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Journal articles on the topic 'Chaoboridae'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Szadziewski, Ryszard, and Wojciech Giłka. "Gedanoborus kerneggeri, gen. et sp. nov. (Diptera: Chaoboridae) from Eocene Baltic amber." Insect Systematics & Evolution 38, no. 2 (2007): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631207794760976.

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AbstractNew genus and new species Gedanoborus kerneggeri from Eocene Baltic amber is described and illustrated. Its systematic position is discussed. The new genus together with fossil Taimyborus Lukashevich, 1999 form sister groups of extant subfamilies Chaoborinae + Eucorethrinae. Tertiary genus Eochaoborites Hong, 2002 is excluded from the Chaoboridae and transferred to Psychodidae. A key for the identification of phantom midges from Baltic amber is provided.

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2

Colless, DH. "The Australian Chaoboridae (Diptera)." Australian Journal of Zoology Supplementary Series 34, no. 124 (1986): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ajzs124.

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3

Borkent, Art, Christopher J. Borkent, and Bradley J. Sinclair. "The male genital tract of Chaoboridae (Diptera: Culicomorpha)." Canadian Entomologist 140, no. 6 (December 2008): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n08-048.

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AbstractThe male genital tract of Chaoboridae, represented by Eucorethra underwoodi Underwood, Mochlonyx velutinus (Ruthe), and Chaoborus trivittatus (Loew), is described for the first time. All genera have paired accessory glands that are attached anteriorly to the vasa deferentia or the base of the testes, a feature that is proposed as a synapomorphy of Chaoboridae + Culicidae. Mochlonyx Loew and Chaoborus Lichenstein have distinctive pigment cells covering their testes and a portion of the vasa deferentia. The simplified male genital tract of Corethrellidae + Chaoboridae + Culicidae is correlated with the virtually unique abrupt and permanent 180° rotation of the male genitalia between segments 7 and 8. In taxa with an accessory-gland complex, the male genitalia are rotated in a more gradual manner, often during copulation.

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4

Sæether, Ole A. "Redescription ofCryophila lapponicaBergroth (Diptera: Chaoboridae) and the Phylogenetic relationship of the Chaoborid genera." Aquatic Insects 14, no. 1 (January 1992): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650429209361455.

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5

Ogawa, Joshua R., and Darlene D. Judd. "Chaoborus sampsera n. sp., a new chaoborid (Diptera: Culicomorpha: Chaoboridae) from Papua Province, Indonesia." Canadian Entomologist 140, no. 3 (June 2008): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n08-003.

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AbstractA new species, Chaoborus sampsera, is described from male and female adults collected from Papua Province in western New Guinea, Indonesia. Based on leg banding, wing pigmentation, and possession of a median paramere sclerite in males, the new species belongs to the Chaoborus “pallidus” group of Colless. Chaoborus sampsera is distinguished from other species of the “pallidus” group by the scimitar-shaped parameres. Although relationships among these Chaoborus species are unclear, there are morphological characters that support the “pallidus” group.

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6

Kvifte, G. M., and T. Andersen. "New Records of AfrotropicalChaoborusLichtenstein, 1800 (Diptera: Chaoboridae)." African Entomology 26, no. 1 (March 2018): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.026.0150.

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7

Molozzi, Joseline, Juliana S. França, Thiago L. A. Araujo, Tales H. Viana, Robert M. Hughes, and Marcos Callisto. "Diversidade de habitats físicos e sua relação com macroinvertebrados bentônicos em reservatórios urbanos em Minas Gerais." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 101, no. 3 (September 2011): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212011000200006.

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Foram avaliados os efeitos da estrutura física de habitats em comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em três reservatórios: Serra Azul (SA), Vargem das Flores (FV) e Ibirité (IB). Mensurações de variáveis físicas e químicas e comunidade bentônica foram realizadas em 30 estações de amostragem em cada reservatório. Em SA, foram coletados 12 táxons com predomínio de Melanoides tuberculatus Müller, 1774 (15,2%) e Chaoboridae (63,8%). Em VF foram coletados 11 táxons sendo M. tuberculatus (34,2%) e Oligochaeta (33,6%) os dominantes. Em IB foram coletados 7 táxons com domínio de M. tuberculatus (91,2%) e Chaoboridae (6,27%). Em Serra Azul foi observada influência significativa do sub-bosque arbustivo e do ângulo de inclinação do barranco. Nos reservatórios de Ibirité e Vargem das Flores as variáveis significativas foram cobertura do solo, influência humana e macrófitas aquáticas. Concluímos que as ações humanas reduzem a cobertura da vegetação terrestre e a complexidade de habitats físicos na região litorâneos dos reservatórios, levando a uma redução na qualidade de água. Essas mudanças, por sua vez, reduzem a riqueza taxonômica dos macroinvertebrados bentônicos.

