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Journal articles on the topic 'Cercle discret'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 June 2024

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1

Saarimäki, Heini, Athanasios Gotsopoulos, Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, et al. "Discrete Neural Signatures of Basic Emotions." Cerebral Cortex 26, no. 6 (2015): 2563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhv086.

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2

Mathéus, F. "Empilements de cercles et discrétisation quasiconforme: comportement asymptotique des rayons." Discrete & Computational Geometry 22, no. 1 (1999): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00009448.

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3

Daigle, Jean. "Les caisses populaires acadiennes du Nouveau-Brunswick : genèse et développement, 1930‑1950." Historical Papers 24, no. 1 (2006): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030996ar.

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Résumé Divers facteurs et organismes influencent, de façon différente mais complémentaire, la diffusion du coopératisme chez les Acadiens du Nouveau-Brunswick. Une des causes premières de son implantation est certes la nécessité d'établir un programme de restauration sociale suite aux mutations de l'économie mondiale au début du 20e siècle. En deuxième lieu, les élites locales (clergé, agronomes) s'impliquent à soulager les maux les plus évidents de la crise en encourageant l'éducation des adultes. La diffusion des cercles d'études et la participation d'un grand nombre de personnes à leurs tra

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Rontu, Heidi, Ulla-Kristiina Tuomi, Petra Gekeler, Cristina Pérez Guillot, and Sabina Schaffner. "Focus on management and leadership in language centres: The needs and challenges of a language centre director." Language Learning in Higher Education 9, no. 2 (2019): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2019-0019.

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Abstract The organisational status and the main tasks of a university language centre are given different interpretations in different universities. Some language centres find themselves in a challenging situation where the centre’s existence seems to be at stake, whereas others prosper and find positively encouraging opportunities for the future. All this is reflected in the work of language centre directors across Europe. To discuss these challenges and to further develop the cooperation of directors, a Focus Group on Management and Leadership has been established by CercleS. The aim of the

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Kubota, Yoshiyuki, Naoki Shigematsu, Fuyuki Karube, et al. "Selective Coexpression of Multiple Chemical Markers Defines Discrete Populations of Neocortical GABAergic Neurons." Cerebral Cortex 21, no. 8 (2011): 1803–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhq252.

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Homman-Ludiye, Jihane, Inaki Carril Mundinano, William C. Kwan, and James A. Bourne. "Extensive Connectivity Between the Medial Pulvinar and the Cortex Revealed in the Marmoset Monkey." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 3 (2019): 1797–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz203.

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Abstract The medial pulvinar (PM) is a multimodal associative thalamic nucleus, recently evolved in primates. PM participates in integrative and modulatory functions, including directed attention, and consistently exhibits alterations in disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Despite essential cognitive functions, the cortical inputs to the PM have not been systematically investigated. To date, less than 20 cortices have been demonstrated to project to PM. The goal of this study was to establish a comprehensive map of the cortical afferents to PM in the marmoset monkey. Using a magnetic r

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Plaza, M., P. Gatignol, H. Cohen, B. Berger, and H. Duffau. "A Discrete Area within the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Involved in Visual-Verbal Incongruence Judgment." Cerebral Cortex 18, no. 6 (2007): 1253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhm169.

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Macefield, V. G., S. Gandevia, and L. A. Henderson. "Discrete Changes in Cortical Activation during Experimentally Induced Referred Muscle Pain: A Single-Trial fMRI Study." Cerebral Cortex 17, no. 9 (2006): 2050–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhl113.

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Glausier, J. R., Z. U. Khan, and E. C. Muly. "Dopamine D1 and D5 Receptors Are Localized to Discrete Populations of Interneurons in Primate Prefrontal Cortex." Cerebral Cortex 19, no. 8 (2008): 1820–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhn212.

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Tzschentke, T. M. "Differential Effects of Discrete Subarea-specific Lesions of the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex on Amphetamine- and Cocaine-induced Behavioural Sensitization." Cerebral Cortex 10, no. 5 (2000): 488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/10.5.488.

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Cabeen, Ryan P., John M. Allman, and Arthur W. Toga. "THC Exposure is Reflected in the Microstructure of the Cerebral Cortex and Amygdala of Young Adults." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 9 (2020): 4949–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa087.

