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Singh, Surendra, Avdhesh Sharma, Akhil Ranjan Garg, Om Prakash Mahela, Baseem Khan, Ilyes Boulkaibet, Bilel Neji, Ahmed Ali, and Julien Brito Ballester. "Power Quality Detection and Categorization Algorithm Actuated by Multiple Signal Processing Techniques and Rule-Based Decision Tree." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (February 28, 2023): 4317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054317.
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This paper introduces a power quality (PQ) detection and categorization algorithm actuated by multiple signal processing techniques and rule-based decision tree (RBDT). This is aimed to recognize PQ events of simple nature and higher order multiplicity with less computational time using hybridization of the signal processing techniques. A voltage waveform with a PQ event (PQE) is processed using the Stockwell transform (ST) to compute the Stockwell PQ detection index (SPDI). The voltage waveform is also processed using the Hilbert transform (HT) to compute the Hilbert PQ detection index (HPDI). A voltage waveform is also decomposed using the Discrete Wavelet transform (DWT) to compute the classification feature index (CFI) [CFI1 to CFI4]. A combined PQ detection index (CPDI) is computed by multiplication of the SPDI, the HPDI and CFI1 to CFI4. Incidence of a PQE on a voltage signal is located with the help of a location PQ disturbance index (LPDI) which is computed by differentiating the CPDI with respect to time. CFI5, CFI6 and CFI7 are computed from the SPDI, the HPDI and the CPDI, respectively. Categorization of PQ events is performed using CFI1 to CFI7 by the rule-based decision tree (RBDT) with the help of simple decision rules. We conclude that the proposed algorithm is effective to identify the PQE with an accuracy of 98.58% in a noise-free environment and 97.62% in the presence of 20 dB SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) noise. Ten simple nature PQEs and eight combined PQ events (CPQEs) with multiplicity of two, three and four are effectively detected and categorized using the algorithm. The algorithm is also tested to detect a sag PQ event due to a line-to-ground (LG) fault incident on a practical distribution utility network. The performance of the investigated method is compared with a DWT-based technique in terms of accuracy of classification with and without noise, maximum computational time of PQ detection and multiplicity of PQE which can be effectively detected. A simulation is performed using the MATLAB software. MATLAB codes are used for modelling the PQE disturbances and the proposed algorithm using mathematical formulations.
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Visintin, Rosella, Frank Stegmeier, and Angelika Amon. "The Role of the Polo Kinase Cdc5 in Controlling Cdc14 Localization." Molecular Biology of the Cell 14, no. 11 (November 2003): 4486–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-02-0095.
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In budding yeast, the protein phosphatase Cdc14 controls exit from mitosis. Its activity is regulated by a competitive inhibitor Cfi1/Net1, which binds to and sequesters Cdc14 in the nucleolus. During anaphase, Cdc14 is released from its inhibitor by the action of two regulatory networks. The Cdc Fourteen Early Anaphase Release (FEAR) network initiates Cdc14 release from Cfi1/Net1 during early anaphase, and the Mitotic Exit Network (MEN) promotes Cdc14 release during late anaphase. Here, we investigate the relationship among FEAR network components and propose an order in which they function to promote Cdc14 release from the nucleolus. Furthermore, we examine the role of the protein kinase Cdc5, which is a component of both the FEAR network and the MEN, in Cdc14 release from the nucleolus. We find that overexpression of CDC5 led to Cdc14 release from the nucleolus in S phase-arrested cells, which correlated with the appearance of phosphorylated forms of Cdc14 and Cfi1/Net1. Cdc5 promotes Cdc14 phosphorylation and, by stimulating the MEN, Cfi1/Net1 phosphorylation. Furthermore, we suggest that Cdc14 release from the nucleolus only occurs when Cdc14 and Cfi1/Net1 are both phosphorylated.
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Jin, Quan-Wen, Samriddha Ray, Sung Hugh Choi, and Dannel McCollum. "The Nucleolar Net1/Cfi1-related Protein Dnt1 Antagonizes the Septation Initiation Network in Fission Yeast." Molecular Biology of the Cell 18, no. 8 (August 2007): 2924–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0853.
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The septation initiation network (SIN) and mitotic exit network (MEN) signaling pathways regulate cytokinesis and mitotic exit in the yeasts Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. One function of these pathways is to keep the Cdc14-family phosphatase, called Clp1 in S. pombe, from being sequestered and inhibited in the nucleolus. In S. pombe, the SIN and Clp1 act as part of a cytokinesis checkpoint that allows cells to cope with cytokinesis defects. The SIN promotes checkpoint function by 1) keeping Clp1 out of the nucleolus, 2) maintaining the cytokinetic apparatus, and 3) halting the cell cycle until cytokinesis is completed. In a screen for suppressors of the SIN mutant cytokinesis checkpoint defect, we identified a novel nucleolar protein called Dnt1 and other nucleolar proteins, including Rrn5 and Nuc1, which are known to be required for rDNA transcription. Dnt1 shows sequence homology to Net1/Cfi1, which encodes the nucleolar inhibitor of Cdc14 in budding yeast. Like Net1/Cfi1, Dnt1 is required for rDNA silencing and minichromosome maintenance, and both Dnt1 and Net1/Cfi1 negatively regulate the homologous SIN and MEN pathways. Unlike Net1/Cfi1, which regulates the MEN through the Cdc14 phosphatase, Dnt1 can inhibit SIN signaling independently of Clp1, suggesting a novel connection between the nucleolus and the SIN pathway.
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Visintin, Rosella, and Angelika Amon. "Regulation of the Mitotic Exit Protein Kinases Cdc15 and Dbf2." Molecular Biology of the Cell 12, no. 10 (October 2001): 2961–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.12.10.2961.
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In budding yeast, the release of the protein phosphatase Cdc14 from its inhibitor Cfi1/Net1 in the nucleolus during anaphase triggers the inactivation of Clb CDKs that leads to exit from mitosis. The mitotic exit pathway controls the association between Cdc14 and Cfi1/Net1. It is comprised of the RAS-like GTP binding protein Tem1, the exchange factor Lte1, the GTPase activating protein complex Bub2-Bfa1/Byr4, and several protein kinases including Cdc15 and Dbf2. Here we investigate the regulation of the protein kinases Dbf2 and Cdc15. We find that Cdc15 is recruited to both spindle pole bodies (SPBs) during anaphase. This recruitment depends on TEM1 but notDBF2 or CDC14 and is inhibited byBUB2. Dbf2 also localizes to SPBs during anaphase, which coincides with activation of Dbf2 kinase activity. Both events depend on the mitotic exit pathway components TEM1 andCDC15. In cells lacking BUB2, Dbf2 localized to SPBs in cell cycle stages other than anaphase and telophase and Dbf2 kinase was prematurely active during metaphase. Our results suggest an order of function of mitotic exit pathway components with respect to SPB localization of Cdc15 and Dbf2 and activation of Dbf2 kinase. BUB2 negatively regulates all 3 events. Loading of Cdc15 on SPBs depends on TEM1, whereas loading of Dbf2 on SPBs and activation of Dbf2 kinase depend onTEM1 and CDC15.
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Visintin, Rosella, Ellen S. Hwang, and Angelika Amon. "Cfi1 prevents premature exit from mitosis by anchoring Cdc14 phosphatase in the nucleolus." Nature 398, no. 6730 (April 1999): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/19775.
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Tomson, Brett N., Damien D'Amours, Brittany S. Adamson, Luis Aragon, and Angelika Amon. "Ribosomal DNA Transcription-Dependent Processes Interfere with Chromosome Segregation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 16 (August 15, 2006): 6239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00693-06.
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ABSTRACT The ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is a specialized genomic region not only owing to its function as the nucleolar organizing region (NOR) but also because it is repetitive in nature and, at least in budding yeast, silenced for polymerase II (Pol II)-mediated transcription. Furthermore, cohesin-independent linkages hold the sister chromatids together at the rDNA loci, and their resolution requires the activity of the conserved protein phosphatase Cdc14. Here we show that rRNA transcription-dependent processes establish linkages at the rDNA, which affect segregation of this locus. Inactivation of Cfi1/Net1, a protein required for efficient rRNA transcription, or elimination of Pol I activity, which drives rRNA transcription, diminishes the need for CDC14 in rDNA segregation. Our results identify Pol I transcription-dependent processes as a novel means of establishing linkages between chromosomes.
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Manzoni, Romilde, Francesca Montani, Clara Visintin, Fabrice Caudron, Andrea Ciliberto, and Rosella Visintin. "Oscillations in Cdc14 release and sequestration reveal a circuit underlying mitotic exit." Journal of Cell Biology 190, no. 2 (July 26, 2010): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201002026.