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8

Borkent, Art. "A world catalogue of fossil and extant Corethrellidae and Chaoboridae (Diptera), with a listing of references to keys, bionomic information and descriptions of each known life stage." Insect Systematics & Evolution 24, no. 1 (1993): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631293x00019.

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AbstractBorkent, A.: A world catalogue of fossil and extant Corethrellidae and Chaoboridae (Diptera), with a listing of references to keys, bionomic information and descriptions of each known life stage. Ent. scand. 24: 1-24. Copenhagen, Denmark. April 1993. ISSN 0013-8711. A world list of species of fossil and extant Corethrellidae and Chaoboridae provides a catalogue of all valid names and their synonyms, original author, type-locality, type status and depository, distribution and the citation of authors who give the latest descriptions of the male adult, female adult, pupal, larval and egg stage. References to the most recent keys, descriptions, and bionomic information for each genus are also listed. A synopsis is given of the current state of systematic progress in each family. Nomenclatorial problems are also discussed. Sayomyia lanei Belkin, Heinemann & Page is a new junior synonym of Chaoborus braziliensis (Theobald), and Chaoborus annulatus Cook is recognized as a new junior synonym of C. festivus Dyar & Shannon. Corethrella kerrvillensis (Stone), Corethrella manaosensis (Lane & Cerqueira), and Chaoborus boliviensis (Lane & Heredia) are recognized as new combinations.

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9

Melzer, Roland R., and Hannes F. Paulus. "Morphology of the visual system ofChaoborus crystallinus (Diptera, Chaoboridae)." Zoomorphology 110, no. 4 (July 1991): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01633007.

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10

Cuthbert, Ross N., Amanda Callaghan, and Jaimie T. A. Dick. "Differential Interaction Strengths and Prey Preferences Across Larval Mosquito Ontogeny by a Cohabiting Predatory Midge." Journal of Medical Entomology 56, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 1428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz059.

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Abstract Understandings of natural enemy efficacy are reliant on robust quantifications of interaction strengths under context-dependencies. For medically important mosquitoes, rapid growth during aquatic larval stages could impede natural enemy impacts through size refuge effects. The identification of biocontrol agents which are unimpeded by ontogenic size variability of prey is therefore vital. We use functional response and prey preference experiments to examine the interaction strengths and selectivity traits of larvae of the cohabiting predatory midge Chaoborus flavicans (Meigen 1830) (Diptera: Chaoboridae) towards larval stages of the Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito complex. Moreover, we examine the influence of search area variation on selectivity traits, given its importance in consumer-resource interactions. Chaoborids were able to capture and consume mosquito prey across their larval ontogeny. When prey types were available individually, a destabilizing Type II functional response was exhibited towards late instar mosquito prey, whereas a more stabilizing Type III functional response was displayed towards early instars. Accordingly, search efficiencies were lowest towards early instar prey, whereas, conversely, maximum feeding rates were highest towards this smaller prey type. However, when the prey types were present simultaneously, C. flavicans exhibited a significant positive preference for late instar prey, irrespective of water volume. Our results identify larval chaoborids as efficacious natural enemies of mosquito prey, with which they frequently coexist in aquatic environments. In particular, an ability to prey on mosquitoes across their larval stages, coupled with a preference for late instar prey, could enable high population-level offtake rates and negate compensatory reductions in intraspecific competition through size refuge.

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11

Miyagi, I., T. Toma, Y. Higa, T. Okazawa, and H. Sasaki. "Culicid and Chaoborid flies (Diptera: Culicidae and Chaoboridae) attracted to a CDC miniature frog call trap at Iriomote Island, Okinawa." Medical Entomology and Zoology 56, Supplement (2005): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.56.45_2.

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12

Sweetman, Jon N., and John P. Smol. "Reconstructing fish populations using Chaoborus (Diptera: Chaoboridae) remains – a review." Quaternary Science Reviews 25, no. 15-16 (August 2006): 2013–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.01.007.

