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Journal articles on the topic 'Cervical Cancer'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2025

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1

S Kadam, Sachin, and Tejaswini Kadam. "Endometrial Cancer with Cervical Extension Masquerading as Cervical Cancer." Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics 6, no. 3 (May 16, 2022): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1053/118.

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The incidence and prevalence of endometrial cancer is less as compared to cervical cancer. Worldwide, in 2018, near about 382000 new cases of endometrial cancer were diagnosed and around 90000 women were died from the disease

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Yang, Nan, Esther R. Nijhuis, Haukeline H. Volders, Jasper J. H. Eijsink, Ágnes Lendvai, Bo Zhang, Harry Hollema, Ed Schuuring, G. Bea A. Wisman, and Ate G. J. van der Zeea. "Gene Promoter Methylation Patterns throughout the Process of Cervical Carcinogenesis." Analytical Cellular Pathology 32, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2010): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/306087.

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Objectives: To determine methylation status of nine genes, previously described to be frequently methylated in cervical cancer, in squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL).Methods: QMSP was performed in normal cervix, low-grade (L)SIL, high-grade (H)SIL, adenocarcinomas and squamous cell cervical cancers, and in corresponding cervical scrapings.Results: Only CCNA1 was never methylated in normal cervices and rarely in LSILs. All other genes showed methylation in normal cervices, with CALCA, SPARC and RAR-β2 at high levels. Methylation frequency of 6 genes (DAPK, APC, TFPI2, SPARC, CCNA1 and CADM1) increased with severity of the underlying cervical lesion. DAPK showed the highest increase in methylation frequency between LSIL and HSIL (10% vs. 40%, p < 0.05), while CCNA1 and TFPI2 were most prominently methylated in cervical cancers compared to HSILs (25% vs. 52%, p < 0.05, 30% vs. 58%, p < 0.05). CADM1 methylation in cervical cancers was related to depth of invasion (p < 0.05) and lymph vascular space involvement (p < 0.01), suggesting a role in invasive potential of cervical cancers. Methylation ratios in scrapings reflected methylation status of the underlying lesions (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Methylation of previously reported cervical cancer specific genes frequently occurs in normal epithelium. However, frequency of methylation increases during cervical carcinogenesis, with CCNA1 and DAPK as the best markers to distinguish normal/LSIL from HSIL/cancer lesions.

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AziziKia, Hani, Hamidreza Didar, Azin Teymourzadeh, Amin Nakhostin-Ansari, Pooya Jafari Doudaran, Bahareh Ferasatifar, Armin Hoveidaei, and Gholamreza Roshandel. "Uterine and Cervical Cancer in Iran: An epidemiologic analysis of the Iranian National Population-Based Cancer Registry." Archives of Iranian Medicine 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/aim.2023.01.

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Background: Gynecologic cancers, including neoplasms of the cervix and uterine, are the fourth most common malignancies, causing 3.46% of deaths in women aged 15 to 59. Objectives: We aimed to report the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (INPCR) results for Cervical and Uterine cancers in 2017. Methods: The total population of Iran in 2017 was 80881792. INPCR collected data on cervical and uterine cancer incidence from 31 provinces of Iran. In this project, we retrospectively examined all the country’s regions in terms of screening for the existence of these two cancers. The registry data bank in Iran was used. Results: Overall, 3481 new cervical and uterine cancer cases were registered in INPCR, including 842 cases of cervical cancer (with a crude rate of 1.04) and 2639 cases of uterine cancer (with a crude rate of 3.26). The average age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) was 0.99 for cervical cancer and 3.29 for uterine cancer. Out of 3481 new cervical and uterine cancer cases, 2887 were registered with pathological findings and 594 without pathological confirmation. In cervical cancers, the highest rate was related to squamous cell carcinoma, with 486 cases (57.72%). Conclusion: Our results showed that Iran is a low-risk area for the incidence of cervical and uterine cancers. In this study, the highest rate of cervical cancer was related to squamous cell carcinoma, confirming previous reports. However, this rate was lower than previous studies and suggested an increase in other types of cervical cancer in Iran.

