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Journal articles on the topic 'Changes of growing stock'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Liepiņš, Jānis, Andis Lazdiņš, Santa Kalēja, and Kaspars Liepiņš. "Species Composition Affects the Accuracy of Stand-Level Biomass Models in Hemiboreal Forests." Land 11, no. 7 (2022): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11071108.

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Various tree species contribute differently to total biomass stock, making the development of species-specific stand-level equations critical for better estimation of forest biomass and quantification of carbon stocks. Previously derived dry weight biomass models did not assess the effect of dominant species composition according to stand growing stock. Growing stock definitions and forest species composition differ by country, justifying the need for national stand-level biomass equations. We explored the relationship between growing stock volume and stand biomass density of above- and below-

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2

Jabłoński, Marek. "A comparison of two growing stock assessments by stratified sampling – how does accuracy of inventory affect our interpretation of the results." Forest Research Papers 74 (1) (March 1, 2013): 17–25. https://doi.org/10.2478/frp-2013-0003.

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Since 1967, when the Polish State Forests were first inventoried, a continuous increase in the volume of growing stock has been recorded. This increase in timber resources is mainly the result of sustainable forest management. However, during this time period inventory methods have been changed a few times and this may have affected the estimates of of wood resources. Since 2011 new instructions have been in place for forest management plans in the Polish State Forests. Despite this, the method of taking forest inventories remained consistent with the previous guidelines. This should allow us

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3

Coman, Mihail, Catița Șarpe, Valentina Isac, Monica Sturzeanu, Ion Viscol, and Daniela Elena Rebega. "FRUIT GROWING NUCLEAR STOCK IN PROGRESS AT RIFG PITEȘTI." Fruit Growing Research 40 (December 11, 2024): 185–92. https://doi.org/10.33045/fgr.v40.2024.26.

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Nuclear stocks are in a permanent and dynamic evolution because of new assortments and legislative changes. At the present time, the production and maintenance of nuclear stocks from higher biological categories especially, is carried out based on the requirements of several legislative acts, which provide rules starting from the selection of the material, up to the consumers, material labeled with mention "EU norms and standards". At RIFG Pitesti, are active all three components of such a process: 1. Obtaining mother plants under the requirements of authenticity, quality, traceability, phytos

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4

Manhas, R. K., J. D. S. Negi, Rajesh Kumar, and P. S. Chauhan. "Temporal Assessment of Growing Stock, Biomass and Carbon Stock of Indian Forests." Climatic Change 74, no. 1-3 (2006): 191–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-9011-4.

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5

Haque, Md Sabbirul, Md Shahedul Amin, Jonayet Miah, Duc Minh Cao, and Ashiqul Haque Ahmed. "Boosting Stock Price Prediction with Anticipated Macro Policy Changes." Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studies 4, no. 3 (2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmss.2023.4.3.4.

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Prediction of stock prices plays a significant role in aiding the decision-making of investors. Considering its importance, a growing literature has emerged trying to forecast stock prices with improved accuracy. In this study, we introduce an innovative approach for forecasting stock prices with greater accuracy. We incorporate external economic environment-related information along with stock prices. In our novel approach, we improve the performance of stock price prediction by taking into account variations due to future expected macroeconomic policy changes as investors adjust their curren

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6

Pepliński, Benedykt. "REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN THE PIG POPULATION IN POLAND IN 1960-2015." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 3 (2017): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3253.

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The aim of the study was a regional analysis of changes in the population and stock of pigs in the years 1960-2015 at the voivodship level and in the years 1996-2010 at the district level. The analysis at the voivodship level was divided into two periods, which indicated the acceleration of polarization of the stock level in Poland. This is indicated by the growing share of voivodships and districts with the highest population and stock of pig in total population.

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7

Yan, Ziyi. "Case Analysis About Demand Changes of New Energy Vehicles and Its Stock Returns." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 41 (October 15, 2024): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/32xe1640.