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13

ARCIFA, M. S. "Feeding habits of Chaoboridae larvae in a tropical Brazilian reservoir." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 60, no. 4 (November 2000): 591–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082000000400008.

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The diet of the four larval instars of a Chaoboridae species of Lake Monte Alegre, was evaluated through the analysis of the crop content of individuals caught at night in the lake. Peridinium and zooflagellates were the major components of the diet of instars I and II, whereas microcrustaceans, especially the cladoceran Bosmina, were most important for late instars. When the preferential prey decreased, in the course of the year, the diet was more diversified, increasing the ingestion of Peridinium by instars III and IV. There is a relationship between the mouth diameter of the larvae and the maximum width, height, or diameter of the ingested organisms.

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14

BORKENT, ART. "World catalog of extant and fossil Chaoboridae (Diptera)." Zootaxa 3796, no. 3 (May 20, 2014): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3796.3.4.

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15

Pereira, Jardely de Oliveira, Maralina Torres da Silva, Lisandro Juno Soares Vieira, and Rosemara Fugi. "Effects of flood regime on the diet of Triportheus curtus (Garman, 1890) in an Amazonian floodplain lake." Neotropical Ichthyology 9, no. 3 (September 2, 2011): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252011005000029.

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We analyzed the diet of Triportheus curtus in Lake Amapá on the Acre River (AC - Brazil), during three distinct phases of the hydrological cycle (pre-flooding, flooding, and post-flooding stages). The flooding occurred between January and June of 2009. Samples were collected monthly from October 2008 through September 2009. After collection (at 19:00, 01:00, 07:00, and 13:00 hs) and taxonomic identification, fish were eviscerated and their stomachs preserved in a 4% formalin solution for later analysis. The diet was evaluated by the Index of Relative Importance (IRI), and temporal variations (pre-flooding, flooding, and post-flooding) in the diet were summarized by an ordination technique (DCA). The diet of T. curtus was comprised of several orders of insects and microcrustaceans. In the pre-flooding stage, more than 62% of the diet consisted of Ostracoda. In the flooding phase, T. curtus fed mainly on Chaoboridae larvae (Diptera) (44.3%) and terrestrial insects (fragments) (33.7%). In the post-flooding phase, Chaoboridae comprised 80% of the diet. These results indicate that the utilization of food resources by T. curtus was variable, changing with alterations in the availability of resources, as influenced by the hydrological cycle. The population of T. curtus proved to be opportunistic, changing its diet in the course of the hydrological cycle.

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16

Woodward, David L., Thomas J. Zavortink, Jamesina J. Scott, and Arthur E. Colwell. "A new southern limit along the Pacific Rim of North America for Mochlonyx cinctipes (Diptera: Chaoboridae), Eucorethra underwoodi (Diptera: Chaoboridae) and Aedes fitchii (Diptera: Culicidae)." Pan-Pacific Entomologist 86, no. 2 (April 13, 2010): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3956/2009-33.1.

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17

McLaughlin, R. E. "Predation Rate of Larval Corethrella brakeleyi (Diptera: Chaoboridae) on Mosquito Larvae." Florida Entomologist 73, no. 1 (March 1990): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3495338.

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18

Zivic, Ivana, and Z. Markovic. "First finding of larvae of Chaoborus crystallinus (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in Serbia." Archives of Biological Sciences 58, no. 3 (2006): 23P—24P. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0603001z.

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19

Johnston, John E., and Art Borkent. "Chaoborus Lichtenstein (Diptera: Chaoboridae) pupae from the middle Eocene of Mississippi." Journal of Paleontology 72, no. 3 (May 1998): 491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000024252.

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Pupae of the nonbiting midge Chaoborus are reported from the middle Eocene (Claibornian) Tallahatta Formation in Benton County, Mississippi. These pupae are placed within the genus Chaoborus because the shape of the respiratory organs, length of the abdomen, and shape of the anal paddles closely resemble other species of this extant genus. This occurrence represents the oldest record of Chaoborus pupae and the first record of fossil Chaoborus from North America. The flora and fauna found associated with the fossil pupae along with the known habitats of extant Chaoborus pupae indicate a lentic environment. This interpretation corresponds to the depositional environment of similar Eocene-aged clay deposits in western Tennessee.

