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1
Paludo, Gabriela Prado. "Estudo filogenômico do desenvolvimento estrobilar em platelmintos da classe cestoda." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158534.
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O Filo Platyhelminthes inclui todos os vermes achatados e contém quatro Classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda e Cestoda. A primeira é composta predominantemente por organismos de vida livre, a segunda por ectoparasitas e as Classes Trematoda e Cestoda são compostas por endoparasitas obrigatórios. Os cestódeos são agentes etiológicos de algumas das principais doenças de seres humanos e animais domésticos, apresentado complexos ciclos de vida que abrangem, pelo menos, dois hospedeiros. Entre as suas adaptações ao parasitismo, alguns cestódeos da Subclasse Eucestoda apresentam repetição seriada dos órgãos reprodutivos (metamerismo) e a segmentação externa destes (proglotização), apresentando, assim, uma enorme capacidade reprodutiva. Porém, pouco se sabe dos aspectos moleculares envolvidos na biologia do desenvolvimento desta estrutura corporal. O presente trabalho descreve as relações evolutivas entre organismos endoparasitas do Filo Platyhelminthes através de análise filogenômica, assim como a interrelação dos platelmintos com demais representantes do Superfilo Lophotrochozoa. Por meio da comparação de dados genômicos, transcritômicos e inferência funcional, este trabalho descreve um total de 34 proteínas associadas ao processo de proglotização, conservadas em platelmintos da Classe Cestoda. Entre estas proteínas, 12 estão relacionadas a processos de desenvolvimento, incluindo vias bem conhecidas como as vias de sinalização da wnt e do TGF-β/BMP. Adicionalmente, a identificação de 22 proteínas hipotéticas conservadas e a descrição de seus domínios, adiciona importantes alvos para o estudo da evolução deste processo de desenvolvimento na Classe Cestoda.The Phylum Platyhelminthes includes all flatworms and contains four classes: Turbellaria, Menogenea, Trematoda, and Cestoda. The first one is predominantly composed of free-living organisms, the second by ectoparasites and the Trematoda and Cestoda Classes are composed of obligatory endoparasites. The cestodes are etiologic agents of some of the major diseases of humans and domestic animals, and present complex life cycles that include at least two hosts. Among its adaptations to parasitism, some cestodes of Eucestoda Subclass have serial repetition of their reproductive organs (metamerism) and external segmentation of these (proglottisation), thus presenting an enormous reproductive capacity. However, little is known about the molecular aspects involved in the biology of development of this kind of body structure. This work describes the evolutionary relationships among endoparasite organisms from Phylum Platyhelminthes through phylogenomic analysis, as well as the interrelationship of flatworms with other species representing the Superphylum Lophotrochozoa. Through genomic data comparison, transcriptomic analysis and functional inference, this work describes a set of 34 proteins associated with the proglottisation process, preserved in flatworms Class Cestoda. Among these proteins, 12 are related to developmental processes, including well described pathways as the Wnt and TGF-β / BMP signaling pathways. Additionally, the identification of 22 conserved hypothetical proteins and the description of its domains adds important targets for the study of the proglottisation evolution in the Class Cestoda.
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Mahendrasingam, Shanthini. "Studies on the developmental biology of Trilocularia acanthiaevulgaris (Cestoda, Tetraphyllidea)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336131.
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Henderson, David John. "Studies on cellular differentiation in the dwarf tapeworm Hymenolepis nana (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329352.
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Usher, St John Andrew. "Egg production in Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda; Pseudophyllidea) with implications for bioadhesive production." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359010.
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Riley, Sharon Lesley. "The response of different laboratory rodents to Mesocestoides corti (Cestoda), tetrathyridia infections." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304450.
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Crangle, Kevin Damian. "Neural involvement in chemical activation and attachment of Grillotia erinaceus (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha)." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333869.
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Mansur, Fadlul Azim Fauzi Bin. "Investigations into the effects of plant derived cysteine proteinases on tapeworms (Cestoda)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13058/.
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Gastrointestinal (GI) helminths pose a significant threat to the livestock industry and are a recognized cause of global morbidity in humans. Control relies principally on chemotherapy but in the case of nematodes is rapidly losing efficacy through widespread development and spread of resistance to conventional anthelmintics and hence the urgent need for novel classes of anthelmintics. Cysteine proteinases (CPs) from papaya latex have been shown to be effective against three murine nematodes Heligmosomoides bakeri, Protospirura muricola and Trichuris muris in vitro and in vivo and against the economically important nematode parasite of sheep Haemonchus contortus. Preliminary evidence suggests an even broader spectrum of activity with efficacy against the canine hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum, juvenile stages of parasitic plant nematodes of the genera Meloidogyne and Globodera and a murine cestode Hymenolepis microstoma in vitro. This project focused on tapeworms. Using 2 different rodent cestodes Hymenolepis diminuta and Hymenolepis microstoma and 1 equine cestode Anoplocephala perfoliata I have been able to show that CPs do indeed affect cestodes whether young newly hatched scoleces in vitro (by causing a significant reduction in motility leading to death of the worms) or mature adult worms in vitro (by causing a significant reduction in motility leading to death of the worms) and in vivo (resulting in a significant, but relatively small, reduction in worm burden and biomass), despite no effects on worm fecundity. Although only minimally efficacious against Hymenolepis microstoma and moderately efficacious against Hymenolepis diminuta in vivo, efficacy was enhanced by the synergistic effects of the immune system demonstrated against Hymenolepis diminuta in the non-permissive host. The results offer the possibility that with further refinement, CPs may be developed into broad spectrum anthelmintics that in addition to their marked effects on nematodes also remove any concurrently residing tapeworms.
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Williams, Mark Anthony. "Humoral immune response of roach (Rutilus rutilus) to Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea)." Thesis, Keele University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334284.
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Santos, Marlise Ladvocat Bartholomei. "Isolamento e caracterização de microssatélites do genoma de Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda, Taeniidae)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2647.
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A presença de microssatélites no genoma de Echinococcus granulosus foi verificada utilizando-se oito oligonucleotídeos com repetições como sondas (GT15, CT15, AT15, CG15, CAT10, CAA10, CGG10 e CATA10). Experimentos de hibridização revelaram que as repetições GT, CAA, CATA e CT são as mais frequentes no genoma de E. granulosus. As sondas AT e GC não apresentaram sinais de hibridização. Seis lócus contendo repetições CA/GT, quatro lócus contendo repetições GA/CT e oito lócus contendo repetições AAC/GGT foram clonados e sequenciados. O lócus Egmsca1 foi analisado em 73 isolados do Brasil e da Argentina cujas linhagens haviam sido previamente caracterizadas e em 27 isolados provenientes da Etiópia cujas linhagens ainda não foram identificadas. Os isolados brasileiros da linhagem bovina e os isolados argentinos da linhagem do camelo apresentaram-se monomórficos e compartilharam o alelo (CA)7. Isolados argentinos das linhagens da ovelha e da ovelha da Tasmânia compartilharam dois alelos [(CA)8 e (CA)10] com os isolados brasileiros da linhagem da ovelha. O alelo (CA)11 foi encontrado somente em isolados brasileiros da linhagem da ovelha em uma baixa frequência. O alelo (CA)9 ocorreu apenas em um isolado da Etiópia. As populações brasileira e argentina da linhagem da ovelha foram testadas em relação ao equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg e somente a primeira estava de acordo com as expectativas. Protoescólices isolados de um único cisto hidático não apresentaram polimorfismo, validando a utilização de protoescólices de um mesmo cisto, agrupados como um isolado, em estudos populacionais. Um microssatélite contendo repetições de pentanucleotídeos, contido no complexo gênico do snRNA U1, também foi isolado. Este estudo descreve pela primeira vez o isolamento e caracterização de microssatélites em E. granulosus.
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Khalil, Mona Fathi. "Interactions between cadmium and selected life cycle stages of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda pseudophyllidea)." Thesis, Keele University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499346.
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Over recent years it has been established that pollutants can have a significant impact on lost-parasite systems in water so much so that it has been proposed that parasite fauna may be a usefiil parameter to monitor water quality. Surprisingly, with perhaps the exception of trematodes, detailed observations on the interaction between other helminths and pollutants, such as heavy metals, are lacking. In this study eggs and coracidia of the carp tapeworm, BothriocepJialus acheilognathi were exposed to a range of cadmium concentrations (0.1-10,000μg/l). Results indicated that the egg is highly resistant to Cd pollution, hi contrast, the activity of the liberated coracidium is significantly decreased after Ih exposure to cadmium at 10 & 100μg/l.
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Pool, D. W. "An experimental study of the biology of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356284.
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Bothriocephalus specimens from a single 0+ Ctenopharyngodon idella were fixed using three different techniques, and the scolex morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The scolices were compared with the five species of Bothriocephalus and one species of Schyzocotyle previousley recorded from cyprinid fishes. The taxonomic history of the Bothriocephalus species parasitising cyprinid fishes was reviewed. It was concluded that the six species were synonymous, and that priority should be given to the name B. acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934; with B. opsariichthydis Yamaguti, 1934, ~fluviatilis Yamaguti, 1952, ~ gowkongensis Yeh, 1955, .!h. phoxini Molnar, 1968 and Schyzocotyle fluviatilis as synonyms. A critical examination of the three species of Bothriocephalus reported from cyprinid fishes in Africa is presented. The characters examined did not enable the species to be differentiated, therefore it is suggested that ~ aegyptiacus Rysavy and Moravec, 1975 and B. ki vuensis Baer and Fain, 1958 are synonyms of B. acheilognathi. Laboratory experiments revealed that establishment, development and mortality of each stage of the life cycle of ~ acheilognathi was temperature dependant. In addition the infectivity of the coracidium and procercoid was age dependant. Development of the procercoid was influenced by the age of the coracidium when ingested by the copepod intermediate host, and the infecti v i ty of the procercoid was inversely related to the density of ~e. procercoids within the intermediate host. Estimation of the time taken for the completion of the life cycle at temperatures ranging from 18-30 0c showed it to be inversely related to temperature. The size of the Cyprinus carpio host influenced the ability of the plerocercoids to establish, with no establishment occuring in C. carpio greater than 63 mm fork length. The strobila of ~ acheilognathi was observed to undergo a cyclical pattern of contraction and relaxation within the host intestine. The frequency of this behaviour was associated with the feeding behav iour of the .f:. carpio host. No significant variation in scolex position was observed. Egg release by B. acheilognathi also followed a cyclical pattern,with peak egg production occurring shortly after the entry of food into the intestine. Praziquantel (Droncit, Bayer) was found to be a suitable anthelmintic for the control of ~ acheilognathi. In vitro studies indicated that praziquantel concentrations of 0.1ug per ml 0.9% saline and above, caused muscular contraction and severe tegumental damage. Exposure to drug concentrations of 100 ug praziquantel per ml saline for 24 hours was not lethal to the worms. Praziquantel had no ovicidal activity. Praziquantel was used to eliminate ~ acheilognathi from a batch of 30,000 newly imported Ctenopharyngodon idella. Dose rates of 105 and 125 mg praziquantel kg bodyweight-1 administered as a medicated feed over a three day period were used. The fish were raised to 240c in an indoor recirculating unit prior to treatment. The ponds containing infected fish were drained and limed to kill B. acheilognathi ova and copepods.
