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Journal articles on the topic 'Cercocebus atys'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Guatelli-Steinberg, Debbie, Cameron Renteria, Jack R. Grimm, Izabela Maeret Carpenter, Dwayne D. Arola, and W. Scott McGraw. "How mangabey molar form differs under routine vs. fallback hard-object feeding regimes." PeerJ 11 (December 11, 2023): e16534. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16534.

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Background Components of diet known as fallback foods are argued to be critical in shaping primate dental anatomy. Such foods of low(er) nutritional quality are often non-preferred, mechanically challenging resources that species resort to during ecological crunch periods. An oft-cited example of the importance of dietary fallbacks in shaping primate anatomy is the grey-cheeked mangabey Lophocebus albigena. This species relies upon hard seeds only when softer, preferred resources are not available, a fact which has been linked to its thick dental enamel. Another mangabey species with thick ena

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2

Chang, Pengcheng, Yanping Li, Zhao Zhang, and Daejoon Hwang. "Complete mitochondrial genome of the sooty mangabey, Cercocebus atys atys (Mammalia: Primates: Cercopithecidae)." Mitochondrial DNA Part A 27, no. 6 (2014): 3897–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2014.987253.

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3

Ehardt, Carolyn L. "Affiliative behavior of adult female sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)." American Journal of Primatology 15, no. 2 (1988): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.1350150205.

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4

Kyes, Randall C. "Grooming with a stone in sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)." American Journal of Primatology 16, no. 2 (1988): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.1350160208.

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5

Gust, Deborah A., Curt D. Busse, and Thomas P. Gordon. "Reproductive parameters in the sooty mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus atys)." American Journal of Primatology 22, no. 4 (1990): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.1350220404.

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6

Sharp, Paul M., George M. Shaw, and Beatrice H. Hahn. "Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Chimpanzees." Journal of Virology 79, no. 7 (2005): 3891–902. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13533314.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are primate lentiviruses that infect no fewer than 36 different nonhuman primate species in sub-Saharan Africa ([4][1], [9][2], [62][3]). Two of these viruses, SIVcpz from chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) and SIVsmm from sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys ), have

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7

Sharp, Paul M., George M. Shaw, and Beatrice H. Hahn. "Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Chimpanzees." Journal of Virology 79, no. 7 (2005): 3891–902. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13533314.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are primate lentiviruses that infect no fewer than 36 different nonhuman primate species in sub-Saharan Africa ([4][1], [9][2], [62][3]). Two of these viruses, SIVcpz from chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) and SIVsmm from sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys ), have

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8

McGraw, W. Scott. "Three monkeys nearing extinction in the forest reserves of eastern Côte d'lvoire." Oryx 32, no. 3 (1998): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1998.d01-48.x.

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Surveys were carried out in forest reserves in eastern Côte d'lvoire in 1997 to investigate the status of three primate taxa believed to be on the verge of extinction. The findings indicate that Procolobus badius waldroni may be extinct, and that Cercopithecus diana roloway and Cercocebus atys lunulatus may become so unless urgent action is taken.

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9

Stahl, Daniel, and Werner Kaumanns. "Food competition in captive female sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus torquatus atys )." Primates 44, no. 3 (2003): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10329-002-0012-x.

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10

Gust, Deborah A., and Thomas P. Gordon. "Male age and reproductive behaviour in sooty mangabeys, Cercocebus torquatus atys." Animal Behaviour 41, no. 2 (1991): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80479-8.

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11

Range, Friederike. "Social behavior of free-ranging juvenile sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys)." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 59, no. 4 (2005): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-005-0076-x.

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12

Dolado, Ruth, Ignacio Cifre, and Francesc S. Beltran. "Agonistic Strategies and Spatial Distribution in Captive Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus Atys)." Psychological Reports 112, no. 2 (2013): 593–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/21.pr0.112.2.593-606.

