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Journal articles on the topic 'Chamorus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Punzalan, Bernard T. "Chamorro Roots Genealogy Project: Technological Milestones." Genealogy 3, no. 3 (July 10, 2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy3030038.

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With the advent of technology, the Chamorro Roots Genealogy Project has evolved from a personal family project into a CHamoru peoples’ project with a database containing over 344,000 names and globally accessible over the internet. The technological presence is not only for CHamoru-specific genealogists. Its accessibility is also important for an ever-growing CHamoru diaspora population of over 147,798 in the United States, where the majority of the CHamoru population now resides. In this paper, I will discuss some of the Project’s history, technological tools to network, communicate, and collaborate on the Project’s data. This includes the publication of the transcribed 1920 and 1930 Census of Guam with observational comments. The essay concludes with a brief observation of methods, use and results of social media as a key collaborating mechanism that is the genesis for further developing a comprehensive index of CHamoru family clan names and a first name-nickname dictionary. The global accessibility of these resources produced from this Project will continue to add to the availability of CHamoru genealogy resources locally and abroad. More importantly, perhaps it will provide a key data-mining resource for scholars to review and interpret data that will enable another aspect to the knowledge-base of CHamoru history from a genealogical lens.

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2

Perez, Craig Santos. "The Chamorro Creation Story, Guam Land Struggles, and Contemporary Poetry." English Language Notes 58, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00138282-8237377.

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Abstract This essay focuses on the creation story of the Indigenous Chamorro people from the western Pacific Island of Guam. The essay presents and analyzes the deeper meaning of the story of Puntan and Fu’una as they birth the island of Guam and the Chamorro people. Moreover, it maps the history of Catholic missionization that displaced and replaced the Chamorro creation story. The essay covers the related issue of how colonization removed Chamorros from their ancestral lands and appropriated these lands for imperial, military, tourism, and urban development. Then it highlights the decades-long struggle of Chamorro activists to reclaim the land. Lastly, it turns to contemporary Chamorro poetry to illustrate how authors have revitalized and retold the story of Puntan and Fu’una to critique and protest the degradation of Chamorro lands and to advocate for the protection and return of the land.

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3

Twaddle, Iain K. B., J. Peter Roberto, and Ladisa D. Quintanilla. "Chamorro Perspectives on Mental Health Issues in Guam: Cross-Currents of Indigenous and Western Cultural Discourses." South Pacific Journal of Psychology 14 (2003): 30–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0257543400000237.

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AbstractIn order to promote cultural sensitivity in addressing mental health problems among the Chamorro people of Guam, the authors conducted a study aimed at exploring indigenous Chamorro alternatives to Western mental health theory. In tape-recorded interviews, thirty Chamorro participants shared their thoughts on Guam's psychosocial problems and the various ways in which Chamorros describe, explain, and address these problems now and historically. The resulting narratives were analyzed through a multi-layered process involving a number of Chamorro and non-Chamorro researchers and the participants themselves. In the spirit of participatory research, direct quotations from the interviews were woven into a synthesized cultural narrative highlighting a multiplicity of participant perspectives. This narrative examines substance abuse, violence, youth and family problems, and socially “bizarre” behavior in the context of cultural changes resulting from modernity and Westernization. The narrative also outlines Chamorro indigenous approaches to helping and healing, including family support, community support, and the use of traditional healers, as well as Chamorro views on Western mental health services. Discussion focuses on the role of mental health discourse in contemporary Chamorro culture.

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4

Cox, Paul Alan, David A. Davis, Deborah C. Mash, James S. Metcalf, and Sandra Anne Banack. "Dietary exposure to an environmental toxin triggers neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid deposits in the brain." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1823 (January 27, 2016): 20152397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2397.