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Robert, Florence. "Expressions phénotypiques et stratégies adaptatives au sein du complexe Bothriocephalus scorpii, Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618039j.
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Santos, Guilherme Brzoskowski dos. "Estrutura e dinâmica genética das populações de Echinococcus vogeli e Echinococcus oligarthrus (Cestoda: Taeniidae)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54413.
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A taxonomia dos cestóides do gênero Echinococcus está submetida a constante revisão. Dez espécies são atualmente aceitas para Echinococcus, duas delas são o Echinococcus oligarthrus, agente causador da equinococose unicística, e o Echinococcus vogeli, agente causador da equinococose policística e que parece ser a espécie mais patogênica do gênero. Existem haplótipos que ainda não foram determinados como espécies e permanecem dentro da categoria de variantes genéticas. Atualmente, os estudos genéticos em Echinococcus concentram-se na análise do DNA mitocondrial, um genoma que não recombina, de rápida evolução, e de herança materna na maioria dos animais. Além disso, esses estudos têm se concentrado em E. granulosus e E. multilocularis, usando uma ou poucas amostras de Echinococcus neotropical. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar, utilizando sequências nucleares, a composição genética das duas espécies neotropicais, visando colaborar para a compreensão dos processos evolutivos do gênero Echinococcus e, consequentemente, contribuir para o correto manuseio do parasito nas regiões afetadas. No total, foram utilizados 45 isolados para extração de DNA e subsequentes análises, 38 E. vogeli, 4 E. oligarthrus, 1 E. granulosus, 1 E. ortleppi e 1 E. multilocularis. As espécies foram determinadas a partir da amplificação e análise da sequência parcial (366 pb) do gene mitocondrial da citocromo-oxidase (cox1). Para os 45 isolados, 6 diferentes alvos nucleares (P-29, EG10, AG4, Ir, Er e TGF) foram amplificados por PCR e os diferentes genótipos foram selecionados através da técnica de SSCP. Os loci mais polimórficos encontrados em E. vogeli foram Ag4 e E10, ambos com 2 alelos, e nos loci Ir, Er, P-29 e Tgf, com um alelo. E. oligarthrus tem alelos exclusivos para cinco dos seis loci nucleares analisados; contudo, o alelo T2, do locus Tgf, também está presente em seis isolados de E. vogeli. O fluxo gênico entre as metapopulações de E. vogeli das duas áreas geográficas parece ser restrito. Além disso, o fluxo gênico entre a população de E. oligarthrus e as demais populações é restrito. A AMOVA revelou que o nível mais significante de variabilidade genética ocorre dentro das metapopulações, o segundo nível mais significativo foi encontrado entre as metapopulações dentro das suprapopulações do Acre e Pará. Os isolados amostrados no estado do Acre parecem formar um “cluster” distinto. Além disso, foi possível verificar que os isolados de E. vogeli amostrados no estado do Pará também tendem a constituir um “cluster” único, mas de forma menos uniforme. Os 11 haplótipos mitocondriais de E. vogeli constituem um grupo monofilético e distinto de E. oligarthrus e das demais espécies do gênero.Cestodes of the genus Echinococcus are subjected to a constant taxonomic revision. Ten species are currently accepted for the genus Echinococcus, two of them are Echinococcus oligarthrus, the agent of unicystic echinococcosis and Echinococcus vogeli, the agent of polycystic echinococcosis, which seems to be one of the most pathogenic species of Echinococcus. There are haplotypes that have not been determined as species and remain within the genetic variants category. Currently, the genetic studies on Echinococcus have focused on the analysis of mitochondrial DNA, a non-recombining, fast evolving and maternally inherited genome in most animals. Besides, these studies have been concentrated in the E. granulosus and E. multilocularis, using one or few samples from neotropical Echinococcus. This study aimed to analyze, using nuclear sequences, the genetic composition of the two neotropical species, which may support the understanding of evolutionary processes on the genus Echinococcus and, consequently, will contribute to the correct handling of the parasite in the affected regions. A total of 45 isolates were used for DNA extraction and further analyses, 38 E. vogeli, 4 E. oligarthrus, 1 E. granulosus, 1 E. ortleppi and 1 E. multilocularis. The species were determined by amplification and sequence analysis of a partial sequence (366 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxydase 1 gene (cox1). For the 45 isolates, 6 different nuclear targets (P-29, Eg10, Ag4, Ir, Er and Tgf) were amplified by PCR and the genotypes were screened by SSCP technique. In E. vogeli, the most polymorphic loci found were Ag4 and E10, both with 2 alleles, and the Ir, Er, P-29 and Tgf loci with 1 allele. E. oligarthrus has exclusive alleles for five of the six analyzed nuclear loci. However, the allele T2, from Tgf locus, is also present in six E. vogeli isolates. The gene flow between the metapopulations of E. vogeli seems to be restricted. In addition, the gene flow between the E. oligarthrus population and the other populations of E. vogeli is restricted. The AMOVA revealed that the most significant level of genetic variability occurs within metapopulations, and the second most significant level of variability was found among metapopulations within suprapopulations of Acre and Pará. Isolates sampled in Acre seems to form a distinct cluster. Furthermore, it was possible to verify that the E. vogeli isolates sampled in Pará also are likely to form a single "cluster", but less uniform. The 11 mitochondrial haplotypes of E. vogeli constitute a monophyletic group and distinct from E. oligarthrus and other Echinococcus species.
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Macartney, Geraldine A. "Studies on the early growth and development of the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda, cyclophyllidea)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335569.
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Major, Mary. "Impairment of vitellogenesis in an intermediate host, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera), parasitized by Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda)." Thesis, Keele University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363820.
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Taylor, Mark. "Immunoparasitological studies on Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) in roach (Rutilus rutilus) and gudgeon (Gobio gobio)." Thesis, Keele University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304479.
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Žolt, Horvat. "Helmintofauna slepih miševa (Mammalia: Chiroptera) na području Srbije." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104813&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Analizirana je helmintofauna 127 primeraka slepih miševa na teritoriji Srbije.Sakupljene jedinke su pripadnici 12 vrsta slepih miševa: veliki potkovičar (Rhinolophusferrumequinum Schreber, 1774); tamnoliki brkati večernjak (Myotis mystacinus Kuhl, 1817); mali brkati večernjak (M. alcathoe Helversen & Heller, 2001); šumski brkati večernjak (M. brandtii Eversmann, 1845); južni veliki večernjak (M. oxygnathus Monticelli, 1885); evropski veliki večernjak (M. myotis Borkhausen, 1797); dugodlaki slepi mišić(Hypsugo savii Bonaparte, 1837); obični slepi mišić(Pipistrellus pipistrellus Schreber, 1774); šumski slepi mišić (P. nathusii Keyserling & Blasius, 1839); evropski smeđi dugoušan (Plecotus auritus Linnaeus, 1758); evropski sivi dugoušan (P. austriacus Fischer, 1829) i obični noćnik (Nyctalus noctula Schreber, 1774). Jedinke slepih miševa su sakupljane sa 15 lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije: Deliblatska peščara, Zasavica, Valjevo, Beograd, Paraćin, Đerdap, Bor, Beljanica, Kučevo, Boljevac, Zaječar, Zlot, Medveđa, planina Tara i Ivanjica u periodu od 2001. do 2009 godine.Izolovano je ukupno 1642 jedinki parazita (787 jedinki metilja, 4 pantljičara i 851 nematoda), razvrstanih u 2 razdela, 1 podrazdel, 3 klase, 3 podklase, 1 nadred, 6 reda, 1 podred, 7 nadfamilija, 11 familija, 9 podfamilija, 12 rodova i 14 vrsta. Identifikovane vrste parazita su: Plagiorchis koreanus(Ogata, 1937), Mesotretes peregrinus (Braun, 1900), Lecithodendrium linstowi (Dollfus, 1931), Prosthodendrium longiforme (Bhalerao, 1926), P. chilostomum (Mehlis, 1831), P. parvouterus (Bhalerao, 1926), Milina grisea(van Beneden, 1873), Capillaria neopulchra (Babos, 1954), Molinostrongylus alatus(Ortlepp, 1932), Strongylacantha glycirrhiza (van Beneden, 1873), Physalopterasp., Litomosa ottavianii (Lagrange & Bettini, 1948), Rictularia bovieri (Blanchard, 1886) i Seuratum mucronatum (Rudolphi, 1809). Kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza helmintofaune slepih miševa je prvi put rađena na području Srbije, te se date vrste domaćina mogu smatrati novim za sve konstatovane vrste parazita na teritoriji naše zemlje. U ukupnom uzorku 93 (73.23%) jedinki domaćina bilo je invadirano parazitima. Najbrojnije u ukupnom uzorkusu bile vrste P. koreanus, L. linstowii M. alatus, sa dominacijom poslednje. Konstatovano je da pol ne utiče na sastav helmintofaune domaćina. Međutim, konstatovane su promene u kvalitetu i kvantitetu helmintocenoze u pojedinim sezonama.The helminth fauna of 127 individuals of bats on the territory of Serbia was analyzed. The host samples consisted of 12 bat species: Greater Horseshoe Bat(Rhinolophus ferrumequinumSchreber, 1774); Whiskered Bat (Myotis mystacinusKuhl, 1817); Alcathoe Whiskered Bat (M. alcathoeHelversen & Heller, 2001); Brandt ’s Bat (M. brandtiiEversmann, 1845); Lesser Mouse-eared Bat (M. oxygnathusMonticelli, 1885); Greater Mouse-eared Bat (M. myotisBorkhausen, 1797); Savi ’ s Pipistrelle Bat (Hypsugo saviiBonaparte, 1837); Common Pipistrelle Bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus Schreber, 1774); Nathusius ’ Pipistrelle Bat (P. BathusiiKeyserling & Blasius, 1839); Brown Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritusLinnaeus, 1758); Grey Long-eared Bat (P. austriacusFischer, 1829) and Noctule Bat (Nyctalus noctulaSchreber, 1774). Host semples were collected from fifteen localities throughout Serbia: Deliblato sands, Zasavica, Valjevo, Belgrade, Paraćin, Đerdap, Bor, Beljanica, Kučevo, Boljevac, Zaječar, Zlot, Medveđa, Tara mountain and Ivanjica in the period between2001 and 2009. A total of 1642 helminth individuals (787 individuals of digeneans, 4 cestodes and 851 nematodes) were collected from the hosts, classified into 2 phylas, 1 subphyla, 3 classes, 3 subclasses, 1 superorder, 6 orders, 1 suborder, 7 superfamilies, 11 families, 9 subfamilies, 12 generas and 14 species. Fourteen parasite species were identified: Plagiorchis koreanus(Ogata, 1937), Mesotretes peregrinus(Braun, 1900), Lecithodendrium linstowi(Dollfus, 1931), Prosthodendrium longiforme(Bhalerao, 1926), P. chilostomum(Mehlis, 1831), P. parvouterus(Bhalerao, 1926), Milina grisea (van Beneden, 1873), Capillaria neopulchra(Babos, 1954), Molinostrongylus alatus (Ortlepp, 1932), Strongylacantha glycirrhiza(van Beneden, 1873), Physalopterasp., Litomosa ottavianii(Lagrange & Bettini, 1948), Rictularia bovieri(Blanchard, 1886) and Seuratum mucronatum(Rudolphi, 1809). The qualitative and quantitativeanalysis of the helminth fauna of bats were conducted in Serbia for the first time. Therefore all bat species can be considered new hosts for all recorded helminth species on the area of the country. Ninety-three (73.23%) individuals werefound to be infected with helminth parasites. The most numerous helminth species in total sample were P. koreanus, L. linstowiand M. alatus, which is also the most dominant. There is no evidence that the composition of helminth fauna depends on the sex ofthe host. However, some seasonal changes in quality and quantity of helminth community of the host are obvious.
