Journal articles: 'Chang Chih'

1

Keightley, David N. "Kwang-Chih Chang (1931–2001)." Journal of Asian Studies 60, no. 2 (May 2001): 619–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911800009396.

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Murowchick, Robert E., Lothar Von Falkenhausen, and Cheng-Hwa Tsang. "Kwang-chih (K.C.) Chang (1931-2001)." American Anthropologist 105, no. 2 (June 2003): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.2003.105.2.481.

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Kirkland, Russell. "The Making of an Immortal: the Exaltation of Ho Chih-Chang." Numen 38, no. 2 (1991): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852791x00132.

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AbstractAn unusual case of a Chinese "immortal" (hsien) was the T'ang dynasty statesman Ho Chih-chang (659-744). During his life, Ho displayed little interest in religion until a late-life ordination as a Taoist priest. During the Sung dynasty, however, he was gradually elevated to "immortality" in a series of hagiographical tales. In the 10th-century T'ai-p'ing kuang-chi, Ho appears as a character who learns humility. In the 11 th-century Kao-tao chuan, he appears as a character who yields to the Taoist ideals of restraint and orderly progress. In the 13th-century Chia-ting Ch'ih-ch'eng chih, Ho appears as a master of pharmika who ascends to heaven after a life of several centuries. In that text, the figure of Ho no longer has moral significance: he represents a romantic ideal of "the immortal," but no longer serves as a meaningful spiritual exemplar. In fact, in that text he ceases to function as a representative of Taoist values, for Taoists always aspire to a moral and spiritual elevation, a personal perfection for which the concept of "immortality" serves as a potent metaphor. I suggest that the compilers of such texts appropriated honored historical figures like Ho in an effort to persuade sceptical members of the Chinese elite that "immortality" was a valid and respectable ideal.

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Murowchick, Robert, and Chen Xingcan. "Bibliography of Works by Kwang-Chih Chang: Supplementary Listing." Journal of East Asian Archaeology 3, no. 1 (2001): 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852301100402741.

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Chen, Yu-Fen, Wen-Ling Lu, Ming-Der Wu, and Gwo-Fang Yuan. "Analysis of Taiwan Patents for the Medicinal Mushroom “Niu-Chang- Chih”." Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212798411305010010.

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王, 亚飞. "Ancient Learning and New System: Chang Chih-tung’s Classification for National Studies." Advances in Social Sciences 07, no. 12 (2018): 1904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2018.712283.

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Wu, Sheng-Hua, Paul M. Kirk, Scott A. Redhead, Joost A. Stalpers, Yu-Cheng Dai, Lorelei L. Norvell, Zhu-Liang Yang, et al. "Resolution of the nomenclature for niu-chang-chih (Taiwanofungus camphoratus), an important medicinal polypore." TAXON 61, no. 6 (December 2012): 1305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tax.616011.

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LIU, Der-Zen, Yu-Chih LIANG, Shyr-Yi LIN, Yin-Shiou LIN, Wen-Chun WU, Wen-Chi HOU, and Ching-Hua SU. "Antihypertensive Activities of a Solid-State Culture ofTaiwanofungus camphoratus(Chang-Chih) in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 71, no. 1 (January 23, 2007): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60268.

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Baker, Hugh D. R. "Appetites: Food and Sex in Post-Socialist China. By Judith Farquhar. [Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2002. xii+341 pp. £14.50. ISBN 0-8223-2921-2.]." China Quarterly 175 (September 2003): 836–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003280474.

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The author is an anthropologist with a heavy list towards Chinese medicine, and it is from a medico-anthropological stance that she views aspects of food and sex in China. The works of neither Chang Kwang-chih nor Robert van Gulik will be made redundant by this book, for it is eating rather than food, and relationships between the sexes rather than the mechanics of sexual practice which are focused on, and a whole battery of lenses, from philosophy to literary criticism and from ethnographic fieldwork to lexicography, is employed.

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Kirkland, Russell. "Three Entries for a T'ang Biographical Dictionary: Wang Hsi-i, Huang Ling-wei, Ho Chih-chang." Tang Studies 1992, no. 10-11 (June 1992): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/073750392787773041.

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WANG, Guei-Jane, Shyr-Yi LIN, Wen-Chun WU, and Wen-Chi HOU. "DPPH Radical Scavenging and Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Activities ofTaiwanofungus camphoratus(Chang-Chih)." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 71, no. 8 (August 23, 2007): 1873–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.70093.

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Chan, Hok-Lam. "A Recipe to Qubilai Qa’an on Governance: the Case of Chang Te-hui and Li Chih." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 7, no. 2 (July 1997): 257–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300008877.

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It has been well established in modern scholarship that the Mongol successors to Chinggis Qan (1162–1227), who launched the campaign against the Chin state in 1213 that led to its extinction in 1234, were heavily indebted to the counsel and support of the Chinese grandees of Jurchen rule in their consolidation of north China. This passed through different stages, beginning with Ögödei Qa’an (r. 1229–41) and continued by Möngke (r. 1251–9), through trial and error amid factional strifes and political bickering among different Mongol rulers and their supporters and dissenters.