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20

Mitchell, S. A. "OBSERVATIONS ON THE DISTRIBUTION, EMERGENCE AND BEHAVIOUR OF CENTRAL AFRICAN CHAOBORIDAE." Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa 14, no. 2 (January 1988): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03779688.1988.9632845.

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21

Sanful, P. O., E. Frempong, S. Aikins, R. I. Hall, and R. E. Hecky. "Secondary production of Chaoborus ceratopogones (Diptera: Chaoboridae) in Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana." Aquatic Insects 34, no. 2 (June 2012): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650424.2012.718083.

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22

Turlington, L. W., D. L. Woodward, and A. E. Colwell. "Pathogenesis of Tolypocladium cylindrosporum (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) in Chaoborus astictopus (Diptera: Chaoboridae)." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 55, no. 1 (January 1990): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2011(90)90042-5.

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23

Horppila, Jukka, Anne Liljendahl-Nurminen, and Tommi Malinen. "Effects of clay turbidity and light on the predatorprey interaction between smelts and chaoborids." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 1862–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-123.

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The effects of clay turbidity and light on the predatorprey interaction between planktivorous smelts (Osmerus eperlanus) and phantom midge (Chaoborus flavicans) larvae were studied by means of laboratory experiments. Irrespective of light intensity, fish-mediated mortality of chaoborid larvae was highest at intermediate turbidity (20 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)). Increases in light intensity enhanced the feeding rate of smelts at very low light intensities. A regression model describing the dependence of smelt-mediated mortality of chaoborids on light intensity and turbidity was fitted to the data. The model suggested that turbidity exceeding 30 NTU combined with light intensity below 0.1 µE·m2·s1 provides an efficient daytime refuge for chaoborids even in the presence of planktivorous smelts. In the field studies, the depth distribution of chaoborids followed the predictions of the model. The depth at which chaoborid density was highest depended on the existence and location of the thermocline, the densest swarms occurring beneath the turbidity maximum in the metalimnion. The smelts occupied water layers above the chaoborids, suggesting that the chaoborids used the steep turbidity gradient in the thermocline as a shelter against predation.

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24

Shimabukuro, Erika Mayumi, and Raoul Henry. "Controlling factors of benthic macroinvertebrates distribution in a small tropical pond, lateral to the Paranapanema River (São Paulo, Brazil)." Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 23, no. 2 (June 2011): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x2011000200006.

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AIM: The aim of the present study was to examine the benthic fauna in a marginal pond lateral to the Paranapanema River and to identify the main controlling factors of its distribution. Considering the small size of the lacustrine ecosystem, we expected that seasonal variations of the benthic community attributes are more important than spatial variations; METHODS: Two samplings, one in March and another in August, were carried out at nine sites in the pond. Sediment samples were obtained through a Van Veen grab for invertebrate sorting, granulometric analysis, and for quantification of organic matter in sediment. Other abiotic factors were measured, such as water transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, electric conductivity, temperature, and depth of sediment sampling sites. Regarding the comparative analysis at spatial scale, no significant variations in density of the benthic invertebrate community were found. RESULTS: In relation to the studied abiotic factors, only depth presented significant differences among sampling sites; All the measured environmental parameters presented significant differences among sampling months, except depth and the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediment. The abundance of Chaoboridae and Chironomidae was the unique attribute with a significant difference in comparing the two months. A higher abundance of taxa occurred in August, especially for Oligochaeta, Nematoda, Chaoboridae, and Chironomidae; CONCLUSIONS: Because of the low structural complexity of the studied pond, we concluded that the changes in benthic macroinvertebrate community attributes were mainly due to seasonal effects.

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25

TOMA, Takako, Ichiro MIYAGI, Yukiko HIGA, Takao OKAZAWA, and Hitoshi SASAKI. "Culicid and Chaoborid flies (Diptera : Culicidae and Chaoboridae) attracted to a CDC miniature frog call trap at Iriomote Island, the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan." Medical Entomology and Zoology 56, no. 2 (2005): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.56.65_1.

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26

Narf, Richard P. "Interactions of Chironomidae and Chaoboridae (Diptera) with Aluminum Sulfate Treated Lake Sediments." Lake and Reservoir Management 6, no. 1 (July 1990): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07438149009354693.

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27

Moore, Marianne V. "Method for culturing the phantom midge, Chaoborus (Diptera: Chaoboridae), in the laboratory." Aquaculture 56, no. 3-4 (October 1986): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(86)90345-5.

