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Journal articles on the topic 'Chalcidini'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Hammond, N. G. L. "The Chalcidians and ‘Apollonia of the Thraceward Ionians’." Annual of the British School at Athens 90 (November 1995): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824540001621x.

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The excavations at Torone, Mende, and some other sites have produced evidence of continuous contact between Chalcidice and southern Greece from early in the Iron Age. We can now understand more clearly the relationship between the earliest Greek settlers and those of the colonizing period, and we can tackle some problems of topography in the Chalcidian peninsula from a new angle.

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2

Marcicano, Maria-Dulce L., Iracilda M. M. Lima, Marcelo T. Tavares, and Mirna M. Casagrande. "Parasitism of Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Brassolinae) Pupae by Conura morleyi (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae, Chalcidini), in the State of Alagoas, Brazil." Neotropical Entomology 36, no. 4 (2007): 629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-566x2007000400026.

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3

Edwards, M. J. "Chalcidico versu." L'antiquité classique 59, no. 1 (1990): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/antiq.1990.2293.

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4

Lyngnes, R. "A useful Chalcidid, Trigonoderus tristisWalk." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 39, no. 3 (2009): 368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1956.tb01256.x.

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5

Ferrière, Ch. "Un Chalcidien parasite de Néuroptères Coniopterygides." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 45, no. 2 (2009): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1960.tb01341.x.

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6

Schuster, R. K. "Oochoristica chalcidesi n. sp. (Eucestoda: Linstowiidae) from the ocellated skink, Chalcides ocellatus (Forskal, 1775) in the United Arab Emirates." Journal of Helminthology 85, no. 4 (2011): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x10000842.

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AbstractFive out of ten ocellated skinks (Chalcides ocellatus) examined in Dubai between 2007 and 2010 were infected with cestodes of the genus Oochoristica. Out of the 36 collected tapeworms seven specimens were used to describe a new species. Oochoristica chalcidesi n. sp. belongs to the group of species with 25 to 35 testes arranged in two clusters. The lobes of the ovary are subdivided into 4–5 lobules in a similar way as O. ubelakeri described from Agama atra in Namibia. Both species differ in the presence of a neck, a lower number of mature segments in O. chalcidesi n. sp. and a different position of the cirrus pouch in relation to the ovary, as well as in the distribution of uterine capsulae in gravid segments.

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7

Pereira, A. G., R. B. Silva, M. M. Dias, and A. M. Penteado-Dias. "Study on the Hymenoptera parasitoid associated with Lepidoptera larvae in reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste) São Carlos, SP, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 75, no. 4 (2015): 783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.21913.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the local fauna of Hymenoptera parasitoids associated with Lepidoptera larvae in areas of reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). Lepidoptera larvae collected with entomological umbrella were kept in the laboratory until emergence of adults or their parasitoids. From those collected in the agrosilvopastoral system, emerged 267 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids belonging to 16 genera: Braconidae, Agathidinae (Alabagrus), Braconinae (Bracon), Microgastrinae (Cotesia, Diolcogaster, Glyptapanteles, Pholetesor and Protapanteles), Orgilinae (Orgilus); Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae (Casinaria, Charops and Microcharops); Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Brachymeria and Conura); Eulophidae, Entedoninae (Horismenus), Eulophinae (Elachertus and Euplectrus). From the Lepidoptera larvae collected in the reforestation, emerged 68 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids, belonging to 8 genera: Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Conura); Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae (Neotheronia), Campopleginae (Charops and Microcharops) and Braconidae, Microgastrinae (Apanteles, Diolcogaster, Distatrix, Glyptapanteles and Protapanteles). The results of this study suggest the occurrence of a wide variety of Hymenoptera parasitoids in the studied environments.

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8

CECCHI, LORENZO, ISABELLA BETTARINI, ILARIA COLZI, et al. "The genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae) in Albania: Taxonomy and Nickel accumulation in a critical group of metallophytes from a major serpentine hot-spot." Phytotaxa 351, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/hytotaxa.351.1.1.

