Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cetane improver

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cetane improver'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Cetane improver"

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Du, Jia Yi, Wei Xun Zhang, Deng Pan Zhang, and Zhen Yu Sun. "Effect of Cetane Number Improver on Emission Characteristics of Methanol/Diesel Blend Fuel." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1888.

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The influence of cetane number improver on emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with methanol/diesel blend fuel was investigated. Methanol/diesel blend fuel was prepared, in which the methanol content is 10%, different mass fraction (0%，0.5%) of cetane number improver were added to the blend fuel. Load characteristic experiments at maximum torque speed of the engine were carried out on 4B26 direct injection diesel engine. The results show that, compared with the engine fueled with diesel, the CO emission increases under low loads and reduces under medium and high loads, the HC emission increases, the NOx emission decreases under medium and low loads and increases under high loads, the soot emission reduces significantly when the diesel engine fueled with blends. When cetane number improver was added to blends, the CO and NOx emission reduces, the HC emission decreases, the soot emission increases to some extent compared with the methanol/dieselblend fuel without cetane number improver.
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Abdullah, Abdullah, D. R. Wicakso, A. B. Junaidi, and Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari. "PRODUCTION OF CETANE IMPROVER FROM Jathropa curcas OIL." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 10, no. 3 (2010): 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21449.

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Nitration of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil using mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4 had been done in an attempt to obtain a cetane improver or cetane number enhancer. The nitration was carried out by varying the numbers of moles of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, temperature and time. The process was conducted in a round bottom flask reactor that equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a ball cooler on a water batch. The mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 was placed in the reactor and subsequently added slowly with biodiesel drop by drop. The results showed that increasing the mole numbers of sulphuric acid tends to reduce the yield or volume and total N of nitrated biodiesel. Increasing the number of moles of nitric acid tends to increase the yield, but decrease the value of total N. While increasing of temperature and reaction time tends to reduce the yield and total N. From FTIR spectra product was estimated as a mixture of esters of alkyl nitrates and nitro. From the testing of cetane number it can be predicted that nitrated biodiesel potentially as cetane improver.
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Kobori, S., T. Kamimoto, and A. A. Aradi. "A study of ignition delay of diesel fuel sprays." International Journal of Engine Research 1, no. 1 (2000): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/1468087001545245.

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Diesel fuel ignition delay times were characterized in a rapid compression machine (RCM) using cylinder ambient gas temperature and pressure measurements as diagnostics. The objective of the study was to investigate the dependency of ignition delay time on: (a) cylinder ambient gas temperature, (b) cylinder ambient gas pressure, (c) injection pressure, (d) injector nozzle orifice diameter, (e) base fuel cetane number and (f) 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN) cetane improver additive. The results presented here show that diesel ignition delay times can be shortened by increasing cylinder gas ambient temperatures and pressures, injection pressures and base fuel cetane number, either through blend components or by addition of cetane improver. Decreasing the injector nozzle orifice diameter also decreases the ignition delay time. It was also found that ignition chemistry is rate controlled by the molar concentration of the cylinder gas oxygen.
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Abdullah, Triyono, W. Trisunaryanti, and W. Haryadi. "Purification of Methyl Ricinoleate on Producing of Cetane Improver." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 824 (April 18, 2017): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/824/1/012018.

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Paneerselvam, Purushothaman, Gnanamoorthi Venkadesan, Mebin Samuel Panithasan, Gurusamy Alaganathan, Sławomir Wierzbicki, and Maciej Mikulski. "Evaluating the Influence of Cetane Improver Additives on the Outcomes of a Diesel Engine Characteristics Fueled with Peppermint Oil Diesel Blend." Energies 14, no. 10 (2021): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102786.

