Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cerebro - Ventriculos

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Cerebro - Ventriculos'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cerebro - Ventriculos"

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Aydin, A. "The morphology of circulus arteriosus cerebri in the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)." Veterinární Medicína 53, No. 5 (June 13, 2008): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1948-vetmed.

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In this study, the circulus arteriosus cerebri of the squirrel was investigated. Ten squirrel were used. Coloured latex was given from left ventriculi of the all squirrels. Circulus arteriosus cerebri was examined after the dissection was made. The basilar artery was formed by merge of the right and left vertebral artery. The caudal communicans artery which was caudal part of circulus arteriosus cerebri was formed by the basilar artery on sulcus pontocrurale. From caudal to cranial, the branches originated from the basilar artery and circulus arteriosus cerebri to cerebrum and cerebellum were as follows: the caudal cerebelli artery,rami ad pontem, the rostral cerebelli artery, the caudal choroidea artery, the caudal cerebral artery, the internal ophtalmic artery, the rostral choroidea artery, the media cerebral artery, rami striati and the rostral cerebral artery. In squirrels a variability was observed in the branches that the rostral cerebral artery gives, and their endings. It was determined that the internal carotid artery didn’t exist in 4 animals when the right and left vertebral artery were ligatured. It was found that the internal carotid artery didn’t contribute to the arterial blood to circulus arteriosus cerebri and the arterial blood to circulus arteriosus cerebri of squirrels is provided via only the basilar artery.
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Aydin, A., S. Yilmaz, Z. E. Ozkan, and R. Ilgun. "The morphology of the circulus arteriosus cerebri in the ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus)." Veterinární Medicína 54, No. 11 (December 23, 2009): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/162/2009-vetmed.

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In this study, the circulus arteriosus cerebri of the ground squirrel (<i>Spermophilus citellus</i>) was investigated. Five ground squirrels were used as subjects. Coloured latex was injected from the left ventriculi of the hearts of all the squirrels. When the vertebral arteries of two of the animals were ligatured, it was found that there was no internal carotid artery. After careful dissection, the circulus arteriosus cerebri (the circle of Willis) was investigated. The right and left vertebral arteries gave rise to the caudal cerebellar artery before forming the basilar artery. The basilar artery formed the caudal communicans artery that was the caudal part of the circulus arteriosus cerebri on the pontocrural groove (sulcus pontocruralis). The caudal, medial, rostral cerebellar, the common root formed by the caudal cerebral and choroid arteries, the rostral choroid, the rostral and medial cerebral arteries arose from the vertebral, basilar and caudal communicans arteries and dispersed to the cerebrum and cerebellum from caudal to cranial. The termination and the branches of the rostral cerebral artery in ground squirrels varied. It was observed that the internal carotid artery does not supply the circulus arteriosus cerebri in ground squirrels.
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Oviedo, Jorge M., Matías Ruiz, Fernando Krywinski, Juan Staneff, Juan A. Guidobono, and Daniel Forlino. "Desarrollo de los ventrículos laterales del cerebro durante el segundo trimestre de gestación identificados por resonancia magnética." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 38, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/med.3812952.

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El sistema ventricular del cerebro cambia su forma y tamaño durante el desarrollo fetal. Las modificaciones cronológicas están relacionadas al rápido crecimiento del parénquima cerebral por migración neuronal desde la matriz germinal, el desarrollo de las cisuras y surcos, el cuerpo calloso, la impronta de los núcleos de la base del cerebro y el tálamo. El objetivo del trabajo es describir los cambios morfológicos de los ventrículos laterales durante el segundo trimestre de gestación mediante el estudio con resonancia magnética de 20 fetos, 16 masculinos y 4 femeninos, de 16 semanas de edad gestacional media. Se utilizó un equipo de 1.5 Tesla con técnicas volumétricas 3D. Se registró la forma de cada ventrículo lateral mediante una línea central en una vista lateral 3D del cerebro. Además se comparó el diámetro vertical del cuerpo de cada ventrículo con el espesor del parénquima cerebral, correlacionando los datos con las semanas de edad gestacional, y el diámetro transverso del atrio ventricular. Los ventrículos laterales modificaron progresivamente su forma desde una línea curva esférica hasta una elíptica con cola desde la 12ª hasta la 20ª semanas de gestación. El diámetro vertical del cuerpo ventricular se redujo en éste periodo gestacional en comparación con el parénquima cerebral que incrementó notablemente su espesor
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Bonfield, Christopher M., Gregory M. Weiner, Megan S. Bradley, and Johnathan A. Engh. "Vaginal extrusion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt catheter in an adult." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 6, no. 01 (January 2015): 097–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.143212.

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ABSTRACTVentriculo-peritoneal shunts (VPS) are commonly used in the treatment of various neurosurgical conditions, including hydrocephalus and pseudotumor cerebri. We report only the second case of vaginal extrusion of a VPS catheter in an adult, and the first case with a modern VPS silastic peritoneal catheter. A 45-year-old female with a history of VPS for pseudotumor cerebri, Behcet’s syndrome, and hysterectomy presented to our institution with the chief complaint of tubing protruding from her vagina after urination. On gynecologic examination, the patient was found to have approximately 15 cm of VPS catheter protruding from her vaginal apex. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and shunt X-ray series demonstrated no breaks in the tubing, but also confirmed the finding of the VPS catheter extruding through the vaginal cuff into the vagina. The patient had the VPS removed and an external ventricular drain was placed for temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion. Ventricular catheter cultures were positive for diphtheroids. After an appropriate course of antibiotics, a contralateral ventriculo-pleural shunt was placed one week later. Although vary rare, vaginal extrusion can occur in adults, even with modern VPS catheters.
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Joshi, Ram Babu, Rupendra Bahadur Adhikari, and Amit Thapa. "Neuroendoscopic lavage and continuous drainage of ventricles: Treatment of pyocephalus in a newborn." Grande Medical Journal 1, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gmj.v1i1.22415.

