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Journal articles on the topic 'Character and characteristics in literature'
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Anam, Ahmad Khoiril, and Yogi Purnama. "The Characteristics of Ahmad Tohari's Smile Short Story by Ahmad Tohari." Hortatori : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 5, no. 1 (2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jh.v5i1.650.
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The purpose of this study is to describe the characters contained in the collection of short stories Senyum Karyamin by Ahmad Tohari. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive research. The research technique used is the analysis of the contents of collection of short stories and literature studies to find and collect library data in the form of books relating to research sebjects. Research on the characterization of the main characters in a collection of short stories with the use of analytical and dramatic aspects of the story of thirteen sub-chapters. The results found the chacarterization of the main characters in a short stories with use of analytical aspects of 53 findings (51%) and dramatic 51 findings (49%) that appear in the story of thirteen sub-chapters that exist. Short collection of Senyum Karyamin depicts the character of rural communities that reflect daily life.Keywords: Main Character, Analytical Aspects, Dramatic Aspects, Short Stories Senyum Karyamin.
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Smith, G. Stevenson. "The accountant: a character in literature." Meditari Accountancy Research 25, no. 1 (2017): 2–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-03-2015-0014.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the accountants’ stereotype as it is developed within a sample of fiction novels. The descriptions of accountants in these novels are used to determine the attributes associated with the accountants’ image. Further, the purpose is to identify and compare the results of the present study with those images that have been identified in previous studies. Design/methodology/approach The descriptions in the novels are analyzed using context analysis and the corpus available through the General Inquirer (GI). A comparison is made between the results found in the present study using context analysis with previous studies using social-cultural methods to investigate stereotypes. The current paper attempts to avoid investigator bias based on social learning; lessens subjective interpretations; and rather than using a non-transferable rating scale unique to one article, it uses a widely accepted evaluation measure in the GI. Findings The image of accountants in the sample of novels was found to be positive rather than the negative image described in previous papers. The conclusion reached is that past studies of the accountants’ image have not eliminated social-cultural biases from their research results. The present study suggests that an image filled with negative characteristics may vary with the medium, and there may not be a universal image of the accountant. Research limitations/implications One weakness of content analysis is that positive words are used in phrases that may have negative connotations. For example, the word “cool” as related to a person may have the meaning that a person is really neat or that they are standoffish. Another limitation of context analysis is coding bias as a consequence of the subjectivity among the various individuals performing the coding. The corpus used in the GI attempts to overcome these issues. Practical implications Managers’ potential interactions with accountants are affected by their internal perceptions of the accounting profession. If accountants are associated with negative images as outlined in previous research, why is their decision-making input still widely used? An understanding of why a group of such professionals are considered to be important to decision-making needs to be analyzed. If managers truly believe accountants are weak, negative and short-sighted, as has been confirmed in previous research, accountants and their skill set would not be used by managers. Yet, their skills are sought out by managers. The dichotomy is investigated in the paper. Social implications Stereotypes affect members of the public in their support, approach and interactions with a profession. The job functions available to a profession are affected and restricted by its stereotype. Unfortunately, many people develop distortions and biases in their perceptions and react toward a group based on those internally held perceptions. It is worthwhile to understand how a group is viewed in society to be able to understand how they can deal with these stereotypes. Originality/value The approach in the paper is the first application of context analysis to the study of the accountant’s image. In this context, data identified in the structure of a text provide a basis to the underlying patterns in the text and by implication its attributes. Unlike the past studies, which rely on social learning to evaluate the accountants’ image, the current research combines content analysis with corpus linguistics to identify themes and the significance of relationships in the data set.
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Greyling, S. F., and H. Du Plessis. "Karakters vir jeugdige lesers." Literator 21, no. 2 (2000): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v21i2.479.
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Characters for young readers In discussions on the nature of children and youth literature, various aspects occur repeatedly. The presumption that these aspects are also factors that exert a meaningful influence on the characters in the genre is largely confirmed by research. Based on developmental characteristics, 11-14 year-olds are identifiable as a group with a unique profile. From this it follows that a relationship between the reader profile en genre conventions can be indicated and that it can be applied specifically to character as an element of the narrative. Characteristic genres and genre conventions establish a framework of expectations within the reader, which co-determines the selection, creation and portrayal of characters. The social cognitive development of the young reader appears to be of special importance in character portrayal. Reader identification with characters largely contributes to reader involvement and to the pleasure a young reader derives from the reading of stories. As a result of the educational situatedness of the young reader, ideology plays an important role in literature for the young. Successful characters have always been regarded as important in ensuring the success of a story. Through selection and the equipping of characters, and by means of portrayal, the writer can work towards this aim.
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Vaage, Margrethe Bruun. "On Punishment and Why We Enjoy It in Fiction." Poetics Today 40, no. 3 (2019): 543–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03335372-7558136.
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The article proposes an explanation for why spectators may enjoy excessive punishment when watching fiction, even in Scandinavia where harsh punishment is roundly condemned. Excessive punishment is typically carried out by a vigilante avenger, and in fiction this character is often a fantastic character (e.g., not realistic, taking on superhuman and/or supernatural characteristics). We allow ourselves to enjoy punishment more readily when the character who punishes is clearly fictional. In The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo and Let the Right One In, fantastic elements seep into an otherwise realistic setting and allow the spectator to fully enjoy the main characters’ vigilante revenge. The theory of fictional reliefs posited here holds that this mixture of modes facilitates one of two paths to moral judgment.
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Renga, Ian Parker, and Mark A. Lewis. "Wisdom, Mystery, and Dangerous Knowledge: Exploring Depictions of the Archetypal Sage in Young Adult Literature." Study and Scrutiny: Research on Young Adult Literature 3, no. 1 (2018): 25–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5275.2018.3.1.25-50.
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The archetypal sage character is a common, though relatively unexplored character, in young adult literature (YAL). Employing a sociocultural, constructivist understanding of archetypes, we unpack features of the sage through an examination of three sagacious characters: the Receiver of Memory in The Giver, Haymitch Abernathy in The Hunger Games, and Anatov in Akata Witch. Our analysis reveals how these characters are each marked with physical or behavioral abnormalities, are isolated from society and its institutions, and possess dangerous knowledge of eros (The Giver), power (The Hunger Games), and identity (Akata Witch). They are also depicted as standing in sharp contrast to other, more typical teachers in the intimate relationships they form with students and degree of vulnerability they display. All of these characteristics, we argue, might explain the appeal of the sagecharacter in YAL, as well as its curious absence from our common understanding of K-12 teachers and curriculum. Indeed, we see these characterizations of fictional teachers as raising interesting questions about sagacious mentorship and wisdom in schools.
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Hariyanti, Tatit, and Sudjito Sudjito. "SUSTAINED CHARACTER BUILDING THROUGH LITERATURE FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS IN INDONESIA." Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 18, no. 1 (2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2018.18.1.1707.
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This article aims at promoting sustained character building through literature especially for college students in Indonesia. Till present, the character building has been restricted to the embedment of good virtues to children and adolescents. The majority of existing studies and researches, therefore, tend to focus their attention on such limited area. Character building ought to be a sustainable effort halted not when one finishes his/her study at elementary or intermediate grades. It should be maintained all life long. There are two highlighted problems which are going to explore in this paper: first, why literature is still considered to be one of the effective media to establish sustained character building for college students and second, what appropriate Instructional Strategies to con-duct such effort are. The result shows that literature is still effective due to its natural characteristics, its wide spectrum, and its dynamically broadened functions. Under the conviction that the students have already been undergoing the process of embedment of some core values before, the given literary works containing, elaborating and questioning or challenging the given embedded values are taken to be the source of discussion. The instructional strategies cover discussion, debate, seminar, film appreciation, and creative writing. Keywords: character building, instructional strategies, literature, sustained
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Karabuschenko, N. B., A. V. Ivashchenko, N. L. Sungurova, and Masri I. Al Masri. "Psychological characteristics of Syrian adolescents’ adaptation to extreme situations of sociogenic character." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 9, no. 3 (2016): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2016090307.
