Journal articles: 'Cerebro - Ventriculos'

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Aydin, A. "The morphology of circulus arteriosus cerebri in the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)." Veterinární Medicína 53, No. 5 (June 13, 2008): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1948-vetmed.

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In this study, the circulus arteriosus cerebri of the squirrel was investigated. Ten squirrel were used. Coloured latex was given from left ventriculi of the all squirrels. Circulus arteriosus cerebri was examined after the dissection was made. The basilar artery was formed by merge of the right and left vertebral artery. The caudal communicans artery which was caudal part of circulus arteriosus cerebri was formed by the basilar artery on sulcus pontocrurale. From caudal to cranial, the branches originated from the basilar artery and circulus arteriosus cerebri to cerebrum and cerebellum were as follows: the caudal cerebelli artery,rami ad pontem, the rostral cerebelli artery, the caudal choroidea artery, the caudal cerebral artery, the internal ophtalmic artery, the rostral choroidea artery, the media cerebral artery, rami striati and the rostral cerebral artery. In squirrels a variability was observed in the branches that the rostral cerebral artery gives, and their endings. It was determined that the internal carotid artery didn’t exist in 4 animals when the right and left vertebral artery were ligatured. It was found that the internal carotid artery didn’t contribute to the arterial blood to circulus arteriosus cerebri and the arterial blood to circulus arteriosus cerebri of squirrels is provided via only the basilar artery.

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Aydin, A., S. Yilmaz, Z. E. Ozkan, and R. Ilgun. "The morphology of the circulus arteriosus cerebri in the ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus)." Veterinární Medicína 54, No. 11 (December 23, 2009): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/162/2009-vetmed.

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In this study, the circulus arteriosus cerebri of the ground squirrel (<i>Spermophilus citellus</i>) was investigated. Five ground squirrels were used as subjects. Coloured latex was injected from the left ventriculi of the hearts of all the squirrels. When the vertebral arteries of two of the animals were ligatured, it was found that there was no internal carotid artery. After careful dissection, the circulus arteriosus cerebri (the circle of Willis) was investigated. The right and left vertebral arteries gave rise to the caudal cerebellar artery before forming the basilar artery. The basilar artery formed the caudal communicans artery that was the caudal part of the circulus arteriosus cerebri on the pontocrural groove (sulcus pontocruralis). The caudal, medial, rostral cerebellar, the common root formed by the caudal cerebral and choroid arteries, the rostral choroid, the rostral and medial cerebral arteries arose from the vertebral, basilar and caudal communicans arteries and dispersed to the cerebrum and cerebellum from caudal to cranial. The termination and the branches of the rostral cerebral artery in ground squirrels varied. It was observed that the internal carotid artery does not supply the circulus arteriosus cerebri in ground squirrels.

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Oviedo, Jorge M., Matías Ruiz, Fernando Krywinski, Juan Staneff, Juan A. Guidobono, and Daniel Forlino. "Desarrollo de los ventrículos laterales del cerebro durante el segundo trimestre de gestación identificados por resonancia magnética." Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 38, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/med.3812952.

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El sistema ventricular del cerebro cambia su forma y tamaño durante el desarrollo fetal. Las modificaciones cronológicas están relacionadas al rápido crecimiento del parénquima cerebral por migración neuronal desde la matriz germinal, el desarrollo de las cisuras y surcos, el cuerpo calloso, la impronta de los núcleos de la base del cerebro y el tálamo. El objetivo del trabajo es describir los cambios morfológicos de los ventrículos laterales durante el segundo trimestre de gestación mediante el estudio con resonancia magnética de 20 fetos, 16 masculinos y 4 femeninos, de 16 semanas de edad gestacional media. Se utilizó un equipo de 1.5 Tesla con técnicas volumétricas 3D. Se registró la forma de cada ventrículo lateral mediante una línea central en una vista lateral 3D del cerebro. Además se comparó el diámetro vertical del cuerpo de cada ventrículo con el espesor del parénquima cerebral, correlacionando los datos con las semanas de edad gestacional, y el diámetro transverso del atrio ventricular. Los ventrículos laterales modificaron progresivamente su forma desde una línea curva esférica hasta una elíptica con cola desde la 12ª hasta la 20ª semanas de gestación. El diámetro vertical del cuerpo ventricular se redujo en éste periodo gestacional en comparación con el parénquima cerebral que incrementó notablemente su espesor

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Bonfield, Christopher M., Gregory M. Weiner, Megan S. Bradley, and Johnathan A. Engh. "Vaginal extrusion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt catheter in an adult." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 6, no. 01 (January 2015): 097–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.143212.

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ABSTRACTVentriculo-peritoneal shunts (VPS) are commonly used in the treatment of various neurosurgical conditions, including hydrocephalus and pseudotumor cerebri. We report only the second case of vaginal extrusion of a VPS catheter in an adult, and the first case with a modern VPS silastic peritoneal catheter. A 45-year-old female with a history of VPS for pseudotumor cerebri, Behcet’s syndrome, and hysterectomy presented to our institution with the chief complaint of tubing protruding from her vagina after urination. On gynecologic examination, the patient was found to have approximately 15 cm of VPS catheter protruding from her vaginal apex. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen and shunt X-ray series demonstrated no breaks in the tubing, but also confirmed the finding of the VPS catheter extruding through the vaginal cuff into the vagina. The patient had the VPS removed and an external ventricular drain was placed for temporary cerebrospinal fluid diversion. Ventricular catheter cultures were positive for diphtheroids. After an appropriate course of antibiotics, a contralateral ventriculo-pleural shunt was placed one week later. Although vary rare, vaginal extrusion can occur in adults, even with modern VPS catheters.

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Joshi, Ram Babu, Rupendra Bahadur Adhikari, and Amit Thapa. "Neuroendoscopic lavage and continuous drainage of ventricles: Treatment of pyocephalus in a newborn." Grande Medical Journal 1, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gmj.v1i1.22415.

