Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chamorus'
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Cabezón, Ponsoda Òscar. "Infection studies with chamois border disease virus in pyrenean chamois, sheep and pig." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/79085.
Full textSince 2001 several outbreaks of disease associated with BDV infection have been reported in the Pyrenees (North-Eastern Spain), affecting Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) and entailing a major population reduction. However, the clinical disease observed in the affected chamois was not the typical one described in domestic animals. The present research aims to investigate the pathogenesis of the disease associated to chamois-BDV (ch-BDV) in naturally-infected chamois and in three experimental animal models: pig, sheep and Pyrenean chamois. The shedding, distribution and quantification of ch-BDV in the organs of naturally infected chamois was investigated as a previous step to the experimental challenges in the three animal models. Sera and all tissue samples were positive to RT-PCR and virus isolation in all studied chamois. Also, nasal, oral and rectal swabs and urine were RT-PCR positive in almost all analyzed samples, confirming that the virus is shed through the main excretion routes. In addition, sera were tested for BDV antibodies using an ELISA and seroneutralization tests, with negative results. Sequence analysis of the 5’ untranslated region (5’-UTR) confirmed that this virus was grouped into the BDV-4 genotype as reported in previous studies. The observation of a RT-PCR positive foetus in an adult female suggests that persistently infected animals could be possible. The aim of the experimental infection in Pyrenean chamois was to reproduce the disease reported in chamois in the field and to study it under experimental conditions. Seven chamois (five seronegative and two seropositive against BDV) were inoculated with a BDV isolated from a naturally-infected chamois and three animals were kept as controls. The five seronegative infected chamois were viraemic from day 2 post inoculation (pi) until the day they died or the end of the experiment on day 34 pi, and developed neutralizing antibodies from day 18 pi until the end of the study. There was also a progressive decline in their white blood cell counts, especially marked in the neutrophil count. The most consistent histopathological lesions were in brain and lymphoid tissues, where non-suppurative meningoencephalitis and generalized moderate lymphocyte depletion were observed, respectively. Like naturally infected chamois, experimentally infected animals also contained high doses of BDV in main putative excretion routes, which would explain the high transmission rate of the infection in free-ranging chamois populations in the Pyrenees. This experimental infection in chamois confirms that BDV is the primary agent of the disease that has been affecting chamois populations in recent years in the Pyrenees. Clinical manifestations of Border Disease in healthy sheep acutely infected are mild or unapparent, but a few outbreaks with high mortality have been reported. Sheep were experimentally infected with ch-BDV and examined the susceptibility to the infection of this species. Clinical signs or histological lesions were not observed in inoculated lambs but BDV was detected in sera from the infected group from day 4 pi to day 10 pi. All infected lambs showed neutralizing antibodies at day 21 pi. Therefore, ch-BDV can infect domestic sheep through the oro-nasal route, developing a humoral response that completely eliminates the virus. It is well documented that BDV can infect domestic and feral swine. In a previous study, seropositive wild boars against BDV were detected from the Pyrenees areas where chamois epizootics occurred. For this reason, experimentally the effects and dynamics of ch-BDV infection in domestic pig were studied. In this challenge all infected pigs were viraemic from day 3 to 14 pi, when all animals developed an antibody response. Clinical signs or histological lesions were not observed. Thus, the susceptibility of domestic swine to ch-BDV was demonstrated, representing a potential challenge to the monitoring of CSFV in wild swine populations.
Ram, Rosalind Reyes Meno. "Examining Parental Involvement at the Elementary-Level| The Chamoru Perspective." Thesis, University of Southern California, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10745297.
Full textIn Guam, the Chamoru have weathered centuries of change in the political and educational arenas. This study explored ways parents assisted their children at home and in school to understand the perspectives and approaches of parents in Guam. The sample consisted of 10 Chamoru parents. The purpose of this study was to address the question of how these parents define and enact involvement in their elementary-aged children’s academic lives. This qualitative multi-case study included interviews, and a majority of the sample was from rural rather than urban settings. Findings revealed parents being involved with both outside and inside of school activities.
Stephen, David V. M. "Progenic isonymy among the Chamorro of Guam." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289753.
Full textButler, Alan T. "The Descendants of Hurao: An Exploratory Study of Chamoru Rights Groups." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1581359135361967.
Full textSalvatore, Cecilia Lizama. "Community, institution, and identity in the Chamorro speech community : an ethnographic study of how they shape information-seeking discourse in the library /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Full textTorsch, Vicki L. "The elderly experience among the Chamorros of Guam /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1996.
Find full textHo, Dan. "Fa'nague| A Chamorro Epistemology of Post-Life Communication." Thesis, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785651.
Full textThe primary aim of this dissertation is to analyze a spiritual aspect of Chamorro cosmology known as fa’ñague, or visitations from the deceased, to shed light on how and why it exists in Guam, and how it differs among Chamorro Natives who experience it in the island and abroad. A secondary aim of the dissertation is to expand upon the scholarly documentation of Native Chamorro epistemologies concerning life and death, and the role of the spiritual realm in daily life of the people of the Marianas.
The dissertation is structured as follows: Part I offers an in-depth exploration and personification of Guam, the place, the culture, and the people in order to balance longstanding and erroneous conceptions about the Island. Part II includes the rationale for the research, a methodological framework, and a literature review. In addition, a full chapter on Chamorro epistemology is included to reinforce the elements of the Native worldview and way of knowing to provide context for the research findings. In Part III — the fruits of data gathering and analysis — are offered using both quantitative and qualitative methods.
Finally, this dissertation hopes to argue and position a new model of Indigenous research methodology, which I am calling Neo-Indigenous Methodology. Essentially, it is an evolution from the de-colonizing approach borne by founding Indigenous scholars who sought to break from Western scholarly dialect to express and inform Native wisdom. Instead, Neo-Indigenous Methodology proposes that Indigenous scholars embrace the dialect of all Western humanistic discourse to further clarify and magnify pure Indigenous knowledge.
Diaz, Tressa P. "Colorectal cancer screening among Chamoru on Guahan| Barriers and access to care." Thesis, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10757731.
Full textArguello, Vargas Tatiana. "Culture and Arts in Post Revolutionary Nicaragua: The Chamorro Years (1990-1996)." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1281638909.
Full textMikael, Larose. "L'organisation sociale des femelles chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) dans une aire protégée." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8920.
Full textBevacqua, Michael Lujan. "Chamorros, ghosts, non-voting delegates GUAM! where the production of America's sovereignty begins /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2010. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3398029.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed May 5, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 447-492).
Keith, Lisa. "An investigation of psychosis in Chamorro culture, relating delusional thought to cultural context." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ30284.pdf.
Full textStorie, Monique. "All Fifty Kathousand Cousins: Chamorro Teachers Responding to Contemporary Children's Literature Set in Guam." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145709.
Full textIndalecio, Agnes Rose Espinosa. "Policies and practices of Chamorro cultural narratives in the community and schools of Guam." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284054.
Full textLoison, Anne. "Approches intra- et inter-spécifiques de la dynamique des populations : l'exemple du chamois." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10247.