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Isakova, Dilnoza, Zebiniso Inakova, Ranokhon Solieva, Matkarimov Bakhtiyorjon, Yorkinoy Farmankulova, and Dilfuzahon Mamarasulova. "Clinical Echocolpocsopy Features Of Cervical Cancer." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 02, no. 07 (July 31, 2020): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume02issue07-16.

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5

Der, EM, K. Adu-Bonsaffoh, Y. Tettey, RA Kwame-Aryee, JD Seffah, H. Alidu, and RK Gyasi. "Clinico-pathological characteristics of cervical cancer in Ghanaian women." Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences 3, no. 3 (January 13, 2015): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jmbs.v3i3.5.

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Cervical cancer is a major cause of cancer related mortality in the developing countries, although preventable. The aim of this study was to use a retrospective descriptive study to determine the prevalence and the clinico-pathological characteristics of cervical cancer among genital tract ma-lignancies. This study reviewed all histologically confirmed female genital tract malignancies for cervical cancers from January 2002 to December 2011. The clinico-pathological features of women with cervical cancer were analyzed using SPSS software (version 18). A total of 1011(70.8%) out of 1,427 female genital tract malignancies were cervical cancers. The average prevalence of cervical cancer was 71.0%. The mean age of women with cervical cancer was 57.8(SD=13.8) years. The youngest patient was 22 years. The commonest (76.9%) presentation was bleeding per vaginalm followed by fungating cervical masses (12.4%). Majority (88.9%) of the bleeding were unprovoked and in postmenopausal women (98.8%). The major types of cervical cancers were Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (90.1%) and adenocarcinoma (5.8%), both were common in the elderly. The com-mon histological subtypes of cervical cancers in the study were; keratinizing SCC (73.3%), non-keratinizing SCC (14.7%), endometroid adenocarcinoma (4.5%), adenosquamous carcinoma (2.6%) and basaloid SCC (1.4%). This study found high prevalence of cervical cancer among female geni-tal tract cancers in Accra Ghana. The women were relatively older and presented with advanced stage of the disease. SCC was the major histological type of cervical cancer.Keywords: Ghana, cervical cancer, postmenopausal, women, premalignant, genital tract

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6

Iram, Ayesha. "Cancer Screening Technology and Attitude of Women Towards Cervical Cancer." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH 9, no. 3 (July 30, 2022): 145–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.03.art013.

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Cervical cancer claims over a quarter of a million lives of women annually worldwide. It is believed to be the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Screening is used to detect precancerous changes or early cancers before signs or symptoms of cancer occur. The first case of cervical cancer was founded in the 1970s by Harald Zur Hausen. It is believed to be the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Females becoming sexually active in early age with multiple partners are on high risk. Virtually all cervical cancers are associated with human papilloma viruses (HPV). This study was conducted to understand the levels of knowledge and attitudes of women towards cervical cancer screening in Al Khan Dubai.It assessed the knowledge and attitudes of women about cervical cancer prevention. 70% of the sexually active women really need to go for cancer screening. It shows that 66% of women in al khan are being affected due to lifestyle and it is affecting women’s decision in relation to cervical cancer screening. To improve cervical cancer screening in al khan area, women should be given more information, motivation, awareness, and sensitization, in order to encourage them to go for a cervical cancer screening. Keywords: Cervix, High risk, HPV, Pre-screening methods, Women.

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Dayanand Katke, Rajshree, and Deepti Prasad. "Cervical Cancer Prevention: Current Scenario." Acta Scientific Cancer Biology 4, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/ascb.2020.04.cervical-cancer-prevention-current-scenario.

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8

Singh Randhawa, Amritjot. "Metastatic Breast Cancer to the Uterine Cervix Mimicking Cervical Cancer." Indian Journal of Cancer Education and Research 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijcer.2321.9815.8120.8.

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9

Ma, Zhifang, Jie Chen, Ting Luan, Chengzhuo Chu, Wangfei Wu, Yichao Zhu, and Yun Gu. "Proteomic analysis of human cervical adenocarcinoma mucus to identify potential protein biomarkers." PeerJ 8 (July 28, 2020): e9527. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9527.