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Pyocephalus/Cerebral ventricular empyema is a serious life threatening complication of acute pyogenic meningitis. The primary treatment of ventriculitis is administration of antibiotics. With recent advances, neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) of ventricles through direct visualization has helped save lives when multipronged approaches including intravenous (IV) antibiotics, intrathecal antibiotics and continuous drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fails. We report a case of a 23-day old neonate who developed pyocephalus as a complication of pyogenic meningitis. He did not respond favorably to initial IV antibiotic treatment for two weeks. NEL of ventricles was performed. Thick pus/flakes inside the ventricles had caused obstructive hydrocephalus. Continuous CSF drainage was done through strategically placed multiple external ventricular drains. Interval ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was done bilaterally after the CSF was macroscopically/ microscopically clear of visible debris, and sterile. Microbiological and clinical cure was achieved and the child survived and is thriving well at last follow-up at the age of 6 months.

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Naradzay, Jerome F. X., Brian J. Browne, Michael A. Rolnick, and Robert J. Doherty. "Cerebral ventricular shunts." Journal of Emergency Medicine 17, no. 2 (March 1999): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0736-4679(98)00168-1.

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Ordóñez-Rubiano, Edgar G., Pablo E. Baquero, Hernando A. Cifuentes-Lobelo, William Cortés-Lozano, Javier G. Patiño, and Edgar G. Ordóñez-Mora. "Embriología del sistema ventricular cerebral." Revista Chilena de Neurocirugía 42, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36593/rev.chil.neurocir.v42i2.117.

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El Sistema Ventricular Cerebral se desarrolla de forma paralela al resto del Sistema Nervioso Central, facilitando la circulación del Líquido Cefalorraquídeo, desde su separación del líquido amniótico a nivel embrionario. Este desarrollo es necesario para entender correctamente la anatomía ventricular y facilitar el abordaje para patologías intraventriculares. El objetivo de esta revisión es reconocer los puntos más importantes en la embriología ventricular para facilitar el aprendizaje de la anatomía quirúrgica ventricular.

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Tutty, Simon, and Tom Russell. "Cerebral Ventricular Endoscopic Photography." Journal of Audiovisual Media in Medicine 9, no. 2 (January 1986): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17453058609156027.

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Brøndsted, H. E. "CEREBRAL VENTRICULAR FLUID GLUCOSE." Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 46, S43 (January 29, 2009): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0404.1970.tb02227.x.

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Church, Molly E., Bradley J. Turek, and Amy C. Durham. "Neuropathology of Spontaneous Hypertensive Encephalopathy in Cats." Veterinary Pathology 56, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 778–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985819849500.

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Pathologic features of 12 cats with naturally acquired systemic hypertension and concomitant hypertensive encephalopathy were analyzed. All cats demonstrated acute onset of signs localized to the forebrain and/or brainstem, including stupor, coma, and seizures. All cats had systemic hypertension, ranging from 160 to 300 mm Hg. Gross lesions were identified in 4 of 12 cases, including caudal herniation of the cerebrum and cerebellum, sometimes with compression of the rostral colliculus and medulla. Histologically, all cases featured bilaterally symmetrical edema of the cerebral white matter. Associated vascular lesions, especially arteriolar hyalinosis, were also observed. Concurrent lesions were chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (11/12 cases), adenomatous hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (4 cases), hypertensive choroidal arteriopathy (6 cases), and left ventricular hypertrophy (5 cases). This study demonstrates that the typical histologic manifestation of spontaneous hypertensive encephalopathy in cats is bilaterally symmetrical edema of the subcortical cerebral white matter.

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Yano, Hirohito, Noriyuki Nakayama, Kasumi Morimitsu, Manabu Futamura, Naoyuki Ohe, Kazuhiro Miwa, Jun Shinoda, and Toru Iwama. "Changes in Protein Level in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of a Patient with Cerebral Radiation Necrosis Treated with Bevacizumab." Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology 8 (January 2014): CMO.S19823. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmo.s19823.

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A 32-year-old woman underwent surgeries and radiation therapy for astrocytoma. She developed symptomatic radiation necrosis in the lesion, which caused hydrocephalus. She initially underwent ventricular drainage, because the protein level in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was 787 mg/dL, which was too high for shunt surgery. Because she also had breast cancer, which was pathologically diagnosed as an invasive ductal carcinoma, standard bevacizumab therapy in combination with paclitaxel every 2 weeks was selected. Interestingly, after 2 days, the agents had dramatically reduced the CSF protein level. However, it returned to approximately the initial level within 2 weeks. After two courses of this regimen, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed. After 10 courses of this regimen, the CSF protein level decreased to 338 mg/dL, which is less than half of the initial level. Long-term administration of bevacizumab might decrease leakage of protein from the vessels around the ventriculus.

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Przyborowska, P., Z. Adamiak, P. Holak, Y. Zhalniarovich, and WS Maksymowicz. "Diagnosis of cerebral ventriculomegaly in felines using 0.25 Tesla and 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging." Veterinární Medicína 63, No. 1 (January 22, 2018): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/59/2017-vetmed.

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Twenty European shorthair cats with neurological disorders, aged 1–3 years and with body weights of 2.6–4.05 kg, were studied in low-field and high-field magnetic resonance imaging systems. Aims of the study were to evaluate the dilation of lateral ventricles in the examined population of cats with the use of quantitative analysis methods and to identify any differences in the results of low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging. The average brain height was determined to 27.3 mm, and the average volume of the brain was 10 699.7 mm<sup>3</sup>. Moderately enlarged ventricles were observed in 16 symptomatic cats. Moderate unilateral enlargement was observed in one cat. Mild ventricular asymmetry was described in four animals. The average difference in ventricular height between measurements obtained in low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging was 0.37 ± 0.16% and for ventricular volume it was 0.62 ± 0.29%. The magnetic resonance imaging scan did not reveal statistically significant differences in brain height or volume between healthy and cats with ventriculomegaly. The differences in the results of low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging were not statistically significant. Described findings could facilitate the interpretation of magnetic resonance images in cats with ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus.

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Martinez Benia, Fernando, Gonzalo Estapé Carriquiry, Eduardo J,L Alho, and Erich T. Fonoff. "USO DE IMÁGENES 3D DEL SISTEMA VENTRICULAR ENCEFALICO OBTENIDAS POR SISTEMA DE NEURONAVEGACIÓN EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA NEUROANATOMÍA EN EL PREGRADO. TRIDIMENSIONAL IMAGES OF THE VENTRICULAR SYSTEM OBTAINED IN A NEURONAVIGATOR SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR NEUROAN." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 2, no. 2 (March 28, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v2.n2.13877.