Full textDarmon, Gaëlle. "Influence des interactions interspécifiques sur l'utilisation de l'habitat par les ongulés sauvages : cas du chamois et du mouflon dans le massif des Bauges." Lyon 1, 2007. http://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6ws8rbb.
Full textThe modification of the habitats through the environmental changes leads herbivores to coexist with new species and adapt their habitat selection. A reliable management of communities implies to understand how they interact and partition the resources. This study concerns the cohabitation and the habitat selection by chamois Rupicapra rupicapra and mouflons Ovis gmelini musimon in the Bauges reserve (northern French Alps). First, we determine the socio-spatial repartition and the habitat variables that best explain the population distribution. Then we show the within year variations in comparing various degrees of cohabitation. Finally the first results obtained in an individual level are presented. Our results stress the importance to jointly study habitat selection and interspecific interactions at different temporal and spatial scales, and at different levels (population- individual)
Morin, Audrée. "Coûts de la reproduction chez les femelles de chamois des Alpes (Rupicapra rupicapra)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6593.
Full textRughetti, Marco. "Conséquences de la chasse sur l'écologie et la gestion du chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra)." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5169.
Full textRabasco, Peiró Mario. "LA REPRESENTACIÓN DEL ESPACIO EN LA OBRA FOTOGRÁFICA DE KOLDO CHAMORRO: LA PROXÉMICA COMO METODOLOGÍA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/63227.
Full text[ES] La representación del espacio en la obra de Koldo Chamorro: La proxémica como metodología. La presente tesis doctoral ha investigado la metodología de trabajo relacionada con el uso de las distancias focales utilizadas en el género del reportaje fotográfico, que ha sido desarrollada y perfeccionada en el tiempo por el fotógrafo Koldo Chamorro a lo largo de su carrera fotográfica. Dicha metodología de representación la puso en práctica desde mediados de los años 70 hasta su fallecimiento en el año 2009, hecho que lo inscribe en la lógica de la proxémica, entendida como la parte de la semiótica que se dedica al estudio de la comunicación a través de las relaciones de proximidad y de alejamiento entre las personas y objetos durante la interacción, los gestos adoptados y la posible existencia o ausencia de contacto físico. Se trata, por tanto, de un método que tiene muy presente la proxémica, es decir, el estudio científico del uso por parte del hombre del espacio personal y social como fenómeno cultural. El objetivo de esta tesis ha sido analizar el sistema de trabajo en cuanto a distancias focales y formatos se refiere, aplicado a los géneros fotográficos y utilizado por el artista Koldo Chamorro en su obra, ordenando su universo creativo; para, de este modo, facilitar en el futuro la tarea de selección de su obra estimada, según el autor, en cuatro millones de negativos. Se trata por tanto, de que la tesis, hipótesis y conclusiones de esta investigación puedan servir de referencia a comisarios, historiadores y futuros investigadores en la edición y recolocación de su obra y su figura en la historia de la fotografía española. De igual modo y al mismo nivel, el objetivo de esta tesis ha sido analizar y corroborar la validez del sistema total o parcialmente para su potencial aplicación a nivel docente, ya que como profesor en la materia dentro del mundo de la fotografía no existen precedentes sobre el tema tratado en esta tesis a nivel proyectual. Se ha encontrado y propuesto a partir de la investigación, un método coherente, sencillo y eficaz que permita a los estudiantes, futuros profesionales o artistas en la materia, disponer de un método consistente, sintético, repetible y abierto a un "verdadero mundo de posibilidades" proyectuales que gravitan entre lo técnico, lo teórico y lo plástico. Para poder sustentar las tesis e hipótesis de esta investigación y recorrer los caminos que el autor recorrió hasta la obtención del método, se ha dispuesto de abundante material, en su mayoría inédito, hecho que ha facilitado en gran medida la corroboración de las hipótesis finales de la presente tesis.
[CAT] La representació de l'espai en l'obra de Koldo Chamorro: La proxèmica com a metodologia. La present tesi doctoral ha investigat la metodologia de treball relacionada amb l'ús de les distàncies focals utilitzades en el gènere del reportatge fotogràfic, desenvolupada i perfeccionada en el temps pel fotògraf Koldo Chamorro al llarg de la seua carrera fotogràfica. Aquesta metodologia de representació la posà en pràctica a partir de mitjans dels anys 70 fins a la seua mort en l'any 2009, fet que l'inscriu en la lògica de la proxèmica, és a dir, de l'estudi científic de l'ús per part de l'home de l'espai personal i social com a fenomen cultural. La proxèmica és coneguda com la part de la semiòtica que es dedica a l'estudi de la comunicació mitjançant les relacions de proximitat i d'allunyament entre les persones i els objectes durant la interacció, els gestos adoptats i la possible existència o absència de contacte físic. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi ha estat analitzar el sistema de treball quant a distàncies focals i formats es refereix, aplicat als gèneres fotogràfics i utilitzat per l'artista Koldo Chamorro en la seua obra, ordenant el seu univers creatiu; per a, d'aquesta manera, facilitar en el futur la tasca de selecció de la seua obra estimada, segons l'autor, en quatre milions de negatius; a fi que la tesi, les hipòtesis i les conclusions d'aquesta investigació puguen servir de referència a comissaris, historiadors i futurs investigadors en l'edició i recol·locació tant de la seua obra com de la seua figura en la història de la fotografia espanyola. D'igual manera i al mateix nivell, l'objectiu d'aquesta tesi ha estat analitzar i corroborar la validesa del sistema totalment o parcialment per a la seua potencial aplicació a nivell docent ja que com a professor en la matèria, a nivell projectual, dintre del món de la fotografia no existeixen precedents al voltant del tema tractat en aquesta tesi. S'ha trobat i proposat a partir de la investigació, un mètode coherent, senzill i eficaç que permeta als estudiants, futurs professionals o artistes en la matèria, disposar d'un mètode consistent, sintètic, repetible i obert a un "vertader món de possibilitats" projectuals que graviten entre allò tècnic, allò teòric i allò plàstic. Per a poder sustentar les tesis i les hipòtesis d'aquesta investigació i recórrer els camins que l'autor recorregué fins a l'obtenció del mètode, s'ha disposat del suficient material en la majoria inèdit, fet que ha facilitat en gran mesura la corroboració de les hipòtesis finals de la present tesi.
Rabasco Peiró, M. (2016). LA REPRESENTACIÓN DEL ESPACIO EN LA OBRA FOTOGRÁFICA DE KOLDO CHAMORRO: LA PROXÉMICA COMO METODOLOGÍA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/63227
TESIS
Cruz, Teofila Sholing, and Teofila Sholing Cruz. "Breast Cancer Risk Perception, Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs and Screening Behaviors of Chamorro Women in Guam." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626643.
Full textEspunyes, Nozières Johan. "Effects of global change on the diet of a mountain ungulate: the Pyrenean chamois." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667370.