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The aim of this article is to study the relationship between the dominance hierarchy and the spatial distribution of a group of captive sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys). The analysis of the spatial distribution of individuals in relation to their rank in the dominance hierarchy showed a clear linear hierarchy in which the dominant individual was located in central positions with regard to the rest of the group members. The large open enclosure where the group was living allowed them to adopt a high-risk agonistic strategy in which individuals attacked other individuals whose rank was signifi

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13

Gouzoules, Harold, Deborah A. Gust, Beth Donaghey, and Elizabeth St Andre. "Estrus Vocalizations in Two Primate Species (Cercocebus Torquatus Atys and Macaca Nemestrina)." Evolution of Communication 2, no. 2 (1998): 189–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eoc.2.2.03gou.

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Vocalizations of sexually receptive females in two primate species, the sooty mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus atys) and the pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina), were compared with respect to the acoustical features of calls as well as the reproductive and social factors that were associated with calling behavior. Sixty-two bouts of calling were recorded from 18 different pigtail macaque females (mean number of bouts per individual-3.48, SD = 2.17, range 1-7) over a six month period; 19.4% occurred during copulation with males, 25.8% were recorded within 30 seconds after copulation has ceased, w

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14

Esmail, Michael Y., Rebecca Bacon, Alton G. Swennes, et al. "HelicobacterSpecies Identified in Captive Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) with Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma." Helicobacter 21, no. 3 (2015): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12269.

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15

Range, Friederike, and Julia Fischer. "Vocal Repertoire of Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys) in the Tai National Park." Ethology 110, no. 4 (2004): 301–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2004.00973.x.

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16

O’Higgins, P., T. G. Bromage, D. R. Johnson, W. J. Moore, and P. McPhie. "A Study of Facial Growth in the Sooty Mangabey Cercocebus atys." Folia Primatologica 56, no. 2 (1991): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000156532.

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17

Bernstein, Robin M., Steven R. Leigh, Sharon M. Donovan, and Marcia H. Monaco. "Hormonal correlates of ontogeny in baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) and mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 136, no. 2 (2008): 156–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.20791.

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18

Ehardt, Carolyn L. "Absence of strongly kin-preferential behavior by adult female sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 76, no. 2 (1988): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330760212.

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19

Sharma, P., L. Chennareddi, E. Z. Greene-Hartsfield, F. Villinger, J. K. Cohen, and J. G. Herndon. "Hematology and serum chemistry values of sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys ): comparison with rhesus monkeys." Journal of Medical Primatology 43, no. 2 (2013): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12091.

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20

Fultz, P. N., H. M. McClure, D. C. Anderson, R. B. Swenson, R. Anand, and A. Srinivasan. "Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from naturally infected sooty mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus atys)." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 83, no. 14 (1986): 5286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.83.14.5286.

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21

Gust, D. A., and T. P. Gordon. "Female rank instability in newly formed groups of familiar sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys)." Primates 32, no. 4 (1991): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02381937.

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22

Fruteau, Cécile, Friederike Range, and Ronald Noë. "Infanticide risk and infant defence in multi-male free-ranging sooty mangabeys, Cercocebus atys." Behavioural Processes 83, no. 1 (2010): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2009.11.004.

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23

Whitten, Patricia L., and Elizabeth Russell. "Information content of sexual swellings and fecal steroids in sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys)." American Journal of Primatology 40, no. 1 (1996): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2345(1996)40:1<67::aid-ajp5>3.0.co;2-z.

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24

Gust, Deborah A., and Thomas P. Gordon. "The absence of a matrilineally based dominance system in sooty mangabeys, Cercocebus torquatus atys." Animal Behaviour 47, no. 3 (1994): 589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1994.1082.

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25

Daegling, David J., W. Scott McGraw, Peter S. Ungar, James D. Pampush, Anna E. Vick, and E. Anderson Bitty. "Hard-Object Feeding in Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) and Interpretation of Early Hominin Feeding Ecology." PLoS ONE 6, no. 8 (2011): e23095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0023095.

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26

Smith, Geary R., Liesel Bauer, Maria M. Crane, and Zachary P. Johnson. "Immunogenetic characterization of a captive colony of sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys ) used for SIV research." Journal of Medical Primatology 44, no. 2 (2015): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmp.12161.

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27

Esmail, Michael, Alton G. Swennes, Rebecca Bacon, et al. "1027 Zoonotic Gastric Helicobacter SPP. Identified in Captive Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus Atys) With Gastric Adenocarcinoma." Gastroenterology 146, no. 5 (2014): S—182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(14)60646-6.