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This article describes psychological characteristics of adaptation of Syrian adolescents in refugee camps to the extreme sociogenic situation. The overview of research on adaptation as a psychological phenomenon; the analysis of the contemporary Arab psychological literature on this issue; the definition of the concept “extreme situation”; the results of studies of the Syrian teenagers’ adaptation in the conditions of military crisis; perspective areas of psychological counselling of those teenagers, who experienced this crisis, are presented in this article.
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Anggraeni, Diana, Herland Franley Manalu, and Desty Anggraini. "The esteem needs in the main character of ‘Me Before You’ movie." Studies in English Language and Education 8, no. 3 (2021): 1285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i3.18878.
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Humans have gone through many incidents, both good and bad experiences, and sometimes these experiences are shared with others in the form of stories. The stories, as one of the forms of literary works, would be nothing without the created characters within them because they provide the viewers with a purpose and a reason for us to learn about what happens in the story. Besides, they act as one important element in the movie with various psychological effects. This research aims to analyze the characteristics and the hierarchy of human needs, especially esteem needs, that appear in the main character named Will Traynor in the ‘Me Before You’ movie directed by Thea Sharrock. This study uses descriptive data analysis which describes a phenomenon and the main character in the movie. The results revealed seven characters comprising the esteem needs hierarchy: sensitive, open-minded, friendly, kind, confident, humble, and stubborn. The esteem needs hierarchy is the desire to have the need to be approved, valued, and recognized to have some self-esteem. This is striking in the movie because of the status of the character, Will Traynor as a lord, and Louisa Clark who is only a maid and has no superiority over Will in her life. The findings imply the personality of humans differ in their characters and psychology as shown from the esteem needs hierarchy in Will’s personality expressing the different types of characteristics.
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Abduloh. "Character education based on six value system." SHS Web of Conferences 42 (2018): 00055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184200055.
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Humans are social beings who mutually cooperate and interact with each other that have an impact on the changes and dynamics of a complex life, both individually and in groups that may be able to uphold the value and dignity and vice versa, it can be influenced by individual and group characteristics in living his life. The purpose of this study is to describe the application and outcome of character education based on six value systems. This study applied descriptive method with literature review analysis. The results of the analysis show that the character of education based on the six value systems can be applied in various levels of education from basic education to higher education and educational outcomes can have the characteristics of value for use, or benefits for the life of the community worthy both materially and spiritually that can solve the problem, Improvement and change of valuable moral, mental, and spiritual skills.
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Smith, Robert. "Examining the characteristics, philosophies, operating practices and growth strategies of village entrepreneurs." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 23, no. 4 (2017): 708–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-10-2016-0350.
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Purpose The literature of entrepreneurship has an urban focus and despite the emergence of the rural entrepreneurship literature, we know little about the characteristics, philosophies, operating practices and growth strategies of ordinary village entrepreneurs’ in a UK context. As a concept, the “village entrepreneur” is contentious as theoretically there should be little difference between urban and rural entrepreneurs. Nevertheless, there is! The concept is important because many villages are in decline and are marginal places in terms of entrepreneurial opportunity. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach A review of the fragmented literature is conducted to synthesise and develop greater understanding. Drawing on a “life-story” approach the empirical strand comprises of an analysis of five ethnographic interviews with village entrepreneurs. Findings The respondents did not consider themselves entrepreneurs whom they characterised as flash, rogues and even crooked. Their embedded village entrepreneur persona was constructed around tales-of-character, hard work and perseverance. They prided themselves in making “slow-money” which they retain over their lifetime. Embeddedness, self-efficacy, character and morality were key themes encountered. Research limitations/implications From a research perspective the findings are based on a limited sample and the study was not specifically designed to capture data on characteristics, philosophies and operating practices. Further research on a larger scale is necessary to validate the findings. Practical implications From a practical perspective policy makers require to consider the notions of embeddedness, self-efficacy, character and morality when considering implementing growth strategies in rural areas. Originality/value This study contributes to the growing literature of rural entrepreneurship by expanding the typology of rural entrepreneurs and by detailing philosophies, operating practices, and growth strategies suitable and appropriate for small village and rural businesses.
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Adnyana, I. Komang Manik. "Karakteristik Gender Identity Disorder pada Tokoh Kishimoto Ruka dalam Drama Last Friends Karya Asano Taeko." Jurnal Sakura : Sastra, Bahasa, Kebudayaan dan Pranata Jepang 2, no. 2 (2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/js.2020.v02.i02.p04.
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The tittle of this research is “Gender Identity Disorder Characteristic at character Kishimoto Ruka in drama Last Friends by Asano Taeko”. This research aims to describe Gender Identity Disorder (GID) characteristic at character Kishimoto Ruka in Last Friends Drama by Asano Taeko. The data were analyzed by using descriptive analysis method and informal method. Some theories applied in this research were Wellek and Warren’s literature and psychology theory (2016), Schmidt’s gender identity disorder theory (1994), Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory (2016), and Marcel Danesi’s semiotic theory. This research showed that there were four GID characteristics found at character Kishimoto Ruka. These GID characteristic namely 1) there was a sense of cross-gender identification; 2) there was a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex; 3) the disturbance is not concurrent with a physical intersex condition; and 4) the disturbance causes distress in social and occupational.
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Kubarek, Magdalena. "Paraenetic Character of Modern Islamic Prose." CLEaR 3, no. 1 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/clear-2016-0001.
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Abstract Paraenetic literature encompasses didactic literature which promotes adequate and morally correct manner of action. One of the features of paraenesis is its normativism proposing models of ideal heroes, characteristic for a given social background. Paraenetic literature has its roots in Ancient Greece. In the subsequent centuries Christianity, drawing on the ancient canon of an ideal man, proposed moral values and ideal heroes hitherto unknown. At the same time, what Christianity did in the Middle Ages, Renaissance and Baroque, was to develop new genres that aimed at conveying paraenetic content. The concept of the aesthetic role of literature as opposed to its utilitarian character was created as late as in Romanticism. In the Arab world the utilitarian and aesthetic functions have stood hand in hand since the very beginning. In the 1980s a movement described as “Islamic literature” emerged. This genre has a didactic function and aims at forming attitudes and moral behavior patterns that go in line with the rules of Islam. This paper analyses models of heroes who are inspired by Prophet Muhammad and face modern dangers and challenges, resulting from the Western pressure.
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Aristo, Thomas Joni Verawanto, and Sijono Sijono. "THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ALBUS DUMBLEDORE IN HARRY POTTER AND DEATHLY HOLLOW BY JK. ROWLING." JEES: Journal of English Educational Study 1, no. 2 (2019): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31932/jees.v1i2.327.
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Novel is a part of literature, a fictional piece of prose usually written in narrative style. In non-fiction novel, there are also character. The one main character is usually the non fiction maker ( author ) itself. Talked about character, there must be characteristic. The analyst tries to analysis the characteristic of Albus Dumbledore of Harry Potter and Deathly Hollow by J.K Rowling. The analyst wants to share information about the moral value of Albus Dumbledore, his dark side, his abilities, his support as a protector and helper for Harry Potter and his friends. The pupose of this study was about to describe the characteristic of Albus Dumbledore. The method of this reserach was qualitative approach with coding, decoding, categorization and confirmation. The problem of the research was used objective approach. Data collection technique was used library study and literary study. The result of this research was Albus Dumbledore is wise, gentle, kind, misterious in way, knowlegable, caring and understanding. The conclusion of this research was the character of Albus Dumbledore is not just a story but we can adapt it in our life, without magic wand, everyone can be as same as Albus Dumbledore characteristic, if there is a willing.Keyword : Character, Characteristic, Novel
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Jakubiak, Krzysztof. "Historiographic, historiosophical and pedagogical discourse of national character of Poles from the turn of the 19th and 20th century." Podstawy Edukacji 13 (2020): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/pe.2020.13.14.
