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1

Melton, C. A., D. C. Hughes, D. L. Page, and M. S. Phillips. "Temporal multispectral and 3D analysis of Cerro de Pasco, Peru." Science of The Total Environment 706 (March 2020): 135640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135640.

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2

Tácunan Bonifacio, Santiago. "Contaminación ambiental en el valle del Mantaro. Informe médico (La Oroya, 1926)." Investigaciones Sociales 16, no. 29 (2014): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/is.v16i29.7710.

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Este trabajo analiza uno de los primeros informes médicos de principios del siglo xx que pone en evidencia la contaminación medio ambiental producida por la empresa minera Cerro de Pasco Copper Corporation en La Oroya (Valle del Mantaro, 1926).
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3

Niederschlag, Elke, and Heinrich Siemes. "Influence of Initial Texture, Temperature and Total Strain on the Texture Development of Polycrystalline Pyrrhotite Ores in Deformation Experiments." Textures and Microstructures 28, no. 1-2 (1996): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.28.129.

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The development of the crystallographic preferred orientation (texture) of polycrystalline pyrrhotite from Sullivan mine, Canada, and Cerro de Pasco, Peru was determined by neutron texture analyses before and after experimental deformation. The pyrrhotite ore from Sullivan has an initial texture with a distinct c-axis maximum perpendicular to the foliation whereas the ore from Cerro de Pasco shows a weak and moreover inhomogeneous texture within the specimen.The deformation texture and deformation behaviour of samples from Sullivan were investigated as a function of temperature, total strain a
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4

Vagshal, D. S., and S. D. Belyaev. "Self-potential anomalies in Cerro de Pasco and Hualgayoc areas (Peru) revisited." Geophysical Prospecting 49, no. 1 (2001): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2478.2001.00232.x.

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5

Baumgartner, R., L. Fontbote, and T. Vennemann. "Mineral Zoning and Geochemistry of Epithermal Polymetallic Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu-Bi Mineralization at Cerro de Pasco, Peru." Economic Geology 103, no. 3 (2008): 493–537. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.103.3.493.

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6

Deustua, Jose. "Routes, Roads, and Silver Trade in Cerro de Pasco, 1820-1860: The Internal Market in Nineteenth-Century Peru." Hispanic American Historical Review 74, no. 1 (1994): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2517425.

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7

Deustua, José. "Routes, Roads, and Silver Trade in Cerro de Pasco, 1820-1860: The Internal Market in Nineteenth-Century Peru." Hispanic American Historical Review 74, no. 1 (1994): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-74.1.001.

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8

Leon-Velarde, F., M. A. Ramos, J. A. Hernandez, et al. "The role of menopause in the development of chronic mountain sickness." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 272, no. 1 (1997): R90—R94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.1.r90.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the role of menopause in the appearance of the physiopathological sequence that leads to chronic mountain sickness (CMS) in a high-altitude female population. The females studied are 30-54 yr old (n = 152) and have permanent residence in Cerro de Pasco (Pasco, Peru; 4,300 m). The sample was divided into postmenopausal and premenopausal groups for comparison. Blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), excessive erythrocytosis [EE, measured by the level of hematocrit (Het)], peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR), and a score that represents the main signs and symp
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9

Appenzeller, O., T. Minko, C. Qualls, et al. "Migraine in the Andes and Headache at Sea Level." Cephalalgia 25, no. 12 (2005): 1117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2005.00973.x.

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In Cerro de Pasco (CP), Peru (altitude 4338 m) 24% of men have migraine with aura. We studied 30 men. Twenty CP natives, examined in CP, were rated using a chronic mountain sickness (CMS) score to separate controls (10) from those with CMS (10), a maladaptation syndrome in natives to altitude which includes severe, recurring headache. We collected white cells in CP and, from the same men, within 1 h of arrival in Lima (150 m above sea level). Ten normal US men volunteered white cells for comparison. After RNA extraction we assessed gene expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reac
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10

Tymko, Michael M., Ryan L. Hoiland, Joshua C. Tremblay, et al. "The 2018 Global Research Expedition on Altitude Related Chronic Health (Global REACH) to Cerro de Pasco, Peru: an Experimental Overview." Experimental Physiology 106, no. 1 (2020): 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/ep088350.