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The industry for new energy vehicles (NEVs) has experienced giant growth which draws interest from investors, decision-makers, and scholars. This research examines the relationship between changes in market demand and the stock returns of NEV firms. The method we use is to take into account a number of variables including international relations, governmental regulations, and developments in related industries. This article investigates the cases of Tesla Inc. and NIO Inc. on the performance of NEV stocks by the following ideas: the impact of foreign relations, government policies, and shifts

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8

Schmid, J. M., S. A. Mata, and R. A. Schmidt. "Bark temperature patterns in mountain pine beetle susceptible stands of lodgepole pine in the central Rockies." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 11 (1992): 1669–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-220.

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Bark temperatures were recorded on five lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud.) in stands of different growing stock levels in Colorado and Wyoming. Mean bark temperatures were significantly different among growing stock levels. Temperatures in the partially cut growing stock levels were significantly warmer than in uncut controls during diurnal hours, but temperatures were cooler during nocturnal hours. Bark temperatures correlated with ambient air temperature. Equations were developed for predicting north- and south-side bark temperatures for partially cut stands of three growing stoc

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9

Jabłoński, Marek. "A comparison of two growing stock assessments by stratified sampling– how does accuracy of inventory affect our interpretation of the results." Forest Research Papers 74, no. 1 (2013): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2013-0003.

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Abstract Since 1967, when the Polish State Forests were first inventoried, a continuous increase in the volume of growing stock has been recorded. This increase in timber resources is mainly the result of sustainable forest management. However, during this time period inventory methods have been changed a few times and this may have affected the estimates of of wood resources. Since 2011 new instructions have been in place for forest management plans in the Polish State Forests. Despite this, the method of taking forest inventories remained consistent with the previous guidelines. This should

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10

Kraak, Sarah B. M., Stefanie Haase, Cóilín Minto, and Juan Santos. "The Rosa Lee phenomenon and its consequences for fisheries advice on changes in fishing mortality or gear selectivity." ICES Journal of Marine Science 76, no. 7 (2019): 2179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz107.

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Abstract When size-selective fishing removes faster-growing individuals at higher rates than slower-growing fish, the surviving populations will become dominated by slower-growing individuals. When this “Rosa Lee phenomenon” is ignored, bias may occur in catch and stock projections. In a length-and-age-based model we quantified the effects through simulations of a simplified fishery on a stock that resembles Western Baltic cod. We compared outcomes of runs with and without taking account of the Rosa Lee phenomenon in scenarios of changes in fishing mortality. We found that, when only fishing r

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11

Luan, VARDARI, and Bekim BERISHA Dr. "Balkan Countries Financial Markets Analysis and Economic Development Performance." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 5, no. 3 (2016): 53–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3463933.

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The fact of globalization, improvements in efficiency of intermediary services and activities, transactions that can be done in electronic environment and stocks that quoted on more than one stock exchange markets led to close integration process. These developments contribute to financial stability and growth. These developments have affected stock exchange markets in Balkan countries as well, and those countries tried to cope with globalized world. Recent developments and integration in Balkan countries had positive impact on this harmony. Moreover, financial integration leads to structural

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12

Lian, Pei Yong, and Zhi Gang Yan. "Study on the Changes of Seedling Biomass of Introduction Fast-Growing Poplar." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 3813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.3813.

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With the introduction of four poplar varieties as the research object, in the growth period, the density of 30cm × 40cm biomass of seedlings were studied. The biomass of different organs of different varieties at seedling stage in different periods of change process, it can be seen that different varieties of the same organ is not the same in different periods of change, To estimate the biomass of each type during different periods, it can play a guiding role on nursery stock production.

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13

Goldbergs, Grigorijs. "Comparison of Canopy Height Metrics from Airborne Laser Scanner and Aerial/Satellite Stereo Imagery to Assess the Growing Stock of Hemiboreal Forests." Remote Sensing 15, no. 6 (2023): 1688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15061688.

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This study compared the canopy height model (CHM) performance obtained from large-format airborne and very high-resolution satellite stereo imagery (VHRSI), with airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, for growing stock (stand volume) estimation in mature, dense Latvian hemiboreal forests. The study used growing stock data obtained by ALS-based individual tree detection as training/reference data for the image-based and ALS CHM height metrics-based growing stock estimators. The study only compared the growing stock species-specific area-based regression models which are based solely on tree/canopy

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14

Schmid, J. M., S. A. Mata, R. K. Watkins, and M. R. Kaufmann. "Water potential in ponderosa pine stands of different growing-stock levels." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 6 (1991): 750–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-107.

