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Journal articles on the topic 'CFA-Complete Freund's adjuvant'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Arrau, Sylvia, Maité Rodríguez-Díaz, Bruce K. Cassels, et al. "Antihyperalgesic Activity of Quillaic Acid Obtained from Quillaja Saponaria Mol." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 11 (2019): 927–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026619666190509115741.

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Background: Quillaja saponaria Mol. bark contains a high concentration of triterpene saponins that have been used for centuries as a cleansing, antiinflammatory and analgesic agent in Chilean folk medicine. In earlier studies, in mice, both the anti-inflammatory as well as the antinociceptive effect of the major sapogenin, quillaic acid have been demonstrated (QA). Objective: To determine the antihyperalgesic effect of QA one and seven days after itpl administration of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in male mice using the hot plate test in the presence of complete Freund's adjuvant (HP/CFA)

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Sun, Siquan, Hidehiro Kishimoto, and Jonathan Sprent. "DNA as an Adjuvant: Capacity of Insect DNA and Synthetic Oligodeoxynucleotides to Augment T Cell Responses to Specific Antigen." Journal of Experimental Medicine 187, no. 7 (1998): 1145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.187.7.1145.

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How strong adjuvants such as complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) promote T cell priming to protein antigens in vivo is still unclear. Since the unmethylated CpG motifs in DNA of bacteria and other nonvertebrates are stimulatory for B cells and antigen-presenting cells, the strong adjuvanticity of CFA could be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of dead bacteria, i.e., a source of stimulatory DNA. In support of this possibility, evidence is presented that insect DNA in mineral oil has even stronger adjuvant activity than CFA by a number of parameters. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN

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3

Kahn, Daniel A., D. Clay Archer, Daniel P. Gold, and Carolyn J. Kelly. "Adjuvant Immunotherapy Is Dependent on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase." Journal of Experimental Medicine 193, no. 11 (2001): 1261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.11.1261.

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Rodents immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) are resistant to subsequent attempts to induce autoimmune disease, while animals immunized with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) remain susceptible. Mycobacterial extracts can stimulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) gene transcription. Robust expression of NOS2 has been linked to suppression of T cell proliferation and alterations in immune responses. Our studies investigated the hypothesis that the immunoprotective effect of CFA before immunization requires functional NOS2. NOS2 gene expression is chronically elevated in lymph

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4

Kim, Jae-Hyo, Hee-Kee Kim, Yong-Il Park, et al. "Moxibustion at ST36 Alleviates Pain in Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 34, no. 01 (2006): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x06003631.

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This study was to investigate the antinociceptive effects of moxibustion in a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic rat model, and the effects of moxibustion on immunohistochemical changes at the spinal cord level. Moxibustion was applied to the ipsilateral (right) Zusanli (ST36) acupoint to the lesion side for 9 days to CFA-induced arthritic rats. The stepping force was measured as a behavioral test, c-Fos immunohistochemistry, NO production and nNOS Western blots were examined to evaluate antinociceptive effects. Moxibustion at ST36 significantly improved the stepping force in t

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Kumar, Sanjai, Trevor R. Jones, Miranda S. Oakley, et al. "CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide and Montanide ISA 51 Adjuvant Combination Enhanced the Protective Efficacy of a Subunit Malaria Vaccine." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 2 (2004): 949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.949-957.2004.

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ABSTRACT Unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs present in bacterial genomes or synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) serve as strong immunostimulatory agents in mice, monkeys and humans. We determined the adjuvant effect of murine CpG ODN 1826 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae-expressed 19-kDa C-terminal region of merozoite surface protein 1 (yMSP119) of the murine malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii. We found that in C57BL/6 mice, following sporozoite challenge, the degree of protective immunity against malaria induced by yMSP119 in a formulation of

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Putri, Dwi Kurnia, and Endang Darmawan. "Analgesic Activity of Chitosan in Arthritis Rats Induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)." PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia) 19, no. 1 (2022): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v19i1.13842.

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Arthritis is inflammation and pain in joints, often accompanied by stiffness and difficulty to move. The current pain treatment in arthritis is synthetic drugs that have many side effects. Chitosan’s structure similar to that of glucosamine which can be used as anti-arthritis. This study aims to evaluate the analgesic activity of chitosan in arthritic rats. The heat stimulation method with a hot plate at temperature of 55±1oC was utilized. A total of 25 male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 150-250 g, were fed and given water ad libitum. There were grouped into group I (normal control), group II

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7

Olive, Colleen, Michael R. Batzloff, Anikó Horváth, et al. "A Lipid Core Peptide Construct Containing a Conserved Region Determinant of the Group A Streptococcal M Protein Elicits Heterologous Opsonic Antibodies." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 5 (2002): 2734–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.5.2734-2738.2002.

