Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Champ électrique. champ magnétique'
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Chaibi, Walid. "Microscopie de photodétachement : rôle du gradient de champ électrique et effet du champ magnétique." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112325.
Full textThis thesis aims at identifying and determining the physical phenomena which could reduce the accuracy of the electron affinity measurements provided by the photodetachment microscope. The first point deals with the effect of the gradient of the electric field within the interaction zone. It is shown that this effect explains the dispersion of the measurements. We have applied some statistical methods to data taken while following a new acquisition method. Hence, we were able to recommend a new value of the electronic affinity of sulfur with a 2. 4 10-7 accuracy, which becomes the most accurately known electron affinity. With similar purposes, a two-colour laser technique has been developed for photodetachment microscopy. It is shown that the superposition of the two resulting interference patterns can be used as a “spectral vernier” to determine the electron affinity with no a priori knowledge of the applied electric field. We also studied the effect of a residual magnetic field on the interference phase. Using the semi classical theory, some perturbative calculations are realised and show that the interference phase remains unchanged in our experimental conditions. In order to check the reliability of our calculations, we installed magnetic coils capable of creating a magnetic field in all direction of space. No effect on the phase interference was observed. Finally, a preliminary study of photodetachment microscopy with a p wave is described. Using a new sputtering ion source, we obtained classical images, which enable us to measure the electron affinity of gold
Azzouz, Yacine. "Nouvelle méthode de caractérisation des tôles magnétiques en champ tournant." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30089.
Full textMimouni, Zineb. "Étude de suspensions colloïdales soumises à l'action d'un champ électrique ou magnétique." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4432.
Full textPinaud, Olivier. "Caractérisation, modélisation et identification de sources de champ magnétique dans un véhicule électrique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT070/document.
Full textElectric vehicles have a lot of electrical devices onboard. All of them may generate electromagnetic field inside the car: a quite small space containing the passengers. A complete modeling of the vehicle can hardly be done because of the parameters number. The magnetic field measurement everywhere inside the car is also impossible. We first measure the magnetic field inside the car to study its characteristics. Then we propose to merge together a priori modeling with measurements into a Bayesian approach of the inverse problem. Based on spherical harmonic decomposition of the magnetic field, a priori information helps the resolution and gives the identified parameters with a very few measurements
Woelfflé, Angélique. "Étude et modélisation du transport de plasma dans la magnétosphère interne." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ESAE0013.
Full textMetayer, Cyrille. "Etude de la structuration de suspensions colloïdales sous l'effet d'un champ électrique ou magnétique." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE4106.
Full textWe studied the structure obtained by application of an electric or a magnetic field on suspensions constituted of submicronic particles. This reversible aggregation results from the polarization of the particles and thus depends on contrast of the permittivity or permeability between the suspending liquid and the particles. The formed structure will depend on the value of l, the ratio between dipolar and thermal energies. If l is higher than one, the dipolar force dominates, the particles form fibrils parallel to the field. This change of structure results in an evolution of the angular distribution of the light scattered by the suspension. By means of these characteristics, it is possible to determine the distribution of sizes of the chains and the distance between particles inside chains simultaneously. By introducing a repulsive force, estimated from the evolution of the distance versus the electric field, we obtain a good agreement between the theoretical and experimental sizes at high frequency. On the other hand at low frequency, they differ from several orders of magnitude. The structures formation kinetic is experimentally slower than that predicted b theory. The other part of this thesis concerns the study of phase separation of a magnetorheological suspension (transition from chains to columns). The theoretical model where the distance between the particles is an adjustable parameter allows to predict accurately the critical values of the concentration and of the parameter l. However the shapes of the experimental and theoretical phase diagrams are rather different
Kern, Michel. "Étude mathématiques et numérique de modèles de propagation du champ électrique en milieu consucteur tridimensionnel." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090012.
Full textMougin, Alexandra. "Anisotropie magnétique, structure en domaines et renversement d'aimantation : déformations, couplages, champ magnétique et courant électrique comme leviers d'action." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00638870.