Full textHerbivores play a fundamental role in maintaining the health and structure of ecosystems worldwide. However, recent evidence indicates that climatic and land-use changes are affecting biological systems across the globe at alarming rates, and more acutely in alpine ecosystems. Thus, predicting the impact of these changes on herbivores has become a key issue for the long-term conservation of ecosystems. Here, our main goal was to assess the impact of climate change and woody plant encroachment on the diet of a large alpine herbivore: the Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica). We firstly compared and highlighted the limitations of two methodological approaches used in the determination of diet composition of herbivores (study 1). We then combined information from two monitored populations of Pyrenean chamois with multiple databases on seasonal phenology, climatic conditions, population abundance and models of habitat evolution to understand understand the effects of climate change and woody plant encroachment on the diet of this herbivore. Our results indicate that Pyrenean chamois is well adapted to the variations in the seasonal phenology of plants in alpine habitats (study 2), but that these patterns can be affected by environmental conditions. For instance, the seasonal presence of livestock may affect the diet of chamois during the co-habitation period (study 2). Concurrently, the variations in the vegetation onset and intra-specific competition are regulating factors of diet quality and composition during spring (study 3). Finally, we observed that woody plant expansion in unmanaged alpine grasslands will also affect wild and domestic herbivores during summer and autumn, but that the magnitudes and direction of these effects will vary depending of their dietary preferences (study 4). Overall, global changes are impacting the diet of alpine herbivores and could thus impact the performances of these species. We therefore reinforce the importance of integrating dietary studies when assessing species’ response to global changes. However, further studies would be necessary to assess the effect of these dietary adaptations on the species’ performance.
Sahu, Bindia, Jaya Prakash Alla, Gladstone Christopher Jayakumar, Kalarical Janardhanan Sreeram, and Jonnalagadda Raghava Rao. "Optimization of chamois oxidation process of leather using benzoyl per oxide as oxidizing agent - 70." Verein für Gerberei-Chemie und -Technik e. V, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34255.
Full textDurand, Thierry. "Eco-epidemiologie parasitaire chez les ongules de montagne, exemple du chamois (rupicapra rupicapra linne, 1758)." Chambéry, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CHAMS027.
Full textLópez, Olvera Jorge Ramón. "Capture, restraint and transport stress in Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica). Modulation with acepromazine and evaluation using physiological parameters." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5741.
Full textEs van capturar isards pirinencs amb xarxes verticals. Amb les primeres mostres de sang, obtingudes a la captura, es van establir valors de referència. Després els animals van passar tres hores d'immobilització física o es van transportar, per a estudiar l'estrès d'immobilització i transport, respectivament. Els animals es van dividir a l'atzar en tractament (acepromazina) i control (sèrum). L'efecte del sexe i la seva interacció amb el tractament es van considerar al grup immobilitzat. La freqüència cardíaca i la temperatura rectal es van registrar durant l'estudi. Es van obtenir mostres de sang cada hora dels isards immobilitzats, mentre que dels transportats es van obtenir a la captura i immediatament abans i després del transport.
Els resultats de captura van ser similars o millors que els descrits prèviament per l'isard alpí.
Es descriuen els primers valors de referència per l'isard pirinenc capturat mitjançant xarxes verticals. Es van trobar diferències degudes a sexe, estació i edat, establint valors de referència independents.
La freqüència cardíaca va augmentar només als animals control durant el transport, mentre que la temperatura va descendir a tots els grups. Els paràmetres eritrocitaris (recompte d'eritròcits, concentració d'hemoglobina i valor hematòcrit) van disminuir a tots els grups. Els leucòcits van passar de limfocitosis inicial a neutrofília amb limfopènia, augmentant el recompte leucocitari durant l'estudi. Monòcits i neutròfils en banda van augmentar als isards tractats immobilitats i als controls transportats. Colesterol, triglicèrids, lactat, creatinina, fosfatasa alcalina, clorurs i potassi van disminuir, i cortisol, bilirubina total, urea i activitat enzimàtica sèrica (ALT, AST, CK i LDH) van augmentar. La glucosa va augmentar primer per a disminuir després. El sodi va augmentar als isards controls immobilitzats i va disminuir als tractats transportats.
Les diferències entre mascles i femelles en paràmetres eritrocitaris, glucosa, bilirubina, creatinina, clorurs i potassi indiquen una resposta catecolamínica més intensa a femelles, mentre que les diferències en limfòcits, cortisol i ALT suggereixen una resposta adrenocortical superior en mascles.
El transport va ser més estressant que la immobilització, com indiquen les diferències en freqüència cardíaca, paràmetres eritrocitaris, creatinina, urea, ALT, CK, LDH, clorurs i sodi.
L'acepromazina va millorar el benestar i va disminuir el risc als isards tractats, la freqüència cardíaca dels quals no va augmentar durant el transport, van tenir valors inferiors i una estabilització més ràpida de la temperatura rectal, disminucions més grans amb valors significativament inferiors als paràmetres eritrocitaris, creatinina, urea, sodi i potassi, i increments menors de l'activitat enzimàtica sèrica (ALT, AST, CK i LDH). Encara que alguns dels efectes positius de l'acepromazina es poden deure a la seva acció tranquil·litzant central, la majoria d'avantatges es poden atribuir al seu efecte bloquejant α-adrenèrgic a melsa, ronyó i vasos sanguinis musculars. L'efecte central de l'acepromazina sembla dependre de l'agent estressant, donat que monòcits, neutròfils en banda i cortisol van augmentar als isards tractats immobilitzats i als isards controls transportats, indicant una major excitació. L'acepromazina també va tenir un efecte tranquil·litzant i protector superior a femelles, com demostren temperatura, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, clorurs i potassi.
La concentració salival de cortisol va tenir bona correlació amb la concentració sèrica, i pot ser una eina no invasiva útil per valorar la resposta d'estrès.
El objetivo es valorar el estrés de captura, manejo y transporte en el rebeco pirenaico (Rupicapra pyrenaica) capturado mediante redes verticales, y determinar la viabilidad de técnicas no invasivas (frecuencia cardiaca, temperatura rectal y cortisol salival) para medir la respuesta de estrés. La falta de valores de referencia previos fiables hizo necesario establecerlos para valorar cambios. Se determinaron los mejores indicadores de estrés y se evaluó el efecto de la acepromacina en el estrés de captura y transporte.
Se capturaron rebecos pirenaicos con redes verticales. Con las primeras muestras de sangre, obtenidas en la captura, se establecieron valores de referencia. Después los animales pasaron tres horas de inmovilización física o se transportaron, para estudiar el estrés de inmovilización y transporte, respectivamente. Los animales se dividieron al azar en tratamiento (acepromacina) y control (suero). El efecto del sexo y su interacción con el tratamiento se consideraron en el grupo inmovilizado. La frecuencia cardiaca y la temperatura rectal fueron registradas durante el estudio. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre cada hora en los rebecos inmovilizados, mientras que en los transportados se obtuvieron en la captura e inmediatamente antes y después del transporte.
Los resultados de captura fueron similares o mejores que los descritos previamente para el rebeco alpino.
Se describen los primeros valores de referencia completos para el rebeco pirenaico capturado mediante redes verticales. Se encontraron diferencias debidas a sexo, estación y edad, estableciendo valores de referencia independientes.