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In budding yeast, the phosphatase Cdc14 orchestrates progress through anaphase and mitotic exit, thereby resetting the cell cycle for a new round of cell division. Two consecutive pathways, Cdc fourteen early anaphase release (FEAR) and mitotic exit network (MEN), contribute to the progressive activation of Cdc14 by regulating its release from the nucleolus, where it is kept inactive by Cfi1. In this study, we show that Cdc14 activation requires the polo-like kinase Cdc5 together with either Clb–cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) or the MEN kinase Dbf2. Once active, Cdc14 triggers a negative feedback loop that, in the presence of stable levels of mitotic cyclins, generates periodic cycles of Cdc14 release and sequestration. Similar phenotypes have been described for yeast bud formation and centrosome duplication. A common theme emerges where events that must happen only once per cycle, although intrinsically capable of oscillations, are limited to one occurrence by the cyclin–Cdk cell cycle engine.
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Waples, William G., Charly Chahwan, Marta Ciechonska, and Brigitte D. Lavoie. "Putting the Brake on FEAR: Tof2 Promotes the Biphasic Release of Cdc14 Phosphatase during Mitotic Exit." Molecular Biology of the Cell 20, no. 1 (January 2009): 245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-08-0879.
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The completion of chromosome segregation during anaphase requires the hypercondensation of the ∼1-Mb rDNA array, a reaction dependent on condensin and Cdc14 phosphatase. Using systematic genetic screens, we identified 29 novel genetic interactions with budding yeast condensin. Of these, FOB1, CSM1, LRS4, and TOF2 were required for the mitotic condensation of the tandem rDNA array localized on chromosome XII. Interestingly, whereas Fob1 and the monopolin subunits Csm1 and Lrs4 function in rDNA condensation throughout M phase, Tof2 was only required during anaphase. We show that Tof2, which shares homology with the Cdc14 inhibitor Net1/Cfi1, interacts with Cdc14 phosphatase and its deletion suppresses defects in mitotic exit network (MEN) components. Consistent with these genetic data, the onset of Cdc14 release from the nucleolus was similar in TOF2 and tof2Δ cells; however, the magnitude of the release was dramatically increased in the absence of Tof2, even when the MEN pathway was compromised. These data support a model whereby Tof2 coordinates the biphasic release of Cdc14 during anaphase by restraining a population of Cdc14 in the nucleolus after activation of the Cdc14 early anaphase release (FEAR) network, for subsequent release by the MEN.
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Liang, Fengshan, Fengzhi Jin, Hong Liu, and Yanchang Wang. "The Molecular Function of the Yeast Polo-like Kinase Cdc5 in Cdc14 Release during Early Anaphase." Molecular Biology of the Cell 20, no. 16 (August 15, 2009): 3671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-10-1049.
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In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Cdc14 is sequestered within the nucleolus before anaphase entry through its association with Net1/Cfi1, a nucleolar protein. Protein phosphatase PP2ACdc55 dephosphorylates Net1 and keeps it as a hypophosphorylated form before anaphase. Activation of the Cdc fourteen early anaphase release (FEAR) pathway after anaphase entry induces a brief Cdc14 release from the nucleolus. Some of the components in the FEAR pathway, including Esp1, Slk19, and Spo12, inactivate PP2ACdc55, allowing the phosphorylation of Net1 by mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) (Clb2-Cdk1). However, the function of another FEAR component, the Polo-like kinase Cdc5, remains elusive. Here, we show evidence indicating that Cdc5 promotes Cdc14 release primarily by stimulating the degradation of Swe1, the inhibitory kinase for mitotic Cdk. First, we found that deletion of SWE1 partially suppresses the FEAR defects in cdc5 mutants. In contrast, high levels of Swe1 impair FEAR activation. We also demonstrated that the accumulation of Swe1 in cdc5 mutants is responsible for the decreased Net1 phosphorylation. Therefore, we conclude that the down-regulation of Swe1 protein levels by Cdc5 promotes FEAR activation by relieving the inhibition on Clb2-Cdk1, the kinase for Net1 protein.
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Riaz, Muhammad Hasnain, Aamir Iqbal, Samiullah Khan, Muhammad Tahir, Mian Nazir Shah, Sameeullah Memoon, Peter Karkach, et al. "EFFECT OF PROTEASE SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF BROILERS." Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva, no. 1(156) (May 25, 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2020-157-1-15-21.
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Premise of the study was to validate the growth promoting eff ect of protease on the performance and to explore its digestion enhancer eff ect in broiler chicks. For this purpose 4 commercial diets were divided into two types (low and high density) and were enriched with protease using a completely randomized design with 4 replicates per diet having 10 chicks each having totaled 200 poultry broiler chickens (day-old). Until 14 days, no eff ects were observed on chicks however at day 14; little variations were observed on weight gain, feed intake and FCR (feed conversion ratio) among the enzyme enriched diets. At day 28, prominent response of protease supplementation in low protein was procured. The chicks gained 10.06 and 8.0 % more weight on CFP1 than CFG1 and CFG2, respectively. Similar response in FCR was observed and was found to be 0.20 and 0.15 points better on CFP1 than on CFG1 and CFG2, respectively. However, CFP2 failed to show protease effi cacy declining the weight gain by 23.01 % while the FCR by 0.49 points as compared with CFP1. This suggested that the nature of feed ingredients in the diets is important for obtaining maximum benefi t of protease supplementation. The overall performance indicated signifi cant response to enzyme supplemented diets. Among the low protein diets CP digestibility remained unchanged but they were diff erent in sparing AME (apparent metabolizable energy) for chicks. The CFP2 spared 98.21 kcal/Kg more AME than CFP1. However, this increased AME values did not help to boost the performance and was attributed to the widening ratio between CP and AME. These results demonstrated that the overall growth response of chicks was improved on low protein diet enriched with protease. It showed higher CP digestibility and AME values than good quality diets. However, the inconsistent results observed within the two types of diets revealed that the nature of diets might have infl uenced the effi cacy of protease. Key words: Broilers, digestibility, protease, FCR, Feed intake.
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Kato, Naoki, Kikuo Yamazoe, Chang-Gyun Han, and Eiichi Ohtsubo. "New Insertion Sequence Elements in the Upstream Region of cfiA in Imipenem-Resistant Bacteroides fragilis Strains." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 3 (March 2003): 979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.3.979-985.2003.
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ABSTRACT The 747-bp cfiA gene, which encodes a metallo-β-lactamase, and the regions flanking cfiA in six imipenem-resistant and four imipenem-susceptible Bacteroides fragilis strains isolated in Japan were analyzed by PCR and DNA sequencing. The nucleotide sequences of the cfiA genes (designated cfiA1 to cfiA10 ) of all 10 strains tested varied from that of the standard cfiA gene from B. fragilis TAL2480. However, putative proteins encoded by the cfiA variants contained conserved amino acid residues important for zinc binding and hairpin loop formation, suggesting that cfiA variants have the capability of producing metallo-β-lactamases with full catalytic activities. PCR assay indicated that six metallo-β-lactamase-producing, imipenem-resistant strains had an insertion mutation in the region immediately upstream of cfiA. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR-amplified fragments along with the upstream region of cfiA revealed that there were five new kinds of insertion sequence (IS) elements (designated IS612, IS613, IS614, IS615, and IS616, with a size range of 1,594 to 1,691 bp), of which only IS616 was found to be almost identical to IS1188, one of the IS elements previously identified in the upstream region of cfiA. These elements had target site duplications of 4 or 5 bp in length, terminal inverted repeats (14, 15, or 17 bp in size), and a large open reading frame encoding a putative transposase which is required for the transcription of IS elements. Each element was inserted such that the transcriptional direction of the transposase was opposite to that of cfiA. A computer-aided homology search revealed that, based on the homology of their putative transposases, the sizes of their terminal inverted repeat sequences, and their target site duplications, IS612, IS613, IS614, and IS615 belong to the IS4 family, which includes IS942, previously found in some drug-resistant B. fragilis strains, but that IS616 belongs to the IS1380 family. All the IS elements appear to have putative promoter motif sequences (the −7 region's TAnnTTTG motif and the −33 region's TTG or TG) in their end regions, suggesting that the IS elements provide a promoter for the transcription of cfiA upon insertion. These data provide additional proof that various IS elements may exist to provide a promoter to express the cfiA gene.
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O'Day, Danton H., and Michael A. Lydan. "The regulation of membrane fusion during sexual development in Dictyostelium discoideum." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 67, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o89-050.
