Journal articles: 'CHAMBER FURNACE'

1

Pozdieiev, Serhii, Vadym Nizhnyk, Yurii Feshchuk, Valeriia Nekora, Oleksandr Nuianzin, and Taras Shnal. "Investigation of the influence of the configuration of the fire furnace chamber on the temperature regime during the implementation of tests for fire resistance." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 1(112) (2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239235.

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The issue related to the conditions for creating the required temperature regime of fire when testing structures for fire resistance has not been studied in detail up to now. That necessitated determining the technical conditions under which it is possible to comply with the standard temperature regime of fire in the fire chamber of the furnace. The influence of the design parameters of the fire furnace chamber on the condition of compliance with the standard fire temperature regime when tested for fire resistance has been established. One of the most effective methods for examining such an impact is computer simulation. A computer model of the fire furnace was built on the basis of a comprehensive analysis and earlier work on the study of such furnaces, taking into consideration technical characteristics, in particular, geometrical parameters, fuel and air supply systems. The obtained research results are a prerequisite for scientific substantiation of the design parameters of fire furnaces and their engineering systems, which is necessary to comply with the standard temperature regime of fire in the furnace fire chamber. This makes it possible to provide the necessary conditions for testing building structures for fire resistance in compliance with the requirements of the relevant standards. The computer model constructed makes it possible to create the necessary temperature regime in the fire chamber of the furnace (in this study, the standard temperature of fire). As a result of the study, the technical parameters of the fuel supply and ventilation system were determined, which ensure compliance with the standard temperature regime in the fire chamber of the furnace. That makes it possible to build an automated complex of the testing process for fire resistance of building structures. In addition, the data obtained can be the basis for the design of such fire furnaces with the ability to comply with different fire temperature regimes without the intervention of the operator.

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Mininni, Giuseppe, Vincenzo Lotito, Roberto Passino, and Ludovico Spinosa. "Influence of sludge cake concentration on the operating variables in incineration by different types of furnaces." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 2 (1998): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0107.

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The influence of cake concentration on fuel consumption, air requirement and flue gas production in incineration of sewage sludge is discussed. Fluidized bed (FBF), multiple hearth (MHF) and rotary kiln (RKF) furnaces are considered as alternatives together with the optional use of an afterburning chamber where exhaust gases are taken at 950°C for 2 s with an oxygen concentration of 6% by volume. It clearly appears that, if an afterburning chamber is used, and total minimum fuel consumption can be achieved at an optimal value of cake concentration (45.9% for FBF and 32.5% for MHF) when autogenous conditions are reached in the furnace and air addition is no longer needed in the afterburning chamber. At higher concentrations, abundant exhaust gas productions, due to the dilution air needed in the furnace, can considerably increase fuel consumption in the afterburning chamber, especially in MHF operation. In the rotary kiln furnace, fuel requirement decreases over the whole range of cake concentration as no conditions for autogenous combustion in the furnace can be achieved.

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Rimar, Miroslav, Andrii Kulikov, Marcel Fedak, et al. "Mathematical Model of a Heating Furnace Implemented with Volumetric Fuel Combustion." Processes 8, no. 4 (2020): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8040469.

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Heating flame furnaces are the main type of furnaces used for heating and heat treatment of metal products in metallurgy and mechanical engineering. In the working chamber of a modern heating furnace, there should be neither high-temperature nor stagnation zones. One of the methods used to provide such combustion conditions is the application of distributed (volumetric) combustion. Owing to this method, heating quality is ensured by creating a uniform temperature field and equivalent heat exchange conditions, regardless of the placement of the charge in the working chamber of the furnace. In this work, we numerically study the volumetric combustion and influences of small- and large-scale recirculation ratios of furnace gases, the influence of temperature fluctuation on the regenerator nozzle, and the working parameters at the starting phase and reverse.

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Yan, Qing Song, Huan Yu, Chang Chun Cai, Bo Wen Xiong, and Gang Lu. "Effect of Pressurizing Process on Molten Aluminum Alloy and Furnace Chamber Temperature of Vacuum Counter- Pressure Casting." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.581.

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In pressurizing process of vacuum counter-pressure casting, the pressurizing pressure and velocity are very important parameters. Through testing the change of molten aluminum alloy and furnace chamber temperature with the time at difference pressurizing pressure and velocity, the effect of pressurizing process on molten aluminum alloy and furnace chamber temperature of vacuum counter- pressure casting is studied. The results indicate the furnace chamber temperature reduces abruptly at beginning of pressurizing process, subsequently, it elevates to the initial temperature. Moreover, the change of the furnace chamber temperature is finished in the short time. But the change of molten aluminum alloy temperature is not obvious in pressurizing process. At identical pressurizing velocity, the change of the furnace chamber temperature is bigger with increase of pressurizing pressure. Similarly, at identical pressurizing pressure, the change of the furnace chamber temperature is bigger with increase of pressurizing velocity too. Moreover, the effect of pressurizing velocity on the furnace chamber temperature is bigger than pressurizing pressure, and the change of the furnace chamber temperature don’t have effect on the change of molten aluminum alloy temperature.

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Dzurňák, Róbert, Augustin Varga, Gustáv Jablonský, et al. "Influence of Air Infiltration on Combustion Process Changes in a Rotary Tilting Furnace." Processes 8, no. 10 (2020): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8101292.

