométrie nominale Na0.44Bi0.48Ba0.06TiO3 était la plus appropriée pour les MLCC en raison de sa résistance d'isolement élevée, de ses faibles pertes diélectriques et de sa stabilité de la permittivité en température. La présence de phases secondaires est initialement bénéfique en raison de l'élimination des lacunes d'oxygène. Au-delà d'une fraction volumique critique (2.5 à 3.0 %) et d'une taille de grain moyenne critique (0.9 à 3.0 m2), la tendance s'inverse en raison de la nature conductrice des phases secondaires.Pour atteindre la fraction volumique et la taille de grain critiques, un agent dispersant a été utilisé lors du broyage dans la jarre de YSZ, avec du MEK et de l'éthanol comme solvants, et sans sécher les réactifs avant la pesée. Enfin, la relaxation des contraintes a été réalisée à 400°C pendant 3 heures. Trois modèles ont été utilisés pour expliquer la dispersion des propriétés diélectriques en fréquence : le modèle de Maxwell-Wagner, le modèle de Nyquist et la loi de Curie-Weiss modifiée. Les incompatibilités entre les propriétés diélectriques du NBT-BT rapportées dans la littérature ont ensuite été analysées soulignant l'importance d'avoir des méthodes de synthèse et de mesure strictes. Les trois principaux facteurs affectant les propriétés diélectriques induisant ces incompatibilités étaient la stœchiométrie, la méthode de métallisation et la fixation des fils électriques à l'aide de la laque d'argent. Des pertes diélectriques croissantes à haute température a aussi été observée après chaque cycle thermique dépassant les 300°C, indiquant une dégradation thermique des échantillons.Enfin, les monocouches céramiques ont montré une faible densité (62%) après frittage, limitant la plage de température correspondant aux spécifications d'Exxelia. Cependant, en utilisant un pressage des couches avant frittage, l'échantillon multicouche fritté présentait une densité élevée (89%). Une mesure des propriétés diélectriques doit être effectuée sur cet échantillon multicouche synthétisé, afin de déterminer sa compatibilité avec les spécifications d’Exxelia<br>MLCC consumption is today increasing due to their high efficiency, reliability and frequency characteristics. MLCCs that can work from 300 to 350°C are required both for miniaturization, resulting in greater volume heat dissipation and for new applications. Moreover, environmental requirements are also increasing, the REACH and RoHS regulations prohibiting the use of lead in Europe. It is imperative to create new lead-free materials that are able to meet those requirements.However, the compatibility with the production methods, price, and market are important industrial limitations that need to be considered.Three families of lead-free materials were examined: BaTiO3-based, K0.5Na0.5NbO3-based and Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-based materials. NBT-BT at the morphotropic phase boundary (6% BT) was chosen as the base dielectric material.Several synthesis methods and parameters were studied to determine the best synthesis conditions. Solid-state synthesis and traditional sintering were chosen for the bulk samples and tape casting was chosen for the layer samples preparation. Sintering was done under ZrO2 powder to prevent the evaporation of volatile species.All samples had secondary Ba-containing phases (Ba2TiO4 and Ba2Ti9O20) formed because of the evaporation of Na during sintering. A skin-effect was observed due to a phase coexistence (tetragonal, rhombohedral, and cubic) due to the local concentration of Ba in the NBT lattice.The effects of the synthesis parameters and the stoichiometry of the reactants on dielectric properties, insulation resistance, and phase separation were analysed.The Na0.44Bi0.48Ba0.06TiO3 nominal stoichiometry was the most suitable for the MLCCs due to its high insulation resistance, low dielectric losses, and stability of permittivity in temperature.The phase separation was initially beneficial, due to the resulting elimination of oxygen vacancies. Above a critical volume fraction (2.5 to 3.0%) and a critical mean surface area (0.9 to 3.0 m2), the trend was reversed due to the conductive nature of the secondary phases.To achieve the critical volume fraction and surface area of the secondary phases, a dispersing agent was used during ball-milling in YSZ jar, with MEK and ethanol as solvents, and without drying the reactants prior to weighing. Finally, a strain relaxation was done at 400°C for 3 hours.Three models explained the frequency dispersion of the dielectric properties: the Maxwell-Wagner model, the Nyquist plot and the modified Curie-Weiss law.Incompatibilities between the dielectric properties of NBT-BT reported in the literature were then analysed, showing the importance of maintaining strict synthesis and measurement methods. The three main factors affected the dielectric properties, creating these incompatibilities in the bulk samples. There were the stoichiometry, the metallization method, and the fixing of the electrical leads using silver paste.An increase of the high-temperature dielectric losses after each thermal cycle reaching more than 300°C was observed, indicating a thermal degradation of the material.Finally, the sintered ceramic monolayers showed a low density (62%), limiting the temperature range corresponding to Exxelia’s specifications. However, after pressing the layers together before sintering, the sintered multilayer sample showed a high density (89%). Dielectric property measurement should be carried out for these synthesized multilayers
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Hill, Arnold Hill. "PRODUCTION OF BULK CERAMIC SHAPES FROM POLYMER DERIVED CERAMICS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4248.