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Background Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer, encompassing cervical squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and other epithelial tumors. There are many diagnostic methods to detect cervical cancers but no precision screening tool for cervical adenocarcinoma at present. Material and methods The cervical mucus from three normal cervices (Ctrl), three endocervical adenocarcinoma (EA), and three cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) was collected for proteomic analysis. The proteins were screened using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS). The biological function of the differently expressed proteins were predicted by Gene Ontology (GO). Results A total of 711 proteins were identified, including 237 differently expressed proteins identified in EA/Ctrl comparison, 256 differently expressed proteins identified in AIS/Ctrl comparison, and 242 differently expressed proteins identified in AIS/EA comparison (up-regulate ≥ 1.5 or down-regulate ≤ 0.67). Functional annotation was performed using GO analysis on 1,056 differently expressed proteins to identify those that may impact cervical cancer, such as heme protein myeloperoxidase, which is involved in the immune process, and APOA1, which is associated with lipid metabolism. Conclusion We used proteomic analysis to screen out differently expressed proteins from normal cervical mucus and cervical adenocarcinoma mucus samples. These differently expressed proteins may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma but require additional study.

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Boisen, Michelle, and Richard Guido. "Emerging Treatment Options for Cervical Dysplasia and Early Cervical Cancer." Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology 66, no. 3 (July 25, 2023): 500–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000790.

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Discussion of treatment strategies for cervical cancer precursors, review of medical therapies and emerging therapeutics for treatment of cervical cancers, and updates on new approaches to treating early-stage cervical cancers.

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Ansink, A. C., R. Tolhurst, R. Haque, S. Saha, S. Datta, and N. R. van den Broek. "Cervical cancer in Bangladesh: community perceptions of cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 102, no. 5 (May 2008): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.01.022.

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H.K, Dr Sharath Kumar. "Immuno-Histochemical Study of P16INK4A in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 01 (January 8, 2017): 15415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i1.37.

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13

Frazer, IH. "Vaccination for cervical cancer." Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 37, no. 4 (December 2007): 318–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/1478271520073704011.

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Cervical cancer, one of the most common gynaecological cancers, is the consequence of persistent infection by the human papillomavirus family.This article is an authoritative review on the subject, by Professor IH Frazer, internationally acclaimed for his work on the development of the world’s first cervical cancer vaccine.

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Wang, Xiuqin, Jingqiong Xiao, Bo Li, Ye Tian, Lin Wang, and Yingqian Gao. "Serum Amyloid A1 as a Crucial Regulator of Cancer in Inflammatory Microenvironment of Cervical Cancer." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2020.2280.

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Cervical cancer is one of the most common women cancers. The tumor screening by nurse care is efficacy for cancer prevention. Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) has shown to be associated with cervical cancer malignancy. The detail information for SAA1 in cervical cancer has not yet been investigated. IL-1 was performed to induce cervical cancer cell lines. Subsequently, SAA1 was silenced or overexpressed in c-33A respectively. The data showed that the expression levels of SAA1 were increased in IL-1 induced cervical cell lines. Downregulation of SAA1 reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion in c-33A cells, whereas overexpression increased, indicating that SAA1 is a tumor promoter in cervical cancer. Also, SAA1 positively regulates the expression of MMP2, MMP7 and MMP9, which is associated with extracellular matrix reproduction. Furthermore, NF- B inhibitor, SC75741, reversed the effects of SAA1 in cervical cancer, revealing that it might be a potential mechanism for SAA1 in cervical cancer. Therefore, SAA1 is a potential biomarker for cervical cancer in the inflammatory microenvironment.

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15

Sultana, Chowdhury Shamima. "Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine for Cervical Cancer Prevention." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 39, no. 2 (March 9, 2021): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v39i2.52392.

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HPV infection is estimated to be responsible for about 5% of human cancers worldwide. Among all HPV-associated malignancies, cervical cancer is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide and leading cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries. Persistent HPV infection is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer with a prevalence of 99.7% in cervical cancer worldwide.At least 70% of cervical cancers are caused by HPV 16 and HPV 18. HPV vaccination in combination with regular screening offers the most effective way for women to be protected against cervical cancer.The global burden of cervical cancer falls heaviest on the developing countries which haven’t introduced the HPV vaccine as part of their national public health strategy to prevent and control cervical cancer. Different studies showed a drop in the prevalence of HPV associated diseases in vaccinated populations. Sustained efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the bHPV vaccine were observed in the final analysis of a follow-up study up to 9.4 years postvaccination. Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in Bangladesh. There has been little success with screening program against cervical cancer in Bangladesh. Therefore, a National HPV Vaccination Program seems to be the window of opportunity to reduce the mortality and morbidity of cervical cancer in Bangladesh. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 123-131

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Sharipova, I. P., and E. I. Musabaev. "HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION AND CERVICAL CANCER (OWERWIEW)." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 2, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2021-4-4.