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Pyocephalus/Cerebral ventricular empyema is a serious life threatening complication of acute pyogenic meningitis. The primary treatment of ventriculitis is administration of antibiotics. With recent advances, neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) of ventricles through direct visualization has helped save lives when multipronged approaches including intravenous (IV) antibiotics, intrathecal antibiotics and continuous drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fails. We report a case of a 23-day old neonate who developed pyocephalus as a complication of pyogenic meningitis. He did not respond favorably to initial IV antibiotic treatment for two weeks. NEL of ventricles was performed. Thick pus/flakes inside the ventricles had caused obstructive hydrocephalus. Continuous CSF drainage was done through strategically placed multiple external ventricular drains. Interval ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was done bilaterally after the CSF was macroscopically/ microscopically clear of visible debris, and sterile. Microbiological and clinical cure was achieved and the child survived and is thriving well at last follow-up at the age of 6 months.
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Naradzay, Jerome F. X., Brian J. Browne, Michael A. Rolnick, and Robert J. Doherty. "Cerebral ventricular shunts." Journal of Emergency Medicine 17, no. 2 (March 1999): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-4679(98)00168-1.

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Ordóñez-Rubiano, Edgar G., Pablo E. Baquero, Hernando A. Cifuentes-Lobelo, William Cortés-Lozano, Javier G. Patiño, and Edgar G. Ordóñez-Mora. "Embriología del sistema ventricular cerebral." Revista Chilena de Neurocirugía 42, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36593/rev.chil.neurocir.v42i2.117.

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El Sistema Ventricular Cerebral se desarrolla de forma paralela al resto del Sistema Nervioso Central, facilitando la circulación del Líquido Cefalorraquídeo, desde su separación del líquido amniótico a nivel embrionario. Este desarrollo es necesario para entender correctamente la anatomía ventricular y facilitar el abordaje para patologías intraventriculares. El objetivo de esta revisión es reconocer los puntos más importantes en la embriología ventricular para facilitar el aprendizaje de la anatomía quirúrgica ventricular.
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Tutty, Simon, and Tom Russell. "Cerebral Ventricular Endoscopic Photography." Journal of Audiovisual Media in Medicine 9, no. 2 (January 1986): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17453058609156027.

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Brøndsted, H. E. "CEREBRAL VENTRICULAR FLUID GLUCOSE." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 46, S43 (January 29, 2009): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.1970.tb02227.x.

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Church, Molly E., Bradley J. Turek, and Amy C. Durham. "Neuropathology of Spontaneous Hypertensive Encephalopathy in Cats." Veterinary Pathology 56, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 778–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985819849500.

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Pathologic features of 12 cats with naturally acquired systemic hypertension and concomitant hypertensive encephalopathy were analyzed. All cats demonstrated acute onset of signs localized to the forebrain and/or brainstem, including stupor, coma, and seizures. All cats had systemic hypertension, ranging from 160 to 300 mm Hg. Gross lesions were identified in 4 of 12 cases, including caudal herniation of the cerebrum and cerebellum, sometimes with compression of the rostral colliculus and medulla. Histologically, all cases featured bilaterally symmetrical edema of the cerebral white matter. Associated vascular lesions, especially arteriolar hyalinosis, were also observed. Concurrent lesions were chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (11/12 cases), adenomatous hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (4 cases), hypertensive choroidal arteriopathy (6 cases), and left ventricular hypertrophy (5 cases). This study demonstrates that the typical histologic manifestation of spontaneous hypertensive encephalopathy in cats is bilaterally symmetrical edema of the subcortical cerebral white matter.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cerebro - Ventriculos"

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Pinto, Luiz Fernando. "Analise de assimetria dos ventriculos laterais do cerebro humano em imagens de ressonancia magnetica." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/276134.