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During the first 24 h of sexual development in Dictyostelium discoideum, three sequential events of membrane fusion occur: gamete fusion, pronuclear fusion, and phagocytosis. The early events of sexual development are regulated by a diverse group of endogenous molecules: (i) a volatile sexual pheromone, (ii) a protein cell fusion inducing factor (CFIF), (iii) a low molecular weight autoinhibitor, (iv) and cyclic AMP. CFIC enhances cell fusion while the autoinhibitor and cyclic AMP both inhibit the event. Both extracellular and intracellular calcium ions are essential for cell and pronuclear fusion. Pharmacological analyses show that the intracellular functions of the divalent cation in these processes are mediated by calmodulin. The autoinhibitor appears to function by inhibiting calmodulin activity. Glucose, mannose, and N-acetylglucosamine containing glycoproteins have been shown to function in both cell fusion and phagocytosis. The interplay between all of these diverse molecules is examined and a review of all of the recent literature is presented.Key words: biomembrane fusion, Dictyostelium, calmodulin, pheromones, cAMP, glycoproteins, developmental regulation, macrocyst, cell fusion, pronuclear fusion, calcium.
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Gupta, Rajesh Kumar, and Ashoke Sen. "AdS3/CFT2toAdS2/CFT1." Journal of High Energy Physics 2009, no. 04 (April 7, 2009): 034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2009/04/034.
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Tate, Courtney M., Jeong-Heon Lee, and David G. Skalnik. "CXXC Finger Protein 1 Contains Redundant Functional Domains That Support Embryonic Stem Cell Cytosine Methylation, Histone Methylation, and Differentiation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 14 (May 11, 2009): 3817–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00243-09.
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ABSTRACT CXXC finger protein 1 (Cfp1) is a regulator of both cytosine methylation and histone methylation. Murine embryonic stem (ES) cells lacking Cfp1 exhibit a decreased plating efficiency, decreased cytosine methylation, elevated global levels of histone H3-Lys4 trimethylation, and a failure to differentiate in vitro. Remarkably, transfection studies reveal that expression of either the amino half of Cfp1 (amino acids 1 to 367 [Cfp11-367]) or the carboxyl half of Cfp1 (Cfp1361-656) is sufficient to correct all of the defects observed with ES cells that lack Cfp1. However, a point mutation (C169A) that abolishes DNA-binding activity of Cfp1 ablates the rescue activity of the Cfp11-367 fragment, and a point mutation (C375A) that abolishes the interaction of Cfp1 with the Setd1 histone H3-Lys4 methyltransferase complexes ablates the rescue activity of the Cfp1361-656 fragment. Introduction of both the C169A and C375A point mutations ablates the rescue activity of the full-length Cfp1 protein. These results indicate that retention of either the Cfp1 DNA-binding domain or Setd1 interaction domain is required for Cfp1 rescue activity, and they illustrate the functional complexity of this critical epigenetic regulator. A model is presented for how epigenetic cross talk may explain the finding of redundant functional domains within Cfp1.
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Zhang, Chunyan, Qian Dai, Xiaolu Ma, Wenjing Yang, Lihua Lv, Jie Zhu, Yan Zhou, et al. "CFL1 to promote proliferation and invasiveness and to regulate NF-κB-mediated inflammatory factors in hepatocellular carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e16669-e16669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e16669.
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e16669 Background: Cofilin1 (CFL1) is an actin-binding protein that plays an essential role in cytoskeleton regulation. However, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is largely unknown. The aim of study was to investigate the role of CFL1 in HCC. Methods: We used qRT-PCR and western blot assays to detect CFL1 expression. The role of CFL1 in regulating HCC cell growth and invasion were assessed by forced expression and downregulation. A tissue microarray study containing 189 HCC cases was conducted to evaluate the clinical relevance and prognostic significance of CFL1. Results: The expression level of CFL1 in high metastasis cell lines was significantly higher than that in low metastasis lines ( P < 0.05). Knockdown of CFL1 reduced the proliferation and invasion activities of Huh7 and MHHC97H cells ( P < 0.05). Western blot revealed that the cytoplasmic level of the p65 subunit of NF-κB was significantly elevated along with reduced nuclear levels and NF-κB-targeted genes MMP9, BCL2, EZH2, COX2 and VCAM1 levels significantly inhibited n HCC cells silenced for CFL1. Immunohistochemistry in a primary tissue array revealed that CFL1 expression correlated with Tumor encapsulation and microvascular invasion ( P < 0.05). High CFL1 expression patients had significantly higher recurrence and deaths rates (recurrence: 72.9% vs. 42.9%, death: 20.8% vs. 51.1%) than low CFL1 expression patients ( P < 0.001). Conclusions: CFL1 regulate the proliferation and dissemination of HCC and TNF-α induced NF-κB nuclear translocation. CFL1 may serve as a prognostic marker in HCC and might be a promising therapeutic target for suppressing metastasis.
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Sun, Yujia, Yaoyao Ma, Xinyi Wu, Tianqi Zhao, Lu Lu, and Zhangping Yang. "Functional and Comparative Analysis of Two Subtypes of Cofilin Family on Cattle Myoblasts Differentiation." Agriculture 12, no. 9 (September 8, 2022): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091420.
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Agricultural meat composition and quality are not independent of the effects of skeletal muscle growth and development in animals. Cofilin is distributed extensively in muscle and non-muscle cells, and its function is tightly regulated in the cell. Cofilin has two variants in mammals, cofilin-1 (CFL1, non-muscle type) and cofilin-2 (CFL2, muscle type), and has a dual function on skeletal muscle fibers. Our study examined the expression pattern of CFL1 and CFL2 in different fetal bovine, calf, and adult cattle tissues. The content of the CFL2 gene increased significantly with the increase in cattle age in muscle tissues; CFL1 showed the opposite trend. In muscle tissues, DNA methylation levels of CFL1 and CFL2 were high in fetal bovine, and the mRNA level of CFL2 was significantly lower compared to CFL1. However, DNA methylation levels of CFL2 were lower than CFL1, and the mRNA level of CFL2 was remarkably higher compared to CFL1 in adult cattle. Overexpression of CFL1 or knockdown CFL2 reduced the expression levels of muscle differentiation markers, i.e., MYOD, MYOG, and MYH3. Overexpression of CFL2 or knockdown CFL1 stimulated the expression of these marker genes. Therefore, CFL2 may be superior to CFL1 as a candidate gene for subsequent research on cattle genetics and breeding.
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Lu, Feijie, Chunrong Zhong, Yongquan Dong, Mingming Wang, and Qi Yang. "Correlations of cofilin1 and phosphorylation at Ser3 site with sensitivity of elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer to radiotherapy." Revista Romana de Medicina de Laborator 30, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2022-0034.
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Abstract Background: To explore the correlations of cofilin1 (CFL1) and phosphorylation level of locus serine residue at position 3 (Ser3) with the sensitivity of elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 102 eligible patients treated from June 2013 to April 2015 were selected. The cases of complete remission and partial remission were included into radiotherapy-sensitive group (n=55), while those of stable disease and progressive disease were enrolled into radiotherapy-resistant group (n=47). Before treatment, tissues were collected to detect the expressions of CFL1 and CFL1 (phospho S3) by immunohistochemistry. The survival time and rate were recorded during follow-up. Results: Compared with the radiotherapy-sensitive group, the radiotherapy-resistant group had advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and higher lymph node metastasis rate (P=0.000, 0.000). Compared with the tissues with negative CFL1 expression, the tissues with positive CFL1 expression had advanced TNM stage and higher lymph node metastasis rate (P=0.013, 0.000). The positive expression rate of CFL1 in the radiotherapy-resistant group was higher than that of the radiotherapy-sensitive group, whereas the positive expression rate of CFL1 (phospho S3) in the former was lower (P=0.000, 0.000). Lymph node metastasis, high CFL1 expression, and low CFL1 (phospho S3) expression were independent predictors for resistance to radiotherapy (P=0.001, 0.006, 0.003). In the radiotherapy-sensitive group, the patients with negative CFL1 expression and positive CFL1 (phospho S3) expression had long progression-free survival and high 5-year survival rate (P=0.000, 0.000). Conclusion: The sensitivity to radiotherapy of elderly NSCLC patients is correlated negatively with CFL1 and positively with phosphorylation at locus Ser3. CFL1 and phosphorylation at locus Ser3 are independent predictors for sensitivity to radiotherapy.
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Zhao, Mengjie, Ling Chen, Yong Xiao, Hong Xiao, and Hongyi Liu. "Impact on U251 glioma cell radiosensitivity and CFL1 level via inhibiting cell motility regulator ROCKII of RhoA-RockII-CFL1 pathway." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e14630-e14630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e14630.