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Water potential was measured in five ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Laws.) in each of four stands of different growing-stock levels at two locations in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Mean water potentials at dawn and midday varied significantly among growing-stock levels at one location, but differences were not consistent. Mean dawn and midday water potentials within growing-stock levels significantly decreased during the summer but showed minor increases during the overall decline. Stress levels were considered high enough to influence physiological functioning and, therefore, influence su

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15

Eikeset, Anne Maria, Erin S. Dunlop, Mikko Heino, Geir Storvik, Nils C. Stenseth, and Ulf Dieckmann. "Roles of density-dependent growth and life history evolution in accounting for fisheries-induced trait changes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 52 (2016): 15030–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525749113.

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The relative roles of density dependence and life history evolution in contributing to rapid fisheries-induced trait changes remain debated. In the 1930s, northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua), currently the world’s largest cod stock, experienced a shift from a traditional spawning-ground fishery to an industrial trawl fishery with elevated exploitation in the stock’s feeding grounds. Since then, age and length at maturation have declined dramatically, a trend paralleled in other exploited stocks worldwide. These trends can be explained by demographic truncation of the population’s age structure

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16

Arnott, J. T., and A. N. Burdett. "Early growth of planted western hemlock in relation to stock type and controlled-release fertilizer application." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 6 (1988): 710–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-108.

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Four types of western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) nursery stock, differing in size, morphology, and root growth capacity were planted on a clear-cut forest site on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The stock types were: (i) 1-year-old, plug-rooted seedlings raised in 36-cm3 containers; (ii) as (i) but transplanted to a bareroot nursery for 1 year; (iii) 1-year-old, bareroot seedlings raised in 1000-cm3 containers; (iv) as (iii) but raised in containers coated on the inside with copper paint to inhibit lateral root elongation upon contact with the container wall. Survival and gro

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17

Chandu, Venkateswarlu, Archi Agarwal, Tummala Likitha, Bindu Sri Datla, and Rubi Shagufta. "Prediction ARIMA Model-based Investor’s Perception on Stock Market Apps." Journal of Sensors, IoT & Health Sciences 2, no. 4 (2024): 56–68. https://doi.org/10.69996/jsihs.2024021.

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The advent of stock trading apps has revolutionized the landscape of stock market participation, particularly among retail investors. This study investigates the impact of stock trading apps on the behaviour of retail investors in the stock market, the impact of social media In growing importance of online trading app and the opportunities for budding investors that the growth of stock market apps has brought with itself. Our findings indicate the changes brought in the economy through mobile trading apps and how it has significantly contributed to FinTech not just economically but also financ

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18

Schmid, J. M., S. A. Mata, and R. A. Schmidt. "Bark temperature patterns in ponderosa pine stands and their possible effects on mountain pine beetle behavior." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 10 (1991): 1439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-203.

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Bark temperatures on the north and south sides of five ponderosa pines (Pinusponderosa Laws.) in each of four growing stock levels in two areas in the Black Hills of South Dakota were monitored periodically from May through August 1989. Temperatures were significantly different among growing stock levels and between sides of the tree. The magnitude of differences between the mean bark temperatures in partially cut stands and uncut controls was inversely related to stocking level. Maximum differences in mean bark temperatures among the growing stock levels occurred between 10:00 and 14:00, when

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19

Kupka, I. "The root-plant ratio changes in the first growing periods of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) plantations." Journal of Forest Science 53, No. 3 (2008): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2147-jfs.

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The root-plant ratio is one of the important parameters for planting stock quality. We suppose that the ratio is one of the driving variables for the growth performance of new plantation in the forest. The study summarises data on the volume of major parts of 4 years old wild cherry trees. An allometric analysis of different parts of plants in relation to the growth performance of wild cherry trees was done. The results show a close positive relationship between the volume of the whole root system and aboveground biomass. The same is true of the fine root proportion in the root system. Data al

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20

Zhang, Junhan. "Application of Value Investing and Market Strategy Analysis in ORCL, ADBE, CRM, PANW and MSFT." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 15, no. 1 (2023): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/15/20230932.