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Viral infections are responsible for 15–20% of all human cancers. Infection with oncogenic viruses can contribute to various stages of carcinogenesis. Despite effective screening methods, cervical cancer continues to be a major public health problem. There are large differences in morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer by geographic region. The age-specific prevalence of HPV varies widely in different populations and has shown two peaks of HPV positiveness in young and older women. Around the world, there have been many studies on the epidemiology of HPV infection and oncogenic properties due to different HPV genotypes. However, there are still many countries where population prevalence has not yet been determined. Moreover, screening strategies for cervical cancer differ from country to country. Organized cervical screening programs are potentially more effectivethan opportunistic screening programs.Key words:Human papillomavirus, cervical cancer, screening, dysplasia

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17

Perkins, Rebecca B., Nicolas Wentzensen, Richard S. Guido, and Mark Schiffman. "Cervical Cancer Screening." JAMA 330, no. 6 (August 8, 2023): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.13174.

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ImportanceEach year in the US, approximately 100 000 people are treated for cervical precancer, 14 000 people are diagnosed with cervical cancer, and 4000 die of cervical cancer.ObservationsEssentially all cervical cancers worldwide are caused by persistent infections with one of 13 carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes: 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68. HPV vaccination at ages 9 through 12 years will likely prevent more than 90% of cervical precancers and cancers. In people with a cervix aged 21 through 65 years, cervical cancer is prevented by screening for and treating cervical precancer, defined as high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix. High-grade lesions can progress to cervical cancer if not treated. Cervicovaginal HPV testing is 90% sensitive for detecting precancer. In the general population, the risk of precancer is less than 0.15% over 5 years following a negative HPV test result. Among people with a positive HPV test result, a combination of HPV genotyping and cervical cytology (Papanicolaou testing) can identify the risk of precancer. For people with current precancer risks of less than 4%, repeat HPV testing is recommended in 1, 3, or 5 years depending on 5-year precancer risk. For people with current precancer risks of 4% through 24%, such as those with low-grade cytology test results (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASC-US] or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [LSIL]) and a positive HPV test of unknown duration, colposcopy is recommended. For patients with precancer risks of less than 25% (eg, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 [CIN1] or histologic LSIL), treatment-related adverse effects, including possible association with preterm labor, can be reduced by repeating colposcopy to monitor for precancer and avoiding excisional treatment. For patients with current precancer risks of 25% through 59% (eg, high-grade cytology results of ASC cannot exclude high-grade lesion [ASC-H] or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL] with positive HPV test results), management consists of colposcopy with biopsy or excisional treatment. For those with current precancer risks of 60% or more, such as patients with HPV-16–positive HSIL, proceeding directly to excisional treatment is preferred, but performing a colposcopy first to confirm the need for excisional treatment is acceptable. Clinical decision support tools can facilitate correct management.Conclusions and RelevanceApproximately 100 000 people are treated for cervical precancer each year in the US to prevent cervical cancer. People with a cervix should be screened with HPV testing, and if HPV-positive, genotyping and cytology testing should be performed to assess the risk of cervical precancer and determine the need for colposcopy or treatment. HPV vaccination in adolescence will likely prevent more than 90% of cervical precancers and cancers.

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Victor Manuel, Vargas Hernandez. "Toward A Better Screening for Cervical Cancer." Cytology & Histology International Journal 4, no. 1 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/chij-16000116.