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Liau, Yi-Jen, Yu-Ting Chen, Choa-Yi Lin, Jenq-Kuen Huang, and Chi-Tsai Lin. "Characterisation of 2-Cys peroxiredoxin isozyme (Prx1) from Taiwanofungus camphorata (Niu-chang-chih): Expression and enzyme properties." Food Chemistry 119, no. 1 (March 2010): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.06.008.

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Wu, Kochiu. "Combining dynamic city sensors to build a three-dimensional thermal environment cloud information system for smart cities." Impact 2020, no. 6 (November 16, 2020): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.6.26.

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Professors Ko-Chiu Wu, Chih-Hong Huang and Hsiao-Tung Chang from the National Taipei University of Technology and Chinese Culture University are combining dynamic city sensors to build a 3D thermal environment cloud information system for smart cities. They seek to uncover new information about urban heat island (UHI) by describing the dynamic phenomena underway. The ultimate aim of this study is to survey the thermal environment data in the horizontal and vertical interspace of urban areas. The data and insight the team gathers will be extremely useful to policy makers and city planners, as well as designing urban spaces with the comfort of citizens in mind, it is hoped they will be able to mitigate the effects of UHI and even make energy savings using the 3D maps.

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Lewis, Irving. "Ethical Foreign Policy ? US Humanitarian Interventions, Chih-Hann Chang, 2011, coll. Ethics and Global Politics, Burlington, VT, Ashgate, 198 p." Études internationales 43, no. 3 (2012): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012828ar.

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YU, Jian-hong, Chien-Chih YU, Chang Yuan-Chieh, Tsai Ya-Yu, and Pan Po-Wei. "Nonsurgical Correction of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion by Multibends Edgewise Archwire Technique in an Adult." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 4, no. 2 (2015): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1113.

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ABSTRACT Skeletal class III malocclusion treated with orthognathic surgery usually can achieve a better facial profile and stable occlusion outcome. We describe a 37-year-old patient who sought orthodontic treatment for skeletal class III, but refused recommendations for orthognathic surgery because of personal considerations. After careful analysis of the X-ray images and study models, this patient was subjected to active orthodontic treatment to correct malocclusion using upper and lower arch with improved superelastic NiTi alloy wire (ISW) for efficient leveling of the teeth. In the lower arch, the multibends edgewise archwire (MEAW) technique was used to tip back and intrude the canine and posterior teeth. After the completion of treatment, anterior teeth crossbite was successfully corrected and proper occlusal relationships were reestablished. How to cite this article Chang YC, Jian-Hong YU, Tsai YY, Chien-Chih Y, Pan PW. Nonsurgical Correction of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion by Multibends Edgewise Archwire Technique in an Adult. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2): 137-142.

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Main, Ian G., and Fahad Al-Kindy. "Reply to “Comment on ‘Entropy, energy, and proximity to criticality in global earthquake populations’” by Chien-chih Chen and Chun-Ling Chang." Geophysical Research Letters 31, no. 6 (March 2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004gl019497.

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Allan, Sarah. "Kwang-Chih Chang: The archaeology of ancient China. Fourth edition, revised and enlarged, xxv, 450 pp. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1986. £45, $60 (paper £14.95, $19.95). - K. C. Chang (ed.): Studies of Shang archaeology: selected papers from the International Conference on Shang Civilization, xiv, 325 pp. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, [1986]. £28.50." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 54, no. 3 (October 1991): 607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00001245.

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Celarent, Barbara. "Peasant Life in China. By Fei Xiaotong [Hsiao-Tung Fei]. London: Routledge, 1939. Pp. xvii+300.Earthbound China. By Fei Xiaotong [Hsiao-Tung Fei] and Zhang Zhiyi [Chih-I Chang]. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1945. Pp. xv + 319." American Journal of Sociology 118, no. 4 (January 2013): 1153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/669921.

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Tang, C. H., C. L. Chang, W. Y. Shau, C. Y. Hsin, and K. J. LI. "SAT0114 IMPACT OF DOSE TAPERING REIMBURSEMENT POLICY ON PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF ADVANCED THERAPY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN TAIWAN." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 990.1–991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1659.

