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Academic literature on the topic 'Champ électrique intense'
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Journal articles on the topic "Champ électrique intense"
Comparat, V., B. Diourté, and AY Maïga. "Étude de la formation et de la dynamique des bulles dans l\'azote liquide générées par des implusions de courant en champ électrique très intense." Journal des Sciences Pour l'Ingénieur 5, no. 1 (July 14, 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jspi.v5i1.30014.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Champ électrique intense"
Brouche, Marwan. "Conduction électrique dans les hydrocarbures aromatiques sous champ intense." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0081.
Full textKieffel, Yannick. "Comportement de la polyaniline sous champ électrique intense : effets du vieillissement." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10238.
Full textVenturi, Linda. "Etude des propriétés de photoluminescence de nano-matériaux sous champ électrique intense." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR118.
Full textIn this thesis, the Laser-assisted Atom Probe Tomography is coupled in-situ with a photoluminescence (PL) bench, where the pulsed laser radiation is used to trigger the ion evaporation from the specimens and, simultaneously, to activate the emission from optically active centers present into the material. For this work, two different materials were selected: diamond nano-needles with embed- ded optically active defects (color centers) and a ZnO/(Mg,Zn)O multi-quantum-well (MQW) heterostructure, which contains quantum emitters of different thicknesses. Thanks to this original photoluminescence setup, the influence of the electric field on the fine structure of some color centers, embedded into the diamond nanoneedles, was observed. The first study focused on the neutral nitrogen-vacancy center (NV0), which is one among the most studied color centers in literature. The evolution of the NV0 optical signature, as a function of the applied bias, allowed to evaluate the mechanical stress (> 1 GPa) and the electric-field acting on diamond tips. These results demon- strate an original new method to perform contactless piezo-spectroscopy of nanoscale systems under uniaxial tensile stress, generated by the electric field. This method was applied also on another color center, which nature is still not clear in literature, emitting at 2.65 eV, and more sensitive than the NV0 color centers to the stress/strain field. New results on its opto-mechanical properties were obtained, but its identity still needs to be understood. Since the evaporation field of diamond is really high, the diamond nanoneedles were not analyzed using La-APT. Therefore the coupled in-situ technique was applied in order to study the ZnO/(Mg,Zn)O MQW heterostructure, accessing to the structure, composition and optical signature of the probed specimen in only one experiment. The photoluminescence spectra acquired by the specimen during its ongoing evaporation represents a unique source of information for the understanding of the mechanism of light-matter interaction and the physics of photoemission under high electric field. The correlation of the structural and optical information, related to this MQW heterostructure, demonstrates that the coupled in-situ technique can overlap the diffraction limit of the PL laser and that, as done for the diamond nanoneedles, is pos- sible to estimate the induced-tensile-stress. The results achieved by the in-situ coupling of the La-APT technique with the PL spec- troscopy show that such instrument is an innovative and powerful technique to perform research at the nanometric scale. For this reason, this work can open new perspectives for a deeply understanding of the physicics related to the studied systems in parallel with the continuous enhancement of the experimental setup
Bonifaci, Nelly. "Analyse spectrale de la lumière émise dans les diélectriques liquides sous champ électrique intense." Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0014.
Full textPellen, Marion. "Elaboration de ferroélectriques/ferroélastiques sous champ électrique intense : cas des pérovskites CaTiO3 et BaTiO3." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS489/document.
Full textIn this work, we investigate electric field effect (>3 kV.cm-1) on perovskite compound, CaTiO3 (ferroelastic) and BaTiO3 (ferroelectric). This electric field acts like an external force in selection, orientation and distribution of piezoelectric/ferroelastic domains. The electric field can act on nucleation, the partition coefficient of species and the possible modification phases diagrams of a material during its growth. Indeed ions within an electric field see their energy changing which implies a new thermodynamic equilibrium.In the first part, we discuss about crystal growth of CaTiO3 with different growth parameters (velocity of cristal growth vG, electric potential V). By varying this parameters, we can control crystal shape and can alter the crystalline orientation of domains. Same results are found with BaTiO3.In a second step, we used Mirror Electron Micrsocopy (MEM) and Low Energy Electron Microscopy (LEEM) to caracterize domains walls at the surface of calcium titanate. Polarity of domains walls have been prooved recently, and so we have investigated surface potential between samples grown under or without electric field
Jawichian, Alex. "Effet d'un champ électrique ac non uniforme non intense sur un liquide diélectrique différentiellement chauffé." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI068.