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Metal hyperaccumulator plants represent a unique biological resource for scientific research and practical applications. Though essential, however, an adequate knowledge of the systematics of these plants is often missing. This is the case of Odontarrhena, a large but taxonomically critical group of nickel hyperaccumulators from Eurasia. We present a study on this genus in Albania, to fill a gap in our knowledge of this group from a major centre of diversity of metallicolous flora, and to contribute updated information to the Global Hyperaccumulator Database. Morphological and karyological analyses of material from field collections across all major serpentine outcrops in the country, in different years and seasons, allowed to delimit seven taxa: O. albiflora, O. chalcidica, O. moravensis, O. sibirica, O. decipiens, O. smolikana subsp. glabra and O. rigida. The three latter taxa have been long neglected and were resurrected in view of their clear distinctness, while commonly accepted taxa such as O. bertolonii subsp. scutarina and O. markgrafii were reduced to synonymy of O. chalcidica due to the lack of consistent differentiation. Polyploidy was prevalent, while diploid complements were typical of the two vicariant endemics O. rigida and O. moravensis. Types are indicated or newly designated for each entity, and nomenclatural issues are addressed based on in-depth studies of literature and herbarium material. Revised descriptions, phenology, habitat and distribution data are given for each taxon, as well as original iconographies and chromosome counts. A revised identification key is provided. Shoot nickel concentrations were determined to assess accumulation levels of taxa and populations in natural conditions and their potential for phytoextraction of this metal from the soil. With ca. 23000 and 17000 µg of Ni g-1 of shoot dry weight, respectively, the tetraploids O. chalcidica and O. decipiens were the most promising candidates, especially the latter for its robust habit.

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9

CECCHI, LORENZO, ISABELLA BETTARINI, ILARIA COLZI, et al. "The genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae) in Albania: Taxonomy and Nickel accumulation in a critical group of metallophytes from a major serpentine hot-spot." Phytotaxa 351, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.1.1.

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Metal hyperaccumulator plants represent a unique biological resource for scientific research and practical applications. Though essential, however, an adequate knowledge of the systematics of these plants is often missing. This is the case of Odontarrhena, a large but taxonomically critical group of nickel hyperaccumulators from Eurasia. We present a study on this genus in Albania, to fill a gap in our knowledge of this group from a major centre of diversity of metallicolous flora, and to contribute updated information to the Global Hyperaccumulator Database. Morphological and karyological analyses of material from field collections across all major serpentine outcrops in the country, in different years and seasons, allowed to delimit seven taxa: O. albiflora, O. chalcidica, O. moravensis, O. sibirica, O. decipiens, O. smolikana subsp. glabra and O. rigida. The three latter taxa have been long neglected and were resurrected in view of their clear distinctness, while commonly accepted taxa such as O. bertolonii subsp. scutarina and O. markgrafii were reduced to synonymy of O. chalcidica due to the lack of consistent differentiation. Polyploidy was prevalent, while diploid complements were typical of the two vicariant endemics O. rigida and O. moravensis. Types are indicated or newly designated for each entity, and nomenclatural issues are addressed based on in-depth studies of literature and herbarium material. Revised descriptions, phenology, habitat and distribution data are given for each taxon, as well as original iconographies and chromosome counts. A revised identification key is provided. Shoot nickel concentrations were determined to assess accumulation levels of taxa and populations in natural conditions and their potential for phytoextraction of this metal from the soil. With ca. 23000 and 17000 µg of Ni g-1 of shoot dry weight, respectively, the tetraploids O. chalcidica and O. decipiens were the most promising candidates, especially the latter for its robust habit.

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10

Gowri, Prakash, Sagadai Manickavasagam, and Rasappan Kanagarajan. "New records of chalcidid (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) pupal parasitoids from India." Biodiversity Data Journal 4 (January 21, 2016): e6900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.4.e6900.

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11

Psoma, Sélènè. "Notes sur le début du monnayage fédéral des Chalcidiens de Thrace." Revue numismatique 6, no. 152 (1997): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/numi.1997.2146.

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12

Fentress, Elizabeth. "On the block: catastae, chalcidica and cryptae in Early Imperial Italy." Journal of Roman Archaeology 18 (2005): 220–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400007315.

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13

Coppi, Andrea, Alan J. M. Baker, Isabella Bettarini, et al. "Population Genetics of Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae) from Albania: The Effects of Anthropic Habitat Disturbance, Soil, and Altitude on a Ni-Hyperaccumulator Plant Group from a Major Serpentine Hotspot." Plants 9, no. 12 (2020): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9121686.