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Abstract The endocannabinoid system serves a critical role in homeostatic regulation through its influence on processes underlying appetite, pain, reward, and stress, and cannabis has long been used for the related modulatory effects it provides through tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). We investigated how THC exposure relates to tissue microstructure of the cerebral cortex and subcortical nuclei using computational modeling of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data in a large cohort of young adults from the Human Connectome Project. We report strong associations between biospecimen-defined THC e

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Forde, Natalie J., Jerrold Jeyachandra, Michael Joseph, et al. "Sex Differences in Variability of Brain Structure Across the Lifespan." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 10 (2020): 5420–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa123.

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Abstract Several brain disorders exhibit sex differences in onset, presentation, and prevalence. Increased understanding of the neurobiology of sex-based differences in variability across the lifespan can provide insight into both disease vulnerability and resilience. In n = 3069 participants, from 8 to 95 years of age, we found widespread greater variability in males compared with females in cortical surface area and global and subcortical volumes for discrete brain regions. In contrast, variance in cortical thickness was similar for males and females. These findings were supported by multiva

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Teng, Xiangbin, and David Poeppel. "Theta and Gamma Bands Encode Acoustic Dynamics over Wide-Ranging Timescales." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 4 (2019): 2600–2614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz263.

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Abstract Natural sounds contain acoustic dynamics ranging from tens to hundreds of milliseconds. How does the human auditory system encode acoustic information over wide-ranging timescales to achieve sound recognition? Previous work (Teng et al. 2017) demonstrated a temporal coding preference for the theta and gamma ranges, but it remains unclear how acoustic dynamics between these two ranges are coded. Here, we generated artificial sounds with temporal structures over timescales from ~200 to ~30 ms and investigated temporal coding on different timescales. Participants discriminated sounds wit

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Oliveira, Esmael Alves de, Guilherme Rodrigues Passamani, and Tiago Duque. "Quando a "interdição" tenta invadir a escola e "ex-comungar" as diferenças: algumas reflexões (in)discretas sobre o projeto "Escola Sem Partido"." Revista Periódicus 2, no. 11 (2019): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/peri.v2i11.28613.

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Neste artigo buscamos refletir sobre as tramas discursivas que cercam o projeto “Escola sem partido” a partir de dois eventos políticos ocorridos respectivamente nas cidades de Dourados e Campo Grande, em Mato Grosso do Sul. Se, como afirma Foucault (2012), o discurso não é transparente, ao mapearmos as redes político-ideológicas que dão corpo a tal projeto, por meio dos atores envolvidos, dos argumentos e categorias utilizadas, do contexto político-social em que se insere e dos jogos de interesses, objetivamos perceber as contradições, os embaraços, os tensionamentos e os pontos cegos present

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Paulk, Angelique C., Jimmy C. Yang, Daniel R. Cleary, et al. "Microscale Physiological Events on the Human Cortical Surface." Cerebral Cortex 31, no. 8 (2021): 3678–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab040.

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Abstract Despite ongoing advances in our understanding of local single-cellular and network-level activity of neuronal populations in the human brain, extraordinarily little is known about their “intermediate” microscale local circuit dynamics. Here, we utilized ultra-high-density microelectrode arrays and a rare opportunity to perform intracranial recordings across multiple cortical areas in human participants to discover three distinct classes of cortical activity that are not locked to ongoing natural brain rhythmic activity. The first included fast waveforms similar to extracellular single

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Kermath, Bailey A., Amanda M. Vanderplow, and Michael E. Cahill. "Dysregulated Prefrontal Cortical RhoA Signal Transduction in Bipolar Disorder with Psychosis: New Implications for Disease Pathophysiology." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 1 (2019): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz070.

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Abstract While research has identified alterations in dorsolateral prefrontal cortical function as a key factor to the etiology of bipolar disorder, few studies have uncovered robust changes in protein signal transduction pathways in this disorder. Given the direct relevance of protein-based expressional alterations to cellular functions and because many of the key regulatory mechanisms for the disease pathogenesis likely include alterations in protein activity rather than changes in expression alone, the identification of alterations in discrete signal transduction pathways in bipolar disorde

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Levy, Deborah F., and Stephen M. Wilson. "Categorical Encoding of Vowels in Primary Auditory Cortex." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 2 (2019): 618–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz112.

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AbstractSpeech perception involves mapping from a continuous and variable acoustic speech signal to discrete, linguistically meaningful units. However, it is unclear where in the auditory processing stream speech sound representations cease to be veridical (faithfully encoding precise acoustic properties) and become categorical (encoding sounds as linguistic categories). In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging and multivariate pattern analysis to determine whether tonotopic primary auditory cortex (PAC), defined as tonotopic voxels falling within Heschl’s gyrus, represents

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Ariza, Jeanelle, Haille Rogers, Ezzat Hashemi, Stephen C. Noctor, and Verónica Martínez-Cerdeño. "The Number of Chandelier and Basket Cells Are Differentially Decreased in Prefrontal Cortex in Autism." Cerebral Cortex 28, no. 2 (2016): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhw349.