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Ndiaye, Papa Ibnou. "Systématique et Phylogénie de Plathelminthes parasites ("Trematoda et Cestoda"): apport des études ultrastructurales de la reproduction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2417.
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El presente estudio constituye una importante contribución al conocimiento de la ultraestructura de la espermiogénesis y del espermatozoide de los Platelmintos parásitos. Los caracteres ultraestructurales de la reproducción, particularmente los del espermatozoide, son de gran utilidad para la Sistemática, la Taxonomía y la Filogenia de diversos grupos zoológicos, entre ellos el de los Platelmintos. Por ello, se ha estudiado ultraestructuralmente la espermiogénesis y el espermatozoide de siete especies de Platelmintos parásitos de distintas familias: cuatro Digénidos [Scaphiostomum palaearcticum Mas-Coma, Esteban et Valero, 1986 (Brachylaimidae), Fasciola hepatica, Linnaeus, 1758 y Fasiola gigantica Cobbold, 1856 (Fasciolidae) y Notocotylus neyrai González Castro, 1945 (Notocotylidae)] y tres Cestodos Cyclophyllidea [Joyeuxiella pasqualei (Diamare, 1893) y Joyeuxiella echinorhynchoides (Sonsino, 1899) (Dipylidiidae) y Taenia parva Baer, 1926 (Taeniidae)].Los helmintos, aislados tras disección de los hospedadores, han sido procesados según la metodología pertinente para los estudios ultraestructurales a que van encaminados. En el caso de F. gigantica se ha aplicado la técnica citoquímica de Thiéry para evidenciar la presencia de glucógeno en el gameto masculino. En el estudio de F. hepatica, dada la procedencia del material de la rata negra (Rattus rattus), hemos podido diseccionar el hospedador en el laboratorio y aplicar más fácilmente otras técnicas como son: 1) las técnicas inmunocitoquímicas para evidenciar la tubulina en el citoesqueleto del espermatozoide y 2) las de "whole mount" y de microscopía electrónica de barrido destinadas a la observación de espermatozoides enteros. Las técnicas inmunocitoquímicas de inmunomarcaje ultraestructural nos han permitido de detectar la presencia de las tubulinas contenidas en el citoesqueleto del espermatozoide mediante la utilización de anticuerpos monoclonales (anti-alfa-tubulina, anti-beta-tubulina, anti-tubulina acetilada y anti-tubulina tirosinada).
Los resultados obtenidos en relación las especies estudiadas forman parte de las seis publicaciones expuestas en la Memoria.
El estudio de S. palaearcticum es el cuarto trabajo realizado sobre la ultraestructura del gameto masculino en la familia Brachylaimidae y el primero de la subfamilia Ityogoniminae. En el caso de N. neyrai, el presente estudio constituye la primera aportación ultraestructural para la familia Notocotylidae. En la familia Fasciolidae se ha realizado un estudio comparado de la ultraestructura de la espermiogénesis y del espermatozoide de F. hepatica (parásito de Bos taurus en España y de Rattus rattus en Córcega) con la de F. gigantica (parásito de Bos indicus en Senegal). Para el género Joyeuxiella y, por extensión, para la familia Dipylidiidae, se establece el modelo general de la espermiogénesis y del espermatozoide dada la existencia de datos en dos de los tres géneros incluidos en esta familia. En el caso de T. parva, los resultados aportados contribuyen a la determinación de las características ultraestructurales del espermatozoide para las especies de la familia Taeniidae.
Se efectua una completa revisión y discusión al respecto de diversos caracteres ultraestructurales del espermatozoide de los Digénidos, como son las ornamentaciones externas de la membrana y los cuerpos espinosos. Por otra parte, se describe la formación de una expansión citoplasmática dorso-lateral en el transcurso de la espermiogénesis en F. gigantica y F. hepatica. En el caso de los Cestodos, se describe por primera vez la formación de la vaina periaxonemal durante la espermiogénesis de Joyeuxiella spp. Además, ciertos caracteres de la espermiogénesis de los Digénidos y de los Cestodos primitivos como son la presencia de raíces estriadas y de rotación flagelar son igualmente observados respectivamente en los Cyclophyllidea Joyeuxiella spp. y T. parva.
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Gárate, Camacho Inés Miriam. "Caracterización comparativa de cepas del género Rodentolepis Spasskii, 1954 (Cestoda, Hymenolipididae) de procedencia humana y murina." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14151.
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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorEvalúa el parasitismo en relación con el estado nutricional, el sexo y la ubicación geográfica de un total de 500 niños (entre 6 y 7 años de edad), 100 en cada uno de los pisos correspondientes a las siguientes regiones: Chala, Yunga, Quechua, Suni y Puna. Asímismo, se han investigado los ciclos biológicos de Rodentolepis nana nana, R. nana fraterna y R. microstoma y se han efectuado algunas comparaciones de dichos ciclos con los de Hymenolepis diminuta. Adicionalmente se han establecido modelos experimentales para el desarrollo del estadio cisticercoide de estos céstodos en coleópteros de la especie Tribolium castaneum. Se han contrastado las características morfológicas entre huevos, cisticercoides y adultos de las especies en estudio y se ha efectuado la evaluación estadística correspondiente para validar las diferencias y semejanzas morfométricas halladas en los diferentes estadios de cada especie. Así también se ha realizado una evaluación molecular desde el punto de vista filogenético de los hymenolepídidos en estudio usando dos tipos de marcadores como son los cebadores universales URP38F y URP17R. Como resultado de este trabajo se ha determinado que el parasitismo por Rodentolepis nana nana no está asociado a aspectos nutricionales ni al sexo de los niños motivo de estudio. Más bien se ha observado que el parasitismo tiene una alta prevalencia en cada uno de los 5 pisos ecológicos. En cuanto a la presencia de parasitismo en ratones, R. nana fraterna es el céstodo más común, en cambio en ratas solo se encontró Hymenolepis diminuta. Un hecho importante es el hallazgo, por primera vez para el Perú, de la especie R. microstoma en ratones, habiéndose establecido claramente las diferencias morfológicas entre ésta y las demás especies. Los estudios de los ciclos biológicos han permitido corroborar la existencia del ciclo directo para R. nana nana y R. nana fraterna y el indirecto para las 4 especies estudiadas, usando experimentalmente coleópteros de la especie Tribolium castaneum, en cuyo hemocele se desarrollaron los cisticercoides de Rodentolepis nana nana, R. nana fraterna, R. microstoma e Hymenolepis diminuta. En cuanto a los estudios morfométricos, usando el indicador diámetro mayor/diámetro menor se han podido establecer claras diferencias entre los huevos de R. nana nana, R. nana fraterna y R. microstoma; asi también en las dimensiones y formas que se aprecian en los cisticercoides de las mismas especies. Otro hallazgo relevante es el registro de ejemplares adultos de las 4 especies de parásitos en estudio con longitudes muy superiores a las reportadas en la literatura especializada. Finalmente, los datos de filogenia molecular presentados en este estudio señalan una cercanía entre R. nana nana y R. nana fraterna y, a su vez, una clara separación de éstas con R. microstoma y H. diminuta.
Tesis
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Sharp, Gregory J. E. "Studies on the host-parasite interaction between Diphyllobothrium spp. (Cestoda Pseudophyllidea) and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU027920.
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Diphyllobothrium dendriticum and D. ditremum have a wide distribution in the trout of Scottish lochs, although no specific trends in their overall distribution have been observed. The seasonal recruitment trends and development of infections with Diphyllobothrium spp. pleroceroids in wild rainbow trout, in one particular Scottish loch, were monitored regularly for the period 1986 to 1989. Infection varied between these years, but in 1987 intensities from March to November reached their highest levels in November when sampling ended. These two species reached infection intensities, in individual fish, higher than any previous reports and trout stocks appeared to be affected. Plerocercoids, in host-derived cysts, were located on the peritoneal stomach surface, the gross pathology of which is described. The cellular components of the host-derived cyst were examined in detail by light and electron microscopy. A number of leucocyte types, found within a collagenous matrix with associated fibroblasts, were observed. Leucocyte types included neutrophils, eosinophilic granular leucocytes, macrophages and occasional plasma cells. Antibody production, in response to natural infection, was examined by indirect immunofluorescence using serum on cryostat sections of plerocercoids obtained from wild-caught rainbow trout. The tegument of these larvae showed a positive fluorescence, indicating the presence of serum antibody in these trout. Semi-quantitative estimates of antibody titres were estimated by an optimised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To facilitate further examination of the events associated with the establishment of plerocercoids and associated host-derived cyst, under controlled conditions, a routinely maintained laboratory life cycle of D. dendriticum was established. This laboratory life cycle utilised Herring gulls (Larus agentatus) and the copepod, Cyclops abyssorum, as the definitive and first intermediate hosts respectively, and provided plerocercoid infections in trout which were examined at various times post infection. Tegumental extracts from the plerocercoids of D. dendriticum, obtained by freezing and thawing specimens, and conditioned medium obtained after in vitro maintenance of live plerocercoids, were prepared. These extracts were tested in respiratory burst assays and were found to stimulate the production of both hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion by rainbow trout macrophages. The migratory responses of trout macrophages and neutrophils to these agents were also investigated, by an optimised Boyden technique using a 48 Well Micro Chemotaxis Chamber. Leucocytes were found to have an increased chemokinetic motility following stimulation/contact with these antigen preparations. Finally, to investigate if antigens on live parasites were attractive/stimulatory, an in vitro adherence assay was carried out. Procercoid stages, which share common antigens with the plerocercoid stage, were maintained in vitro and incubated with rainbow trout leucocyte suspensions, in the absence and presence of normal or immune serum from infected fish. Leucocytes adherence was considerably increased by the presence of immune serum, indicating the possible interaction of the non-specific and specific immune response in the host inflammatory reaction.