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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with advanced therapy (biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) may be considered dose tapering after reaching treatment goal.1In EULAR 2016 recommendations, dose reduction can be considered if patients reach sustained remission.2A dose tapering policy of advanced therapy was introduced in the treatment guideline of RA since 2014 under the National Health Insurance (NHI) in Taiwan. The new reimbursement policy requests the dosage to be tapered in patients who received advanced therapy for 2 years and reached low disease activity defined by DAS28 (ESR).Objectives:This retrospective study aims to investigate the impact of dose tapering policy on prescription pattern of advanced therapy for RA patients in Taiwan.Methods:This study was an observational retrospective analysis on the population-based National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan. Patients with RA aged ≥18, initiated an index advanced therapy - abatacept, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, tocilizumab, or tofacitinib, during 2011-2017 were included (Figure 1). Patients were followed-up until the index advanced therapy was switched/discontinued or the end of data, whichever came first. The 4-week moving average of proportion of days covered (PDC) of the index therapy within each 12-week period were assessed. The outcome variable was whether dose tapering occurred which was defined as PDC being less than 0.5. The odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) with logistic specification to examine the independent effect of tapering policy and treatment duration on the probability of dose tapering, after controlling for age, sex, and index advanced therapy.Figure 1.Flow chart of patient selection:Results:The study comprised 9,094 patients initiated advance treatment for RA, with mean age of 57.3 (SD 13.3) years and 78.8% were female. The median PDC dropped remarkably after 28 months since treatment initiation (Figure 2). Probability of dose tapering increased significantly when treatment duration ≥24-month (OR=2.73,p<0.001). When treatment duration < 24-month, Dose Tapering policy was not significantly associated with tapering prescription. However, implementation of the policy further increased the probability of dose tapering for patients with treatment duration ≥ 24-month, OR for interaction of policy by duration was 1.17, and test for interactionp=0.014. There were about 3 times increase in the odds of dose tapering probability for patient treated longer than 24 months after the policy implemented in April 2014.Figure 2.The change of PDC of advanced therapy over the treatment periodConclusion:For RA patients, PDC of advanced therapy dropped notably after patients received advanced therapy for more than 24 months. The tapering policy implementation significantly increased the probability of dose tapering of advanced therapy in patients with treatment duration ≥ 24 months.References:[1]Lenert A, Lenert P. Clin Rheumatol. 2017;36(1):1-8.[2]Smolen JS, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(6):960-977.Table 1.effect of treatment duration and dose tapering policy on the probability of dose taperingOdds ratio95%CIp valueEffect of Treatment Duration (in pre-policy period)≥24-month vs <24-month2.73(2.45,3.05)<.001Effect of Dose Tapering policy (in treatment duration <24 months)Post-policy*vs Pre-policy0.94(0.87,1.01)0.110Interaction of Treatment Duration by Dose Tapering policy≥24-month x Post-policy1.17(1.03,1.32)0.014*Dose Tapering policy was implemented on April 1st, 2014Acknowledgments :Research is sponsored by Pfizer Ltd.Disclosure of Interests:Chao-Hsiun Tang: None declared, Chia-Li Chang: None declared, Wen-Yi Shau Employee of: Pfizer, Chih-Yi Hsin Employee of: Pfizer, Ko-Jen Li Speakers bureau: Speaker fee from Pfizer, Abbvie, Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly and Johnson & Johnson

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Yueh, Hsin-i. Sydney. "Mei-Ling Pan, Jih-Wen Lin, Lung-Chih Chang, and Meng-Hsuan Yang (eds.), 跨界跨代的台灣研究︰北美台灣研究學會二十年 [Crossing Disciplines and Generations: 20 Years of natsa]." International Journal of Taiwan Studies 4, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24688800-20211206.

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Pethig, Ronald. "Festschrift for Professor Hsueh-Chia Chang." Biomicrofluidics 13, no. 6 (November 2019): 060401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5141082.

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Keightley, David N. "Neolithic and Shang Periods." Journal of Asian Studies 54, no. 1 (February 1995): 128–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911800021604.

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The common occurrence of cults of the dead in Neolithic and early Bronze Age societies around the world raises at least one major question about early Chinese religion: what factors account for the elaboration of ancestor worship in China and for the degree to which—compared to its role in other cultures—it endured? The study of Chinese religion in the Neolithic and Shang periods (ca. 4000–1050 B.C.E.) can contribute to our understanding of such matters, but the bulk of recent scholarship is inevitably and properly focused on technical analyses of sites, artifacts, rituals, and spiritual Powers. Many studies address problems of definition, such as the nature of Ti, the high god of the Shang, and his cult (Akatsuka 1977:471–537; Ikeda 1981:25–39; Eno 1990); images of T'ien (Heaven, Sky) (Hayashi 1989a); the nature of the Earth Power and its associated altar of the soil (Tai Chia-hsiang 1986); the role of sun, bird, and other totems in Neolithic and Shang belief (Hu Hou-hsüan 1977; Allan 1981; Tu Chin-p'eng 1992; Wu Hung 1985; Paper 1986; Ch'ien Chihch'iang 1988; Juyü 1991; Wang Chi-huai 1992; Xiong Chuanxin 1992; Chang Teshui 1993; Chang Wen 1994; Wang Lu-ch'ang 1994); methods and objects of sacrifice (Ikeda 1980; Ch'iu Hsi-kuei 1985; Childs-Johnson 1987; Lien Shao-ming 1989; Itō 1990; Hao Pen-hsing 1992); the religious dimensions of illness (Takashima 1980) and of settlement building (Akatsuka 1977:494–99).

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Fang, Yin-Ying, Chi-Fang Chen, and Sheng-Ju Wu. "Feature identification using acoustic signature of Ocean Researcher III (ORIII) of Taiwan." ANZIAM Journal 59 (July 25, 2019): C318—C357. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v59i0.12655.