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Abstract An interneuron alteration has been proposed as a source for the modified balance of excitation / inhibition in the cerebral cortex in autism. We previously demonstrated a decreased number of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons in prefrontal cortex in autism. PV-expressing interneurons include chandelier (Ch) and basket (Bsk) cells. We asked whether the decreased PV+ interneurons affected both Ch cells and Bsk cells in autism. The lack of single markers to specifically label Ch cells or Bsk cells presented an obstacle for addressing this question. We devised a method to discern be

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Xin, Qilong, Laura Ortiz-Terán, Ibai Diez, et al. "Sequence Alterations of Cortical Genes Linked to Individual Connectivity of the Human Brain." Cerebral Cortex 29, no. 9 (2018): 3828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy262.

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Abstract Individual differences in humans are driven by unique brain structural and functional profiles, presumably mediated in part through differential cortical gene expression. However, the relationships between cortical gene expression profiles and individual differences in large-scale neural network organization remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the magnitude of sequence alterations in regional cortical genes mapped onto brain areas with high degree of functional connectivity variability across individuals. First, human genetic expression data from t

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20

Niño-Alvarez, Luis, Jeffrey Guevara-Corzo, and Oscar Begambre-Carrillo. "Diseño automático de cerchas de gran escala: una comparación entre algoritmos libres de derivadas." Ingeniería y Ciencia 16, no. 32 (2011): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.16.32.4.

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El diseño de estructuras metálicas tipo cercha es un problema frecuente en la ingeniería civil, que requiere de la experiencia del ingeniero diseñador para lograr una solución estructural con buen desempeño y que pueda satisfacer las necesidades establecidas. En los últimos años, el diseño de estos sistemas ha sido soportado mediante la aplicación de diversos métodos de optimización, que permiten obtener soluciones óptimas, dando cumplimiento a los objetivos de diseño propuestos, de forma automática y en un menor tiempo de trabajo. Esta investigación presenta la aplicación de una serie de algo

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Theunissen, F., J. C. Roddey, S. Stufflebeam, H. Clague, and J. P. Miller. "Information theoretic analysis of dynamical encoding by four identified primary sensory interneurons in the cricket cercal system." Journal of Neurophysiology 75, no. 4 (1996): 1345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1345.

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1. The stimulus/response properties of four identified primary sensory interneurons in the cricket cercal sensory system were studied using electrophysiological techniques. These four cells are thought to represent a functionally discrete subunit of the cercal system: they are the only cells that encode information about stimulus direction to higher centers for low intensity stimuli. Previous studies characterized the quantity of information encoded by these cells about the direction of air currents in the horizontal plane. In the experiments reported here, we characterized the quantity and qu

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Guo, Alan. "Cyclic sieving phenomenon in non-crossing connected graphs." Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science DMTCS Proceedings vol. AO,..., Proceedings (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/dmtcs.2923.

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International audience A non-crossing connected graph is a connected graph on vertices arranged in a circle such that its edges do not cross. The count for such graphs can be made naturally into a q-binomial generating function. We prove that this generating function exhibits the cyclic sieving phenomenon, as conjectured by S.-P. Eu. Un graphe connexe dont les sommets sont disposés sur un cercle est sans croisement si ses arêtes ne se croisent pas. Nous démontrons une conjecture de S.-P. Eu affirmant que la fonction génératrice q-binomiale dénombrant de tels graphes exhibe le phénomène du crib

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23

Moro, Valentina, Valentina Pacella, Michele Scandola, et al. "A fronto-insular-parietal network for the sense of body ownership." Cerebral Cortex, March 2, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac081.

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Abstract Neuropsychological disturbances in the sense of limb ownership provide unique opportunities to study the neurocognitive basis of body ownership. Previous small sample studies that showed discrete cortical lesions cannot explain why multisensory, affective, and cognitive manipulations alter disownership symptoms. We tested the novel hypothesis that disturbances in the sense of limb ownership would be associated not only with discrete cortical lesions but also with disconnections of white-matter tracts supporting specific functional networks. We drew on an advanced lesion-analysis and B

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Weiler, Simon, Drago Guggiana Nilo, Tobias Bonhoeffer, Mark Hübener, Tobias Rose, and Volker Scheuss. "Functional and structural features of L2/3 pyramidal cells continuously covary with pial depth in mouse visual cortex." Cerebral Cortex, August 26, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac303.