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Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and β-amyloid plaques are the neurological hallmarks of both Alzheimer's disease and an unusual paralytic illness suffered by Chamorro villagers on the Pacific island of Guam. Many Chamorros with the disease suffer dementia, and in some villages one-quarter of the adults perished from the disease. Like Alzheimer's, the causal factors of Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS/PDC) are poorly understood. In replicated experiments, we found that chronic dietary exposure to a cyanobacterial toxin present in the traditional Chamorro diet, β- N -methylamino- l -alanine (BMAA), triggers the formation of both NFT and β-amyloid deposits similar in structure and density to those found in brain tissues of Chamorros who died with ALS/PDC. Vervets ( Chlorocebus sabaeus ) fed for 140 days with BMAA-dosed fruit developed NFT and sparse β-amyloid deposits in the brain. Co-administration of the dietary amino acid l -serine with l -BMAA significantly reduced the density of NFT. These findings indicate that while chronic exposure to the environmental toxin BMAA can trigger neurodegeneration in vulnerable individuals, increasing the amount of l -serine in the diet can reduce the risk.

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5

Spencer, Peter S. "Guam ALS/Parkinsonism-Dementia: A Long-Latency Neurotoxic Disorder Caused by “Slow Toxin(s)” in Food?" Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 14, S3 (August 1987): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100037732.

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ABSTRACT:Parkinsonism (P) with progressive dementia (D) of the Alzheimer type is recognized as a clinical variant of a form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that has occurred in high incidence among the Chamorro people of the islands of Guam and Rota in the Marianas chain of Micronesia. The declining annual incidence, upward shifting of the age of onset, narrowing of the sex ratio, and occurrence of the disease among non-Chamorros, point to a disappearing environmental causation peculiar to the traditional culture of these islands. Evidence is presented in support of the proposal that heavy use of certain toxic plants, notably cycads, a traditional source of food and medicine for the Chamorro people, plays an important etiological role. Clinical and epidemiological approaches are offered to test for a relationship between ALS/P-D and long-latency plant toxicity.

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6

Wu, Phillis L., Georgia Robins Sadler, Victoria Nguyen, Manli Shi, Elizabeth A. Gilpin, Lee Ann C. Cruz, Lillian A. Blas, and Jesus A. Cruz. "Diabetes Management in San Diego’s Chamorro Community." Diabetes Educator 31, no. 3 (May 2005): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145721705276579.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the diabetes risk status, incidence, and morbidity within San Diego’s Chamorro community as a foundation to help community leaders and health care providers create culturally customized health promotion interventions. Methods The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey was used to query a randomly selected, convenience sample of San Diego Chamorros (N = 228) drawn from the Chamorro Directory International. Based on individual survey responses, participants were mailed personalized health-promoting information. Subsequently, they received information that addressed the most commonly observed overall threats to the Chamorro community’s health. Results A higher than average prevalence of diabetes and gestational diabetes was reported by study participants along with a high prevalence of the risk factors associated with the premature onset of diabetes and its consequences. Conclusion Collaborative partnerships between health professionals and community leaders can help identify opportunities and strategies for improving the health of the nation’s population subgroups. San Diego’s Chamorro community leaders now have a clearer understanding of the prevalence of diabetes risk factors within their community and can begin working with public health educators to create culturally aligned diabetes prevention and management programs. Given the willingness of Chamorro leaders to get involved in the development of a diabetes awareness campaign and the community’s closely knit social network, it should be possible to promote (1) community participation in the intervention program, (2) an increase in the community’s adherence to recommended behavioral changes, and (3) identification of additional program modifications that will further enhance the program’s cultural relevance.

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7

Chamoun, Fady. "Pathophysiologic role of selectins and their ligands in ischemia reperfusion injury." Frontiers in Bioscience 5, no. 1 (2000): e103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/chamoun.

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8

Hattori, Anne Perez. "Textbook tells: gender, race, and decolonizing Guam history textbooks in the 21st century." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 14, no. 2 (June 2018): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177180118770177.

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Many examples from Guam’s historiography demonstrate women’s influence in Chamorro society, ranging from cosmological accounts of a creator goddess to failed legislation in the early 1900s that sought to restrict occupations available to women. This article examines the representation of women, as well as indigenous Chamorros, in the five Guam History textbooks published since 1964. The findings reveal that the textbooks, including those written with a specifically “islander-centered” approach, teach Guam’s history in comprehensive chronologies that privilege men of political and military power. This telling consequently obfuscates the historical agency of any women, particularly Native ones. This article suggests that a move away from the standard political framework commonly found in textbooks would better assure the recognition of women’s contributions to society. Such a reframing of the historical lens could serve as a vehicle toward the decolonization of textbooks.