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Albanian taxa and populations of the genus Odontarrhena are most promising candidates for research on metal tolerance and Ni-agromining, but their genetic structure remains unknown. We investigated phylogenetic relationships and genetic differentiation in relation to distribution and ploidy of the taxa, anthropic site disturbance, elevation, soil type, and trace metals at each population site. After performing DNA sequencing of selected accessions, we applied DNA-fingerprinting to analyze the genetic structure of 32 populations from ultramafic and non-ultramafic outcrops across Albania. Low sequence divergence resulted in poorly resolved phylograms, but supported affinity between the two diploid serpentine endemics O. moravensis and O. rigida. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed significant population differentiation, but no isolation by distance. Among-population variation was higher in polyploids than in diploids, in which genetic distances were lower. Genetic admixing at population and individual level occurred especially in the polyploids O. chalcidica, O. decipiens, and O. smolikana. Admixing increased with site disturbance. Outlier loci were higher in serpentine populations but decreased along altitude with lower drought and heat stress. Genetic variability gained by gene flow and hybridization at contact zones with “resident” species of primary ultramafic habitats promoted expansion of the tetraploid O. chalcidica across anthropogenic sites.

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14

Couri, M. S., M. T. Tavares, and R. R. Stenzel. "Parasitoidism of Chalcidid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) on Philornis sp. (Diptera, Muscidae)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 66, no. 2a (2006): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842006000300022.

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Philornis Meinert larvae are known as parasites of birds, with coprophagous, semi-hematophagous or hematophagous habits. Biological data of the larvae of the fifty described species are still scarcely known. Here we describe some aspects of the parasitism of a species of Philornis on Thalurania glaucopis Gmelin (Trochilidae) and record two species of Chalcididae (Hymenoptera) parasitoids, Conura annulifera (Walker, 1864) and Brachymeria podagrica (Fabricius, 1787), reared from Philornis puparia.

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15

Blackman, David, and Maria Costanza Lentini. "The shipsheds of Sicilian Naxos, researches 1998–2001: a preliminary report." Annual of the British School at Athens 98 (November 2003): 387–435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400016932.

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Remains discovered in excavations at Naxos in 1981–3, underlying structures belonging to the settlement which has been recognized as the mansio mentioned in the Antonine Itinerary, have now been firmly identified as the dockyard of the Greek city, the first Greek colony in Sicily and a Chalcidian foundation; an ally of Athens in the fifth century, it was therefore destroyed by Dionysios I of Syracuse in 403 BC. One rock-cut shipshed has been excavated for its surviving length (the lower end is lost under modern buildings); there is pottery evidence for the construction of its north wall in the mid-fifth century BC.As with the installation of the democracy after the return of the Chalcidian exiles from Leontinoi, the work may have been inspired and encouraged by Athens. Installations of an earlier phase are also starting to appear. A selection of pottery evidence and of the remains of roof components (tiles and antefixes) is published.The side walls of at least four shipsheds have been found just inside the city wall, and these respect the orientation of the fifth-century urban plan. The clear width of the shipshed excavated (5.45 m) confirms the evidence of other recent excavations: the previously held view that trireme shipsheds had a clear width of 5.75–6 m will have to be revised. The back 5–6 m of the shipshed do not seem to have been part of the slipway proper; possible explanations are suggested.

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16

van Deusen, Nancy. "The Image of the Harp and Trecento Reception of Plato's Phaedo." Florilegium 7, no. 1 (1985): 155–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/flor.7.010.

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Until recently, “Platonism” as a concept had been fairly well-established: in all likelihood nothing new would come out of looking carefully into the early translations of Plato’s dialogues. Generally, it was thought that all of the dialogues — with the exception of Plato's Timaeus, available in Chalcidius’ partial translation and extensive commentary, and, for example, also in the subsequent twelfth-century commentary by William of Conches — were translated from Greek into Latin and hence were influential only in the course of the fifteenth century, particularly due to the efforts of the Florentine humanist, Marsilio Ficino.

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17

ALISHA, SHEKH, ANKITA GUPTA, and D. K. RANA. "Diversity of chalcidids (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) from different agro-climatic zones of Chhattisgarh, India." Journal of Biological Control 34, no. 2 (2020): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2020/25433.

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18

Katherine, Karamanoli, Papaioannou Athanasios, and Sofogianni Stella. "Soil fertility and productivity estimation of Pinus pinaster Aiton reforestations in Central and Northeast Chalcidice in Northern Greece." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 10 (2017): 470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/68/2017-jfs.