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Technology, a new star rising, changes peoples lives dramatically through continuous innovation and support from all areas of society. Technology companies undoubtedly become the major storm of the stock market. The findings of this study aim to help stakeholders invest in a stock with good future prospects and the most significant potential to earn money through tons of technology stocks in the market. The methodologies that are applied in this research include P/E ratio, growth rates, and profitability ratios. All the methods help analyze which stock is better than the others from a comprehe

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21

Hong, M. –G, and C. Kim. "STANDWISE CHANGE DETECTION FOR GROWING STOCK USING REPEAT-PASS ALOS PALSAR / PALSAR-2 DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 22, 2016): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b7-841-2016.

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This study demonstrates the possibility of detecting the changes of growing stocks in mountainous forest stands derived from ALOS PALSAR and PALSAR-2 images. The ALOS PALSAR were obtained over the Kwangneung Experiment Forest (KEF, Korea) during the period of nineteen and a half months from the April 26, 2009 to December 12, 2010, whereas the PALSAR-2 data were acquired on the April 7, 2015. The KEF test site comprises 58 stands, which cover approximately 1,000ha and have steep slope topography. Owing to topographic effects of SAR data in mountainous areas, the DEM-assisted topographic normali

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22

Luppold, William G., and Paul E. Sendak. "Analysis of the Interaction Between Timber Markets and the Forest Resources of Maine." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 21, no. 3 (2004): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/21.3.135.

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Abstract The abundant timber resources of Maine are critical to the State's timber economy; thus, when the 1995 forest inventory indicated a 20% decline in softwood growing stock, there was great concern by industry and government. Furthermore, declining near-term softwood growing stock levels were forecast. To better understand what was occurring in Maine's forest, we examined changes in composition and evaluated the relative impacts of harvesting versus growth and mortality. Much of the decline in spruce-fir inventory can be attributed to the budworm infestation of the 1970s and 1980s, altho

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23

J. Wilkinson, Sara. "Office building adaptation and the growing significance of environmental attributes." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 16, no. 4 (2014): 252–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-06-2014-0014.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigated the importance of environmental attributes for office building adaptation and whether the importance of environmental attributes for adaptation has changed over time from 1998-2008 to 2009-2011. With 1-2 per cent added to the total stock of buildings each year and the need to take action to mitigate the impacts of predicted climate change (IPCC, 2013), it is necessary to focus efforts on adaptation of existing buildings. Design/methodology/approach – This research adopted a quantitative approach, using a database of office building attrib

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24

Arash Tashakkori, Niloufar Erfanibehrouz, Shahin Mirshekari, Abolfazl Sodagartojgi, and Vatsal Gupta. "Enhancing stock market prediction accuracy with recurrent deep learning models: A case study on the CAC40 index." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 1 (2024): 2309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.1.2156.

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This paper explores the application of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for stock price prediction over a 10-day horizon. The study aims to compare the predictive performance of these two deep learning architectures within the context of financial forecasting. Utilizing historical stock data from the CAC40 dataset, which represents a capitalization-weighted measure of the 40 most significant stocks on the Euronext Paris, we train and evaluate RNN and LSTM models to forecast future stock prices. Our results demonstrate the superior performance of LSTM

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25

Arash, Tashakkori, Erfanibehrouz Niloufar, Mirshekari Shahin, Sodagartojgi Abolfazl, and Gupta Vatsal. "Enhancing stock market prediction accuracy with recurrent deep learning models: A case study on the CAC40 index." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 1 (2024): 2309–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14810580.

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This paper explores the application of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for stock price prediction over a 10-day horizon. The study aims to compare the predictive performance of these two deep learning architectures within the context of financial forecasting. Utilizing historical stock data from the CAC40 dataset, which represents a capitalization-weighted measure of the 40 most significant stocks on the Euronext Paris, we train and evaluate RNN and LSTM models to forecast future stock prices. Our results demonstrate the superior performance of LSTM

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26

Hollaus, M., W. Wagner, K. Schadauer, B. Maier, and K. Gabler. "Growing stock estimation for alpine forests in Austria: a robust lidar-based approach." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39, no. 7 (2009): 1387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x09-042.