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Underwater acoustic signature identification has been employed as a technique for detecting underwater vehicles, such as in anti-submarine warfare or harbour security systems. The underwater sound channel, however, has interference due to spatial variations in topography or sea state conditions and temporal variations in water column properties, which cause multipath and scattering in acoustic propagation. Thus, acoustic data quality control can be very challenging. One of challenges for an identification system is how to recognise the same target signature from measurements under different temporal and spatial settings. This paper deals with the above challenges by establishing an identification system composed of feature extraction, classification algorithms, and feature selection with two approaches to recognise the target signature of underwater radiated noise from a research vessel, Ocean Researcher III, with a bottom mounted hydrophone in five cruises in 2016 and 2017. The fundamental frequency and its power spectral density are known as significant features for classification. In feature extraction, we extract the features before deciding which is more significant from the two aforementioned features. The first approach utilises Polynomial Regression (PR) classifiers and feature selection by Taguchi method and analysis of variance under a different combination of factors and levels. The second approach utilises Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) selecting the optimised parameters of classifier via genetic algorithm. The real-time classifier of PR model is robust and superior to the RBFNN model in this paper. This suggests that the Automatic Identification System for Vehicles using Acoustic Signature developed here can be carried out by utilising harmonic frequency features extracted from unmasking the frequency bandwidth for ship noises and proves that feature extraction is appropriate for our targets. References Nathan D Merchant, Kurt M Fristrup, Mark P Johnson, Peter L Tyack, Matthew J Witt, Philippe Blondel, and Susan E Parks. Measuring acoustic habitats. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 6(3):257265, 2015. doi:10.1111/2041-210X.12330. Nathan D Merchant, Philippe Blondel, D Tom Dakin, and John Dorocicz. Averaging underwater noise levels for environmental assessment of shipping. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 132(4):EL343EL349, 2012. doi:10.1121/1.4754429. Chi-Fang Chen, Hsiang-Chih Chan, Ray-I Chang, Tswen-Yung Tang, Sen Jan, Chau-Chang Wang, Ruey-Chang Wei, Yiing-Jang Yang, Lien-Siang Chou, Tzay-Chyn Shin, et al. Data demonstrations on physical oceanography and underwater acoustics from the marine cable hosted observatory (macho). In OCEANS, 2012-Yeosu, pages 16. IEEE, 2012. doi:10.1109/OCEANS-Yeosu.2012.6263639. Sauda Sadaf P Yashaswini, Soumya Halagur, Fazil Khan, and Shanta Rangaswamy. A literature survey on ambient noise analysis for underwater acoustic signals. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Sciences, 1(7):19, 2015. doi:10.26472/ijces.v1i7.37. Shuguang Wang and Xiangyang Zeng. Robust underwater noise targets classification using auditory inspired time-frequency analysis. Applied Acoustics, 78:6876, 2014. doi:10.1016/j.apacoust.2013.11.003. LG Weiss and TL Dixon. Wavelet-based denoising of underwater acoustic signals. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 101(1):377383, 1997. doi:10.1121/1.417983. Timothy Alexis Bodisco, Jason D'Netto, Neil Kelson, Jasmine Banks, Ross Hayward, and Tony Parker. Characterising an ecg signal using statistical modelling: a feasibility study. ANZIAM Journal, 55:3246, 2014. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v55i0.7818. José Ribeiro-Fonseca and Luís Correia. Identification of underwater acoustic noise. In OCEANS'94.'Oceans Engineering for Today's Technology and Tomorrow's Preservation.'Proceedings, volume 2, pages II/597II/602 vol. 2. IEEE. Linus YS Chiu and Hwei-Ruy Chen. Estimation and reduction of effects of sea surface reflection on underwater vertical channel. In Underwater Technology Symposium (UT), 2013 IEEE International, pages 18. IEEE, 2013. doi:10.1109/UT.2013.6519874. G.M. Wenz. Acoustic ambient noise in the ocean: spectra and sources. Thesis, 1962. doi:10.1121/1.1909155. Donald Ross. Mechanics of underwater noise. Elsevier, 2013. doi:10.1121/1.398685. Chris Drummond and Robert C Holte. Exploiting the cost (in) sensitivity of decision tree splitting criteria. In ICML, volume 1, 2000. Charles Elkan. The foundations of cost-sensitive learning. In International joint conference on artificial intelligence, volume 17, pages 973978. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd, 2001. Chris Gillard, Alexei Kouzoubov, Simon Lourey, Alice von Trojan, Binh Nguyen, Shane Wood, and Jimmy Wang. Automatic classification of active sonar echoes for improved target identification. Douglas C Montgomery. Design and analysis of experiments. John wiley and sons, 2017. doi:10.1002/9781118147634. G Taguchi. Off-line and on-line quality control systems. In Proceedings of International Conference on Quality Control, 1978. Sheng-Ju Wu, Sheau-Wen Shiah, and Wei-Lung Yu. Parametric analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance by using the taguchi method and a neural network. Renewable Energy, 34(1):135144, 2009. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2008.03.006. Genichi Taguchi. Introduction to quality engineering: designing quality into products and processes. Technical report, 1986. doi:10.1002/qre.4680040216. Richard Horvath, Gyula Matyasi, and Agota Dregelyi-Kiss. Optimization of machining parameters for fine turning operations based on the response surface method. ANZIAM Journal, 55:250265, 2014. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v55i0.7865. Chuan-Tien Li, Sheng-Ju Wu, and Wei-Lung Yu. Parameter design on the multi-objectives of pem fuel cell stack using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system and genetic algorithms. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39(9):45024515, 2014. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.034. Antoine Guisan, Thomas C Edwards Jr, and Trevor Hastie. Generalized linear and generalized additive models in studies of species distributions: setting the scene. Ecological modelling, 157(2-3):89100, 2002. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(02)00204-1. Sheng Chen, Colin FN Cowan, and Peter M Grant. Orthogonal least squares learning algorithm for radial basis function networks. IEEE Transactions on neural networks, 2(2):302309, 1991. doi:10.1109/72.80341. Howard Demuth and Mark Beale. Neural network toolbox for use with matlab-user's guide verion 4.0. 1993. Janice Gaffney, Charles Pearce, and David Green. Binary versus real coding for genetic algorithms: A false dichotomy? ANZIAM Journal, 51:347359, 2010. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v51i0.2776. Daniel May and Muttucumaru Sivakumar. Techniques for predicting total phosphorus in urban stormwater runoff at unmonitored catchments. ANZIAM Journal, 45:296309, 2004. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v45i0.889. Chang-Xue Jack Feng, Zhi-Guang Yu, and Andrew Kusiak. Selection and validation of predictive regression and neural network models based on designed experiments. IIE Transactions, 38(1):1323, 2006. doi:10.1080/07408170500346378. Yin-Ying Fang, Ping-Jung Sung, Kai-An Cheng, Meng Fan Tsai, and Chifang Chen. Underwater radiated noise measurement of ocean researcher 3. In The 29th Taiwan Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Conference, 2017. Yin-Ying Fang, Chi-Fang Chen, and Sheng-Ju Wu. Analysis of vibration and underwater radiated noise of ocean researcher 3. In The 30th Taiwan Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Conference, 2018. Det Norske Veritas. Rules for classification of ships new buildings special equipment and systems additional class part 6 chapter 24 silent class notation. Rules for Classification of ShipsNewbuildings, 2010. Underwater acousticsquantities and procedures for description and measurement of underwater sound from ships-part 1requirements for precision measurements in deep water used for comparison purposes. (ISO 17208-1:2012), 2012. Bureau Veritas. Underwater radiated noise, rule note nr 614 dt r00 e. Bureau Veritas, 2014. R.J. Urick. Principles of underwater sound, volume 3. McGraw-Hill New York, 1983. Lars Burgstahler and Martin Neubauer. New modifications of the exponential moving average algorithm for bandwidth estimation. In Proc. of the 15th ITC Specialist Seminar, 2002. Bishnu Prasad Lamichhane. Removing a mixture of gaussian and impulsive noise using the total variation functional and split bregman iterative method. ANZIAM Journal, 56:5267, 2015. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v56i0.9316. Chao-Ton Su. Quality engineering: off-line methods and applications. CRC press, 2016. Jiju Antony and Mike Kaye. Experimental quality: a strategic approach to achieve and improve quality. Springer Science and Business Media, 2012. Ozkan Kucuk, Tayeb Elfarah, Serkan Islak, and Cihan Ozorak. Optimization by using taguchi method of the production of magnesium-matrix carbide reinforced composites by powder metallurgy method. Metals, 7(9):352, 2017. doi:10.3390/met7090352. G Taguchi. System of experimental design, quality resources. New York, 108, 1987. Gavin C Cawley and Nicola LC Talbot. Efficient leave-one-out cross-validation of kernel fisher discriminant classifiers. Pattern Recognition, 36(11):25852592, 2003. doi:10.1016/S0031-3203(03)00136-5.