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Abstract Pyramidal cells of neocortical layer 2/3 (L2/3 PyrCs) integrate signals from numerous brain areas and project throughout the neocortex. These PyrCs show pial depth-dependent functional and structural specializations, indicating participation in different functional microcircuits. However, whether these depth-dependent differences result from separable PyrC subtypes or whether their features display a continuum correlated with pial depth is unknown. Here, we assessed the stimulus selectivity, electrophysiological properties, dendritic morphology, and excitatory and inhibitory connectiv

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Sharma, Hariom, and Rony Azouz. "Coexisting Neuronal Coding Strategies in the Barrel Cortex." Cerebral Cortex, February 12, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab527.

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Abstract During tactile sensation by rodents, whisker movements across surfaces generate complex whisker motions, including discrete, transient stick–slip events, which carry information about surface properties. The characteristics of these events and how the brain encodes this tactile information remain enigmatic. We found that cortical neurons show a mixture of synchronized and nontemporally correlated spikes in their tactile responses. Synchronous spikes convey the magnitude of stick–slip events by numerous aspects of temporal coding. These spikes show preferential selectivity for kinetic

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Martínez Rubio, José. "El discreto desencanto de la burguesía o contra la crítica oficial de la Transición: Cercas, Reig y Pérez Andújar." Dicenda. Cuadernos de Filología Hispánica 35 (December 19, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/dice.57709.

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Zhang, Dai, Liqin Zhou, Anmin Yang, et al. "A connectome-based neuromarker of nonverbal number acuity and arithmetic skills." Cerebral Cortex, March 7, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac108.

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Abstract The approximate number system (ANS) is vital for survival and reproduction in animals and is crucial for constructing abstract mathematical abilities in humans. Most previous neuroimaging studies focused on identifying discrete brain regions responsible for the ANS and characterizing their functions in numerosity perception. However, a neuromarker to characterize an individual’s ANS acuity is lacking, especially one based on whole-brain functional connectivity (FC). Here, based on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data obtained from a large sample, we i

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Bramão, Inês, Jiefeng Jiang, Anthony D. Wagner, and Mikael Johansson. "Encoding Contexts Are Incidentally Reinstated During Competitive Retrieval and Track the Temporal Dynamics of Memory Interference." Cerebral Cortex, February 1, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab529.

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Abstract The ability to remember an episode from our past is often hindered by competition from similar events. For example, if we want to remember the article a colleague recommended during the last lab meeting, we may need to resolve interference from other article recommendations from the same colleague. This study investigates if the contextual features specifying the encoding episodes are incidentally reinstated during competitive memory retrieval. Competition between memories was created through the AB/AC interference paradigm. Individual word-pairs were presented embedded in a slowly dr

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Setton, Roni, Laetitia Mwilambwe-Tshilobo, Manesh Girn, et al. "Age differences in the functional architecture of the human brain." Cerebral Cortex, March 1, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac056.

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Abstract The intrinsic functional organization of the brain changes into older adulthood. Age differences are observed at multiple spatial scales, from global reductions in modularity and segregation of distributed brain systems, to network-specific patterns of dedifferentiation. Whether dedifferentiation reflects an inevitable, global shift in brain function with age, circumscribed, experience-dependent changes, or both, is uncertain. We employed a multimethod strategy to interrogate dedifferentiation at multiple spatial scales. Multi-echo (ME) resting-state fMRI was collected in younger (n =

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Nietz, Angela K., Martha L. Streng, Laurentiu S. Popa, et al. "To be and not to be: wide-field Ca2+ imaging reveals neocortical functional segmentation combines stability and flexibility." Cerebral Cortex, February 2, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac523.

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Abstract The stability and flexibility of the functional parcellation of the cerebral cortex is fundamental to how familiar and novel information is both represented and stored. We leveraged new advances in Ca2+ sensors and microscopy to understand the dynamics of functional segmentation in the dorsal cerebral cortex. We performed wide-field Ca2+ imaging in head-fixed mice and used spatial independent component analysis (ICA) to identify independent spatial sources of Ca2+ fluorescence. The imaging data were evaluated over multiple timescales and discrete behaviors including resting, walking,

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Chambers, Anna R., Dominik F. Aschauer, Jens-Bastian Eppler, Matthias Kaschube, and Simon Rumpel. "A stable sensory map emerges from a dynamic equilibrium of neurons with unstable tuning properties." Cerebral Cortex, November 23, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac445.