Full textSchott, Marine. "Propriétés magnétiques du système Pt/Co/AlOx et ses variations sous champ électrique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY032/document.
Full textA current challenge in the field of spintronics is the development of functional nanospintronics systems, in which the dimensions of the device are confined to the nanometer scale. The model system is called a single nano-magnet. New possible routes to control its magnetisation could be useful for many applications, in particular, those in the area of information technology. During this PhD, we chose to study the particular effects that are linked to the electric charge accumulation in the nano-magnet. This effect, also known as the electric field effect, were studied on the different magnetic properties of our films. They were probed by magneto-transport and magnetooptical measurements. These measurements were conducted on asymmetric Pt/Co/AlOx trilayers. These structures were sputter-deposited on a wedge shape for the alumina. This leadingto a nanometric control of the oxidation degree of the interface. Then, a wide range of magnetic parameters is available on a unique sample. Systematic caracterization of these structures showed an interesting zone for magnetic properties (spontaneous striped domains, skyrmionic bubbles). The observation of this type of magnetic object is directly linked to the weak Curie temperature(Tc) of this zone (close to room temperature. Skyrmionic bubbles are subject to lots of international studies. They are potentially attractive for memories or logic devices development. The key result of this PhD was to show the strong dependence of magnetic skymionic bubbles with electric field application. The full electrical switch of these objects has been achieved, due to the strong electrical control of the different magnetic properties. To induce electric-field assisted magnetisation reversal/skyrmionic bubbles nucleation, studies were performed for an adapted range of temperatures and anisotropies (room temperature)
Cormier, Mathieu. "Renversement d'aimantation dans des nanostructures par propagation de parois de domaines sous champ magnétique et courant électrique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00361478.
Full textNous avons également construit un magnétomètre Kerr polaire à haute résolution, utilisant un faisceau laser hautement focalisé, dont la résolution, la stabilité et la sensibilité exceptionnelles sont bien adaptées à l'étude de nanostructures magnétiques ultraminces à anisotropie perpendiculaire, et ce jusqu'à des dimensions largement sub-microniques.
Enfin, nous avons étudié le renversement de l'aimantation sous champ magnétique dans un empilement de type jonction tunnel magnétique à anisotropie planaire, destiné au développement industriel de mémoires magnétiques à accès aléatoires. L'effet d'un recuit à haute température sur les propriétés magnétiques de cet empilement a été testé. En outre, dans la couche magnétique douce de la jonction tunnel, soumise à un couplage magnétique dipolaire à travers la barrière tunnel, nous avons mis en évidence une asymétrie des processus de nucléation de domaines et de propagation de parois en fonction du sens de balayage du champ, que nous avons associée à de légères inhomogénéités du champ de couplage dipolaire.
Hrabec, Ales. "Etude de la dynamique de l'aimantation dans des nanostructures magnétiques à aimantation perpendiculaire : effet du champ magnétique et du courant électrique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767418.
Full textBoudot, Cécile. "Transitions de phase sous champ électrique dans la thiourée." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10087.
Full textEssaoudi, Ismail. "Action d'un champ magnétique et d'un champ électrique sur un exciton lié à une impureté de type donneur ionisé dans un puits quantique de semi-conducteur." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Essaoudi.Ismail.SMZ0021.pdf.
Full textAouine, Ouafae. "Corrélation entre le fonctionnement électrique et le rayonnement magnétique en champ proche d'un variateur de vitesse électronique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505335.
Full textAouine, Ouafae. "Corrélation entre le fonctionnement électrique et le rayonnement magnétique en champ proche d’un variateur de vitesse électronique." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505335/fr/.