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This paper aims to evaluate the impact of cetane improvers on the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine fueled with a 20% peppermint bio-oil/diesel blend (P20). It is hypothesized that the low viscosity and boiling point of peppermint oil could improve the atomization characteristics of the fuel. However, the usage of peppermint oil is restricted due to its low cetane index. To improve this, Diethyl Ether (DEE) and Di- tertiary Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) are added to the P20 blend. The tests are performed in a single-cylinder naturally aspirated water-cooled diesel engine and results indicate that NOx emission for P20 + DEE and P20 + DTBP is decreased by 10.4% and 9.8%, respectively, when compared to P20 at full load condition. Among these two cetane improvers, DTBP is more effective in reducing the CO, HC and smoke emission and the performance of the engine was reported to be higher for P20 + DTBP blends.
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Suppes, G. J., Zhi Chen, Ying Rui, M. Mason, and J. A. Heppert. "Synthesis and cetane improver performance of fatty acid glycol nitrates." Fuel 78, no. 1 (1999): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-2361(98)00126-4.

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SUZUKI, Yuya, Kazuyo FUSHIMI, Takeshi OTAKA, and Eiji KINOSHITA. "3C3 Diesel Combustion of Bunker A with Cetane Number Improver." Proceedings of Conference of Kyushu Branch 2014 (2014): _3C3–1_—_3C3–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekyushu.2014._3c3-1_.

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NAGASHIGE, Toshiki, Kazuyo FUSHIMI, Eiji KINOSHITA, Yasufumi YOSHIMOTO, and Yasuhito NAKATAKE. "0511 Diesel Combustion of Emulsified Biodiesel with Cetane Number Improver." Proceedings of Conference of Hokuriku-Shinetsu Branch 2013.50 (2013): 051101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehs.2013.50.051101.

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Ladommatos, Nicos, Mohammad Parsi, and Angela Knowles. "The effect of fuel cetane improver on diesel pollutant emissions." Fuel 75, no. 1 (1996): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(94)00223-1.

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Candan, Feyyaz, Murat Ciniviz, and Ilker Ors. "Effect of cetane improver addition into diesel fuel: Methanol mixtures on performance and emissions at different injection pressures." Thermal Science 21, no. 1 Part B (2017): 555–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160430265c.

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In this study, methanol in ratios of 5-10-15% were incorporated into diesel fuel with the aim of reducing harmful exhaust gasses of Diesel engine, di-tertbutyl peroxide as cetane improver in a ratio of 1% was added into mixture fuels in order to reduce negative effects of methanol on engine performance parameters, and isobutanol of a ratio of 1% was used as additive for preventing phase separation of all mixtures. As results of experiments conducted on a single cylinder and direct injection Diesel engine, methanol caused the increase of NOx emission while reducing CO, HC, CO2, and smoke opacity emissions. It also reduced torque and power values, and increased brake specific fuel consumption values. Cetane improver increased torque and power values slightly compared to methanol-mixed fuels, and reduced brake specific fuel consumption values. It also affected exhaust emission values positively, excluding smoke opacity. Increase of injector injection pressure affected performances of methanol-mixed fuels positively. It also increased injection pressure and NOx emissions, while reducing other exhaust emissions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cetane improver"

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Tarvainis, Vytautas. "Cetano skaičių didinančio priedo įtaka rapsų aliejumi veikiančio dyzelinio variklio darbo ir deginių emisijos rodikliams." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140616_131426-15870.