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Allen, Jeremy Thomas. "Uptake of D- and L-amino acid enantiomers by protoscoleces and secondary hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus (Cestoda)." Thesis, Keele University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334748.
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Bueno, Verônica Mantovani. "Delimitação de espécies em Rhinebothroides Mayes, Brooks & Thorson, 1981 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) com ênfase no complexo Rhinebothroides freitasi (Rego, 1979)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-17082010-133238/.
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Membros do gênero Rhinebothroides são parasitas exclusivos de potamotrigonídeos, elasmobrânquios de água doce endêmicos da região Neotropical. Atualmente, seis espécies são reconhecidas para este gênero dentre as oito espécies nominais disponíveis. A taxonomia de Rhinebothroides é convoluta, pois a maioria de suas espécies são diagnosticadas por caracteres morfométricos e merísticos definidos por estudos que desconsideram a variabilidade intraespecífica destas linhagens. A ampla distribuição de algumas espécies, bem como seus padrões generalistas de especificidade padrão este discrepante em relação à tetrafilídeos marinhos sugere a existência de complexos de espécies que requerem melhor refinamento taxonômico. Este estudo visa refinar a taxonomia de um destes complexos Rhinebothroides freitasi, no qual estão inseridas outras 3 especies nominais (R. campbelli, R. circularisi, R. venezuelensis) cujas circunscrições são ambíguas. Neste estudo, partiuse da premissa de que a conjunção de dados moleculares e morfológicos pode elucidar a taxonomia deste complexo. Com este objetivo, dados moleculares para os genes 28S, ITS1 e COI foram compilados para 57 haplótipos de Rhinebothroides representando todas as espécies válidas para o gênero e a ampla distribuição biogeográfica no gênero nas bacias hidrográficas brasileiras. A otimização direta das sequências nucleotídicas destes haplótipos concatenadas com outros 26 terminais que incluem linhagens de tetrafilídeos marinhos e de água doce, resultou em cinco clados de Rhinebothroides que possuem morfologia congruente com a série tipo de cinco espécies nominais. Desta forma, este estudo reconhece cinco espécies de Rhinebothroides como válidas: R. glandularis, R. freitasi, R. moralarai, R. scorzai e R. venezuelensis. Dentre as espécies do complexo R. freitasi, os dados morfológicos compilados para ~ 400 indivíduos permitiu delimitar os níveis de variabilidade morfológica de R. freitasi e R. venezuelensis. A representatividade biogeográfica e de hospedeiros contemplada neste estudo revela que, ao contrário das linhagens de tetrafilídeos marinhos, membros de Rhinebothroides possuem baixa especificidade aos seus hospedeiros.Members of Rhinebothroides are parasites of the Neotropical freshwater stingrays of the family Potamotrygonidae. To date, six species are recognized for the genus within which there are eight nominal species available. The taxonomy of Rhinebothroides is confusing, since most of its species are currently diagnosed by morphometric and meristic characters that have been defined by studies that disregarded the intraspecific variability of its lineages. The widespread distribution of some species, as well as their relaxed host specificity pattern which differs from what has been documented for marine tetraphyllideans suggests the existence of species complexes that require taxonomic refinement. This study aims at refining the taxonomy of one of these complexes Rhinebothroides freitasi, in which are included other three nominal species (R. campbelli, R. circularisi, R. venezuelensis) circumscribed ambiguously. In this study, it has been assumed that the combination of molecular and morphological data can shed some light on the taxonomic status of this complex. Within this framework, molecular data were compiled for 28S, ITS1, and COI for 57 haplotypes of Rhinebothroides representing all currently valid species within the genus and their biogeographical distribution along the major Brazilian river basins. The direct optimization of nucleotide sequences from these haplotypes, simultaneously analised with 26 terminals which included marine and freshwater lineages of tetraphyllideans, generated a phylogenetic hypothesis that recognized five major clades within Rhinebothroides. Each of these clades are morphologically congruent with the type series of five nominal species. Therefore, this study recognizes five valid species within Rhinebothroides: R. glandularis, R. freitasi, R. moralarai, R. scorzai, and R. venezuelensis. Within the R. freitasi complex, the compiled morphological data for ~ 400 specimens provided a robust assessment of intraspecific variability for R. freitasi and R. venezuelensis. The biogeographic and host extensive sampling available for this study reveals that members of Rhinebothroides show low host specificity, as opposed to the marine tetraphyllidean lineages.
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Luchetti, Natalia da Mata. "Diversidade, taxonomia e especificidade de solitárias (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda) parasitas de papa-formigas (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) no sul da Amazônia brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-25042017-095847/.
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O conhecimento sobre cestódeos parasitas de aves na região Neotropical é bastante escasso, sendo baseado em materiais coletados nos séculos XVII e XVIII. No Brasil, a diversidade reportada para estes helmintos é baixa e não é compatível com a grande diversidade de aves registrada no país. Buscou-se inventariar a riqueza e a diversidade de cestódeos parasitas de aves da família Thamnophilidae no sul da região Amazônica brasileira, nos seus principais interflúvios e centros de endemismo, afim de caracterizar a fauna de cestódeos e verificar sua distribuição em relação à observada para os hospedeiros. Ao todo foram amostrados 487 tamnofilídeos pertencentes a 81 táxons, distribuídos nos principais interflúvios e centros de endemismo ao sul da Amazônia brasileira, no levantamento mais extenso do ponto de vista geográfico e temporal já realizado para Aves na América do Sul. As técnicas tradicionais de coleta e amostragem de cestódeos foram aperfeiçoadas levando-se em conta as especificidades de clima e logística características da região amazônica, resultando na coleta de aproximadamente 1.500 indivíduos de cestódeos das famílias Dilepididae, Hymenolepididae, Paruterinidae e Metadilepididae, pertencentes à Ordem Cyclophyllidea. Os parasitas encontrados podem representar 83 novas espécies, além de novos gêneros em todas as famílias de cestódeos amostradas. As chaves de identificação disponíveis para estes grupos não são suficientes para permitir a identificação dos táxons encontrados parasitando os Thamnophilidae. A consideração da especificidade parasita-hospedeiro para a identificação dos helmintos obtidos é um impedimento no refino taxonômico para este grupo, pois não há cestódeos descritos formalmente parasitando a família Thamnophilidae e é necessária uma ampla revisão das chaves de identificação disponíveis. A técnica de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura foi utilizada pela primeira vez para caracterizar os táxons da família Dilepididae, mostrando-se informativa na distinção dos morfotipos. A relação de especificidade parasita-hospedeiro não foi verificada na maioria dos casos, sendo o mais frequente uma relação ecológica entre hábitos alimentares dos hospedeiros e as diferentes famílias de parasitas. Verificou-se que os grandes rios amazônicos não atuam como barreiras para os parasitas, sendo encontrados os mesmos morfotipos em táxons de aves distintos e separados pelos rios. A influência das relações ecológicas entre os hospedeiros parece ser um fator mais relevante na distribuição dos parasitas, pois diferentes populações de aves em um mesmo interflúvio apresentaram uma comunidade de cestódeos distinta. A diversidade de cestódeos ainda é extremamente subestimada na região Neotropical, e este impedimento taxonômico dificulta a realização de análises mais aprofundadas, sendo fundamental que a taxonomia esteja mais bem resolvida para os membros desta Classe. Este estudo foi pioneiro na caracterização dos cestódeos parasitas de Thamnophilidae e abre uma nova e promissora linha de pesquisa nesta área em nada exploradaThe information about tapeworms inhabiting Neotropical birds is scarce, based on samples collected from XVII and XVIII centuries. In Brazil, these helminths diversity is low and not consistent with the high birds diversity. In this study, we examined the abundance and diversity of tapeworms inhabiting antbirds of family Thamnophilidae in southern Brazilian Amazon, in areas of endemism between the major rivers, to report the tapeworm fauna and its distribution regarding the hosts distribution. As result, we sampled 487 antbirds of 81 taxa, along the major interfluvial areas and areas of endemism is southern Brazilian Amazon, in the more extensive survey of parasites in South American birds. The traditional protocols for sampling cestodes were improved based on climate conditions and organization of Amazon area, resulting in a sample about to 1500 Cyclophyllidean cestodes belonging to families Dilepididae, Hymenolepididae, Paruterinidae e Metadilepididae. The specimens collected may represent 83 new species, besides new genera for all the families. The keys for Cyclophyllideans tapeworms are not useful for Thamnophilidae parasites, demanding revision for considering the host-parasite specificity and no parasites described inhabiting antbirds. For the first time Scanning Electronic Microscopy is used to discriminate Dilepididae species successfully. The host-parasite specificity for Thamnophilidean tapeworms is low and the parasite diversity is more influenced by the host foraging habits. The major Amazonic rivers are not physiographic barriers for cestodes distribution and the same parasites morphotype were reported in different host from both sides of a river. The ecological relationships between the hosts in a same area can influence their parasite diversity, with distinct birds populations in the same area parasited by different cestodes. The Neotropical tapeworm diversity is underestimated and this interferes in broader studies for host-parasites relationships, demanding taxonomic revision for these parasites class. This is the first survey for Thamnophilidae tapeworms and suggests a new and promising unknown line of research
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Mendes, Mariana de Moura. "Helmintos e ácaros nasais parasitos de Pitangus sulphuratus (Passeriformes: Tyrannidae), bem-te-vi, no Rio Grande do Sul." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2316.