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The overall goal of this study was to describe a novel area-based semiempirical model for estimating growing stock from small-footprint light detection and ranging (lidar) data. The model assumes a linear relationship between growing stock and lidar-derived canopy volume that is stratified according to several canopy height classes to account for height dependent differences in canopy structure and nonlinear tree size-shape relationships. It was applied over a 128 km2 alpine area in Austria where operational forest inventory data and lidar data acquired in winter and summer were available. The

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27

Galanov, V. A., and A. V. Galanova. "Stock Market Laws." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 20, no. 1 (2023): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2023-1-94-100.

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Stock market is seen as a sum total of different happenings, especially if we speak about share price. However, share price, as any other economic phenomenon is a combination of chance and law. Occasional nature of share price is evident in its everyday trading. In this case law is hidden under the opportunity to forecast share prices. For longterm periods law-governed nature of share price can be seen in its trend to growth, which can be accompanied by stock crises. The stock crisis in all its worth, as an even and as a process of share price drop is also a stock market law similar to a trend

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Lombardi, F., M. Chiesi, F. Maselli, et al. "Mapping the accumulation of woody biomass in Mediterranean beech forests by the combination of BIOME-BGC and ancillary data." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 46, no. 9 (2016): 1122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0162.

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A modelling strategy is proposed to obtain spatially explicit estimates of net carbon accumulation in Italian beech forests. This approach is based on the use of a biogeochemical model, BIOME-BGC, which is capable of simulating all main processes of ecosystems in quasi-equilibrium conditions. The model predictions are then corrected for actual forest biomass (growing stock volume) and stand age. The method is applied to predict the current annual increment (CAI) of 30 beech forest stands in Molise, Central Italy, which have been sampled during several measurement campaigns. A preliminary test

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29

Krausmann, Fridolin, Dominik Wiedenhofer, and Helmut Haberl. "Growing stocks of buildings, infrastructures and machinery as key challenge for compliance with climate targets." Global Environmental Change 61 (January 31, 2020): 102034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102034.

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Drastic reductions of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions are required to meet the goal of the 2015 Paris climate accord to limit global warming to 1.5–2.0 °C over pre-industrial levels. We introduce the material stock-flow framework as a novel way to develop scenarios for future GHG emissions using methods from social metabolism research. The basic assumption behind our exploratory scenario approach is that nearly all final energy is required to either expand and maintain stocks of buildings, infrastructures and machinery or to provide services by using them. Distinguishing three country

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Hong, M. –G, and C. Kim. "STANDWISE CHANGE DETECTION FOR GROWING STOCK USING REPEAT-PASS ALOS PALSAR / PALSAR-2 DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 22, 2016): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-841-2016.

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This study demonstrates the possibility of detecting the changes of growing stocks in mountainous forest stands derived from ALOS PALSAR and PALSAR-2 images. The ALOS PALSAR were obtained over the Kwangneung Experiment Forest (KEF, Korea) during the period of nineteen and a half months from the April 26, 2009 to December 12, 2010, whereas the PALSAR-2 data were acquired on the April 7, 2015. The KEF test site comprises 58 stands, which cover approximately 1,000ha and have steep slope topography. Owing to topographic effects of SAR data in mountainous areas, the DEM-assisted topographic normali

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31

Herich, Ivan. "Analýza aktuálneho zvyšovania produkcie Lesov SR na základe údajov LHP." Forestry Journal 59, no. 2 (2013): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0025.

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Abstract This paper is based on results from assessment of the production characteristics development in sampling sets of forest management plans with the same date of validity and the validity period. Database is generated by basis sets of forest management plans valid from 1983. The aim of the analysis is to quantify and compare the development of production characteristics of the prevailing tree species in time levels and to quantify the impact of increasing growing stock. We have analysed the variables of the main crop: mean height, mean diameter, absolute yield class, current annual incre

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32

Kulbokas, Gintaras, Vaiva Jurevičienė, Andrius Kuliešis, et al. "Fluctuations in gross volume increment estimated by the Lithuanian National Forest Inventory compared with annual variations in single tree increment." BALTIC FORESTRY 25, no. 2 (2019): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46490/vol25iss2pp273.