La frecuencia cardiaca aumentó sólo en los animales control durante el transporte, mientras que la temperatura descendió en todos los grupos. Los parámetros eritrocitarios (recuento de eritrocitos, concentración de hemoglobina y valor hematocrito) disminuyeron en todos los grupos. Los leucocitos pasaron de linfocitosis inicial a neutrofilia con linfopenia, aumentando el recuento leucocitario durante el estudio. Monocitos y neutrófilos en banda aumentaron en los rebecos tratados inmovilizados y los controles transportados. Colesterol, triglicéridos, lactato, creatinina, fosfatasa alcalina, cloruros y potasio disminuyeron, y cortisol, bilirrubina total, urea y actividad enzimática sérica (ALT, AST, CK y LDH) aumentaron. La glucosa aumentó primero para disminuir después. El sodio aumentó en los rebecos controles inmovilizados y disminuyó en los tratados transportados.
Las diferencias entre machos y hembras en parámetros eritrocitarios, glucosa, bilirrubina, creatinina, cloruros y potasio indican una respuesta catecolamínica más intensa en las hembras, mientras que las diferencias en linfocitos, cortisol y ALT sugieren una respuesta adrenocortical superior en machos.
El transporte fue más estresante que la inmovilización, como indican las diferencias en frecuencia cardiaca, parámetros eritrocitarios, creatinina, urea, ALT, CK, LDH, cloruros y sodio.
La acepromacina mejoró el bienestar y disminuyó el riesgo en los rebecos tratados, cuya frecuencia cardiaca no aumentó durante el transporte, tuvieron valores inferiores y una estabilización más temprana de la temperatura rectal, descensos mayores con valores significativamente inferiores en los parámetros eritrocitarios, creatinina, urea, sodio y potasio e incrementos menores en la actividad enzimática sérica (ALT, AST, CK y LDH). Aunque algunos efectos positivos de la acepromacina pueden deberse a su acción tranquilizante central, la mayoría de ventajas pueden atribuirse a su efecto bloqueante α-adrenérgico en bazo, riñón y vasos sanguíneos musculares. Además, el efecto central de la acepromacina parece depender del agente estresante, dado que monocitos, neutrófilos en banda y cortisol aumentaron en los rebecos tratados inmovilizados y los rebecos controles transportados, indicando una mayor excitación en estos dos grupos. La acepromacina también tuvo un efecto tranquilizante y protector superior en hembras, como demuestran temperatura, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, cloruros y potasio.
La concentración salival de cortisol tuvo buena correlación con su concentración sérica, y puede ser una herramienta no invasiva útil para valorar la respuesta de estrés.
The objective of this study was assessing capture, handling and transport stress in Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) captured with drive-nets, and determining the viability of non-invasive techniques (heart rate, rectal temperature and saliva cortisol concentration) to measure stress response. Lack of previous reliable reference haematological and serum biochemical values made it necessary to establish reference values at capture to assess changes in these parameters. Best stress indicators in Southern chamois were determined. The effect of acepromazine on both capture and transport stress was also evaluated.
Southern chamois were captured with drive-nets. The first blood samples taken at capture were used to establish reference values. Then the animals underwent a three-hour period of physical restraint or a transport procedure to study physical restraint and transport stress, respectively. Animals were randomly divided in treatment (acepromazine) and control (saline) groups. Sex effect and its interaction with treatment were considered in the physically restrained group. Heart rate and rectal temperature were registered throughout the study. Blood samples were obtained every hour in the physically restrained Southern chamois, whereas they were obtained at capture and immediately before and after transport in the transported animals.
Capture results were similar or better than those previously reported for Northern chamois.
The first complete and reliable reference values for Southern chamois captured by means of drive-nets were reported, and sex, season, and age differences were found, suggesting the establishment of separate reference values.
Heart rate increased only in control animals during transport, whereas temperature decreased over time in all groups. Erythrocytic parameters (RBC, haemoglobin concentration and PCV) decreased after capture in all groups. Leukocytes changed from initial lymphocytosis to neutrophilia and lymphopenia, with increasing total leukocyte count over time. Monocytes and band neutrophils increased over time in treated restrained and untreated transported Southern chamois. Cholesterol, triglycerides, lactate, creatinine, AP, chloride and potassium decreased during the study, whereas cortisol, total bilirubin, urea, and serum enzymatic activity (ALT, AST, CK and LDH) increased over time. Glucose increased first to decrease later. Sodium increased in untreated restrained and decreased in treated transported Southern chamois.
Differences in stress response between male and female Southern chamois for erythrocytic parameters, glucose, bilirubin, creatinine, chloride and potassium indicate a stronger catecholamine response in females, whereas lymphocytes, cortisol and ALT differences seem to point to a higher corticosteroid response in males.
Transport was more stressful than physical restraint for Southern chamois, as indicated by differences in values and trends in heart rate, erythrocytic parameters, creatinine, urea, ALT, CK, LDH, chloride and sodium.
Acepromazine improved animal welfare and decreased life risk in the treated Southern chamois, which showed lack of increases in heart rate during transport, lower values and earlier stabilization of rectal temperature, higher decreases with significantly lower values for erythrocytic parameters, creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium and lower increases in serum enzymatic activity (ALT, AST, CK and LDH). Although some of the positive effects of acepromazine may be due to its central tranquilizing action, most advantages were attributed to its α-adrenergic-blocking action on spleen, kidney and muscle blood vessels. Moreover, central effect of acepromazine seems to be influenced by the nature of the stressor, since monocytes, band neutrophils and cortisol increased in the treated group in restrained Southern chamois and in the control group in transported Southern chamois, suggesting a higher degree of excitement in these two groups. Acepromazine also had a stronger tranquilizing and protective effect on females, as demonstrated by temperature, ALT, AST, CK, LDH, chloride and potassium.
Saliva cortisol concentration was well correlated with serum cortisol concentration and is a potentially useful noninvasive tool to assess stress response.
Fanning, Jonathan. ""We flow like water"| Contemporary livelihoods and the partitioning of the self among the Chamorro of Guam." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1590564.
Full textThe Chamorros of Guam have experienced colonially-influenced change on spatial and temporal scales for nearly four-hundred and fifty years. They are continuously redefining their identity with respect to these changes, and within the power related discourses of colonialism. The adoption of a colonial understanding of "tradition" has alienated Chamorro from their perception of indigenous identity. A difference between a contemporary "livelihood" and a more traditional "way of life" is apparent, also considered to be a conflict between how a Chamorro "must" behave versus how a Chamorro "ought" to behave to maintain an indigenous identity. Lack of agency, the rise of individualism, and the institutionalization of Chamorro culture have compartmentalized Chamorro identity, and forced contemporary Chamorro to abandon that which is "traditional" in order to engage with a modern world.
This thesis explores these phenomena through a mixed-methods lens, employing participant observation, semi-structured, qualitative interviews, and surveys to explore the domains in which Chamorro draw meaning and personal and cultural identity. The village of Umatac, on the southern-end of Guam, is used as a study population, as the issue of identity formation and remaking is explored through the theoretical perspectives of cognitive anthropology, discursive formation, and place attachment.
Bach, Iraich Ester. "Acute phase proteins in wild boar, pyrenean chamois and spanish ibex: method validation and reference values." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117671.