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Previous issue date: 2011-11-18The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Tyrannidae), occurs only in the Americas, is distributed from the United States (Texas) to Argentina. It is the most popular bird species of Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul, being easily recognized by its onomatopoeic song, vivid colorations and aggressive behavior in a dispute over territory and when guarding the nest. These birds can be found in a wide variety of habitats such as crop fields, towns, orchards, woods and edge of aquatic environments, such as margins of ponds, streams, rivers and dams. They have skills to identify foods in natural environments and exploring food resources of anthropic origin, which contributes to its efficiency in colonizing urban environments and their abundance in various environments. The Great Kiskadee can be considered an omnivorous species, and its flexibility in their food can influence their helminthofauna, since the majority of gastrointestinal parasites are acquired through ingestion of food. Due to lack of information on parasite biodiversity of P. sulphuratus, this work was developed aimed to characterize and disseminate the helminthofauna and nasal mites that parasites the Great Kiskadee, and to calculate the parameters of prevalence, average intensity and average abundance of parasitism. Were examined 78 specimens of P. sulphuratus belonging to the municipality of Pelotas and adjacent municipalities, among those who came to death at the Center for Wildlife Rehabilitation Center and Triage of Wild Animals (NURFS / CETAS / UFPel) and were run over, collected on the highways. At the Laboratory of Parasitology of Wild Animals, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, birds were necropsied to collect helminths and nasal mites. Helminths found and their parameters of prevalence (P), average abundance (AM) and average intensity (IM) were Dispharynx nasuta (P = 3.85%, AM = 0.10, IM = 2.66), Acuaria Mayor (P = 7 , 69%, AM = 0.18, IM = 2.33), representatives of the subfamily Capillariinae (P = 10.26%, AM = 0.22, IM = 2.12), Eucoleus sp. (P = 10.26%, AM = 0.38, IM = 3.75), Aproctella sp. (P = 6.41%, AM = 0.08, MI = 1.2), Syngamus sp. (P = 7.69%, AM = 0.26, IM = 3.33), Lophosicyadiplostomum nephrocystis (P = 14.10%, AM = 3.18, MI = 22.54), Lutztrema sp. (P = 3.85%, AM = 0.08, IM = 2), Echinostoma sp. (P = 2.56%, AM = 0.15, IM = 6), Centrorhyncus spp. (P = 48.72%, AM = 3.87, IM = 7.95), and representatives of the order Ciclophyllidae (Cestoda) (P = 2.56%). The nasal mites Ptilonyssus spinosus were found with 12.82% prevalence, AM = 1.13, IM = 8.8, sex ratio 4:2, ♀ / ♂ and Sternostoma longisetosae, 5.13%, 0.13 and 2.5, respectively, all specimens were females. A parasitic association between the two species was observed in only one P. sulphuratus. Pitangus sulphuratus features a new host for helminths Dispharynx nasuta, Acuaria mayor, Capillariinae, Eucoleus sp. Aproctella sp. Syngamus sp. (Nematoda), Lutztrema sp. and Echinostoma sp. (Trematoda). That expands the area of occurrence of A. Mayor and L. nephrocystis for the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
O bem-te-vi, Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Tyrannidae), ocorre apenas nas Américas, distribui-se dos Estados Unidos (Texas) até a Argentina. É a espécie de pássaro mais popular do Brasil e do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), sendo facilmente reconhecido pelo seu canto onomatopéico, sua coloração viva e comportamento agressivo na disputa de território e guarda do ninho. Estas aves podem ser encontrados em uma ampla variedade de habitats, como campos de culturas, cidades, pomares, orla de matas e em ambientes aquáticos, tais como margens de lagoas, córregos, rios e represas. Apresentam habilidades para identificar alimentos em ambientes naturais e em explorar recursos alimentares de origem antrópica, o que contribui para sua eficiência em colonizar ambientes urbanos e sua abundância em vários ambientes. O bem-te-vi é consideradauma espécie onívora, e sua flexibilidade alimentar pode influenciar na sua helmintofauna, uma vez que a maioria dos parasitos gastrointestinais é adquirida através da ingestão de alimentos. Devido a escassez de informações sobre a biodiversidade parasitária de P. sulphuratus, desenvolveu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de conhecer a helmintofauna e ácaros nasais parasitos do bem-te-vi, bem como determinar os parâmetros de prevalência, abundância média e intensidade média de parasitismo. Foram examinados 78 espécimes de P. sulphuratus provenientes de municípios do RS, dos quais alguns vieram ao óbito no Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre e Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres (NURFS/CETAS/UFPel) e outros recolhidos mortos por atropelamento nas rodovias. No Laboratório de Parasitologia de Animais Silvestres, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, as aves foram necropsiadas para coleta de helmintos e ácaros nasais. Os helmintos encontrados e respectivos parâmetros de prevalência (P), abundância média (AM) e intensidade média (IM) foram: Dispharynx nasuta (P= 3,85%, AM=0,10, IM=2,66), Acuaria mayori (P= 7,69%, AM=0,18, IM=2,33),representantes da subfamília Capillariinae (P= 10,26%, AM=0,22, IM=2,12), Eucoleus sp. (P= 10,26%, AM=0,38, IM=3,75), Aproctella sp. (P= 6,41%, AM=0,08, IM=1,2), Syngamus sp. (P= 7,69%, AM=0,26, IM= 3,33), Lophosicyadiplostomum nephrocystis (P= 14,10%, AM=3,18, IM=22,54), Lutztrema sp. (P= 3,85%, AM=0,08, IM=2), Echinostoma sp. (P= 2,56%, AM=0,15, IM=6), Centrorhyncus spp. (P= 48,72%, AM=3,87, IM=7,95) e representantes da ordem Cyclophyllidea (P= 2,56%). Os ácaros nasais encontrados foram Ptilonyssus spinosus com 12,82% de prevalência, AM=1,13, IM=8,8, razão sexual 4:2, ♀/♂ e Sternostoma longisetosae, 5,13%, 0,13 e 2,5, respectivamente, todos os exemplares eram fêmeas. A associação parasitária entre essas duas espécies de ácaros foi observada em apenas uma ave. Este achado caracteriza o primeiro relato de P. spinosus e S. longisetosae em P. sulphuratus e amplia a distribuição geográfica destas espécies, sendo a primeira ocorrência de S. longisetosae na região neotropical e primeira citação de P. spinosus no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Pitangus sulphuratus caracteriza um novo hospedeiro para os helmintos Dispharynx nasuta, Acuaria mayori, Capillariinae, Eucoleus sp., Aproctella sp., Syngamus sp. (Nematoda), Lutztrema sp. e Echinostoma sp. (Trematoda). Amplia-se a área de conhecimento de ocorrência de A. mayori, e L. nephrocystis para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
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MELO, Francisco Tiago de Vasconcelos. "Análise taxonômica e molecular de Cestoda nematotaeniidae parasito de intestino delgado de Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) (Amphibia: Bufonidae) de Belém-Pa." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4740.
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PROCAD - Programa Nacional de Cooperação Acadêmica
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Os anfíbios da espécie Rhinella marina também conhecidos como Sapo-Cururu e possuem distribuição mundial. Possuem hábitos noturnos, e devido a sua alimentação bem diversificada vivem em diferentes habitats. Assim podem estar parasitados com uma variedade de helmintos. Dentre os helmintos, os cestodas são o objeto de estudo deste trabalho. Os membros da Família Nematotaennidae são comumente encontrados parasitando o intestino delgado de anfíbios e répteis. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e caracterizar morfologicamente e molecularmente um cestoda parasito de R. marina da cidade de Belém-PA. Para isso vinte hospedeiros foram capturados em domicílios da região metropolitana de Belém-PA e, após necropsia, os cestoda foram retirados do intestino delgado, alguns exemplares foram fixados em A.F.A, alguns fixados em Glutaraldeído a 2% em tampão cacodilato, e outros em álcool absoluto para serem processados para diferentes técnicas. Parte da amostra foi desidratada em uma série etanólica, corados com Carmin®, clarificados com Salicilato de Metila®. Alguns exemplares foram desidratados e incluídos em parafina para realização de cortes transversais e longitudinais. Os exemplares fixados em glutaraldeído foram desidratados e incluídos em Historesina®. Os cestoda também foram processados para microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura. A identificação foi realizada por meio de desenhos realizados no microscópio Olympus BX 41 com câmara clara, fotografias feitas em microscópio MEDILUX, com sistema de captura de imagem e MEV. Os Cortes histológicos longitudinais foram fotografados e com o Software RECONSTRUCTTM foi realizada a reconstrução tridimensional do corpo do parasito. Helmintos fixados em álcool absoluto foram submetidos a extração de DNA, amplificação gênica pela técnica de PCR e seqüenciamento de nucleotídeos. Os cestoda possuem um corpo cilíndrico, filiforme e indistintamente segmentado, exceto na porção posterior. Escólice com quatro ventosas sem rostéolo ou órgão apical, os proglotes grávidos apresentam duas cápsulas piriformes, que se fundem na base, contendo os ovos. A partir das observações por microscopia eletrônica e luz dos cestoda encontrados no intestino delgado de R. marina, observou-se que estes cestoda pertencem à Família Nematotaeniidae, no entanto os outros caracteres morfológicos e moleculares por nós encontrados não encaixam este cestóide em nenhum gênero desta Família.
The amphibians of the species Rhinella marina known also as Giant Toad and have cosmopolitan distribution. Posses nocturnes habits, due of variety of feeding they can live in different habitats. Then, they can have many kinds of helminthes parasites. Among the helminthes, the cestodas are the target of study of this work. The members of Nematotaeniidae Family are commonly found in small intestine of repitilian and amphibians. The frequent auto-infestation would justify the high taxes of parasitism in one host. The present study has the objective to identify and to characterize the Cestoda of Rhinella marina from Belém-PA. Twenty hosts were captured in homes of the metropolitan area of Belém-PA and, after necropsy the Cestoda were isolated of intestine, and some specimens were fixed in A.F.A (Glacial Acid Acetic 2%, Formaldehyde 3% and 95 % of Etanol 70º GL), and some worms fixed in 2% Glutaraldehyde in Cacodilate buffer 0,1m P.h 7,4, to process in different techniques. One part of the samples was dehydrated in Etanol Series, and stained with Carmim®, and clarified with Metil Salicilate®. Some specimens were dehydrated and included in Paraffin for acomplishement of longitudinal and tranverse cuts. The worms fixed in Glutaraldehyde were dehydrated and included in Historesin®. Some Cestoda were processed for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). An indentification was accomplished throught drawings in Olympus BX 41 microscope equipped with camera lucida, pictures were taken in a MEDILUX microscope, with image captures system and in MEV JEOL 5310. Histological sections were photographed and 3D reconstruction was made in RECONSTRUCTTM software. The cestoid possess a cylindrical body, filiform and with difficult segmentation, except in the final portion of the strobila. Escolex with four suckers without hooks or apical organ, the pregnant proglotis presents two piriform capsules, funded in the basis and containing one or more eggs. The observations in SEM and light microscopy of the cestoda founded in small intestine of R.marina from Belém-PA, we observed that these Cestoda belong to Nematotaeniidae Family, meanwhile the other morphologic characters observed did not permit us to classify this helminth in any Gender of this Family.
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Breidenbach, Carl R. "Phospholipid Dependency of Membrane-Associated Pyridine Nucleotide-Utilizing and Succinate Dehydrogenase Activities of Adult Hymenolepis Diminuta (Cestoda) and Ascaris Suum (Nematoda)." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1343921911.
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Marigo, Adji Mama. "Etude Ultrastructurale de la Spermiogenèse et du Spermatozoïde chez les Cestodes. Apports en Taxonomie et Phylogénie." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/109219.