Full textIn this thesis, the concept of steady-state dielectrophoretic-induced convection in confined dielectric liquids, by means of non-uniform non-intense electric fields, is introduced and investigated. First, theoretical foundations of electrohydrodynamics are presented and a multiphysics coupling between fluids mechanics, heat transfers, and electrostatics is made evident. It is shown that a dielectrophoretic (DEP) torque arises at leading order provided that a non-uniform electric field is imposed. Thus, in microgravity conditions, the possibility of setting a dielectric liquid in motion, even with a modest electric field intensity, is shown to be finally conceivable in conductive regime as well as in boundary layer regime. In this work, steady ThermoElectroHydroDynamic (TEHD) convection is investigated for the case of a dielectric liquid confined in a differentially-heated square cavity, submitted to an electric potential gradient imposed from an electrode pair. Two electrode configurations, that generate the required non-uniform electric fields, are proposed: a partial planar electrode pair and a triangular electrode pair. Scaling analysis and a numerical study are developed in order to investigate dielectrophoretic-induced convective heat transfers. The scaling laws and the numerical results show that a significant enhancement of heat transfers is made possible from the use of a non-intense non-uniform electric field, with no need for giving rise to unstable regimes. An experimental approach is also considered, reintroducing gravity and buoyancy-driven convection. Silicon oil is confined in a cavity, formed in a Plexiglas block, and sealed by a pair of electrodes, one of them is connected to a high voltage AC amplifier while the other one is grounded. Both electrodes are kept at different but constant temperatures. By means of PIV imaging of fluorescent tracers, the velocity field in steady-state is measured and processed, and the effect of the imposed DEP torque on the whole flow is made evident. In comparison with numerical simulations, similar tendencies can be observed relative to each electrode configuration. Finally, the temperature is measured at different locations on the experimental bench for the configuration based on partial electrodes. In presence of gravity, heat transfer enhancement, expected from the application of a non-uniform electric field, is not particularly pronounced since the flow is dominated by thermal buoyancy
Jomni, Fathi. "Étude des phénomènes hydrodynamiques engendrés dans les liquides diélectriques par un champ électrique très intense." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10118.
Full textLi, Zhiling. "Décharge couronne dans l’hélium liquide et gaz sous champ électrique intense : pré-claquage, transport de charge, spectroscopie d'émission." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10026.
Full textThis project focuses on electrical and spectroscopie studies of the corona discharge in point/plane geometry in very pure helium in a large range of pressure (O. 1-IOMPa) and temperature (4. 2-300K). The main purpose of this study is to obtain information on the mechanisms involved in corona discharge in a very dense fluid. The mobility of charge carriers (electrons and ions) and its dependence on pressure has been deduced from mean cUITent-voltage characteristics. The experimental results have been analyzed by using different theoretical models. 1t was shown that, for electrons, the pseudo-bubble model is unable to predict cOITectly the experimental variation ofmobilitY with pressure. Spectra contain many atomic lines and molecular bands of helium in the range of 200-IIOOnm in the region of charge creation near the point electrode. The profile of atomic spectrallines is used to derive the plasma parameters (densitY Np, temperature Tp, etc. ) The three lines 3sJS~2 pJp, 3s1S~2 plp, and 3dlD ~ 2plp observed up a higher pressure, have been analyzed by the various methods. For the three temperatures tested, the density Np: -1019cm-J for 1'=6 and T=300K, and 1020cm-J for T=4. 2 K, and the temperature Tp: -300K for T=300K, 90-200K for T=6K, and 20-100K for T=4. 2 K. The molecular bands D1I u+~B1f1g and dJIu+ ~bJf1g due to their high order of rotation have been analyzed. Ro-vibrational spectra have been simulated and compared to the experimental results in order to determine rotation al T,. At T=6 and 300K, the values of T, are in agreement with the values ofTp obtained from atomic lines. However, at T=4. 2K, no agreement is found between T, and Tp. This last result remains to be explained
Almousa, Almaksour Khaled. "Etude de l’émission cathodique sous vide en présence d'un champ électrique intense et des paramètres physiques gouvernant son intensité." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112017/document.
Full textField electronic emission is a domain which concerns numerous different technical applications. In this work, we have taken an essentially experimental approach to study various parameters having influence on field emission. In the first part of the thesis, we have described the results obtained with a homogeneous electric field with relatively weak field emission. The role of the inter-electrode distance at constants field as well as that of the cathode surface roughness on field emission are studied. The classical method of Fowler-Norheim was then used for the analysis of the measurements. A simple model aiming to take into account the effect of the heating of the emission sites is then proposed. The second part of the theses concerns the effect of the injection of gas on the field emission; this effect being to significantly reduce emission intensity when the gas pressure is raised from 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻² Pa at constant field. A threshold value of emission intensity is shown to be necessary for the observation of this gas effect. The effect of different gas types (He, H₂, N₂, Ar) and cathode materials are also described. The gas effect is shown to be reversible upon lowering of the gas pressure to 10⁻⁵ Pa. The reduction in current is interpreted by a lowering of the field enhancement factor (β) of emission sites by ionic bombardment by ions created locally (within distances on the order of microns) near the cathode surface. A calculation of the flux of bombarding ions is used to estimate the time necessary to modify an emission site in a way corresponding to the observations. The phenomenon of surface migration in the presence of intense electric field is then proposed to explain the reversibility of the gas effect, increasing the local field enhancement factor
Almousa, Almaksour Khaled. "Etude de l'émission cathodique sous vide en présence d'un champ électrique intense et des paramètres physiques gouvernant son intensité." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01014658.
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