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ABSTRACT The study reported here investigated the immunogenicity and protective potential of a lipid core peptide (LCP) construct containing a conserved region determinant of M protein, defined as peptide J8. Parenteral immunization of mice with LCP-J8 led to the induction of high-titer serum immunoglobulin G J8-specific antibodies when the construct was coadministered with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or administered alone. LCP-J8 in CFA had significantly enhanced immunogenicity compared with the monomeric peptide J8 given in CFA. Moreover, LCP-J8/CFA and LCP-J8 antisera opsonized four di

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8

Fang, Yuan, Thomas Rowe, Alberto J. Leon, et al. "Molecular Characterization of In Vivo Adjuvant Activity in Ferrets Vaccinated against Influenza Virus." Journal of Virology 84, no. 17 (2010): 8369–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02305-09.

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ABSTRACT The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic has prompted a significant need for the development of efficient, single-dose, adjuvanted vaccines. Here we investigated the adjuvant potential of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) when used with a human seasonal influenza virus vaccine in ferrets. We found that the CpG ODN-adjuvanted vaccine effectively increased antibody production and activated type I interferon (IFN) responses compared to vaccine alone. Based on these findings, pegylated IFN-α2b (PEG-IFN) was also evaluated as an adjuvant in comparison to CpG ODN and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA).

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Widodo, Edwin, and Aulanni’am Aulanni’am. "SPECIFICITY OF ANTIBODY BOVINE ZONNA PELLUCIDAE 3 (ANTI-bZP3) TO RABBIT ZP3 BASED ON bZP3 AS CONTRACEPTIVE ANTIGENS." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 2 (2010): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21829.

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Zonna pellucidae can be develop as antigen potential candidates based on reversible immunocontraceptive vaccines. Immunogenic sites of bovine zonna pellucidae 3 (bZP3) could stimulated the presence of anti-bZP3 which be located on rabbit ZP and inhibit sperm-egg interaction on fertilization process. Purpose of this research is to detect spesific binding anti-bZP3 to rabbit oocytes using dot blotting and ELISA method. Sub cutan induction of bZP3 with Freund's adjuvant, CFA (Complete Freund's Adjuvant) for initial immunization and following by IFA (Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant) at the 14th day a

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G., Vijayabaskar, and Elango V. "Effect of Keelvayu Nivarana Churunam (KNC) Extract on Glycoproteins in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced Arthritic Rats." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 3, no. 12 (2018): 388–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2483245.

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Glycoproteins are important groups of compounds involved in the cellular function. They play a significant role in contributing to the surface properties of the cells and also important role in tumorigenesis and as mediators of immunological specificity. Carbohydrates moieties of glycoproteins have also been implicated in the transport of metabolites across cell membranes and also observed a direct relationship between glycolproteins and tumorigenesis. In the present study to evaluate the Keelvayu Nivarana Churunam (KNC) on glycoproteins as hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid in the plasma agai

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Kim, Ha-Neui, Yu-Ri Kim, Ji-Yeon Jang, Hwa-Kyoung Shin, and Byung-Tae Choi. "Electroacupuncture Confers Antinociceptive Effects via Inhibition of Glutamate Transporter Downregulation in Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Injected Rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/643973.

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When we evaluated changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and two glutamate transporter (GTs) by immunohistochemistry, expression of GFAP showed a significant increase in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-injected rats; however, this expression was strongly inhibited by electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation. Robust downregulation of glutamate-aspartate transporter (GLAST) and glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) was observed in CFA-injected rats; however, EA stimulation resulted in recovery of this expression. Double-labeling staining showed co-localization of a large proportion of GLAST or

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Eisenberg, Julia C., Steven J. Czinn, Christine A. Garhart, et al. "Protective Efficacy of Anti-Helicobacterpylori Immunity following Systemic Immunization of Neonatal Mice." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 4 (2003): 1820–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.4.1820-1827.2003.