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9

Felippe, Guilherme Galhegos, and Carlos Paz. "GRACIELA CHAMORRO." Espaço Ameríndio 5, no. 2 (October 22, 2011): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1982-6524.20573.

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10

DUKES, MICHAEL. "Agreement in Chamorro." Journal of Linguistics 36, no. 3 (November 2000): 575–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700008392.

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Sandra Chung, The design of agreement: evidence from Chamorro. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. Pp. xii + 423.Sandra Chung's leading contribution to the development of generative analyses of the morphosyntax of Austronesian languages is widely known. This book is the culmination of some two decades of research on Chamorro and is also, as the title suggests, an attempt to embed that body of research within a particular theory of agreement – one which has an explicitly syntactic flavour and which emphasizes the separation of morphology and syntax. Quite apart from the treatment of agreement itself, Chung also discusses a host of fascinating issues surrounding the analysis of Chamorro that have important ramifications for the analysis of languages that are typologically and genetically related to it, including the issue of configurationality and the nature of VSO word order. Additionally, there is extensive discussion of the treatment of wh-movement and the relationship of the Chamorro phenomenon of Wh-Agreement to the constraints on extraction observed in numerous other Austronesian languages and elsewhere. This book, along with the research program it represents, is an important addition to the literature on the less well-studied languages of the world and is obligatory reading for any syntactician with an interest in the cross-linguistic viability of syntactic theory.

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11

Blust, R. A. "Chamorro Historical Phonology." Oceanic Linguistics 39, no. 1 (2000): 83–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2000.0002.

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12

Perez, Teresita L. "I Hinanao-ta Nu I Manaotao Tåno’ I CHamoru Siha (The Journey of the CHamoru People)." Contemporary Pacific 31, no. 2 (2019): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2019.0023.

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13

San Nicolas-Rocca, Tonia, and James Parrish. "Capturing and Conveying Chamorro Cultural Knowledge Using Social Media." International Journal of Knowledge Management 9, no. 3 (July 2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2013070101.

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The Chamorro people have a long history and rich cultural traditions that have survived the affects of colonization and loss of political control. However, these traditions are in danger of being lost if they are not passed from one generation to the next. The purpose of this study is to understand if information and communication technologies, specifically social media, are used to capture and convey Chamorro cultural knowledge. Two data collection methods were used to understand the type(s) of Chamorro cultural knowledge that is valued, and what social media is used by the Chamorro people today to capture and convey cultural knowledge. The results indicate that the Chamorro people today share the core Chamorro cultural values, and do use information and communication technologies, including social media to capture and convey Chamorro cultural knowledge.

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14

Perez, Craig Santos. "“The Ocean in Us”: Navigating the Blue Humanities and Diasporic Chamoru Poetry." Humanities 9, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9030066.

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This essay will explore the complex relationship between Pacific Islander Literature and the “Blue Humanities,” navigation traditions and canoe aesthetics, and Chamoru migration and diaspora. First, I will chart the history, theory, and praxis of Pacific voyaging traditions; the colonial history of restricting indigenous mobilities; and the decolonial acts of seafaring revitalization in the Pacific (with a specific focus on Guam). Then, I will examine the representation of seafaring and the ocean-going vessel (the canoe) as powerful symbols of Pacific migration and diasporic cultural identity in the context of what Elizabeth DeLoughrey termed, “narrative maritime legacies” (2007). Lastly, I will conduct a close-reading of the avant-garde poetry collection, A Bell Made of Stones (2013), by Chamoru writer Lehua Taitano. As I will show, Taitano writes about the ocean and navigation in order to address the history and traumas of Chamoru migration and diaspora. In terms of poetic form, I will argue that Taitano’s experimentation with typography and visual poetry embodies Chamoru outrigger design aesthetics and navigational techniques. In the end, I will show how a “Blue Humanities” approach to reading Pacific Islander literature highlights how the “New Oceania” is a profound space of Pacific migration and diasporic identity.