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Orientador: Alexandre Xavier Falcão
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T11:48:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinto_LuizFernando_M.pdf: 4712861 bytes, checksum: 8394eaf840c42852f3a99c0f296df6ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: Equipamentos de Ressonância Magnética (RM) permitem a obtenção de seqüências de imagens digitais contendo estruturas tri-dimensionais (3D) do corpo humano. A visualização e a análise computadorizada dessas estruturas têm revolucionado a pratica médica de diversas formas. O enfoque deste trabalho é a análise dos ventrículos laterais do cérebro humano a partir de imagens de RM. O cérebro humano, ou encéfalo, apresenta três divisões, cada uma com componentes e subdivisões relativamente constantes: o Prosencéfalo, o Mesencéfalo e o Rombencéfalo. Neste trabalho, chamamos de c'erebro uma das subdivisões do Prosencéfalo denominada Telencéfalo, que pode ser considerado como sinônimo de hemisférios cerebrais. Um cérebro biologicamente normal (saudável) apresenta um alto grau de simetria com relação ao plano sagital, que o divide em duas partes, hemisfério esquerdo e direito. Uma assimetria neste plano pode, por conseqüência, ser um indicativo de doenças como epilepsia e mal de Alzheimer, entre outras. Anormalidades no volume de certas estruturas e cavidades, tais como os ventrículos laterais, também podem estar associadas a certas doenças neurológicas e psiquiátricas como esquizofrenia, depressão e demência [1]. O objetivo principal deste trabalho e o desenvolvimento de medidas de simetria e assimetria dos ventrículos laterais, cuja análise em indivíduos de grupos controle (biologicamente normais) e em pacientes possa contribuir para o estudo de doenças cerebrais. A realização desta análise esta dividida em três etapas básicas: a segmentação dos ventrículos laterais, a extração de características dos ventrículos segmentados e a classificação e análise dos indivíduos do grupo controle e de pacientes de acordo com as características extraídas. Para a segmentação dos ventrículos laterais, foram estudadas diversas técnicas existentes na literatura, de abordagens manuais a automáticas. No entanto, a literatura é escassa em referências a estudos de segmentação dos ventrículos laterais do cérebro humano. Este trabalho, neste sentido, é pioneiro já que apresenta técnicas de segmentação dos ventrículos laterais que permitem a baixa intervenção do ser humano no processo, reduzindo o tempo necessário para a tarefa. A extração das características dos ventrículos laterais foi realizada por duas abordagens distintas - Dimensão Fractal Multiescala e Registros. Nesta etapa do processo, foi necessário implementar uma técnica de localização e alinhamento do plano inter-hemisferico cerebral, a fim de corrigir um problema típico do processo de captura de imagens de ressonância magnética, o desalinhamento da cabeça do individuo em relação ao plano sagital da imagem. Esta técnica e uma contribuição direta deste trabalho. Por fim, na ultima etapa do processo, a classificação dos indivíduos, foram utilizadas as técnicas manual e automática, a fim de compararmos a eficiência e efetividade de cada uma delas. A classificação manual foi realizada em 2D e 3D, enquanto que, para a classificação automática, com base nas características extraídas, foi utilizado um algoritmo de classificação por floresta de caminhos ótimos, o OPF, desenvolvido por uma equipe de pesquisadores liderados pelo Prof. Dr. Alexandre Falcão. Os resultados foram analisados com base em matrizes de confusão geradas a partir dos dados obtidos com as classificações manual e automática. Essas análises comparam a eficiência das diversas técnicas de classificação utilizadas neste trabalho, apontando as vantagens e desvantagens do uso de cada uma delas. Este trabalho é arte do projeto temático FAPESP 03/13424-1 também se insere no contexto do projeto temático FAPESP CInAPCe (Cooperação Interinstitucional de Apoio a Pesquisas sobre o Cérebro), envolvendo pesquisadores de diversas instituições, principalmente do Laboratório de Neuroimagem do Departamento de Neurologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e do Departamento de Radiologia do Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP.
Abstract: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) equipment allow the capture of sequences of digital images containing three dimensional (3D) human body structures. The computerized visualization and analysis of such structures have revolutionized the medical practice in many ways. This work focuses on the human brain analysis based on MRI images. A healthy brain presents a high symmetry degree with respect to the sagittal plane that divides it in two parts, the left and right hemispheres. An asymmetry at this plane can, therefore, be a symptom of a disease, such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's or brain tumor [2]. Volume abnormalities in certain structures and cavities, such as the lateral ventricles, can also be associated to diseases, such as schizophrenia, depression and dementia [1]. This work is focused on the development of asymmetry measures of the lateral ventricles, whose analysis in both controls and patients can contribute to the study of brain diseases. This analysis is split into three basic steps: the lateral ventricles segmentation, the feature extraction from the segmented structures and the data classification and analysis according to the extracted features. For the lateral ventricles segmentation, many techniques available in the literature were studied, for both manual and automatic approaches. However, there are very few references available in the literature focusing on lateral ventricles segmentation. This work is, in this sense, pioneer, since it presents techniques for lateral ventricles segmentation that allow very limited user intervention, reducing the time spent in the task. Two different approaches were used to extract the features from the lateral ventricles: Multiscale Fractal Dimension and Image Registration. Additionally, for the feature extraction process, we had to implement a technique for the localization and alignment of the mid-sagittal plane of the brain, in order to correct a typical problem in the MRI capturing procedure - the misalignment of the head with respect to the sagittal plane of the image. This technique is a direct contribution of this work. Finally, in the last step of the process - the classification task - two techniques were used, one manual and another automatic, in order to compare the efficiency and effectiveness between them. The manual classification was based in 2D and 3D image analysis, while the automatic classification was based on the Optimum Path Forest (OPF), a technique developed inside the Institute of Computing at Unicamp. The classification results were analysed through many confusion matrices, generated from the data obtained from the manual and automatic classifications. Those analyses compare the efficiency of the many classification approaches used in this work, pointing the advantages and disadvantages in each of them. This work is part of the FAPESP thematic project no. 03/13424-1 and is also related to the FAPESP CInAPCe (Inter-institutional Cooperation to Support Brain Research) thematic project, that involves researchers from many institutions, specially from the Department of Neurology at the Faculty of Medical Sciences, Unicamp.
Mestrado
Metodologia e Tecnicas da Computação
Mestre em Ciência da Computação
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Marba, Sérgio Tadeu Martins 1958. "Fatores de risco para hemorragia perrintraventricular em recem-nascidos de muito baixo peso." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310784.

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Orientador: Maria Aparecida Brenelli
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T16:06:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marba_SergioTadeuMartins_D.pdf: 3287668 bytes, checksum: b3f491a6edb806deae2148fc724850d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995
Resumo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar alguns fatores de risco para a hemorragia periintraventricular (HPIV) em recém-nascidos vivos com peso inferior a 1.500 gramas na Maternidade do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM) do complexo hospitalar da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), no período de 10 de abril de 1991 a 31 de dezembro de 1994. Foi realizado um estudo caso-controle emparelhado pelo peso, comparando-se 106 crianças com HPIV e 106 sem a doença, diagnosticada através da ultra-sonografia tansfontanelar. Para avaliar p associação entre os fatores de risco maternos, obstétricos, perinatais e neonatais com a HPIV, foram realizadas analise bivariada para cada variável independente e multipla em dois modelos...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to analyze some of the risk factors associated with periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) in newborn infants weighing less than 1.500g in the Maternity of the Center of Integral Assistance to Women's Health of the State University of Campinas during the period of April 1991 to December 1994. The study used was paired case-control designs, comparing 106 newborns with PVH-IVH and 106 without the sick. To evaluate the relation between maternal, obstetric, perinatal and neonatal risk factors, bivariate and multiple analyses for a parired case-cóntrol study were used. For the multiple analysis, two models were used ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Doutor em Pediatria
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Garcia, Bruno Miguel Farinha. "Medição do volume do sistema ventricular cerebral em cães mesocefálicos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1772.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
É importante ter um conhecimento geral da anatomia cerebral canina de forma a interpretar os resultados obtidos através da TAC, especialmente pelos cães terem grandes variações a nível do formato do crânio pese embora no estudo terem sido consideradas apenas raças de crânio mesocefálico. A medição quantitativa do volume ventricular cerebral foi feita em 50 cães através de tomografia axial computadorizada (TAC), os quais tiveram proveniência da consulta de Neurologia no Hospital Escolar da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária em Lisboa. A média de idades foi de 9,84 e a mediana de 9. O valor médio para o volume ventricular cerebral lateral direito foi de 463,93mm3, para o volume ventricular cerebral lateral esquerdo de 535,87mm3, para o volume do 3º ventrículo de 110,54mm3 e a média do volume total foi de 1110,50mm3. Dos 50 casos analisados, 31 (62%) tinham o ventrículo cerebral lateral esquerdo mais largo que o direito, 19 (38%).
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Zainy, Mohammed. "Hydrodynamic modelling of cerebrospinal fluid motion within the human ventricular system." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272855.