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Introducción: El sistema ventricular encefálico es muy complejo, y es especialmente difícil de comprender para los estudiantes de pregrado. Clásicamente, la anatomía ventricular puede enseñarse usando encéfalos cadavéricos, imágenes de tomografía o resonancia magnética. Presentamos nuestra experiencia con el uso de imágenes tridimensionales obtenidas mediante un sistema de neuronavegación. Material y métodos: Se obtuvieron imágenes de resonancia magnética de 3 pacientes. Las imágenes fueron introducidas en un sistema de neuronavegación y se reconstruyó específicamente el sistema ventricular encefálico y algunas estructuras gangliobasales. Posteriormente se solicitó la opinión de 38 estudiantes de pregrado que cursaban la materia neuroanatomía, sobre la utilidad de las imágenes en el estudio del sistema ventricular.Discusión: todas las imágenes obtenidas fueron de buena calidad, el 100% de los estudiantes manifestó que las imágenes eran muy útiles o esenciales para comprender cabalmente la anatomía ventricular. Conclusiones: el uso de imágenes obtenidas por un sistema de neuronavegación son útiles en la enseñanza de la anatomía del sistema ventricular encefálico.AIntroduction: Anatomy of cerebral ventricles is very complex. Classically, ventricular system anatomy has been taught employing cadaveric brains and CT or MRI images. We present 3D images of the ventricular system obtained by neuronavigation system and the results of its use in teaching anatomy of cerebral ventricles. Material and methods: Magnetic resonance images of three patients were obtained. These images were transferred to a neuronavigation system, and a 3D reconstruction of cerebral ventricles, were performed. Afterwards, 38 undergraduate students were required to give their opinion about how useful the images are in order to study the cerebral ventricles. Results: One hundred percent of the students agreed that the images were very useful or even essential to utterly comprehend the ventricular anatomy. Discussion: As other authors, we think that 3D images are very useful as a complement for teaching anatomy of cerebral ventricles. Conclusions: Employment of 3D images obtained in a computer system are useful for teaching the encephalic ventricular system anatomy, as a complementary tool.

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Boretsky, R. H., and W. J. Levy. "CEREBRAL HYPOXIA DURING VENTRICULAR DYSRHYTHMIAS." Anesthesiology 69, no. 3A (September 1, 1988): A47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198809010-00047.

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McClelland, H. A., T. A. Kerr, and A. V. Metcalfe. "Cerebral ventricular size and dyskinesia." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 1 (January 1992): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.1.127a.

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Cooper, Stephen J., Michael M. Doherty, and John Waddington. "Cerebral ventricular size and dyskinesia." British Journal of Psychiatry 159, no. 4 (October 1991): 583–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000030579.

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Poon, T. P., J. R. Mangiardi, I. Matoso, and I. Weitzner. "Third ventricular primary cerebral neuroblastoma." Surgical Neurology 30, no. 3 (September 1988): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(88)90279-0.

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Nasrallah, Henry A. "Cerebral Ventricular Enlargement in Schizophrenia." Archives of General Psychiatry 43, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800020067008.

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Rajaram, Ajay, Lawrence C. M. Yip, Daniel Milej, Marianne Suwalski, Matthew Kewin, Marcus Lo, Jeffrey J. L. Carson, et al. "Perfusion and Metabolic Neuromonitoring during Ventricular Taps in Infants with Post-Hemorrhagic Ventricular Dilatation." Brain Sciences 10, no. 7 (July 15, 2020): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10070452.

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Post-hemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) is characterized by a build-up of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles, which increases intracranial pressure and compresses brain tissue. Clinical interventions (i.e., ventricular taps, VT) work to mitigate these complications through CSF drainage; however, the timing of these procedures remains imprecise. This study presents Neonatal NeuroMonitor (NNeMo), a portable optical device that combines broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (B-NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) to provide simultaneous assessments of cerebral blood flow (CBF), tissue saturation (StO2), and the oxidation state of cytochrome c oxidase (oxCCO). In this study, NNeMo was used to monitor cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in PHVD patients selected for a VT. Across multiple VTs in four patients, no significant changes were found in any of the three parameters: CBF increased by 14.6 ± 37.6% (p = 0.09), StO2 by 1.9 ± 4.9% (p = 0.2), and oxCCO by 0.4 ± 0.6 µM (p = 0.09). However, removing outliers resulted in significant, but small, increases in CBF (6.0 ± 7.7%) and oxCCO (0.1 ± 0.1 µM). The results of this study demonstrate NNeMo’s ability to provide safe, non-invasive measurements of cerebral perfusion and metabolism for neuromonitoring applications in the neonatal intensive care unit.

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Millar, W. S., O. Klinghammer, M. S. Durkin, P. K. Tulipano, H. O. Peitgen, and H. K. Hahn. "A Reliable and Efficient Method for Cerebral Ventricular Volumetry in Pediatric Neuroimaging." Methods of Information in Medicine 43, no. 04 (2004): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633881.

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Summary Objectives: Cerebral ventricular volume has the potential to become an important parameter in quantitative neurological diagnosis. However, no accepted methodology for routine clinical use exists to date. We sought a robust, reproducible, and fast technique to evaluate cerebral ventricular volume in young children. Methods: We describe a novel volumetric methodology to segment and visualize intracerebral fluid spaces and to quantify ventricular volumes. The method is based on broadly available T1 weighted volumetric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, an interactive watershed transform, and a fully automated histogram analysis. We evaluated this volumetric methodology with 34 clinical volumetric MR datasets from non-sedated children (age 6-7 y) with a history of prematurity and low birth weight (≤ 1500 g) obtained during a prospective study. Results: The methodology, with adaptation for small ventricular size, was capable of evaluating all 34 of the pediatric datasets for cerebral ventricular volume. The method was a) robust for normal and pathological anatomy, b) reproducible, c) fast with less than five minutes for image analysis, and d) equally applicable to children and adults. Conclusions: Clinical brain ventricular volume calculations in non-sedated children can be performed using routine MR imaging besides efficient three-dimensional segmentation and histogram analysis with results that are robust and reproducible.

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Mourot, A., T. d'Amato, T. Rochet, M. Marie-Cardine, C. Artéaga, JP Martin, and J. Dalery. "Cerebral investigation of healthy siblings of schizophrenics." European Psychiatry 12, no. 6 (1997): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)84785-2.