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15

McAllaster, Elva. "Sheep? Chamois? Falcon?" Christianity & Literature 40, no. 3 (June 1991): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014833319104000325.

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16

Wheat, C. Geoffrey, Patricia Fryer, Ken Takai, and Samuel Hulme. "Spotlight: South Chamorro Seamount." Oceanography 23, no. 01 (March 1, 2010): 174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2010.81.

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17

Shell, Richard. "THE CHAMORRO FLYING PROA." Mariner's Mirror 72, no. 2 (January 1986): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.1986.10656078.

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18

O’Connor, Patrick. "Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic interview." Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal 32, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlo-02-2018-0031.

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19

Manglona, Rosa Duenas, Suzanne Robert, Lucy San Nicolas Isaacson, Marie Garrido, Faye Babauta Henrich, Lola Sablan-Santos, Daisy Le, and Ruth Peters. "Promoting Breast Cancer Screening through Storytelling by Chamorro Cancer Survivors." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 8, SI (December 15, 2010): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v8isi.2046.

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The largest Chamorro population outside of Guam and the Mariana Islands reside in California. Cancer health disparities disproportionally affect Pacific Islander communities, including the Chamorro, and breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women. To address health concerns such as cancer, Pacific Islander women frequently utilize storytelling to initiate conversations about health and to address sensitive topics such as breast health and cancer. One form of storytelling used in San Diego is a play that conveys the message of breast cancer screening to the community in a culturally and linguistically appropriate way. This play, Nan Nena’s Mammogram, tells the story of an older woman in the community who learns about breast cancer screening from her young niece. The story builds upon the underpinnings of Chamorro culture - family, community, support, and humor - to portray discussing breast health, getting support for breast screening, and visiting the doctor. The story of Nan Nena’s Mammogram reflects the willingness of a few pioneering Chamorro women to use their personal experiences of cancer survivorship to promote screening for others. Through the support of a Chamorro community-based organization, these Chamorro breast cancer survivors have used the success of Nan Nena’s Mammogram to expand their education activities and to form a new cancer survivor organization for Chamorro women in San Diego.

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20

Clement Jr., Michael Richard. "Chamorro country songs: Cross-Cultural translation in post-World War II Chamorro music." Perfect Beat 16, no. 1-2 (November 9, 2015): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/prbt.v16i1-2.22321.

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21

Cabezón, Oscar, Roser Velarde, Gregorio Mentaberre, Laura Fernández-Sirera, Encarna Casas-Díaz, Jorge López-Olvera, Emmanuel Serrano, et al. "Experimental infection with chamois border disease virus causes long-lasting viraemia and disease in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica)." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 2494–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.034595-0.

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Since 2001, severe outbreaks of disease associated with border disease virus (BDV) infection have been reported in Pyrenean chamois. The disease is characterized by variable degrees of cachexia, alopecia and neurological manifestations prior to death. The aim of this study was to investigate this disease under experimental conditions. To assess viral virulence, humoral immune response, dissemination and probable routes of transmission, seven chamois (five seronegative and two seropositive for BDV) were inoculated with a BDV isolated from a naturally infected chamois. A group of three chamois were maintained as uninfected controls. The five seronegative chamois became viraemic from day 2 post-inoculation (p.i.) until their death (three animals) or the end of the experiment (on day 34 p.i.) and developed neutralizing antibodies from day 18 p.i. until the end of the study. Continuous shedding of the virus was detected by RT-PCR in oral, nasal and rectal swabs in viraemic chamois from day 5 p.i. Despite none of the viraemic chamois showing obvious neurological signs, all of them had a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis as seen in naturally infected chamois. The two inoculated BDV-seropositive chamois did not become viraemic. This study confirms that BDV is the primary agent of the disease that has been affecting chamois populations in recent years in the Pyrenees and that previously acquired humoral immunity is protective.

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22

Faingold, Eduardo D. "Language rights in the United States island territory of Guam." Language Problems and Language Planning 42, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00015.fai.