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28

Holschbach, C., J. Schneider, and H. Geyer. "Glycosylation of the envelope glycoprotein gp130 of simian immunodeficiency virus from sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys)." Biochemical Journal 267, no. 3 (1990): 759–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2670759.

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The envelope glycoprotein 130 (‘130’ referring to an Mr of 130,000) of simian immunodeficiency virus from sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys) (SIVSM) was isolated from the cell-free supernatant of the SIVSM-infected human T-cell line H9, metabolically labelled with D-[6-3H]glucosamine. After digestion with Staphylococcus aureus V8 proteinase, radiolabelled N-glycans were liberated from resulting glycopeptides by sequential treatment with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H and peptide:N-glycosidase F and fractionated by h.p.l.c. and gel filtration. Individual oligosaccharide species were characte

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29

Mielke, Alexander. "Impact of dominance rank specification in dyadic interaction models." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (2023): e0277130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277130.

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Dominance rank is a vital descriptor of social dynamics in animal societies and regularly used in studies to explain observed interaction patterns. However, researchers can choose between different indices and standardizations, and can specify dyadic rank relations differently when studying interaction distributions. These researcher degrees of freedom potentially introduce biases into studies and reduce replicability. Here, I demonstrate the impact of researcher choices by comparing the performance of different combinations of rank index, standardization, and model specification when explaini

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30

Galat, Gérard, and Anh Galat-Luong. "Hope for the survival of the Critically Endangered white-naped mangabey Cercocebus atys lunulatus: a new primate species for Burkina Faso." Oryx 40, no. 3 (2006): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605306000986.

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From 2003 to 2005 we carried out surveys in Burkina Faso to investigate the status of primate taxa. In the south-west near the border with Côte d'Ivoire we discovered sooty mangabey Cercocebus atys, a primate species that had not been previously reported in the country. This population is the subspecies C. a. lunulatus, the white-naped mangabey, one of the 25 most threatened primate taxa. As the subspecies occurs in a gallery forest that is next to a wildlife safari hunting area, we recommend that hunting is prohibited near these forests. The recent creation of the Warigué protected area, link

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31

Neumann, Christof, and Klaus Zuberbühler. "Vocal correlates of individual sooty mangabey travel speed and direction." PeerJ 4 (July 28, 2016): e2298. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2298.

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Many group-living animals coordinate movements with acoustic signals, but so far most studies have focused on how group movements are initiated. In this study, we investigated movement patterns of wild sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys), a mostly terrestrial, forest-dwelling primate. We provide quantitative results showing that vocalization rates of mangabey subgroups, but not of focal individuals, correlated with focal individuals’ current movement patterns. More interestingly, vocal behaviour predicted whether individuals changed future speed, and possibly future travel direction. The role of

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32

Gordon, T. P., D. A. Gust, C. D. Busse, and M. E. Wilson. "Hormones and sexual behavior associated with postconception perineal swelling in the sooty mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus atys)." International Journal of Primatology 12, no. 6 (1991): 585–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02547671.

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33

Fàbregas, María, and Federico Guillén-Salazar. "Social compatibility in a newly formed all-male group of white crowned mangabeys (Cercocebus atys lunulatus)." Zoo Biology 26, no. 1 (2007): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.20117.

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34

Maestripieri, Dario, Kim Wallen, and Kelly A. Carroll. "Genealogical and demographic influences on infant abuse and neglect in group-living sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys)." Developmental Psychobiology 31, no. 3 (1997): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2302(199711)31:3<175::aid-dev2>3.0.co;2-p.

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35

Mielke, Alexander, Liran Samuni, Anna Preis, Jan F. Gogarten, Catherine Crockford, and Roman M. Wittig. "Bystanders intervene to impede grooming in Western chimpanzees and sooty mangabeys." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 11 (2017): 171296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171296.