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e14630 Background: In response to ionizing radiation, cofilin1 (CFL1) is essential for actin dynamics and tumor metastasis. In our previous study, CFL1 was revealed up-regulated in radioresistant astrocytomas of surgical samples and positively correlated with glioma cell radioresistance. Methods: The present study aims to clarify the potential mechanism of CFL1-mediated radioresistance and to find new molecular targets to improve the radiosensitivity of U251 glioma cell. Radioresistant U251 (RR-U251) was established by serially irradiation with 5Gy until 60 Gy of irradiation was accumulated on human U251 glioma cell. Y-27632, PAK1-shRNA and PAK1-shRNA were respectively utilized to inhibit CFL1 upstream regulators in normal U251 and RR-U251 cells. CFL1 expression level and the alteration of radiosensitivity were evaluated; the cell radiosensitivity was assessed through cell vitality, invasion and migration experiments after irradiation. Results: 20 ¦Ìmol/L Y-27632 was screened and administrated to inhibit ROCKII in glioma cells followed by 5Gy radiation treatment. The CFL1 level was reduced in both normal U251 and RR-U251 cells. Meanwhile, cell viability, migration and invasion abilities significantly decreased in RR-U251 cells. After being transfected with PAK1-shRNA, cell radiosensitivity were significantly improved in both normal U251 and RR-U251 cells; while CFL1 level showed no significant difference after PAK1 silence . After inhibiting MRCK¦Á expression, cell viability, migration and invasion capabilities significantly reduced in both normal and radioresistant cells; while CFL1 levels showed no significant decrease. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that inhibiting ROCKII of RhoA-RockII-CFL1 pathway could improve radiosensitivity of radioresistant glioma cells and simultaneously down-regulate CFL1 expression; while the inhibiton of PAK1 or MRCK¦Á ameliorated the radiosensitivity with no significant regulation effect on CFL1. In conclusion, the present study emphasize the involvement of ROCKII in CFL1-mediated radioresistant phenotype and provide potential biomarkers for improvement of further clinical radiotherapy.
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Huang, X., W. Wang, H. Fu, G. Yang, B. Wang, and C. Zhang. "A fast input/output library for high resolution climate models." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 3 (September 13, 2013): 4775–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-4775-2013.
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Abstract. We describe the design and implementation of Climate Fast Input/Output (CFIO), a fast input/output (I/O) library for high resolution climate models. CFIO provides a simple method for modelers to overlap the I/O phase with the computing phase automatically, so as to shorten the running time of numerical simulations. To minimize the code modifications required for porting, CFIO provides similar interfaces and features to Parallel network Common Data Form (PnetCDF), which is one of the most widely used I/O libraries in climate models. We deployed CFIO in three high resolution climate models, including two ocean models (POP and LICOM) and one sea ice model (CICE). The experimental results show that CFIO improves the performance of climate models significantly versus the original serial I/O approach. When running with CFIO at 0.1° resolution with about 1000 CPU cores, we managed to reduce the running time by factors of 7.9, 4.6 and 2.0 for POP, CICE, and LICOM respectively. We also compared the performance of CFIO against PnetCDF in different scenarios. For scenarios with both data output operations and computations, CFIO decreases the I/O overhead by a factor of 5.1 compared to PnetCDF.
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Ghosh, Souvik, Meric Ataman, Maciej Bak, Anastasiya Börsch, Alexander Schmidt, Katarzyna Buczak, Georges Martin, et al. "CFIm-mediated alternative polyadenylation remodels cellular signaling and miRNA biogenesis." Nucleic Acids Research 50, no. 6 (March 2, 2022): 3096–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac114.
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Abstract The mammalian cleavage factor I (CFIm) has been implicated in alternative polyadenylation (APA) in a broad range of contexts, from cancers to learning deficits and parasite infections. To determine how the CFIm expression levels are translated into these diverse phenotypes, we carried out a multi-omics analysis of cell lines in which the CFIm25 (NUDT21) or CFIm68 (CPSF6) subunits were either repressed by siRNA-mediated knockdown or over-expressed from stably integrated constructs. We established that >800 genes undergo coherent APA in response to changes in CFIm levels, and they cluster in distinct functional classes related to protein metabolism. The activity of the ERK pathway traces the CFIm concentration, and explains some of the fluctuations in cell growth and metabolism that are observed upon CFIm perturbations. Furthermore, multiple transcripts encoding proteins from the miRNA pathway are targets of CFIm-dependent APA. This leads to an increased biogenesis and repressive activity of miRNAs at the same time as some 3′ UTRs become shorter and presumably less sensitive to miRNA-mediated repression. Our study provides a first systematic assessment of a core set of APA targets that respond coherently to changes in CFIm protein subunit levels (CFIm25/CFIm68). We describe the elicited signaling pathways downstream of CFIm, which improve our understanding of the key role of CFIm in integrating RNA processing with other cellular activities.
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Huang, X. M., W. C. Wang, H. H. Fu, G. W. Yang, B. Wang, and C. Zhang. "A fast input/output library for high-resolution climate models." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2014): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-93-2014.
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Abstract. We describe the design and implementation of climate fast input/output (CFIO), a fast input/output (I/O) library for high-resolution climate models. CFIO provides a simple method for modelers to overlap the I/O phase with the computing phase automatically, so as to shorten the running time of numerical simulations. To minimize the code modifications required for porting, CFIO provides similar interfaces and features to parallel Network Common Data Form (PnetCDF), which is one of the most widely used I/O libraries in climate models. We deployed CFIO in three high-resolution climate models, including two ocean models (POP and LICOM) and one sea ice model (CICE). The experimental results show that CFIO improves the performance of climate models significantly versus the original serial I/O approach. When running with CFIO at 0.1° resolution with about 1000 CPU cores, we managed to reduce the running time by factors of 7.9, 4.6 and 2.0 for POP, CICE, and LICOM, respectively. We also compared the performance of CFIO against two existing libraries, PnetCDF and parallel I/O (PIO), in different scenarios. For scenarios with both data output and computations, CFIO decreases the I/O overhead compared to PnetCDF and PIO.
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Werle, Silke D., Julian D. Schwab, Marina Tatura, Sandra Kirchhoff, Robin Szekely, Ramona Diels, Nensi Ikonomi, et al. "Unraveling the Molecular Tumor-Promoting Regulation of Cofilin-1 in Pancreatic Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 4 (February 10, 2021): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040725.
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Cofilin-1 (CFL1) overexpression in pancreatic cancer correlates with high invasiveness and shorter survival. Besides a well-documented role in actin remodeling, additional cellular functions of CFL1 remain poorly understood. Here, we unraveled molecular tumor-promoting functions of CFL1 in pancreatic cancer. For this purpose, we first show that a knockdown of CFL1 results in reduced growth and proliferation rates in vitro and in vivo, while apoptosis is not induced. By mechanistic modeling we were able to predict the underlying regulation. Model simulations indicate that an imbalance in actin remodeling induces overexpression and activation of CFL1 by acting on transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and aurora kinase A (AURKA). Moreover, we could predict that CFL1 impacts proliferation and apoptosis via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). These initial model-based regulations could be substantiated by studying protein levels in pancreatic cancer cell lines and human datasets. Finally, we identified the surface protein CD44 as a promising therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer patients with high CFL1 expression.
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Skalnik, David G. "The epigenetic regulator Cfp1." BioMolecular Concepts 1, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2010): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc.2010.031.
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AbstractNumerous epigenetic modifications have been identified and correlated with transcriptionally active euchromatin or repressed heterochromatin and many enzymes responsible for the addition and removal of these marks have been characterized. However, less is known regarding how these enzymes are regulated and targeted to appropriate genomic locations. Mammalian CXXC finger protein 1 is an epigenetic regulator that was originally identified as a protein that binds specifically to any DNA sequence containing an unmethylated CpG dinucleotide. Mouse embryos lacking CXXC finger protein 1 die prior to gastrulation, and embryonic stem cells lacking CXXC finger protein 1 are viable but are unable to achieve cellular differentiation and lineage commitment. CXXC finger protein 1 is a regulator of both cytosine and histone methylation. It physically interacts with DNA methyltransferase 1 and facilitates maintenance cytosine methylation. Rescue studies reveal that CXXC finger protein 1 contains redundant functional domains that are sufficient to support cellular differentiation and proper levels of cytosine methylation. CXXC finger protein 1 is also a component of the Setd1 histone H3-Lys4 methyltransferase complexes and functions to target these enzymes to unmethylated CpG islands. Depletion of CXXC finger protein 1 leads to loss of histone H3-Lys4 tri-methylation at CpG islands and inappropriate drifting of this euchromatin mark into areas of hetero-chromatin. Thus, one function of CXXC finger protein 1 is to serve as an effector protein that interprets cytosine methylation patterns and facilitates crosstalk with histone-modifying enzymes.