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A method has been developed to produce bulk ceramic components from a class of ceramics known as polymer derived ceramics. In the past polymer derived ceramics have been limited to thin film applications or in the fabrication of MEMS devices. The reason being that when the polymer is into a ceramic, large quantities of gas are generated which produce internal pressure that fractures the ceramic components. The method developed here solves that issue by casting into the polymer a 3 dimensional network of polymer fibers in the form of a foam which, during pyrolysis, burns out and leaves a network of open channels that allows decomposition gases to escape thus preventing pressure from building up. The inclusion of the polymer foam allows for the formation of strong plastic like green bodies which can be machined into any shape. The green bodies are then pyrolized into ceramic components. This process allows for the simple and inexpensive fabrication of complex ceramic components that have the potential to replace current components that are made with traditional methods.<br>M.S.M.S.E.<br>Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Materials Science & Engr MSMSE
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Feilden, Ezra. "Additive manufacturing of ceramics and ceramic composites via robocasting." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/55940.

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In the last two decades additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a highly important and influential technology. A large range of approaches to AM have been developed which give rise to hundreds of distinct techniques. Many of these are specific to one material system, and only a handful have been successful at producing ceramic parts. Robocasting is one such technique, having been used to produce complex ceramic parts with reasonable mechanical properties. In this thesis robocasting is investigated further, firstly by characterising the rheology of the robocasting paste, and then by measuring the strength and reliability of ceramic parts produced by robocasting. The critical defects associated with the process are identified, and efforts have been made to eliminate them. Furthermore, it was possible to produce a new class of ceramic composites consisting of alumina platelets aligned by the shear forces that arise during printing. These platelets themselves and the composites were extensively characterised. A new in-situ double cantilever test was developed in order to study the fracture behaviour of the composites. Lastly, the principle of using the printing process to align platelets was applied to fibres in order to create printed fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composites, and printed carbon fibre reinforced epoxy.
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Santana, Jerusa Góes Aragão [UNESP]. "Desenvolvimento de cerâmicas multicamadas de carbeto de silício destinadas a aplicações térmicas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103760.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-04-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:22:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santana_jga_dr_guara.pdf: 3216476 bytes, checksum: e873d90ab626be457200e6023fa5308c (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Companhia Siderurgica de Tubarao<br>Cerâmicas multicamadas de carbeto de silício foram obtidas por conformação por consolidação ou prensagem e utilizando diferentes técnicas de adesão das camadas. Produzidas com duas ou três camadas e apresentando gradientes de porosidades, a sistemática para obtenção destas cerâmicas teve início com o estudo individual das amostras. Para atender a níveis de porosidades previamente estabelecidos (15, 30 e 50%), foram conformadas amostras com diferentes composições e percentuais de sólidos. Na prensagem uniaxial utilizou-se um aditivo de sinterização (YAG) para controle do nível de porosidade das amostras. Por meio da realização de ensaios físicos, mecânicos, microscópicos e termomecânicos, foi possível conhecer as particularidades e características inerentes ao método de conformação empregado. As cerâmicas conformadas por prensagem apresentaram melhores acabamentos superficiais, poros pequenos, menores incidências de defeitos, porosidade e resistência mecânica influenciada pelo teor de aditivo empregado. Nas cerâmicas conformadas por consolidação, a existência de uma elevada porosidade associada a defeitos como trincas e fissuras, deterioraram a resistência mecânica das amostras. Baseando-se nos resultados obtidos, partiu-se então, para confecção das cerâmicas multicamadas. Na conformação por consolidação foram produzidas cerâmicas com duas ou três camadas, utilizando-se dois métodos: sobreposição direta e sobreposição por meio de sulcos. Na sobreposição direta a constituição das camadas ocorreu por entorno da dispersão sobre uma camada anteriormente processada. Entretanto, as tensões originadas durante as etapas de secagem conduziram a formação de abaulamento no ponto de adesão das camadas, comprometendo a sua resistência. A utilização de um defloculante polietilenimina...<br>Multilayer ceramics of silicon carbide were obtained by consolidation or pressing by using different techniques for layers adhesion. Produced with two or three layers and showing porosity gradients, the method for obtaining these ceramics began with the individual study of the samples. In order to achieve the porosity levels previously established (15, 30 and 50%), the samples were conformed with different compositions and percentages of solids. A sintering additive (YAG) was used in the uniaxial pressing in order to control the porosity of the samples. Through physical, mechanical, microscopic and thermomechanical tests, it was possible to know the peculiarities and characteristics related to the conforming method that was used. The obtained ceramics by pressing showed better superficial finish, small pores, lower incidence of defects, porosity and mechanical strength, influenced by the percentage of additive employed in the samples. The ceramic samples by consolidation had their mechanical strength damaged due to the high porosity associated with defects such as cracks and fissures. Multilayer ceramics were produced from the obtained results. Ceramic samples were produced by consolidation with two or three layers, by using two methods: direct overlap and overlap through grooves. In the direct overlap, the layer forming was performed by pouring the dispersion over another layer previously processed. However, the arisen tensions during the drying steps, made the interface between the layers become convex, compromising their strength. The use of the dispersant polyethylenimine (Lupasol SK), with high molecular weight, formed a thick film on the sample surface, allowing the production of grooves between the layers. The reduction of tensions on sample layers enabled the ceramic forming without defects on the interface. Samples produced... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Adicks, Michael Kent. "Strength characterization of thin-wall hollow ceramic spheres from slurries." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/9318.