Full textThe static converters constitute a powerful means of energy transformation. Nevertheless, they generate important electromagnetic disturbances during switching. In this manuscript, we study the correlation between electric working and near magnetic radiation of electric converter. For this, we achieved a new near filed test bench. The first use of the new bench was made on an academic system like a Buck converter. This study constituted a good means for the bench validation, the comparative results are satisfactory. The second application was more industrial. It enabled us to identify the main sources. Simplifying assumptions enabled us to establish first order models valid until the medium frequency. These models enable us to predict the electromagnetic performances of the main sources before design phase
Rochepault, Etienne. "Etude de dipôles supraconducteurs en Nb3Sn à haut champ : isolation électrique à base de céramique et conception magnétique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747838.
Full textRochepault, Etienne. "Étude de dipôles supraconducteurs en Nb3Sn à haut champ : isolation électrique à base de céramique et conception magnétique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112210/document.
Full textIn the framework of LHC upgrades, significant efforts are provided to design accelerator magnets using the superconducting alloy Nb3Sn, which allows to reach higher magnetic fields (>12T). The aim of this thesis is to propose new computation and manufacturing methods for high field Nb3Sn dipoles. A ceramic insulation, previously designed at CEA Saclay, has been tested for the first time on cables, in an accelerator magnet environment. Critical current measures, under magnetic field and mechanical stress, have been carried out in particular. With this test campaign, the current ceramic insulation has been shown to be too weak mechanically and the critical current properties are degraded. Then a study has been conducted, with the objective to improve the mechanical strength of the insulation and better distribute the stress inside the cable. Methods of magnetic design have also been proposed, in order to optimize the coils shape, while fulfilling constraints of field homogeneity, operational margins, forces minimization… Consequently, several optimization codes have been set up. They are based on new methods using analytical formulas. A 2D code has first been written for block designs. Then two 3D codes have been realized for the optimization of dipole ends. The former consists in modeling the coil with elementary blocs and the latter is based on a modeling of the superconducting cables with ribbons. These optimization codes allowed to propose magnetic designs for high field accelerator magnets
Trier, Elisée. "Champ électrique radial dans les plasmas de tokamak non axi-symétrique: étude par réflectométrie Doppler." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00568184.
Full textANDRIAMIFIDY, JEAN-LUC. "Contribution a l'etude de l'influence de l'heterogeneite du champ magnetique sur les pertes dans les toles fesi." Paris, CNAM, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CNAM0210.
Full textLuong, Huu Tuan. "Amélioration de la formulation en potentiel scalaire magnétique et généralisation au couplage entre équations de champ et de circuit électrique." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0111.
Full textThe computation of magnetic field distribution is based on the magnetic scalar potential formulation in a nodal finite element context. An improvement of the formulation has been identified by taking into account the high permeability of the materials and of the connexity problem. The scalar potential formulation has been generalized for introduction of the coupling between field and electric circuit equations. A preliminary computation of an electric vector potential allows to take into account aIl coil types, filament or massive. The simultaneous resolution of field and circuit equations implemented permits the treatment of current or voltage driven problems and supply circuit with electronic component problems. This work has been validated on many industrial applications. In the course of these studies, we have developed a method of robust management for complex limited boundaries and a high level dedicated language to automate the implementation of our process
Ferraris-Bouchez, Laura. "Mesure du moment dipolaire électrique du neutron : correction de l'effet systématique du champ fantôme." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALY018.
Full textThe search for a permanent electric dipole moment for simple systems such as the neutron is one of the most promising leads to discover CP violation beyond the Standard Model of particle physics.The discovery of such CP violation sources and the identification of new models beyond the Standard Model could lead to an explanation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe.Therefore, there are several experiments aiming to measure a non-zero EDM for various systems (neutron, electron, atoms...).The Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) nEDM experiment is one of them.The nEDM collaboration has collected data during two years (2015 and 2016) and published the most recent limit for the neutron EDM in April 2020.Precision measurements such as that experiment require an optimal control of the systematic effects.In this thesis, we present how to control the effects of the magnetic field inhomogeneities, which arise from the use of a mercury co-magnetometer in the PSI nEDM experiment.The co-magnetometer allows us to monitor the stability of the magnetic field and is essential to optimize the statistical sensibility.In order to correct the systematic effects of the magnetic field inhomogeneities, we perform an offline characterization of the field : the mapping.We present in this thesis the mapping measurement method, its analysis and the resulting corrections of the main systematic effect of the neutron EDM measurement.Once those corrections are taken into account, the last step of the analysis of nEDM data can be achieved, in order to extract the neutron EDM value which was published by the collaboration.The application of that step and its results are also presented in this thesis
Srivastava, Titiksha. "Ingénierie et contrôle dynamique des propriétés interfaciales dans les films ultra-minces pour ajuster les textures de spin magnétique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY001/document.