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28

Bezerra-Neto, José Fernandes, Ludmila Silva Brighenti, Nelson Azevedo Santos Teixeira de Mello, and Ricardo Motta Pinto-Coelho. "Hydroacoustic assessment of fish and Chaoborus (Diptera-Chaoboridae) distribution in three Neotropical lakes." Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 24, no. 1 (August 16, 2012): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x2012005000023.

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AIM: This study aims to demonstrate the potential of hydroacoustics in the study of behavior of the invertebrate Chaoborus and fish in neotropical water environments; METHODS: Synoptic campaigns were conducted in May and June-2008 in Dom Helvécio and Carioca lakes, at the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (MG), and Nado reservoir, Belo Horizonte (MG). The acoustic scattering of targets was studied using a downward-oriented split-beam 200 kHz echosounder; RESULTS: We detected clear echo signals from fish and Chaoborus larvae, which can be viewed in high density in all environments studied. The normal migratory behavior of the larvae of Chaoborus could be easily monitored in the Dom Helvécio Lake and the Nado reservoir. However, this behavior was not seen in Carioca Lake; CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the potential application of acoustic approaches to study the behavior of fish and zooplankton organisms in freshwater aquatic systems.

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29

Salmela, Jukka, Lauri Paasivirta, and Gunnar Kvifte. "Checklist of the familes Chaoboridae, Dixidae, Thaumaleidae, Psychodidae and Ptychopteridae (Diptera) of Finland." ZooKeys 441 (September 19, 2014): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.441.7532.

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30

Arslan, Naime, Seval Kökmen-Aras, and Deniz Mercan. "An Indigenous Species, Dreissena polymorpha (Pallas, 1771) (Mollusca, Bivalvia), as an Invader in Lake Büyük Akgöl." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 20, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2018-0011.

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Abstract The relative abundance of D. polymorpha and other benthic macroinvertebrates in lake Büyük Akgöl was studied in 2009, 2012 and 2014. In 2009, the macroinvertebrate fauna consisted of Gastropoda (53.4%), Bivalvia (26.8%), Oligochaeta (12.6%), Chironomidae (5.9%) and other taxonomic groups (Trichoptera, Ceratopogonidae, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Chaoboridae, and Hirudinea) (1.04%). After three years, Bivalvia and Oligochaeta increased (38.2% and 15.3%, respectively), whereas the other groups (in particular, Gastropoda and Chironomidae) were found to decrease (41.4% and 4.5%, respectively). For the study period, the relative abundance of D. polymorpha increased from 19.6% (2009) to 34.8% (2014). The species has occupied various benthic habitats of lake Büyük Akgöl and continued to spread during the study period.

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31

GIGUERE, L. A. "The estimation of crop evacuation rates in Chaoborus larvae (Diptera: Chaoboridae) using natural prey." Freshwater Biology 16, no. 4 (August 1986): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1986.tb00997.x.

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32

IRVINE, KENNETH. "Food selectivity and diel vertical distribution of Chaoborus edulis (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in Lake Malawi." Freshwater Biology 37, no. 3 (June 1997): 605–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.1997.00187.x.

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33

Rees, Andrew B. H., Les C. Cwynar, and Peter S. Cranston. "Midges (Chironomidae, Ceratopogonidae, Chaoboridae) as a temperature proxy: a training set from Tasmania, Australia." Journal of Paleolimnology 40, no. 4 (June 10, 2008): 1159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-008-9222-6.

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34

Borkent, Christopher J., and Art Borkent. "Description and phylogenetic interpretation of chromatophore migration from larval air sacs to adult structures in some Chaoboridae (Diptera)." Canadian Entomologist 140, no. 6 (December 2008): 630–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n08-049.

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AbstractDuring development, many chromatophores on the air sacs of larvae of Chaoborus Lichtenstein disperse to the tracheal trunks and throughout the body of the pupae. In male pupae, chromatophores on the posterior air sacs move to the developing testes and vasa deferentia and some become the adventitious spotting previously reported for adults of Chaoborus. In larvae of Mochlonyx Loew, chromatophores have a similar development pattern, but in female pupae some also surround the spermathecae. Larvae of Eucorethra Underwood have chromatophores scattered throughout much of the body but it is uncertain whether these are homologous to those of Chaoborus and Mochlonyx. Outgroup comparisons show that the migration of chromatophores from the larval air sacs to the adult male testes and vasa deferentia is a synapomorphy of Chaoborinae. The presence of pigmented fat body on the larval testes in many Culicidae, Eucorethra, and Mochlonyx is plesiomorphic, and the transparent larval testes in Chaoborus are a synapomorphy of the genus. The dark adult testes in Mochlonyx are derived from pigmented larval fat body and chromatophores from the larval air sacs, and this is proposed as an intermediate evolutionary state. It is likely that the chromatophores surrounding the testes of pupae of Chaoborinae provide protection against ultraviolet radiation, but further study is needed.