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Santos, Samir Cezimbra dos. "Fatores de risco para infecção relacionada à drenagem ventricular externa nas hemorragias cerebrais espontâneas em adultos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/150702.

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A derivação ventricular externa (DVE) é usada em neurocirurgia para drenagem de liquor em pacientes com aumento da pressão intracraniana (PIC) em várias patologias (tumores, trauma, meningite e hemorragias intracranianas espontâneas), podendo servir como tratamento ou como forma de monitorização da variação da PIC. A principal complicação desse procedimento é a infecção (meningite e/ou ventriculite). Fatores de risco para o aumento da taxa de infecção em DVE incluem hemorragias intracranianas espontâneas. Neste estudo, analisamos as taxas de infecção em uma série de pacientes com hemorragia intracraniana espontânea que necessitaram de procedimento cirúrgico com DVE. Estudamos prospectivamente todos os 94 casos consecutivos de pacientes que necessitaram de DVE devido a hemorragia cerebral espontânea entre 2010 e julho de 2011 no Serviço de Neurocirurgia do Hospital Cristo Redentor, pertencente ao Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, localizado em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A nossa série foi composta de 43 homens (45,7%) e 51 mulheres (54,3%). A média de idade de toda a amostra foi de 56,1 anos. O tempo médio de permanência com DVE foi de 7 dias. Foi observada uma taxa de mortalidade de 45% e uma taxa de infecção geral de 36%. Quando avaliamos a variável “Dias de DVE >10”, encontramos diferença significativa entre os grupos, ou seja, os pacientes que utilizaram DVE por mais de 10 dias apresentaram uma chance maior de infecção do que os pacientes que utilizaram DVE por um tempo menor ou igual a 10 dias (odds ratio = 3,1; IC 95%: 1,1–8,7). As demais variáveis avaliadas se mostraram sem significância estatística para esta amostra. Encontramos uma taxa de cultura positiva de 5,3%. Os dados do presente trabalho sugerem que a infecção relacionada à DVE foi uma complicação muito frequente, ocorrendo em 36,2 % dos casos. Porém, adotamos ventriculite como padrão de diagnóstico, conforme preconiza o Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Considerando a alta mortalidade associada a hemorragias intracranianas espontâneas, talvez a adoção de um protocolo mais agressivo para essa população de pacientes possa melhorar as taxas de morbimortalidade desse tipo de doença.
External ventricular drainage (EVD) is used in neurosurgery to drain cerebrospinal fluid from patients with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in a variety of conditions (tumors, trauma, meningitis, spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage). EVD can serve both as a therapeutic measure and as a tool for ICP monitoring. The major complication of this procedure is infection (meningitis and/or ventriculitis). Risk factors for EVD infection include spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage. This Study analyze infection rates in a series of patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage who underwent surgical EVD placement. This prospective study included all patients who required EVD for spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage from January 2010 to July 2011 at the Neurosurgery Department of Hospital Cristo Redentor (HCR), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Overall, 94 consecutive patients were included. The series comprised 43 men (45.7%) and 51 women (54.3%). Mean age across the sample was 56.1 years. The mean duration of EVD use was7 days. Overall sample mortality was 45%, and the overall infection rate was 36%. Assessment of the variable “EVD days >10” revealed a significant difference between groups: patients who had an EVD in place for longer than 10 days had higher odds of infection than patients in whom EVD was used for 10 days or fewer (odds ratio = 3.1; 95%CI 1.1–8.7) The other variables of interest were not statistically significant in this sample. We found a culture positivity rate of 5.3%. The findings of this study suggest that EVD infection was a very common complication, occurring in 36.2% of cases. However, we adopted ventriculitis as the standard diagnosis, as advocated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Considering the high lethality associated with intracranial hemorrhage, the adoption of a more aggressive treatment protocol for this patient population might improve morbidity and mortality rates.
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SUN, Xue-Zhi, Sentaro TAKAHASHI, Chun GUI, Rui ZHANG, Kazuo KOGA, Minoru NOUYE, and Yoshiharu MURATA. "Neuronal Migration and Neuronal Migration Disorder in Cerebral Cortex." Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2773.

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Lunardi, Luciano Werle. "Uso do índice de celularidade no líquor para diagnóstico precoce de infecção no sistema nervoso central após drenagem ventricular externa." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164831.