Full textControl of interfacial magnetism has emerged to be of paramount importance for spintronics applications specially involving chiral magnetic structures called skyrmions. Skyrmions are envisaged to be the future information carriers owing to their solitonic properties. In heavy metal/ ferromagnet/ insulator heterostructures, skyrmions are stabilized by interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction which is an antisymmetric exchange and competes with other interactions like symmetric exchange and magnetic anisotropy. In order to tune skyrmions, the interfacial magnetic properties need to be modulated. One of the energy efficient tools to maneuver interfacial magnetism is electric field effect. Voltage gating has been shown, in a number of studies since 2009, to locally and dynamically tune magnetic properties like interface anisotropy and saturation magnetization. However, its effect on interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI), which is crucial for the stability of magnetic skyrmions, has been challenging to achieve and has not been reported yet for ultrathin films.This thesis demonstrates an optimization of trilayer systems consisting of a heavy metal/ ferromagnet/ oxide where skyrmions can be stabilized. In particular, I focussed on the Ta/FeCoB/TaOx system to nucleate skyrmions in the presence of very small out of plane magnetic field. Further, the different skyrmionic zones as a function of the FeCoB thickness and TaOx oxidation state are studied. We then show electric field induced modulation of interfacial DMI which forms the most important result of this thesis. We demonstrate 130% variation of DMI with electric field in Ta/FeCoB/TaOx trilayers through Brillouin Light Spectroscopy (BLS). Using polar Magneto-Optical-Kerr-Effect microscopy, we further show a monotonic variation of DMI and skyrmionic bubble size with electric field, with an unprecedented efficiency. Since the electric field acts mainly on the FeCoB/TaOx interface, this study also points at the existence of the Rashba DMI explaining its high sensitivity to an applied voltage. We anticipate through our observations that a sign reversal of DMI with electric field is possible, leading to a chirality switch. This dynamic manipulation of DMI establishes an additional degree of control to engineer programmable skyrmion based memory, logic or neuromorphic devices
Chin, Kyo-Joon. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique et caractérisation d'un couple de matériaux ferromagnétiques acier / acier dans un contact électrique glissant soumis à un champ magnétique." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2259.
Full textThis thesis concerns the study of thermo-mechanical behavior and characterization of a ferromagnetic material couple in sliding contact subjected to a magnetic field H (A. C. ) and crossed by a electrical current I (D. C. ). The tests were carried out on a pin-on-disc (XC48 Steel / XC48 steel) tribometer in dry friction condition, according to H and I intensity under various normal loads. The presence of the magnetic field around the tribocontact leads to a stabilization of friction and a significant reduction of the wear rate. The tribological modifications result from the modification of the contact nature by the magnetic field. We analyzed the influence of four principal parameters: oxidation of contact surfaces by H and I, role of the third body in interface, surface and subsurface modifications of materials and distribution of the contact stress. Oxidation of surfaces due to the presence of magnetic field is the decisive parameter in these results. There are many factors to take into account in the comprehension of this phenomenon : activation of the physico-chemical reactivity on contact surfaces of the magnetized ferromagnetic steel, temperature increase of the metal by Eddy currents, etc. The oxide film and the fine wear particles created in this way reduce the shearing force in the contact, facilitating the sliding. They play a protective role in the dry contact and change the wear from severe mode to mild mode. The characterization of worn material highlights the contact surface hardening and the crystalline texture modification of the material under the effect of magnetic field and the surface embrittlement causing a cracking in subsurface. The numerical modeling of the stress field shows a tensile stress concentration in the rear of contact zone in sliding direction, which corresponds to the cracking and the rupture of the oxide film observed
Dubois, Tristan. "Étude de l'effet d'ondes électromagnétiques sur le fonctionnement de circuits électroniques – Mise en place d'une méthode de test des systèmes." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440285.