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Aleksandro Stulginskio Universitete, Transporto ir Jėgos Mašinų Inžinerijos Institute, atliktais tyrimais nustatyta, kad vieno cilindro tiesioginio įpurškimo dyzelinis variklis (,,Oruva“ F1L511) maitinamas pagerintu, 0,08; 0,12; 0,20vol% cetaninį skaičių (CS) didinančiu priedu, rapsų aliejumi (RA), gali efektyviai veikti ir išskirti mažesnę, kai kurių emisijos komponentų dalį. Dyzelinio variklio išvystytas didžiausias efektyvusis slėgis siekė 0,57MPa, varikliui veikiant 2000 min-1 sūkių dažniu. Variklio minimaliosios lyginamosios efektyviosios degalų sąnaudos sumažėjo nuo 272g/kWh iki 268g/kWh tai yra 1,5% panaudojus 0,12vol% cetaninį skaičių didinantį priedą rapsų aliejuje. Deginių dūmingumas sumažėjo 45% vidutinės (pe=0,4MPa) ir 40% didžiausios (pe=0,57MPa) apkrovos srityje atitinkamai panaudojus 0,12vol% ir 0,20vol% cetaninį skaičių didinantį priedą rapsų aliejuje. Bandymų metu didžiausias ƞe=0,364 variklio efektyvusis naudingumo koeficientas buvo pasiektas variklį maitinant 0,12vol% cetaninį skaičių didinančiu priedu apdorotu rapsų aliejumi ir jam išvysčius 5,3 kW efektyviąją galią. Tačiau mažesnės ir didesnės variklio išvystomos efektyviosios galios srityse aukštesnis variklio efektyvusis naudingumas buvo bazinio rapsų aliejaus naudojimo atveju.<br>Studies conducted at Aleksandas Stulginskis University (ASU) of Transport and Power Machinery Engineering Institute showed that a single-cylinder, air-cooled, direct-injection diesel engine (" Oruva " F1L511 ) can be with rapeseed oil treated with 0.08vol%, 0.12vol% and 0.20vol% the cetane number (CN) improving agent. Diesel engine developed the maximum effective pressure of 0.57MPa when running at 2000 rpm speed. Using of 0.12vol% of the cetane number improving agent (2-ethylheksyl-nitrate) to rapeseed oil the brake specific fuel consumption reduced in the range 272 g/kWh to 268 g/kWh, i.e. 1.5% when running at moderate (pe=0.38MPa) load and 2000 rpm speed. As a result of 0.12vol% the smoke opacity decreased by 45% at moderate (pe=0.4MPa) and 40% at maximum (pe=0.57MPa) load. During the tests, the highest ƞe=0.364 effective efficiency engine was when running on rapeseed oil treated with 0.12vol% cetane improving agent developed at the power output of 5.3 kW.
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Diop, Adji Dieynaba. "Synthèse d'un additif procétane biosourcé par nitration : Modélisation et étude cinétique par calorimétrie réactionnelle." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR101.