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Air infiltration into the combustion chambers of industrial furnaces is an unwanted phenomenon causing loss of thermal efficiency, fuel consumption increase, and the subsequent increase in operating costs. In this study, a novel design for a rotary tilting furnace door with improved construction features is proposed and tested experimentally in a laboratory-scale furnace, aimed at air infiltration rate reduction by decreasing the gap width between the static furnace door and the rotating body. Temperatures in the combustion chamber and oxygen content in the dry flue gas were measured to document changes in the combustion process with the varying gap width. Volumetric flow values of infiltrating air calculated based on measured data agree well with results of numerical simulations performed in ANSYS and with the reference calculation procedure used in relevant literature. An achievable air infiltration reduction of up to 50% translates into fuel savings of around 1.79 to 12% of total natural gas consumption of the laboratory-scale furnace. The average natural gas consumption increase of around 1.6% due to air infiltration into industrial-scale furnaces can thus likewise be halved, representing fuel savings of almost 0.3 m3 per ton of charge.

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Cabrić, B., M. Kovacević, and T. Pavlović. "Crystallization in a chamber furnace." Journal of Applied Crystallography 30, no. 4 (1997): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889896013544.

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A model of an air cooler (`cold finger') in a laboratory chamber furnace, for simultaneous regulation of different crystallization rates in a series of Tamman test tubes with the purpose of obtaining crystals, is given.

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Flores Saldívar, Alfredo Alan, Rodrigo Juárez Martínez, Alfredo Flores Valdés, Jesús Torres Torres, Rocío Maricela Ochoa Palacios, and Yun Li. "Mathematical Modelling for Furnace Design Refining Molten Aluminum." Metals 11, no. 11 (2021): 1798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111798.

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The design of an aluminium melting furnace has faced two challenges: mathematical modelling and simulative optimization. This paper first uses fluid dynamics to model the aluminium process mathematically. Then, the model is utilized to simulate a round shaped reverberatory furnace for melting aluminium alloys. In order to achieve the highest thermal efficiency of the furnace, modelling and simulation are performed to predict complex flow patterns, geometries, temperature profiles of the mixture-gas air through the main chamber, as well as the melting tower attached to the furnace. The results led to the establishment of optimal position and angle of the burner, which are validated through physical experiments, ensuring recirculation of the combustion gases through the melting chamber and the melting tower. Furthermore, a proper arrangement of refractory materials is derived to avoid heat losses through the outer surface of the furnace. Temperature profiles are also determined for the optimization to arrive at the final design of the furnace. Compared with manual designs previously practiced, the simulation-based optimal design of furnaces offers excellent guidance, an increase in the aluminium processing and magnesium removal for more refined alloys, and an increased processing rate of aluminium chip accession.

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Cabric, B., and A. Janicijevic. "Cooler for obtaining crystals in a crucible furnace." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 3 (2003): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889803006708.

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An air cooler (`cold key') is presented with a movable branchy Tamman test tube (`test comb') installed in a laboratory crucible furnace for regulation and simultaneous crystallization tests at different temperature gradients and crystallization rate intervals, with the purpose of obtaining crystals. This method can also be applied in tube or chamber furnaces.

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9

Kita, Jaroslaw, Annica Brandenburg, Irina Sudina, and Ralf Moos. "3D-Shaping of Ceramic Tapes to Manufacture a High-Temperature Miniaturized Furnace." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, CICMT (2015): 000282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-tha15.

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This contribution shows results of 3D-shaping experiments of ceramic tapes. The structures were made by wrapping structured tapes around a hexagonal alumina rod. After lamination, the rod was removed and the structure was finally fired, similarly as reported in [1]. One out of many possible applications of such structures is a miniaturized furnace for sintering of critical materials, which could contaminate expensive chamber furnaces, for tempering of single gas sensors, or for fast heating at controlled rate. While LTCC technology can be applied only up to 600–700 °C, application of HTCC tapes can extend temperature range to above 1000 °C. Therefore, 99.99% alumina tape (ESL 44007) was used. The here-shown miniaturized furnace has a hexagonal form. For a proper temperature distribution in the furnace chamber, the furnace was equipped with six platinum heaters that can be controlled independently. Finite Elements Analysis (FEM) supported the design process. The paper discusses manufacturing route, beginning with a design process supported by FEM through 3D-shaping by wrapping structured tapes around an alumina rod and finally firing and functionality tests.

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Fantner, E. B., B. Koppelhuber-Bitschnau, F. A. Mautner, P. Doppler, and J. Gautsch. "A New High-Temperature Furnace Chamber." Materials Science Forum 278-281 (April 1998): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.278-281.260.

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11

Čabrić, B., T. Pavlović, and B. Žižić. "Crystallization in a laboratory chamber furnace." Journal of Applied Crystallography 27, no. 2 (1994): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889893009173.

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12

Farsani, Reza Eslami, Farshad Akhlaghi, and Arman Sedghi. "The Effect of the Pyrolysis Furnace Type on the Yield of Silicon Carbide Whiskers Produced from Rice Husks." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.346.

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The production of silicon carbide whiskers (SiCw) by using rice husks has attracted a considerable attention due to a lower production cost as compared to the other processing routs. In the present investigation, the effect of pyrolysis furnace type (vertical tube, horizontal tube, and graphite chamber) on the yield of the resultant SiCw was investigated. It was concluded that the maximum yield was achieved by using a horizontal tube furnace whereas the minimum yield was obtained in a vertical tube furnace. These results were rationalized in terms of the different conditions for the evacuation of the produced gases from the different pyrolysis furnaces.

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13

Yaroschuk, A. M. "EGYPT, DASHUR: AN ANCIENT CO/CO2 GAS GENERATOR DISCOVERED ON THE LOWER LEVEL OF THE BENT PYRAMID OF SNEFERU." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 2 (June 29, 2017): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2017-2-104-110.