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Katti, Kalpana Shastri. "Microstructure and local dielectric function in barium titanate based electroceramics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10590.

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Sujirot, Kuljira. "Silicate glass-ceramics containing fluoride for application in ceramic-matrix-composites." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7435.

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Books on the topic "Ceramics"

1

Canada. Office of Industrial Innovation. Advanced ceramics. [Ottawa]: Office of Industrial Innovation, 1986.

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Staccioli, Paola. Paola Staccioli: Ceramiche/ceramics. Firenze: Edizioni Polistampa, 2017.

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R, Levine Stanley, ed. Ceramics and ceramic-matrix composites. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992.

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1919-, Saito Shinroku, ed. Fine ceramics. New York: Elsevier, 1988.

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Shigeyuki, Sōmiya, ed. Advanced ceramics III. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1990.

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Sagamore Army Materials Research Conference (37th 1990 Plymouth, Mass.). Structural ceramics. [Washington, D.C.?: Dept. of the Army, 1990.

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Sansoni, Marta, and Alessio Sarri. Raw-less: Designer ceramics = ceramica d'autore. Firenze: Mandragora, 2018.

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Shi, Feng. Ceramic materials: Progress in modern ceramics. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, 2012.

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1944-, Richerson David W., ed. Ceramics: Applications in manufacturing. Dearborn, Mich: Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Publications Development Dept., Reference Publications Division, 1988.

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Conference, European Ceramic Society. Euro-ceramics. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ceramics"

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Shanaghi, Ali, Paul K. Chu, Ali Reza Souri, and Babak Mehrjou. "Advanced Ceramics (Self-healing Ceramic Coatings)." In Advanced Ceramics, 137–74. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43918-6_4.

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Kolb, Charles C. "Ceramics." In Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology, 118–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4409-0_32.

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Kobayashi, Toshiro. "Ceramics." In Strength and Toughness of Materials, 227–45. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53973-5_11.

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Kamiya, T., N. Ohashi, and J. Tanaka. "Ceramics." In Hartree-Fock-Slater Method for Materials Science, 85–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31297-8_4.

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Eisenbach, Iris. "Ceramics." In English for Materials Science and Engineering, 40–50. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-9955-2_4.

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Nussinovitch, A. "Ceramics." In Hydrocolloid Applications, 190–204. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6385-3_11.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Ceramics." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 131. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2162.

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Kishawy, Hossam A., and Ali Hosseini. "Ceramics." In Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology, 179–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95966-5_6.