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La présente Thèse constitue une contribution à la connaissance de l’ultrastructure de la spermiogenèse et du spermatozoïde chez les Cestodes. Nous y présentons de nouvelles données spermatologiques ultrastructurales d’espèces appartenant à six ordres différents : Acanthobothrium crassicolle Wedl, 1855 (Tetraphyllidea), Aporhynchus menezesi Noever et al., 2010 (Trypanorhyncha), Barsonella lafoni de Chambrier et al., 2009 (Proteocephalidea), Clestobothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi, 1819) (Bothriocephalidea), Echinobothrium euterpes (Neifar et al., 2001) (Diphyllidea) et Molluscotaenia crassiscolex (von Linstow, 1890) (Cyclophyllidea). Les résultats obtenus sur la spermiogenèse et le spermatozoïde sont comparés avec ceux de Cestodes déjà étudiés, spécialement avec ceux appartenant aux ordres objet de notre étude. Enfin, nous discutons sur l’utilité des différents caractères spermatologiques ultrastructuraux en Taxonomie, Systématique et Phylogénie.
L’étude spermatologique de Clestobothrium crassiceps constitue le premier travail fait sur le genre Clestobothrium et la onzième espèce de l’ordre Bothriocephalidea récemment créé. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés avec ceux des autres espèces de cet ordre, mais aussi avec ceux des Diphyllobothriidea, l’autre ordre créé à partir de l’ancien ordre des Pseudophyllidea. Concernant la spermiogenèse, les caractères les plus intéressants sont le type II de spermiogenèse et le corps intercentriolaire très réduit. On peut remarquer aussi le type II de spermatozoïde qui présente un anneau de microtubules corticaux, probablement une autapomorphie pour les Bothriocephalidea.
L’étude ultrastructurale du Diphyllidea Echinobothrium euterpes montre la formation de deux flagelles de longueur différente. Dans les stades avancés de la spermiogenèse, après la fusion proximodistale, l’axonème court disparaît pour donner naissance à un spermatozoïde présentant un seul axonème. La spermiogenèse est du type I et le spermatozoïde correspond au type IV. Autres caractères intéressants chez les Diphyllidea sont la forte réduction ou absence de microtubules corticaux et la présence de masses denses associées aux centrioles dans la zone de différentiation. Ce dernier caractère peut être une synapomorphie pour les espèces de cet ordre.
Aporhynchus menezesi présente un type I de spermiogenèse et un type I de spermatozoïde. Notre étude apporte les premières données chez la superfamille des Gymnorhynchoidea. Nous confirmons chez les Trypanorhyncha l’absence de corps en crête et la présence d’un arc de microtubules corticaux dans le spermatozoïde.
L’étude de Acanthobothrium crassicolle est le troisième dans ce genre et confirme le type I de spermiogenèse et le type II de spermatozoïde. Ce type de spermatozoïde constitue la plus importante différence entre les onchobothriidés et les phyllobothriidés. Nous confirmons aussi la présence d’un arc de microtubules corticaux. Cependant, il est observé une hétérogénéité au niveau du corps intercentriolaire chez les Tetraphyllidea-Onchobothriidae.
Barsonella lafoni est la septième espèce de l’ordre Proteocephalidea dont l’ultrastructure du spermatozoïde est analysée. Elle montre le patron I pour la spermiogenèse et aussi pour le spermatozoïde. Ces résultats sont concordants avec ceux des autres espèces étudiées, sauf Sandonella sandoni. Un corps intercentriolaire réduit et un arc de microtubules corticaux sont des caractères constamment présents chez les proteocephalidés étudiés. Chez B. lafoni nous avons décrit pour la première fois la présence d’un matériel dense aux électrons dans la zone de différentiation pendant les stades initiaux de la spermiogenèse. Il s’agit d’un caractère typique des ordres basaux des Eucestoda.
Finalement, Molluscotaenia crassiscolex suit le type IV de spermiogenèse et son spermatozoïde est du type VI. Ces deux patrons coïncident chez les autres dilepididés étudiés. La morphologie particulière du corps en crête est le caractère le plus intéressant. Il est partiellement détaché dans sa partie moyenne. Nos résultats sont comparés avec les Dilepididae s.l.The present Thesis constitutes a contribution to the knowledge of ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of cestodes. New spermatological data concerning species belonging to six orders of Eucestoda are presented. These species are Clestobothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi, 1819) (Bothriocephalidea), Echinobothrium euterpes (Neifar et al., 2001) (Diphyllidea), Aporhynchus menezesi Noever et al., 2010 (Trypanorhyncha), Acanthobothrium crassicolle Wedl, 1855 (Tetraphyllidea), Barsonella lafoni de Chambrier et al., 2009 (Proteocephalidea), and Molluscotaenia crassiscolex (von Linstow, 1890) (Cyclophyllidea). The obtained results on spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon are compared with the available data on the remaining eucestodes, particularly with the orders discussed in the present study. Moreover, the usefulness of different spermatological characters for Taxonomy, Systematics and Phylogeny is discussed.
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Markoski, Melissa Medeiros. "Estudo do desenvolvimento in vitro de Mesocestoides corti (Platyhelminthes : Cestoda) : 1. análise do efeito de drogas anti-helmínticas; 2. estabelecimento de linhagens celulares." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15472.
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Mesocestoides corti é um platelminto endoparasita pertencente à classe Cestoda. Devido a sua capacidade de reprodução assexual in vivo, em hospedeiros experimentais, e in vitro, em condições apropriadas de cultura, é considerado um bom modelo para diversos estudos sobre a biologia de cestódeos. O desenvolvimento da fase larval na forma adulta de M. corti foi previamente padronizado in vitro pelo nosso grupo. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivos principais o estudo, em nível morfológico, das modificações teciduais, que ocorrem durante o desenvolvimento de tetratirídeo a adulto in vitro, e a análise do efeito da exposição destes tecidos e fases a drogas anti-helmínticas de amplo espectro. Visando, futuramente, estudar o efeito de drogas antihelmínticas sobre morfologia e mecanismos celulares, o trabalho também aborda o estabelecimento de culturas celulares primárias a partir de diferentes fases do desenvolvimento in vitro de M. corti. Foi verificado por microscopia confocal que, durante o processo de estrobilização (desenvolvimento da larva na fase adulta) in vitro, houve grande rearranjo da arquitetura corporal principalmente no tegumento, sistema muscular e formação dos órgãos sexuais. Estes tecidos são severamente atingidos pela ação de praziquantel e albendazol. Foi observado que vermes estrobilados foram os mais afetados por ação das drogas. Culturas celulares foram estabelecidas a partir da fase adulta e larval do parasito, cujas células dispõem-se em diferentes subpopulações com tamanhos variando de 2 a 7m, proliferativas e metabolicamente ativas sintetizando matriz extracelular. Parte da matriz extracelular sintetizada foi caracterizada onde foi constatada a presença de carboidratos neutros e carregados, GAGs e proteínas. Este trabalho contribuiu para um melhor entendimento da dinâmica das alterações morfológicas de M. corti, modelo para platelmintos parasitos, e abre a possibilidade de estudos mais detalhados da arquitetura corporal frente à exposição a drogas anti-helmínticas e estudos focalizados, do efeito destas drogas em nível celular, através do estabelecimento das culturas celulares.Mesocestoides corti is an endoparasitic flatworm belonging to the Cestoda class. Due to the in vivo asexual reproduction capability, in experimental hosts, and in vitro, in appropriated culture conditions, M. corti is considered a good model to many studies of the cestode biology. The M. corti in vitro development of larva in adult worm was standardized by our group. Thus, this work has as main objectives the morphologic study of the tissue changes that occur during the tetrathyridium to adult in vitro development and the exposition of these tissues and life phases to broad-spectrum antihelminthic drugs. With the future aim of study antihelminthic drug effect on cell morphology and physiology, the work also shows the establishment of primary cultures of cells from different in vitro developmental stages of M. corti. Using laser-scanning confocal microscopy, we demonstrated that there were body architecture rearrangements during the in vitro development occurring strongly in tegument, muscle system and sexual organs. These tissues are severely damaged by antihelminthic drugs as praziquantel and albendazole. During development, the adult stage is the most damaged by the drug action. Cell cultures were established from the parasite adult and larval phases, which were distributed in different subpopulations having diameters varying between 2 and 7m. Cultured cells are proliferative and metabolic actives, with synthesis of extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix composition was preliminarily determined and it was shown that neutral and charged carbohydrates, GAGs and proteins were present. Thus, this work contributed to a better comprehension about the morphological rearrangement dynamics of M. corti, a flatworm model, and makes possible a more detailed study of the body architecture on antihelminthic drug exposition. As well as, this work will allow focused studies of the drug effect at cellular level favoured by cell culture establishment from a parasite.
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Gomes, Sâmara Nunes. "Helmintofauna parasitária de Dasypus novemcinctus (Xenarthra: Dasypodidae) no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2345.
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Previous issue date: 2010-10-08Armadillos belong to the order Cingulata and are included in the superorder Xenarthra, which also belong to sloths and anteaters, hairy members of the order, which were restricted to the Neotropical region, occurring mainly in South America. Popularly known as nine banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus occurs in the southern United States to South America, with wide distribution in Brazil. They are of great importance in the epidemiology of parasitc diseases, and potential disseminators of zoonoses. Since knowledge of helminths is important because it may assist in making decisions on future actions preservationists, as well as parasite control programs in these animals in captivity in zoos, therefore, the objective was to identify the helminths that parasitize Dasypus novemcinctus, in southern Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment consisted of examining 30 specimens of D. novemcinctus from the municipalities of Arambaré, Camaquã, Cristal, São Lourenço do Sul, Capão do Leão e Pinheiro Machado, taken with the permission of SISBIO / RS and trampled on the access roads to these towns. The animals were necropsied, had their organs removed, individually and separately analyzed by stereomicroscope to collect helminths. Parasites of the phylum Nematoda were identified as Bairdascaris dasypodina, Schneidernema retusa, Aspidodera ansirupa, A. binansata, A. fasciata, Physaloptera sp., Dipetalonema sp., Capillaria sp., Moennigia lutzi, M. Moennigi and M. filamentosus. Most nematodes were found in the small intestine, except for aspidoderids and S. retusa, which were present in the cecum. The cestode found was Mathevotaenia sp. and the acanthocephalan, Centrorhynchus sp. parasitizing both the small intestine. All nematodes are being cited for the first time in this host, in Rio Grande do Sul and cestode and acanthocephalan parasite have their first record in Dasypus novemcinctus in Brazil.