Full textHay un grupo de proteínas plasmáticas, llamadas proteínas de fase aguda (PFAs), la concentración de las cuales cambia cuando se producen lesiones tisulares inducidas por traumas o estrés y por condiciones infecciosas e inflamatorias. La función principal de las PFAs es restablecer la homeostasis y limitar el crecimiento microbiano. La cuantificación de la concentración de las PFAs puede ser utilizada como herramienta para el diagnóstico y pronóstico, así como para el seguimiento de tratamientos. En la bibliografía hay muchos artículos que describen los diferentes patrones de las proteínas frente distintas enfermedades. Sin embargo, la utilidad de las APPs y su dinámica en enfermedades propias de poblaciones salvajes no ha sido determinada. Los métodos de laboratorio que se utilizan actualmente para medir las APPs deberían ser validados antes de proporcionar ningún resultado. Esto es especialmente importante en las especies salvajes, donde las técnicas de los animales domésticos se extrapolan sin validación previa, y por tanto la fiabilidad de los resultados es desconocida. Los objetivos principales de este trabajo son validar los métodos analíticos disponibles para la determinación de proteínas de fase aguda en ungulados domésticos para su uso en ungulados salvajes, así como proporcionar valores de referencia para las especies estudiadas y verificar la utilidad de estas proteínas de fase aguda. En el ESTUDIO I, realizado en el jabalí, se determinó la concentración sérica de seis APPs: haptoglobina (Hp), el amiloide A sérico (SAA), la proteína C-reactiva (CRP) y la proteína de fase aguda mayor de porcino (Pig-MAP) utilizando kits comerciales. Los kits de las dos últimas proteínas mencionadas diseñados específicamente para su aplicación en muestras de porcino. También se determinaron la glicoproteína ácida soluble (ASG) y la ceruloplasmina (Cp) mediante métodos analíticos descritos previamente. Todos los métodos utilizados demostraron una buena precisión (CV <15%), excepto para las proteínas ASG y SAA que presentaron coeficientes de variación (CVs) entre análisis más altos. Estos dos CVs fueron obtenidos para el pool de concentración baja. El estudio de interferencia demostró que la hemólisis produce interferencia en todas las proteínas estudiadas, sobretodo el SAA. Todas las proteínas estudiadas presentaron diferencias significativas entre las concentraciones de animales sanos y enfermos. Los valores de referencia obtenidos por jabalíes sanos fueron similares a los descritos previamente en otros trabajos realizados en el cerdo doméstico. En el ESTUDIO II se compararon dos métodos diferentes para la determinación de la CRP en el jabalí. Un método immunoturbidimètrico (TIA) específico de humana con un método immunoenzimàtico (ELISA) específico de porcino. También se validó el método immunoturbidimètrico para su uso en los jabalíes. La regresión Passing-Bablok demostró que había un error proporcional entre TIA y ELISA. Este error se redujo cuando se utilizó un calibrador de porcino fabricado en el laboratorio. La validación del TIA con el calibrador de porcino obtenido en el laboratorio demostró tener una buena precisión y una buena exactitud. Se demostró también que la hemólisis produce interferencias importantes en el análisis de la CRP con muestras de jabalí con el TIA. La validación de los métodos de la Hp, SAA, ASG y Cp para su uso en el rebeco se realizó en el ESTUDIO III. En general, todos los métodos presentaron buena precisión y exactitud. Las muestras procedentes de animales sanos produjeron muchos valores por debajo del límite de detección establecido para las proteínas Hp y SAA. La ASG se vio afectada significativamente por la hemólisis. Los valores obtenidos de animales sanos y enfermos fueron significativamente diferentes entre sí. Los métodos de determinación de la Hp y el SAA fueron evaluados para su uso en la cabra montés en el ESTUDIO IV. Estos métodos demostraron tener buena precisión intra-ensayo y buena exactitud. En el estudio inter-ensayo se observó una gran imprecisión para ambas proteínas. La inflamación inducida con la inyección de trementina produjo un cambio significativo en la concentración de Hp y SAA. En cambio, la infección experimental con lengua azul no produjo cambios significativos en ninguna de las proteínas estudiadas. Los métodos validados para la determinación de las PFA en estos cuatro estudios demostraron que los resultados que producen son fiables y que por tanto se pueden aplicar en las especies estudiadas, con la excepción de algunos parámetros que habría que tener en cuenta cuando se utilicen estos métodos. Del mismo modo, hubo diferencias significativas entre los animales sanos y enfermos en todas las proteínas estudiadas en el jabalí y el rebeco, y en la haptoglobina y el amiloide A sérico en la cabra montesa. En esta última especie las dos proteínas estudiadas produjeron cambios de concentración suficientes como para poder discriminar bien entre antes y después del establecimiento de una respuesta inflamatoria inducida por la inyección de trementina.
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are a group of plasma proteins that change in concentration after any tissue injury induced by infection, inflammation, trauma or stress. Their main function is to restore homeostasis and limit microbial growth. The quantification of APPs can be used as a tool for diagnostic and prognostic as well as to monitor treatments. In the literature there are many articles describing the APPs patterns against different diseases in domestic animals, mainly livestock. However, the usefulness of APPs and their dynamics in diseases typical of wild populations has not been characterized. Analytical validation of the laboratory methods in use for the determination of APP should be assessed before the report of any value. This is especially important in wild animals, in which often the techniques in use in domestic animals are extrapolated without prior validation, so that the reliability of the results is unknown. The main goals of the present thesis are to validate analytical methods available for determination of APPs in domestic ungulates for its use in wild ungulates, to provide reference values and to verify the utility of several APPs for the species studied. In STUDY I six different APPs in wild boar were studied: serum haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and porcine major acute phase protein (Pig-MAP) concentrations were determined using commercial kits available, the last two were porcine-specific methods; Acid soluble glycoprotein (ASG) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were analyzed using assay methods described previously in literature. All the methods demonstrated good precision (CVs<15%), except inter assay CVs for ASG and SAA with the low concentration pool. Hemolysis affected all the proteins studied, mostly the SAA. There were significant differences between healthy and diseased animals. Reference ranges obtained for healthy wild boars were similar to those reported previously in literature for domestic pigs. In STUDY II a human CRP turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) was compared to the porcine specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) CRP and validated for its use in wild boar. Passing bablok regression demonstrated that there was a proportional error between TIA and ELISA which was reduced using a porcine in-house calibrator. The validation of TIA CRP with the porcine in-house calibrator showed good precision and accuracy. Important interference was observed in the study of hemolysis. The method validation of Hp, SAA, ASG and Cp conducted in STUDY III in Pyrenean chamois demonstrated good precision and accuracy of all the proteins studied. Hp and SAA yielded many values below the limit of detection when samples from healthy animals were analyzed. ASG was significantly affected by hemolysis. The values obtained from healthy and diseased animals were significantly different from each other. Hp and SAA methods were evaluated for Spanish ibex in STUDY IV with good intra-assay precision and accuracy. An important inter-assay imprecision was observed for both proteins. Inflammation induced by turpentine injection produced a significant change in the concentration of Hp and SAA. No significant changes in any of the proteins studied were observed when a experimentally bluetongue virus infection was induced. APPs methods validated in these studies demonstrated to be reliable in the species studied, except for some parameters that should be kept in mind when implementing these methods. Likewise, significant differences between healthy and disease animals were observed for all the proteins studied in wild boar and Pyrenean chamois. In Spanih ibex, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A discriminated well before and after the establishment of an aseptic inflammation induced by turpentine injection.