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The issues of mentality and characteristics of the national character were raised in the literature, mainly in the historical and political journalism of modern times. A significant feature of Polish historiography and historiosophy of the 19th and early 20th centuries was the discussion on the Polish national character. The diagnoses of their national character, most often unfavorable for Poles, formulated at that time, were intended to inspire the desired and expected educational mission in this field. The path to eradicating national defects was to lead from self-knowledge to individual and social improvement
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Ade, Valentin. "Political negotiations: characteristics and related performance disincentives." International Journal of Conflict Management 30, no. 3 (2019): 349–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-06-2018-0080.
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Purpose The media, private citizens and other stakeholders regularly appraise political negotiations, but the character of these negotiations and the reasons for outcomes are little understood. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to discuss this character and explore its implications. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper. The author carried out a literature review and used his experiences in supervising political negotiation simulations. Findings The author argues that political negotiations have several specific characteristics that distinguish them from other kinds of negotiations. Political negotiations, for instance, tend to address often rather fuzzy public interests, involve value conflicts or are simultaneously performed “on stage” and “behind the scenes.” These characteristics may matter, as they can provide structural disincentives to negotiators, who might be tempted to focus on selling outcomes rather than on improving them (“saleability-oriented negotiating”). Hence, the author argues that political negotiators and their stakeholders face the challenge that political contexts may foster weak negotiation performances. Practical implications The author proposes an approach to political negotiations’ training that takes the findings of this paper into consideration. Originality/value This paper is the first, to the best of the author’s knowledge, to provide a detailed characterization of political negotiations and to discuss related implications.
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Shtolko, Maryna. "Specifics modeling pictures of childhood I. Zhylenko, P. Tychyna, N. Surovtseva, V. Symonenko and V. Stus in a biographical novel in the short stories «Rainbow in the Sieve» by M. Pavlenko." LITERARY PROCESS: methodology, names, trends, no. 16 (2020): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2475.2020.16.14.
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The purpose of the article is to trace the ways of constructing paintings of the childhood of Ukrainian writers of the ХХ century (Dmytro Pavlychko, Nadiya Surovtseva, Vasyl Symonenko, Vasyl Stus, Iryna Zhylenko) on the material of a biographical novel in the short stories «Rainbow in the Sieve» by Ukrainian poet, writer, artist, scientist, teacher Maryna Pavlenko. The relevance of the study is determined by the search for new perspectives on the coverage of childhood in the biographical literature. Particular attention is paid to the features of the author’s expression in the text. An attempt is made to analyze the informative value of story headings. The factors of influence on personality formation and ways of their reproduction in the novel are analyzed. Generalizations are made to delineate national and cultural identification of characters. The textual expression of the ideological and artistic dominants of the poetic and artistic world of the main characters of the stories is traced. Literary techniques of character characteristics (elements of portraiture, character creation) are revealed. The comparative-historical, typological, structural-functional, biographical methods are applied.
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Doğan Güldenoğlu, Bilge Nur. "Examination of adult and child characters in children's literature booksÇocuk edebiyatı kitaplarındaki yetişkin ve çocuk karakterlerin incelenmesi." Journal of Human Sciences 14, no. 4 (2018): 4768. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.5083.
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It is emphasized in the literature that the quality of children's literature books need to be brought together with children, starting from early childhood. It is also known in these books how important it is for children to acquire models and meet the characters they can identify with. In this context, it is aimed to examine the characteristics of adult and child characters in children's literature books. Content analysis of fourteen books in which adult and child characters are the main characters from children 's novels in the last decade (2007-2017), which can be reached by criterion sampling method, were made. Four different tables developed by the researcher in order to determine the way of development, general and personality characteristics of the adult and child characters analyzed in this process were used and these tables were presented in the findings section. In general, results showed that adult and child characters were developed in five different character development paths and in detail, adult characters are not treated as much as child characters. Results also suggested that both adult and child characters are constructed with more positively perceived personality traits. In the discussion section, these findings have been discussed in the light of the basic characteristics of characters in children's literature books.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetNitelikli çocuk edebiyatı yapıtlarının erken çocukluk döneminden başlayarak çocuklarla buluşturulmasının gerekliliği alanyazında vurgulanmaktadır. Bu kitaplarda çocukların kendilerine model alabilecekleri ve özdeşim kurabilecekleri karakterlerle karşılaşmalarının da ne denli önemli olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu önem bağlamında çalışmada çocuk edebiyatı yapıtlarındaki yetişkin ve çocuk karakterlerin çeşitli özellikler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Belirtilen amaç doğrultusunda ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılabilen basımları son on yıl (2007-2017) içinde olan çocuk romanlarından, yetişkin ve çocuk karakterlerin ana karakter olarak yer aldığı on dört kitabın içerik çözümlemesi yapılmıştır. Bu süreçte çözümlenen kitaplardaki yetişkin ve çocuk karakterlerin geliştirilme yolları, genel özellikleri ve kişilik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen 4 farklı çizelge kullanılmış ve bu çizelgeler bulgular bölümünde sunulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları alanyazında belirtilen beş farklı karakter geliştirme yolunun ve dört genel özelliğin de incelenen kitaplarda yer aldığını gösterirken yetişkin karakterlerin çocuk karakterler kadar ele alınmadığını da ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca karakterlerin daha çok olumlu algılanan kişilik özellikleriyle kurgulandığının belirlenmesi de önemli sonuçlardan biridir. Tartışma bölümünde elde edilen bu bulgular alanyazında çocuk edebiyatı kitaplarındaki karakterlere ilişkin temel özellikler doğrultusunda tartışılmıştır.
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Litualy, Samuel Jusuf, and Henderika Serpara. "COMPARATIVE LITERARY WORKS, LANGUAGE LEARNING AND CHARACTER BUILDING OF LEARNERS." JURNAL TAHURI 18, no. 2 (2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/tahurivol18issue2page14-23.
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This paper aims to express efforts to use comparative literary works as a medium in language learning, and at the same time as a means for the formation of the character of learners. The benefits of comparative literature, among others: (1) as the basis of the study of cross-cultural literary works, (2) as the basis or basis of language skills learning (Sprachfertigkeiten) namely: listening (Hӧrverstӓndnis-Sprechfertigkeit), reading-writing (Leseverstӓndnis-Schreibfertigkeit), (3) as a means of strengthening character education. As the basis for cross-cultural text studies, comparative literary works can be used to compare cultures between nations. As the basis of language learning, comparative literary works, has a uniqueness that is not possessed by other linguistic teaching materials, because the language of literary works has a connotative characteristic (figurative), contains majas, and prioritizes the characteristics of narrative discourse. Language in literary works prioritizes its main function, which is communicative function and suitable to be used to teach language skills. Furthermore, as a means of strengthening character education, literary works are worthful, which can be used to provide value strengthening for learners as the future generation of the nation.
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Almeida, Samira Pinto. "A personagem negra no teatro português: uma revisão de literatura / The Black Character in Portuguese Theater: A Literature Review." Revista do Centro de Estudos Portugueses 39, no. 62 (2020): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2359-0076.39.62.161-176.
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Resumo: O artigo pretende abordar, de forma panorâmica, o modo como a personagem negra aparece em textos dramáticos portugueses – circunscrevendo a função e as características dela nas peças –, tendo, para tanto, como base teórica a confrontação dos estudos realizados por Tinhorão (1988), Pascal (2000), Pimentel (2013) e Zekri (2017). O objetivo é lançar um olhar crítico sobre as representações históricas estereotipadas (construídas, sobretudo, por autores brancos) da identidade negra no teatro português desde o século XVI até os dias atuais, bem como apontar os desafios da nova geração de artistas que se afirma negro-descendente na criação de imagens positivas dessa identidade e na reivindicação de espaços democráticos, dentro e fora do palco, que contemplem a diversidade racial.Palavras-chave: dramaturgia; teatro português; personagem negra.Abstract: The paper intends to approach, in a panoramic prism, the way the black character appears in Portuguese dramatic texts – circumscribing his/her function and characteristics in the plays –, having as a theoretical basis the confrontation of the studies carried out by Tinhorão (1988), Pascal (2000), Pimentel (2013) and Zekri (2017). The objective is to take a critical look at the stereotypical historical representations (mainly built by white authors) of black identity in Portuguese theater from the 16th century to the present day, as well as pointing out the challenges of the new generation of self-declared black descendants artists in creating positive images of this identity and in claiming democratic spaces, on and off the stage, that contemplate racial diversity.Keywords: dramaturgy; Portuguese theater; black character.