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The article researches the design and the purpose of the lower tier chamber in the Bent Pyramid of Sneferu in Dashure. The review of the earlier archeological research materials has shown that the purpose of the chamber has not been determined. In the process of the current research a technological link between the lower and the upper tiers of the pyramid has been found. It has been proven that the lower tier elements (the chamber itself, the shaft, and the chimney) all together comprised an ancient furnace – a CO/CO2 gas generator. Its purpose was to produce a mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide gas to fill the space of the upper tier of the pyramid. The goal of the architect or was to make the pyramid chambers deadly for burglars. Constructive similarities between the furnace in the lower tier of the Sneferu Pyramid and the modern CO/CO2 gas generator have been established. A theory about the presence of the secret chambers in the pyramid, including the chamber containing the Sarcophagus of the Pharaoh has been substantiated. A theory explaining the purpose of changing the shape and the construction of the Bent Pyramid specifically has been proposed.

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14

Revun, M. P., V. Yu Zinchenko, V. I. Ivanov, and A. I. Cheprasov. "OPTIMIZATION OF HEATING OPERATION CONTROL IN CHAMBER-TYPE THERMAL FURNACE." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 61, no. 8 (2018): 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-8-644-648.

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Using local systems of automatic control of temperature and surplus pressure of heating in the working volume of flaming thermal furnace of chamber type, settings, as a rule, are selected separately without the account of their interconnection. At the same time in control of expense of fuel and air not only temperature but also pressure changes in the working chamber of furnace, that, in turn, is accompanied by change of gaseous exchange with a medium and renders substantial influence temperature in a working chamber. All this is accompanied by substantial excessive consumption of gaseous fuel, and, as a result, by the rise of costs of metal heat treatment. Using heating chart with the constant volume of products of burning in the furnaces of such type, the control of its heat power is in combining charges of different components of gaseous fuel at condition of providing of the given temperature in the working volume. According to the principle of Bellman dynamic programming, optimization of control for the cycle of metal heat treatment was provided by choice of the applied fuel which is optimal on a cost composition for every period of quantum. The present cost of fuel serves as the linear function of middle charges of its separate components in periods of quantum and finding of its minimum value for every discrete moment of time, presented as a decision of task of the linear programming. The determination algorithm for optimal values of charges of gaseous fuel separate components was worked out, as well as for the expense of surplus air, used as controlling influences for the automatic systems of adjusting of temperature and surplus pressure of heating medium in the working volume of furnaces. The functional cart of automatic control system is provided, which implementation allows not only optimization of heating technology by cost of separate fuel components, but also provision of the control autonomy of temperature and surplus pressure of heating medium in the working chamber of furnaces of chamber type by means of self-adjustment. In real-time control process is executed with optimization of cost of separate components of fuel self-adjustment of the system.

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Khalilarya, Shahram, and Amin Lotfiani. "Determination of flow pattern and its effect on NOx emission in a tangentially fired single chamber square furnace." Thermal Science 14, no. 2 (2010): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1002493k.

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Tangentially fired furnaces are vortex combustion units which have become more attractive in the field of power station firing systems in recent years. Although the application of tangentially fired furnace continuously increases, they have not yet been adequately investigated. The present work provides a numerical study of flow pattern and its effect on NOx emission in a single chamber square tangentially fired furnace. Details of the flow field, along with temperature and species concentration contour maps are obtained from the solution of the conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy, and transport equations for scalar variables in addition to the equations of the turbulence model. Four cases with different inlet air velocities are studied. Combustion in a natural gas-fired horizontal furnace with circular cross-section is simulated to verify the simulation methodology and the solution algorithm. Results are compared with those of the existing references and good agreement is observed. Calculations for the tangentially fired furnace show that while the vortex created in the center of the furnace becomes stronger as the burner outlet air velocity increases, its size remains almost unchanged. Highest-temperature regions are favorably far from the furnace walls so that erosion and local over-heating can be minimized. According to the results, higher inlet air velocities lead to more uniform temperature distributions with lower peak temperatures, which in turn result in remarkable reduction of NOx emission of the furnace.

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Vohmyakov, A. M., M. D. Kazyaev, and D. M. Kazyaev. "CHAMBER FURNACE WITH DIVIDING THE WORKING SPACE." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 56, no. 9 (2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2013-9-30-33.

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Revun, M. P., V. Yu Zinchenko, V. I. Ivanov, and A. I. Cheprasov. "Optimal Thermal Control of a Chamber Furnace." Steel in Translation 48, no. 8 (2018): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0967091218080120.

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Čabrić, B., N. Danilović, and B. Žižić. "A crystallization cooler in a chamber furnace." Journal of Crystal Growth 169, no. 1 (1996): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(96)00383-1.

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Vafin, D. B. "Thermal and aerodynamic characteristics of tube furnaces with wall burners of two types." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912401001.

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Tube furnaces of the petrochemical and oil refining industries are energy-intensive devices. The differential method for calculating the complex heat transfer in the furnaces is used to study the flow fields and the temperature of the combustion products in the radiation chambers of technological tube furnaces with two types of wall burners, which are placed on several levels on the sidewall. In a furnace designed for the conversion of methane mixed with steam in the reaction tubes, acoustic burners for burning natural gas near the wall are installed in three tiers on the side lined sidewalls of the radiation chamber. In the primary reforming furnace of natural gas for the production of ammonium nitrate, wall-type burners are installed on six levels. The method used is based on the joint numerical integration of the two-dimensional differential equations of energy transfer by radiation using the S2-approximation of the discrete ordinate method, the energy conservation equations, the equations of turbulent motion of a gas mixture, the k-e turbulence model and the two-stage gas fuel combustion model. The calculated fields of temperature and flue gas flow obtained with the help of a computer program implementing the proposed method are discussed.

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Constant, Aurore, Nicolas Camara, Phillippe Godignon, Maxime Berthou, Jean Camassel, and Jean Manuel Decams. "Rapid and Efficient Oxidation Process of SiC by In Situ Multiple RTP Steps." Materials Science Forum 645-648 (April 2010): 817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.817.