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ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori infection of the gastric mucosa is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality because of its etiologic role in symptomatic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Infection occurs in young children; therefore, a prophylactic vaccine would have to be administered within the first year of life, a period thought to be immunologically privileged. We investigated vaccine formulations administered by different routes to confer protective anti-H. pylori immunity in neonatal mice. Neonatal mice immunized with a single dose of vaccine in complete Fr

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Megawati, Selvi, Mahardian Rahmadi, Imam Susilo, and Junaidi Khotib. "THE POTENCY OF ALPHA LIPOIC ACID AS ANTI INFLAMMATORY ON THE COMPLETE FREUND'S ADJUVANT-INDUCED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN RAT MODEL." Folia Medica Indonesiana 52, no. 2 (2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v52i2.5219.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune diseases which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial tissue in joints. This research was designed to investigate the effect of alpha lipoic acid as antioxidant on rats with complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced RA by intra articular injection of complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA). ALA was administered orally once a day for 7 days at 30, 60 and 120 mg doses a week after CFA injection. The severity of arthritis was evaluated by joint diameter and latency time on thermal stimulation. Joint diameter and latency time on thermal stimulat

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14

Gor, Dennis O., Xuedong Ding, Qing Li, John R. Schreiber, Michael Dubinsky, and Neil S. Greenspan. "Enhanced Immunogenicity of Pneumococcal Surface Adhesin A by Genetic Fusion to Cytokines and Evaluation of Protective Immunity in Mice." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 10 (2002): 5589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.10.5589-5595.2002.

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ABSTRACT Immunization of mice with pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) provides protection against systemic infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Because the use of CFA is not acceptable in humans, we sought to develop alternative means of enhancing the immunogenicity of protein antigens of potential use in pneumococcal vaccines. We designed a series of genetic constructs in which coding sequences for PsaA were linked to sequences encoding either murine interleukin-2 (mIL-2), mIL-4, or two copies of an immunostimulatory nonapeptide derived fr

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15

Qin, H. Y., M. W. Sadelain, C. Hitchon, J. Lauzon, and B. Singh. "Complete Freund's adjuvant-induced T cells prevent the development and adoptive transfer of diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice." Journal of Immunology 150, no. 5 (1993): 2072–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.150.5.2072.

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Abstract Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islet of Langerhans. We have recently reported that the induction of the disease in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice can be prevented by a single injection of CFA. In this study, we have explored the cellular basis and the time course of the disease protection. Since CFA contains a mycobacterial cell wall that has adjuvant property, we investigated the protective role of mycobacteria in young NOD mice. Mice injected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or

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16

Lin, Chun-Ching, Ming-Feng Chen, and Chieh-Fu Chen. "The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Chinese Crude Drug Prescriptions on Experimental Arthritis." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 23, no. 02 (1995): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x95000195.

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San-Miao-Warn (SMW), Tuhwo-Jih-Shen-Tang (TJS) and Dang-Quei-Nian-Tong-Tang (DGT) are Chinese traditional prescriptions. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of these crude drug prescriptions in carrageenan-induced acute arthritis and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic arthritis in rats. It was found that pretreatment with SMW, TJS or DGT at a dosage of 100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg, significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced acute arthritis. Moreover, these crude drugs also significantly suppressed the development of chronic arthritis induced by CFA. These resu

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17

Tigno-Aranjuez, Justine T., Paul V. Lehmann, and Magdalena Tary-Lehmann. "Dissociated induction of cytotoxicity and DTH by CFA and CpG (41.8)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (2009): 41.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.41.8.

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Abstract Vaccinations typically rely on immunization with live virus for eliciting protective CD8+ T cell immunity. There is increasing interest to use subunit vaccination strategies to achieve such responses. Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) and CpG are considered some of the most potent adjuvants for eliciting immunity. Whereas a wealth of information is available on how these adjuvants affect CD4+ T cell responses, their effects on engaging CD8+ T cell immunity are not completely understood. We immunized C57BL/6J mice with the class I restricted peptides Uty or SIINFEKL using these two adju

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Jain, Sourabh, Harshit Sharma, Megha Jha, Ragini Bundela, and Karunakar Shukla. "Anti-arthritic potential of jatropha curcas flowers extract using complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model." IP International Journal of Comprehensive and Advanced Pharmacology 8, no. 1 (2023): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcaap.2023.010.