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L’utilisation d’additifs procétanes est indispensable pour respecter la réglementation en matière de lutte contre la pollution liée au moteur diesel. Ces molécules actives sont destinées à augmenter les performances du carburant. Aujourd’hui, l’additif procétane le plus utilisé est le 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN), obtenu par nitration de l’iso-octanol (dérivé du pétrole). L’objectif de ce travail est de synthétiser un substitut biosourcé à l’EHN en réalisant la nitration d’un biodiesel. Cette étude sera complétée par une modélisation et une estimation des paramètres cinétiques et énergétiques associés à la réaction de synthèse. Ces paramètres sont déterminés grâce à une méthode inverse basée sur la reconstruction des profils de puissance mesurés par le RC1 en mode semi-batch. Afin de proposer un modèle fiable capable de reproduire de façon fine le comportement du milieu réactionnel, l’approche adoptée dans ce travail consiste à d’abord caractériser le milieu réactionnel. La caractérisation comporte une étude calorimétrique et une étude chimique qui permettent d’évaluer la stabilité thermique du milieu réactionnel, d’identifier les différentes espèces présentes dans le produit nitré et de déterminer leur sélectivité. Suite à la caractérisation, il a été possible de proposer un modèle chimique pour estimer les paramètres cinétiques de la réaction. La réaction de synthèse a été réalisée avec deux agents de nitration (le mélange sulfonitrique et le nitrate d’acétyle) sur une plage de température allant de 10 °C à 50 °C. Les performances des bioadditifs obtenus ont été évaluées grâce à un moteur CFR. La forte exothermicité de la réaction, combinée à l’instabilité de certains produits, conduit à effectuer une étude de sécurité de la réaction afin d’évaluer sa criticité<br>To fight against pollution related to diesel engines, several techniques are used. Among them, the use of cetane improver is essential to comply with regulations. These active molecules are intended to increase the performance of fuel. Today, the most used cetane improver is the 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN), obtained by nitration of iso-octanol (petroleum based raw material). The aim of this work is to synthesize a bio-based substitute to EHN by nitrating biodiesel. This study will be complemented by a modeling and an estimation of the kinetic and energetic parameters corresponding to the synthesis reaction.These parameters are obtained using an inverse method based on the reconstruction of power profiles measured by the reaction calorimeter (RC1). In order to propose a reliable model capable of reproducing the thermal behavior of the reaction medium, the approach adopted in this work was to begin by characterizing the reaction medium. The characterization involves a calorimetric and a chemical study that help to evaluate the thermal stability of the reaction medium, to identify the different species existing in the nitrated product and their selectivity. Following the characterization, it was possible topropose a chemical model ; which was used to estimate the reaction kinetic parameters. Two nitrating agents (mixing acid and acetyl nitrate) were used to synthesize the cetane improver between 10 °C and 50 °C. The bioadditive performance was evaluated using a CFR engine. The high exothermicity of the reaction, combined the instability of some of the products, lead us to perform a safety assessment of the reaction to evaluate its criticality
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Santos, Alexsandro Fernandes dos. "Novas Perspectivas da Glicerina Síntese de Novos Nitratos com Propriedades Farmacológicas e Melhoradores de Cetano." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2009. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7169.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:21:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1804420 bytes, checksum: 7f1229339fc39b87970bae7fb09a5054 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-30<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>The major purposes for the production and use of biodiesels are environmental, social and economic benefits. However the production of 90 cubic meters of biodiesel generates about 10 cubic meters of glycerin, so partial or total replacement of diesel by biodiesel can because of glycerin generate a lot of problems. A great surplus (without market), could force the devaluation of its price, and glycerin factories losing competitiveness might be forced to close down. However the world is in a race to develop new processes and add new technologies for the rational use of bio-fuel co-products like glycerin. This study obtained "New Materials" by using glycerin with applicability to biology, diesel fuels, and bio-fuels with cetane improvers. We obtained five organic