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O uso de Derivação Ventricular Externa (DVE) é necessário para o tratamento de muitas doenças, como Traumatismo Cranioencefálico (TCE) e Hemorragia Subaracnoide (HSA). As meningites e ventriculites são complicações frequentes desse uso. Neste trabalho buscamos determinar sensibilidade, especificidade e ponto de corte para o Índice de Celularidade (IC) em pacientes com TCE, HSA e acidente vascular cerebral hemorrágico (AVCh). Nossa população de estudo foi composta por pacientes com diferentes doenças de base e poucos resultados de cultura de líquor positiva. Para diagnóstico das infecções foram utilizados os critérios do CDC. A análise global do IC mostrou uma área sob a curva de 0,982. O ponto de corte geral do IC com o valor de 2,9 tem uma sensibilidade de 95% e uma especificidade de 92,9%. Nos pacientes com HSA obtivemos uma área sob a curva de 1,0 com o IC de 2,7. A sensibilidade e especificidade foram de 100%. Também foi analisada a variação relativa do IC. Para esta análise, a área sob a curva foi de 0,882 e um aumento de 4,33 vezes no IC demonstrou ser indicativo de infecção (p=0,002), dados estes semelhantes aos da literatura. Também foi feito Heatmap do IC, mostrando que ele dificilmente volta ao normal em pacientes com meningite, mesmo após o tratamento. Logo, o IC mostrou-se valioso para diagnóstico de infecção e inadequado para o acompanhamento do tratamento. Esperamos utilizar em nossa instituição o novo ponto de corte proposto por este trabalho com o intuito de melhorar desfechos clínicos.
The use of an external ventricular drain (EVD) is required for the treatment of many diseases, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Meningitis and ventriculitis are frequent complications arising from the use of EVD therapy. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff point for cellularity index (CI) in patients with TBI, SAH, and hemorrhagic stroke. Our study population consisted of patients with different underlying diseases and few culture-positive CSF samples. The diagnosis of infections was based on CDC criteria. Overall CI analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.982. The cutoff of 2.9 for overall CI provided a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 92.9%. In patients with SAH, the AUC was 1.0 for a CI of 2.7; furthermore, sensitivity and specificity were 100%. The relative variation of the CI was also assessed. This analysis revealed an AUC of 0.882, and a 4.33-fold increase was found be indicative of infection (p=0.002), findings similar to those of the literature. Additionally, a heatmap analysis demonstrated that the CI is unlike to return to normal in patients with meningitis, even after treatment. Therefore, this index showed to be valuable for the diagnosis of infection, but was inadequate for monitoring treatment. We hope to use the new cutoff point proposed by this study in our institution to improve patient clinical outcomes.
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Mooe, Thomas. "Left ventricular thrombus and stroke after acute myocardial infarction." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Medicin, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100547.

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A left ventricular thrombus develops in approximately 40% of patients following an anterior myocardial infarction. Embolization from these thrombi has been regarded as the most important cause of stroke following a myocardial infarction. The occurrence and characteristics of left ventricular thrombi and stroke after anterior myocardial infarction may, however, have changed after the introduction of aspirin and thrombolytics as standard therapy. The occurrence of left ventricular thrombi was examined in 99 patients with an acute anterior myocardial infarction, 74 of whom were treated with streptokinase. Thrombi were equally common in the thrombolysis group (46%, 95% confidence interval [Cl], 35-57%) as in the non-thrombolysis group (40%, 95% Cl, 21-59%). The risk of thrombus formation was related to the degree of left ventricular segmental dysfunction. Using serial echocardiographic examinations, the formation and resolution of thrombi was found to be highly dynamic. The majority of thrombi diagnosed during the hospital stay had resolved at follow-up one month later, irrespective of treatment with streptokinase or anticoagulants. The development of new thrombi was, however, observed at every follow-up examination interval. One-hundred-and-twenty-four patients suffering a stroke within 28 days of an acute myocardial infarction were identified in the northern Sweden MONICA stroke registry between 1985 and 1994. The overall event rate of ischemic myocardial infarction-related stroke was 1.07%. The risk of a stroke was highest duringt he first 5 days after the infarction. Only approximately half the strokes were preceded by an anterior myocardial infarction. In a case-control analysis, atrial fibrillation (chronic or new onset), ST elevation and a history of a previous stroke were found to be independent predictors of stroke. There was a long-term trend towards a lower incidence and event rate for myocardial infarction-related stroke. Clinical stroke characteristics were examined in 103 patients with a first-ever stroke within 28 days of a myocardial infarction and compared with stroke characteristics in 206 control subjects without a recent myocardial infarction. The sudden onset of neurological symptoms, an impairment of consciousness, a progression in neurological deficits and a stroke of the total anterior circulation infarction subclass were more common in cases than in controls. The risk of a recurrent stroke during one year of follow-up was not influenced by a recent myocardial infarction, but patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction had markedly higher mortality. To conclude, thrombolytic treatment does not reduce the occurrence of left ventricular thrombi after a myocardial infarction. The risk of thrombus formation is related to the extent of the myocardial injury. The development and resolution of thrombi is a highly dynamic process. There is a long-term trend towards a lower incidence and event rate of ischemic stroke after a myocardial infarction. Although the clinical stroke characteristics differ, they are not specific enough to differentiate between patients with and without a recent myocardial infarction.

S. 1-84: sammanfattning, s. 85-136: 5 uppsatser


digitalisering@umu
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Simkins, Jeffrey R. "A Microcontroller-based External Ventricular Drain with Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Spinal Fluid Color Monitoring." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535457154520209.

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Pfluecke, C., M. Christoph, S. Kolschmann, D. Tarnowski, M. Forkmann, S. Jellinghaus, D. M. Poitz, et al. "Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation improves cerebral perfusion in patients with decreased left ventricular function." Sage, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35364.