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Carroll, Joseph. "A rationale for evolutionary studies of literature." Scientific Study of Literature 3, no. 1 (2013): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ssol.3.1.03car.
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I identify converging lines of evidence for the proposition that the human mind has evolved, argue that the evolved character of the mind influences the products of the mind, including literature, and conclude that scholarly and scientific commentary on literature would benefit from being explicitly lodged within an evolutionary conceptual framework. I argue that a biocultural perspective has comprehensive scope and can encompass all the topics to which other schools of literary theory give attention. To support this contention, I appeal to axiomatic logic: the behavior of any organism is a result of interactions between its genetically determined characteristics and its environmental influences. Summarizing the debate over the adaptive function of literature, I argue that literature and its oral antecedents are adaptations, not merely by-products of adaptations.
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Purwaningsih, Dominika Anggraeni. "PUPPET MOVEMENTS IN STRUCTURE-SPECIFIC TRADITIONAL PAPER CUT OUT ANIMATION PRODUCTION." Ultimart: Jurnal Komunikasi Visual 13, no. 2 (2020): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ultimart.v13i2.1821.
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Physical paper puppets are inanimate objects, but when we’re speaking in terms of the production of traditional paper cut out animation, they become the actors and the souls that drive the movie. When shooting and animating traditional paper cut out animation, the puppets are laid flat on a surface so they can only move in limited directions compared to conventional 2D or 3D animation. As we know, each character in animated movie has its own personality and unique to each other. The challenge lays in bringing out the characteristics and personality of the character through the limited medium of paper puppet. In this qualitative research, puppet movements will be applied to quadruped cat characters in a public service announcement titled “Spay & Neuter”. The puppet along with the visual design, segmentations, and joints were done in previous research. Qualitative observations and audio-visual materials are used to collect the data for references. Literature review will study the characteristics of cats, body language, behaviour, and principles of animation especially timing and exaggeration. Observation is conducted by studying the movements of real cats from online videos and direct observations and also studying how other animators animate cat characters in animated films. In the exploration stage, paper puppets will be animated according to the movement design while experimenting with the timing and frame rate of the stop motion to achieve the final results.
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Hasanah, Uswatun, and Much Deiniatur. "Character Education in Early Childhood Based on Family." Early Childhood Research Journal (ECRJ) 1, no. 1 (2018): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/ecrj.v1i1.6578.
Full textAbstract:
Family is a place of learning that is full of true love and affection. Good characters embodied in the family are very fundamental human characteristics. Children’s capability to function as responsible citizens must be nurtured early on. Family is the smallest social unit that has an important role in the development of children's character, which lies in character education model given by the parents to their children. Character education within a family has not been conceptualized in a way that leads to a variety of educational praxis according to the understanding of each parent. The purpose of the study is to describe what values can be internalized to a family since early childhood. The research method used is literature study (library research), which is a research conducted by the researchers by collecting a number of books, magazines, leaflets pertaining to problems and research objectives. The findings show that children's character education should start from within the family, because family is the smallest unit of society and it will depend on parents to teach children from early age. Children’s character building within the family is not an easy practice because it requires systemic handling. There are interrelationships of other components, such as schools and community environments, which is necessary in its implementation. Character education in early childhood should start from the family through the eight family functions including (1) Education Function, (2) Protection Function, (3) Affection function, (4) Socialization function, (5) Reproduction Function, (6) Religious Functions, (7) Economic Functions, and (8) Recreation Functions.
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BULGAROVA, BELLA A., ALEXEY YU OVCHARENKO, VICTOR V. BARABASH, and JULIA А. VOROPAEVA. "“EVERY GENERATION HAS ITS SHERLOCK”: THE CHARACTER’S IMAGE IN THE FILM ADAPTATIONS OF STORIES BY A. CONAN DOYLE ABOUT SHERLOCK HOLMES." ART AND SCIENCE OF TELEVISION 17, no. 2 (2021): 171–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.30628/1994-9529-2021-17.2-171-213.
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The article covers the problem of the protagonist’s image portrayal in modern cinema on the example of the three most recent film adaptations based on works by Conan Doyle. The relevance of this scientific issue is explained by the fact that the peculiarities of representing the character in modern cinema partly reflect the state of society itself, its social problems, phobias and neuroses. Cinematography, like no other type of contemporary art, has broad opportunities to embody almost any character in three-dimensional reality, which imposes a certain social responsibility for the results of the main characters’ portrayal. The appeal to the archetypal images of world literature implies not only the openness of improvisation, but also the preservation of the character’s social function. The article analyzes the representation of one of such archetypal images of world significance—Sherlock Holmes. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and general scientific methods, and also includes special methods: content analysis of scientific literature related to the topic; the method of sociological survey (questionnaire survey), the method of statistical analysis. The empirical study, the results of which are presented in this article, is based on three screen adaptations of the Sherlock Holmes stories, produced in the 2000s in Great Britain, Russia and the United States. The study involved 150 respondents, whose answers were converted from a qualitative to a quantitative format to analyze the specifics of the representation of the main character (the protagonist). The authors of the article came to the following conclusions: in modern film adaptations the protagonist is portrayed not as a genius of the scientific method of thinking, but as a sociopath who is unable to interact with society without an intermediary (a companion character). Moreover, modern screen adaptations violate the archetypal image itself due to improvisations with the static characteristics of the character, which leads to a negative perception of such a character by the audience. The very strengthening of sociopathic features of the protagonist’s character, shifting the emphasis from the idea of higher justice, from eternal values to private motives, lead to a certain simplification of the character, and also serve as an indicator of the state of society itself. The theoretical significance of the research is determined by the fact that this article offers original criteria developed by the authors to analyze the representation of the character. The practical significance of the article is backed by the conclusions and results of the study, which can be used for further work to identify the impact of characters’ representations on shaping value orientations in modern society.
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BULGAROVA, BELLA A., ALEXEY YU OVCHARENKO, VICTOR V. BARABASH, and JULIA А. VOROPAEVA. "“EVERY GENERATION HAS ITS SHERLOCK”: THE CHARACTER’S IMAGE IN THE FILM ADAPTATIONS OF STORIES BY A. CONAN DOYLE ABOUT SHERLOCK HOLMES." ART AND SCIENCE OF TELEVISION 17, no. 2 (2021): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30628/1994-9529-2021-17.2-171-191.
Full textAbstract:
The article covers the problem of the protagonist’s image portrayal in modern cinema on the example of the three most recent film adaptations based on works by Conan Doyle. The relevance of this scientific issue is explained by the fact that the peculiarities of representing the character in modern cinema partly reflect the state of society itself, its social problems, phobias and neuroses. Cinematography, like no other type of contemporary art, has broad opportunities to embody almost any character in three-dimensional reality, which imposes a certain social responsibility for the results of the main characters’ portrayal. The appeal to the archetypal images of world literature implies not only the openness of improvisation, but also the preservation of the character’s social function. The article analyzes the representation of one of such archetypal images of world significance—Sherlock Holmes. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and general scientific methods, and also includes special methods: content analysis of scientific literature related to the topic; the method of sociological survey (questionnaire survey), the method of statistical analysis. The empirical study, the results of which are presented in this article, is based on three screen adaptations of the Sherlock Holmes stories, produced in the 2000s in Great Britain, Russia and the United States. The study involved 150 respondents, whose answers were converted from a qualitative to a quantitative format to analyze the specifics of the representation of the main character (the protagonist). The authors of the article came to the following conclusions: in modern film adaptations the protagonist is portrayed not as a genius of the scientific method of thinking, but as a sociopath who is unable to interact with society without an intermediary (a companion character). Moreover, modern screen adaptations violate the archetypal image itself due to improvisations with the static characteristics of the character, which leads to a negative perception of such a character by the audience. The very strengthening of sociopathic features of the protagonist’s character, shifting the emphasis from the idea of higher justice, from eternal values to private motives, lead to a certain simplification of the character, and also serve as an indicator of the state of society itself. The theoretical significance of the research is determined by the fact that this article offers original criteria developed by the authors to analyze the representation of the character. The practical significance of the article is backed by the conclusions and results of the study, which can be used for further work to identify the impact of characters’ representations on shaping value orientations in modern society.