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Abstract This article examines the language legislation of the United States territory of Guam as stated in the Organic Act of Guam (1950) and its legal statutes. The article seeks to offer suggestions about how the quality of this language legislation might be improved. As in a few states in the United States (i.e., Hawaii, Louisiana, and New Mexico), Guam established linguistic laws with provisions that protect the language rights of Chamorro speakers, the native population of Guam, especially in the areas of education and language standardization. In spite of the impressive array of language laws enacted by Guam’s legislature to teach Chamorro language and culture in the schools for more than half a century, the use of English is increasing, while that of Chamorro continues to shrink in Guam, which may be due to a lack of buy-in by the indigenous Chamorro population with respect to the importance of expanding the use of this language for the purpose of maintaining a modern-day Chamorro identity.

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23

Scancarelli, Janine. "Referential Strategies in Chamorro Narratives." Studies in Language 9, no. 3 (January 1, 1985): 335–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.9.3.03sca.

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24

UNDERWOOD, ROBERT. "English and Chamorro on Guam." World Englishes 8, no. 1 (March 1989): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-971x.1989.tb00436.x.

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25

Chung, Sandra, and William A. Ladusaw. "Chamorro evidence for compositional asymmetry." Natural Language Semantics 14, no. 4 (April 19, 2007): 325–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11050-007-9007-x.

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26

Laronde, André, and Jean-Jacques Maffre. "François Chamoux (1915-2007)." Revue archéologique 47, no. 1 (2009): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/arch.091.0069.

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27

D'Angelo, A., M. Capucchio, E. Ferroglio, and A. Jaggy. "Astrocytoma in a chamois." Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde 147, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281.147.10.453.

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28

Rapadas, Juan M. "Transmission of Violence: The Legacy of Colonialism in Guam and the Path to Peace." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 1, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/prp.1.2.33.

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AbstractThe Western Pacific island of Guam, located in Micronesia has a long history of colonisation. Through centuries of warfare, violence, disease, subjugation, and disregard for basic human rights and freedom, the indigenous Chamoru people have been wounded and defeated in innumerable ways. They have persevered and survived throughout the centuries, despite their traumatic history, but not without consequences. This theoretical article explores those consequences and the traumatic ‘debris’ within the context of traumatology and post-traumatic stress disorder literature, the Jewish Holocaust experience, and the modern sociopolitical atmosphere on Guam. Finally, some recommendations that have themes of empowerment, reparations, cultural renaissance, and rebirth are offered to restore balance and peace to the lives of the native Chamoru of today's Guam.

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29

McConnel, John. "Cyanobacteria, cycads, Chiroptera, and the Chamorro." Lancet Infectious Diseases 4, no. 7 (July 2004): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(04)01077-1.

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30

Crosswhite, Katherine. "Segmental vs. prosodic correspondence in Chamorro." Phonology 15, no. 3 (December 1998): 281–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675799003619.

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31

Chung, Sandra. "VP's and verb movement in Chamorro." Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 8, no. 4 (November 1990): 559–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00133693.

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32

Ascenzi, P., M. E. Clementi, S. G. Condò, M. Coletta, R. Petruzzelli, F. Polizio, M. Rizzi, C. Giunta, V. Peracino, and B. Giardina. "Functional, spectroscopic and structural properties of haemoglobin from chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and steinbock (Capra hircus ibex)." Biochemical Journal 296, no. 2 (December 1, 1993): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2960361.

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The functional and spectroscopic properties of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) and steinbock (Capra hircus ibex) haemoglobin (Hb) have been studied with special reference to the action of allosteric effectors and temperature. Moreover, the amino acid sequences of the N-terminal segments of the alpha- and beta-chains have been determined. The present results indicate that chamois and steinbock Hbs display a low affinity for O2, which appears to be modulated in vivo by Cl- ions rather than 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate. The Bohr effect for O2 binding to chamois and steinbock Hb is higher than for reindeer and bovine Hbs, being similar to that of human Hb. Moreover, the temperature-dependence of oxygenation appears intermediate between that of human and reindeer Hbs. E.p.r. and absorption spectroscopic properties of the ferrous nitrosylated derivative of chamois and steinbock Hbs suggest that both haemoproteins are in a low-affinity conformation even in the absence of InsP6. The reduced effect of polyphosphates on the functional and spectroscopic properties of chamois and steinbock Hb agree with amino acid differences in the N-terminal segment of the beta-chains (i.e. the deletion of Val(NA1) and the replacement of His(NA2), present in human Hb, and Gln(NA2), present in horse Hb, by Met). The molecular mechanism modulating the basic reaction of O2 with chamois and steinbock Hb may be linked to specific physiological needs related to the high-altitude habitats of these two animals.