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11

Dold, Bernhard, Cheikh Wade, and Lluis Fontboté. "Water management for acid mine drainage control at the polymetallic Zn–Pb–(Ag–Bi–Cu) deposit Cerro de Pasco, Peru." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 100, no. 2-3 (2009): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.05.002.

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12

Rottier, Bertrand, Kalin Kouzmanov, Vincent Casanova, et al. "Mineralized breccia clasts: a window into hidden porphyry-type mineralization underlying the epithermal polymetallic deposit of Cerro de Pasco (Peru)." Mineralium Deposita 53, no. 7 (2018): 919–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-017-0786-9.

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13

Wade, Cheikh, Bernhard Dold, and Lluis Fontboté. "GEOCHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY OF THE QUIULACOCHA TAILINGS IMPOUNDMENT FROM THE POLYMETALLIC Zn-Pb-(Ag-Bi-Cu) DEPOSIT CERRO DE PASCO, PERU." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 2006, no. 2 (2006): 2198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr06022198.

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14

Molloy, James B., Donald T. Rodbell, David P. Gillikin, and Kurt T. Hollocher. "Citizen science campaign reveals widespread fallout of contaminated dust from mining activities in the central Peruvian Andes." Geology 48, no. 7 (2020): 678–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47096.1.

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Abstract Inadequate management of mine tailings at Cerro de Pasco, one of Peru’s largest mining complexes, has resulted in elevated concentrations of Pb, As, Cu, Zn, and Ag in surface soil horizons across the Junín Plain, central Peru. During June 2016, in response to local concern over mine contamination, teams of local citizens armed with sample bags, plastic trowels, and GPS receivers acquired 385 surface soil samples and 9 plant samples from agricultural lands from an area ∼1000 km2 on the Junín Plain. Metal concentrations were determined by acid digestion and inductively coupled plasma–ma
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15

Rottier, Bertrand, Kalin Kouzmanov, Anne-Sophie Bouvier, et al. "Heterogeneous melt and hypersaline liquid inclusions in shallow porphyry type mineralization as markers of the magmatic-hydrothermal transition (Cerro de Pasco district, Peru)." Chemical Geology 447 (December 2016): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.10.032.

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16

Baumgartner, R., L. Fontbote, R. Spikings, et al. "Bracketing the Age of Magmatic-Hydrothermal Activity at the Cerro de Pasco Epithermal Polymetallic Deposit, Central Peru: A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar Study." Economic Geology 104, no. 4 (2009): 479–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.104.4.479.

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17

Rottier, B., K. Kouzmanov, M. Wälle, R. Bendezú, and L. Fontboté. "Sulfide Replacement Processes Revealed by Textural and LA-ICP-MS Trace Element Analyses: Example from the Early Mineralization Stages at Cerro de Pasco, Peru." Economic Geology 111, no. 6 (2016): 1347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.111.6.1347.

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18

Smuda, Jochen, Bernhard Dold, Kurt Friese, and Peter Morgenstern. "GEOCHEMISTRY AND SECONDARY MINERALOGY AT THE SULFIDE-RICH EXCELSIOR WASTE ROCK DUMP FROM THE POLYMETALLIC Zn-Pb-(Ag-Bi-Cu) MINERALIZATION CERRO DE PASCO, PERU." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 2006, no. 2 (2006): 2084–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr06022084.

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19

Moore, L. G., P. Brodeur, O. Chumbe, J. D'Brot, S. Hofmeister, and C. Monge. "Maternal hypoxic ventilatory response, ventilation, and infant birth weight at 4,300 m." Journal of Applied Physiology 60, no. 4 (1986): 1401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.60.4.1401.