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There are significant inter-annual fluctuations of growing stock volume changes of living trees estimated by the Lithuanian National Forest Inventory (NFI). In the current study, we compared two sources of information on forest productivity: conventional NFI data and dendrochronological data based on tree cores collected in parallel with the measurements of the fourth Lithuanian NFI cycle during 2013–2017 on the same permanent plots (total number of cores was 4967). The main finding is that the dendrochronological basal area increment data confirmed the depression of gross stand volume increme

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Vilén, T., E. Cienciala, M. J. Schelhaas, P. J. Verkerk, M. Lindner, and H. Peltola. "Increasing carbon sinks in European forests: effects of afforestation and changes in mean growing stock volume." Forestry 89, no. 1 (2015): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpv034.

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Luppold, William G., and Matthew S. Bumgardner. "Structural Changes in the Growing Stock of Important Tree Species Groups in the Central Hardwood Region." Journal of Forestry 116, no. 5 (2018): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvy028.

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35

Belan, Larisa, Azamat Suleymanov, Ekaterina Bogdan, et al. "Assessing and Mapping Changes in Forest Growing Stock Volume over Time in Bashkiriya Nature Reserve, Russia." Forests 14, no. 11 (2023): 2251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14112251.

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There is growing recognition that forest ecosystems are a key component in the global carbon cycle, and there is a clear demand for their study. This research is a comparative analysis of forest growing stock volume (GSV) and determination of annual growth in Bashkiriya Nature Reserve (Russia) for 1979 and 2015 using 8395 and 8405 observation plots, respectively. Also, we evaluated the spatial distribution and produced digital maps of the species and their GSV for each year. The results showed that pine and birch were the dominant species (60.5 and 24.8% of the area in 2015, respectively) and

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McKenney, Dan, John Pedlar, and Greg O’Neill. "Climate change and forest seed zones: Past trends, future prospects and challenges to ponder." Forestry Chronicle 85, no. 2 (2009): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc85258-2.

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Canada regenerates more than 400 000 ha of forest land annually through planting and seeding operations. Much of the stock for this effort is selected to be climatically suited to the planting site—a match that is often facilitated through the development of seed zones. However, if climate change proceeds as predicted, stock that is well matched under current climate will be growing in sub-optimal conditions within the next 20 to 50 years—in some parts of the country, trees may already be growing outside their optimal climates. To provide a sense of the magnitude of these changes, we present p

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Amadori, Maria Chiara, Lamia Bekkour, and Thorsten Lehnert. "The relative informational efficiency of stocks, options and credit default swaps during the financial crisis." Journal of Risk Finance 15, no. 5 (2014): 510–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-04-2014-0044.

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Purpose – This paper aims to investigate informational efficiency of stock, options and credit default swap (CDS) markets. Previous research suggests that informed traders prefer equity option and CDS markets over stock markets to exploit their informational advantage. As a result, equity and credit derivative markets contribute more to price discovery compared to stock markets. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the authors investigate the dynamics behind informed investors’ trading decisions in European stock, options and CDS markets. This allows to identify the predictive explanat

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Pavlović, Branka, Vlado Čokeša, Ljubinko Rakonjac, et al. "Changes in the forest growing stock of the Timok forest area following the ice storm in winter 2014/2015." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 87-88 (2023): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor2388137p.

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In the winter of 2014/2015, extremely cold air masses penetrated from the east and the Carpathians into a large part of eastern Serbia and formed extensive ice layers on infrastructure facilities and forest trees. Forest trees could not withstand large amounts of ice (up to several tons per tree), resulting in widespread ice breaks and ice throws. Extensive damage occurred in the Timok, Morava, Severni Kučaj, Rasina, and Južni Kučaj Forest Areas. In certain parts of the Timok Forest Area, the damage to forest ecosystems was catastrophic and required clear-cutting of large areas. This research

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Henttonen, Helena M., Pekka Nöjd, Susanne Suvanto, Juha Heikkinen, and Harri Mäkinen. "Size-class structure of the forests of Finland during 1921–2013: a recovery from centuries of exploitation, guided by forest policies." European Journal of Forest Research 139, no. 2 (2019): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01241-y.