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Narikawa, Mineo. "On the Ch'ih-hsia-pai-chang-ch'ing-kuei." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 33, no. 2 (1985): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.33.601.

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Wallacker, Benjamin E. "Chang Fei's Preface To the Chin Code of Law." T'oung Pao 72, no. 4 (1986): 229–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853286x00024.

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Berry, Patrick W. "Writing for a Change, Writing for Chip." E-Learning and Digital Media 11, no. 5 (January 2014): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/elea.2014.11.5.506.

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Hu, Thomas Q., Michelle Zhao, Paul Bicho, and Pierre Losier. "A method for estimating wood chip brightness and its applications1This article is a contribution to the series The Role of Sensors in the New Forest Products Industry and Bioeconomy." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, no. 11 (November 2011): 2114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-059.

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Methods for estimating wood chip brightness are important in classifying wood chips in chip piles, stabilizing chip brightness in the pulping process, and reducing bleaching chemical consumption in pulp mills. They also allow us to understand and control factors including outdoor storage in the summer that affect chip and pulp brightness. An accurate off-line method for estimating wood chip brightness has been developed. The method involves a two-stage grinding of air-dried wood chips to powders with small particle sizes and narrow size distributions and measurement of ISO (International Standardization Organization) brightness of the resulting powders. Using this method, ISO brightness values of 20 mill or pilot-plant thermomechanical pulps (TMP) can be linearly correlated, with an r2 value of 0.885, with ISO brightness of the mill or pilot-plant wood chips. Analyses of wood chips and TMP samples taken from a TMP mill every month for 1 year show that both the chip and TMP brightness values are the lowest in July. The method can be used for laboratory analysis of chip brightness, monitoring of chip brightness monthly variation in pulp mills, and checking the accuracy of the on-line chip brightness measurement system.

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Seife, Ethan de. "Brutal Mathematics: Narrative Structure in the Films of Chang Cheh." Asian Cinema 22, no. 2 (September 27, 2011): 112–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ac.22.2.112_1.

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Urednistvo, U. "Disclosure of plagiarism." Computer Science and Information Systems 7, no. 4 (2010): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis1004005u.

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(retraction) We regretfully announce that the article 'Blind Separation Using Second Order Statistics for Non-stationary Signals' by Jun Du, Ju Liu, Shengju Sang and Jun Wang, published in Volume 7, Number 1 of ComSIS (pp. 163-176, 2010), is a confirmed plagiarism of the original work by Chia-Chi Lin, 'Blind Source Separation For Non-stationary Signals Using Second Order Statistics,' Master Thesis, National Tsing Hua University (NTHU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, July 2007. The Editorial Board of Computer Science and Information Systems sincerely apologizes to the author, Chia-Chi Lin, and his advisors, Professor Wing-Kin Ma1 and Professor Chong-Yung Chi2, for allowing the publication of this article. The article has been removed from the ComSIS Web site (www.comsis.org/Archive/Vol7Num1.htm), and replaced by instructions to download the original work. 1 Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT., Hong Kong. institute of Communications Engineering & Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. Link to the retracted article <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/CSIS1001163D">10.2298/CSIS1001163D</a>

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Fu, ZhenHong, and Albert H. Titus. "CMOS Neuromorphic Optical Sensor Chip With Color Change-Intensity Change Disambiguation (CCICD)." IEEE Sensors Journal 9, no. 6 (June 2009): 689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2009.2020676.

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Et. al., Wan Faizal Mohamed-Hassan. "Assessment Of Cl 2 /CHF 3 Mixture For Plasma Etching Process On Barc And Tin Layer For 0.21 µm Metal Line: Silterra Case Study." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 4 (April 11, 2021): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i4.499.

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In wafer fabrication manufacturing, aluminum etching process is a dry plasma etching process used as main process for construction of aluminum (Al) interconnects structures. As customer requirement changed for faster, more reliable and lower cost chips, chip manufacturers have learned to reduce the size of component on a chip in order to achieve those requirements(Ibrahim, Chik, & Hashim, 2016). As the geometry of the chip getting smaller, the width of Al line wiring specification also shrinking. To print the smaller geometry pattern requirement, the thickness in masking process also has to be reduced for better resolution. Such a thinner resist will create a challenge during plasma etching to ensure a minimal resist loss process which required new type of equipment but this research insist to sustain similar equipment. The use of oxide film as a hard mask has been evaluated by other researchers but alternative approach still needed to suit specific requirement of semiconductor factory installation base. This approach does require a process integration change and require a full technology qualification and easily take a lengthy qualification procedures especially when to qualify the existing products. It is worth trying at the situation of no other solution available. The challenge of insufficient margin for the metal line etching process for 0.2 µm width has caused the deformed metal pattern formation. This chemistry study of Cl2/CHF3 as a replacement gas to existing Cl2/O2 to address Organic backside anti refractive coating (OBARC) was evaluated and proven novelty where detail discussed in the following content.

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Nisar, Muhammad Shemyal, Xing Yang, Liangjun Lu, Jianping Chen, and Linjie Zhou. "On-Chip Integrated Photonic Devices Based on Phase Change Materials." Photonics 8, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8060205.

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Phase change materials present a unique type of materials that drastically change their electrical and optical properties on the introduction of an external electrical or optical stimulus. Although these materials have been around for some decades, they have only recently been implemented for on-chip photonic applications. Since their reinvigoration a few years ago, on-chip devices based on phase change materials have been making a lot of progress, impacting many diverse applications at a very fast pace. At present, they are found in many interesting applications including switches and modulation; however, phase change materials are deemed most essential for next-generation low-power memory devices and neuromorphic computational platforms. This review seeks to highlight the progress thus far made in on-chip devices derived from phase change materials including memory devices, neuromorphic computing, switches, and modulators.

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Gillen, Sally. "Under deconstruction – employers chip away at Agenda for Change." Nursing Standard 26, no. 34 (April 25, 2012): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2012.04.26.34.12.p8174.