nitrates characterized as 2-nitrate-1,3-diethoxypropane (NDM); 2-nitrate-1,3- dimethoxypropane (NDE); 2-nitrate-1,3-dipropoxypropano (NDP); 2-nitrate-1.3-dibutoxypropano (NDB) and (+/-)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3- dioxolan-4-metilnitrato (nitrate solketal - NSKT). pharmacological evaluation showed that the nitrates of diesters have hypotensive activity on the cardiovascular system revealing NDB as the compound that showed greater potency and effectiveness against the vasorelaxant effect in the superior mesenteric artery isolated from rats in the order of 115.58 ± 5.59. The nitrate solketal ((+/-)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-metilnitrato) (NSKT) was tested as a cetane improver for biodiesel so as to obtain a new low cetane bio-fuel. The addition of NSKT 7% to ethanol, formed a low cetane fuel capable of operating diesel engines.<br>O grande propósito para a produção e o uso do biodiesel são os benefícios ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Entretanto na produção de 90 m3 de biodiesel são gerados cerca de 10 m3 de glicerina, assim com a substituição parcial ou total do diesel pelo biodiesel a glicerina gerada no processo pode ser um grande problema econômico e ambiental. Uma grande produção de glicerina provoca a desvalorização do produto e conseqüentemente fábricas que produzem ou a usam como insumo podem perder competitividade até não ser mais viável o seu funcionamento. Todavia o mundo busca o desenvolvimento de novos processos e agregar novas tecnologias visando o aproveitamento racional da glicerina. Neste trabalho foram obtidos Novos Materiais pelo aproveitamento da glicerina do biodiesel com aplicabilidades biológicas na síntese de moléculas bioativas e em combustíveis ou biocombustíveis com os melhoradores de Cetano. Assim foram obtidos cinco nitratos orgânicos: 2-nitrato-1,3- dimetoxipropano (NDM); 2-nitrato-1,3-dietoxipropano (NDE); 2-nitrato- 1,3-dipropoxipropano (NDP) e o 2-nitrato-1,3-dibutoxipropano (NDB). A avaliação farmacológica mostrou que os nitratos dos diéteres possuem atividade hipotensora sobre o sistema cardiovascular sendo NDB o composto que apresentou maior potencia e eficácia frente ao efeito vasorelaxante na arteria mesentérica superior isolada de rato na ordem de 115,58 ± 5,59. O Nitrato de solketal ((+/-)-2,2-Dimetil-1,3-dioxolano-4- metilnitrato) (NSKT) foi testado como melhorador de cetano tanto para o biodiesel como para a obtenção de um novo biocombustível de baixo cetano. A adição de NSKT no teor de 7% ao etanol formou um combustível de baixo cetano capaz de funcionar um motor do ciclo diesel.
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Cedrone, Kevin David. "Effect of market fuel variation and cetane improvers on CAI combustion in a GDI engine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61523.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-129).<br>There is continued interest in improving the fuel conversion efficiency of internal combustion engines and simultaneously reducing their emissions. One promising technology is that of Controlled Auto Ignition (CAI) combustion. The lack of direct combustion control makes control of CAI combustion challenging. Practical implementation of CAI an engine, the engine's behavior must be predictable. This work investigates the impact of market fuel composition variation and cetane improver additives on CAI combustion in a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine. The test fuels were blends of different commercial refinery products, containing hundreds of hydrocarbon species. The blends were selected to vary Research Octane Number (RON), olen content, and aromatic content. The blends were chosen based on a market fuel study done by the project sponsor, and subsequent research conducted at MIT. Cetane number improvers are diesel fuel additives used to shorten ignition delay in Diesel engines. Di-tert-butyl ether (DTBP) and 2-ethylhexylnitrate (2EHN) were added in concentrations of 4800ppm and 2000ppm respectively to one of the test fuels in an attempt to extend the low load limit (LLL) of CAI operation. Fuel type was found to have a modest impact on the CAI operating range. Valve timing was largely capable of compensating for the changes observed. Neither cetane additive had any significant impact on CAI operation. GDI allowed the use of a split injection strategy involving a pilot injection during negative valve overlap (NVO) recompression, before the main injection during the intake stroke. This strategy, employed at low loads, resulted in heat release during the NVO recompression, which advanced and stabilized main combustion process. At higher engine speeds, the split injection strategy resulted in lower indicated fuel conversion efficiency.<br>by Kevin David Cedrone.<br>S.M.
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Book chapters on the topic "Cetane improver"