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AbstractFrequency distributions of tree diameters are a powerful tool for analyzing changes of tree populations in large areas. We analyzed the densities and mean volume estimates of trees in different size classes for the Finnish forests over the time-span of the National Forest Inventories (1921–2013). The results display a general increase in trees in all size classes, species group and geographical area, mainly after the 1970s. The densities of medium- and large-sized conifers showed large increases in the southern boreal subzone, spruces even more than pines. Small- to medium-sized pines

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Bian, Yiying. "Chinese Stock Market: Problems and Solutions." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 147, no. 1 (2025): 201–6. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2024.ga19621.

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This research is based on Chinas current stock market, which serves as an important part of the world's second-largest economy. Although the market has made excellent changes, Chinas stock still faces quite a few challenges including but not limited to asymmetric information, excessive individual investors and incomplete delisting policy. This research collects data on Chinas stock market in different years and makes comparisons of data over time and with other countries. This research initially outlines the main problems that Chinas stock market faces. The study then explores a variety of str

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Kasongwa, Lusekelo, and Ellinami Minja. "Moderating Effects of Oil Price on the Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Stock Market Performance." Business Management Review 25, no. 1 (2022): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/bmrj.v25i1.5.

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This study makes examination of the moderating effects of oil price on the impact of inflation, exchange rate and interest rate variables on stock market performance as proxied by the Tanzania All Share Index. It uses monthly time series from January 2009 to December 2019. The model capturing the direct impact of the macroeconomic factors on the index of stock market shows that exchange rate and interest rate exert positive and significant impact on the stock market performance, while, inflation has negative and significant effects on the stock market performance. The moderating effect model s

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Nicollete, Nyamadzawo. "The Impact of Changes in Interest Rates on Zambian Stock Prices in Zambia." International Journal of Novel Research in Marketing Management and Economics 11, no. 3 (2024): 82–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14191123.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This paper’s primary objective was to examine how interest rate volatility affects stock in Zambia. The study examined monthly data from the Lusaka Securities Exchange (LuSE) over the 2000–2023 time period. Procedural tests, such as stationarity, integration, autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity were done before conducting the ARDL model. The study’s findings demonstrated that stock prices in Zambia were directly impacted by fluctuating interest rates. Stock prices decreased when interest rates rise and vice versa. According to

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Trisanti, Theresia. "Income smoothing practices and empirical testing using discretionary accounting changes." Journal of Economics, Business, & Accountancy Ventura 17, no. 1 (2014): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v17i1.271.

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Financial statements of listed firms are analyzed by financial analysts and investors. In this case, the firms may suffer from stock price declines if they do not meet market expectations. Listed firms may not only have incentives to avoid income declines and losses, they also have incentives to meet or beat market expectations in order to pre- vent declines in stock price. Income smoothing (IS) is the intentional dampening of fluctuations about some levels of income that is considered to be normal for a firm. IS manipulation has a clear objective, which is to produce a steadily growing stream

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Shaik, Muneer, Abhishek Sahjwani, and Kesava Sai Krishna Kondepudi. "Forecasting ASEAN-5 Stock Index Price Movement Using Machine Learning Techniques." Journal of Prediction Markets 18, no. 1 (2024): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/jpm.v18i1.2119.

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This research investigates the effectiveness of various machine learning models, including Random Forest, Neural Networks, Adaboost, Discriminant Analysis, Logit Model, Support Vectors, and Kernel Factory. The study aims to forecast fluctuations in the ASEAN-5 stock index prices within an eleven-year period. The study provides useful information about how well machine learning techniques can predict changes in the stock market, with potential implications for both academic researchers and market participants. The findings imply that Adaboost consistently outperforms all others in predicting pr

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Ruhani, Fatima, Md Aminul Islam Islam, and Tunku Salha Tunku Ahmad. "Theories Explaining Stock Price Behavior: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance Research 2, no. 2 (2018): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/ijibfr.v2i2.215.