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35

BORKENT, ART. "The Pupae of Culicomorpha—Morphology and a New Phylogenetic Tree." Zootaxa 3396, no. 1 (July 23, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3398.1.

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The pupae of each of the families of the Culicomorpha are described and, for the first time, their structures homologized.A glossary provides a standard set of terms to be applied to each structure, including a common chaetotaxy. A cladisticanalysis incorporates information from each life stage, including a number of new features discovered from the pupalstage, to provide a new phylogenetic hypothesis, as well as indicating autapomorphies for each family. Analysisincluded states for one egg, 21 larval, 33 pupal, and 37 adult characters. The Chironomidae is the sister group of allremaining Culicomorpha, the Ceratopogonidae is the sister group of Thaumaleidae + Simuliidae and these three arenewly recognized as members of the re-defined superfamily Simulioidea. The superfamily Culicoidea are the sistergroup of the Simulioidea and include, as previous work has already demonstrated, the Dixidae as the sister group ofCorethrellidae + Chaoboridae + Culicidae. Corethrellidae is the sister group of Chaoboridae + Culicidae. Thesuperfamily Chironomoidea now includes only Chironomidae.Analysis of the fossil record shows that the Chironomidae (and the Culicomorpha) originated in the Triassic andboth Simulioidea and Culicoidea were present by 176 million years ago in the Jurassic. Phylogenetic patterns are used tointerpret bionomic features such as differences in the nature of blood-feeding by adult females, daytime or nighttimefeeding by adult females, and occurrence of immature stages in aquatic habitats. Chironomidae do not feed on blood asadults and have likely diversified by invading virtually all aquatic habitats as larvae. Its sister group is more than twiceas diverse and feeding on vertebrate blood is strongly correlated with high diversification within the Simulioidea +Culicoidea (likely because a reliable source of protein was available to dispersing females since the Triassic fromterrestrial vertebrates). Families with blood-feeding females have larger numbers of species than do those without thisbehaviour. Each family in the Simulioidea + Culicoidea have specialized larval habitats or specialized habits, largely inaquatic habitats where Chironomidae are either not, or are marginally present, suggesting a level of competitive exclusion by the Chironomidae.

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36

Taşdemir, Ayşe, and M. Ruşen Ustaoğlu. "Observations on the Chironomidae and Chaoboridae (Diptera) fauna of the Mountain Lakes in Denizli (Turkey)." Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 33, no. 3 (August 15, 2016): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2016.33.3.13.

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Melzer, Roland R. "Persisting stemma neuropils inChaoborus crystallinus(Diptera: Chaoboridae): Development and evolution of a bipartite visual system." Journal of Morphology 270, no. 12 (December 2009): 1524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.10779.

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HARE, LANDIS, and JOHN C. H. CARTER. "Zooplankton populations and the diets of three Chaoborus species (Diptera, Chaoboridae) in a tropical lake." Freshwater Biology 17, no. 2 (April 1987): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1987.tb01048.x.

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Johnson, Richard N., David G. Young, and Jerry F. Butler. "Trypanosome Transmission by Corethrella wirthi (Diptera: Chaoboridae) to the Green Treefrog, Hyla cinerea (Anura: Hylidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 30, no. 5 (September 1, 1993): 918–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/30.5.918.

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40

Berendonk, T. U., and T. Evans. "Isolation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in three phantom midge species of the genus Chaoborus (Diptera: Chaoboridae)." Molecular Ecology Notes 4, no. 2 (June 2004): 250–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00632.x.

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McKeever, Sturgis. "Mouthparts of the Four North American Corethrella Species (Diptera: Chaoboridae), With Detailed Study of C. Appendiculata." Journal of Medical Entomology 23, no. 5 (September 19, 1986): 502–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/23.5.502.