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Быков, Yuriy Bykov, Бендер, and Tatyana Bender. "PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS OF THERAPY IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Бюллетень Восточно-Сибирского научного центра Сибирского отделения Российской академии медицинских наук 1, no. 3 (2016): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21613.
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The review concerns modern pharmacological methods of Parkinson’s disease treatment. The basic drugs used in practice are levodopa, dopamine receptor agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, anticholinergics, СOMT inhibitors, and amantadine drugs. The article considers main features, assessment methods and targets of the differentiated therapy, presents benefits and drawbacks of each drug, and describes the problem of generics. According to the study, there is a preferences to use long-acting drugs. The choice of a drug for Parkinson’s disease treatment depends on such characteristics as the patient’s age, the character of Parkinson’s disease, the severity of movement disorder, concomitant diseases, the drug price, the patient’s individual sensitivity to different drugs. Finally, the article presents recommendations on initial treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
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Bakalova, Elka, Anita Kasabova, and Vladimir Marinov. "The Perfect Ruler in the Art and Literature of Medieval Bulgaria." Studia Ceranea 1 (December 30, 2011): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2084-140x.01.05.
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The paper is an attempt to provide some information about the concept of the perfect ruler, as saved in the literature and the fine arts of the medieval Bulgaria, and which are related to the name of the king Ivan Alexander. The first part of the text is of theoretical character, showing how the ancient Greek literature presents the ideal ruler. The second one points out the characteristics of the portrayal of Ivan Alexander, as saved in both literary monuments (praises of the king in the Sofia psalter, so-called Pesnivec, 1337), and iconographical ones (a famous chronicle by Constantine Manasses, 1345–1346).
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Vlasov, Maxim. "The higher education system as the driving force of the country’s sustainable development." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 10006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125810006.
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The article presents results of the research on patterns of the influence such factors as mass character, internationalization and state financing of higher education have on country’s innovation development parameters. Conducting correlation analysis allowed for obtaining academic proofs of the fact that in modern conditions above mentioned characteristics of higher education system define innovation development of the country in general. The first part of the article contains analytical review of the literature and identifies characteristics of higher education system the influence of which on country’s innovation development the authors consider as significant (mass character, internationalization, state financing). The second part describes the methodology of research and formulated working hypotheses. The third part is a presentation of obtained research results, whereas the fourth part contains conclusions. Theoretical importance of the conducted research is in defining patterns in which such higher education system characteristics as mass character, internationalization and financing model influence certain parameters of innovation development, in particular, the share of hi-tech export in the overall amount of industrial export and the share of research and development costs in GDP.
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Čermáková, Anna, and Markéta Malá. "Eyes and speech in English, Finnish and Czech children’s literature." Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies 11, no. 1 (2021): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/bells.v11i1.3444.
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This study explores cross-linguistically, in English, Czech and Finnish, eye-behaviour that occurs in children’s fiction in the vicinity of character speech. We explore how authentic eye behaviour, as an important part of non-verbal communication, is rendered in fictional worlds. While there are more similarities than differences across the languages in the characteristics and narrative functions of fictional eye-behaviour, the linguistic encoding differs substantially due to typological differences between the languages. The same semantic roles are often expressed by divergent syntactic means. The divergence is reflected primarily in the relative weight of different word-order principles, the different means of indicating simultaneity, as well as the role of inflection in Finnish and Czech.
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Duch, Jarosław. "PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEMS." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 21, no. 2 (2020): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.2820.
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The article presents characteristics of selected systems of providing public services based on literature study. The area of public administration has been analysed – a local government, associated mainly with legal sciences, is increasingly becoming an interest of economic sciences, including management sciences. The attempt to present the cumulative character of the evolution of administration was the purpose of the article. The article uses extensive foreign and national subject literature.
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Jaffe, Audrey. "Characters and Creatures." Victorian Literature and Culture 48, no. 4 (2020): 773–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150320000297.
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Humans not only err, they often err willingly and explicitly, for both pleasure and edification. We accordingly “find” faces everywhere . . . most frequently, in the “faces” in paintings. And if we look at stars, clouds, and shadows we can find anything we want to find, so great is the indeterminacy of such finding places and so willing are we, for certain purposes, to accept the most minimal likenesses as “like.”Adena Rosmarin, The Power of Genre (1985)Adena Rosmarin's comment is part of a wider discussion of E. H. Gombrich's idea of the role of “schema” in perceptions of art—a concept he uses to explain, among other things, how it is that observers can perceive a face in a collection of lines and dots, and, more generally, why it makes sense to say that all art begins not with nothing but with something. A snowman starts with the schema that is snow, for example, and we “work the snow and balance the shapes till we recognize a man.” And not only do we work the snow to achieve some approximation of human faces and bodies, but we find human characteristics in—or, more accurately, make characters out of—all sorts of things, living and not. Certainly, we project character onto living nonhumans, such as cats, dogs, birds, and plants, imagining that they share our feelings of love, loneliness, and desire, but we also assign character and characteristics to inanimate objects and assorted phenomena: ships, cars, and hurricanes all get names; we may talk to the toaster, or grumble at a shoelace that, we imagine, stubbornly refuses—refuses!—to untie. Thus it is hardly surprising that literary characters, intended expressly as vehicles for imaginative occupation, take on a similarly outsize quality in our psyches. Words on a page, constructions of language, they invite us to consider them as soulmates and doppelgängers; nightmare—or perhaps ideal—versions of parents, brothers, sisters, friends, and selves: the families we might have chosen if we could; the me (or not me) nobody knows.
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Samaon, Srikandi Saemah, and Mary Fatimah Subet. "PERWATAKAN DALAM NOVEL KOMSAS “DI SEBALIK DINARA”: ANALISIS TEORI RELEVAN." Asian People Journal (APJ) 3, no. 1 (2020): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/apj.2020.3.1.155.
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Abstract: Elements of Malay Literature in the Malay Language (ML) was introduced in the learning of Malay Language in secondary schools. There are five main genres in the (ML) study which are traditional poetry, modern poetry, traditional prose, modern prose and novel. Novel is one of the (ML) genres featuring a variety of characters, questionnaire, community culture, values and teaching. Throughout reading the novel, the reader can understand various situations that can give the reader a variety of insights that can enhance the reader's awareness. This study will analyze the characteristics in Di Sebalik Dinara‘s by Dayang Nor. This study is a qualitative study which is a text analysis. In analyzing this novel the researcher will apply the Relevance Theory (TR) approach to cognitive effects and information processing efforts to help the reader understand the character’s characteristics in the novel. The character traits in the novel are analyzed in TR and Bridging Cross Reference (BCR) an elaborate and implicit manner to help the reader understand the characteristic of the character in Di Sebalik Dinara. The results of the TR and RRS analysis can be concluded that the characters in this novel are illustrated one who are self-reliant, responsible, do not act hastily and always cautious in decision-making.