Full textIdoughi, Mohand Laïd. "Extraction de modèles thermiques simplifiés des machines électriques à partir d’un calcul du champ de températures." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112291/document.
Full textThe temperature rise is one of the main parameters limiting the power of electrical machine. In fact in the stator windings the temperature rise decreases the performances of its insulation system and it can reduce the life time of the motors and it may even lead to the motor failure. Appropriate models of the windings are necessary to find the hot spot of the machine. The work proposed in this thesis focuses on the extraction of simplified thermal models in order to evaluate the temperature distribution. An approach based on a numerical method (Finite Integration Technique) has been developed allowing the identification of the thermal model parameters. As a first step the homogenization of the winding is necessary to obtain the thermal model of the stator slot which has a complex heterogeneous structure requiring careful modeling. The objective is then to replace the conductors and the resin by one homogenous material that reproduces a similar thermal behavior. Several homogenization techniques are used to determine the effective thermal conductivity of the composite material. We are also interested to study different configurations or distributions of the conductors in the slot to limit heat dissipation in the windings of electrical machines. The second part of this thesis presents a method, based on the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) for the discretization that gives us an equivalent thermal model allowing the evaluation of transient temperature evolutions in the slot with low calculation cost
Bui, Viet Phuong. "Diagnostic des machines électriques par l'analyse du champ magnétique de fuite : application à l'identification de défauts rotoriques d'un alternateur à vide." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00187238.
Full textPham, Thi Thu Hong. "Analyse et interprétation de la variation régulière du champ magnétique terrestre au Vietnam et modélisation de l'ionosphère." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834192.
Full textYang, May tia. "Etude des performances en bruit de capteurs magneto(élasto)électriques en mode non-linéaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC266/document.
Full textThe MagnetoElectric effect traduces the polarization of a dielectric element and the magnetization of a dielectric under respectively a magnetic field and an electric field. This property allows the development of Magneto(Elasto)Electric sensors for measuring a magnetic or an electric field. Several analyses regarding the material coupling (shape, size, dimensions…) have been made in order to increase the performances in terms of sensibility and in terms of noise of these sensors. The best noise levels (in term of spectral density) measured for these types of sensors are respectively 5 pT/sqrt(Hz), 0.2 pT/sqrt(Hz) and around 50 fT/sqrt(Hz) at 1 Hz, at white noise zone and at resonant frequency.Some laboratories, including the GREYC, are interested more specifically on the studies of the ultimate performances of magnetic sensor by optimizing the conditioning electronics and by using their nonlinear properties. This thesis lies in this framework. It had for objective, to study the performances of the Magneto(Elasto)Electric sensor in nonlinear mode and at low frequencies. For these, some original conditioning structures have been developed in terms of polarization, excitation and servo system. The theoretical study of these performances show the sensor intrinsic noise can reach lower than pT/sqrt(Hz) at 1 Hz for the studied sensor if the obtained performances are not limited by the conditioning electronics and their sensitivity. This study has been the object of this thesis work
Bodart, Philippe. "Etudes des anisotropies de déplacement chimique et de gradient de champ électrique par R. M. N. Des noyaux quadripolaires : application à la caractérisation de composés de vanadium et de rubidium." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10047.
Full textBalestrière, Pierrick. "Dynamique de l'aimantation assistée par un champ électrique dans des dispositifs à base de (Ga,Mn)As." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00568896.