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Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) has been evaluated as an alternative to conventional furnace technique for oxidation of 4H- and 3C-SiC. We show that the growth of the SiO2 films in a RTP chamber is orders of magnitude faster than in a conventional furnace. As well as being fast, this process leads to oxide films with quality comparable or even better than the one grown in classical furnaces. Studying different gas for oxidizing and annealing ambient, we demonstrate that SiO2/SiC interface is significantly improved when using N2O instead of O2 or even N2-O2 dilution.

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Hong, Ji Chao, Tie Zhu Zhang, and Hong Xin Zhang. "The Design and Research of the New Energy Efficient Combustion Stove." Applied Mechanics and Materials 467 (December 2013): 502–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.467.502.

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For overcoming flaws of traditional gas stove and kitchen ventilator, the structure and principle of internal combustion stove was proposed. While working, the mixture of oil smoke, water vapor, air and natural gas was completely mixed and burned in furnace chamber. The inner pressure of furnace chamber is higher than atmosphere. In the process of being emitted outdoor, the exhaust gas in high temperature heated the gas mixture into the furnace chamber. So theoretically, the internal combustion stove has these characters such as higher thermal efficiency, lower cost, easy maintenance, safety and environmental protection, and so on. The prototype was developed and the working principle of internal combustion Stove was verified. The flow state in the furnace chamber and the thermal of inlet pipe and exhaust pipe was analyzed based on ANSYS, GAMBIT and FLUENT. The verification test further confirmed the principle of internal combustion stove and was consistent with the experimental data, which has important reference value for the improvement and optimization in structure of internal combustion stove.

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Cabric, B., and T. Pavlovic. "Cooler for obtaining crystals." Journal of Applied Crystallography 38, no. 3 (2005): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889805010095.

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A design for an air cooler (`air saw') with a series of movable teeth (`modular crystallization comb') installed in a laboratory chamber furnace is presented. The setup allows easy regulation of a series of different temperature gradients, shapes of crystallization fronts and rates, in crucible columns, with the purpose of obtaining crystals. This method can also be applied in crucible or tube furnaces.

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Kazyaev, M. D., D. M. Kazyaev, E. V. Kiselev, A. M. Vokhmyakov, and D. I. Spitchenko. "THERMAL WORK OF CHAMBER FURNACE FOR HEATING FOR HARDENING OF THIN STEEL SHEET." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 10 (2019): 803–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-10-803-809.

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Increasing performance of steelmaking units is possible with changing methods of steel production. Such variances entail serio us changes in the subsequent redistributions: in metals processing by pressure and in thermal treatment of finished metal products. It is known that these two metallurgical processes are equipped with a large number of heating and thermal furnaces, and their thermal work does not always meet increased requirements for products quali ty. Issues of improving thermal performance of furnaces are also relevant in mechanical engineering. High technological requirements are associa ted with very strict environmental ones. Therefore, a new concept is needed for the design and construction of modern highly automated industrial heating furnaces. In order to improve the design and technical and economic indicators, technical obsolescence and the construction of new industrial furnaces are carried out. In design and construction of furnaces, fuel-burning devices of new designs and modern materials are used. In turn, this necessitates the use of new approaches to working space and heating system design of the furnace, taking into account arrangement of heated products charge. Such events are carried out, as a rule, in operating workshops, that causes certain difficulties due to limited space provided for placement of new furnaces and equipment for their operation and maintenance. A complex study was made of the design and thermal performance of a block of three chamber thermal furnaces. They were built in a limited space of the workshop with specific loading and delivery of heated thin sheet.

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Brown, A. E. P., P. L. Metropolo, and Marcio A. Carvalho. "Explosion Study of an Iron Powder Reduction Furnace." Materials Science Forum 498-499 (November 2005): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.498-499.28.

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Explosion study in an iron powder reduction furnace was performed. Pressurized gaseous hydrogen was used as reductive atmosphere to convert iron powder in the interior of the furnace. Hydrogen was fed to the pre-chamber of the iron powder reduction furnace. The furnace was located inside a brick building. Explosion potential causes were determined by the fault tree technique. The impact effects to people, environment and materials were also analyzed by using Chem-Plus software. The consequences and vulnerability analyzes were performed considering a confined explosion inside the furnace pre-chamber, resulting from formation of a hydrogen cloud within the H2 explosion limits. The vent area criteria recommended by NFPA 68 to confined spaces were employed to the reduction furnace and to the vulnerability calculations; probit equations of the Eisenberg model were used. As results, safety measures to enhance safety on the reduction of iron powder operation inside the furnace installation were recommended.

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Duma-Kocan, Paulina, Mariusz Rudy, Marian Gil, and Renata Stanisławczyk. "The Influence of Temperature Differences in Smoking Chamber and Furnace and Smoking Time on the Quality of Medium-Ground Sausages." Molecules 25, no. 23 (2020): 5515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235515.

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The aim of the work was to determine the impact of two variants (A and B) of smoking (differing in temperature values, furnace, top and bottom of the smoking chamber and the length of smoking time) in the sausage technological process carried out in a traditional smoking chamber with an indirect furnace. The research material consisted of medium-ground sausages: Country, Home and Bieszczady sausages. The research showed that, as the temperature in the smoking chamber and the smoking time changed, the following texture parameters decreased: cycle hardness 1 and 2, springiness, gumminess and chewiness. In addition, there were shown statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the chemical composition of Country sausage between the applied smoking variants. It was also found that the temperature of the furnace, upper and lower smoking chamber and the length of smoking time did not have a statistically significant influence on the share of red (a*) and yellow (b*) in the analysed sausages.