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Jatropha curcas is a member of the euphorbiaceae family and has a number of therapeutic benefits. The anti-arthritic potential of Jatropha curcas flowers extracted using various solvents is the focus of the current investigation. The use of several antioxidant assays has been researched for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of isolated chemicals and antioxidant activity. By administering crude extract orally at dose concentrations of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg to rats that had Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis, it was possible to assess the anti-arthritic effectiveness of t

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Yang, Ya-Wun, and Chih-Feng Chang. "Flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow and spleen cells in adjuvant-treated animals (P4502)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 178.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.178.5.

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Abstract Despite the poorly understood mechanisms, vaccine adjuvants have been extensively used to enhance the immunogenicity of specific antigens in vaccination. To examine the effect of adjuvants on the differentiation of the hematopoietic system, C57BL/6J mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) with alum, followed by flow cytometric analysis of cells in the bone marrow and spleens after vaccination. Our data showed that treatment of animals with alum upregulated the expression of AA4.1 in the Dump(CD3/CD8/Gr-1/F4/80)(-)CD24(+) population, and a concomitant increase of both B220(-)CD11b(+)

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Bhalekar, Mangesh R., Prashant G. Upadhaya, Sandip D. Nalawade, Ashwini R. Madgulkar, and Sanjay J. Kshirsagar. "Anti-rheumatic activity of chloroquine-SLN gel on wistar rats using complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) model." Indian Journal of Rheumatology 10, no. 2 (2015): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injr.2015.03.008.

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21

Fehrenbacher, Jill C., Michael R. Vasko, and Djane B. Duarte. "Models of Inflammation: Carrageenan- or Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-Induced Edema and Hypersensitivity in the Rat." Current Protocols in Pharmacology 56, no. 1 (2012): 5.4.1–5.4.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471141755.ph0504s56.

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Grenfell, Rafaella F. Q., Lisa M. Shollenberger, E. Farah Samli, and Donald A. Harn. "Vaccine Self-Assembling Immune Matrix Is a New Delivery Platform That Enhances Immune Responses to Recombinant HBsAg in Mice." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 22, no. 3 (2015): 336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00714-14.

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ABSTRACTVaccination remains the most effective public health tool to prevent infectious diseases. Many vaccines are marginally effective and need enhancement for immunocompromised, elderly, and very young populations. To enhance immunogenicity, we exploited the biphasic property of the (RADA)4 synthetic oligopeptide to create VacSIM (vaccine self-assembling immune matrix), a new delivery method. VacSIM solution can easily be mixed with antigens, organisms, and adjuvants for injection. Postinjection, the peptides self-assemble into hydrated nanofiber gel matrices, forming a depot with antigens

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Grajewski, Rafael S., Phyllis B. Silver, Rajeev K. Agarwal, et al. "Endogenous IRBP can be dispensable for generation of natural CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells that protect from IRBP-induced retinal autoimmunity." Journal of Experimental Medicine 203, no. 4 (2006): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20050429.

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Susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a model for human uveitis induced in mice with the retinal antigen interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), is controlled by “natural” CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (T reg) cells. To examine whether endogenous expression of IRBP is necessary to generate these T reg cells, we studied responses of IRBP knockout (KO) versus wild-type (WT) mice. Unexpectedly, not only WT but also IRBP KO mice immunized with a uveitogenic regimen of IRBP in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) exhibited CD25+ regulatory cells that could be depleted by PC61 tr

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Mus, Nurul Muhlisa, Supriatno Supriatno, M. Arifuddin, and Erwin Samsul. "Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Sengkuang pada Tikus Wistar yang Diinduksi CFA (Complete Freund’s Adjuvant)." Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan 5, no. 3 (2023): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v5i3.1804.

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One of the plants found in East Kalimantan is the Drancotomelon dao (sengkuang) plant. Previous tests demonstrated the presence of anti-inflammatory activity of D. Dao leaf extract through the reduction of proinflammatory mediators such as TNF-?, IL-1?, and IL-6 which were induced by bacteria. This study aims to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol extract of the stem bark of the Sengkuang plant in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis induced by complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) to determine the anti-inflammatory potential of other parts of the sengkuang plant. In this test,

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Yaster, Myron, Xiaowei Guan, Ronald S. Petralia, Jeffery D. Rothstein, Wei Lu, and Yuan-Xiang Tao. "Effect of Inhibition of Spinal Cord Glutamate Transporters on Inflammatory Pain Induced by Formalin and Complete Freund's Adjuvant." Anesthesiology 114, no. 2 (2011): 412–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318205df50.