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Leung, Ting-Kai, Chin-Feng Chan, Ping-Shan Lai, Chih-Hui Yang, Chia-Yen Hsu, and Yung-Sheng Lin. "Inhibitory Effects of Far-Infrared Irradiation Generated by Ceramic Material on Murine Melanoma Cell Growth." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/646845.
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The biological effects of specific wavelengths, so-called “far-infrared radiation” produced from ceramic material (cFIR), on whole organisms are not yet well understood. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of cFIR on murine melanoma cells (B16-F10) at body temperature. cFIR irradiation treatment for 48 h resulted in an 11.8% decrease in the proliferation of melanoma cells relative to the control. Meanwhile, incubation of cells with cFIR for 48 h significantly resulted in 56.9% and 15.7% decreases in the intracellular heat shock protein (HSP)70 and intracellular nitric oxide (iNO) contents, respectively. Furthermore, cFIR treatment induced 6.4% and 12.3% increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species stained by 5-(and 6)-carboxyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and dihydrorhodamine 123, respectively. Since malignant melanomas are known to have high HSP70 expression and iNO activity, the suppressive effects of cFIR on HSP70 and NO may warrant future interest in antitumor applications.
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Kim, Sung Wook, In Kyung Hong, Mingee Kim, Yun Seon Song, and Kyong-Tai Kim. "hnRNP Q and hnRNP A1 Regulate the Translation of Cofilin in Response to Transient Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation in Hippocampal Neurons." Cells 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 3567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123567.
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Protein aggregates of cofilin and actin have been found in neurons under oxygen–glucose deprivation. However, the regulatory mechanism behind the expression of Cfl1 during oxygen–glucose deprivation remains unclear. Here, we found that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP) Q and hnRNP A1 regulate the translation of Cfl1 mRNA, and formation of cofilin–actin aggregates. The interaction between hnRNP A1 and Cfl1 mRNA was interrupted by hnRNP Q under normal conditions, while the changes in the expression and localization of hnRNP Q and hnRNP A1 increased such interaction, as did the translation of Cfl1 mRNA under oxygen–glucose deprived conditions. These findings reveal a new translational regulatory mechanism of Cfl1 mRNA in hippocampal neurons under oxygen–glucose deprivation.
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Sóki, József, Eleonóra Fodor, David W. Hecht, Richard Edwards, Vincent O. Rotimi, Irén Kerekes, Edit Urbán, and Elisabeth Nagy. "Molecular characterization of imipenem-resistant, cfiA-positive Bacteroides fragilis isolates from the USA, Hungary and Kuwait." Journal of Medical Microbiology 53, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.05452-0.
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Fifteen Bacteroides fragilis isolates from the USA, Hungary and Kuwait were examined for carbapenem resistance, for carbapenemase activity and, with the use of various PCR-based methods and nucleotide sequencing, for cfiA genes and activating insertion sequence (IS) elements. All the B. fragilis isolates were cfiA-positive, 10 of the cfiA genes being upregulated by IS elements that are already known. Of these 10, one was of a novel type (designated IS943) and two further ones (IS614B and IS614C) were suspected hybrids of IS612, IS614 and IS942. There were five cfiA-positive imipenem-resistant B. fragilis isolates with elevated imipenem MICs (minimal inhibitory concentration) that harboured no IS insertion upstream of the cfiA gene, but produced carbapenemase; these isolates might possess a novel activation mechanism. On the basis of the available phenotypic and genotypic evidence, the present data suggest that there are at least two cfiA activation mechanisms among B. fragilis isolates.
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Stehling, Oliver, Jae-Hun Jeoung, Sven A. Freibert, Viktoria D. Paul, Sebastian Bänfer, Brigitte Niggemeyer, Ralf Rösser, Holger Dobbek, and Roland Lill. "Function and crystal structure of the dimeric P-loop ATPase CFD1 coordinating an exposed [4Fe-4S] cluster for transfer to apoproteins." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 39 (September 10, 2018): E9085—E9094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807762115.
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Maturation of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) proteins in eukaryotes requires complex machineries in mitochondria and cytosol. Initially, Fe-S clusters are assembled on dedicated scaffold proteins and then are trafficked to target apoproteins. Within the cytosolic Fe-S protein assembly (CIA) machinery, the conserved P-loop nucleoside triphosphatase Nbp35 performs a scaffold function. In yeast, Nbp35 cooperates with the related Cfd1, which is evolutionary less conserved and is absent in plants. Here, we investigated the potential scaffold function of human CFD1 (NUBP2) in CFD1-depleted HeLa cells by measuring Fe-S enzyme activities or 55Fe incorporation into Fe-S target proteins. We show that CFD1, in complex with NBP35 (NUBP1), performs a crucial role in the maturation of all tested cytosolic and nuclear Fe-S proteins, including essential ones involved in protein translation and DNA maintenance. CFD1 also matures iron regulatory protein 1 and thus is critical for cellular iron homeostasis. To better understand the scaffold function of CFD1-NBP35, we resolved the crystal structure of Chaetomium thermophilum holo-Cfd1 (ctCfd1) at 2.6-Å resolution as a model Cfd1 protein. Importantly, two ctCfd1 monomers coordinate a bridging [4Fe-4S] cluster via two conserved cysteine residues. The surface-exposed topology of the cluster is ideally suited for both de novo assembly and facile transfer to Fe-S apoproteins mediated by other CIA factors. ctCfd1 specifically interacted with ATP, which presumably associates with a pocket near the Cfd1 dimer interface formed by the conserved Walker motif. In contrast, ctNbp35 preferentially bound GTP, implying differential regulation of the two fungal scaffold components during Fe-S cluster assembly and/or release.
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Tuan, Tran Manh, Luong Thi Hong Lan, Shuo-Yan Chou, Tran Thi Ngan, Le Hoang Son, Nguyen Long Giang, and Mumtaz Ali. "M-CFIS-R: Mamdani Complex Fuzzy Inference System with Rule Reduction Using Complex Fuzzy Measures in Granular Computing." Mathematics 8, no. 5 (May 3, 2020): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8050707.
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Complex fuzzy theory has strong practical background in many important applications, especially in decision-making support systems. Recently, the Mamdani Complex Fuzzy Inference System (M-CFIS) has been introduced as an effective tool for handling events that are not restricted to only values of a given time point but also include all values within certain time intervals (i.e., the phase term). In such decision-making problems, the complex fuzzy theory allows us to observe both the amplitude and phase values of an event, thus resulting in better performance. However, one of the limitations of the existing M-CFIS is the rule base that may be redundant to a specific dataset. In order to handle the problem, we propose a new Mamdani Complex Fuzzy Inference System with Rule Reduction Using Complex Fuzzy Measures in Granular Computing called M-CFIS-R. Several fuzzy similarity measures such as Complex Fuzzy Cosine Similarity Measure (CFCSM), Complex Fuzzy Dice Similarity Measure (CFDSM), and Complex Fuzzy Jaccard Similarity Measure (CFJSM) together with their weighted versions are proposed. Those measures are integrated into the M-CFIS-R system by the idea of granular computing such that only important and dominant rules are being kept in the system. The difference and advantage of M-CFIS-R against M-CFIS is the usage of the training process in which the rule base is repeatedly changed toward the original base set until the performance is better. By doing so, the new rule base in M-CFIS-R would improve the performance of the whole system. Experiments on various decision-making datasets demonstrate that the proposed M-CFIS-R performs better than M-CFIS.
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He, Wenjian, Sanjeev Das, Wei Zhang, and Yang Liu. "BBB-CFI." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 19, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3371151.
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Groulx, Mathieu, Alexandra Nadeau, Marcel Émond, Jessica Harrisson, Pierre-Gilles Blanchard, Douglas Eramian, and Eric Mercier. "Continuous flow insufflation of oxygen compared with manual ventilation during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A survey of the paramedics." SAGE Open Medicine 9 (January 2021): 205031212110181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121211018105.