 Keywords: Relevan Theory, character, novel, literature
 
 Abstrak: Elemen Kesusasteraan Melayu dalam Bahasa Melayu (KOMSAS) telah diperkenalkan dalam pembelajaran mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu peringkat sekolah menengah. Terdapat lima genre utama yang terdapat dalam kajian KOMSAS iaitu puisi tradisional, puisi moden, prosa tradisional, prosa moden dan novel. Novel merupakan salah satu genre KOMSAS yang memaparkan pelbagai watak, persoalan, citra masyarakat, nilai dan pengajaran. Melalui pembacaan novel, pembaca dapat menyelami pelbagai situasi yang boleh memberi pelbagai tanggapan kepada pembaca serta dapat meningkatkan kesedaran kepada pembaca. Kajian ini menganalisis perwatakan dalam novel Di Sebalik Dinara karya Dayang Noor. Kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif. Bagi menganalisis novel ini pengkaji, akan mengaplikasikan pendekatan Teori Relevan (TR) yang mementingkan konteks, kesan kognitif dan usaha memproses maklumat bagi membantu pembaca memahami citra atau perwatakan watak dalam novel tersebut. Perwatakan watak yang digarapkan dalam novel tersebut akan dianalisis secara eksplikatur dan implikatur dengan menggunakan analisis TR dan Rangka Rujuk Silang (RRS) bagi memudahkan pembaca/ pelajar memahami keperibadian watak dalam novel Di Sebalik Dinara. Hasil analisis TR dan RRS dapat disimpulkan perwatakan watak dalam novel ini digambarkan sebagai seorang yang berdikari, bertanggungjawab, tidak bertindak terburu-buru dan sentiasa berhati-hati dalam membuat keputusan.
 Kata kunci: Teori Relevan, perwatakan, novel, kesusasteraan
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Cruz, Ronald Allan L. "Here Be Dragons: Using Dragons as Models for Phylogenetic Analysis." American Biology Teacher 79, no. 7 (2017): 544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2017.79.7.544.
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Dragons are a staple of fantasy literature, and various aspects of the creatures (most notably their anatomy) have been explored scientifically across different forms of media. Their distinct anatomical characteristics and the variations therein among the recognized “species” of dragons make the taxa appropriate models for basic phylogenetic analysis in an undergraduate general biology or systematics class. The wyvern, an obviously more primitive, distant cousin of the “true” dragons, is also an appropriate outgroup for these estimations of shared evolutionary history. Separating metallic from chromatic dragons, the generated tree shows relationships among the species that are consistent with their separation in the Dungeons & Dragons games according to alignment, scale color, and religion, three characters that are not used in the analysis. Manual construction of a character matrix and cladogram of dragons followed by repetition of this process via conventional computer software allows the students to track their progress not only in terms of understanding such concepts as choice of character states and parsimony but also in terms of the applicability of said software.
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Sakurai, Yasuhisa, Yoshinobu Onuma, Gaku Nakazawa, et al. "Parietal Dysgraphia: Characterization of Abnormal Writing Stroke Sequences, Character Formation and Character Recall." Behavioural Neurology 18, no. 2 (2007): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/906417.
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Objective:To characterize various dysgraphic symptoms in parietal agraphia.Method:We examined the writing impairments of four dysgraphia patients from parietal lobe lesions using a special writing test with 100 character kanji (Japanese morphograms) and their kana (Japanese phonetic writing) transcriptions, and related the test performance to a lesion site.Results:Patients 1 and 2 had postcentral gyrus lesions and showed character distortion and tactile agnosia, with patient 1 also having limb apraxia. Patients 3 and 4 had superior parietal lobule lesions and features characteristic of apraxic agraphia (grapheme deformity and a writing stroke sequence disorder) and character imagery deficits (impaired character recall). Agraphia with impaired character recall and abnormal grapheme formation were more pronounced in patient 4, in whom the lesion extended to the inferior parietal, superior occipital and precuneus gyri.Conclusion:The present findings and a review of the literature suggest that: (i) a postcentral gyrus lesion can yield graphemic distortion (somesthetic dysgraphia), (ii) abnormal grapheme formation and impaired character recall are associated with lesions surrounding the intraparietal sulcus, the symptom being more severe with the involvement of the inferior parietal, superior occipital and precuneus gyri, (iii) disordered writing stroke sequences are caused by a damaged anterior intraparietal area.
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Taufiqurrahman, Muhammad. "Prophetic Parenting Mencetak Pendidik Berkarakter Dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini." Al Fitrah: Journal Of Early Childhood Islamic Education 1, no. 2 (2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/alfitrah.v1i2.1336.
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Early childhood education is one of the efforts made by the government to start education in the early stages of child development. Through a psychological and educational approach, educators in early childhood must have the characters and competencies that have been implemented by the government in Government Regulation No.27 of 1990 Article 14 Paragraphs (1) and (2). This is a literature research which gathers theories dealing with early childhood educators referring to the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW which is summarized in the terms of Prophetic Parenting. The results of the study are presented in the form of important points for person who is dedicated to becoming an early childhood educator. These points are some forms of character that must be owned by early childhood educators based on several Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. The characteristics of the educator who wants to succeedin his field are not in a hurry, gentle, compassionate, tolerant, not easy to get angry, proportionate and able to give advice. The results of this study are expected to be used by the head of PAUD to create the characters of early childhood educators in accordance with the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. Keywords: Prophetic Parenting, Character, Early Childhood Educator
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Bich Thuy, Le Thi. "SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN VIETNAMESE CULTURE AND LAO CULTURE THROUGH THE MOTIF OF BUILDING ORPHAN CHARACTERS IN THE MAGICAL FAIRY TALES OF TAM AND CAM AND THE GOLDEN TURTLE." Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío 32, no. 2 (2020): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33975/riuq.vol32n2.460.
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Sharing the sources of Southeast Asian folklore and folk literature, magical fairy tales of Vietnam and Laos have many similarities in a motif of building orphan characters. Applying structural theory in fairy tales with immutability and changes, the structure of the story is described by a series of events “signs help to make a schematic comparison of the structure of various tales,” (Propp, 1968, p.25) the article studies the magical fairy tale Tam and Cam of Vietnam and the Golden Turtle of Laos to see the similarities and differences in the motif of building orphan characters. The similarities in the motif of building orphan characters such as: story structure, character system, incarnation motif, unique object motif, magical force motif show the common cultural space of the region. However, the difference in the situation of the story and the use of magical forces and elements in the story show the customs, belief characteristics, artistic tastes and cultural identity of each nation.
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Джиоева, Алеся, Alesya Dzhioeva, В. Соседова, and V. Sosedova. "Representation of Emotions in English and British Worlds: Language and Culture." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 6, no. 5 (2017): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59acfd24b3bba2.52662365.
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The undeniable connection between language and culture allows us to study culture through language, which opens up new possibilities for understanding the mentality of other nations. A typical feature of English, and in a broader sense British, character along with the value of privacy, fair play and tolerance to other nations, is suppressing emotions and their public expression, or stiff upper lip, which is reflected in the English language. Based on examples from English literature, in this article we demonstrate, how the cultural characteristics of a nation get representation in the language. The authors conclude that the emotional restraint is verbalized not only through direct nominations, but also through the description of characters’ actions, with the help of elliptical constructions, irony and understatement.
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Prakoso, Erlangga Arbi, Makmur Keliat, and Fredy Buhama Lumban Tobing. "The Internationalization of Renminbi." Intermestic: Journal of International Studies 4, no. 1 (2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v4n1.5.
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After global financial crisis 2008, the position of the US dollar began to be debated and led to the narrative of the internationalization of renminbi. This literature review discusses how the literatures has evolved regarding internationalization of renminbi. Based on the taxonomy method, this literature review finds three major themes: China’s interest, implementation process, and external reactions. Based on those three themes, this literature review argues that internationalization of renminbi occurs because the character of international relations tends to be competitive due to power relations. This condition triggered the adjustment of Chinese interests according to Chinese characteristics using offshore renminbi centers. Besides using the supply-side approach as the dominant approach, this literature review identifies an increase in discussion after 2009 and also finds approach and empirical gap that use demand-side approach of international actors. This paper contributes to the study of international political economy related to state and market logic.
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Coser, Cornelia. "Daniel Martin’s Multiple Journeys." Romanian Journal of English Studies 9, no. 1 (2012): 194–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10319-012-0020-0.