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Background Spinal cord glutamate transporters clear synaptically released glutamate and maintain normal sensory transmission. However, their ultrastructural localization is unknown. Moreover, whether and how they participate in inflammatory pain has not been carefully studied. Methods Immunogold labeling with electron microscopy was carried out to characterize synaptic and nonsynaptic localization of glutamate transporters in the superficial dorsal horn. Their expression and uptake activity after formalin- and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation were evaluated by Western blot

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Buana, Dwi Candra, I. Ketut Sudiana, and Jusak Nugraha. "The potency of bay leaves extract (Syzygiumpolyanthum) as anti-inflammation in Rattus norvegicus induced with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant." Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium 8, no. 2 (2019): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v8i2.177.

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The using of herbal plants in Indonesia as medicine based on traditional knowledge. One of the herbal plants that believed has medication effect is bay leaves (Syzygiumpolyanthum). Bay leaves contain a flavonoid that can prevent inflammation. The study aims to prove the potency of bay leaves extract to prevent the inflammation, which is indicated by decreasing the paw edema thickness in rat induced with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). This study used 25 animal models of male rat (Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar that divided into five groups, one group for a normal group (no treatment), one

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Lukic, Miodrag L., Eric Mensah-Brown, Sehamuddin Galadari, and Allen Shahin. "Lack of Apoptosis of Infiltrating Cells as the Mechanism of High Susceptibility to EAE in DA Rats." Developmental Immunology 8, no. 3-4 (2001): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/32636.

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Dark Agouti (DA) rats are highly susceptible to induction of Th-l-mediated autoimmunity disease, including experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). In contrast to other susceptible rat strains in which disease is induced only with encephalitogen emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvants (CFA), in DA rats EAE develops after injection of encephalitogen in incomplete Freund's adjuvants (IFA) or Titermax, putative Th-2 directed adjuvant. Lymph node cells derived from immunized DA rats and stimulatedinvitroproduce significantly more Interferon-γ(IFN-γ) than resistant Albino Oxford (AO) rats.

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Djunarko, Ipang, Nanang Fakhrudin, Arief Nurrochmad, and Subagus Wahyuono. "Identification Bioactive Compound of Ethanol-Water Fraction of Coleus atropurpureus for Anti-rheumatic Rheumatism in CFA-induced Rats." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community 19, no. 2 (2022): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/jpsc.004746.

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for pain and to slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Accordingly, the discovery of rheumatoid arthritis active compounds from the ethanol-water fraction Coleus atropurpureus (EWC) was conducted to characterize the isolated compounds as well as the anti-rheumatic effects of the EWC induced Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). We conducted in vivo study in rats which were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1 was only given CFA as a negative control. Group 2 as positive control was orally exposed to diclofenac potassium (9 mg/BW). Three group

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Lee, Jae Yeong, Joong-Hyun Kim, Seong Soo Kang, Chun Sik Bae та Seok Hwa Choi. "The Effects of α-Viniferin on Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats". American Journal of Chinese Medicine 32, № 04 (2004): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x04002168.

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This study was performed to assess the efficacy of α-viniferin (Carex humilis Leyss) on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Adjuvant arthritis was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) containing 7.5 mg Mycobacterium butyricum suspended in 1 ml sterile paraffin oil into the right hind paw. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected. Righting reflex was uniformly lost and considered to be the initial point of arthritis development on day 7 after CFA injection. Rats were divided into four groups, and upon development of arthritis, tested groups

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Phi, Lan Thi, Ha Thi Ngan Le, Thuy Thi Thanh Dao, et al. "Development of an early-stage femoral head necrosis rabbit model using methylprednisolone and Complete Freund's Adjuvant." Biomedical Research and Therapy 4, no. 11 (2017): 1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v4i11.379.

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Introduction: Pathological animal models provide the foundation for developing new methods for disease treatment. This research aims to establish a rabbit model of femoral head necrosis. Methods: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) was induced in rabbits by using methylprednisolone (MPS) combined with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups. ONFH group (n=10) was given an intramuscular injection of 0.5 mg/kg CFA and 40 mg/kg methylprednisolone. Normal group (n=6) received normal saline at the same location and same volume as those in

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Saul, Louise, Dario Besusso, and Richard J. Mellanby. "LPS-matured CD11c+ bone marrow-derived dendritic cells can initiate autoimmune pathology with minimal injection site inflammation." Laboratory Animals 51, no. 3 (2016): 292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677216663584.