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Cabric, B., and T. Pavlovic. "Crystallization bench." Journal of Applied Crystallography 33, no. 2 (2000): 387–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889899015691.

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An air cooler (`cold bench'), installed in a laboratory tube furnace, which allows regulation and simultaneous crystallization of several substances at different temperature gradients and rates is presented. It may be used for preparing single crystals in a school laboratory. A description of how the crystals are formed and conditions for the crystallization of some substances are given. This method can also be applied in crucible and chamber furnaces.

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Hasanuzzaman, Md, R. Saidur, and N. A. Rahim. "Analysis of Energy and Exergy of an Annealing Furnace." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 2156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.2156.

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Furnace is the most common and important part in metal industries. The useful concept of energy and exergy utilization is analyzed to investigate the energy and exergy efficiency, exergy losses, energy savings and cost benefit of an annealing furnace. The exergy efficiency of the combustor is found to be 47.05 %. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the annealing chamber are found to be 17.74 % and 12.86 % respectively. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the furnace are found to be 16.86 % and 7.30 % respectively. The annealing chamber is the major contributor for exergy destruction about 57 % of the annealing furnace. By using a heat recovery system from flue gas, about 8.11% of fuel can be saved within the payback period of less than 2 months.

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Gołdasz, A., Z. Malinowski, T. Telejko, M. Rywotycki, and A. Szajding. "The Influence of Radiation Model on the Distribution of Heat Flux in the Pusher Furnace / Wpływ Modelu Promieniowania Na Rozkład Gęstości Strumienia Ciepła W Piecu Przepychowym." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 57, no. 4 (2012): 1143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10172-012-0128-y.

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A three dimensional numerical model of the heat exchange during a charge heating process in a pusher furnace, using the finite element method, was used in this study. The radiative heat exchange in the furnace chamber was carried out based on two methods: the zone method and the method of basing on the average configuration ratio. In the zone method the flux of radiation energy reaching the surface of the heated charge was determined by performing calculations of brightness in a multi-surface closed system which is the pusher furnace chamber filled with an emitting-absorbing medium. In the second case an average configuration ratio was used by setting the radiation energy flux through linking the walls temperature with the furnace atmosphere temperature.

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da Silveira, T. L., and I. Le May. "Damage Assessment and Management in Reformer Furnaces." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 119, no. 4 (1997): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842325.

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The mechanisms of damage accumulation and methods of life assessment in reformer furnaces are discussed. Such furnaces are key elements in petrochemical plants, receiving a mixture of hydrocarbons and steam and producing a hydrogen-rich reaction gas in the presence of a catalyst. At the operating conditions of 800 to 900°C, high-temperature damage takes place in the reformer columns inside the furnace radiation chamber, as well as in the external outlet pipes. The damage mechanisms and methods of assessment are described for the various components involved.

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Hernik, Bartłomiej. "Numerical Calculations of WR-40 Boiler Based on its Zero-Dimensional Model." Chemical and Process Engineering 35, no. 2 (2014): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cpe-2014-0013.

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Abstract Generally, the temperature of flue gases at the furnace outlet is not measured. Therefore, a special computation procedure is needed to determine it. This paper presents a method for coordination of the numerical model of a pulverised fuel boiler furnace chamber with the measuring data in a situation when CFD calculations are made in regard to the furnace only. This paper recommends the use of the classical 0-dimensional balance model of a boiler, based on the use of measuring data. The average temperature of flue gases at the furnace outlet tk" obtained using the model may be considered as highly reliable. The numerical model has to show the same value of tk" . This paper presents calculations for WR-40 boiler. The CFD model was matched to the 0-dimensional tk" value by means of a selection of the furnace wall emissivity. As a result of CFD modelling, the flue gas temperature and the concentration of CO, CO2, O2 and NOx were obtained at the furnace chamber outlet. The results of numerical modelling of boiler combustion based on volumetric reactions and using the Finite-Rate/Eddy-Dissipation Model are presented.

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Aminur, Aminur, Kadir Kadir, Muhammad Hasbi, et al. "RANCANG BANGUN DAN UJI COBATUNGKU KRUSIBEL DARI TABUNG GAS BEKAS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SUMBER PANAS GAS LPG." JTT (Jurnal Teknologi Terapan) 6, no. 2 (2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.31884/jtt.v6i2.258.

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The availability of crucible furnaces is still limited, so the price in the market is relatively expensive, even though this tool is very important, especially in educational institutions as media for the practice of metal casting. The purpose of this study is to design, build and test the work of a crucible furnace that utilizes used cylinders by using LPG gas heat sources. The design of the furnace uses the autodesk inventor application while the manufacture uses machine tools. Technical data from this crucible furnace is that the body is made from used gas cylinders with an outer diameter of 280 mm, an inner diameter of 140 mm and a height of 490 mm. In the combustion chamber installed a 25.4 mm diameter gas pipeline with a length of 370.5 mm and an air channel diameter of 50.8 mm with a length of 367 mm. Kowi is made of steel with a 110 mm dimension and a height of 280 mm. The results of trials with aluminum smelting show that the crucible furnace is capable of melting 5 kg aluminum for 60 minutes with fuel consumption of 3 kg gas. The maximum temperature that can be reached 1367 oC for 15 minutes by a crucible furnace.Keywords: design, manufacture, furnace trials

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Жуков, Евгений, Evgeniy Jukov, Константин Меняев, et al. "Comprehensive use of wood and agricultural waste in the energy sector of Siberia." Safety in Technosphere 6, no. 6 (2018): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5af02c6f319c41.30850749.