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Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) is a notable fast-growing conifer, native to the Western Mediterranean Basin, which is considered suitable for reforestations. This tree species was artificially installed in Chalcidice, Northern Greece, about 40 years ago, in order to upgrade mountain ecosystems. The experiment reported in this paper was undertaken to estimate soil conditions and the development progress of maritime pine in the above reforestations. Samples of mineral soil and forest floor were taken from 12 different sites at 2 locations. Despite age, rather weak maritime pine trees are found in both studied locations. Furthermore, significant accumulation of organic matter and nutrients was observed in both forest floor and mineral soil.

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19

Hanna, A. D. "THE MALE AND THE FEMALE GENITALIA AND THE BIOLOGY OF EUGHALCIDIA CARYOBORI HANNA (HYMENOPTERA, CHALCIDINAE)." Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 82, no. 1 (2009): 107–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1934.tb00030.x.

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20

Kerrich, G. J. "A SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE CHALCIDID GENUS UGA GIRAULT (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), PARASITES OF EPILACHNINE BEETLES." Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Series B, Taxonomy 29, no. 9-10 (2009): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1960.tb01154.x.

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21

Abdel-Ghaffar, Fathy, Kohar Garo Varjabedian, Saleh Al Quraishy, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber, Mona Fol, and Noha Talal. "Morphological description and phylogenetic assessment of 28S rRNA for Thelandros chalcidiae sp. nov. from Chalcides ocellatus." Molecular Biology Reports 47, no. 5 (2020): 3705–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05412-8.

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22

Rosenkranz, Theresa, Christina Hipfinger, Charline Ridard, and Markus Puschenreiter. "A nickel phytomining field trial using Odontarrhena chalcidica and Noccaea goesingensis on an Austrian serpentine soil." Journal of Environmental Management 242 (July 2019): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.073.

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23

GUL, MUHAMMAD ATHAR, AHMED M. SOLIMAN, HATHAL M. Al DHAFER, and NEVEEN S. GADALLAH. "Species of Dirhinus Dalman, 1818 (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae, Dirhininae) from Saudi Arabia: new species and a new record." Zootaxa 4483, no. 3 (2018): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4483.3.3.

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The species of chalcidid wasps of Dirhinus Dalman, 1818 (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) from Saudi Arabia are reviewed. Seven species are reported from Al Bahah, Asir, Jazan and Riyadh regions, of which three have hitherto been recorded: D. (Dirhinus) anthracia Walker, 1846, D. (Dirhinus) himalayanus Westwood, 1836 and D. (Dirhinus) wohlfahrtiae Ferrière, 1935. One species D. (Dirhinus) claviger Bouček & Narendran, 1981 is recorded for the first time from Saudi Arabia (Asir). Additionally, three new species: D. (Dirhinus) asirensis sp. nov. (Asir), D. (Dirhinus) sculpturatus sp. nov. (Al Bahah, Asir and Riyadh) and D. (Pareniaca) transversus sp. nov. (Al Bahah, Asir and Jazan) are described and illustrated. An illustrated key to females of the species of Dirhinus from Saudi Arabia is provided.

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24

Akamatis, Nikos. "DISCOVERING MACEDONIAN RED-FIGURE POTTERY: A NEW PELIKE ATTRIBUTED TO THE PELLA WORKSHOP." Annual of the British School at Athens 109 (November 2014): 223–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245414000161.

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The question of the appearance, operating conditions and diffusion of the products of local red-figure pottery workshops in the fourth centurybc, in conjunction with the spread of Attic red-figure ware and its influence on local potteries, has been a focus of research in recent years. The result has been the recognition of a number of local workshops all across Greece, including those of Chalcidice, Boeotia, Euboea, Corinth, Elis, Sparta, Crete and the Agrinion Group. This article examines a red-figure pelike made by a previously unknown local workshop that was very likely located in Pella, the capital of the Kingdom of Macedonia. This vessel was in storage in the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki and is one of the best-preserved examples from that Macedonian workshop. In shape and decoration it recalls Attic vases of the second half of the fourth centurybc, and particularly the work of Group G and the Amazon Painter. The pelike dates fromc.320bcand is attributed to the Pella B Painter.

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25

Knoepfler, Denis. "Le calendrier des Chalcidiens de Thrace. Essai de mise au point sur la liste et l'ordre des mois eubéens." Journal des savants 1, no. 1 (1989): 23–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/jds.1989.1521.