Full textBachère, Laurence. "Propriétés électroniques de conducteurs organiques : - les sels (DMtTSF)2 X AVEC X = PF6, AsF6, BF4, ClO4, ReO4 - le supraconducteur TTF [Ni(dmit)2] 2, étude par transport électrique sous champ magnétique intense." Toulouse, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAT0022.
Full textThalin, Pascal. "Réduction des perturbations en courants harmoniques et en champ magnétique créées par les installations de chauffage à induction." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT034H.
Full textCury, Luiz Alberto. "Propriétés électroniques de structures semiconductrices III-V à effet tunnel résonnant sous pression hydrostatique et sous fort champ magnétique." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0004.
Full textChung, Salomon. "Effet d'un champ électrique sur la structure et la dynamique de suspensions colloïdales confinées : étude numérique par simulation." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1059/document.
Full textThe work presented in this dissertation is in the framework of the theoretical study ofcolloidal dispersions, i.e. suspensions of particles whose size varies from nanometers tomicrometers. In such a medium, the interactions between particles can be tuned through their surfacecomposition for instance. One may also modify the environment of the colloids:a specific solvent can be combined with confinement of the mixture andan external can field applied on it in order to tune its thermodynamic properties.Once a model of a physical system is defined, computer simulation can be used to explorea range of parameters to check if the sought phenomenon occurs, before carrying outany real experiment. This work focuses on this preliminary step: our model consists ofa mixture of dipolar and apolar hard spheres in a confined medium and subjected to anelectric field (or a magnetic one for ferrocolloids).In a first step, we use Monte Carlo simulation to study equilibrium states ofa binary mixture confined between distant walls,with symmetric composition of the two species having non additive interactions.By comparing the results of different densities and field directions,we recover some properties already observed for similar systems.In the reference state where the field is turned off, the mixture at low density is stableand we notice that the dipoles stay away from the walls.A denser mixture separates into two phases and in the dipoles rich one,the dipolar particles now wet the walls.When the mixture is subjected to a field perpendicular to the walls,it remains stable in spite of its high density and non additivity between unlike particles.Increasing the field induces a structuring of the dipolar component near the wallsand we observe column shaped clusters of dipoles along the direction of the field.Finally, the application of a field parallel to the walls separates the mixture,even at the lowest density we chose. Dipoles stay away from the walls and we observeentangled dipoles chains.In a second step we explore the dynamics of a mixture with asymmetric composition andsubjected to a field. We combine Monte Carlo and molecular dynamic (Langevin) simulationsin this study. The mixture is confined in a box with a bottleneck channel in order tosimulate an open pore exchanging particles with a reservoir through an explicit interface.The field which is perpendicular to the walls is applied in the bottleneck regionto attract dipoles there.We first consider a low density mixture such that the filling / emptying cycleof the pore is reversible.The intensity of the field is then increased to speed up the cycles.As expected, the dipoles fill the pore faster then. However their composition saturatesunder the maximum value found for a lower field.A series of cycles was performed with increasing Langevin damping coefficients but stilllow enough to reduced the computation time.We then notice that the filling or emptying duration is a linear function ofthe damping coefficient. The duration of a cycle for colloids is then obtained fromextrapolation.Combining non additivity and high enough density, we are able to make an irreversible cycle:depending on the application sought for, this irreversibility can be useful ormust be avoided.This chapter ends with the assessment of the duration of a cycle with respect tothe size of colloids. We use an interaction model between colloidal particles wherea colloid is uniformly made of repulsive centers following a power law.With some scaling law hypotheses, the duration of a filling or an emptying is estimated forsmall colloids down to nearly molecular dimensions
Le, Boeuf David. "Reconstruction de la surface de Fermi dans l'état normal d'un supraconducteur à haute T[indice inférieur c] une étude du transport électrique en champ magnétique intense." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5120.
Full textLanglois, Yilin. "Modélisation de l’arc électrique dans un disjoncteur à vide." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL062N/document.