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Grooming interactions benefit groomers, but may have negative consequences for bystanders. Grooming limits bystanders' grooming access and ensuing alliances could threaten the bystander's hierarchy rank or their previous investment in the groomers. To gain a competitive advantage, bystanders could intervene into a grooming bout to increase their own grooming access or to prevent the negative impact of others' grooming. We tested the impact of dominance rank and social relationships on grooming intervention likelihood and outcome in two sympatric primate species, Western chimpanzees ( Pan trogl

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36

Munn, Robert J., Preston Marx, Betsy Brotman, and Aloysius Hanson. "Electron microscopy of simian immunodeficiency virus isolated from a sooty mangabey (Cercocebus Atys) in Liberia, West Africa." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (1990): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100159266.

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Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is a Lentivirus that exhibits both morphological and genomic similarities to HIV. SIV has been isolated from sooty mangabeys in several primate colonies, and has been shown to be about 80% related to HTV-2. Since HIV-2 and sooty mangabeys are both indigenous to West Africa, isolation of a virus from sooty mangabeys in West Africa would be of great interest in determining the origins of these two viruses. We report here thin section transmission electron microscopy of a lentivirus from a pet sooty mangabey living in Liberia, West Africa.Peripheral blood monon

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37

McGraw, W. Scott, Anna E. Vick, and David J. Daegling. "Dietary variation and food hardness in sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys): Implications for fallback foods and dental adaptation." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 154, no. 3 (2014): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22525.

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38

Crast, Jessica, Mollie A. Bloomsmith, and Trina Jonesteller. "Effects of changing housing conditions on mangabey behavior (Cercocebus atys): Spatial density, housing quality, and novelty effects." American Journal of Primatology 77, no. 9 (2015): 1001–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22430.

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39

Mielke, Alexander, Anna Preis, Liran Samuni, Jan F. Gogarten, Roman M. Wittig, and Catherine Crockford. "Flexible decision-making in grooming partner choice in sooty mangabeys and chimpanzees." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 7 (2018): 172143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.172143.

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Living in permanent social groups forces animals to make decisions about when, how and with whom to interact, requiring decisions to be made that integrate multiple sources of information. Changing social environments can influence this decision-making process by constraining choice or altering the likelihood of a positive outcome. Here, we conceptualized grooming as a choice situation where an individual chooses one of a number of potential partners. Studying two wild populations of sympatric primate species, sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys atys ) and western chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes v

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40

Eberhard, Mark L., Jennifer W. Dickerson, Anne E. Boyer, et al. "Experimental Onchocerca Volvulus Infections in Mangabey Monkeys (Cercocebus Atys) Compared to Infections in Humans and Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes)." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 44, no. 2 (1991): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1991.44.151.

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41

Range, Friederike. "Female sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys) respond differently to males depending on the male's residence status-preliminary data." American Journal of Primatology 65, no. 4 (2005): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20119.

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42

Chen, Zhiwei, Paul Telfer, Patricia Reed, et al. "Isolation and characterization of the first simian immunodeficiency virus from a feral sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys) in West Africa." Journal of Medical Primatology 24, no. 3 (1995): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0684.1995.tb00155.x.

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43

Jurkiewicz, E., G. Hunsmann, M. Hayami, Y. Ohta, and H. Schmitz. "Serological and Structural Comparison of Immunodeficiency Viruses from Man, African Green Monkey, Rhesus Monkey and Sooty Mangabey." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 43, no. 5-6 (1988): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1988-5-621.

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We have studied the serological relationship among the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and three simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV). SIVagm was isolated from African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops), and compared with the previously described isolates of SIVmac from a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and SIVsm from a sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys). With respect to the glycoproteins, the simian viruses represent a subgroup apparently different from HIV . To classify HIV and SIV isolates further, we compared tryptic peptide maps of the core polypeptides p18 and p24 of HIV-

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44

Apetrei, Cristian, Michael J. Metzger, David Richardson, et al. "Detection and Partial Characterization of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsm Strains from Bush Meat Samples from Rural Sierra Leone." Journal of Virology 79, no. 4 (2005): 2631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.4.2631-2636.2005.