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SummaryComputed tomography (CT) studies have demonstrated that lateral ventricular size measured by ventricular brain ratio (VBR), as well as third ventricle width, is statistically enlarged in schizophrenics. Moreover, these cerebral abnormalities differ according to symptomatology evaluated with a positive and negative symptom scale. The aim of this study was to investigate, using CT scans, healthy siblings of schizophrenics, and relate the results to their ill siblings. Nineteen healthy siblings of 12 previously studied schizophrenics underwent CT scans, which were compared to those of their related schizophrenic sibling and to 17 unrelated control subjects. The results showed that in ten of 12 families, schizophrenics have larger ventricles (lateral and third ventricles) than their healthy siblings. Ventricular enlargement of healthy siblings was correlated with severity of negative symptoms of their ill sibling. Implications of a familial contribution for ventricular size and negative symptoms are discussed.

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Emsley, Robin, Mimi Roberts, Roger Smith, Judora Spangenberg, and Derek Chalton. "Disordered Water Homeostasis in Schizophrenia and Cerebral Ventricular Size." British Journal of Psychiatry 166, no. 4 (April 1995): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.4.501.

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BackgroundA possible association between disordered water homeostasis and cerebral ventricular size in patients with schizophrenia was investigated.MethodIn a cross-sectional study of hospitalised patients, cerebral ventricular size was measured in 16 schizophrenic patients with disordered water homeostasis and 16 matched schizophrenic controls by magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsVentricle to brain ratio, third ventricular index, bicaudate index and bifrontal index tended to be greater in those with schizophrenia with disordered water homeostasis, although differences were significant only for the bifrontal index (P<0.05). Strong negative correlations were found between ventricular size and performance on neuropsychological testing in the disordered water homeostasis group.ConclusionThese results provide evidence for an association between structural brain abnormality and disordered water homeostasis in a subset of schizophrenic patients.

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Owen, Michael J., Shôn W. Lewis, and Robin M. Murray. "Family History and Cerebral Ventricular Enlargement in Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 5 (May 1989): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.5.629.

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Ventricular size was measured from CT scans in 48 patients meeting RDC for schizophrenia who had a first-degree relative with a history of treatment for major psychiatric disorder, in 48 age- and sex-matched schizophrenic patients with no such history in first- or second-degree relatives, and in 48 matched, healthy controls. There was no difference in ventricular size between those with and without a positive family history, although both groups showed ventricular enlargement with respect to normal controls. Ventricular enlargement was demonstrated in the subgroup of 23 patients with a family history of schizophrenia, but not in the subgroup of 18 patients with a family history of affective disorder. These observations provide further evidence that schizophrenics with a family history of affective disorder may constitute an aetiologically distinct subgroup.

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Mcgirt, Matthew J., Graeme Woodworth, George Thomas, Neil Miller, Michael Williams, and Daniele Rigamonti. "Cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement for pseudotumor cerebri—associated intractable headache: predictors of treatment response and an analysis of long-term outcomes." Journal of Neurosurgery 101, no. 4 (October 2004): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2004.101.4.0627.

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Object. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts effectively reverse symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri postoperatively, but long-term outcome has not been investigated. Lumboperitoneal (LP) shunts are the mainstay of CSF shunts for pseudotumor cerebri; however, image-guided stereotaxy and neuroendoscopy now allow effective placement of a ventricular catheter without causing ventriculomegaly in these cases. To date it remains unknown if CSF shunts provide long-term relief from pseudotumor cerebri and whether a ventricular shunt is better than an LP shunt. The authors investigated these possibilities. Methods. The authors reviewed the records of all shunt placement procedures that were performed for intractable headache due to pseudotumor cerebri at one institution between 1973 and 2003. Using proportional hazards regression analysis, predictors of treatment failure (continued headache despite a properly functioning shunt) were assessed, and shunt revision and complication rates were compared between LP and ventricular (ventriculoperitoneal [VP] or ventriculoatrial [VAT]) shunts. Forty-two patients underwent 115 shunt placement procedures: 79 in which an LP shunt was used and 36 in which a VP or VAT shunt was used. Forty patients (95%) experienced a significant improvement in their headaches immediately after the shunt was inserted. Severe headache recurred despite a properly functioning shunt in eight (19%) and 20 (48%) patients by 12 and 36 months, respectively, after the initial shunt placement surgery. Seventeen patients without papilledema and 19 patients in whom preoperative symptoms had occurred for longer than 2 years experienced recurrent headache, making patients with papilledema or long-term symptoms fivefold (relative risk [RR] 5.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5–17.8; p < 0.01) or 2.5-fold (RR 2.51, 95% CI 1.01–9.39; p = 0.05) more likely to experience headache recurrence, respectively. In contrast to VP or VAT shunts, LP shunts were associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of shunt revision (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5–4.3; p < 0.001) due to a threefold increased risk of shunt obstruction (RR 3, 95% CI 1.5–5.7; p < 0.005), but there were similar risks between the two types of shunts for overdrainage (RR 2.3, 95% CI 0.8–7.9; p = 0.22), distal catheter migration (RR 2.1, 95% CI 0.3–19.3; p = 0.55), and shunt infection (RR 1.3, 95% CI 0.3–13.2; p = 0.75). Conclusions. Based on their 30-year experience in the treatment of these patients, the authors found that CSF shunts were extremely effective in the acute treatment of pseudotumor cerebri—associated intractable headache, providing long-term relief in the majority of patients. Lack of papilledema and long-standing symptoms were risk factors for treatment failure. The use of ventricular shunts for pseudotumor cerebri was associated with a lower risk of shunt obstruction and revision than the use of LP shunts. Using ventricular shunts in patients with papilledema or symptoms lasting less than 2 years should be considered for those with pseudotumor cerebri—associated intractable headache.

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Dolan, R. J., S. P. Calloway, and A. H. Mann. "Cerebral ventricular size in depressed subjects." Psychological Medicine 15, no. 4 (November 1985): 873–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700005110.

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SynopsisA computed tomographic study of 101 depressed patients and 52 normal control subjects is described. Increasing age and male sex were both associated with larger ventricular size in both patient and control groups. Controlling for these effects, the depressed patients had larger ventricles than the control subjects. In the patient group there was no association between ventricular size, course of illness or exposure to drug treatment or electroconvulsive therapy.