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The pathogenesis of human autoimmune disorders is incompletely understood. This has led to the development of numerous murine models in which the pathogenesis of autoimmunity can be probed and the efficacy of novel therapies can be tested. One of the most widely-used murine models of autoimmunity is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). To induce autoimmune pathology, mice are often immunized with an autoantigen alongside an adjuvant, typically complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Unfortunately, CFA causes significant inflammation at the site of administration. Despite the well-recogni

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M., TamizhMozhi* D. Nagavalli. "CURATIVE EFFECT OF FORMONOETIN-7-O-Β-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE FROM METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF OPERCULINA TURPETHUM IN FREUND'S COMPLETE ADJUVANT INDUCED ARTHRITIS". iajps,csk publications 03, № 11 (2016): 1415–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.208204.

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Objective: To investigate the anti arthritic potential of isolated compound Formonoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Methanolic Extract of Operculina turpethum. Methods: F-7-β-D-g was subjected to assess the anti arthritic activity by foot pat thickness, body weight measurement, rheumatoid factor, spleen index score assessment and hematological estimation using a model Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in wistar rat. Result: Administration of F-7-β-D-g at the doses of 10, 20, 40, 50 mg/kg b. w. p. o exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.001) inhibition of the edema, rh

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Sudirman, Reza Setiawan, Usmar Usmar, Abdul Rahim, and Muh Akbar Bahar. "Aktivitas Anti-inflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) pada Model Inflamasi Terinduksi CFA (Complete Freund's Adjuvant)." Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 3, no. 2 (2017): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.0.v0.i0.8921.

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A research about anti-inflammatory effect of Beluntas leaves extract on CFA (Complete Freund’s Adjuvant) induced inflammatory model has been conducted. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of Beluntas leaves extract in alleviating CFA-induced paw edema in mice (Mus musculus). The number of mice used was 15 and was divided into 5 groups. Group I was treated with NaCMC. Group II, III, and IV were given suspension of Beluntas leaves extract 100 mg/Kg, 300 mg/Kg, and 500 mg/Kg BW, respectively. Group V was a positive control treated with suspension of diclofenac sodium 0.1 ml

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Haq, Noer Muhammad Dliyaul, Aulanni'am Aulanni'am, and Agung Pramana Warih Marhendra. "Profil Siklus Estrus dan Folikulogenesis pada Tikus Model Hipotiroidism Hasil Induksi Caprine Thyroglobulin (cTg)." Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya 29, no. 1 (2016): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2016.029.01.2.

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Autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD) merupakan penyakit autoimun pada kelenjar tiroid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui profil regulasi hormon tiroid, profil siklus estrus dan folikulogenesis pada tikus model hypothyroidism hasil induksi capra thyroglobulin (cTg). Pembuatan tikus model hipotiroid dilakukan dengan injeksi dengan protein cTg yang sudah diemulsi complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) Â dengan dosis 200Âµg/ÂµL melalui subkutan, selanjutnya dilakukan booster injeksi protein cTg yang sudah diemulsi incomplete freund's adjuvant (IFA) dengan dosis 200Âµg/ÂµL melalui subkutan sebanyak dua ka

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Liang, Yi, Jian-Qiao Fang, Jun-Ying Du, and Jun-Fan Fang. "Effect of Electroacupuncture on Activation of p38MAPK in Spinal Dorsal Horn in Rats with Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Inflammatory Pain." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/568273.

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Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), especially p38 MAPK, plays an important role in the development of central sensitization related to persistent inflammatory pain. Electroacupuncture (EA) is well known to relieve persistent inflammatory pain. However, little is known about relationship between EA and p38 MAPK. Inflammatory pain rat model was induced by intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Male adult SD rats were randomly divided into the saline group, CFA group, and CFA + EA group. EA (constant saquare wave, 2 Hz and 100 Hz alternating frequencies,

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Yamanobe, Shigeharu, and Jeffrey P. Harris. "Spontaneous Remission in Experimental Autoimmune Labyrinthitis." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 101, no. 12 (1992): 1007–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949210101208.