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To test the hypothesis that increased hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness (HVR) raised maternal ventilation and arterial oxygenation during high-altitude pregnancy and related to the birth weight of the offspring, we studied 21 residents of Cerro de Pasco, Peru (4,300 m), while eight of them were 36 +/- 0 wk pregnant and 15 of them 13 +/- 0 wk postpartum. HVR was low in the nonpregnant women (mean +/- SE shape parameter A = 23 +/- 8) but increased nearly fourfold with pregnancy (A = 87 +/- 17). The increase in HVR appeared to account for the 25% rise in resting ventilation with pregnancy (delta
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20

West, John B. "Joseph Barcroft's studies of high-altitude physiology." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 305, no. 8 (2013): L523—L529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00176.2013.

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Joseph Barcroft (1872–1947) was an eminent British physiologist who made contributions to many areas. Some of his studies at high altitude and related topics are reviewed here. In a remarkable experiment he spent 6 days in a small sealed room while the oxygen concentration of the air gradually fell, simulating an ascent to an altitude of nearly 5,500 m. The study was prompted by earlier reports by J. S. Haldane that the lung secreted oxygen at high altitude. Barcroft tested this by having blood removed from an exposed radial artery during both rest and exercise. No evidence for oxygen secretio
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21

Villafuerte, Francisco C., José Luis Macarlupú, Cecilia Anza-Ramírez, et al. "Decreased plasma soluble erythropoietin receptor in high-altitude excessive erythrocytosis and Chronic Mountain Sickness." Journal of Applied Physiology 117, no. 11 (2014): 1356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00619.2014.

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Excessive erythrocytosis (EE) is the hallmark of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), a prevalent syndrome in high-altitude Andean populations. Although hypoxemia represents its underlying stimulus, why some individuals develop EE despite having altitude-normal blood erythropoietin (Epo) concentration is still unclear. A soluble form of the Epo receptor (sEpoR) has been identified in human blood and competes directly for Epo with its membrane counterpart (mEpoR). Thus, reduced levels of circulating sEpoR could lead to higher Epo availability and ultimately to EE. We characterized the relationship
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22

Bilo, Grzegorz, Lorenzo Acone, Cecilia Anza-Ramírez, et al. "Office and Ambulatory Arterial Hypertension in Highlanders." Hypertension 76, no. 6 (2020): 1962–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16010.

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Millions of people worldwide live at high altitude, being chronically exposed to hypobaric hypoxia. Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor but data on its prevalence and determinants in highlanders are limited, and systematic studies with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are not available. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of clinic and ambulatory hypertension and the associated factors in a sample of Andean highlanders. Hypertension prevalence and phenotypes were assessed with office and ambulatory blood pressure measurement in a sample of adults living in Cerro d
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23

Wisskirchen, Christian, Bernhard Dold, Kurt Friese, and Walter Glaesser. "ELEMENT DISTRIBUTION IN WATER AND SEDIMENTS OF AN ACID MINE DRAINAGE DISCHARGE LAKE (pH ~1) OF THE Zn-Pb(-Ag-Bi-Cu) DEPOSIT, CERRO DE PASCO (PERU)." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 2006, no. 2 (2006): 2470–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr06022470.

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24

Rottier, B., K. Kouzmanov, V. Casanova, M. Wälle, and L. Fontboté. "Cyclic Dilution of Magmatic Metal-Rich Hypersaline Fluids by Magmatic Low-Salinity Fluid: A Major Process Generating the Giant Epithermal Polymetallic Deposit of Cerro de Pasco, Peru." Economic Geology 113, no. 4 (2018): 825–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2018.4573.

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25

Rottier, Bertrand, Kalin Kouzmanov, Maria Ovtcharova, et al. "Multiple rejuvenation episodes of a silicic magma reservoir at the origin of the large diatreme-dome complex and porphyry-type mineralization events at Cerro de Pasco (Peru)." Lithos 376-377 (December 2020): 105766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105766.

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26

Rottier, Bertrand, Kalin Kouzmanov, Vincent Casanova та ін. "Tracking fluid mixing in epithermal deposits – Insights from in-situ δ18O and trace element composition of hydrothermal quartz from the giant Cerro de Pasco polymetallic deposit, Peru". Chemical Geology 576 (серпень 2021): 120277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120277.