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Begum, Nurun Nahar Fatema, Ferdousur Rahman Sarker, Maksuda Begum, Tamanna Yesmin, Billal Hossain, Jannatul Ferdous, Jahangir Hossain, and Md Al Amin Salek. "Management of a Critical Case of Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV) and Cerebral Abscess by Multiple Interventions." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v11i1.30679.

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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the commonest type of cyanotic congenital heart disease which accounts for 10% of all congenital heart disease. Delay in surgical treatment leads to polycythaemia, cerebral abscess, thrombotic episodes etc. Corrective surgery in a case with cerebral abscess always has risk of intracranial hemorrhage during bypass1. We are hereby reporting a case of TOF who had multiple cerebral abscess managed with burr hole operation and extra ventricular drainage. Later 5 coronary stents were placed in Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (RVOT) to Main Pulmonary Artery (MPA) to overcome infundibular and valvular stenosis and thus reducing right to left shunt and cyanosis. This is the first ever palliation with RVOT stenting in a case of Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Pulmonary Stenosis (PS) with cerebral abscess where surgery was contraindicated at that time and patient condition was unstable. Later on she had bidirectional Glenn shunt on 8th December 2015 by Saudi charity team.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(1) 2015: 81-84

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Yagmurlu, Kaan, Alexander L. Vlasak, and Albert L. Rhoton. "Three-Dimensional Topographic Fiber Tract Anatomy of the Cerebrum." Operative Neurosurgery 11, no. 2 (March 16, 2015): 274–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000704.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The fiber tracts of the cerebrum may be a more important determinant of resection limits than the cortex. Better knowledge of the 3-dimensional (3-D) anatomic organization of the fiber pathways is important in planning safe and accurate surgery for lesions within the cerebrum. OBJECTIVE To examine the topographic anatomy of fiber tracts and subcortical gray matter of the human cerebrum and their relationships with consistent cortical, ventricular, and nuclear landmarks. METHODS Twenty-five formalin-fixed human brains and 4 whole cadaveric heads were examined by fiber dissection technique and ×6 to ×40 magnification. The fiber tracts and central core structures, including the insula and basal ganglia, were examined and their relationships captured in 3-D photography. The depth between the surface of the cortical gyri and selected fiber tracts was measured. RESULTS The topographic relationships of the important association, projection, and commissural fasciculi within the cerebrum and superficial cortical landmarks were identified. Important landmarks with consistent relationships to the fiber tracts were the cortical gyri and sulci, limiting sulci of the insula, nuclear masses in the central core, and lateral ventricles. The fiber tracts were also organized in a consistent pattern in relation to each other. The anatomic findings are briefly compared with functional data from clinicoradiological analysis and intraoperative stimulation of fiber tracts. CONCLUSION An understanding of the 3-D anatomic organization of the fiber tracts of the brain is essential in planning safe and accurate cerebral surgery.

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Cutler, Noah S., Sudharsan Srinivasan, Bryan L. Aaron, Sharath Kumar Anand, Michael S. Kang, David B. Altshuler, Thomas C. Schermerhorn, Todd C. Hollon, Cormac O. Maher, and Siri Sahib S. Khalsa. "Normal cerebral ventricular volume growth in childhood." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 26, no. 5 (November 2020): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.5.peds20178.

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OBJECTIVENormal percentile growth charts for head circumference, length, and weight are well-established tools for clinicians to detect abnormal growth patterns. Currently, no standard exists for evaluating normal size or growth of cerebral ventricular volume. The current standard practice relies on clinical experience for a subjective assessment of cerebral ventricular size to determine whether a patient is outside the normal volume range. An improved definition of normal ventricular volumes would facilitate a more data-driven diagnostic process. The authors sought to develop a growth curve of cerebral ventricular volumes using a large number of normal pediatric brain MR images.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective analysis of patients aged 0 to 18 years, who were evaluated at their institution between 2009 and 2016 with brain MRI performed for headaches, convulsions, or head injury. Patients were excluded for diagnoses of hydrocephalus, congenital brain malformations, intracranial hemorrhage, meningitis, or intracranial mass lesions established at any time during a 3- to 10-year follow-up. The volume of the cerebral ventricles for each T2-weighted MRI sequence was calculated with a custom semiautomated segmentation program written in MATLAB. Normal percentile curves were calculated using the lambda-mu-sigma smoothing method.RESULTSVentricular volume was calculated for 687 normal brain MR images obtained in 617 different patients. A chart with standardized growth curves was developed from this set of normal ventricular volumes representing the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles. The charted data were binned by age at scan date by 3-month intervals for ages 0–1 year, 6-month intervals for ages 1–3 years, and 12-month intervals for ages 3–18 years. Additional percentile values were calculated for boys only and girls only.CONCLUSIONSThe authors developed centile estimation growth charts of normal 3D ventricular volumes measured on brain MRI for pediatric patients. These charts may serve as a quantitative clinical reference to help discern normal variance from pathologic ventriculomegaly.

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Song, Ze-Zhou. "Cerebral infarction and right ventricular noncompaction." International Journal of Cardiology 148, no. 3 (May 2011): e45-e46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.033.

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Shuiab, A. "Cerebral infarction and ventricular septal defect." Stroke 20, no. 7 (July 1989): 957–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.20.7.957.

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Jayaswal, S. K., H. M. Chawla, R. K. Goulatia, and G. S. Rao. "Cerebral Ventricular Enlargement in Chronic Schizophrenia." British Journal of Psychiatry 153, no. 3 (September 1988): 414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.153.3.414.

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Fruster, Valentin, and Jonathan L. Halperin. "Left Ventricular Thrombi and Cerebral Embolism." New England Journal of Medicine 320, no. 6 (February 9, 1989): 392–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm198902093200610.

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Uhde, Thomas W., and Charles H. Kellner. "Cerebral ventricular size in panic disorder." Journal of Affective Disorders 12, no. 2 (March 1987): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(87)90011-5.

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Badache, K. Badache. "Management of The Posterior Cerebral Fossa Ependymomas." Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 8, no. 3 (April 20, 2021): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/158.