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ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) originated from simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) that naturally infect sooty mangabeys (SMs; Cercocebus atys). In order to further investigate the relationship between HIV-2 and SIVsm, the SIV specific to the SM, we characterized seven new SIVsm strains from SMs sold in Sierra Leone markets as bush meat. The gag, pol, and env sequences showed that, while the viruses of all seven SMs belonged to the SIVsm-HIV-2 lineage, they were highly divergent viruses, in spite of the fact that most of the samples originated from the same geographica

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45

Apetrei, C., M. J. Metzger, D. Richardson, et al. "Detection and partial characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsm strains from bush meat samples from rural Sierra Leone." Journal of virology 79, no. 4 (2005): 2631–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13536658.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) originated from simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) that naturally infect sooty mangabeys (SMs; Cercocebus atys). In order to further investigate the relationship between HIV-2 and SIVsm, the SIV specific to the SM, we characterized seven new SIVsm strains from SMs sold in Sierra Leone markets as bush meat. The gag, pol, and env sequences showed that, while the viruses of all seven SMs belonged to the SIVsm-HIV-2 lineage, they were highly divergent viruses, in spite of the fact that most of the sa

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46

Apetrei, C., M. J. Metzger, D. Richardson, et al. "Detection and partial characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsm strains from bush meat samples from rural Sierra Leone." Journal of virology 79, no. 4 (2005): 2631–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13536658.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) originated from simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) that naturally infect sooty mangabeys (SMs; Cercocebus atys). In order to further investigate the relationship between HIV-2 and SIVsm, the SIV specific to the SM, we characterized seven new SIVsm strains from SMs sold in Sierra Leone markets as bush meat. The gag, pol, and env sequences showed that, while the viruses of all seven SMs belonged to the SIVsm-HIV-2 lineage, they were highly divergent viruses, in spite of the fact that most of the sa

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47

Santiago, Mario L., Friederike Range, Brandon F. Keele, et al. "Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Free-Ranging Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys atys) from the Taï Forest, Côte d'Ivoire: Implications for the Origin of Epidemic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2." Journal of Virology 79, no. 19 (2005): 12515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.19.12515-12527.2005.

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ABSTRACT Simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys (SIVsmm) is recognized as the progenitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and has been transmitted to humans on multiple occasions, yet the epidemiology and genetic diversity of SIVsmm infection in wild-living populations remain largely unknown. Here, we report the first molecular epidemiological survey of SIVsmm in a community of ∼120 free-ranging sooty mangabeys in the Taï Forest, Côte d'Ivoire. Fecal samples (n = 39) were collected from 35 habituated animals (27 females and 8 males) and tested for SIVsmm virion RNA (v

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48

Santiago, M. L., F. Range, B. F. Keele, et al. "Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Free-Ranging Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys atys) from the Tai Forest, Cote d'Ivoire: Implications for the Origin of Epidemic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2." Journal of Virology 80, no. 9 (2006): 4645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.9.4645.2006.

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49

Gba, Bomey Clément, Jean-Claude Koffi Bene, Zoro Bertin Gone Bi, Alexander Mielke, and Inza Kone. "Within-group spatial position and activity budget of wild sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) in Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, no. 7 (2020): 2991–3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i7.2.

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Within social groups, feeding competition and predation pressure affect individual spatial position. The costs and benefits associated to each position are likely to influence the time that individuals allocate to different activities. Whether the effect of spatial positioning on activity budget differs between individuals of different sex or dominance rank remains unclear. This study aimed at investigating the effect of within-group spatial position on the activity budget of male and female sooty mangabeys. Focal behavioral observations was used to collect the individual location and behavior

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Holmes, Megan, and Andrea B. Taylor. "The influence of jaw-muscle fibre-type phenotypes on estimating maximum muscle and bite forces in primates." Interface Focus 11, no. 5 (2021): 20210009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2021.0009.

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Numerous anthropological studies have been aimed at estimating jaw-adductor muscle forces, which, in turn, are used to estimate bite force. While primate jaw adductors show considerable intra- and intermuscular heterogeneity in fibre types, studies generally model jaw-muscle forces by treating the jaw adductors as either homogeneously slow or homogeneously fast muscles. Here, we provide a novel extension of such studies by integrating fibre architecture, fibre types and fibre-specific tensions to estimate maximum muscle forces in the masseter and temporalis of five anthropoid primates: Sapajus

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