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McKeever, Sturgis. "A New Species of Mexican Corethrella (Diptera: Chaoboridae) and a Description of a New Antennal Sensillum." Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81, no. 3 (May 1, 1988): 400–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/81.3.400.

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Kouadio, Akissi Nathalie, Yao Aristide Konan, Stanislas Silvain Yao, Zeré Marius Gogbé, and Gouli Gooré Bi. "Food and feeding habits of Hemichromis fasciatus Peters, 1857 and Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) in lake Ehuikro (Côte d’Ivoire)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, no. 7 (February 11, 2020): 3039–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i7.6.

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The main of this study was to compare the diet of Hemichromis fasciatus (Perciformes, Cichlidae) and Heterotis niloticus (Osteoglossiformes, Arapaimidae) in Lake Ehuikro (Bongouanou, Ivory Coast). Ffish were caught using gillnets between July 2017 and June 2018. A total of 206 stomachs of H. fasciatus and 71 stomachs of H. niloticus were examined and the relative importance index (RI) was used to analyze the importance of different items. Results indicate that both species are omnivorous tending towards insectivorous with a predominance of Chaoboridae. Despite the overlap obtained in diet of both species (Cλ = 0.89), the ecological niche was small and wide in H. fasciatus and H. niloticus, respectively. Dietary variations indicated ontogenic changes in the first specie and seasonal changes in the second specie. Proportion of mineral fraction observed in stomach contents suggests pelagic feeding behavior in H. fasciatus and benthic behavior in H. niloticus.Keywords: Diet, fish, omnivorous, insectivorous, ecological niche.

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Nicastro, Daniela, Ulrich Smola, and Roland R. Melzer. "The antennal sensilla of the carnivorous "phantom" larva of Chaoborus crystallinus (De Geer) (Diptera, Nematocera)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-003.

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The prehensile antennae of larval Chaoborus crystallinus are equipped with seven sensilla that comprise 24 sensory cells. Analysis of their ultrastructure indicates that they represent either mechano-or chemo-receptors. The main chemosensory input is established by a compound sensillum, S15 ("sensory cone" with 15-sensory cells), that is located at the tip of the antennal article (outer ventral claw). Exteroreceptors are the "middle claw" of the antenna, and a small sensillum trichodeum at half the length of the antennal article. Proprioreceptive mechanoreceptors are found in the proximal and distal regions of the antennal article. Comparison of sensillar arrangement and ultrastructure indicates that the ancient sensillar equipment of the culicid type is still present within the highly specialized catching apparatus of C. crystallinus. Compared with Culicidae, chemosensitive input is reduced, while proprioreceptive, mechanosensory input is highly developed. Larvae of Culicidae and Chaoboridae appear to possess a homologous set of antennal senilla that show specializations connected to the different functions of the antennae.

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SHEI, Ping, Toshio IWAKUMA, and Koichi FUJII. "Feeding of Chaoborus flavicans larvae (Diptera: Chaoboridae) on Ceratium hirundinella and Daphnia rosea in a eutrophic pond." Japanese Journal of Limnology (Rikusuigaku Zasshi) 49, no. 4 (1988): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3739/rikusui.49.227.

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Lamontagne, S., and D. W. Schindler. "Historical Status of Fish Populations in Canadian Rocky Mountain Lakes Inferred from Subfossil Chaoborus (Diptera: Chaoboridae) Mandibles." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 1376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-137.

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We used subfossil Chaoborus mandibles preserved in sediments of Cabin, Caledonia, and Celestine lakes, Alberta, to determine whether fish were present in the lakes (which now contain rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and lake chub (Couesius plumbeus)) prior to the first fish stockings early this century. We first tested whether Chaoborus were good indicators of the presence of fish in montane lakes in a survey of 43 lakes in jasper and Banff national parks. Chaoborus americanus was the only species inhabiting fishless lakes and was also found in three lakes with low fish density (co-occurring with C. flavicans in two of the three lakes). Other lakes containing fish had either C. flavicans or no Chaoborus species. Subfossils revealed that C. americanus was the predominant species prior to this century in Cabin and Celestine lakes, suggesting that these lakes were originally fishless; C. americanus (and C. trivittatus in Cabin Lake) were eliminated early this century, contemporarily with the first recorded fish stockings. Chaoborus flavicans was the only species recovered from Caledonia Lake, suggesting that the lake had fish prior to this century; while it is not possible to identify the species originally present, historical evidence suggests that rainbow trout is native to Caledonia Lake.