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As cervical cancer screening changes from cytology or Pap test to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV-ar) test, primary worldwide, effective classification tests to decide who of the positive HPV-ar women should receive additional diagnostic evaluation to avoid unnecessary colposcopies and biopsies; with the evaluation of the performance of the dual staining p16 / Ki-67; and partial genotyping, HPV-16/18 for the triage of women with HPV-ar, positive; for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or more severe (CIN-3 +) and CIN grade 2 or more severe (CIN-2+), diagnosed within 3 years after taking the sample; better risk stratification for CIN-3+ was demonstrated, compared to Pap; in women with positive results they have a higher risk than with Pap, for CIN-3 + (12.0 vs. 10.3%; 11.6%; P = .005); even with better risk stratification for CIN-3+, compared with Pap in women with HPV-ar, positive, regardless of genotype. The greatest balance against CIN-3+ was observed in HPV-16/18 negative women or with dual negative staining, with a low risk to extend the screening intervals. Double staining triage strategies required substantially fewer colposcopies for the detection of CIC-3+ compared to Pap, with a 32.1% reduction in colposcopies compared to the triage strategy currently recommended in the detection of HPV-ar, with the Pap. The results for CIN-2+ are similar. Conclusions; the management of women with HPV-ar test, positive in the detection of cervical cancer; with support from the Pap and dual staining p16 / Ki-67, alone or in combination with HPV- 16/18 genotyping, it provides better risk stratification than strategies based only on the Pap and in countries such as Mexico, where there is organized infrastructure can detect and prevent the cervical cancer.

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Subbamma, B. Venkata, and Dr D. Sai Sujatha Dr. D. Sai Sujatha. "Knowledge on Cervical Cancer Among Urban Women." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 9 (June 1, 2012): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/sep2013/155.

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20

BE, R. Aruna Sankari. "Cervical Cancer Detection Using Support Vector Machine." International journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology 04, no. 03 (March 31, 2017): 5033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijetst/v4i3.08.

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Zhang, Lei, Shuxia Ge, and Bing Cao. "Long non-coding RNA MIAT promotes cervical cancer proliferation and migration." Journal of Biochemistry 168, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvaa037.

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Abstract Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world while its pathological mechanisms are not well-elucidated. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been implicated in cancer development. The dysregulation of lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) has been reported in several cancers while its role in cervical cancer is not described yet. In this study, the role of MIAT in cervical cancer was explored. We evaluated the expression of MIAT in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, we explored the effects of MIAT on proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer using cell model and animal transplantation model. We also evaluated the effects of MIAT on activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Our results show that MIAT was up-regulated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Knocking down MIAT resulted in decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells and suppression of tumour growth in mice. Mechanically, knocking down MIAT suppressed the activation of PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. In conclusion, MIAT promotes cell proliferation and invasion in cervical cancer.

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Chaturvedi, Anil K., Ruth A. Kleinerman, Allan Hildesheim, Ethel S. Gilbert, Hans Storm, Charles F. Lynch, Per Hall, et al. "Second Cancers After Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Cervix." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 6 (February 20, 2009): 967–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.18.4549.

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Purpose Although cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) are both caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, they differ in cofactors such as cigarette smoking. We assessed whether these cofactor differences translate into differences in second cancer risk. Patients and Methods We assessed second cancer risk among 85,109 cervical SCC and 10,280 AC survivors reported to population-based cancer registries in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States. Risks compared to the general population were assessed using standardized incidence ratios (SIR). Results Overall cancer risk was significantly increased among both cervical SCC survivors (n = 10,559 second cancers; SIR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.34) and AC survivors (n = 920 second cancers; SIR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.38). Risks of HPV-related and radiation-related cancers were increased to a similar extent among cervical SCC and AC survivors. Although significantly increased in both groups when compared with the general population, risk of smoking-related cancers was significantly higher among cervical SCC than AC survivors (P = .015; SIR for cervical SCC = 2.07 v AC = 1.78). This difference was limited to lung cancer (SIR for cervical SCC = 2.69 v AC = 2.18; P = .026). The increased lung cancer risk among cervical AC survivors was observed for both lung SCC and lung AC. SIRs for second cancers of the colon, soft tissue, melanoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were significantly higher among cervical AC than SCC survivors. Conclusion The second cancer profiles among cervical SCC and AC survivors mirror the similarities and differences in cofactors for these two histologies. Because smoking is not a cofactor for cervical AC, the increased lung cancer risk suggests a role for additional factors.

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Berry, Lisa. "Cervical cancer." Cancer Nursing Practice 15, no. 10 (December 12, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/cnp.15.10.11.s10.

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Greer, Benjamin E., Wui-Jin Koh, Nadeem R. Abu-Rustum, Sachin M. Apte, Susana M. Campos, John Chan, Kathleen R. Cho, et al. "Cervical Cancer." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 8, no. 12 (December 2010): 1388–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2010.0104.