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Background Posterior fossa brain ependymomas are one of the most devastating forms of human illnesses which are more common in children. Brainstem compression, herniation and death are the risks with tumours in this critical location. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study including 50 patients with posterior fossa ependymoma were performed at the Neurosurgery Department in Ait IDDIR University Hospital between the period of January 2005 and December 2015 . In each case, diagnosis was made clinically and confirmed radiologically and histo-pathologically.. All patients received the adjuvant treatment Results Out of 50 patients, 30 (60%) patients were males and 20 (40%) were females. The mean age was 24 years (ranged 5 months –47 years) ; we identified 29 (58%) children and 21 (42%) adults,. Ventriculo-peritoneal shunts were placed in all our patients, the total tumor excision was done to 35% and the partial tumor excision was done to 65% patients. The most common complications were as follows: Shunt malfunction : 4% , operative cavity hematoma 6%, CSF fistula 4%, deterioration of Cerebellar syndrome 6%, Cerebellar Mutism 2%, Mixed nerves palsy 4% and early post operative deaths 10%. Tumor architecture was classified as classic (Grade II) in 35 (70%) cases and anaplastic (Grade III) in 13(26%) cases. Adjuvant treatment regimens following resection included radiation therapy only (72%) for 36 patients including children above and adults and chemotherapy only (36%) for 9 children below 4 years and 9 recurrent tumors. During follow-up period, recurrence occurred in 27% 11patients out of 41patients .Five patients died (10%). Conclusion The surgical treatment of posterior fossa tumours still represents a challenge for neurosurgeons, Radical surgery with preservation of vital structures is the treatment of choice in patients with Posterior Cerebral Fossa ependymomas.Our experience shows the accepted results, complications and surgical outcome in relation to previous clinical studies.

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Burns, Alistair. "Cranial Computerised Tomography in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, S9 (December 1990): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000291812.

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The development of the non-invasive technique of computerised tomography (CT) in the mid-1970s revolutionised the clinician's ability to visualise brain structures in vivo. The main use of the CT scan was to exclude intracranial mass lesions such as cerebral tumours and haematomas. This remains its principal application in neurology and neurosurgery, but in psychiatry additional features such as cerebral infarctions, regional cerebral atrophy, ventricular enlargement and white-matter changes have provoked interest. This review outlines the technique of CT scanning, discusses its use in the differential diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), and comments on the relative contributions of cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement to the clinical picture of DAT.

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Sahli, Wanty, and J. M. Ch Pelupessy. "Recurrent cerebral abscess in tetralogy of Fallot." Paediatrica Indonesiana 44, no. 5 (October 10, 2016): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi44.5.2004.206-8.

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Tetralogy of Fallot (TF) classically consistsof the combination of right ventricularoutflow obstruction (pulmonary stenosis),ventricular septal defect (VSD), overridingaorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Thedegree of pulmonary stenosis and VSD determine thevariety of clinical manifestations.This type of congenital heart disease accountsfor about 10% of all congenital cardiac deformitiesand is the most common cyanotic lesion after thefirst year of life. Cerebral abscess is a serious com-plication in TF and is usually seen after the age of 2years.

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Golukhova, Elena Z., Anna G. Polunina, Svetlana V. Zhuravleva, Natalia P. Lefterova, and Alexey V. Begachev. "Size of Left Cardiac Chambers Correlates with Cerebral Microembolic Load in Open Heart Operations." Cardiology Research and Practice 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/143679.

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Background. Microemboli are a widely recognized etiological factor of cerebral complications in cardiac surgery patients. The present study was aimed to determine if size of left cardiac chambers relates to cerebral microembolic load in open heart operations.Methods. Thirty patients participated in the study. Echocardiography was performed in 2-3 days before surgery. A transcranial Doppler system was used for registering intraoperative microemboli.Results. Preoperative left atrium and left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic sizes significantly correlated with intraoperative microembolic load (, 0.57 and 0.53, , resp.). The associations between left ventricular diameters and number of cerebral microemboli remained significant when cardiopulmonary bypass time was included as a covariate into the analysis.Conclusions. The present results demonstrate that increased size of left heart chambers is an influential risk factor for elevated cerebral microembolic load during open heart operations. Mini-invasive surgery and carbon dioxide insufflation into wound cavity may be considered as neuroprotective approaches in patients with high risk of cerebral microembolism.

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John, Seby, Rula A. Hajj-Ali, David Min, Leonard H. Calabrese, Russell Cerejo, and Ken Uchino. "Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: Is it more than just cerebral vasoconstriction?" Cephalalgia 35, no. 7 (August 27, 2014): 631–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102414547139.

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Background Systemic vascular alterations have not been described in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). We present a case series of RCVS patients having cardiac dysfunction during ictus, with a subset showing complete resolution of cardiomyopathy. Methods Retrospective case-series: Cardiac left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and wall motion abnormalities (WMA) visualized on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), performed during RCVS ictus and follow-up was analyzed. Results Of 68 patients, 18 (26%) had a TTE performed around ictus. Three of 18 (17%) patients demonstrated WMA on initial TTE. All three patients were female without previous coronary artery disease or heart failure, and were asymptomatic from the cardiac dysfunction. WMA resolved completely on follow-up in Patients 1 and 2. Global LV dysfunction persisted for at least 90 days in Patient 3. Conclusion Although the exact pathophysiology of the cardiomyopathy is uncertain, it may be related to localized coronary vasoconstriction causing myocardial ischemia/infarction. Vasoconstriction may not be limited to the cerebral vasculature and may involve extracerebral organs. Cardiac ventricular abnormalities may be a part of the RCVS spectrum.

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Yamaguchi, Ken'ichi, Hitoshi Hama, Kazuo Watanabe, and Chieko Adachi. "Effect of dopamine injection into the anteroventral third ventricular region and the paraventricular nucleus on vasopressin secretion in conscious rats." Acta Endocrinologica 127, no. 5 (November 1992): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1270420.

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To investigate the role of dopamine receptors situated in the paraventricular nucleus and the anteroventral third ventricular region in regulating vasopressin release, responses of plasma AVP and its controlling factors to injections of dopamine into these regions and the lateral cerebral ventricle were examined in conscious rats. The injections of 156 nmol (30 μg) dopamine into the cerebral ventricle produced transient rises in plasma AVP 5 min later. When the dose of dopamine was reduced to 26 nmol (5 μg), the increase in plasma AVP was not provoked any more. However, injections of 26 nmol dopamine into the paraventricular nucleus greatly augmented plasma AVP 5 and 15 min later. This dose of dopamine was without effect on plasma AVP when injected into the anteroventral third ventricular region, including the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus, medial preoptic area and the periventricular preoptic nucleus. These dopamine administrations in the cerebral ventricle, paraventricular nucleus and the anteroventral third ventricular region did not significantly change AVP-controlling factors such as plasma osmolality, sodium and arterial pressure. On the basis of these results, we conclude that dopamine receptors in the paraventricular nucleus may function to facilitate AVP secretion, whereas those in the anteroventral third ventricular region may not play an important role in the regulation of AVP release.