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26

Roques, A., and J. P. Raimbault. "Cycle biologique et répartition deMegastigmus wachtli(Seitn.) (Hymenoptera, Torymidae), chalcidien ravageur des graines de cyprès dans le Bassin Méditerranéen." Journal of Applied Entomology 101, no. 1-5 (1986): 370–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1986.tb00871.x.

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27

Steinhart, Matthias, and William J. Slater. "Phineus as monoposiast." Journal of Hellenic Studies 117 (November 1997): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632561.

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The name vase of the Phineus painter in Würzburg is the largest of all known Chalcidian cups. Dated c. 530, it is also one of the most important narrative works of art of the sixth century (PLATE V). Accordingly, it is scarcely surprising that the vase itself has been often described and interpreted. If we offer now a further analysis, it is rather to exemplify and elaborate the judgment of Erika Simon that ‘the vase has the same charm as the fragments of archaic lyric’. In fact, we believe that the vase provides us with a closer and more interesting parallel to archaic lyric than has been realized, and at the same time allows us to perceive that the artist was deliberately attempting to provide us not just with a mythical history, but more specifically with an exemplum, a story from which we are required to make a deduction by analogy, or with an ainos, a story where the point is not explicitly stated, both well known features of archaic narrative.

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28

De Bonis, Alberto, Verena Gassner, Theodoros Ntaflos, et al. "5th-Century BC Himera and the Campanian Connection: Petrographic and Archaeological Studies on Western Greek Amphorae from Poseidonia and Elea Unearthed in the Necropolis of Himera." Minerals 10, no. 3 (2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10030227.

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Within the frame of an in-depth study of the corpus of about 560 western Greek transport amphorae (6th–5th century BC) yielded from excavations at the necropolis of the Dorian-Chalcidian colony of Himera in North-western Sicily, one of the most interesting issues consists in the determination of their provenance. Based on archaeological considerations, nearly 100 items have been attributed to southern Campania, specifically to Poseidonia and Elea. The present paper proposes a detailed combined archaeological-archaeometric investigation of 16 samples discovered at Himera and one at Jerba (Tunisia), of presumed Campanian provenance, compared with 4 local reference samples from Poseidonia and 6 samples of western Greek amphorae found at Pithekoussai and Elea, attributed to Poseidonia by previous archaeometric analysis. All samples have been submitted to a macroscopic fabric examination according to the standard methods of FACEM (Fabrics of the Central Mediterranean) and to petrographic investigation (polarised light microscopy) and digital image analyses of microstructures. Our study points to a Campanian provenance of the investigated amphorae and their distinction in a large group from Poseidonia and a small group from Elea. The identification of a numerous assemblage of 5th century BC Poseidonian transport vessels at Himera substantially underlines an earlier hypothesis about its ‘Campanian connection’ and allows for the reconstruction of an important Tyrrhenian commercial axis.

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29

Montana, Giuseppe, Luciana Randazzo, and Babette Bechtold. "The Beginning of Western Greek Amphorae Production in Western Sicily: Archaeometric and Archaeological Studies on 6th–5th Centuries BCE Amphorae Manufactured in Himera." Minerals 10, no. 9 (2020): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10090762.

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About 560 western Greek amphorae (6th–5th centuries BCE) re-used in enchytrismos burials were unearthed in the necropolis of the Dorian-Chalcidian colony of Himera in northwestern Sicily. Among the most striking issues is the determination of their geographical provenance. For this purpose, ceramic samples chipped from freshly broken surfaces of all the amphorae were first subdivided into macrofabrics by the use of a hand lens. Thereon, the samples were studied in accordance with standardized methods by the use of reflected light microscopy. Due to the special focus of our project on the characterization of Sicilian productions, a selection of amphorae which showed visible, macroscopic affinities with the majority of the macrofabrics previously attributed to the region of Himera was submitted for thin-section petrography at the polarizing microscope and chemical analyses (ICP-MS and ICP/OES). This new data set was compared with reference samples investigated by previous research, referring to ceramic raw clays of the colony’s territory and local tablewares of the Iato K480-type. Our study confirms the local manufacture of the entire selection of transport vessels. The identification of a production of western Greek wine (?) amphorae in Himera dating mainly from the third quarter of the 6th to the first quarter of the 5th century BCE breaks new grounds in view of a better interpretation of the colony’s economic development during the later archaic period. Furthermore, it underlines Himera’s prominent position within the wider frame of regional economic interaction.