Full textA model of a diffuse arc in a vacuum circuit breaker with an axial magnetic field (AMF) has been developed with the ultimate aim to better understand the transition of the arc from a diffuse mode to a more confined mode. The interelectrode plasma is simulated from the exit of the mixing region on the cathode side to the entrance of the anode sheath. The two-dimensional model is based on the solution of a system of two-fluid (ions and electrons) hydrodynamic equations, including in particular the energy balance equations relative to both the ions and the electrons, which are treated as non-magnetized particles. It is demonstrated that ionisation and recombination processes, as well as viscous effects, can be neglected. Radiation losses are not taken into account in a first approximation. In addition to the forces due to the AMF, the model considers the forces created by the three components of the magnetic field induced by the arc current. The possibility of both supersonic (at low current density) and subsonic (at high current density) ionic flow regimes is considered. On the cathode side, the boundary conditions are specified using results from the literature. On the anode side, they are based on a simplified description of the anode sheath. The simulation results presented show a constriction of the current lines, emphasize the differences in the behaviour of the ions at low and high current densities, and provide some insight on the influence of various operating parameters (arc current, gap length). The present work comprises also an experimental study, based on high-speed camera visualisations of the arc and measurements of the temperature at the anode surface
Idoughi, Mohand Laïd. "Extraction de modèles thermiques simplifiés des machines électriques à partir d'un calcul du champ de températures." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664666.
Full textMohamudally, Nawaz. "Etude des fuites électromagnétiques introduites sur le raccordement des câbles blindés et du couplage produit par une composante de champ magnétique perpendiculaire à la section des câbles coaxiaux." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-93.pdf.
Full textMarty, Karol. "Etude des Langasites magnétiques:De la frustration magnétique au multiferroïsme." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00351575.
Full textDufour-Beauséjour, Sophie. "Effet de la pression sur la renconstruction de la surface de Fermi du cuprate supraconducteur La[indice inférieur 1.6-x]Nd[indice inférieur 0.4]Sr[indice inférieur x]CuO[indice inférieur 4]." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6718.
Full textPierre, Thiéry. "Intéraction non-linéaire de deux ondes électromagnétiques dans un plasma en champ magnétique : étude expérimentale de l'excitation des modes électroniques." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10408.
Full textVaudolon, Julien. "Electric field determination and magnetic topology optimization in Hall thrusters." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2026/document.
Full textElectric propulsion is facing new challenges. Recently, the launch of "all-electric" satellites has marked the debut of a new era. Going all-electric now appears as an interesting alternative to conventional systems for telecom operators. A laser spectroscopy technique was used during this research to investigate the ion velocity distribution dynamics. The different methods for determining the electric field in Hall thrusters were exposed. Two unstable ion regimes were identified and examined. Measurement uncertainties using electrostatic probes were assessed. Planar probed have been designed and tested. A thorough investigation of the influence of the magnetic field parameters on the performance of Hall thrusters was performed. The wall-less Hall thruster design was presented, and preliminary experiments have revealed its interest for the electric propulsion community
Moulin, Renaud. "Dimensionnements et essais de moteurs supraconducteurs." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10051/document.
Full textAn important part of electrical machines research activities focus on superconducting motors. In fact, an important magnetic field and high current are possible with these materials, used at low temperature, generally 4 to 77K. These two parameters allow an interesting motor development, with higher electrical power and a minimal overcrowding. In front of high magnetic flux and high current superconducting caracteristics and bulk screening effect, we suggest several superconducting motors development. We developed and realized a 250kW synchronous superconducting motor, with a rotating superconducting inductor. Then, using 3D finite element software, we introduce an original superconducting inductor topology, nammed "pan coupé". Besides, we show new test and development of the magnetic flux concentration motor constructed 4 years ago
Ceban, Andrian. "Méthode globale de diagnostic des machines électriques." Thesis, Artois, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ARTO0202/document.