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Moore, Dana W., Ilhami Kovanlikaya, Linda A. Heier, Ashish Raj, Chaorui Huang, King-Wai Chu, and Norman R. Relkin. "A Pilot Study of Quantitative MRI Measurements of Ventricular Volume and Cortical Atrophy for the Differential Diagnosis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus." Neurology Research International 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/718150.

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Current radiologic diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) requires a subjective judgment of whether lateral ventricular enlargement is disproportionate to cerebral atrophy based on visual inspection of brain images. We investigated whether quantitative measurements of lateral ventricular volume and total cortical thickness (a correlate of cerebral atrophy) could be used to more objectively distinguish NPH from normal controls (NC), Alzheimer's (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Volumetric MRIs were obtained prospectively from patients with NPH (n=5), PD (n=5), and NC (5). Additional NC (n=5) and AD patients (n=10) from the ADNI cohort were examined. Although mean ventricular volume was significantly greater in the NPH group than all others, the range of values overlapped those of the AD group. Individuals with NPH could be better distinguished when ventricular volume and total cortical thickness were considered in combination. This pilot study suggests that volumetric MRI measurements hold promise for improving NPH differential diagnosis.

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Rosenthal, Robert E., Fozia Hamud, Gary Fiskum, P. Jacob Varghese, and Steven Sharpe. "Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion: Prevention of Brain Mitochondrial Injury by Lidoflazine." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 7, no. 6 (December 1987): 752–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1987.130.

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Mitochondrial degradation is implicated in the irreversible cell damage that can occur during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. In this study, the effects of 10 min of ventricular fibrillation and 100 min of spontaneous circulation on brain mitochondrial function was studied in dogs in the absence and presence of pretreatment with the Ca2+ antagonist lidoflazine. Twenty-three beagles were separated into four experimental groups: (i) nonischemic controls (ii) those undergoing 10-min ventricular fibrillation, (iii) those undergoing 10-min ventricular fibrillation pretreated with 1 mg/kg lidoflazine i.v., and (iv) those undergoing 10-min ventricular fibrillation followed by spontaneous circulation for 100 min. Brain mitochondria were isolated and tested for their ability to respire and accumulate calcium in a physiological test medium. There was a 35% decrease in the rate of phosphorylating respiration (ATP production) following 10 min of complete cerebral ischemia. Those animals pretreated with lidoflazine showed significantly less decline in phosphorylating respiration (16%) when compared with nontreated dogs. Resting and uncoupled respiration also declined following 10 min of fibrillatory arrest. One hundred minutes of spontaneous circulation following 10 min of ventricular fibrillation and 3 min of open-chest cardiac massage provided complete recovery of normal mitochondrial respiration. Energy-dependent Ca2+ accumulation by isolated brain mitochondria was unimpaired by 10 min of complete cerebral ischemia. However, by 100 min after resuscitation, there was a small, but significant rise in the capacity for mitochondrial Ca2+ sequestration when compared to either control or fibrillated groups. These findings indicate that: (a) 10 min of complete cerebral ischemia causes a substantial decline in the rate at which cortical brain mitochondria can synthesize ATP; (b) pretreatment with lidoflazine significantly protects the ability of brain mitochondria to synthesize ATP following 10-min ventricular fibrillation, (c) mitochondrial damage is completely reversible by 100 min following restoration of circulation, (d) mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is relatively insensitive to the adverse effects of ischemia.

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TSUKAHARA, SHINJI. "Brain operation and drug administration to ventriculus cerebri in rats." Newsletter of Japan Society for Comparative Endocrinology, no. 93 (1999): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5983/nl2001jsce.25.93_29.

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Şanlι, A. Metin, Saruhan Çekirge, and Zeki Şekerci. "Aneurysm of the distal anterior cerebral artery radiologically mimicking a ventricular mass." Journal of Neurosurgery 114, no. 4 (April 2011): 1061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.6.jns10370.

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The ventricular system is a rare localization for intracranial aneurysms. Most ventricular aneurysms arise from a distal branch of the choroidal arteries and a major branch point of the circle of Willis. A 41-year-old-man suffering from dizziness of 2 weeks' duration was admitted to the clinic. On radiological examination, he had a well-circumscribed mass involving the frontal horn of the right lateral ventricle without radiological evidence of a prior or recent hemorrhage. Localization and radiological appearance were not typical of a ventricular mass and did not allow diagnosis. After cerebral angiography, an aneurysm arising from the distal anterior cerebral artery was incidentally found in an intraventricular location. This unruptured aneurysm was successfully treated via the endovascular route. The authors describe the unusual case of a distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysm with a dome extending into the right lateral ventricle, which appears to be the first such case in the literature. Angiography may be helpful to neurosurgeons in avoiding the disastrous complications of a biopsy procedure in such unusual cases.

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Solís-Salgado, Oscar, José Luis López-Payares, and Mauricio Ayala-González. "Fisiopatología de la hidrocefália idiopática de presión normal (parte 3): sistemaa glinfático." Archivos de Neurociencias 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31157/archneurosciencesmex.v21i2.116.