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30

Sétamou, M., F. Schulthess, G. Goergen, H. M. Poehling, and C. Borgemeister. "Natural enemies of the maize cob borer, Mussidia nigrivenella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin, West Africa." Bulletin of Entomological Research 92, no. 4 (2002): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2002175.

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AbstractMussidia nigrivenella Ragonot is a pest of maize cobs in West Africa. It significantly reduces maize yields and grain quality, with quantitative losses of 2–25% at harvest, and up to 10–15% indirect losses due to an increase in storage pest infestation levels. Infestation by M. nigrivenella also significantly increased the susceptibility of maize to Aspergillus flavus infection and subsequent aflatoxin contamination. Surveys conducted in different agro-ecological zones of Benin on cultivated and wild host plants during 1994–1997 revealed one egg parasitoid, three larval parasitoids and one pupal parasitoid attacking M. nigrivenella. Egg parasitism was scarce on all host plants sampled and in all four agro-ecological zones. Parasitism by larval and pupal parasitoids was usually less than 10%, and varied with host plant species. Both larval and pupal parasitoids were rare or absent in cultivated maize fields. The solitary chalcidid pupal parasitoid, Antrocephalus crassipes Masi, was the predominant species, contributing approximately 53% of the observed mortality. Logistic regression analysis indicated that this parasitoid was more prevalent on fruits of Gardenia spp. (Rubiaceae) than on the other host plant species including maize used by M. nigrivenella, and was most abundant between February and September. The differences in parasitoid diversity and parasitism between Benin and other regions suggest that there are opportunities for biological control through introduction of exotic parasitoids or using the ‘new association’ approach, which uses natural enemies of closely related host species that occupy similar ecological niches to the target pest.

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31

Albajes, R., B. Lumbierres, X. Pons, and J. Comas. "Representative taxa in field trials for environmental risk assessment of genetically modified maize." Bulletin of Entomological Research 103, no. 6 (2013): 724–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485313000473.

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AbstractWhen assessing the benefits and risks of transgenic crops, one consideration is their relative effects on non-target arthropod (NTA) abundance and functions within agroecosystems. Several laboratory and field trials have been conducted in Spain since the late 1990s to assess this issue. A consideration in the design of field trials is whether it is necessary to sample most NTAs living in the crop or only representative taxa that perform main ecological functions and have a good capacity to detect small changes in their abundance. Small changes in the field abundance of an effective representative taxon should be detectable using standard experimental protocols. The ability of a species to reveal differences across treatments may be analysed by examining the detectable treatment effects for surveyed non-target organisms. Analysis of data from several NTAs recorded in 14 field trials conducted over 10 years using complete block designs allowed us to select a number of representative taxa capable of detecting changes in the density or activity of arthropod herbivores, predators, parasitoids and decomposers in transgenic and non-transgenic maize varieties. The most suitable NTA as representative taxa (with detectable treatment effects below 50%) included leafhoppers among arthropod herbivores, Orius spp., Araneae, and Carabidae among predators, chalcidids, particularly the family Mymaridae, among parasitoids and Chloropidae as decomposer. Details of sampling techniques for each sampled taxa and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. It is concluded that abundance of taxa is the most influential factor determining their capacity to detect changes caused by genetically modified varieties.

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Hopewell, Tyler, Federico Selvi, Hans-Jürgen Ensikat, and Maximilian Weigend. "Trichome Biomineralization and Soil Chemistry in Brassicaceae from Mediterranean Ultramafic and Calcareous Soils." Plants 10, no. 2 (2021): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10020377.

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Trichome biomineralization is widespread in plants but detailed chemical patterns and a possible influence of soil chemistry are poorly known. We explored this issue by investigating trichome biomineralization in 36 species of Mediterranean Brassicaceae from ultramafic and calcareous soils. Our aims were to chemically characterize biomineralization of different taxa, including metallophytes, under natural conditions and to investigate whether divergent Ca, Mg, Si and P-levels in the soil are reflected in trichome biomineralization and whether the elevated heavy metal concentrations lead to their integration into the mineralized cell walls. Forty-two samples were collected in the wild while a total of 6 taxa were brought into cultivation and grown in ultramafic, calcareous and standard potting soils in order to investigate an effect of soil composition on biomineralization. The sampling included numerous known hyperaccumulators of Ni. EDX microanalysis showed CaCO3 to be the dominant biomineral, often associated with considerable proportions of Mg—independent of soil type and wild versus cultivated samples. Across 6 of the 9 genera studied, trichome tips were mineralized with calcium phosphate, in Bornmuellera emarginata the P to Ca-ratio was close to that of pure apatite-calcium phosphate (Ca5(PO4)3OH). A few samples also showed biomineralization with Si, either only at the trichome tips or all over the trichome. Additionally, we found traces of Mn co-localized with calcium phosphate in Bornmuellera emarginata and traces of Ni were detected in trichomes of the Ni-hyperaccumulator Odontarrhena chalcidica. Our data from wild and cultivated plants could not confirm any major effect of soil chemistry on the chemistry of trichome biominerals. Hyperaccumulation of Ni in the plants is not mirrored in high levels of Ni in the trichomes, nor do we find large amounts of Mn. A comparison based on plants from cultivation (normal, calcareous and serpentine soils, Mg:Ca-ratios ca 1:2 to 1:20) shows at best a very weak reflection of different Mg:Ca-ratios in the mineralized trichomes. The plants studied seem to be able to maintain highly conserved biomineralization patterns across a wide range of soil chemistries.