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We investigated the time course of hearing impairment and cellular infiltration into the inner ear after systemic sensitization of guinea Pigs with a single intradermal injection of bovine inner ear antigen (IEAg) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Lymphocytes and polymorphonucleocytes appeared mainly in the scala tympani on days 7 to 14, and in addition there was thickening and cellular infiltration of the round window membrane at day 14. These cellular infiltrations resolved after day 28. The auditory brain stem response thresholds from IEAg-sensitized animals were significantly elevated a

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Phi, Lan Thi, Thuy Thi-Thanh Dao, Khanh Dinh-Van Nguyen, Phuc Van Pham, Khanh Hong-Thien Bui, and Ngoc Bich Vu. "ID: 1071 Establishing an early-stage femoral head necrosis model of rabbit using methylprednisolone and Complete Freund's Adjuvant." Biomedical Research and Therapy 4, S (2017): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v4is.345.

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Background: Pathological animal models provide the foundation for developing new methods for treating. This research aims to establish a rabbit model of femoral head necrosis. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) was induced in rabbits by using methylpresnisolone combined with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). New Zealand White rabbits were divided into two groups. Group A (n=10) was given an intramuscular injection of 0.5 mg/kg (CFA) and 40mg/kg methylprednisolone (MPS). Group B (n=6) was received normal saline at the same location and same volume as those in Group A. The efficiency of ON

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Alawi, K., F. A. Russell, A. A. Aubdool, et al. "AB0095 Investigating The Role of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5 (TRPC5) in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-Induced Arthritis." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 75, Suppl 2 (2016): 929.2–929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3191.

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Lin, C. R., J. K. Cheng, C. H. Wu, K. H. Chen, and C. K. Liu. "Epigenetic suppression of potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 expression in inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)." European Journal of Pain 21, no. 2 (2016): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejp.925.

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Park, In-Bum, Chang-Beohm Ahn, and Byung-Tae Choi. "Effects of Electroacupuncture with Different Frequencies on the Glycoconjugate Alterations in Articular Cartilage in the Ankle Joints of Complete Freund's Adjuvant-injected Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 34, no. 03 (2006): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x06003953.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the glycoconjugate (GC) changes in articular cartilage in the ankle of an arthritic model. Arthritis was induced by an intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the hindpaw of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Bilateral EA stimulation at 2 Hz, 15 Hz and 120 Hz was applied at those acupoints corresponding to Zusanli and Sanyinjiao in man, using needles for 3-day intervals for 30 days. To determine the presence of arthritis, paw edema was measured by a water displacement plethysmometer. Edema of the

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Marusic, Suzana, and Susumu Tonegawa. "Tolerance Induction and Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Amelioration After Administration of Myelin Basic Protein–derived Peptide." Journal of Experimental Medicine 186, no. 4 (1997): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.186.4.507.

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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, is an animal model of paralyzing human disease, multiple sclerosis. EAE is readily induced by immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP) in mice transgenic for an αβ T cell receptor (TCR) that is specific for MBP. Subcutaneous injection of p17 (a peptide consisting of 17 NH2-terminal aminoacids of MBP) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) causes paralysis. Induction of paralysis is inhibited by prior intraperitoneal injection of the same peptide in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). In add

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Li, Jinghua, Tao Ke, Chao He, et al. "The Anti-Arthritic Effects of Synthetic Melittin on the Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis Model in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 38, no. 06 (2010): 1039–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x10008457.

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Bee venom (BV) has been used for millennia in Chinese traditional medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its components and mechanism remain unclear, which has hampered its development and application for the treatment of RA. In this study, we examined the anti-arthritis effects of melittin, which composes nearly 50% of the dry weight of whole BV, on the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced (CFA-induced) RA model in rats. The RA animal models were treated with solutions of BV, melittin, and saline by injection into a specific acupoint (Zusanli). The BV and melittin treatments stat

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Li, Kai, Yong-Hui Tan, Alan R. Light, and Kai-Yuan Fu. "Different Peripheral Tissue Injury Induces Differential Phenotypic Changes of Spinal Activated Microglia." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/901420.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible different cellular marker expression associated with spinal cord microglial activation in different pain models. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis of CD45, CD68, and MHC class I antigen as well as CD11b and Iba-1 in the spinal cord were quantitatively compared among widely used three pain animal models, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection, formalin injection, and chronic constriction injury (CCI) models. The results showed that significant upregulated expressions of CD45 and MHC class I antigen in spinal microglia

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Garrett, Filip G., and Paul L. Durham. "Differential expression of connexins in trigeminal ganglion neurons and satellite glial cells in response to chronic or acute joint inflammation." Neuron Glia Biology 4, no. 4 (2008): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740925x09990093.