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Background: The current goal of treatment after acute ischemic stroke is the increase of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ischemic brain tissue. Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation in the setting of cardiogenic shock is able to reduce left ventricular afterload and increase coronary blood flow. The effects of an IABP on CBF have not been sufficiently examined. We hypothesize that the use of an IABP especially enhances cerebral blood flow in patients with pre-existing heart failure. Methods: In this pilot study, 36 subjects were examined to investigate the effect of an IABP on middle cerebral artery (MCA) transcranial Doppler (TCD) flow velocity change and relative CBF augmentation by determining velocity time integral changes (ΔVTI) in a constant caliber of the MCA compared to a baseline measurement without an IABP. Subjects were divided into two groups according to their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): Group 1 LVEF >30% and Group 2 LVEF ≤30%. Results: Both groups showed an increase in CBF using an IABP. Patients with a LVEF ≤30% showed a significantly higher increase of ΔVTI in the MCA under IABP augmentation compared to patients with a LVEF >30% (20.9% ± 3.9% Group 2 vs.10.5% ± 2.2% Group 1, p<0,05). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased only marginally in both groups under IABP augmentation. Conclusions: IABP improves cerebral blood flow, particularly in patients with pre-existing heart failure and highly impaired LVEF. Hence, an IABP might be a treatment option to improve cerebral perfusion in selected patients with cerebral misperfusion and simultaneously existing severe heart failure.
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Books on the topic "Cerebro - Ventriculos"

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Fisch, Adam. Meninges and Ventricular System. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199845712.003.0018.

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Chapter 2 discusses how to draw the meninges and ventricular system, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, the cerebral ventricles, the cisterns, sinuses, and veins, as well as hemorrhages and innervation.
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Stocchetti, Nino, and Andrew I. R. Maas. Causes and management of intracranial hypertension. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0233.

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Intracranial hypertension may damage the brain in two ways—it causes tissue distortion and herniation, and reduces cerebral perfusion. The many different pathologies that can result in intracranial hypertension include subarachnoid haemorrhage, spontaneous intra-parenchymal haemorrhage, malignant cerebral hemispheric infarction, and acute hydrocephalus. The pathophysiology and specific treatment of intracranial hypertension may be different and depend on aetiology. In patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage a specific focus is on treating secondary hydrocephalus and maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Indications for surgery in patients with intracranial hypertension due to intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) are not only related to the mass effect, but also to remove the toxic effect of extravasated blood on brain tissue. Decompressive surgery should be considered for patients with a malignant hemispheric infarction, but in order to benefit the patient this surgery should be performed within 48 hours of the onset of the stroke. Hydrocephalus may result from obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, from impaired CSF re-absorption and occasionally from overproduction of CSF. Emergency management of acute hydrocephalus can be accomplished by external ventricular drainage of CSF. More definitive treatment may be either by third ventriculostomy or implantation of a CSF shunt diverting CSF to the abdominal cavity (a ventriculoperitoneal shunt) or to the right atrium of the heart (ventriculo-atrial shunt).
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Kevin Luk, K. H., and Deepak Sharma. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Edited by David E. Traul and Irene P. Osborn. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190850036.003.0024.

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is commonly caused by rupture of an intracranial aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, or due to trauma. Prompt diagnosis and intervention are required to control intracranial pressure, maintain cerebral perfusion, and prevent rebleeding. Clinical grading of the bleed predicts morbidity and mortality, whereas imaging grading predicts risk of cerebral vasospasm. Hydrocephalus can occur as a result of SAH, which requires treatment with an external ventricular drain. Endovascular and open microsurgical procedures are available for securing the vascular abnormalities. Patients are typically monitored in a neurocritical care unit for up to 21 days post-bleed to monitor for the development of cerebral vasospasm/delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Mainstay of treatment for DCI includes induced hypertension, balloon angioplasty, and intraarterial vasodilator therapy. In addition, patient may experience significant derangement in their cardiac, pulmonary, and endocrine systems, requiring inotropic support, mechanical ventilation, or insulin infusion therapy.
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Dunn, Lauren E., Joshua Z. Willey, and Ronald M. Lazar. Neuroprotection for Mechanical Circulatory Support. Edited by David L. Reich, Stephan Mayer, and Suzan Uysal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190280253.003.0012.

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This chapter examines the adverse neurological events associated with mechanical circulatory support (MCS), which includes left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) and percutaneous devices for cardiac disease. The most frequently encountered neurological events are ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, as well as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), heart failure and cardiovascular disease. The management of acute cerebrovascular conditions in this population poses unique challenges, given concomitant anticoagulation usage, hemodynamically unstable patients, and lack of randomized controlled trials investigating these clinical scenarios. Other acute neurological events include cerebral hyperperfusion and cerebral air embolism. This chapter describes these complications and their risk factors, and the available evidence-based and institutional management strategies.
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Kim, Jinu, and Aleka Scoco. Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts. Edited by David E. Traul and Irene P. Osborn. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190850036.003.0021.

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Placement and revision of ventricular shunts has saved more lives in Western society than any other neurosurgical procedure. Estimates of a total of 75,000 shunt procedures are done yearly in North America. The majority of these cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-diverting shunts originate in the lateral ventricle, drain into the peritoneum and are described as ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts. Other less common CSF shunt variants include ventriculoatrial and ventriculopleural. VP shunts are the most common neurosurgical procedure performed in both adults and children. An understanding of CSF flow dynamics, intracranial pressure, and cerebral perfusion helps guide anesthetic management of these procedures.
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Mason, Peggy. Developmental Overview of Central Neuroanatomy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237493.003.0003.