Fernández, Sirera Laura. "Epidemiology of pestivirus infection in pyrenean Chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) and other wild and domestic ruminants." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/117597.
Full textSince 2001 several outbreaks of a new disease associated to Border Disease Virus (genus Pestivirus) of genotype 4 infection (BDV-4) have caused important declines in the Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) populations. The main goal of the present research work was to study the epidemiology of BDV infection in Pyrenean chamois and other wild and domestic ruminants, since pestiviruses are not strictly host-specific. The main study areas consisted of the Catalan and Andorran Pyrenees, but also different areas from the Ports de Tortosa i Beseit and Sierra Nevada Spanish mountains and from the Italian and Swiss Alps. The studied species were the Pyrenean chamois, European mouflon (Ovis aries), red (Cervus elaphus), roe (Capreolus capreolus), and fallow deer (Dama dama), Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), Alpine (Capra ibex) and Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica), and sheep, goats and cattle that share the habitat with chamois. Sera were tested for the presence of antibodies against pestivirus with a commercial blocking ELISA assay. Comparative virus neutralization tests were performed in positive sera by using a bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) strain and reference and local BDV strains. Viral detection in wild ruminants was performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using the panpestivirus primers 324 and 326 and/or with a commercial sandwich ELISA assay. As last, the sequence analyses of the 5’UTR region from positive samples and virus isolation were performed. The study of pestivirus epidemiology in Pyrenean chamois populations previously affected by BDV-infection outbreaks revealed that in some populations the disease has become endemic and BDV circulates frequently in the chamois population, possibly having a negative impact on host population dynamics. Contrarily, in some populations BDV does not seem to circulate after the disease outbreak. The study of a Pyrenean chamois population from the Eastern Pyrenees unaffected by disease outbreaks revealed that BDV-4 is self-maintained in this population, apparently without causing negative population dynamic effects. The circulation of weakly virulent strains could have been the cause of the high seroprevalence detected, which could hinder the spread of more virulent strains within this chamois population and the appearance of disease outbreaks. The seropositive Pyrenean chamois had BDV antibodies in all the studied populations, and most of them had higher titres against the BDV-4 strains. All the wild ruminants sharing habitat with Pyrenean chamois showed a low seroprevalence. The seroprevalence in sheep and goats, varied depending on the geographical origin, while in cattle it was constantly high. Sheep had higher antibody titres against the BDV-4 strains, cattle against BVDV, while goats showed higher titres against both BVDV and BDV strains. The study of pestivirus epidemiology in the south-western Italian Alps revealed a high seroprevalence in Alpine chamois, suggesting that members of the genus Rupicapra are likely to be infected with pestiviruses. Otherwise, Alpine and Iberian Ibex from all zones had a low seroprevalence, and most of the positive ibex had BDV antibodies. In Switzerland, the analyzed red deer and one Alpine chamois, had antibodies to BVDV, and the rest of chamois had antibodies to BDV. This results shows that the wild ruminants from this country can be infected with both pestivirus species, BVDV and BDV.
Pioz, Maryline. "Conséquences du parasitisme sur la dynamique des populations d'hôtes : exemples d'agents abortifs dans des populations de chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) et d'Isards (Rupicapra pyrenaïca)." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10124.
Full textResche-Rigon, Frédérique. "Quelques aspects de la compétition entre ongulés sauvages et domestiques : étude des relations entre chamois et moutons dans une vallée du Mercantour." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10152.
Full textChamorro, Chávez Alejandro [Verfasser], and András [Akademischer Betreuer] Bárdossy. "Stochastic and hydrological modelling for climate change prediction in the Lima region, Peru / Alejandro Chamorro Chávez. Betreuer: András Bárdossy." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079525483/34.
Full textAguayo, Bustamante Andrés, and Martínez Jossi Lorena Chamorro. "Sistema para la gestión del proceso productivo de la hoja de tabaco Andrés Aguayo Bustamante, Jossi Lorena Chamorro Martínez." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/274076.
Full textTesis
Guizzo, Bianca Salazar. "'Aquele negrão me chamou de leitão' : representações e práticas corporais de embelezamento na educação infantil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28820.
Full textIn contemporary Brazilian society, questions of appearance and body image are recognized as central elements in the construction processes of children‟s identities. This thesis aims to discuss to what extent the representations of beauty and ugliness understood by children of an early childhood education class, from a public school in the municipality of Esteio/RS, affect the way girls deal with and invest in their bodies, and thus outline their femininities. The main focuses of this research are: 1) to present how certain representations of gender, race/color, social class and generation, built and repeated daily through a variety of cultural and visual pedagogies , reflect and circulate as almost absolute truths in the children's educational environment; 2) to show how the girls in this group get involved with certain bodily practices to be considered beautiful from representations spread among different cultural and social media in contemporaneity, Taking into account such objectives, some situations developed in the school everyday life were presented so that the children could express their ideas about the theme. The results showed that girls and boys are worried about their appearances and such concerns probably are constructed from images and representations to which they have access through various means. Due to the intense presence of representations and images, girls in particular are encouraged to invest in their bodies, which contribute in the formation of their identities. They often want to have perfect bodies and engage in practices to hide their "flaws" and resemble celebrities they admire. However, such practices were not analyzed here as a “natural" female behavior, but as part of a system of historical, social and cultural relations. For the development of such analyses, the contributions of Gender Studies, Cultural Studies and Visual Culture Studies were used, particularly those associated with the post-structuralism approaches. Such fields of study are productive to the extent that they believe that our identities are continually forged and incorporated within certain cultures by a constant struggle over power. In addition, they provide tools for the analysis of artifacts and events, which permeate the cultural and educational arenas and are relevant to the production of children's identities.
Unterthiner, Stefano. "Ranging patterns, habitat use and male mating behaviour of Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra) in the Italian Alps." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327005.
Full textMason, Thomas Howard. "Life-history, demography and behaviour of the Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) : the role of climate and environmental change." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9382/.
Full textMontoya, Martine. "Les désastres du premier malentendu dans le Pacifique : les Mariannes espagnoles (XVI-XVIIIé)." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030074.
Full textWe first endeavored to describe the geographical and political context, the framework of the Spanish colonization of the Marianas (16th-18th centuries), examining, the actors’ motivations and difficulties, the similarities and exacerbation of the phenomenon, in relation with previous colonies in the Philippines and America. Then we carefully scrutinized the image of the islanders, as apprehended by the Spaniards, the Christians’s “projections”, the methods of evangelization and Europeanization, and the Chamorros’resistance that proved to be radical and violent in proportion to the disruptions produced, and the demographic collapse. Population drops appear to be proportional to socio-economic, cultural and moral disruptions, beyond times, places and the nature of the settlements : In the Marianas, by comparison to the Philippines or America, no sufficient motivation or acculturation vector emerged to justify or make possible any salutary compromise or rebound of whatever kind, neither in political and military matters, (“ no “common enemy”, total social disruption), nor in economical matters (the Chamorro fishermen and mariners found no real incentives in agriculture and in the new labor activities imposed on them etc), nor in religious matters (their vision of the world could not take in novelties. . )…
Schnidrig-Petrig, Reinhard. "Modern Icarus in wildlife habitat : effects of paragliding on behaviour, habitat use and body condition of chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Full textLefebvre, Tiphaine. "Influence de l’herbivorie sauvage et domestique en prairie subalpine : réponse métabolique des plantes et conséquences fonctionnelles sur la décomposition des litières." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV030/document.