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The article considers the methods of increasing technoeconomic and ecological indices of boilers of little and average power by the means of vertical-way combustion of alternative fuels (eg. husks, chips, wood waste). We analyzed the technology of combustion of solid fuels from plant biomass and revealed several issues in the combustion of light sailing particles. The article is dedicated to the investigation of the properties of alternative fuels, to the generation and refinement of furnace arrangements for combustion of low-grade fuels. The results of our work represent a new construction design of the furnace chamber for effective combustion of alternative fuels. The new construction design of the furnace chamber is obtained via the aerodynamic modelling with the use of the «SigmaFlame» software.

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Iskovich-Lototskyy, Rostyslav, Nataliia Veselovska, Bohdan Bratslavets, and Olha Yalina. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE DESIGN OF A PYROLYSIS INSTALLATION FOR WASTE DISPOSAL WITH DIRECTED DISTRIBUTION OF HEAT FLOWS." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 3(114) (September 28, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-3-5.

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Waste recycling is now gaining in importance around the world. The range of drugs used, the volume and degree of danger of waste generated by the activities of industrial institutions is increasing. As a result, the risk of epidemics increases. Therefore, the creation of an effective design of the furnace as the main unit of the pyrolysis unit is an urgent task. The purpose of the furnace environment is to create in the working chamber the necessary and optimal physical and chemical conditions for the implementation of thermotechnological, thermotechnical and mechanical processes and protection of raw materials and obtained target products from unwanted chemical processes. The following substances are used as heat extraction reagent: air, inert and recirculating gases, water, steam, etc. If necessary, a slow decrease in temperature, cooling of materials and products is carried out together with the oven. Heat transfer processes in the waste disposal plant take place in difficult conditions and are characterized by a number of specific features. One of the main features is the high intensity of heat transfer. Another feature of thermal processes is the non-stationary temperature field in the working chamber of the furnace. Heat exchange in the working chamber of the furnace is carried out in three types - thermal conductivity, convection and thermal radiation, any combination of them or all types simultaneously, but one type of heat transfer always prevails over others in full or in a certain area of the furnace.

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Majdak, Marek. "Review of the literature discussing the problem of uneven thermal stresses in the furnace chamber." MATEC Web of Conferences 240 (2018): 05019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824005019.

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Uneven thermal stresses occurring in the walls of the furnace chamber in high power boilers are the reason for the occurrence of significant thermal stresses. The occurrence of excessive stress leads to serious damage to the waterwall tubes, which result in the necessity of more frequent repairs of the boiler. Therefore, finding a way to reduce stress values is one of the key challenges in improving productivity and increase the service life of boilers. In this paper will be presented the review of the literature concerning the problem of uneven temperature distribution on the surface of the combustion chamber walls. There will also be presented studies that discuss the methods of modifying the furnace chamber to reduce the values of the stresses occurring in it.

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Čabrić, B., T. Pavlović, and S. Savović. "Crystallization of BaNi2(PO4)2 in a Chamber Furnace." Crystal Research and Technology 28, no. 6 (1993): K54—K56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.2170280626.

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Čabrić, B., T. Pavlović, and Lj Ristovski. "A method for crystal growing in a chamber furnace." Crystal Research and Technology 29, no. 1 (1994): K1—K2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crat.2170290130.

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Bourgeois, T., R. T. Bui, A. Charette, and Y. S. Kocaefe. "Mathematical modeling of an aluminum casting furnace combustion chamber." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 20, no. 3 (1989): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02696993.

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Pitsuha, E. A., E. K. Buchilko, Yu S. Teplitskii, and D. S. Slizhuk. "Heat transfer in the vortex zone of a cyclone-bed chamber of furnace unit with fluidized bed." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 64, no. 1 (2019): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2019-64-1-87-97.

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An experimental investigation of the heat-transfer coefficient to a spherical probe in a cyclone-bed chamber with fluidized bed in the “cold” and “hot” regimes has been carried out. The heat-transfer coefficient was determined by the regular thermal regime. The dependences of the heat-transfer coefficient in the vortex-bed furnace on the various parameters: the diameter of the outlet hole, the air flow rate, the share of the bottom blast and the location of the probe were determined. It is revealed that in the “cold” regime the heat-transfer coefficient has practically constant value in the radial direction, it almost does not depend on the diameter of the outlet hole and the share of the bottom blast and depends significantly on the position of the probe along the height of the furnace and the air flow rate. The effect of flow swirling on the heat-transfer coefficient in a cyclone-bed chamber with fluidized bed is determined. When the fuel burns (“hot” regime), the heat-transfer coefficient is not constant in the radial direction and accept the maximum values in the central area of the chamber. At the same time, the part of conductive-convective component in the total heat-transfer coefficient to the spherical probe, depending on its radial position, is estimated at 40–70 %. The results can be used in the design and creation of modern high-efficiency furnaces for burning local solid biofuels.

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Cheremiskina, Nadezhda, Nikolay Loshkarev, and Vladislav Lavrov. "Research on the Thermal Work of the Drum-Type Chamber Furnace with a Constant Temperature of the Working Space." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.462.

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In the report the scheme and features of thermal work of the chamber furnace of drum type for heating of metal products under hardening are presented. The technical characteristics of the furnace, some results of thermal calculation are shown. Computer simulation of gas motion and heat exchange processes in the furnace are presented. The study was performed using CAE-system (CAE, Computer aided Engineering) – software module ANSYS Fluent. Boundary conditions of flow flow flow were set in this module. To verify the convergence of the calculations, the control of the current values and calculated temperature residuals was used. The simulation results are presented graphically and contain a visualization of the temperature and velocity distribution fields, as well as a vector distribution of gas flow velocities. The obtained results of computer simulation allowed to estimate the efficiency of thermal and gas-dynamic work of the developed design of the chamber drum-type furnace with a constant temperature of the working space. The developed design of the furnace for heating metal billets with the movement of billets in the furnace on the drum allows to solve some problems of resource and energy saving, can also be used for heat treatment of bars, pipes, strips, and rolled bars of various shapes.