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Trigeminal nerve activation in response to inflammatory stimuli has been shown to increase neuron–glia communication via gap junctions in trigeminal ganglion. The goal of this study was to identify changes in the expression of gap junction proteins, connexins (Cxs), in trigeminal ganglia in response to acute or chronic joint inflammation. Although mRNA for Cxs 26, 36, 40 and 43 was detected under basal conditions, protein expression of only Cxs 26, 36 and 40 increased following capsaicin or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). While Cx26 plaque for

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Sun, Shukai, Yue Yin, Xin Yin, et al. "Anti-nociceptive effects of Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) in a rat model of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain." Brain Research Bulletin 88, no. 6 (2012): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.06.002.

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Huber, J. D., K. A. Witt, S. Hom, R. D. Egleton, K. S. Mark, and T. P. Davis. "Inflammatory pain alters blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junctional protein expression." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 280, no. 3 (2001): H1241—H1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.3.h1241.

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Effects of inflammatory pain states on functional and molecular properties of the rat blood-brain barrier (BBB) were investigated. Inflammation was produced by subcutaneous injection of formalin, λ-carrageenan, or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the right hind paw. In situ perfusion and Western blot analyses were performed to assess BBB integrity after inflammatory insult. In situ brain perfusion determined that peripheral inflammation significantly increased the uptake of sucrose into the cerebral hemispheres. Capillary depletion and cerebral blood flow analyses indicated the perturbati

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Adou Koffi Mattieu KRA, Joel AKAKPO-AKUE, Tatiana Kangah Mireille KPLE EpouseCOULIBALY, Chiayé Claire Antoinette YAPO-CREZOIT, and Allico Joseph DJAMAN. "Effect of a three-herb formulation on chronic inflammation induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant in Wistar rats." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 30, no. 2 (2025): 242–51. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2025.30.2.0055.

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New innovative therapies are urgently needed to combat the high morbidity associated with sickle cell crises. Given the many side effects associated with conventional anti-inflammatories, the use of herbal medicines would be beneficial for patients. In an effort to help manage chronic inflammation in sickle cell disease, a three-herb recipe was used to test the anti-inflammatory activity elicited by Freund's Complete Adjuvent in Wistar rats. Rats' pulp volume and hematological parameters were measured. After the 20 days of treatment, the extracts from the recipe reduced the edema caused by CFA

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Patil, Kalpesh Ramdas, Chandragouda Raosaheb Patil, Ramchandra Baburao Jadhav, Vallabh Krishnalal Mahajan, Prabhakar Raosaheb Patil, and Pradeep Sampatrao Gaikwad. "Anti-Arthritic Activity of Bartogenic Acid Isolated from Fruits ofBarringtonia racemosaRoxb. (Lecythidaceae)." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep148.

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The fruits ofBarringtonia racemosaare prescribed in the ayurvedic literature for the treatment of pain, inflammation and rheumatic conditions. In present investigation, activity guided isolation of bartogenic acid (BA) and its evaluation in the Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats is reported. Among the various extracts and fractions investigated preliminarily for carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in rats, the ethyl acetate fraction displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity. Large-scale isolation and characterization using chromatography and spectral study confirme

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Disis, ML, H. Bernhard, FM Shiota, et al. "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: an effective adjuvant for protein and peptide-based vaccines." Blood 88, no. 1 (1996): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v88.1.202.202.

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Abstract The current studies evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. An important issue for developing vaccine therapy for human malignancy is identifying adjuvants that can elicit T-cell responses to proteins and peptides derived from “self” tumor antigens. GM-CSF, in vitro, stimulates the growth of antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Initial experiments examined whether GM-CSF injected into the skin of rats could affect the number or character of antigen presenting cells, measured as class II major histocompatabi

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Disis, ML, H. Bernhard, FM Shiota, et al. "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: an effective adjuvant for protein and peptide-based vaccines." Blood 88, no. 1 (1996): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v88.1.202.bloodjournal881202.

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The current studies evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. An important issue for developing vaccine therapy for human malignancy is identifying adjuvants that can elicit T-cell responses to proteins and peptides derived from “self” tumor antigens. GM-CSF, in vitro, stimulates the growth of antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Initial experiments examined whether GM-CSF injected into the skin of rats could affect the number or character of antigen presenting cells, measured as class II major histocompatability comp

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