Full textThe work described in this thesis proposes new procedures to diagnose faults in AC machines. The diagnostic procedures described are reliable, original, inexpensive and simple to implement. They have the advantage of being noninvasive and just get rid from the main drawback presented by other diagnostic methods based on a comparison with a healthy state assumed to be known. The analysis focuses on the magnetic field dispersion in the vicinity of the machine, especially its radial an axial distribution which presents different sensitivity according to various faults. To this end, the phenomena due to inter-turn short-circuit faults in the stator winding, rotor eccentricity and broken rotor bars, are studied in the case of an induction machine and a synchronous machine. For each fault, specific signatures are identified and justified by analytical modeling and numerical method of analysis including coupled electric circuit and finite element methods. Defects have been created in the rotor and stator on different machines in order to validate experimentally the suggested diagnostic procedures
Mesmin, Fanny. "Matériaux magnétiques et solutions innovantes de filtrage CEM pour applications aéronautiques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00759383.
Full textThomas, Carré Claudine. "États de Rydberg atomiques en champs magnétique et électrique parallèles : spectroscopie à haute résolution sur jet atomique de lithium : mise en évidence expérimentale et analyse théorique de la structure Stark du multiplet diamagnétique hydrogénoïde." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112007.
Full textTchoumakov, Sergueï. "Signatures relativistes en spectroscopie de matériaux topologiques : en volume et en surface." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS258/document.
Full textDuring my PhD studies I focused on the relativistic properties of threedimensional topological materials, namely Weyl semimetals and topological insulators. After introducing surface states and topological materials I discuss their covariance in trigonometric and hyperbolic rotations. These transformations help to solve the equations of motion of an electron in a magnetic field or at the surface with an applied electric field or with a tilt in the band dispersion. In a first place, I illustrate these transformations for the magneto-optical response of tilted Weyl semimetals. This work is related to my collaboration with experimentalists at LNCMI, Grenoble for characterizing the band structure of Cd₃As₂ where we show that this material is a Kane semi-metal instead of a Dirac semi-metal in the experimentally accessible range of chemical doping. The other part of this thesis is concerned with the surface states of topological insulators. I show that massive surface states can also exist in addition to the chiral surface state due to band inversion. Such states may have already been observed in ARPES measurement of oxidized Bi₂Se₃ and Bi₂Te₃ and in transport measurement of strained bulk HgTe. I show the work we performed with experimentalists at LPA, Paris on the behavior of HgTe surface states for strong field effects. Finally, I discuss the states at the interface of a Weyl semimetal and a small gap insulator. In this situation, an applied magnetic field or the tilt of the band dispersion can strongly affect the observed surface states
Lebeugle, Delphine. "Etude de la coexistence du magnétisme et de la ferroélectricité dans les composés multiferroïques BiFeO3 et Bi0.45Dy0.55FeO3." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00239463.
Full textLandron, Sylvain. "Etude ab initio de la structure électronique des oxydes de cobalt NaxCoO2." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/273/.
Full text(The NaxCoO2 Cobalt oxides are compounds with many interesting properties. In this work we were particularly interested in two compounds of the family: firstly, the Na0. 3CoO2-1. 3H2O which presents a superconducting phase, secondly the x=0. 5 system which presents an insulator to metal phase transition at 52 K and a rich phase diagram as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Using ab initio calculations molecular spectroscopy methods applied on fragments embedded in an appropriate bath, we presented the determination of simple models as well as the evaluation of the effective interactions for these two interesting compounds. We also studied the cobalt 3d-shell splitting under the trigonal distortion observed in these compounds. This analysis led to reasons for which some results, like the ones issued of ligands field theory and some issued of density functional calculations, yield an orbital splitting in disagreement with experimental results
Fedida, Vincent. "Etude des défauts des machines électriques tournantes par analyse du champ magnétique de fuite : Application au diagnostic de machines de faibles puissances dans un contexte de production en grande série." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT023.
Full textDiagnostic and identification of defaults providing in electrical machines (mainly single phased asynchrone motors) by stray flux measurement