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Las vías de drenaje solutos del sistema nervioso central (SNC) participan en el recambio de liquido intersticial con el líquido cefalorraquídeo (LIT-LCR), generando un estado de homeostasis. Las alteraciones dentro de este sistema homeostático afectará la eliminación de solutos del espacio intersticial (EIT) como el péptido βa y proteína tau, los cuales son sustancias neurotóxicas para el SNC. Se han utilizado técnicas experimentales para poder analizar el intercambio LIT-LCR, las cuales revelan que este intercambio tiene una estructura bien organizada. La eliminación de solutos del SNC no tiene una estructura anatómica propiamente, se han descubierto vías de eliminación de solutos a través de marcadores florecentes en el espacio subaracnoideo, cisternas de la base y sistema ventricular que nos permiten observar una serie de vías ampliamente distribuidas en el cerebro. El LCR muestra que tiene una función linfática debido a su recambio con el LIT a lo largo de rutas paravasculares. Estos espacios que rodean la superficie arterial así como los espacios de Virchow-Robin y el pie astrocitico junto con la AQP-4, facilitan la entrada de LCR para-arterial y el aclaramiento de LIT para-venoso dentro del cerebro. El flujo y dirección que toma el LCR por estas estructuras, es conducido por la pulsación arterial. Esta función será la que finalmente llevara a la eliminación de estas sustancias neurotóxicas. En base a la dependencia de este flujo para la eliminación de sustancias se propone que el sistema sea llamado “ la Vía Glinfática”. La bibliografía así como las limitaciones que se encuentran en esta revisión están dadas por la metodología de búsqueda que ha sido realizada principalmente en PubMed utilizando los siguientes términos Mesh: Cerebral Arterial Pulsation, the brain via paravascular, drainage of amyloid-beta, bulk flow of brain interstitial fluid, radiolabeled polyethylene glycols and albumin, amyloid-β, the perivascular astroglial sheath, Brain Glymphatic Transport.

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Bastide, R., Y. Lazorthes, B. Caute-Sallerin, and J. Cl Verdie. "Intrathecal spinal versus intra-cerebro-ventricular opioids for cancer pain control." Pain 41 (January 1990): S114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(90)92365-w.

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Lee, Eung-Joon, and Byung-Woo Yoon. "Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Young Patient with Left Ventricular Thrombus Attributed to Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy." Case Reports in Neurology 12, Suppl. 1 (December 14, 2020): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000502414.

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We report a case of acute middle cerebral territory ischemic infarction caused by left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in a doxorubicin cardiomyopathy patient. A major adverse effect of doxorubicin is cardiotoxicity. In doxorubicin cardiomyopathy, as the ventricular contractility decreases, LVT can occur and lead to systemic embolic events such as stroke.

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Cress, Marshall C., Angela N. Spurgeon, Douglas C. Miller, and N. Scott Litofsky. "Cerebral Edema Associated with Ventricular Reservoirs in Two Patients: A Case Report." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/569762.

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Placement of ventricular reservoirs is a common practice to treat various tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Ventricular catheter-reservoir-associated edema has been noted in the literature, but a thorough review of this literature identified no articles that examine this particular complication in neurooncology patients, specifically. We report two cases of ventricular catheter-reservoir-associated edema in patients receiving treatment for CNS metastasis.

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Chan, Kwan-Hon, Kirpal S. Mann, and Chung P. Yue. "Neurosurgical Aspects of Cerebral Cryptococcosis." Neurosurgery 25, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198907000-00008.

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Abstract Eleven patients with raised intracranial pressure caused by cerebral cryptococcosis developed complications requiring neurosurgical operations. Two patients were fully conscious on admission, and 9 had impaired consciousness, four of whom were comatose. Seven patients were found to have hydrocephalus only. Two patients had cerebral edema initially, and 2 had cystic lesions. One of the latter developed subdural effusion. All patients eventually developed progressive hydrocephalus requiring placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Four patients were initially treated by external ventricular drainage. When external ventricular drainage was used initially, there were no associated complications; however, there was a high incidence of complications (4 of 7 patients) when a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed as the initial treatment. Of the 11 patients, 10 (91%) survived; of these 9 (82%) made an excellent recovery and 7 (64%) returned to their original work. The patient who died had been receiving steroid therapy for hypopituitarism.

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Horowitz, Michael, Michael Sharts, Elad Levy, A. Leland Albright, and Ian Pollack. "Endovascular Management of Ventricular Catheter-induced Anterior Cerebral Artery False Aneurysm: Technical Case Report." Neurosurgery 57, no. 2 (August 1, 2005): E374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000168016.02106.0c.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: We describe the case of a 3.3-kg infant who developed an anterior cerebral artery pseudoaneurysm after ventricular catheter placement. The lesion was treated with endovascular vessel sacrifice. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 3.3-kg infant with a myelomeningocele underwent repair and ventricular catheter insertion for hydrocephalus. During shunt insertion, intracerebral arterial bleeding was encountered. Subsequent arteriography demonstrated an anterior cerebral artery pseudoaneurysm. TECHNIQUE: Via a transfemoral artery approach, the aneurysm and feeding vessel were catheterized with a microcatheter and wire. The aneurysm and vessel were then sacrificed with detachable platinum coils. CONCLUSION: Arterial injury is uncommon after ventricular catheter placement. When it does occur, however, an unstable pseudoaneurysm may form. Endovascular techniques can be used to remedy this problem, thus at times obviating the need for a standard craniotomy, which can be particularly difficult in a newborn.

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Lin, Jixian, Xutong Li, Guoqing Wu, Xi Chen, Yingfeng Weng, Hao Wang, Bin Song, Jinhua Yu, and Jing Zhao. "White Matter High Signals Interfere with Noncontrast Computed Tomography in the Early Identification of Cerebral Infarction." Cerebrovascular Diseases 49, no. 2 (2020): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000505807.

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Background: We developed an image patch classification-based method to detect early ischemic stroke. The accuracy of this method was >75%. We aimed to analyze patients’ image data to identify interference factors that would affect its accuracy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 162 patients who were hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke. Factors related to the noncontrast computed tomography (ncCT) determination results were analyzed according to the patient’s sex, age, clinical symptoms, cerebral infarction volume, cerebral infarction location, and whether or not the white matter high (WMH) signal was combined. Results: The volume of cerebral infarction was positively correlated with the predicted results. The correct percentages of patients with volumes >1 and <1 mL were 59.18 and 83.19%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001). The correct percentage of the internal capsule region (47.1%) was significantly lower than that of the other groups (p = 0.011). The correct percentage of lateral ventricular paraventricular infarction was significantly lower than that of non-lateral ventricle patients (70.8 vs. 85.7%). In patients with lateral ventricular paraventricular infarction, if the WMH was combined, the correct percentage will decreased further as the Fazekas level increased. The correct percentage of lateral ventricle infarction combined with Fazekas 3 was 40.0%, which was statistically significant compared with the patient having Fazekas 0 with lateral ventricular infarction (p = 0.01). Conclusions: WMH had a similar computed tomography appearance to cerebral infarction and could interfere with the prediction of the cerebral infarction region by ncCT. This result provides a reference for clinicians to choose imaging methods for identifying acute cerebral infarction areas.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cerebro - Ventriculos'

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