Full textAlpine grasslands are home to large populations of wild herbivores and are often exposed to additional grazing by domestic herbivores. This study aims to investigate the metabolic response of subalpine plant species to herbivory and to identify the ecosystem functional consequences via the alteration of litter decomposability. For this purpose, we set up a two-year experimental design using exclosures on the Armenaz subalpine grassland from the Bauges massif, under two mammalian herbivory regimes: intensive grazing by domestic heifers (Bos taurus) and extensive grazing by wild chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra). We measured leaf functional traits representative of growth and defense metabolisms on about twenty plant species grown in presence or absence of herbivores, and estimated litter decomposability of some of these species. Contrary to the hypothesis of a growth/defense tradeoff, our results show that the allocation of defensive compounds (polyphenols and lignin) in plants is not related to their nutrient acquisition strategy. In our study, plant responses to grazing exclusion vary according to: (1) herbivory context, plant response being more pronounced in the case of intensive grazing by heifers than extensive grazing by chamois, (2) plant species, suggesting that they rely on different defensive strategies, (3) environmental conditions, which may reflect the interactive effects with grazing treatment. One of the observed responses of plants to grazing exclusion is the decrease of their phenolic content, and more specifically flavonoids, which can be explained by the relaxation of the production of plant defenses when herbivores are no longer present. Chamois exclusion has no influence on chemical composition and decomposability of litters, the latter being best explained by its phenolic content. Revealing the contrasted effects of wild and domestic mammalian herbivores on vegetation and related soil processes allow us to improve our understanding of subalpine grasslands functioning. This should help us to better predict the effects of potential demographic variations of herbivore populations on environment
Martin, Claire. "Les pestivirus à l'interface faune sauvage-faune domestique : pathogénie chez l'isard gestant et épidémiologie dans la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4120.
Full textIn the French South Alps, diminutions of effectives of chamois were recently reported. Besides, pestivirus were shown to cause high mortalities in Pyrenean chamois. While clinical signs associated were characterized in wild populations, the pathogeny in pregnant female has not been studied yet. Moreover, interspecies transmissions were recently incriminated in the epidemiology of pestivirus infections, especially in alpine pastures, known for their height rate contact between wild and domestic ruminants. The objectives of this doctorate were, in a first time, to study the pathogeny on pregnancy associated to the pestivirus infection in Pyrenen chamius. Then, this survey was aimed to study the infection epidemiology in various area of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (PACA) region, firstly in wild ruminants and at the interface between wild and domestic ruminants sharing the same pastures. Results of this work shown that an active circulation of pestivirus is present in the PACA region, in both wild and domestic ruminants. In the Alpes de Haute-Provence district, isolated pestiviral strains from chamois ans sheep clustered in the same genogroup, showing a geographical continuity in the strains repartition. Results obtained from the experimental infection showed important effects on the pregnancy, with a possible birth of PI animal in chamois and sheep. Our results showed that two epidemiological cycles are present in chamois and sheep, respectively, characterized by an important circulation intra-species and connected by punctual transmission between animal species
Colom, Cadena Andreu. "Epidemiological aspects of border disease Virus infection in pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica): influence of the viral strain, non-artiodactyl hosts and sheep transhumance." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457896.
Full textPestiviruses (Family Flaviviridae) cause diseases with important economic and health impact on livestock. One of these pestivirus species, the Border Disease Virus (BDV) is also of importance in wildlife conservation since 2001 when it was associated with high mortality outbreaks in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica). After 16 years of research, different epidemiological scenarios of BDV infection in chamois populations have been described. The main objective of the present thesis was to analyse the role of three factors that may explain this epidemiological diversity: viral strains, sympatric wild non-artiodactyl hosts and sheep transhumance. Study I was designed to confirm the presence of BDV strains of high and low virulence in free-ranging chamois populations from Pyrenees and to understand the implications of these findings to the diverse epidemiological scenarios. An experimental infection of Pyrenean chamois with a high virulent (Cadí-6) and low virulent (Freser-5) BDV strains was performed. Pregnant and non-pregnant animals with and without antibodies were included in each group. Cadí-6 BDV strain was confirmed to be of high virulence for adults and foetuses. Three chamois died before the end of the experiment with haemorrhagic diathesis. All but one antibody negative animals presented long viraemia, high nasal and rectal viral shedding and wide viral distribution in tissues. Foetuses infected with Cadí-6 died before the end of the experiment presenting high viral RNA loads. The antibody negative chamois infected with Freser-5 BDV strain presented less viral distribution and RNA load in tissues than Cadí-6 group, and cleared the virus from the serum. However, foetuses died before the end of the experiment and RNA virus was detected in sera and tissues although with lower RNA load than the Cadí-6 group. Chamois from both groups presented lesions in brain but the ones infected with the low virulent Freser-5 BDV strain were mild and most likely transient. In both groups, in pregnant females with antibodies and all but one of their foetuses did not present viraemia or viral RNA in tissues. These results demonstrate that viral strains diversity is a significant factor in the heterogeneity of epidemiological scenarios in Pyrenean chamois populations. Since free-ranging common rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and Bennett’s wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) were found susceptible to pestivirus infections, chamois sympatric non-artiodactyl species became of interest as potential hosts in pestivirus epidemiology. Study II focused on the susceptibility to pestivirus infection of two of these species: European hare (Lepus europaeus) and Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota). None of the marmots presented pestivirus and antibodies in the analyzed sera samples. Although no pestivirus was detected, 36.2% of hares had neutralizing antibodies. Thus, the European hare is the third wild non-artiodactyl with documented susceptibility to pestivirus infection. The anthropogenic influence in the diversity of epidemiological scenarios in chamois BDV infection was assessed in Study III and focused on transhumant sheep flocks. Five sheep flocks grazing in two alpine areas in the Pyrenees with two different BDV epidemiological scenarios in chamois populations were studied. Sheep were sampled before and after transhumance. Only one farm presented persistent BDV circulation in the flock. In that farm, joining feed lots in alpine meadows was demonstrated as the main factor for viral transmission. Moreover, the titration of neutralizing antibodies in that farm showed that most of the infections may be the result of contact with BDV strains of domestic origin. The only BDV sequenced (5’UTR region) in this farm was found genetically close related to previous BDV strains from chamois origin. This fact, together with the evidence that in another studied farm sheep antibodies seems to be originated by a chamois-like BDV strain, indicate that occasional transmission between sheep and chamois occurs.
Resche-Rigon, Frédérique. "Quelques aspects de la compétition entre ongulés sauvages et domestiques étude des relations entre chamois et moutons dans une vallée du Mercantour /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609292k.
Full textCassar, Stéphanie. "Organisation sptatiale de la variabilité génétique et phénotypique à l'échelle du paysage : le cas du chamois et du chevreuil, en milieu de montagne." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10341.