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Lam, Raymond H. W., and Weiqiang Chen. "Ceramics." In Biomedical Devices, 117–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24237-4_5.

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Tadros, Tharwat. "Ceramics." In Encyclopedia of Colloid and Interface Science, 83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20665-8_50.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ceramics"

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Richerson, David W., and D. A. Haught. "Advanced Ceramics for High-Temperature Service." In CORROSION 1999, 1–12. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99273.

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Abstract Extensive development of advanced ceramics during the past 30 years has resulted in major improvements in strength, fracture toughness, and high-temperature stability. Aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and transformation-toughened ceramics all have become well established in a wide range of industrial applications. Coatings have continued to grow in importance, and ceramic matrix composites are just beginning to enter field testing. In parallel to the materials improvements, advances in analysis and design methods have helped advanced ceramics to fit into applications previously thought too challenging for ceramics. The risk of catastrophic brittle failure of ceramics has now been reduced to a manageable level, so that engineers can take advantage of the favorable corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high-temperature stability.
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Guljajeva, Varvara, Mar Canet Sola, Martin Melioranski, Lauri Kilusk, and Kaiko Kivi. "Loading Ceramics: Visualising Possibilities of Robotics in Ceramics." In 2024 IEEE VIS Arts Program (VISAP), 53–68. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/visap64569.2024.00009.

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Craig, Phillip A. "Continuous Fiber Ceramic Composites- A New Generation of Materials for Industrial and Corrosive Applications." In CORROSION 1999, 1–11. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99268.

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Abstract The market for advanced ceramics is very large and growing rapidly, at a rate of 20 percent per year. These materials are characterized by their excellent high temperature properties. They are finding use where temperatures exceed the capability of other materials, especially metals. Even so, they are not selected for many applications because of the brittleness of monolithic ceramics. In the search for improvement, material scientists reinforce ceramics with continuous ceramic fibers, such as silicon carbide. Embedded continuous ceramic fibers reinforce the ceramic matrix by deflecting and bridging fractures. These continuous fiber ceramic composite (CFCC) materials offer the advantages of ceramics-resistance to heat, erosion, and corrosion--while adding toughness and thermal shock resistance. CFCC materials are evolving to the advanced product development stage with Department of Energy support in the CFCC program. Designers are evaluating them in corrosive applications in major industries. Various CFCC’s are described and several case studies of CVI SiC/SiC application testing are reveiwed.
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Shakirzyanov, R. I., Yuriy A. Garanin, Artem L. Kozlovskiy, Dmitriy I. Shlimas, Maxim V. Zdorovets, and Dilnaz K. Zhamikhanova. "Study of Phase Composition and Microstructure of Porous Alumina Ceramics Derived from Hydrothermal Powders." In 2024 8th International Conference on Materials Engineering and Nano Sciences & 2024 8th International Conference on Material Engineering and Manufacturing, 19–24. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-k3kqa8.

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Conventional ceramic technology is a widespread technique for synthesizing a large range of materials for household use and engineering applications. However, for advanced technical ceramics different approaches should be used in order to obtain materials with unique physical properties. Despite the well-known technology for the synthesis of alumina-based ceramics, there are a lot of challenges in optimizing manufacturing conditions or integrating the newest technologies. In particular, there are still some challenges in sintering porous bulk ceramics. In this paper, we report on synthesizing mixed-phase porous α-Al2O3 by modernized ceramic technology method. Precursor powders for compaction were obtained by the hydrothermal method in a Teflon vessel. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the synthesized samples. It was demonstrated that hydrothermal precursors with chemical residuals make it possible to synthesize porous ceramics with an open porosity of 55–80% and an apparent density of 0.76–1.80 g/cm3. The change in microstructure of sintered samples is explained by precursor powder morphology. The developed approaches can be used in modernized ceramic technology to synthesize porous oxide materials for filters of gases and liquids or refractories.
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Keiser, James R., Michael Howell, Joseph J. Williams, and Robert A. Rosenberg. "Compatibility of Selected Ceramics with Steam-Methane Reformer Environments." In CORROSION 1996, 1–8. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96140.