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27

Smuda, Jochen, Bernhard Dold, Kurt Friese, Peter Morgenstern, and Walter Glaesser. "Mineralogical and geochemical study of element mobility at the sulfide-rich Excelsior waste rock dump from the polymetallic Zn–Pb–(Ag–Bi–Cu) deposit, Cerro de Pasco, Peru." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 92, no. 2-3 (2007): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2006.08.001.

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28

Gonzales, Gustavo F., Manuel Gasco, Vilma Tapia, and Cynthia Gonzales-Castañeda. "High serum testosterone levels are associated with excessive erythrocytosis of chronic mountain sickness in men." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 296, no. 6 (2009): E1319—E1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90940.2008.

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Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is characterized by excessive erythrocytosis (EE) secondary to hypoventilation. Erythropoietin (Epo) and testosterone regulate erythrocyte production. Low thyroid hormone levels are also associated to hypoventilation. Hence, these hormones can play a role in etiopathogeny of EE. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of sexual and thyroid hormones and Epo in residents from Lima (150 m) and Cerro de Pasco (4,340 m), Peru, and the response to human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation (hCG). Three groups, one at low altitude and two at high altitude
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29

Steele, Andrew R., Michael M. Tymko, Victoria L. Meah, et al. "Global REACH 2018: renal oxygen delivery is maintained during early acclimatization to 4,330 m." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 319, no. 6 (2020): F1081—F1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00372.2020.

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Early acclimatization to high altitude is characterized by various respiratory, hematological, and cardiovascular adaptations that serve to restore oxygen delivery to tissue. However, less is understood about renal function and the role of renal oxygen delivery (RDO2) during high altitude acclimatization. We hypothesized that 1) RDO2 would be reduced after 12 h of high altitude exposure (high altitude day 1) but restored to sea level values after 1 wk (high altitude day 7) and 2) RDO2 would be associated with renal reactivity, an index of acid-base compensation at high altitude. Twenty-four he
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30

Steele, Andrew R., Michael M. Tymko, Victoria L. Meah, et al. "Global REACH 2018: volume regulation in high-altitude Andeans with and without chronic mountain sickness." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 321, no. 3 (2021): R504—R512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00102.2021.

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The high-altitude maladaptation syndrome known as chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is characterized by polycythemia and is associated with proteinuria despite unaltered glomerular filtration rate. However, it remains unclear if indigenous highlanders with CMS have altered volume regulatory hormones. We assessed NH2-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT pro-BNP), plasma aldosterone concentration, plasma renin activity, kidney function (urinary microalbumin, glomerular filtration rate), blood volume, and estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (ePASP) in Andean males without ( n = 14;
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31

Tremblay, Joshua C., Geoff B. Coombs, Connor A. Howe, et al. "Global Reach 2018: reduced flow-mediated dilation stimulated by sustained increases in shear stress in high-altitude excessive erythrocytosis." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 317, no. 5 (2019): H991—H1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00316.2019.

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Excessive erythrocytosis [EE; hemoglobin concentration (Hb) ≥ 21 g/dL in adult men] is a maladaptive high-altitude pathology associated with increased cardiovascular risk and reduced reactive hyperemia flow-mediated dilation (FMD); however, whether a similar impairment occurs in response to more commonly encountered sustained increases in shear stress [sustained stimulus (SS)-FMD] over a range of overlapping stimuli is unknown. We characterized SS-FMD in response to handgrip exercise in Andeans with and without EE in Cerro de Pasco, Peru (4,330 m). Andean highlanders with EE ( n = 17, Hb = 23.
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32

Tremblay, Joshua C. "Shear stress and flow-mediated dilation in the normoxic and hypoxic human." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, no. 8 (2019): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0292.

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The endothelium is a single cell layer that plays a critical role in determining the health and function of blood vessels. Endothelial function is shaped by shear stress, the frictional force exerted by the speed of blood flow, and the thickness (viscosity) of the blood. Exposure to shear stress that reverses direction back-and-forth impairs endothelial function in young men. Whether women are equally susceptible to this perturbation and the isolated impact of a low level of shear stress with and without reversal of shear had not been investigated. Hypoxia, the low levels of oxygen that are ex
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33

Wang, Xunde, David Callacondo, Jose Rojas, et al. "Erythrocytosis in Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS) in Andeans." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 4873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4873.4873.