Full textNatural populations are spatially heterogeneous, structured at different scales and ecological traits, such as demographic or genetic component. Many factors can be involved in the spatial substructure of populations: intrinsic factors like intraspecific competition but also environmental factors, such as landscape barriers. Firstly, we studied the spatial organisation of genetic variability in two ungulates, Roe deer and Chamois, in order to identify the spatial scale at which populations are substructured and the ecological factors involved in these spatial patterns. Our results suggest that populations of roe deer and chamois are spatially subdivided and constituted of several sub-units. Our findings indicate the presence of constraints acting on individual movements and gene flow. Landscape fragmentation, habitat heterogeneity and social organisation seem to be the main factors involved in these spatial patterns. Coupled to genetic analyses, the spatial distribution of roe deer body mass in correlation with landscape variables has been investigated. Our results reveal a high spatial heterogeneity of individual body mass, due to pronounced spatial habitat variability in the Bauges massif. Our study highlights first the importance of detecting genetic spatial pattern of populations and the scale at which they are spatially substructured and second the necessity of determining which factors can influence these patterns, especially in wildlife management
Chamorro, Coral William Adolfo Verfasser], and Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] [Mücklich. "Microstructure, chemistry and optical properties in ZnO and ZnO-Au nanocomposite thin films grown by DC-reactive magnetron co-sputtering / William Adolfo Chamorro Coral ; Betreuer: Frank Mücklich." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1136608052/34.
Full textFrisdahl, Sascha Maria. "Una lectura crítica de la imagen de Evangelina Chamorro, la mujer que sobrevivió a un huayco en el Perú en el año 2017, mediante un análisis del discurso periodístico." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13248.
Full textThe goal of this study is to reveal the discourses used to represent an ordinary heroine in two national newspapers during and after a natural disaster in Peru. This type of research is important since the portrayed heroine represents certain values and norms of society in Peru, which contributes to the creation of a certain ideal. The ideal, which is being created, represents the woman in a specific way, which works as an example to follow. The theoretical framework is therefore representations of the female gender and ordinary heroes. I analyze the case of Evangelina Chamorro, a woman famous from a viral video where she survives a mudslide in Peru in 2017, using Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis as a method. I further analyze how businesses and the state have used Evangeline’s image as a method to take social responsibility during the mudslides. The analyzed objects are online news articles, written the following month after Evangelina survived the mudslide, from two Peruvian newspapers: Trome and La República. The analysis and investigation concludes that the two newspapers propagate a certain version of the world, through language use, which reinforces existing representations of the female gender. This constitute a certain way of how a woman should be, and thus constitute the ideal woman. Evangelina is celebrated by businesses and the state in order to take a position as social responsible during the mudslides. It is a type of responsibility, which have benefits in the constitution of their own images. The newspapers consider the information provided by the state and businesses as truth and objective, and they do not question that the celebration of Evangelina Chamorro is political
Tesis
Wald, de Chamorro Nina [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Prävalenz und Bedeutung spezifischer inhibitorischer Auto-Antikörper gegen muskarinerge Acetylcholinrezeptoren vom Typ 3 bei Patienten mit primär biliärer Cholangitis : eine retrospektive Studie aus zwei unabhängigen universitären Zentren aus Berlin und Leipzig / Nina Wald de Chamorro." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223927229/34.
Full textBabad, Géraldine. "Étude des relations entre un peuplement animal et la végétation : impacts du chamois, du chevreuil et du mouflon sur les peuplements forestiers dans la réserve nationale de faune sauvage et de chasse des Bauges (Savoie)." Chambéry, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CHAMS017.
Full textGálvez, Cerón Arturo Leonel. "Dieta del rebeco en el pirineo oriental: efectos del ganado doméstico y de los parásitos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/319698.
Full textA cornerstone in the field of trophic ecology is understanding whether diet overlap leads to coexistence or competence. In order to know the current understanding about this, we performed a literature review in both the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge and other specific journals written in Spanish. This review was focused on theBovidae, Equidae, and Cervidae families. Concretelly, our objective was to explored whether food availability, the co-occurrence of ungulates belonging to specific taxa and the fact of being wild or domestic influenced diet overlap. Model selection was based on the Akaike information criteria. Diet overlap peaked between bovidae and equidae members, but was low between bovids and equids. Food availability had few influence on diet overlap and the fact of being wild or domestic had no effect. Further research on the impact of dietary shifts due to species co-occurrence will be required to understand whether diet overlap results in competition for food.
Coplin, Janet C. (Janet Cecile). "The Politicization of Public Education in Nicaragua: 1967-1994, Regime Type and Regime Strategy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279077/.
Full textBison, Marjorie. "Approches taxonomique et fonctionnelle des interactions trophiques entre grands herbivores et communautés végétales dans un écosystème de montagne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV068/document.
Full textGiven the key role of large herbivores on species and functional plant diversity, we aimed at better understanding the relationship between herbivory and plant communities mainly at a fine-scale, in order to reconcile objectives of population management and plant conservation. For this purpose, we used both taxonomic and functional approaches, and studied interactions at the inter- and intra-specific levels. We combined information coming from three databases: (1) diet data from DNA-metabarcoding applied on chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon) faeces from the Bauges Massif, (2) characteristics of plant communities (plant composition, biomass, phenology), (3) plant functional traits. Analyses of intra-specific variability of the three large herbivores allowed us to upscale the niche variation hypothesis (NVH) of Van Valen from the intra- to the inter-specific level, i.e. we observed a positive relationship between the species niche breadth and among-individual variation. Then, based on two chamois subpopulations living in pastures, one living in sympatry with the mouflon and the other living in allopatry, we revealed the absence of negative effects of the introduced mouflon population on native chamois population diet, both for the taxonomic and functional dietary niche. Analyses of diet selection criteria allowed us to highlight differences in choice criteria between chamois and mouflon in some seasons, which helped to explain the taxonomic and functional niche partitioning of the two species. Furthermore, the proposed scenario of the evolution of diet selection over the year for both species were consistent with ungulate-specific morpho-physiological features. Finally, contrary to the literature where no studies could discriminate the direct and indirect effects of functional traits on diet selection because of correlations, we used path analyses, which allowed us to show that in most cases, biomechanical traits had a direct effect on diet choices, whereas chemical traits had an indirect effect. Furthermore, from a methodological point of view, we advised to use nitrogen fecal indices only to study the evolution of species-specific and location-specific population long-term diet quality, but not to compare diet quality between species, nor to study slight fluctuations at the intra-seasonal level. The complementarity of the approaches allowed us to better account for the structuration of herbivore communities, which should help to better assess the actual state and the evolution of relationships among individuals, species and their environment.Key-words: ungulates, intra- and inter-specific interactions, taxonomic and functional approach, DNA metabarcoding, NIRS, Bauges Massif, diet selection
Hoppe-Cruz, Anghet, and Kisha Borja-Kicho'cho'. "I Kareran I Palabran Mami-the Journey of Our Words." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24267.
Full text(11186172), Curtis Jeffrey Jewell. "CHamoru Uncertainty: Revitalization Rhetoric in Decolonial Settings." Thesis, 2021.
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