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Saad, R. F., G. Echevarria, B. Rodríguez-Garrido, P. Kidd, and E. Benizri. "A two-year field study of nickel-agromining using Odontarrhena chalcidica co-cropped with a legume on an ultramafic soil: temporal variation in plant biomass, nickel yields and taxonomic and bacterial functional diversity." Plant and Soil 461, no. 1-2 (2021): 471–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-04834-y.

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Larrain, Carlos J. "Kommentar zu Galen De motibus dubiis in der mittelalterlichen lateinischen Übersetzung des Niccolò da Reggio." Traditio 51 (1996): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362152900013350.

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Aus den folgenden Anmerkungen zur mittelalterlichen Übersetzung von Galen De motibus dubiis geht einerseits die Beziehung der Schrift zum Gesamtwerk Galens klarer hervor; andererseits wird dabei die schon erwähnte Kenntnis, die Nemesius von dieser Schrift gehabt hat, ausführlicher belegt. Darüberhinaus belegen die nachfolgenden Anmerkungen eine Beziehung dieser Schrift Galens zu der Schrift De fato des Ps. Plutarch und zur stoischen Denkweise, wie ich sie in bezug auf den Timaioskommentar Galens schon anderswo angemerkt habe. Ein Zeugnis aus Theodoret belegt zusätzlich den nicht-christlichen Charakter der Ausführungen dieser Schrift. Andererseits scheinen sich die Erklärungen des Clemens Alexandrinus in Stromateis I, XVII: 53, 14 sqq. (sowie auch 60, 12 sqq.: τò αὐτόματον) gegen die Auffassung unserer Schrift, Seite 216, VII 38 sqq. zu richten. Zum Vergleich s. a. die christliche Stellungnahme zu diesen und ähnlichen Fragen bei Jo. Damascenus (nach Nemesius); vgl. De fide orthodoxa II, cap. 12–30 (PG 94: 925–80. Klar geht aus diesen Addenda auch hervor, daß die in dieser Schrift vertretene Lehre, oder besser die Lehre, die eine folgerichtige Erklärung für viele der Aussagen dieser Schrift liefert, eng 1) mit der Lehre, die aus den von mir erstveröffentlichten Fragmenten des Timaioskommentars Galens hervorgeht; und 2) mit der Lehre, die in Ps. Plutarch De fato entfaltet ist, und somit auch mit den betreffenden Partien aus Nemesius und Chalcidius zusammenhängt, wie ich es in bezug auf den Timaioskommentar Galens geschildert habe. Ihrerseits erhellen sich aus diesen drei sich gegenseitig erklärenden Schriften manche Ansichten, die uns aus Galens Gesamtwerk bekannt sind. Für Ps. Plutarch De fato ist eine Datierung in der Zeit Trajans oder vielmehr in der zweiten Hälfte des zweiten Jahrhunderts (so Valgiglio 319) bislang akzeptiert worden. Ebenso ist die Zuweisung der Fragmente des Timaioskommentars an Galen bis jetzt nicht ernsthaft in Zweifel gezogen worden. Die vorliegende Schrift De motibus dubiis ist gleichfalls unter dem Namen Galens überliefert und soll dies auch bleiben, solange seine Urheberschaft nicht begründeterweise angezweifelt wird. Wir haben es also hier mit einer Lehre zu tun, die A. Gercke folgendermaßen trefflich charakterisiert hat: “im Anschlusse an Platon werden Naturordnung und Vorsehung gegliedert und geordnet und mit der Weltseele, den Himmelssphären, den drei Parzen und drei Götterklassen in Verbindung gesetzt. Aristoteles liefert logische Erörterungen über das Mögliche mit Beispielen; die Stoa wird zwar bekämpft oder vielmehr ihre Lehre eingeschränkt und umgebogen: aber vielleicht ohne daß der Verfasser sich dessen bewußt ist, verdankt er ihr ein gut Theil seiner Anschauungen” (vgl. auch Valgiglio 325 sq.).