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Abstract Conventional steam reforming of methane to synthesis gas (CO and H2) has a conversion efficiency of about 85%. Replacement of metal tubes in the reformer with ceramic tubes offers the potential for operation at temperatures high enough to increase the efficiency to 98 to 99%. However, the two candidate ceramic materials being given strongest consideration, sintered alpha silicon carbide and silicon carbide particulate-strengthened alumina, have been shown to react with components of the reformer environment. The extent of degradation as a function of steam partial pressure and exposure time has been studied, and the results suggest limits under which these structural ceramics can be used in advanced steam-methane reformers.
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Slavin, Michael J., and Jeffrey J. Gruber. "Ultrasonic Characterization of Ceramics." In ASME 1987 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/87-gt-1.

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This paper discusses ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods that are useful for ceramic characterization. These methods are: ultrasonic velocity measurements, velocity and defect C-scans and attenuation measurements. The way in which the ultrasonic measurements are influenced by the ceramic’s structure and properties is examined. The ultrasonic techniques discussed in this paper are routinely used as part of an inspection/quality control procedure of ceramics for armor and heat engine applications. Sintered beta silicon carbide (β-SiC), sintered alpha silicon carbide (α-SiC) and hot pressed titanium diboride (TiB2) have been well characterized by these techniques. Elastic modulus values as determined from velocity measurements agree very well with values measured from flexural tests. Correlations between the velocity C-scans, elastic properties and densities have also been determined. The limitations and potential of each of the ultrasonic techniques are discussed.
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Chin, Sam, Keunwook Kim, Audrey An, Quincy Kuang, and Kai Zhang. "Conductive Ceramics: Embedding Electronics in Everyday Ceramic Objects." In CHI EA '25: Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–7. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3706599.3720267.

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Scheitz, S., F. L. Toma, T. Kuntze, C. Leyens, and S. Thiele. "Surface Preparation for Ceramics Functionalization by Thermal Spraying." In ITSC2015, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen, and C. A. Widener. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2015p0684.

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Abstract Dense sintered technical ceramics demand special surface preparation in order to be coated by thermal spraying. Sandblasting results in the damage of the interface region and leads to bonding defects. On the contrary, by varying the laser conditions, different laser structured surfaces were generated, which at Rz roughness values in the range of 40 μm, allowed to achieve thick and well bonding coatings. Therefore, laser ablation is proved to be the best method for surface preparation of ceramic substrates. In the case of porous ceramics (including pre-sintered ceramics) substrate preparation can be omitted, depending on their porosity level. Ceramics with porosity content up to 60 % can be coated by APS, whereas HVOF can be used on ceramics with porosity up to 30 %. On ready-to-get-coated pre-sintered ceramic parts (without substrate preparation), followed by co-firing of the substrates and coatings, the development of new ceramic components is possible.
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Yoshida, K., T. Taira, and A. Ikesue. "Continuous-wave diode-pumped Nd3+: YAG ceramics laser." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cwf17.

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Recently, we have developed a Nd:YAG ceramics with high optical quality [1]. The YAG ceramic allows high neodymium-ion doping to overcome low absorption cross-section. Table 1 shows the absorption coefficient of a 0.9 at.% Nd:YAG single crystal and Nd:YAG ceramics (1.1, 2.4, 4.8, and 9.1 at.%) in the 808 nm region. The 9.1 at.% Nd:YAG ceramic has about 10 times higher absorption coefficient than 0.9 at.% Nd:YAG single crystal. The laser chip was made from aYAG ceramic with 4.8 at.% Nd3+ doping level, cut to a 1.61 mm thickness. In an only polished chip Nd:YAG ceramics, single mode oscillation power of 213 mW with LD pump power of 1.6 W and a laser threshold of 334.6 mW was obtained. The slope efficiency was 17.6 %. Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal modes of the Nd:YAG ceramics laser with 200 mW output power.
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Feng, X., X. Wang, L. Deng, and J. Xie. "The Oxidation Behavior and Mechanism of Plasma Spraying ZrB2 Ceramic Coating with SiC Addition." In ITSC2017, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, Y. C. Lau, A. McDonald, F. L. Toma, E. Turunen, and C. A. Widener. DVS Media GmbH, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2017p0996.