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Liu, Hui, and Wen Zhong Chen. "Simulation Study on Recycling Resource of Metallic Tailings." Advanced Materials Research 268-270 (July 2011): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.268-270.178.

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This paper studied at recycling and using of metallic tailings on the refractory used in aluminum-smelting furnace. The masonry arts and crafts of combustion chamber wall are introduced. The software FLUENT is used for simulating the temperature distribution of combustion chamber wall, which is used for software ANSYS as the temperature condition to simulation of heat stress of combustion chamber wall in bad operating condition. Contrast the simulating results of new type material with the traditional refractory one, the better performance of the refractory products with new type material is verified. The results can be an academic reference for synthetically application of metallic tailings. The extend application of the technology of metallic tailings on aluminum-smelting furnace will give a great impulse to the energy saving and environmental protection.

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Golubkovich, A. V., S. A. Pavlov, R. A. Marin, and A. N. Dadyko. "Drying grain using solid fuel." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 84, no. 6 (2017): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66307.

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The use of alternative sources of liquid (gaseous) fuel to produce a coolant, including for grain drying, has been studied in contrast to burning conventional fuels, which hinders their use. A characteristic feature of the use of combustion units for burning plant waste is a sufficiently long ignition and preheating, preceding the drying. At the same time, a large amount of heat is accumulated in the furnace casing, which can be partially used for batch drying for the next batch of grain and completely for the latter, which will increase the efficiency of the process. Drying is one of the main operations in post-harvest grain processing, the fate of the crop depends largely on the quality of drying. Both flow and periodic drying are common in farms. Periodic drying, as a rule, uses the same dryers as for flow or specialized. The technology of this drying in dryers equipped with liquid or gas furnaces is well developed and does not cause difficulties - kindle the furnace, cyclically dry the grain to the conditioned moisture, cut off the fuel supply, cyclically cool and unload the dryer. The pause between the drying of adjacent lots without ignition and heating of the furnace is determined by the cooling time of the masonry to the temperature of stable ignition and burning of volatiles plus 150-200 °С, depending on the moisture content of solid particles of plant waste. The duration of ignition is a function of the mass of the furnace chamber, its heat capacity, the temperature of the flue gases and the heat transfer coefficient. At ignition of liquid fuel its duration is not less than 20 min. To dry the last batch of grain, the mass of the burnt chamber must be at least 0.7 times the mass of the grain in the dryer. The duration of heating the furnace is completed by stabilizing the temperature of the flue gases at the outlet of the exhaust fan, but not less than 1 hour.

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Zajemska, M., H. Radomiak, and A. Poskart. "The Optimization And Diagnostics Of Combustion Process With Numerical Modelling Application." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 687–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0193.

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Abstract The progressing development of industry and the associated rising environmental pollution create the need for the intensification of combustion processes and the implementation of increasingly stringent environmental protection standards. Therefore, an intensive progress in scientific and research work that is lately observed and studies with the use of numerical methods, are becoming an indispensable element of experimental research. This allows for: optimization of combustion processes, development of new designs of burners and technologies of low-emission combustion, as well as prediction of ecological effects. This article presents the possibilities of numerical modelling in combustion processes in heat furnaces. The chemistry of the combustion process was modelled in CHEMKIN software, while the dynamics of flue gas flow in the combustion chamber was modelled with the use of FLUENT software. Numerical computations were performed for both, the experimental chamber and the real objects, i.e. a pusher furnace and a sheet hardening furnace. The results of obtained measurements and numerical calculations clearly show that the use of hot air affects the growth of emissions, in particular NOx. Furthermore, it has also been proved that the design and the appropriate location of the lance supplying the secondary air result in the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides.

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Peng, Xi Gao, Jia Lin Sun, Gan Shi, and Shao Ping Huang. "A New Technique for Testing Abrasion Resistance of Refractories at Elevated Temperatures." Advanced Materials Research 105-106 (April 2010): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.105-106.230.

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Based on an extensive comparison of test methods for abrasion resistance from home and abroad, a new technique for abrasion resistance at elevated temperature has been developed with some improvements. Two connected airtight chambers are designed to prevent compressed air from entering the sample chamber, so that heat loss of the sample chamber can be reduced and the chamber temperature is less disturbed. The sample surface temperature can reach stable within 5 min and the temperature fluctuation on sample surface can be less than 20°C in the course of inleting the compressed air at working temperatures up to1400°C. The repeatability was tested using float-glass plate as reference sample at ambient temperature and using high alumina bricks for elevated temperature. A variation coefficient under 7% at ambient temperature has been achieved. Comparison of abrasion resistance at elevated temperature was tested respectively on a high alumina brick and on a silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide brick and the results could be significantly distinguished. Nitrogen can be blown into sample chamber during heating the furnace to prevent nonoxide bearing samples from being oxidized.

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Nishioka, Kensuke, Junki Komori, Kouji Maeda, Yasuyuki Ota, Hiroshi Kaneko, and Kosei Sato. "Formation of Silicon Carbide Using Volcanic Ash as Starting Material and Concentrated Sunlight as Energy Resource." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/394605.

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SiC was formed using volcanic ash as starting material and concentrated sunlight as energy resource. The solar furnace was composed of two parts: Fresnel lens and reacting furnace. The reacting furnace was composed of a cylindrical vacuum chamber and quartz glass plate functioning to guide the concentrated sunlight into the furnace and was placed at the focal point of the Fresnel lens. The sample was made from the mixture of silica formed from volcanic ash and graphite and placed in the carbon crucible inside the reacting furnace. The temperature in the carbon crucible reached more than 1500°C. After the reaction using concentrated light,β-SiC was formed. The weight % of formed SiC was 90.5%.