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Koh, Wui-Jin, Benjamin E. Greer, Nadeem R. Abu-Rustum, Sachin M. Apte, Susana M. Campos, John Chan, Kathleen R. Cho, et al. "Cervical Cancer." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 11, no. 3 (March 2013): 320–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2013.0043.

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McKay, Lindsay. "Cervical cancer." Nursing Standard 23, no. 46 (July 22, 2009): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.07.23.46.59.c7172.

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Goodwin, Peter M. "Cervical Cancer." Oncology Times 44, no. 2 (January 20, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000818680.74642.b6.

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McKay, Lindsay. "Cervical cancer." Nursing Standard 23, no. 46 (July 22, 2009): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.23.46.59.s52.

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Hanson, Julie. "Cervical cancer." Nursing Standard 24, no. 13 (December 2, 2009): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.24.13.59.s53.

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Schneider, Achim, and Lutz Gissmann. "Cervical Cancer." American Journal of Cancer 2, no. 4 (2003): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00024669-200302040-00004.

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Carlson, Robert H. "Cervical Cancer." Oncology Times 36, no. 2 (January 2014): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000443164.07554.4e.

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Carlson, Robert H. "Cervical Cancer." Oncology Times 37, no. 23 (December 2015): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cot.0000475709.42579.f7.

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van NAGELL, JOHN R., LINORE M. DUDIK, ARTHUR L. FRANK, J. PAUL LEIGH, JOSEPH ENGELBERG, and DAVID T. ALLEN. "Cervical Cancer." Southern Medical Journal 80, no. 1 (January 1987): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198701000-00017.

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JONES, HOWARD W. "CERVICAL CANCER." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 33, no. 4 (December 1990): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199012000-00016.

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&NA;. "Cervical Cancer." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 33, no. 4 (December 1990): 917–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199012000-00028.

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D'Addario, Johanna. "Cervical cancer." Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants 33, no. 12 (December 2020): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jaa.0000721700.59332.90.

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Moore, David H. "Cervical Cancer." Obstetrics & Gynecology 107, no. 5 (May 2006): 1152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000215986.48590.79.

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Clark, Max A., William Naahas, Ronald J. Markert, and Melvin G. Dodson. "Cervical Cancer." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 14, no. 4 (August 1991): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-199108000-00016.

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Berry, Lisa. "Cervical cancer." Nursing Standard 31, no. 21 (January 18, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.31.21.15.s17.

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Sindos, Michael, Narendra Pisal, Theresa Freeman-Wang, and Albert Singer. "Cervical Cancer." Obstetrics & Gynecology 101, no. 6 (June 2003): 1354–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-200306000-00045.

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Davy, Margaret. "Cervical Cancer." Obstetrics & Gynecology 101, no. 6 (June 2003): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-200306000-00046.

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Tinari, Mary Alice. "Cervical cancer." Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 6, no. 6 (November 2008): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nme.0000341174.90616.56.

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&NA;. "Cervical cancer." Nursing Made Incredibly Easy! 6, no. 6 (November 2008): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nme.0000341175.90616.1f.

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Lea, Jayanthi S., and Ken Y. Lin. "Cervical Cancer." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 39, no. 2 (June 2012): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2012.02.008.

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Orr, James W. "Cervical Cancer." Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 7, no. 2 (April 1998): 299–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1055-3207(18)30272-2.

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Waggoner, Steven E. "Cervical cancer." Lancet 361, no. 9376 (June 2003): 2217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13778-6.

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Waugh, M. A. "CERVICAL CANCER." Lancet 328, no. 8517 (November 1986): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(86)92243-9.

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Cohen, Paul A., Anjua Jhingran, Ana Oaknin, and Lynette Denny. "Cervical cancer." Lancet 393, no. 10167 (January 2019): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32470-x.

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Berek, Jonathan S. "Cervical Cancer." Cancer Journal 9, no. 5 (September 2003): 325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130404-200309000-00001.

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Wuerthner, Barbara A., and Maria Avila-Wallace. "Cervical cancer." Nurse Practitioner 41, no. 9 (September 2016): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.npr.0000490390.43604.5f.

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