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RATKOWITSCH, CHRISTINE. "DIE TIMAIOS-ÜBERSETZUNG DES CHALCIDIUS EIN PLATO CHRISTIANUS." Philologus 140, no. 1 (1996). http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/phil.1996.140.1.139.

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VOKOTOPOULOU, IOULIA, and ANASTASIOS-PHOEBUS CHRISTIDIS. "A CYPRIOT GRAFFITO ON AN SOS AMPHORA FROM MENDE, CHALCIDICE." Kadmos 34, no. 1 (1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kadm.1995.34.1.5.

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Valdés Guía, Miriam. "Pallas and a Female Pyrrhic Dance for Athena in Attica." Mnemosyne, December 2, 2020, 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-bja10045.

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Abstract In Attica, Pallas was a giant apparently related to the sanctuary of Athena at Pallene. Pallene recalled the eponymous Chalcidian region and thus echoed the myth of the Gigantomachy. In some versions, Athena performed the Pyrrhic dance after defeating the giants. In other versions, however, Pallas was also a Titan, the father of Athena and another young woman. This maiden was the alter ego of the goddess and died at the hands of Athena in an hoplomachia. In this paper, I explore the possibility that some representations of a female Pyrrhic dance relating to Athena on red-figure vases may reflect a ritual in fifth-century Athens. This ritual was presumably associated with the Pallenian sanctuary where the Gigantomachy was evoked and a mimêsis of the goddess in arms seems to have taken place.

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Berti, Stefano. "La dedica degli Ateniesi per la vittoria su Beoti e Calcidesi del 506 a.C. (IG I3 501) e la sua collocazione topografica." Istituto Lombardo - Accademia di Scienze e Lettere - Memorie, July 24, 2013, 9–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/memo.2012.74.

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The monument - a quadriga - the Athenians dedicated on the Acropolis for their victory over the Boeotians and the Chalcidians in 506 B.C. has always aroused great interest, both in antiquity and down to the present day: not only is the monument well attested by ancient sources, but it was also restored around the middle of the 5th century, as witnessed by inscriptions; consequently, the 6th century original and the 5th century restoration have been the subject of a long scholarly debate. This paper focuses on the topographical context of the victory monument and that of its restoration, trying to ascertain where they were dedicated. Accordingly, modern theories are critically reviewed and ancient sources thoroughly examined. The latter, together with epigraphical, religious and political reasons, suggest that the original quadriga and its restoration were erected on the same site inside the Acropolis.

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Ikhsan, Zahlul, Hidrayani ., Yaherwandi ., Hasmiandy Hamid, and Rosichon Ubaidillah. "Species Diversity and Composition of Chalcidids Wasps (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera) on Tidal Swamp Rice Field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia." Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal, Of (July 23, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ag.d-332.

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Background: Indragiri Hilir District has the most extensive rice harvest area and is the most significant contributor to rice production in Riau Province. Family Chalcididae is a parasitoid insect that can act as a biological agent to reduce pest attacks on rice. This research aimed to study the species diversity of Chalcididae on tidal swamp rice fields in Indragiri Hilir District. Methods: Sampling was carried out in two periods of rice planting. Samplings were conducted in 4 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang, Reteh and Tembilahan Hulu, using three sampling techniques (i.e., insect net, malaise trap and yellow pan trap). Diversity index (H’), Species richness index (d), Species Evenness index (J’) and Similarity Index (Is) were calculated. Result: We found 127 individuals consisting of 5 genera and 11 species of Chalcididae were found in the four studied areas. Among them, Antrocephalus lugubris, A. maculipennis, Brachymeria excarinata, B. minuta and Dirhinus anthracia. B. excarinata and Antrocephalus sp. are reported as a new record to Indonesia and were found in all study locations. B. excarinata has the highest abundance of individuals. The shape of the landscape can influence the diversity index, species abundance and individual abundance of Chalcididae.

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