Os tatus pertencem à ordem Cingulata e estão incluídos na superordem Xenarthra, à qual pertencem também as preguiças e os tamanduás, membros da ordem Pilosa, sendo restritos à região Neotropical e ocorrem predominantemente na América do Sul. Conhecido popularmente como tatu-galinha, Dasypus novemcinctus ocorre do sul dos Estados Unidos até a América do Sul, com ampla distribuição no Brasil. São de grande importância na epidemiologia de doenças parasitárias, sendo possíveis disseminadores de zoonoses. O conhecimento dos helmintos é importante, pois poderá auxiliar na tomada de decisões em ações preservacionistas, como em programas de controle parasitário destes animais quando em cativeiro nos zoológicos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os helmintos que parasitam Dasypus novemcinctus, no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento constou do exame de 30 espécimes de D. novemcinctus provenientes dos municípios de Arambaré, Camaquã, Cristal, São Lourenço do Sul, Pelotas, Capão do Leão e Pinheiro Machado, capturados mediante a autorização do SISBIO/RS bem como atropelados nas rodovias de acesso a esses municípios. Os animais foram necropsiados, tiveram seus órgãos retirados, individualizados e analisados separadamente ao estereomicroscópio para a coleta de helmintos. Os parasitos do Filo Nematoda foram: Bairdascaris dasypodina, Schneidernema retusa, Aspidodera ansirupa, A. binansata, A. fasciata, Physaloptera sp., Dipetalonema sp., Capillaria sp., Moennigia lutzi, M. moennigi e M. filamentosus. A maioria dos nematóides foi encontrada no intestino delgado, com exceção dos aspidoderídeos e de S. retusa, que estavam presentes no ceco. Da Classe Cestoda foi encontrado Mathevotaenia sp. e do Filo Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchus sp., ambos parasitando o intestino delgado. Todos os nematóides estão sendo citados pela primeira vez, neste hospedeiro, no Rio Grande do Sul e o cestóide e o acantocéfalo têm seu primeiro registro parasitando Dasypus novemcinctus no Brasil.
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Shuler, Elizabeth. "The effects of flavonoids on mitochondrial membrane-associated reduced pyridine nucleotide-utilizing systems of adult Hymenolepis diminuta (cestoda) and Ascaris suum (nematoda)." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1367950138.
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Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da. "Reatividade específica e cruzada de antígenos de Echinococcus granulosus e Taenia crassiceps utilizando amostras de pacientes com hidatidose e neurocisticercose." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-11102017-181551/.
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Os estudos de reatividade dos antígenos de líquido hidático de Echinococcus granulosus (Ag LH-Eg) e de líquido vesicular de Taenia crassiceps (Ag LV-Tcra) foram feitos com anticorpos monoclonais (AcMos) anti-E. granulosus e anti-T. crassiceps e amostras humanas por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) e immunoblot. O SDS-PAGE mostrou um padrão complexo de proteínas entre 97- e 8-kDa do LH-Eg e 97- e 14-kDa do LV-Tcra. A caracterização dos antígenos com os AcMos por ELISA mostrou que todos os AcMoss anti-E . granulosus reagiram com o antígeno LH-Eg e um deles cruzada mente com o antígeno LV-Tcra. Um dos dois AcMo anti-T . crassiceps reagiu também com o LH-¬Eg. A reatividade do LH-Eg com amostras humanas apresentaram melhores resultados com o cut off média mais dois devios-padrão (M+2DP) e na diluição 1:250. As amostras de hidatidose (Hi) mostraram reatividade máxima (100%) nessa diluição. As amostras neurocisticercose (NC) ensaiadas por ELlSA-LH-Eg, apresentaram reatividade cruzada de 66,5%, teníase (T) 46%, controle negativo (CN) 4% e outras parasitoses (OP) 84,5%. O ELlSA-LV-Tcra mostrou 100% de reatividade com as amostras NC na diluição 1 :50 pelo cut off TgRoc. Com as amostras hidatidose, teníase, outras parasitoses e controle negativo a reatividade foi de 73,5; 61,5; 69 e 2%, respectivamente. Todos os AcMos anti-LH-Eg reconheceram as frações 79-,67- e 8-kDa do Ag LH-Eg e as de 24- e 16-kDa pelo AcMo anti¬-antígeno rAgB. No immunoblot, as amostras humanas reconheceram as frações 79-, 67-, 57-, 43-, 38-kDa e também as específicas (24-, 16-e 8-kDa) para o diagnóstico da hidatidose. As frações responsáveis pela reatividade cruzada foram 79-, 67-e 57¬kDa. Nossos estudos mostraram que é necessária uma melhor abordagem incluindo em estudos futuros a obtenção de antígenos recombinantes, específicos de cada um dos parasitos.Studies to evaluate the reactivity of the hydatic liquid antigens of Echinococcus granulosus (Ag LH-Eg) and of the vesicular liquid antigens of Taenia crassiceps (Ag LV-Tcra) were conducted using anti-E. granulosus and anti-T . crassiceps monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), and human sample, through SDS-PAGE, ELISA and immunoblot tests. The SDS-PAGE showed a complex standard of proteins from 97¬to 8-kDa of the LH-Eg and from 97-to 14-kDa of the LV-Tcra. The characterization of antigens with the MoAbs through ELISA showed that ali the anti-E . granulosus MoAbs reacted with the LH-Eg antigen and one of them cross-reacted with the LV¬-Tcra antigen. One of the two anti-T. crassiceps MoAb also reacted with the LH-Eg antigen. The reactivity of the LH-Eg with human samples presented better results with the cut off value representing the mean value plus two standard deviations (M+2DP) and with a dilution of 1:250. The hydatidosis samples (Hi) showed maximum reactivity (100%) with this dilution. When evaluated by the ELlSA-LH-Eg, the neurocysticercosis samples (NC) showed cross-reactivity of 66,5%, the taeniasis (T) showed 46%, the negative control (CN) of 4% and 84,5% for other parasitoses (OP). The NC samples, diluted at 1:50, showed 100% of reactivity in ELlSA-LV-Tcra test with the TgRoc cut off value. Concerning the samples of hydatidosis, taeniasis, other parasitoses and the negative control, reactivity was 73,5; 61,5; 69 and 2%, respectively. Ali the anti-LH-Eg MoAbs recognized the fractions 79- and 67-kDa of the Ag LH-Eg and the 24-and 16-kDa through the rAgB anti-antigen MoAb. By immunoblot, the human samples recognized the fractions 79-, 67-, 57-, 43-, 38-kDa and also the specific ones (24-, 16-and 8-kDa) for diagnosing hydatidosis. The fractions, responsible for the cross-reactivity, were 79-, 67-and 57-kDa. Our study showed that further approaches are needed and should include the obtaining of recombinant antigens, specific for each parasite.
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Silva, Lidiane Aparecida Firmino da. "Helmintos parasitas de Ameivula pyrrhogularis (Squamata Teiidae) na caatinga, Brasil /." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153498.
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Orientador: Robson Waldemar ÁvilaResumo: A Caatinga é um ecossistema a ser investigado, pois apresenta distintos ambientes e uma fauna endêmica de lagartos. Ameivula pyrrhogularis é um teídeo encontrado no Nordeste, na zona de transição entre Caatinga, Cerrado e floresta estacional decidual e, até o presente momento, nenhum estudo parasitológico foi conduzido para esta espécie. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo registrar o parasitismo em A. pyrrhogularis procedentes de quatro áreas do Ceará. É apresentado um inventário das espécies de helmintos, o qual foi constituído de nove taxa: Oochoristica travassosi (Cestoda), cistacantos (Acanthocephala), larvas de nematoide não identificadas, Cruzia sp., Oswaldofilaria sp., Physaloptera sp. e espécimes adultos de Parapharyngodon sp., Pharyngodon cesarpintoi e Physalopteroides venancioi (Nematoda). Para estes parasitas, foram verificados os parâmetros de infecção, trazendo a informação dos hospedeiros em que estas espécies já foram registradas. Foi observado que fatores biológicos (ontogenia, tamanho e sexo) do hospedeiro não influenciaram a abundância parasitária, mas significativas diferenças foram constadas de acordo com as estações e localidade analisadas, sendo que as maiores abundâncias de parasitas foram registradas em período de estiagem e em área conservada, indicando que os helmintos podem ser favorecidos em seus ciclos biológicos pela condição ambiental. Foi caracterizada a dieta de A. pyrrhogularis e demonstrado que a mesma sofre influencia espacial, o que re... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Caatinga is a Brazilian ecosystem still to be investigated due to its different environments and an endemic fauna of lizards. Ameivula pyrrhogularis belongs to the Teiidae and is found in the Northeast of Brazil, in the transition area between Caatinga, Cerrado, and temporary deciduous forest. To date, any parasitological study has been performed for this species. This research aimed to record the parasitism in A. pyrrhogularis from four areas of Ceará State, Brazil. An inventory of the helminth species is presented, which was composed by nine taxa: Oochoristica travassosi (Cestoda), cystacanths (Acanthocephala), larvae of unidentified nematode, Cruzia sp., Oswaldofilaria sp., Physaloptera sp., and adult specimens of Parapharyngodon sp., Pharyngodon cesarpintoi, and Physalopteroides venancioi (Nematoda). Infection parameters were verified for these parasites, bringing information on the hosts in which these species have already been registered. It was observed that biological factors (ontogeny, size, and sex) of the hosts did not influence the parasite abundance, but significant differences were recorded according to stations and locations, with the greatest parasite abundance reported in the dry season, indicating that the helminths can be favored in their biological cycles by environmental conditions. The diet of A. pyrrhogularis was characterized and showed that it is spatially influenced, which reflects the availability of prey. Moreover, it is suggested that food ite... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Allan, James Campbell. "Coproantigens in intestinal cestode infections." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304794.
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Nichol, Claire Patricia. "Host-parasite interactions of larval cestode infections." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/30579.
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Čonková, Anna. "Zimnou cestou." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Divadelní fakulta. Knihovna, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-202432.
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The thesis is focused on reflection of the rehearsal process of the play Winter journey from Elfriede Jelinek performed in Theatre of Žilina. The introduction describes the starting points - the life of the author and the play itself. Furthermore it deals with the process - reading rehearsals, blocking rehearsals, setting of stage scenes, verifying the functionality of individual elements and scenes, polishing and the final version. The work also explores concept of performer and different meanings of it.
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Judson, D. G. "Cestode lymphocyte mitogens and the immunology of naturally acquired hydatidosis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356274.
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Volavá, Zuzana. "Herectví: cesta k sobě, cesta k postavě." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Divadelní fakulta. Knihovna, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-177958.
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This Thesis describes my journey towards the theatre and personal and professional developement during my studies of classic theatre acting at the Academy of Performing Arts. I worked with my experience, to compile experience in overcoming obstacles to study specific roles. I touched upon the problem of how to combine internal and external components of actors in confrontation with feedback, defining rules and common objectives of acting. What are the risks, blocks and distractions of how to create and how to fight them? What the acting world does with personality? The goal of this Thesis, after 4 years of study and practice in the theater DISK, is to find out what I could consciously bring into the theater, how it has an effect on me and how I understand the sense of drama and entertainment practice.
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Kočner, Karel. "Cestou divadelnosti Playback Theatre." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Divadelní fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-96783.
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Playback theatre (abbreviated below as PT) was developed by Jonathan Fox and his
wife Jo Salas in 1975. The Original Playback Theatre Company was established in
the same year. Since that time, the PT has been practiced in over 50 countries all
over the world.