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Estimation of stock price behavior is important for several reasons and for different stakeholders in the market. Many studies are trying to put forward theories to explain this phenomenon and more still have tried to use these theories in order to predict future changes in prices. The growing linkages of national markets in currency, commodity and stock with world markets and the existence of common players, have given stock price behavior a new property – that of its speedy transmissibility across markets. The present study aims to review the existing literature of the theories explaining st

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Rathi, Miss. Komal Kedar, and Dr. D. N. Padole. "A Study of the Reasons for Fluctuations in Stock Market Investment in India." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 5, no. 27 (2024): 116–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13860752.

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This study explores the factors that cause stock market fluctuations in India, a rapidly growing economy with one of the world's most vibrant stock markets. It focuses on economic indicators like GDP growth rates, inflation, interest rates, and currency fluctuations, as well as investor sentiment, media coverage, market rumors, and psychological factors. The study also examines the influence of government policies, including fiscal policies, regulatory changes, and monetary policies enacted by the Reserve Bank of India. Global market trends, such as geopolitical events, economic shifts, and in

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Santos, Juscelina Arcanjo dos, Anselmo de Deus dos Santos, Camila Rodrigues Costa, et al. "Fractions of Organic Matter and Soil Carbon Balance in Different Phases of an Agroforestry System in the Cerrado: A Ten-Year Field Assessment." Soil Systems 8, no. 2 (2024): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems8020044.

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Integrated production systems composed of trees, crops and pastures have shown good results in improving soil quality and the capacity to store carbon in the soil, being efficient in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Despite this, changes in carbon stocks and soil organic matter fractions in the initial stages of implementing an agroforestry system remain unclear. This study evaluated the carbon balance and the dynamics of soil organic matter fractions in an agroforestry system conducted over a decade. Total carbon, labile carbon, carbon from particulate organic matter, organic carbon assoc

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Neldy, Muthia Rizka, and Paidi. "Moderating Effects of Exchange Rates in the US-China Context: A Study on Manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI), Stock Indices, and Crude Oil Price." European Journal of Business and Management Research 10, no. 2 (2025): 95–102. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2025.10.2.2374.

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This study investigates how Purchasing Managers' Indices (PMI) from the US and China, along with US stock indices, influence crude oil prices. It specifically examines the moderating effects of US and Chinese exchange rates on these relationships. Using data from January 2016 to December 2023 and regression analysis, the result show that US PMI, Chinese PMI, and US stock indices significantly impact oil prices. Interestingly, the US exchange rate moderates the impact of US PMI more, while the Chinese exchange rate moderates the impact of Chinese PMI and US stock indices on oil prices. This sug

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Kalt, Gerald. "Greenhouse gas implications of mobilizing agricultural biomass for energy: a reassessment of global potentials in 2050 under different food-system pathways." Environmental Research Letters 15, no. 3 (2018): 34066. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab6c2e.

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Wooden construction elements often exhibit lower life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than conventional counterparts (‘material substitution effect’). Moreover, the building stock represents a carbon (C) sink if timber inflows (construction) surpass outflows (demolition) (‘Cstock effect’). A dynamic stock model incorporating these effects is applied to quantify potential climate benefits of wood construction in Austria’s residential building sector. If present trends are maintained, culminating in a wood construction share (WCS) of 50% during 2050-2100, build

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Kalt, Gerald. "Carbon dynamics and GHG implications of increasing wood construction: long-term scenarios for residential buildings in Austria." Carbon Management 9, no. 3 (2018): 265–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2018.1469948.

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Wooden construction elements often exhibit lower life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than conventional counterparts (‘material substitution effect’). Moreover, the building stock represents a carbon (C) sink if timber inflows (construction) surpass outflows (demolition) (‘Cstock effect’). A dynamic stock model incorporating these effects is applied to quantify potential climate benefits of wood construction in Austria’s residential building sector. If present trends are maintained, culminating in a wood construction share (WCS) of 50% during 2050-2

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