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Abstract Plasma spraying ZrB2 ceramic coating is considered as potential candidate method of Thermal Protective System. While the application of plasma sprayed ZrB2 coating is restricted due to its oxidation. Therefore, it is important to study the oxidation behavior of the ZrB2 material. In this research, oxidation behavior of the ZrB2 ceramic, which achieve different density by using SPS and pressureless sintering, is studied to explain the oxidation behavior of plasma spraying ZrB2 ceramic coating. The oxidation behavior of ZrB2 ceramics is investigated using SEM, XRD and EDS. The ZrB2–based ceramic coating is gravely oxidized at 600°C, but the block ZrB2–based ceramics also possess excellent oxidation resistance above 1000°C. The density of ZrB2 ceramics significantly increase when changing the sintering method from pressureless sintering to SPS. The high density has beneficial effect to improve the oxidation resistance of ZrB2 ceramic, for there are few open pores channel in high density ceramics. The oxygen cannot diffuse to the inner through pores, as a result, the high density ceramics can only be oxidized from outside to inside progressively, unlike low density ceramics, whose surface and inner is oxidized simultaneously.
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Reports on the topic "Ceramics"

1

Raengthon, Natthaphon. Cation vacancy defect in modified barium titanate ferroelectric ceramics. Chulalongkorn University, 2021. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2021.22.

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Development of advanced technologies for electronic applications, particularly aiming to increase energy efficiency and sustainability, are increasing in demand for regular usage. A majority of this development involves improvement of material's properties. Researcher has been continuously studied and developed new electronic material. Ferroelectric ceramic is one of many materials that is of interest, for example, lead-based (e.g. Pb(Mg₁/₃Nb₂/₃)O₃: PMN) and lead-free (e.g. Ba(Zr,Ti)O₃: BZT) materials. It is, however, known that the RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive) listed Lead (Pb) as one of the hazardous materials and is restricted for using in many electronic applications. Therefore, the development of lead-free materials has increased in attention and there is many more aspects of research to be explored. The electrical properties of relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, especially dielectric and ferroelectric behaviors, are improved from normal ferroelectric ceramic, which led to the usage of these materials in various applications such as capacitors and piezoelectric devices. A majority of researches focuses on fundamental understanding of relaxor behavior both experimentally and theoretically as well as device development based on these materials. In fabrication process, it is common to find defects in polycrystalline materials, which can be in a range of atomicscale to micro-scale. These defects play major roles in controlling electrical properties of the ceramics. In some applications, defects can be advantage as to improve the properties of the devices. On the other hand, properties of devices can be deteriorated by the present of defects leading to electrical fatigue and failure of devices under extreme conditions. It is, therefore, important to understand how cation vacancy defect affects electrical properties of modified barium titanate ferroelectric ceramics. The effect of Acation non-stoichiometry on the electrical properties of barium strontium titanate ceramics is an interesting topic of investigation. This study examined the stoichiometric, Ba-excess, Ba-deficient, Sr-excess and Sr-deficient compositions of (Ba₀.₈Sr₀.₂)Ti0₃ ceramics. A-cation non-stoichiometry of (Ba₀.₈₀Sr₀.₂₀)TiO₃ ceramics affected dielectric properties differently. The Ba- and Sr-excess compositions decreased dielectric constant at Tmax while still maintaining broad phase transition characteristics. In contrast, dielectric constant increased in the Ba- and Sr-deficient compositions. The characteristics of electrical conduction are different at high temperatures when Ba- and Sr-deficiency is introduced to the dielectrics. Ti⁴⁺ state for the Ba-deficient composition is maintained. However, Ti⁴⁺state partially changes to Ti³⁺ state, giving rise in the polaron hopping conduction process for Sr-deficient composition. Therefore, this study shows that minor deviation of A-cation from stoichiometry can induce a different conduction process while maintaining the dielectric permittivity characteristics.
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2

Clarke, D. R., and D. Wolf. Grain boundaries in ceramics and ceramic-metal interfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6923214.

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Tortorelli, P. F. High-temperature corrosion resistance of ceramics and ceramic coatings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/450771.

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Munro, R. G., and S. M. Hsu. Advanced ceramics :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.88-3722.

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Averback, R. S. Nanophase Ceramics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada255320.

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Alivisatos, A. P. Nanocrystal Ceramics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada423843.

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Hubbard, C. R., S. J. Dapkunas, R. G. Munro, and S. M. Hsu. Advanced ceramics :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.88-3706.

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Nieh, T. G. Metallurgy and Ceramics/Superplasticity in Metals and Ceramics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004307.

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Tressler, Richard E., and Robert E. Newnham. Tailoring Multiphase Ceramics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada164010.

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Wayne, S. F., J. H. Selverian, and D. O'Neil. Development of adherent ceramic coatings to reduce contact stress damage of ceramics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6623608.

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