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The central nervous system develops from a proliferating tube of cells and retains a tubular organization in the adult spinal cord and brain, including the forebrain. Failure of the neural tube to close at the front is lethal, whereas failure to close the tube at the back end produces spina bifida, a serious neural tube defect. Swellings in the neural tube develop into the hindbrain, midbrain, diencephalon, and telencephalon. The diencephalon sends an outpouching out of the cranium to form the retina, providing an accessible window onto the brain. The dorsal telencephalon forms the cerebral cortex, which in humans is enormously expanded by growth in every direction. Running through the embryonic neural tube is an internal lumen that becomes the cerebrospinal fluid–containing ventricular system. The effects of damage to the spinal cord and forebrain are compared with respect to impact on self and potential for improvement.
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Gibson, Alistair A., and Peter J. D. Andrews. Management of traumatic brain injury. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0343.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and although young male adults are at particular risk, it affects all ages. TBI often occurs in the presence of significant extracranial injuries and immediate management focuses on the ABCs—airway with cervical spine control, breathing, and circulation. Best outcomes are achieved by management in centres that can offer comprehensive neurological critical care and appropriate management for extracranial injuries. If patients require transfer from an admitting hospital to a specialist centre, the transfer must be carried out by an appropriately skilled and equipped transport team. The focus of specific TBI management is on the avoidance of secondary injury to the brain. The principles of management are to avoid hypotension and hypoxia, control intracranial pressure and maintain cerebral perfusion pressure above 60 mmHg. Management of increased intracranial pressure is generally by a stepwise approach starting with sedation and analgesia, lung protective mechanical ventilation to normocarbia in a 30° head-up position, maintenance of oxygenation, and blood pressure. Additional measures include paralysis with a neuromuscular blocking agent, CSF drainage via an external ventricular drain, osmolar therapy with mannitol or hypertonic saline, and moderate hypothermia. Refractory intracranial hypertension may be treated surgically with decompressive craniectomy or medically with high dose barbiturate sedation. General supportive measures include provision of adequate nutrition preferably by the enteral route, thromboembolism prophylaxis, skin and bowel care, and management of all extracranial injuries.
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Ferguson, Colin. Pathophysiology and management of hypothermia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0354.

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Accidental hypothermia is defined as a core temperature of <35°C and is uncommon. It may present in any age group at any time of the year. Hypothermia may be primary, where the cold injury is the major pathology, or secondary where patients develop hypothermia incidental to another illness. Since the severely cold patient may be in cardiac arrest, areflexic, and in coma, decision making regarding treatment, its initiation, and continuation, may be difficult. Hypothermia is classified into mild (33–35°C), moderate (28–33°C) and severe (<28°C), but these are not distinct clinical syndromes. A more recent classification into stages has emerged from alpine medicine along with a treatment algorithm based on it. Many pathophysiogical changes are due to reduced enzyme action. Clinical features include changes in higher cerebral functions with bizarre behaviour progressing to coma. In the circulation initial tachycardia and hypertension (‘cold stress’) are replaced, as the patient cools, with worsening hypotension and bradycardia and, eventually, ventricular fibrillation and asystole. Rewarming methods are classified as passive or active and the latter subdivided into external, core, and extracorporeal. Active warming should be considered for patients with a temperature of 32°C or lower. Peritoneal lavage has the advantage of warming the liver directly and also the heart through the diaphragm. Cardiopulmonary bypass is the extracorporeal method with most experience, but the advent of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has the advantage of portability.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cerebro - Ventriculos"

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Hahn, Horst K., William S. Millar, Maureen S. Durkin, Olaf Klinghammer, and Heinz-Otto Peitgen. "Cerebral Ventricular Volumetry in Pediatric Neuroimaging." In Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2002, 59–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55983-9_14.

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Reinertsen, Ingerid, Asgeir Jakola, Ole Solheim, Frank Lindseth, and Geirmund Unsgård. "Model-Guided Placement of Cerebral Ventricular Catheters." In Information Processing in Computer-Assisted Interventions, 30–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38568-1_4.

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Sacchetti, E., A. Vita, M. Battaglia, A. Calzeroni, G. Conte, G. Invernizzi, and C. L. Cazzullo. "Season of birth and cerebral ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia." In Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia, 93–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3207-4_9.

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Cardoso, Erico R., and Marc R. Del Bigio. "Age-Related Changes of Cerebral Ventricular Size. Part II: Normalization of ventricular size following shunting." In Annual Review of Hydrocephalus, 89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11158-1_53.

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Sacchetti, E., A. Vita, A. Calzeroni, G. Conte, F. Pollastro, A. Terzi, G. Valvassori, G. Invernizzi, and C. L. Cazzullo. "Neuromorphological correlates of mood disorders: focus on cerebral ventricular enlargement." In Plasticity and Morphology of the Central Nervous System, 63–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0851-2_7.

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Sacchetti, E., A. Vita, A. Calzeroni, G. Invernizzi, and C. L. Cazzullo. "Neuromorphological correlates of schizophrenic disorders: focus on cerebral ventricular enlargement." In Etiopathogenetic Hypotheses of Schizophrenia, 67–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3207-4_8.

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7

Hänggi, Daniel, and Hans-Jakob Steiger. "The Influence of Cisternal and Ventricular Lavage on Cerebral Vasospasm in Patients Suffering from Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Analysis of Effectiveness." In Early Brain Injury or Cerebral Vasospasm, 95–98. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0356-2_17.

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8

Jakobsen, J., C. Gyldensted, B. Brun, P. Bruhn, S. Helweg-Larsen, and P. Arlien-Søborg. "Cerebral Ventricular Enlargement Relates to Neuropsychological Measures in Unselected AIDS Patients." In Annual Review of Hydrocephalus, 44–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11158-1_26.

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Bigio, M. R. Del, and E. R. Cardoso. "Cerebral Elasticity and Ventricular Size Part I: Normalization of Ventricles Following Shunting." In Intracranial Pressure VII, 281–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73987-3_77.

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Nagao, Ken, Nariyuki Hayashi, Ken Arima, Kimio Kikushima, Jougi Ohtsuki, and Katsuo Kanmatsuse. "Mild Hypothermia for Cerebral Resuscitation in Survivors of Out-of-Hospital Ventricular Fibrillation." In Brain Hypothermia, 195–202. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66882-4_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cerebro - Ventriculos"

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Lefever, Joel A., José Jaime García, and Joshua H. Smith. "A Large Deformation Finite Element Model for Non-Communicating Hydrocephalus." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80179.