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Viswanathan, Karthickeyan, Muhammad Ikhsan Taipabu, Wei Wu, and Shuang Wang. "A comprehensive investigation on the effects of ceramic layering and cetane improver with an avocado seed oil biodiesel fueled diesel engine." In Bioenergy Resources and Technologies. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822525-7.00008-1.

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Mason, Mark H., Christopher Yan, Zhi Chen, Rajan Aggarwal, Joseph A. Heppert, and Galen J. Suppes. "Synthesis of Low Nitrogen Cetane Improvers from the Nitration of Renewable Feedstocks." In Chemistry of Diesel Fuels. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075455-10.

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Maroa, Semakula, and Freddie Inambao. "Effects of Biodiesel Blends Varied by Cetane Numbers and Oxygen Contents on Stationary Diesel Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions." In Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92569.

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This work investigated waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO), 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate (EHN), and ethanol as sources of renewable energy, blending conventional diesel (CD), WPPO, and ethanol with EHN was to improve the combustion and performance characteristics of the WPPO blends. EHN has the potential to reduce emissions of CO, CO2, UHC, NOX, and PM. Ethanol improves viscosity, miscibility, and the oxygen content of WPPO. Mixing ratios were 50/WPPO25/E25, 60/WPPO20/E20, 70/WPPO15/E15, 80/WPPO10/E10, and 90/WPPO5/E5 for CD, waste plastic pyrolysis oil, and ethanol, respectively. The mixing ratio of EHN (0.01%) was based on the total quantity of blended fuel. Performance and emission characteristics of a stationary 4-cylinder water-cooled diesel Iveco power generator were evaluated with ASTM standards. At 1000 rpm, the BSFC was 0.043 kg/kWh compared to CD at 0.04 kg/kWh. Blend 90/WPPO5/E5 had the highest value of 14% for BTE, while the NOX emissions for 90/WPPO5/E5, 80/WPPO10/E10, and 70/WPPO15/E15 were 384, 395, and 414 ppm, respectively, compared to CD fuel at 424 ppm. This is due to their densities of 792 kg/m3, 825 kg/m3 which are close to CD fuel at 845 kg/m3 and the additive EHN. These results show blends of WPPO, ethanol and EHN reduce emissions, and improve engine performance, mimicking CD fuel.
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"Chapitre 3 - Sadi Carnot : comment un concept impropre et une analogie aboutissent à une découverte majeure." In Quelle est cette science que je pratique ? EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2202-7-004.

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"Chapitre 3 - Sadi Carnot : comment un concept impropre et une analogie aboutissent à une découverte majeure." In Quelle est cette science que je pratique ? EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2202-7.c004.

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M., Mohamed Musthafa. "Reduction of NOx on a Single Cylinder CI Engine Running on Diesel-Biodiesel Blends by New Approach." In Recent Technologies for Enhancing Performance and Reducing Emissions in Diesel Engines. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2539-5.ch008.

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Diesel-water emulsion has been used in diesel engine combustion for a long time with encouraging results, but the point of efficiency and NOx trade-off represent a highly challenging task for diesel engines. A new approach was used in this study. The new blends which were obtained by mixing diesel-neem oil biodiesel blend (70:30 by volume) with water (5% by volume), span-80 surfactant (1% by volume), and cetane enhancing additive of Di-tertiary butyl peroxide (0.5% by volume). The blend is designated as B3. This chapter investigates performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder diesel engine running on B3 fuel. Performance and emission of the engine fueled by B3 fuel results were compared with diesel (D), diesel-biodiesel blend (B1), and diesel-biodiesel with water emulsion through surfactant (B2). B3 fuel had better performance and improved emissions than B1 fuel and diesel fuel, with NOx emission especially reduced by up to 35%.
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Conference papers on the topic "Cetane improver"

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Zheng, Ziliang, Tamer Badawy, Naeim Henein, Eric Sattler, and Nicholas Johnson. "Effect of Cetane Improver on Autoignition Characteristics of Low Cetane Sasol IPK Using Ignition Quality Tester (IQT)." In ASME 2013 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2013-19061.

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This paper investigates the effect of a cetane improver on the autoignition characteristics of Sasol IPK in the combustion chamber of the Ignition Quality Tester (IQT). The fuel tested was Sasol IPK with a Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of 31, treated with different percentages of Lubrizol 8090 cetane improver ranging from 0.1% to 0.4%. Tests were conducted under steady state conditions at a constant charging pressure of 21 bar. The charge air temperature before fuel injection varied from 778 to 848 K. Accordingly, all the tests were conducted under a constant charge density. The rate of heat release was calculated and analyzed in details, particularly during the autoignition period. In addition, the physical and chemical delay periods were determined by comparing the results of two tests. The first was conducted with fuel injection into air according to ASTM standards where combustion occurred. In the second test, the fuel was injected into the chamber charged with nitrogen. The physical delay is defined as the period of time from start of injection (SOI) to point of inflection (POI), and the chemical delay is defined as the period of time from POI to start of combustion (SOC). Both the physical and chemical delay periods were determined under different charge temperatures. The cetane improver was found to have an effect only on the chemical ID period. In addition, the effect of the cetane improver on the apparent activation energy of the global combustion reactions was determined. The results showed a linear drop in the apparent activation energy with the increase in the percentage of the cetane improver. Moreover, the low temperature (LT) regimes were investigated and found to be presented in base fuel, as well as cetane improver treated fuels.
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Zheng, Ziliang, Umashankar Joshi, Naeim Henein, and Eric Sattler. "Effect of Cetane Improver on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Coal-Derived Sasol IPK in a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5589.