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Grachev, V. "Aluminium Alloys Smelting in Shaft- Reverberatory Furnaces in a Liquid Bath Mode." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 2 (2017): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0072.

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AbstractThe aim of research was creation of a furnace for aluminum alloys smelting “in a liquid bath” in order to reduce metal loss. In the paper, the author demonstrates the results of research on smelting of aluminum alloys in a shaft-reverberatory furnace designed by the author. It has been shown that smelting aluminum alloy in a liquid bath was able to significantly reduce aluminum loss and that shaft-reverberatory design provided high efficiency and productivity along with lower energy costs. Ensuring continuous operation of the liquid bath and superheating chamber, which tapped alloy with the required texture, was achieved by means of the optimal design of partition between them. The optimum section of the connecting channels between the liquid bath of smelting and the superheating chamber has been theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed. The author proposed a workable shaft-reverberatory furnace for aluminum alloys smelting, providing solid charge melting in a liquid bath.

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Zarzycki, Robert, Justyna Jędras, and Rafał Kobyłecki. "Fuel processing in a swirl flow: numerical modelling of combustion and gasification." E3S Web of Conferences 137 (2019): 01052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913701052.

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This study presents the concept of a cyclone furnace for coal dust combustion and gasification under conditions of oxy-fuel combustion. A two-chamber design of the cyclone furnace allows for the separation of the process of heating, drying and devolatilization of fuel from processes of its combustion and gasification of carbon residue. The choice of process parameters helps control fuel gasification. Supplying the driving gas with a specific composition (O2, CO2) to the chamber PC1 ensures the control of temperature and composition of combustible gases obtained through gasification. These gases can be used as a fuel for power boilers and, consequently, allow for utilization of the oxy-fuel combustion technology in new or existing power boilers.

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Taştan, Mehmet, Hayrettin Gökozan, Pınar Çavdar, Gürkan Soy, and Uğur Çavdar. "Cost analysis of T6 induction heat treatment for the aluminum-copper powder metal compacts." Science of Sintering 52, no. 1 (2020): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos2001077t.

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This work compares an energy cost and an energy consumption results of the 4 wt.% cupper mixed aluminum based powder metal (PM) compacts processing under induction or furnace heating. Total power and energy consumptions and total energy costs per kilogram and compact have been analyzed. T6 precipitation heat treatment applications have been applied with two different methods, one with 2.8 kW, 900 kHz ultra-high frequency induction heating system (UHFIHS), other with 2 kW chamber furnace. In the first method, Al-Cu PM compacts have been heated by induction at 580 ?C in one minute and then cooled down by water. Afterwards, the samples have been heated 170, 180, 190 and 200?C respectively for artificial ageing and cooled naturally. In the second treatment, unlike the first study, Al-Cu PM compacts are heated by chamber furnace at 540?C in 5 hours and cooled by water. Then PM compacts are artificially aged at 190?C in 10 hours with same furnace. During both processes, energy and power consumptions for each defined process have been measured. Optimum heat treatment of the induction is determined. The cheaper energy cost is obtained by the induction heat treatment.

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Galvis-Arias, Kevin Nicolás, Luisa Daniela Hidrobo-Pedroza, María Cristina García-Muñoz, Oscar Andrés Mendieta-Menjura, and Martha Patricia Tarazona-Díaz. "Effect of processing technology (traditional and ward furnace) on the physicochemical properties of non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS)." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, no. 95 (December 10, 2019): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20190839.

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Non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) is a natural sweetener with beneficial health properties. This is traditionally produced in an oven which has had technological variations. Therefore, the present study focuses on determining the effect that NCS processing technology has on its physicochemical properties. In this study, two contrasting technologies were selected: the first one corresponds to the traditional furnace, characterized by a flat combustion chamber and hemispherical pan. The second one corresponds to the furnace with a ward type combustion chamber and modified pan. The variety of sugarcane selected was RD 75-11. The physical and chemical parameters evaluated were hydrogen potential (pH), total acidity (TA), solid soluble content soluble (SSC), ash, minerals, reducing sugars, color, moisture content and heat capacity. The technology with ward- type combustion chamber and modified pan managed to concentrate the oBrix of syrup to NCS in a 36.03% unlike the traditional furnace (32.59%). The two technologies used allowed obtaining NCS with an average caloric value of 14684.9 J g-1 and soluble solid content of 90.1°Brix. It was found that the NCS is a source of minerals such as potassium (3.55 g kg -1), calcium (2.25 g kg -1) and phosphorus (0.3 g kg -1).

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Dong, Jie Nan, Xu Su, Tong Chen, Miao Wang, and Xiao Xu Li. "Numerical Optimization of Oilfield Heating Furnace Research." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1874–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1874.

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In this paper,using numerical simulation tools PHOENICS for numerical simulation study is made on furnace gas burning in the hearth, and analyses furnace oil furnace temperature distribution in the flow field characteristics the internal flow field of oil field heating furnace hearth temperature distribution characteristics. On this basis, this paper establisheda mathematical model which can truly describe the chamber internal physical and chemical changes, selected the appropriate numerical simulation methods, plotted the actual temperature profile case, which can reflect the qualitative and quantitative actual situation of work.Finally suggestions are given, which provides the theoretical foundation for the next step and the actual research.

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Lee, Kwangju, Joon Hyeok Choi, and Han Seul Jang. "Design of Chamber in Continuous Furnace for Uniform Temperature Distribution." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 14, no. 11 (2013): 5344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2013.14.11.5344.

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Journal articles on the topic 'CHAMBER FURNACE'

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