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Abstract Modern literature modifies the pattern on which most western narration was founded. The hero’s adventures come to exhibit the same dependence on initial conditions as dynamical systems do. In John Fowles’s novel, Daniel Martin, both character and author benefit from multiple journeys, the fractal characteristics of the novel standing in contrast with the wholeness of the vision.
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Pérez García, Ana Belén. "The Tragic Mulatta and Storytelling in Their Eyes Were Watching God." Grove - Working Papers on English Studies 26 (October 24, 2019): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/grove.v26.a4.
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The figure of the tragic mulatta placed its origin in antebellum literature and was extensively used in the literature of the nineteenth and twentieth century. Much has been written about this literary character in a time when the problem of miscegenation was at its highest point, and when studies established that races were inherently different, meaning that the black race was inferior to the white one. Many authors have made use of this trope for different purposes, and Zora Neale Hurston was one of them. In her novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, Hurston creates Janie, a mulatta that a priori follows all the characteristics of this type of female character who, however, breaks away from most of them. She overcomes all stereotypes and prejudices, those imposed on her because of her condition of interracial offspring, and is able to take charge of her own life and challenge all these impositions feeling closer to her blackness and celebrating and empowering her female identity. In this vein, storytelling becomes the liberating force that helps her do so. It will become the tool that will enable her to ignore the need of passing as a white person and provide her with the opportunity to connect with her real identity and so feel free and happy, breaking with the tragic destiny of mulatta characters.
 Keywords: storytelling, tragic mulatta, blackness, Hurston.
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Krishna, Yadu R., and M. Ashitha Varghese. "The Narcissistic Rage in Making of a Psychopath: A Psychological Inquiry of Anita Nair’s Cut Like Wound." Shanlax International Journal of English 9, S1-Dec2020 (2020): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/english.v9is1-dec2020.3622.
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Crime fictions are always celebrated in literature and among which psychopaths are the major interest of the crowd. Deeply analysing these characters of psychopaths one can find various psychological reasons behind them and this paper is intended to analyse one reasonbehind the psychopathic behaviour. The researcher has selected the character of Chikka from Anita Nair’s Cut like Wound.The objective of this paper is to analyse and understand the narcissism in the psychopath and then to identify the role narcissistic rage has played in the making of the psychopath. The researcher follows a step wise analysis of identifying the characters of a narcissist in the psychopath and then identifying the traces of narcissistic rage in the life of the psychopath which brings out the psychopath in him. The researcher has done a psychological reading of the text to understand these characteristics features of the psychopath.
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Penrose, J. D., and R. D. McCauley. "UNDERWATER CHARACTER AND HORIZONTAL PROPAGATION OF AIR-GUN SIGNALS." APPEA Journal 38, no. 1 (1998): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj97046.
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This paper describes work carried out as part of an APPEA/ERDC supported project, Investigation of the Environmental Effects of Offshore Seismic Survey Activities. In this project biological research concerning the interaction of acoustic signals with marine organisms is linked to sound propagation studies focussed on frequencies, water characteristics and seabed types of relevance to offshore exploration practice. A key feature of the propagation component of the project concerns the extent to which lateral propagation of airgun signals in the water column may be adequately predicted.The study of acoustic propagation in the sea is an integral part of both scientific and defence enquiry. In recent years, the comparatively complex issue of propagation in shallow water, here considered as involving depths of 200 m or less, has received increasing attention. The literature concerning low frequency propagation in shallow water has features in common with seismic literature. Different emphases, however, notably concerning applications, the role of shear waves in solids and the geometry of the propagation environment have largely resulted in separate development paths being adopted by these two related fields. This paper summarises the range of modelling approaches available to predict shallow water propagation, some key issues influencing propagation and the influence of water and seabed parameters on model performance.An illustration of propagation model performance is provided in this paper by comparing the output from a normal mode model KRAKEN, with experimental data obtained using a mono-frequency source in shallow water in Cleveland Bay, Queensland. This offers an opportunity to assess propagation in a complex and, in acoustic terms, poorly classified environment. These results will be complemented in the conference presentation by airgun data obtained in Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia.
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Sultanova, B. "AUTHOR'S IDEOLOGYIN THE NARRATIVE OF D.ASHIMKHANULY «CAMEL LONGING FOR THE EARTH»." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 72, no. 2 (2020): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-7804.52.
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This article discusses the skill of Didahmet Ashimkhanuly in revealing the character of the characters in his performances. The author showed that D. Ashimkhanuly is one of the masters of the word, continuing the traditions in B. Maylina and the Russian writer I. A. Bunina. One of the most important qualities and characteristics of Kazakh literature is its democracy. The works of Didahmet Ashimkhanuly are deeply psychological. The prose Didahmet Ashimkhanuly is a prose about the family, about relations between relatives: between mother and children, between brothers and sisters, between husband and wife, etc. Thinking about the aul, the philosophy of human life and happiness are given in the story “Zher aңsagan Saryatan” You bring the highest universal ideas about family, duty, homeland and home from the work of the modern Kazakh writer Didakhmet Ashimkhanuly.
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Romanova, Galina I., and Kristina V. Rizayeva. "GENRE SPECIFICITY OF MIKHAIL ALBOV’S DILOGY “OF PEOPLE «IN SEARCH OF THE CITY»”." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 2 (2020): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-2-145-150.
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Genre specifi cs of the stories «Lyol’ka’s Upbringing» and «A Day in the Vastness of Nature» by Mikhail Albov is considered. Historical-typological analysis of both works is given. Chronotope, type of plots, features of speech organisation in both stories, which are considered as a dilogy, are analysed. The overview characteristic of the existence of the genre of story in the Russian literary process is given, the exclusive affi liation of story genre to Russian literature is noted. Literary trends of the late 19th century are marked, the signifi cant role of the story genre in Russian literature in the 2nd half of the 19th century is indicated. Two traditions in determining the specifi cs of the story genre – by formal features and by meaningful characteristics - are noted. Mikhail Albov’s works general specifi city - the static character of heroes when repeatedly using the same names and life stories of characters in different works of the writer – is presented. The story «Lyol’ka’s Upbringing» by Mikhail Albov is characterised as storytelling traditional one for literature about suffering children, a conclusion about the writer’s creative perception of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s works is made. The story «A Day in the Vastness of Nature» by Mikhail Albov is defi ned as one unrelated to the story «Lyol’ka’s Upbringing» by plot. The article proves that the stories constitute a dilogy. Prevalence of psychology in portraying heroines of both stories is noted; the genre invariant of a story, characteristic of belles lettres of the last third of the 19th century, is identified.
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Prajaningtyas, Nugraheni Bhakti, and Ida Rochani Adi. "Rethinking John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas as Children’s Literature." Lexicon 7, no. 2 (2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.66566.
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This graduating paper aims to examine whether or not John Boyne’s novel entitled The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas should be categorized as children’s literature. The story tells about a nine-year-old German boy named Bruno with his Jewish friend, Shmuel, who lives inside the concentration camp during the Holocaust. This graduating paper applies the genre approach since it is the most suitable approach to analyze the elements of children’s literature genre, which are character and characterization, didactic elements, the happy ending, and element of pictures in children’s literature. In order to support the analysis, library research was conducted alongside the novel itself as well as supporting articles from reliable websites. The result of the analysis shows that John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas cannot be categorized as children’s literature as the characteristics of children’s literature suggested by Nodelman are not found in the novel. However, The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas can be categorized as high literature since the characteristics of high literature are primarily found in the novel.
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Prajaningtyas, Nugraheni Bhakti, and Ida Rochani Adi. "Rethinking John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas as Children’s Literature." Lexicon 7, no. 2 (2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ljell.v7i2.65871.
Full textAbstract:
This graduating paper aims to examine whether or not John Boyne’s novel entitled The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas should be categorized as children’s literature. The story tells about a nine-year-old German boy named Bruno with his Jewish friend, Shmuel, who lives inside the concentration camp during the Holocaust. This graduating paper applies the genre approach since it is the most suitable approach to analyze the elements of children’s literature genre, which are character and characterization, didactic elements, the happy ending, and element of pictures in children’s literature. In order to support the analysis, library research was conducted alongside the novel itself as well as supporting articles from reliable websites. The result of the analysis shows that John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas cannot be categorized as children’s literature as the characteristics of children’s literature suggested by Nodelman are not found in the novel. However, The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas can be categorized as high literature since the characteristics of high literature are primarily found in the novel.