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Wazbinski, Kristin E., and Roberto Quinlan. "Midge (Chironomidae, Chaoboridae, Ceratopogonidae) assemblages and their relationship with biological and physicochemical variables in shallow, polymictic lakes." Freshwater Biology 58, no. 12 (August 25, 2013): 2464–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12223.

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Lamontagne, S., D. B. Donald, and D. W. Schindler. "The distribution of four Chaoborus species (Diptera: Chaoboridae) along an elevation gradient in Canadian Rocky Mountain lakes." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 1531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-203.

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We tested the hypothesis that the distribution of four species of Chaoborus is limited by water temperature in Rocky Mountain lakes. Midsummer surface water temperature (MSSWT) of Rocky Mountain lakes varied between 25 and 5 °C along an elevation gradient spanning 600–2400 m above sea level. Chaoborus (subgenus Chaoborus) americanus and C. (C.) flavicans were collected in lakes with MSSWT ≥ 16 °C, generally corresponding to lakes at elevations lower than 1600 m above sea level. Chaoborus (Sayomyia) punctipennis was only collected in warm lakes (MSSWT ≥ 21 °C). Species of the subgenus Schadonophasma (C. trivittatus and possibly C. cooki) were not commonly collected, but preliminary data suggest that they may be more tolerant of low water temperatures than the other species. On a qualitative basis, the distribution of these chaoborids in the Rockies is similar to their latitudinal distribution. However, MSSWT as a valid predictor of Chaoborus species distribution with latitude remains to be tested. The gradient in lake temperature found in mountainous environments appears to be a useful gauge for obtaining information about the distribution of invertebrates relative to temperature.

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Ahoutou, Eric Konan, Mathieu Yéhé Dietoa, Sebastino Kouassi Da Costa, François Louis Jean-Baptiste Avit, and Paul Essetchi Kouamelan. "Food and feeding behavior of Pellonula leonensis (Boulenger, 1916) in Taabo Lake catchment areas (Bandama; Cote d’Ivoire)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i1.3.

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Food and feeding behavior of P. leonensis was studied by analyzing the stomach contents of 864 individuals caught in the two main catchment areas in Taabo Lake, notably, at Taabo city and Antonio. Food items data were analyzed by using the three following methods: Relative Importance Index (IRI), Food Index of Geistdoerfer (Q) and Principal Component Analysis of Occurrence Index. The results of our study showed, that P . leonensis is zooplanktonophagus. Its diet also includes Diptera (Ceratopogonidae, Chaoboridae), Ephemeroptera (Baetidae, Libellulidae), Trichoptera and Hymenoptera (Formicidae). The Food Index of Geistdoerfer indicates, that the diet of this Fish species is composed of two main preferential preys: Copepods and Cladocerans. Furthermore, Chironomidae are frequent secondary preys and the others items are secondary order complementary preys. At least, the results of the principal component analysis of items occurrences show, that the prey frequency is function of P. leonensis catchment area or sub-area in Taabo Lake, and evolve inversely, according to climatic seasons. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Keywords: P. leonensis, feeding behavior, catch area, Taabo Lake, Côte d’Ivoire

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Bayly, IAE. "Distinctive aspects of the zooplankton of large lakes in Australasia, Antarctica and South America." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 8 (1995): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9951109.

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Not only has the degree of species-level cosmopolitanism amongst zooplanktonic organisms been considerably overestimated, but differences between the different classical biogeographic regions (established from terrestrial studies) occur at supra-specific levels as high as family or even suborder. The Centropagidae, and particularly the genus Boeckella, are found in New Zealand, most of Australia, southern and high altitude regions of South America, and around the periphery of Antarctica. The biogeography and ecology of this family is discussed in detail. Most predaceous families of Cladocera are entirely absent from the Australian and Neotropical regions. The genus Daphniopsis occurs in salt lakes in Australia and South America and in freshwater lakes in Antarctica. In southern Australia numerous species of ostracod have colonized the limnetic region of salt lakes, and the largest of these prey on species of Calamoecia, Daphniopsis and small ostracods. Chaoboridae are absent from New Zealand as, too, are obligate planktivorous fish. The Chilean flamingo, Phoenicopterus chilensis, and Wilson's phalarope, Phalaropus tricolor, are significant predators on Boeckella poopoensis in salt lakes on the Andean Altiplano and elsewhere in South America.

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