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Sasol IPK is a coal-derived synthetic fuel under consideration as a blending stock with JP-8 for use in military ground vehicles. Since Sasol IPK is a low ignition quality fuel with Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of 31, there is a need to improve its ignition quality. This paper investigates the effect of adding different amounts of Lubrizol 8090 cetane improver to Sasol IPK on increasing its DCN. The experimental investigation was conducted in a single-cylinder research type diesel engine. The engine is equipped with a common rail injection system and an open Engine Control Unit (ECU). Experiments covered different injection pressures and intake air temperatures. Analysis of test results was made to determine the effect of cetane improver percentage in the coal-derived Sasol IPK blend on autoignition, combustion and emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), total unburned hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). In addition, the effect of cetane improver on the apparent activation energy of the global autoignition reactions was determined.
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Suppes, Galen J., Zhi Chen, and Pau Ying Chan. "Review of Cetane Improver Technology and Alternative Fuel Applications." In 1996 SAE International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exhibition. SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/962064.

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Thompson, Alistair A., Stephen W. Lambert, and Simon C. Mulqueen. "Prediction and Precision of Cetane Number Improver Response Equations." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. SAE International, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/972901.

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Ullman, Terry L., Kent B. Spreen, and Robert L. Mason. "Effects of Cetane Number, Cetane Improver, Aromatics, and Oxygenates on 1994 Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Emissions." In International Congress & Exposition. SAE International, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/941020.

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Hashimoto, Kohtaro, Haruya Ohta, Tomoko Hirasawa, Mitsuru Arai, and Masamitsu Tamura. "Evaluation of Ignition Quality of LPG with Cetane Number Improver." In SAE 2002 World Congress & Exhibition. SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-0870.

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7

Kaddatz, John, Michael Andrie, Rolf D. Reitz, and Sage Kokjohn. "Light-Duty Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Combustion Using a Cetane Improver." In SAE 2012 World Congress & Exhibition. SAE International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1110.

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8

Kulinowski, Alexander M., Timothy J. Henly, and Thomas P. Stocky. "The Effect of 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate Cetane Improver on Engine Durability." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/981364.

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9

Neill, W. Stuart, Wallace L. Chippior, Ken Mitchell, et al. "The Influence of High Cetane Blending Components on Emissions From a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine With EGR." In ASME 2004 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2004-0887.

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The exhaust emissions form a single-cylinder version of a heavy-duty diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) were measured with eight high-cetane components blended into an ultra-low sulphur diesel base fuel. the blending components evaluated were conventional nitrate and peroxide cetane improver additives, paraffins from two sources, three ethers, and soy methyl ester. The blending components were used to increase the cetane number of a base fuel by ten numbers, from 44 to 54. Exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL eight-mode steady-state test procedure. PM and NOx emissions from the engine were fairly insensitive to ignition quality improvement by nitrate and peroxide cetane improvers. Soy methyl ester and two of the ethers, 1,4 diethoxybutane and 2-ethoxyethyl ether, significantly reduced PM emissions, but increased ONx emissions. The two paraffinic blending components reduced both PM and NOx emissions.
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Ullman, Terry L., Robert L. Mason, and Daniel A. Montalvo. "Effects of Fuel Aromatics, Cetane Number, and Cetane Improver on Emissions from a 1991 Prototype Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine." In International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition. SAE International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/902171.

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