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Introduction: In 2018, a continuous flow insufflation of oxygen (CFIO) device (b-card™, Vygon (USA)) placed on a supraglottic airway (SGA) became the standard of care to ventilate patients during adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) care in Quebec–Capitale-Nationale region, Canada. This study aims to assess the paramedics’ perception as well as the disadvantages and the benefits relative to the use of CFIO during OHCA management. Methods: An invitation to complete an online survey (Survey Monkey™) was sent to all 560 paramedics who are working in our region. The survey included 22 questions of which 9 aimed to compare the traditional manual ventilation with a bag to the CFIO using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Results: A total of 244 paramedics completed the survey, of which 189 (77.5%) had used the CFIO device during an OHCA at least once. Most respondents felt that the intervention was faster (70.2%) and easier (86.5%) with the CFIO device compared with manual ventilation. CFIO was also associated with perceived increased patient safety (64.4%) as well as paramedic safety during the evacuation (88.9%) and the ambulance transport (88.9%). Paramedics reported that physical (48.1%) and cognitive (52.9%) fatigue were also improved with CFIO. The main reported barriers were the bending of the external SGA tube and the loss of capnography values. Conclusion: The use of CFIO during adult OHCA care allows a simplified approach and was perceived as safer for the patient and the paramedics compared with manual ventilation. Its impact on patient-centred outcomes needs to be assessed.
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Seidle, Heather, Vidhya Rangaswamy, Robin Couch, Carol L. Bender, and Ronald J. Parry. "Characterization of Cfa1, a Monofunctional Acyl Carrier Protein Involved in the Biosynthesis of the Phytotoxin Coronatine." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 8 (April 15, 2004): 2499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.8.2499-2503.2004.
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ABSTRACT Cfa1 was overproduced in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas syringae, and the degree of 4′-phosphopantetheinylation was determined. The malonyl-coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (FabD) of P. syringae was overproduced and shown to catalyze malonylation of Cfa1, suggesting that FabD plays a role in coronatine biosynthesis. Highly purified Cfa1 did not exhibit self-malonylation activity.
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Yang, Cheng-Hua, and Alex. "DID TECHNOLOGY IMPROVE SAFETY? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CONTROLLED FLIGHT INTO TERRAIN ACCIDENTS." Journal of Air Transport Studies 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v6i1.62.
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Aviation safety has been affected greatly by technological improvements. A series of Ground Proximity Warning Systems (GPWSs) were developed to prevent accidents during Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT). This study analyzed the role of GPWS (or Enhanced GPWS, EGPWS) in flight safety history to determine how effective GPWS/EGPWS was in terms of preventing CFIT. The result showed a substantial increase in CFIT accidents due to the rapid growth of aviation development. This situation improved after the mandatory installation of GPWSs in commercial aircraft. However, the legal requirement did not apply to all general aviation. Most CFIT accidents have involved general aviation aircraft that do not have GPWS/EGPWS installed on board. Thus, the mandatory requirement should apply to all civil aircraft. CFIT accidents have also been reduced considerably in developed countries whereas they remain a major issue in developing countries.
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Lee, Yong Won, and Jae Leame Yoo. "Study of Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Agents for Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT) Autonomous Avoidance." Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics 30, no. 2 (June 2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12985/ksaa.2022.30.2.034.
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Sun, Yujia, Yaoyao Ma, Tianqi Zhao, Mingxun Li, Yongjiang Mao, and Zhangping Yang. "Epigenetic Regulation Mechanisms of the Cofilin-1 Gene in the Development and Differentiation of Bovine Primary Myoblasts." Genes 13, no. 5 (April 21, 2022): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050723.
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As the quality of beef products has received increasing attention, it is essential to explore the underlying transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms of meat traits. Our project uses Qinchuan cattle as the research subject. First, we examined the spatiotemporal expression pattern of the CFL1 gene in a panel of fetal bovine, calf, and adult cattle samples. Then, we performed DNA methylation experiments of CFL1 on myogenesis and muscle maturation using the BSP amplification and COBRA sequencing techniques and found that high DNA methylation levels showed low expression levels. Next, we performed an assay between bta-miR-182 and the CFL1 gene and demonstrated that miR-182 could promote bovine primary myoblast differentiation by negatively regulated the expression of CFL1. Finally, we constructed an adenovirus overexpression and interference vector and found that CFL1 could suppress the differentiation of bovine primary myoblasts. In summary, our experiment comprehensively analyzes the epigenetic regulation mechanisms of the CFL1 gene in the development and differentiation of bovine primary myoblasts. This has far-reaching significance for improving the meat production and meat quality of Qinchuan cattle. This can provide reliable data support and a theoretical research basis for the rapid and efficient breeding selection of local yellow cattle and the genetic improvement of meat quality.
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Tsubota, Shoma, and Kenji Kadomatsu. "Neuroblastoma stem cells and CFC1." Oncotarget 8, no. 28 (June 15, 2017): 45032–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18491.
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Kuppusamy, S., Dr J. Sreerambabu, and D. Ranjith. "Toll Collection Automation Using CFID." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 942–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46297.
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Abstract: In today’s era of technology, wherever machines area unit being extensively employed in all the fields we have a tendency to are attempting to emulate thought, which is able to be of nice use publicly transport systems. Nowadays someone must travel long distances into immensely unknown territories for job, business, or maybe for commercial enterprise. Because the vehicles area unit increasing and roads area unit falling short, today we have a tendency to see oftentimes traffic jams or long queues at the while not Toll stations anticipating paying the while not Toll. Paying the while not Toll every-time through money or checking the pass takes heaps of your time. And nowadays Time is additional precious than cash. So our project is geared toward reducing time consumed for manual transactions and human effort. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) means that providing electronic identity to any object. Electronic info regarding the item is hold on in RFID chip embedded or connected to the item. It’s a locality of automation that has quickly been gaining momentum in recent years and is currently being seen as a radical means that of enhancing knowledge handling processes, complementary in many ways to different knowledge capturing technologies like bar-coding. vary|a variety spread of devices and associated systems area unit offered to satisfy even broader range of applications which is able to amendment the course of business significantly within the supply-chain space.
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Yan, Youliang, and Xixiong Xu. "To be more philanthropic when joining the government-controlled business association? Evidence from Chinese private firms." Chinese Management Studies 15, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 456–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-06-2020-0237.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether and how affiliation with the government-controlled business association, namely, China Federation of Industry and Commerce (CFIC), affects corporate philanthropy in an emerging market. Design/methodology/approach Through an analysis of survey data gathered from Chinese private firms, this paper conducts multiple regressions to examine the impact of the CFIC membership on corporate philanthropy. Findings Empirical results show that the CFIC membership of private entrepreneurs is significantly positively associated with corporate philanthropy. Moreover, this study finds that the provincial marketization level and the firm Communist Party branch attenuate the positive association between CFIC membership and corporate philanthropy, indicating that the effect of CFIC on corporate philanthropy is more pronounced in regions with lower marketization level and firms without Communist Party branch. The findings are robust to various alternate measures of corporate philanthropy and remain valid after controlling for potential endogeneity. Practical implications Firms will be more active in corporate philanthropy to respond to the government’s governance appeal when they join the CFIC. This highlights the implications of political connections and in particular on the value of government-controlled business associations in the Chinese business world. Originality/value This study extends the literature on the determinants of corporate philanthropy and deepens the theoretical understanding of the governance role of business association with Chinese characteristics.
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Zahra, Novina Sabila, Widyastuti Widyastuti, and Ahmad Ridfah. "Psychometric Characteristics of the Culture Fair Intelligence Test Scale 2." JP3I (Jurnal Pengukuran Psikologi dan Pendidikan Indonesia) 11, no. 2 (November 25, 2022): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jp3i.v11i2.25947.
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This study aims to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the CFIT-scale-2, including investigation of difficulty level, discrimination, distractor effectiveness, DIF (Differential item functioning), IRT (Item Response Theory) 2PL model, validity, and reliability. Respondents were 507 students with 245 (48%) females and 262 (52%) males, with ages ranged from 8-13 years (M= 10.88; SD = 1.35). The classical test theory (CTT) analysis showed that the item difficulty level on the CFIT-scale-2 had varying item difficulty levels, from easy to difficult. However, the test arrangement was not structured according to the suggested difficulty level from easy to medium to difficult. The discrimination of items was poor because 28 items were not included in the very good category (p > .40). In addition, 47 (25%) of the 184 distractors are ineffective. CFIT-scale-2 did not contain DIF (Adj.p > .05), and IRT analysis showed that the CFIT-scale-2 was not structured according to the difficulty pattern from easy, medium, and difficult. The CFIT-scale-2 based on IRT analysis contained 44 items or 96% with good discrimination. The results of a construct validity test using the CFA technique showed a good fit model (p < .001; RMSEA < .08; SRMR < .08), which was acceptable and supported the fit between the theoretical and empirical model. The reliability coefficient value of Cronbach's alpha was 0.88 (α > .70), indicating that the CFIT-scale-2 had good reliability, but the construct reliability was below an acceptable value (CR < .69). According to this study, the psychometric characteristics of the CFIT-scale-2 should be revised and reevaluated.