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Chang, I. P., M. Y. Chen, E. C. Ko, C. c. Kao, C. m. Chang, and H. c. Tsui. "Cephalometric study on profile change following chin block procurement." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 36, no. 11 (November 2007): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2007.08.321.

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Gillen, Sally. "Under deconstruction – employers chip away at agenda for change." Nursing Standard 26, no. 34 (April 25, 2012): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.26.34.12.s15.

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Rios, Carlos, Peiman Hosseini, C. David Wright, Harish Bhaskaran, and Wolfram H. P. Pernice. "On-Chip Photonic Memory Elements Employing Phase-Change Materials." Advanced Materials 26, no. 9 (December 2, 2013): 1372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304476.

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Varnava, Christiana. "Phase-change memory devices for on-chip neural networks." Nature Electronics 4, no. 7 (July 2021): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41928-021-00627-4.

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Taylor, Robert H. "Wen-Chin Chang. Beyond Borders: Stories of Yunnanese Chinese Migrants of Burma." Asian Affairs 46, no. 3 (September 2, 2015): 535–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03068374.2015.1080988.

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Kilpijärvi, Joni, Niina Halonen, Maciej Sobocinski, Antti Hassinen, Bathiya Senevirathna, Kajsa Uvdal, Pamela Abshire, et al. "LTCC Packaged Ring Oscillator Based Sensor for Evaluation of Cell Proliferation." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 7, 2018): 3346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103346.

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A complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip biosensor was developed for cell viability monitoring based on an array of capacitance sensors utilizing a ring oscillator. The chip was packaged in a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) module with a flip chip bonding technique. A microcontroller operates the chip, while the whole measurement system was controlled by PC. The developed biosensor was applied for measurement of the proliferation stage of adherent cells where the sensor response depends on the ratio between healthy, viable and multiplying cells, which adhere onto the chip surface, and necrotic or apoptotic cells, which detach from the chip surface. This change in cellular adhesion caused a change in the effective permittivity in the vicinity of the sensor element, which was sensed as a change in oscillation frequency of the ring oscillator. The sensor was tested with human lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) during cell addition, proliferation and migration, and finally detachment induced by trypsin protease treatment. The difference in sensor response with and without cells was measured as a frequency shift in the scale of 1.1 MHz from the base frequency of 57.2 MHz. Moreover, the number of cells in the sensor vicinity was directly proportional to the frequency shift.

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Gilbert, Wesley, Ivan Trush, Bruce Allison, Randy Reimer, and Howard Mason. "Dry chip feedrate control using online chip moisture." May 2018 17, no. 05 (June 1, 2018): 295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj17.05.295.

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Normal practice in continuous digester operation is to set the production rate through the chip meter speed. This speed is seldom, if ever, adjusted except to change production, and most of the other digester inputs are ratioed to it. The inherent assumption is that constant chip meter speed equates to constant dry mass flow of chips. This is seldom, if ever, true. As a result, the actual production rate, effective alkali (EA)-to-wood and liquor-to-wood ratios may vary substantially from assumed values. This increases process variability and decreases profits. In this report, a new continuous digester production rate control strategy is developed that addresses this shortcoming. A new noncontacting near infrared–based chip moisture sensor is combined with the existing weightometer signal to estimate the actual dry chip mass feedrate entering the digester. The estimated feedrate is then used to implement a novel feedback control strategy that adjusts the chip meter speed to maintain the dry chip feedrate at the target value. The report details the results of applying the new measurements and control strategy to a dual vessel continuous digester.

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Wang, Qian, Hou Peng Chen, Yi Yun Zhang, Xi Fan, Xi Li, Jia Jun Hu, and Zhi Tang Song. "Design of an Initialization Circuit Used in Phase Change Memory Chip." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.471.

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Design of a novel initialization circuit is presented in this paper. The initialization circuit is used to supply initialization current to the first test of phase change memory chip after delivery. Inhomogeneous crystalline grain sizes appear in phase change materials used in memory cells during manufacturing process. The crystalline phase with low resistance will convert to amorphous phase with high resistance after initialization, which is called RESET the memory cells to 0. Normal RESET operation current is not high enough to RESET great grain, which deteriorates bit yield of phase change memory chip. In comparison, the higher initialization current will increase bit yield observably.

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Wu, Long Sheng, Xu Zhang, Cheng Jian Wang, and Zhen Long Wang. "Experimental Research on Phase-Change Cooling for High-Power Chip." Applied Mechanics and Materials 628 (September 2014): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.628.306.

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Phase change cooling technology is based on the boiling of refrigerating medium to absorb the heat generated by the electronic chip. It provides higher heat flux dissipation, reduces the refrigerating medium flux and consumes a lower pumping power, compared with single-phase liquid cooling. It also has good temperature uniformity and higher working temperature, which is ideal for energy reuse. Experimental system was designed for phase change cooling of R123 to analyze the basic conditions required for boiling vaporization. The chip temperature was 70 °C or less when the heat flux was 100 W·cm-2, with the 0.6 mm rectangular micro-channel evaporator. Experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of heat flux, channel dimension, throttling action on the heat transfer effect.