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In a healthy brain, a continuous flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced in the choroid plexus, located in the lateral ventricles. Most of the CSF drains via the Sylvius aqueduct into the subarachnoid space around the brain, but a small amount flows directly through the cerebrum into the subarachnoid space inside the skull. Non-communicating hydrocephalus occurs when an obstruction blocks the Sylvius aqueduct. Because the cerebrum has only limited capacity for CSF to flow through it, CSF accumulates in the ventricles, yielding a significant increase in ventricular volume and deformation of the cerebrum, which may lead to tissue damage.
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Aziz, Aamer, QingMao Hu, and Wieslaw L. Nowinski. "Morphometric analysis of cerebral ventricular system from MR images." In Medical Imaging 2004, edited by Amir A. Amini and Armando Manduca. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.533209.

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Cahoon, Peter, Douglas Cochrane, and Ellen Grant. "Simulation and visualization of 3D flow fields in the human cerebral ventricular system." In Electronic Imaging: Science & Technology, edited by Georges G. Grinstein and Robert F. Erbacher. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.234675.

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Van Canneyt, Koen, Jan Kips, Guy Mareels, Edward Baert, Dirk Van Roost, and Pascal Verdonck. "Experimental and Numerical Modelling of the Ventriculo-Sinus Shunt to Treat Malresoptive Hydrocephalus." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-177054.

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This study assesses malresorptive hydrocephalus treatment by ventriculosinus (VS) shunting with the shunt in antegrade or retrograde position. First, an experimental model of the cerebral ventricles, the arachnoid villi, the cortical veins and the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) was built. For this purpose, the compliance of a human cortical vein was measured ex vivo and then modelled by means of Penrose tubes. The dimensions of the superior sagittal sinus were also determined in vivo by measurements on MRI-scans of 21 patients. Secondly, with the experimental model, a numerical model of the cortical veins and the superior sagittal sinus was validated. The experimental and numerical pressure difference between the intracranial pressure and the static sinus pressure was small (0–20 Pa) and corresponded with the theoretically expected values. No overdrainage was found in either antegrade or retrograde position of the shunt. Blood reflow was only found while mimicking lumbar puncture or changes in position with the experimental model (fast lowering the intracranial pressure respectively fast increasing the sinus pressure). Both model results confirm the potential of ventriculosinus shunting as therapy for malresorptive hydrocephalus patients. The ventriculosinus shunt thus proves to be a promising technique.
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Manousakas, Ioannis N., Peter E. Undrill, and Thomas W. Redpath. "Comparison of 3D split-and-merge segmentation with direct MRI determination of cerebral ventricule volume." In Medical Imaging 1996, edited by Murray H. Loew and Kenneth M. Hanson. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.237923.

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Osorio, Andres F., Alain J. Kassab, Eduardo A. Divo, I. Ricardo Argueta-Morales, and William M. DeCampli. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Surgical Adjustment of Ventricular Assist Device Implantation to Minimize Stroke Risk." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12813.

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Presently, mechanical support is the most promising alternative to cardiac transplantation. Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs) were originally used to provide mechanical circulatory support in patients waiting planned heart transplantation (“bridge-to-transplantation” therapy). The success of short-term bridge devices led to clinical trials evaluating the clinical suitability of long-term support (“destination” therapy) with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). The first larger-scale, randomized trial that tested long-term support with a LVAD reported a 44% reduction in the risk of stroke or death in patients with a LVAD. In spite of the success of LVADs as bridge-to-transplantation and long-term support. Patients carrying these devices are still at risk of several adverse events. The most devastating complication is caused by embolization of thrombi formed within the LVAD or inside the heart into the brain. Prevention of thrombi formation is attempted through anticoagulation management and by improving LVADs design; however there is still significant occurrence of thromboembolic events in patients. Investigators have reported that the incidence of thromboembolic cerebral events ranges from 14% to 47% over a period of 6–12 months. An alternative method to reduce the incidence of cerebral embolization has been proposed by one of the co-authors, namely William DeCampli M.D., Ph.D. The hypothesis is that it is possible to minimize the number of thrombi flowing into the carotid arteries by an optimal placement of the LVAD outflow conduit, and/or the addition of aortic bypass connecting the ascending aorta (AO) and the innominate artery (IA), or left carotid artery (LCA). This paper presents the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the aortic arch hemodynamics using a representative geometry of the human aortic arch and an alternative aortic bypass. The alternative aortic bypass is intended to reduce thrombi flow incidence into the carotid arteries in patients with LVAD implants with the aim to reduce thromboembolisms. In order to study the trajectory of the thrombi within the aortic arch, a Lagrangian particle-tracking model is coupled to the CFD model. Results are presented in the form of percentage of thrombi flowing to the carotid arteries as a function of LVAD conduit placement and aortic bypass implantation, revealing promising improvement.
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Aziz, Aamer, Qingmao Hu, and Wieslaw L. Nowinski. "Extraction of the human cerebral ventricular system from MRI: inclusion of anatomical knowledge and clinical perspective." In Medical Imaging 2004, edited by Amir A. Amini and Armando Manduca. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.536313.

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Cahoon, Peter, Douglas Cochrane, and Ellen Grant. "Modeling time-varying three-dimensional strain fields in the human cerebral ventricular system using finite element methods." In Electronic Imaging '97, edited by Georges G. Grinstein and Robert F. Erbacher. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.270329.

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White, A., J. Corona, R. Joshi, and B. Welch. "E-009 Initial experience of curative transvenous embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations using rapid ventricular pacing for flow arrest." In SNIS 18TH ANNUAL MEETING. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-snis.105.

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Caicedo, Alexander, Carolina Varon, Thomas Alderliesten, Petra Lemmers, Frank van Bel, Gunnar Naulaers, and Sabine Van Huffel. "Differences in the cerebral hemodynamics regulation mechanisms of premature infants with intra-ventricular hemorrhage assessed by means of phase rectified signal averaging." In 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2014.6944552.

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