PT is improvisational theatre approach, in which is never known how the
performance will look like and how it will be fulfilled. PT enforce learning to
spontaneity of expression in the code of conscious inspired creative developing of
unknown situation and existing in it on the stage in the same way as during Acting
with the Inner Partner(s) lessons. PT performances are developed in certain structure
and have stable course. That is how PT is enforced as ritual scheme, which has
purgative ability and artistic power able to gather people together and teach them
reciprocity, sharing and coexistence.
Basic principal of PT is storytelling of private stories, events or life experiences as
emotions, fantasies, dreams or ideas and sharing them by all participating. These are
thereupon improvisationally played back to so called teller by a group of actors on the
stage. That is how those stories are upraised on a higher level of theatre pieces.
Whether is story anyhow simple, difficult, deep, trivial, lightweight or serious, it must
be always foremost and it also must be played from this point of view.
It is not purpose to make fun primarily with it, but to use collective moment, in which
we learn to listen one to another. We also learn to respect others and their personal
experiences and their understanding the world. PT actors are not in the center of
public attention as during classical type of theatre performances, but they serve
straightly to audience´s stories. They enact them with humility and respect with
purpose of feast event experience.
This discipline interests me by its universality of being used in different types of
environment, by its richness of inspiration, by its education potentiality and by its
artistic value.
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Rishi, Arun Kumar. "Molecular biology studies of taeniid cestodes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46314.
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Slámová, Veronika. "Cesta/performance." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232335.
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Between 1. 8. 2011 and 14. 8. 2011, from the center of Prague to the South, following the Moldau river, the Journey/Performance took place. The journey without specified destination. The participants were two artists Veronika Slámová, who initiated the trip, and Darina Alster. They took with them hand made pushcart, designed by Jan Jaroslav Sterec, in which they had hand made costumes, basic food and camping necessities. The aim of the Journey/Performance was to break free from everyday life and stereotypes, to find new experience, to travel without plans, mobiles, money, time and other modern utilities. Veronika Slámová and Darina Alster tried to find out if people are willing to help unknown artist/pilgrims. During the Journey/Performance the spontaneous performances took place based on the location, participants and situation. People were enthusiastic and serious about their parts in these performances. If artists needed help with or without asking people offered it to them, sometimes they had to refuse these offers. The journey was documented by using the photographs, video and text. Part of the journey was broadcasted live in internet radio Applaus.
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Haštabová, Jana. "Rozvoj malé firmy cestou diverzifikace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221698.
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This graduation thesis characterizes the development of a small company PZK servis,s.r.o. (Ltd.) from Příbor through diversification. Describes its business, marketing, organizational, financial and time processes and analyzes possible risks of the business plan.
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Bouzid, Lamine Wafa. "Structure génétique de Ligula intestinalis (Cestode : Diphyllobothriidea), parasite des poissons d'eau douce." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/296/.
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Les parasites présentant une large distribution géographique et un cycle de vie complexe offrent une rare occasion pour l'étude des mécanismes de spéciation et d'évolution. Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda, Diphyllobothriidea) présente une large distribution géographique et évolue dans un cycle de vie à plusieurs hôtes. Les études montrent que le spectre d'hôte varie en fonction des populations étudiées et qu'il existe des différences de pathologie entre des espèces hôtes vivant en sympatrie. En outre, le tableau de L. Intestinalis est d'autant plus complexe du fait de la paraphylie de cette espèce avec les espèces Ligula colymbi et Digramma interrupta. Le but de cette étude est de comprendre l'origine des différences écobiologiques et des discordances phylogénétiques et de tester l'hypothèse de l'existence de différentes lignées/espèces de ce parasite. Pour ce faire, nous avons analysé la phylogénie et la structure génétique de plérocercoides de ligules appartenant à différentes espèces hôtes et régions géographiques à large échelle. Les résultats basés sur les séquences génomiques montrent l'existence de différents patrons évolutifs: A l'échelle locale, une structure génétique plate a été trouvée et est vraisemblablement due à la migration de l'hôte définitif empêchant la formation d'entités génétiques différentes. A contrario, à large échelle des groupes génétiquement distants et bien isolés sont présents montrant une forte correspondance entre la structuration génétique et l'isolement géographique. De plus, une structuration liée à l'espèce hôte est également observée. Les spécimens de ligules identifiés comme des individus de l'espèce L. Colymbi se répartissent dans différents clades de L. Intestinalis tandis que les individus de Digramma montrent une différentiation claire du reste des individus de Ligula. Cependant, leur clade monophylétique apparaît au sein des spécimens de L. Colymbi et L. Intestinalis. Ainsi le genre Digramma devra être reconsidéréParasite species with global distribution and complex life cycle offer a rare opportunity to study mechanisms of speciation and evolution. Ligula intestinalis (L. ) (Cestoda, Diphyllobothriidea) has a widespread distribution and a life cycle with several hosts Available records indicate that the host spectra used by this species is not uniform across the investigated populations and show differences in the pathology between sympatric cyprinid species. Furthermore, complication of L. Intestinalis picture stems from the indication that this species may be paraphyletic with the species Ligula colymbi and Digramma interrupta. The aim of this study was to understand the origin of eco-biological differences and phylogenetic discrepancies and to test the hypothesis of the existence of several strains/species. . For this purpose, phylogeny and genetic structure have been analyzed for Ligula plerocercoids native to different host species and geographic regions at a global scale. Data based on genomic sequences and hypervariable markers show different evolutionary patterns: At a local scale, a flat genetic structure was found and is most likely due to bird migration preventing the creation of different genetic strains/species. In contrast, at a global scale, genetically distant and well separated clusters are present, indicating a conspicuous correspondence between genetics and geography. Beside geography, obvious host-specific-based structures are found. Ligula specimens identified as L. Colymbi are partitioned in separate clades of L. Intestinalis thus questions the reliability of species identification primarily based on definitive host species when morphological characters are inconclusive. Samples of Digramma show a clear differentiation from the analysed Ligula specimens. However, their monophyletic clade appears within Ligula specimens indicating that D. Interrupta may well represent a valid species of the genus Ligula rather than of Digramma
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Bobreková, Anna. "Dvojí cesta Královny." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Filmová a televizní fakulta. Knihovna, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-263493.
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This study focuses on structural analysis of narrative of the double journey film The Queen according to three types of structuring - classical three act structure, sequence approach and the hero's journey. Each of those methods is examining the story with regard to the fact that the film has two protagonists. It is also taking into consideration the possibility of adjusting these model structures to fit this particular story. The study concludes that each of those methods can be beneficial if used in service of the chosen theme.
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Bulisová, Lenka. "Cesta na Hostýn." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216187.
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Hammerschmidt, Katrin. "Host parasite interactions in a cestode with a complex life cycle, Schistocephalus solidus." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://e-diss.uni-kiel.de/diss_1678/d1678.pdf.
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Wright, M. Elizabeth. "Life history ecology of the cestode Diphyllobothrium dendriticum in copepod and fish hosts." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36854.
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Arctic charr are susceptible to cestodes like Diphyllobothrium dendriticum which are transmitted through the food web. Field studies investigating Arctic charr-Diphyllobothrium relationships often provide little data from which to fully understand Diphyllobothrium transmission or to assess their impact on copepod or fish hosts. Experimental studies may, therefore, be the only direct way to investigate these issues. The research goal of this thesis was to duplicate the D. dendriticum life cycle in the laboratory to investigate parasite development and host specificity, and to apply the experimental data to natural situations. Results indicated that at 10°C, D. dendriticum eggs develop slowly and 65 days are required for complete embryonation. In many Canadian Arctic lakes water temperatures rarely exceed 4°C, and this study has shown that at this temperature embryonation requires several months, necessitating more than one ice-free season for life cycle completion. The results also showed that embryos developed more rapidly and significantly more eggs hatched when incubated with light or aeration, results that were consistent for D. dendriticum originating from Canada and Norway. To continue the life cycle, coracidia must be consumed by suitable copepod hosts. This study showed that although D. dendriticum will infect the European copepods Cyclops scutifer and Eudiaptomus graciloides, prevalence was higher and procercoids developed more rapidly in E. graciloides. These results showed that E. graciloides is a better host for D. dendriticum than is C. scutifer, contradicting published literature. In North America, E. graciloides is not found in lakes containing D. dendriticum and no North American calanoid species have been tested to determine their host suitability to this cestode. This study identified two North American species, Diaptomus minutus and D. leptopus, which are suitable laboratory hosts. D. minutus is almost certainly a natural host for D. den
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Melichar, Lukáš. "Reforma českého důchodového systému holandskou cestou." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150304.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is the detailed description and comparison of working of pension system in the Czech Republic with the system working in the Kingdom of the Netherland. Dutch pension system is considered one of the best pension systems in the world and that is why the diploma thesis contains also reflection if there would be the possibility to implement some elements into the Czech system. Partial aim of the thesis is the description of necessity of pension reform due to unfavourable demographic growth which brings higher pressure also on financial costs of pension systems. In addition to the comparison of how first pillars based on pay-as-you-go financing work is an important part of the thesis the comparison of private pension savings in the Netherland with currently introduced system of private pensions in the Czech Republic. For the clear arrangement is at the end of chapters short summary and final chapter contains the global comparison of both systems including the description of profitability and expensiveness, positives and negatives.
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Kozák, Roman. "Filmová cesta Igora Chauna." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Filmová a televizní fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-78764.
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Analysisses of Chaun´s movies with spiritual theme combinated with passages from his personal texts. Their chronological arrangement should create integral edea about what it means Irog Chaun´s "spiritual path" and how it is expressed through his movies.
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Marfil, Atienza Juan De Dios. "Chihiro a cesta Hrdiny." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Filmová a televizní fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-79068.
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An analysis of the film ?Spirited Away? by Hayao Miyazaki which uses Carol Pearson's archetypes as its theoretical framework. The essay attempts a definition of the different relations forged by and between the characters of the story. It also tries to understand how Chihiro interacts with her environment. This analysis aims at interpreting Chihiro's experiences through the different stages of the "Heroe's journey".
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Tichý, Miloslav. "Cesta k herecké pravdě." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze. Divadelní fakulta AMU. Knihovna, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-96864.
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The actor´s truth or the actor´s truthfulness. How can I reach it? What I have to do to avoid false intonating? What should I do to realize what I am saying, what I am playing, what I should feel, how I should move, what I want, who I am and where I am? I´m trying to answer all these questions, because it is the actor´s truth, what attracts me, interests me and fills me up. In my master thesis I describe my attitude to a role that brings me closer to the actor´s truthfulness. I result from my professors, who taught me and influenced me for four years on the theatre faculty, and also from the book ?The Actor and the Target?, written by Declan Donnellan. (1) ?We are not here to get things either right or wrong. We are here to do our best.?