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33

Schnyder, Jasmin, Rolf Ehrbar, Friedrich Reimoser, and Klaus Robin. "Huftierbestände und Verbissintensitäten nach der Luchswiederansiedlung im Kanton St. Gallen." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 167, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2016.0013.

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Ungulate populations and browsing intensities following the reintroduction of lynx in the canton of St. Gallen In the context of the project “Lynx resettlement north-east Switzerland” (LUNO), the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx L.) was reintroduced in the canton of St. Gallen from 2001. As a consequence of reduced roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) and Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) population sizes, one goal was the reduction of browsing intensities in young forest stands. This study investigates interactions between the levels of this trophic cascade by means of data on lynx distribution, roe deer and chamois populations (hunting statistics and population estimations) as well as browsing intensities. The results have shown significantly reduced roe deer and chamois population sizes in the years after lynx reintroduction. The effect of lynx could have worked cumulatively with factors like hunting, weather conditions and diseases (chamois). Within the chamois population, the lynx probably affected primarily the forest chamois, although before and after the lynx presence other causal reasons have been responsible for population decreases. Furthermore, there was noted a significantly positive relationship between hunting statistics (as an indicator of local ungulate population sizes) and browsing intensities, although the size of local ungulate populations was one influencing factor among many more. The browsing intensity of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was significantly reduced after lynx reintroduction in the core area of lynx distribution. All results have shown significant correlations and suggest an indirect influence of lynx on browsing intensities of silver fir. However, causal connections should be analysed in further studies.

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34

Diaz, Maria-Elena D. "The Geopolitical Context of Chamorro Cultural Preservation in Guam, U.S.A." Ethnic Studies Review 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2012.35.1.101.

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An unincorporated Pacific Island territory of the United States, Guam has been under American rule since 1 898. While proudly “Chamorro,” the descendants of indigenous islanders have been American citizens since 1 950. U.S. foreign policy, Americanization of island institutions, immigration flows from Asia and Micronesia, and economic uncertainty present challenges to the perpetuation of Chamorro culture-a syncretic blend of indigenous, Spanish, and American influences that has endured through centuries of foreign domination. As a gateway from the East to the United States and a frequent destination for Micronesian immigrants from the Compacts of Free Association, Guam regularly receives immigrants from Asia and other Micronesian islands. Many immigrants arrive on Guam to fill labor shortages as professionals or construction workers, while others arrive with limited resources and skills that don't easily transfer across cultures. Adding to this mix, a major U.S. military build-up is underway to transform Guam into a forward base in the Pacific. This article provides a case study of Guam through an overview of historical influences on Chamorro culture, a description of the island's contemporary multicultural society, and a discussion of current geopolitical and social forces impacting Chamorro culture in the land “where America's day begins.”

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35

Stolz, Thomas. "The naked truth about the Chamorro dual." Studies in Language 43, no. 3 (November 18, 2019): 533–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.17063.sto.

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Abstract It is argued that the traditional belief that the formal expression of the dual in Chamorro is restricted to intransitivity / low transitivity is inadequate since it precludes the possibility of accounting constructions in which the dual is also expressed in combination with transitive verbs. In the empirical part of the study, evidence of the recurrent violations of the intransitivity-based restrictions is discussed. It is shown that the dual is not excluded from transitive predicates. The dual is also firmly established in the realm of transitivity albeit only in the third person. In addition, the dual also exists in areas of Chamorro grammar for which it has hitherto been ignored. The hypothesis is put forward that the dual in the domain of transitivity is a diachronic innovation. The Chamorro facts are compared to those of Numic languages in North America.

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36

Payne, Thomas E., and Anne Cooreman. "Transitivity and Discourse Continuity in Chamorro Narratives." Language 66, no. 3 (September 1990): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414639.