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Zhang, Xu, Guangming Zheng, Xiang Cheng, Rufeng Xu, Guoyong Zhao, and Yebing Tian. "Fractal Characteristics of Chip Morphology and Tool Wear in High-Speed Turning of Iron-Based Super Alloy." Materials 13, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13041020.

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Considering that iron-based super alloy is a kind of difficult-to-cut material, it is easy to produce work hardening and serious tool wear during machining. Therefore, this work aims to explore the chip change characteristics and tool wear mechanism during the processing of iron-based super alloy, calculate the fractal dimensions of chip morphology and tool wear morphology, and use fractals to analyze their change trend. Meanwhile, a new cutting tool with a super ZX coating is used for a high-speed dry turning experiment. The results indicate that the morphology of the chip is saw-tooth, and its color changes gradually, due to the oxidation reaction. The main wear mechanisms of the tool involve abrasive wear, adhesive wear, oxidation wear, coating spalling, microcracking and chipping. The fractal dimension of the tool wear surface and chip is increased with the improvement of cutting speed. This work investigates the fractal characteristics of chip morphology and tool wear morphology. The fractal dimension changes regularly with the change of tool wear, which plays an important role in predicting this tool wear. It is also provides some guidance for the efficient processing of an iron-based super alloy.

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45

Barrett, T. H. "Towards a date for the Chin-so liu-chu yin." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 53, no. 2 (June 1990): 292–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00026094.

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The Chin-so liu-chu yin is a text of twenty-nine fascicles preserved in the Taoist canon in the form of a revelation to Chang Tao-ling, the late Han founder of the Taoist religion, to which comments by Li Ch‘un-feng (602–670) are attached. Though scholars have not so far addressed the question of the origins of the text itself, a certain willingness to accept the attribution of the commentary has already been made manifest. Yet to the eye of the expert in Sung Taoism this attribution raises serious doubts: text and commentary display features much more reminiscent of Sung religion than that of the early T'ang. It has already been noticed that Li Ch'un-feng provides information on the cult of the city gods (ch'eng-huang shen) and on Thunder magic; the former religious development may be traced back before the T‘ang but only achieved prominence towards the end of the dynasty, while the latter is unattested in T‘ang Taoist literature. One might add that Li displays a detailed knowledge of the legend of Hsü Sun in a developed form—again a cult v with early origins hardly noticed until the late T‘ang. The text also provides information (though separately) on the Buddhist warrior-king Vaisravana (P‘isha-men PI) and on the seventh-century warrior-hero Li Ching (571–649): these two figures were eventually to merge.

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ZHANG, Huiping. "Change Rule of Chip Breaking Limits in High Speed Machining." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 05 (2008): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2008.05.124.

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Pozo, Jose. "“Every Change We Made on the Chip Was an Adventure”." PhotonicsViews 17, no. 4 (August 2020): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phvs.202070406.

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Ikeda, Akihiro, Kiyoshi Hamaguchi, Hiroshi Ogi, Kazuya Iwasaki, Reiji Hattori, and Yukinori Kuroki. "Mobility change of MOSFETs in a chip-stacked multichip package." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II: Electronics) 89, no. 7 (2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecjb.20246.

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Ding, Sheng, Zhitang Song, Bo Liu, Daolin Cai, Xiaogang Chen, Yifeng Chen, Min Zhong, et al. "16kb Phase Change Memory Test Chip with 0.18-μm Process." ECS Transactions 22, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3152969.

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Williamson, T., G. Hauer, and M. K. Luckert. "A restricted Leontief profit function model of the Canadian lumber and chip industry: potential impacts of US countervail and Kyoto ratification." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1833–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-058.

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Estimation of output supplies and factor demands with a range of functional forms provides a basis for bounding possible supply responses to exogenous shocks. No prior study, to our knowledge, has used a generalized Leontief functional form to estimate lumber and chip supply responses in Canada. The own price lumber supply elasticities estimated from the restricted Leontief profit functional form used in this study are lower than those presented in most other studies, while the lumber supply response with respect to roundwood price change is somewhat higher than some studies. We simulate the impacts of current US countervail processes on Canadian lumber supply. The simulated responses to duties might be considered to be conservative estimates, while the lumber supply responses to roundwood price increases could be on the high end of expected responses. Estimation of profit and supply functions indicates that rather than being a distinct production decision, chip supply follows lumber supply. The supply responses of chips and lumber to the various combinations of duty, roundwood price increases, and energy price increases indicate a number of patterns. First, if Kyoto policies increase energy prices (up to 10%), these changes are not likely to have a large impact on lumber and chip production. Second, British Columbia and Quebec tend to have lumber and chip supplies that are more sensitive to duties and increased roundwood prices than Ontario. Third, Quebec is more sensitive to roundwood price increases, while British Columbia is more sensitive to the effects of duties.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Chang Chih'

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