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Abstract Recent long-term measurements of neuronal activity have revealed that, despite stability in large-scale topographic maps, the tuning properties of individual cortical neurons can undergo substantial reformatting over days. To shed light on this apparent contradiction, we captured the sound response dynamics of auditory cortical neurons using repeated 2-photon calcium imaging in awake mice. We measured sound-evoked responses to a set of pure tone and complex sound stimuli in more than 20,000 auditory cortex neurons over several days. We found that a substantial fraction of neurons drop

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Gao, Xiaoqing, Minjie Wen, Mengdan Sun, and Bruno Rossion. "A Genuine Interindividual Variability in Number and Anatomical Localization of Face-Selective Regions in the Human Brain." Cerebral Cortex, January 28, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab519.

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Abstract Neuroimaging studies have reported regions with more neural activation to face than nonface stimuli in the human occipitotemporal cortex for three decades. Here we used a highly sensitive and reliable frequency-tagging functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm measuring high-level face-selective neural activity to assess interindividual variability in the localization and number of face-selective clusters. Although the majority of these clusters are located in the same cortical gyri and sulci across 25 adult brains, a volume-based analysis of unsmoothed data reveals a large amoun

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Putkinen, Vesa, Sanaz Nazari-Farsani, Kerttu Seppälä, et al. "Decoding Music-Evoked Emotions in the Auditory and Motor Cortex." Cerebral Cortex, December 24, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa373.

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Abstract Music can induce strong subjective experience of emotions, but it is debated whether these responses engage the same neural circuits as emotions elicited by biologically significant events. We examined the functional neural basis of music-induced emotions in a large sample (n = 102) of subjects who listened to emotionally engaging (happy, sad, fearful, and tender) pieces of instrumental music while their hemodynamic brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Ratings of the four categorical emotions and liking were used to predict hemodynamic respons

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Agrawal, Snigdha, Ramesh Kumar Agrawal, S. Senthil Kumaran, Bharti Rana, and Achal Kumar Srivastava. "Integration of graph network with kernel SVM and logistic regression for identification of biomarkers in SCA12 and its diagnosis." Cerebral Cortex 34, no. 4 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhae132.

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Abstract Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 is a hereditary and neurodegenerative illness commonly found in India. However, there is no established noninvasive automatic diagnostic system for its diagnosis and identification of imaging biomarkers. This work proposes a novel four-phase machine learning–based diagnostic framework to find spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 disease–specific atrophic-brain regions and distinguish spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 from healthy using a real structural magnetic resonance imaging dataset. Firstly, each brain region is represented in terms of statistics of coeffic

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Trask, Sydney, and Fred J. Helmstetter. "Unique Roles for the Anterior and Posterior Retrosplenial Cortices in Encoding and Retrieval of Memory for Context." Cerebral Cortex, January 14, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab436.

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Abstract The rat retrosplenial cortex (RSC) makes critical contributions to learning and memory but these contributions may not be uniform along its rostro-caudal axis. Previous work suggests that event-related and context-related information are differentially encoded by anterior and posterior RSC subregions. Here, we further test this idea using a procedure in which spatial/environmental cues (context) and discrete event memories are acquired separately. All animals received a 5-min pre-exposure to the training context 24 h before contextual fear conditioning where shock was delivered immedi

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Rempe, Maggie P., Rachel K. Spooner, Brittany K. Taylor, et al. "Alpha oscillations in left perisylvian cortices support semantic processing and predict performance." Cerebral Cortex, February 12, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac021.

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Abstract Semantic processing is the ability to discern and maintain conceptual relationships among words and objects. While the neural circuits serving semantic representation and controlled retrieval are well established, the neuronal dynamics underlying these processes are poorly understood. Herein, we examined 25 healthy young adults who completed a semantic relation word-matching task during magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG data were examined in the time–frequency domain and significant oscillatory responses were imaged using a beamformer. Whole-brain statistical analyses were conducted t

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Zhang, Chaoyang, Yan Cai, Huan Yu, et al. "Comparison of the effects of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on spontaneous brain activity in CKD patients: an rs-fMRI study." Cerebral Cortex, November 8, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad377.

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Abstract Objective To compare the effects of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on spontaneous brain activity in patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods A total of 52 dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease, including 25 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD-CKD) and 27 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD-CKD), and 49 healthy controls (normal control) were included. All participants underwent neuropsychological testing (Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal cognitive assessment) and resting-state functional mag

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