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37

Steele, Susan, and Sandra Chung. "The Design of Agreement: Evidence from Chamorro." Language 76, no. 2 (June 2000): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/417673.

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Kaplan, Aaron. "Harmonic Improvement without Candidate Chains in Chamorro." Linguistic Inquiry 42, no. 4 (October 2011): 631–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00063.

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This article argues that some ostensible advantages of Optimality Theory with Candidate Chains (OT-CC) over classic OT are actually liabilities. OT-CC correctly predicts that Chamorro umlaut occurs only when trigger and target are adjacent. But OT-CC is incompatible with similar phenomena like Central Venetan metaphony, and attempts to modify OT-CC to produce metaphony impair the theory's handling of umlaut. Classic OT provides a superior approach: constraints grounded in prominence asymmetries produce the umlaut facts, and there is no conflict with analyses of metaphony. This result suggests that despite OT-CC's advancements in treatments of opacity, the theory's machinery remains inadequate in important ways.

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Barron, Julia. "The design of agreement: evidence from Chamorro." Lingua 112, no. 3 (March 2002): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-3841(01)00037-7.

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Shell, Richard. "EARLY ACCOUNTS OF THE CHAMORRO FLYING PROA." Mariner's Mirror 73, no. 1 (January 1987): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.1987.10656120.

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41

Bennett, Jesi Lujan. "Guam Museum/Guam and Chamorro Education Facility." Contemporary Pacific 29, no. 1 (2017): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2017.0016.

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NGUYEN, VICTORIA, GEORGIA ROBINS SADLER, MANLI SHI, ELIZABETH A. GILPIN, LEE ANN CRUZ, LILLIAN A. BLAS, TARA LYN A. BLAS, RACHEL MAE C. ACFALLE, and BEVERLY ANN C. ACFALLE. "Cancer Risk Factor Assessment among Chamorro Women." Journal of Cancer Education 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15430154jce1802_13.

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43

Underwood, Robert A. "Excursions into Inauthenticity: The Chamorros of Guam." Pacific Viewpoint 26, no. 1 (April 1985): 160–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apv.261009.

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Chung, Sandra. "Restructuring and verb-initial order in chamorro." Syntax 7, no. 3 (December 2004): 199–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-0005.2004.00070.x.

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Chung, Sandra. "Functional heads and proper government in Chamorro." Lingua 85, no. 2-3 (November 1991): 85–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(91)90019-2.

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Chaves Chamorro, Margarita. "Reflexiones sobre un trabajo de campo en Marruecos de Paul Rabinow." Revista Colombiana de Antropología 36 (January 1, 2000): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22380/2539472x.1305.

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Štefančíková, A. "Lung nematodes of chamois in the Low Tatra National Park, Slovakia." Journal of Helminthology 68, no. 4 (December 1994): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00001620.

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AbstractChamois (Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica) in the Low Tatra National Park are largely infected with the lungworms Mullerius capillaris and M. tenuispiculatus and sporadically with Dictyocaulus viviparus. The mean number of first stage larvae (Ll) per gram of faeces collected at chamois stands over the years 1981–1988 varied between 28.2 ( ± 11.9) and 61.6 ( ± 35.9). The degree of infection in chamois herds was significantly higher in the spring and autumn months, except for the spring of 1981, than in the summer season. The mean number of Ll per gram found in the dissected chamois (lung and intestinal content) varied between 64.53 ( ± 32.7) and 97.5 ( ± 36.4).

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Bögel, R., and G. Härer. "Reactions of chamois to human disturbance in Berchtesgaden National Park." Pirineos 157 (December 30, 2002): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/pirineos.2002.v157.62.

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Herrero, J., I. Garín, A. García-Serrano, R. García-González, and A. Aldezábal. "Grouping patterns in a forest dwelling population of Pyrenean chamois." Pirineos 157 (December 30, 2002): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/pirineos.2002.v157.64.

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Marco, Ignasi, Rosa Rosell, Oscar Cabezón, Gregorio Mentaberre, Encarna Casas, Roser Velarde, and Santiago Lavín. "Border Disease Virus among Chamois, Spain." Emerging Infectious Diseases 15, no. 3 (March 2009): 448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1503.081155.

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