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Custódio, Paulo R., Jucimara Colombo, Fabrício V. Ventura, Tialfi B. Castro, and Debora A. P. C. Zuccari. "Melatonin Treatment Combined with TGF-β Silencing Inhibits Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition in CF41 Canine Mammary Cancer Cell Line." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520620666200407122635.
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Background: Mammary cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in female dogs. The main cause of mortality is the occurrence of metastasis. The metastatic process is complex and involves the Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), which can be activated by Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) and involves changes in cellular phenotype, as well as, in the expression of proteins such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin and claudin-7. Melatonin is a hormone with oncostatic and anti-metastatic properties and appears to participate in the TGF-β pathway. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the expression of EMT markers, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin and claudin-7, as well as, the cell migration of the canine mammary cancer cell line, CF41, after treatment with melatonin and TGF-β silencing. Methods: Canine mammary cancer cell line, CF41, was cultured and characterized in relation to markers ER, PR and HER2. Cell line CF41 with reducing expression level of TGF-βwas performed according to Leonel et al. (2017). Expression of the protein E-caderin, N-cadherin, vimentin and claudin-7 was evaluated by immunocytochemistry and quantified by optical densitometry. The analysis of cell migration was performed in transwell chambers with 8μM pore size membrane. Results: CF41 cells present a triple negative phenotype, which is an aggressive phenotype. Immunocytochemistry staining showed increased expression of E-caderin and claudin-7 (P˂0.05) and decreased expression of N-cadherin and vimentin (P˂0.05) in CF41 cells after treatment with 1mM melatonin and TGF-β silencing. Moreover, treatment with melatonin and TGF-β silencing was able to reduce migration in cell line CF41 (P˂0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggests that therapies combining TGF- β1 silencing and melatonin may be effective in suppressing the process of EMT, corroborating the hypothesis that melatonin acts on the TGF-β1 pathway and can reduce the metastatic potential of CF41 cells. This is so far the first study that reports melatonin treatment in CF41 cells with TGF-β1 silencing and its effect on EMT. Thus, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Gonzalez-Castillo, Carmen, Rafael Rubio, and Tania Zenteno-Savin. "Coronary flow-induced inotropism is modulated by binding of dextrans to the endothelial luminal surface." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): H1348—H1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00323.2002.
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In isolated perfused guinea pig hearts, coronary flow causes a positive inotropic effect [positive coronary flow-induced effect (+CFIE)] that could be altered by dextrans (Dx) in the coronary perfusion solution. To test this possibility, Dx of 20, 40, 70, and 500 kDa were infused and found to modulate +CFIE; however, when Dx infusion was terminated, the effect persisted, i.e., was irreversible/nonwashable, suggesting that Dx may bind to luminal endothelial lectinic structures. This hypothesis was tested when Dx [with fluorescent traces (D*)] bound to the vessel wall was hydrolyzed by dextranase infusion and washout of D* fragments completely reverted the +CFIE, and it was found that bound D* to be displaced by free Dx required concentrations 50–100 times that used during binding. In addition, dose-response curves for Dx on +CFIE show that the higher the Dx molecular mass, the lesser the concentration required to have an effect. Because a large Dx molecule has a greater number polymeric glucose branches, it can bind to a larger number of endothelial lectinic sites, requiring a lower concentration to affect +CFIE. Our results suggest that luminal endothelial lectinic structures are part of the flow-sensing assembly.
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Sunaguchi, Naoki, Yoshiki Yamakoshi, and Takahito Nakajima. "A Color-Doppler Shear-Wave-Imaging Phase-reconstruction Method Using Four Color Flow Images." Ultrasonic Imaging 39, no. 3 (November 30, 2016): 172–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0161734616680985.
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This study investigates shear wave phase map reconstruction using a limited number of color flow images (CFIs) acquired with a color Doppler ultrasound imaging instrument. We propose an efficient reconstruction method to considerably reduce the number of CFIs required for reconstruction and compare this method with Fourier analysis-based color Doppler shear wave imaging. The proposed method uses a two-step phase reconstruction process, including an initial phase map derived from four CFIs using an advanced iterative algorithm of optical interferometry. The second step reduces phase artifacts in the initial phase map using an iterative correction procedure that cycles between the Fourier and inverse Fourier domains while imposing directional filtering and total variation regularization. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method using synthetic and experimental data of a breast phantom and human breast tissue. Our results show that the proposed method maintains image quality and reduces the number of CFIs required to four; previous methods have required at least 32 CFIs to achieve equivalent image quality. The proposed method is applicable to real-time shear wave elastography using a continuous shear wave produced by a mechanical vibrator.
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Kattail, MD, MHS, FAAP, Deepa, and Anne Niec, MD, FRCPC. "Caregiver-fabricated illness in a child prescribed long-term opioids and benzodiazepines." Journal of Opioid Management 16, no. 2 (March 18, 2020): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2020.0562.
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Caregiver-fabricated illness in a child (CFIC) can result in unnecessary, potentially harmful medical investigations and treatment. As pediatric pain has historically been undertreated, the movement for more compassionate treatment has led to an increase in analgesic prescribing in children and adolescents. Overall, this has been a positive change but this may also lead to unintentional harm, particularly if CFIC is not considered as a possibility in the presentation. We present a case in which CFIC was associated with long-term prescribing of opioids, benzodiazepines, and other central nervous system depressants.
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McCarthy, Sharon A., Matthew Chinman, Shari S. Rogal, Gloria Klima, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, Maria K. Mor, Mala Shah, et al. "Tracking the randomized rollout of a Veterans Affairs opioid risk management tool: A multi-method implementation evaluation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)." Implementation Research and Practice 3 (January 2022): 263348952211146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26334895221114665.
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Background The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) developed the Stratification Tool for Opioid Risk Mitigation (STORM) dashboard to assist in identifying Veterans at risk for adverse opioid overdose or suicide-related events. In 2018, a policy was implemented requiring VHA facilities to complete case reviews of Veterans identified by STORM as very high risk for adverse events. Nationally, facilities were randomized in STORM implementation to four arms based on required oversight and by the timing of an increase in the number of required case reviews. To help evaluate this policy intervention, we aimed to (1) identify barriers and facilitators to implementing case reviews; (2) assess variation across the four arms; and (3) evaluate associations between facility characteristics and implementation barriers and facilitators. Method Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we developed a semi-structured interview guide to examine barriers to and facilitators of implementing the STORM policy. A total of 78 staff from 39 purposefully selected facilities were invited to participate in telephone interviews. Interview transcripts were coded and then organized into memos, which were rated using the −2 to + 2 CFIR rating system. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the mean ratings on each CFIR construct, the associations between ratings and study arm, and three facility characteristics (size, rurality, and academic detailing) associated with CFIR ratings. We used the mean CFIR rating for each site to determine which constructs differed between the sites with highest and lowest overall CFIR scores, and these constructs were described in detail. Results Two important CFIR constructs emerged as barriers to implementation: Access to knowledge and information and Evaluating and reflecting. Little time to complete the CASE reviews was a pervasive barrier. Sites with higher overall CFIR scores showed three important facilitators: Leadership engagement, Engaging, and Implementation climate. CFIR ratings were not significantly different between the four study arms, nor associated with facility characteristics. Plain Language Summary: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) created a tool called the Stratification Tool for Opioid Risk Mitigation dashboard. This dashboard shows Veterans at risk for opioid overdose or suicide-related events. In 2018, a national policy required all VHA facilities to complete case reviews for Veterans who were at high risk for these events. To evaluate this policy implementation, 78 staff from 39 facilities were interviewed. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) implementation framework was used to create the interview. Interview transcripts were coded and organized into site memos. The site memos were rated using CFIR's −2 to +2 rating system. Ratings did not differ for four study arms related to oversight and timing. Ratings were not associated with facility characteristics. Leadership, engagement and implementation climate were the strongest facilitators for implementation. Lack of time, knowledge, and feedback were important barriers.
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Grossman, John D., Eric J. Camire, Calina A. Glynn, Christopher M. Neil, Bryan O. Seguinot, and Deborah L. Perlstein. "The Cfd1 Subunit of the Nbp35-Cfd1 Iron Sulfur Cluster Scaffolding Complex Controls Nucleotide Binding." Biochemistry 58, no. 12 (February 20, 2019): 1587–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00798.
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Widians, J. Angelina, and Irwan Aditya Saputra. "APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR SKORING TES IQ MENGGUNAKAN ALAT CFIT." Sebatik 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v17i1.78.