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Abstract Introduction: Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) was first described as erythrocytosis of high altitude among Andean high altitude dwellers. Later description of this condition quickly implicated increasing age and increasing hematocrit as the main drivers for many physiological changes. Now CMS is a full clinical syndrome, and the severity is based on scoring of symptoms, physical examination signs, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Protective alleles in EPAS1 and EGLN1 have been associated with less erythrocytosis in Tibetans. Recently, SNPs in ANP32D and SENP1 leading to increases in their
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34

Cheney, E. S. "Structure and age of the Cerro de Pasco Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Peru." Mineralium Deposita 26, no. 1 (1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00202357.

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35

"Analysis of water contamination in the mining zone of Cerro de Pasco, Peru using the grey clustering method." International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering 9, no. 5 (2020): 8385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/212952020.

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36

"Trabajo en equipo y desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en la formación docente en la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, pasco, perú." Revista ECIPeru, January 15, 2019, 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33017/reveciperu2010.0027/.

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Trabajo en equipo y desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en la formación docente en la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, pasco, perú Team work and development of critical thinking in teacher training at the Daniel Alcides Carrion National University, pasco, peru Julio César Carhuaricra Meza Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Edificio Estatal Nº 4, San Juan pampa, Cerro de pasco, pasco DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2010.0027/ RESUMEN El trabajo en equipo (T. E.) y el desarrollo de pensamiento crítico (p. C.) son competencias que debemos promover en los estudiantes u
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37

Quiroga Agurto, Mauro, Elvira Leticia Zeballos Velásquez, and Felipe Americo Reyes Navarro. "Structural changes in clays subjected to heat treatment: an analysis by structural refinement using the Rietveld method." Revista Mexicana de Física 67, no. 6 Nov-Dec (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.67.061602.

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Structural factors in clays influence their physical properties. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the effects of heat treatment on the structure of the material during the ceramic process. In this work, we have analyzed clays from quarries in the Cerro de Pasco region, Peru, to evaluate their characteristics and the structural changes produced by heating, particularly in the interlaminar region. The samples were thermally treated between 150 oC and 800 oC with intervals of 50 oC. To evaluate the structural changes produced by temperature, X-ray diffraction were carried out
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38

Brewster, L. Madden, Hannah Fandl, Anthony Bain, et al. "Abstract MP26: Endothelial-derived Microvesicles From Andean Highlanders With Excessive Erythrocytosis Induce A Deleterious Cardiomyocyte Phenotype." Hypertension 76, Suppl_1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.76.suppl_1.mp26.

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Background: Excessive erythrocytosis (EE), defined as Hb ≥21 g/dL in men and ≥19 g/dL in women, is a pathologic consequence of residing at high altitude (>2500 m) and is common in Andean highlanders. EE is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and cardiac dysfunction. Specifically, EE has been linked to congestive heart failure as well as right ventricular hypertrophy in high altitude dwellers. The mechanisms responsible for diminished cardiac function in adults with EE remain unclear. Endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) play an important role in mediating interaction between the vascu
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39

Brewster, Madden, Anthony R. Bain, Vinicius P. Garcia, et al. "Abstract 14993: Dysfunctional Extracellular Microvesicles in Andean Highlanders With Excessive Erythrocytosis." Circulation 142, Suppl_3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.14993.

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Background: Chronic mountain sickness, a maladaptation to high altitude (>2,500 m) characterized by excessive erythrocytosis (EE) and often severe hypoxemia, is prevalent in Andean highlanders. EE increases the risk of cardiovascular events and contributes to vascular dysfunction. Circulating extracellular microvesicles (MVs) are key mediators of cardiovascular health and disease through their interaction with the vascular endothelium. The experimental aim of this study was to determine the effects of MVs isolated from adults with EE on endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, apopt
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