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Sistem Pakar merupakan suatu bagian dari kecerdasan buatan yang mengandung pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang digunakan untuk memecahkan berbagai masalah, pembuatan aplikasi sistem pakar skoring tes IQ dengan alat CFIT berbasis desktop ini memberikan kemudahan kepada user yang ingin melakukan tes IQ CFIT. Penyajian tes-tes yang dilakukan melalui desktop diharapkan dapat memberi banyak manfaat dan mudah diimplementasikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Forward Chaining untuk menentukan IQ seseorang. Input dari sistem pakar skoring tes IQ dengan alat CFIT ini adalah soal-soal tes IQ yang terdiri dari 50 soal yang telah disediakan. Kemudian proses yang dilakukan adalah dengan menjawab soal-soal yang ada didalam sistem tersebut dengan durasi yang telah ditentukan. Output dari sistem pakar skoring tes IQ dengan alat CFIT ini adalah menentukan IQ seseorang. Dengan adanya sistem ini kita dapat memperkenalkan bahwa memilih metode atau alat tes IQ akan lebih mudah diterapkan dalam memanfaatkan teknologi.
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Xu, Lingfei, Cuihua Gao, Mark S. Sands, Shi-Rong Cai, Timothy C. Nichols, Dwight A. Bellinger, Robin A. Raymer, Stephanie McCorquodale, and Katherine Parker Ponder. "Neonatal or hepatocyte growth factor–potentiated adult gene therapy with a retroviral vector results in therapeutic levels of canine factor IX for hemophilia B." Blood 101, no. 10 (May 15, 2003): 3924–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-10-3050.
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AbstractHemophilia B is a bleeding disorder resulting from factor IX (FIX) deficiency that might be treated with gene therapy. Neonatal delivery would correct the disease sooner than would transfer into adults, and could reduce immunological responses. Neonatal mice were injected intravenously with a Moloney murine leukemia virus–based retroviral vector (RV) expressing canine FIX (cFIX). They achieved 150% to 280% of normal cFIX antigen levels in plasma (100% is 5 μg/mL), which was functional in vitro and in vivo. Three newborn hemophilia B dogs that were injected intravenously with RV achieved 12% to 36% of normal cFIX antigen levels, which improved coagulation tests. Only one mild bleed has occurred during 14 total months of evaluation. This is the first demonstration of prolonged expression after neonatal gene therapy for hemophilia B in mice or dogs. Most animals failed to make antibodies to cFIX, demonstrating that neonatal gene transfer may induce tolerance. Although hepatocytes from newborns replicate, those from adults do not. Adult mice therefore received hepatocyte growth factor to induce hepatocyte replication prior to intravenous injection of RV. This resulted in expression of 35% of normal cFIX antigen levels for 11 months, although all mice produced anti-cFIX antibodies. This is the first demonstration that high levels of FIX activity can be achieved with an RV in adults without a partial hepatectomy to induce hepatocyte replication. We conclude that RV-mediated hepatic gene therapy is effective for treating hemophilia B in mice and dogs, although the immune system may complicate gene transfer in adults.
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Selamet Tierney, Elif Seda, Zvi Marans, Melissa B. Rutkin, and Wendy K. Chung. "Variants of the CFC1 gene in patients with laterality defects associated with congenital cardiac disease." Cardiology in the Young 17, no. 3 (April 20, 2007): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951107000455.
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Objectives: This study was designed to assess the frequency and types of genetic variants in CFC1 in children with laterality disorders associated with cardiovascular involvement. Background: Laterality syndromes are estimated to comprise 3% of neonates with congenital cardiac disease. Genetic predisposition in some cases of laterality defects has been suggested by associated chromosomal anomalies and familial aggregation, often within consanguineous families, suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance. Mice with induced homozygous mutations in cfc1, and heterozygous CFC1 mutations in humans, have been associated with laterality defects. Methods: Direct sequence analysis of the coding sequence of CFC1 was performed in 42 subjects with laterality defects and congenital cardiac disease. Results: We identified 3 synonymous coding variants, 3 non-synonymous coding variants (N21H, R47Q, and R78W), and 2 intronic variants in CFC1. The N21H variant was observed in 3 of 19 affected Caucasians, and the R47Q variant in another 2. Neither polymorphism was observed in Caucasian controls. Furthermore, all subjects with the N21H polymorphism had double outlet right ventricle. Transmission of both the N21H and R47Q polymorphisms from unaffected parents was demonstrated, and all three non-synonymous variants had significant allele frequencies in unaffected African-American subjects, suggesting that other factors must also contribute to laterality defects. Conclusions: Three non-synonymous variants in CFC1 were identified, the N21H variant being associated with laterality defects in Caucasians, but not fully penetrant. One or more of these non-synonymous missense variants may act as a susceptibility allele in conjunction with other genes, and/or environmental factors, to cause laterality defects.
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Baltzer, Sandrine, Timur Bulatov, Christopher Schmied, Andreas Krämer, Benedict-Tilman Berger, Andreas Oder, Ryan Walker-Gray, et al. "Aurora Kinase A Is Involved in Controlling the Localization of Aquaporin-2 in Renal Principal Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020763.
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The cAMP-dependent aquaporin-2 (AQP2) redistribution from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane of renal collecting duct principal cells induces water reabsorption and fine-tunes body water homeostasis. However, the mechanisms controlling the localization of AQP2 are not understood in detail. Using immortalized mouse medullary collecting duct (MCD4) and primary rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells as model systems, we here discovered a key regulatory role of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) in the control of AQP2. The AURKA-selective inhibitor Aurora-A inhibitor I and novel derivatives as well as a structurally different inhibitor, Alisertib, prevented the cAMP-induced redistribution of AQP2. Aurora-A inhibitor I led to a depolymerization of actin stress fibers, which serve as tracks for the translocation of AQP2-bearing vesicles to the plasma membrane. The phosphorylation of cofilin-1 (CFL1) inactivates the actin-depolymerizing function of CFL1. Aurora-A inhibitor I decreased the CFL1 phosphorylation, accounting for the removal of the actin stress fibers and the inhibition of the redistribution of AQP2. Surprisingly, Alisertib caused an increase in actin stress fibers and did not affect CFL1 phosphorylation, indicating that AURKA exerts its control over AQP2 through different mechanisms. An involvement of AURKA and CFL1 in the control of the localization of AQP2 was hitherto unknown.
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Choi, Gyuri, Kyeongsik Nam, Mookyoung Yoo, Sanggyun Kang, Byeongkwan Jin, Kyounghwan Kim, Hyeoktae Son, and Hyoungho Ko. "Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier Using Dual-Chopper Fill-in Technique." Applied Sciences 12, no. 20 (October 17, 2022): 10471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122010471.
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In this study, we describe a dual-chopper glitch-reduction current-feedback instrumentation amplifier (CFIA) with a ripple reduction loop. The amplifier employs the chopping technique to reduce low-frequency noise, such as 1/f noise. A glitch caused by chopping occurs at each chopper clock edge and results in intermodulation distortion (IMD). Owing to the input offset, the chopping technique also produces ripples. In this study, the glitch-induced IMD was reduced using a fill-in technique whereby only neat signals were alternately used as outputs by avoiding the glitch section with dual-chopping channel CFIA. To avoid using a high-order, low-frequency filter, a ripple reduction loop was implemented to reduce the ripple generated by chopping. The CFIA is based on a low-noise chopper fully differential difference amplifier with a cascode stage and a Monticelli-class AB output stage, which can drive a larger load and increase power efficiency. The proposed dual-chopper CFIA was fabricated using a 0.18 µm CMOS standard process, and its current consumption with a 1.8-V power supply is 29.5 μA. The proposed CFIA has a gain of 51 V/V, input referred noise of 53.3 nV/√Hz at 1 Hz, and a noise efficiency factor of 4.48.
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Song, Ge, and Yunming Ye. "A Dynamic Ensemble Framework for Mining Textual Streams with Class Imbalance." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/497354.
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Textual stream classification has become a realistic and challenging issue since large-scale, high-dimensional, and non-stationary streams with class imbalance have been widely used in various real-life applications. According to the characters of textual streams, it is technically difficult to deal with the classification of textual stream, especially in imbalanced environment. In this paper, we propose a new ensemble framework, clustering forest, for learning from the textual imbalanced stream with concept drift (CFIM). The CFIM is based on ensemble learning by integrating a set of clustering trees (CTs). An adaptive selection method, which flexibly chooses the useful CTs by the property of the stream, is presented in CFIM. In particular, to deal with the problem of class imbalance, we collect and reuse both rare-class instances and misclassified instances from the historical chunks. Compared to most existing approaches, it is worth pointing out that our approach assumes that both majority class and rareclass may suffer from concept drift. Thus the distribution of resampled instances is similar to the current concept. The effectiveness of CFIM is examined in five real-world textual streams under an imbalanced nonstationary environment. Experimental results demonstrate that CFIM achieves better performance than four state-of-the-art ensemble models.