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Grobbelaar, M. "Verskyningsvorme van estetisisme en dekadensie in Sy kom met die sekelmaan en Kaapse rekwisiete." Literator 16, no. 1 (1995): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v16i1.584.
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Manifestations of aestheticism and decadence in Sy kom met die sekelmaan and Kaapse rekwisieteThis article offers a new perspective on the novels of two well-known Afrikaans authors, namely Hettie Smit's Sy kom met die sekelmaan (1937) and Wilma Stockenstrom's Kaapse rekwisiete (1987). Both literary works are read within the framework of late nineteenth-century Western European and British aestheticism and decadence. Characteristic elements of aesthetic and decadent literature, such as an emphasis on artificiality - especially the tendency towards the fictionalization of reality narcissism, sexual perversity, and the utilization of a flowery style are identified in both novels. Stockenstrum 's novel can, however, also be read from a feminist point of view, as is already indicated by the fact that everything is seen through the eyes d f a female character, and by the negative projection of male characters and heterosexual relationships. Lefebvre's Jungian-based search for the Self is a further indication of the feminist character of this novel, as the psychological views of Jung with his accent on identity and individualisation form a myth in its own way in feminist literature.
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Bergmann, Claudia. "THE ABILITY/INABILITY TO EAT: DETERMINING LIFE AND DEATH IN BEL ET DRACO." Journal for the Study of Judaism 35, no. 3 (2004): 262–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570063041705236.
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AbstractBel et Draco, a work of Second Temple Judaism, makes the intentional destruction of two idols by a human being the main topic of its narrative. Unlike other Second Temple texts, which discuss what idols are, how they were created by human hands, why they exist, and how they can be destroyed, Bel et Draco focuses on only one of the characteristics of the idols that will lead to their demise: their ability or inability to distinguish between and consume different types of food. This motif becomes so important for Bel et Draco that it is used in connection with almost every character appearing in the story. How this literary device is used in the description of the fate of the characters and in the establishment of a hierarchy between them is the topic of this article.
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Prihantono, Kahar. "PERGESERAN IDENTITAS BUDAYA DALAM NASKAH LAKON PUTU WIJAYA BILA MALAM BERTAMBAH MALAM: KAJIAN POSTMODERNISME." ALAYASASTRA 14, no. 1 (2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36567/aly.v14i1.130.
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This study attempted to reveal cultural identity shifts in the Putu Wijaya’s play script Bila Malam Bertambah Malam (BMBM) observed from Jean Francois Lyotard’s postmodernism point of view. This study employed sociology in literature approach to analyze the cultural identity of the characters in the BMBM play script, next it would be connected with any symptoms of the Jean Francis Lyotard postmodernism. The results of the study proved that there were cultural identity shifts in the BMBM play script in term of postmodernism point of views including the liberation, reformation, and identity deception and falsify (as an impression formation). The character of Gusti Biang possessed arrogant characteristics to her lowest class assistant (Wayan) in fact the assistant was the biological father of her son. She despised his assistants (Wayan and Nyoman), and opposed to the his son’s (Ngurah) romance with Nyoman. The identity deception as the impression formation appeared in Gusti Biang’s arrogant attitude, she kept glorifying her upper class status (satria) and insulting lowest class status (sudra) although Wayan was the person she loved after the death of her impotent husband. The symptoms of liberation and reformation in term of social class was captured in loyal servant character, Wayan. He devoted himself to his love, Gusti Biang, although the old tradition prohibited him to marry Gusti Biang. Later, both Ngurah and Nyoman dared themselves to break the tradition of inter-class romance.Keywords: cultural identity; social class; postmodernism; sociology in literature; interclass romance;
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Suzryukova, Elena. "PATRON SAINTS OF GEORGIA IN MODERN ORTHODOX WRITERS’ LITERATURE." Проблемы исторической поэтики 18, no. 4 (2020): 348–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j9.art.2020.8762.
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Semantics and functions of images that represent Georgia’s patron saints are examined in this article as exemplified in the Georgian Rhapsody, a collection of stories by O. Nikolayeva, stories by M. Saradzhishvili (from the books Do not rush to condemn and Next to you), Exile, a short story by V. N. Lyalin, and Wonderful journey to Orthodox Georgia by O. Rozhneva. Referring to episodes from the hagiography of Georgian saints in the texts in question allow us to trace the spiritual history of Georgia since the time of adoption of Christianity. The detailed list of saints is present in the books of О. Nikolayeva and О. Rozhneva. Even though only particular periods of Georgia's history are reflected in the stories of М. Saradzhishvili and V. N. Lyalin, the country's patron saints participation in the life of their characters in Georgia’s recent past or present day is undeniable. For example, Saint Equal-to-the-Apostles Nina performs a guardian function and her appearance during the Soviet years provides spiritual support to the female character of V. N. Lyalin’s story. First and foremost, a patron in combat, Saint George the Trophy Bearer is also a patron of the family. Venerable David of Garedzha is both an example of humility and a patron of the hearth and home. With his gift of prophecy, Blessed Gabriel (Urgebadze), mentioned in the book by О. Rozhneva, also assists on the path of personal salvation. Whereas О. Rozhneva’s book is exclusively focused on depicting Orthodox Georgia and its saints, the work of О. Nikolayeva provides a more comprehensive image of Georgia, including a vast stratum of the country’s cultural characteristics. In О. Nikolayeva’s book the saints represent a significant facet of Georgia’s image.
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Pachut, Joseph F., and Robert L. Anstey. "Phylogeny, systematics, and biostratigraphy of the Ordovician bryozoan genus Peronopora." Journal of Paleontology 76, no. 4 (2002): 607–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000041901.
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Specimens of Peronopora Nicholson, 1881, are abundant in Upper Ordovician rocks of the North American Midcontinent. Based on the positions of units in the Composite Conodont Standard Section, we have sampled 211 specimens over a stratigraphic interval of 9.1 million years. The average duration of sample spacing is 61,664 years but is commonly as small as 32,800 yr.Thirty-four morphometric characters were measured in each specimen and were converted into multistate characters; character-state breaks were established based upon each character's ability to discriminate between phenetic groupings. Each character was subsequently weighted based on the number of derived states, degree of independence from other attributes, and estimated heritability.Cladistic analysis of these data indicate that there are eight species in Peronopora each consisting of an optimally defined crown group and a basal stem group (or paraclade). Character states shared by stem and crown groups define species but, within species, stem and crown groups also differ in some character states. The species are, in ascending order from the base of the tree, Peronopora decipiens (Rominger, 1886), P. compressa (Ulrich, 1979), P. pauca Utgaard and Perry, 1964, P. milleri Nickles, 1905, P. horowitzi new species, P. vera Ulrich, 1888, P. sparsa Brown and Daly, 1985, and finally P. dubia (Cumings and Galloway, 1913). Diagnostic keys permit the unique assignment of each specimen to a species and the separation of members of stem groups from those of crown groups. Thirty-one characters are required to discriminate between all 211 specimens. This contrasts with previous studies of Peronopora where eight or fewer characteristics were used. Of the ten characters most useful in discrimination, only three had been used in the conventional species literature. This accounts, largely, for only 29.8 percent (51 of 171) of previously identified specimens being classified as members of the same species in this analysis. Discriminant function analysis of original measurements, using species identity as the grouping criterion, produces statistically significant separation of species.It appears that stratigraphic position had an explicit and undue effect on previous concepts of species many of which could not be recognized independently of stratigraphic position. All species of Peronopora appear, or are inferred to have appeared, within the Lexington Limestone between the base of the Grier Member and the top of the Millersburg Member. The cladogram indicates that species evolved in a sequential order, but their first appearance datums have been stratigraphically punctuated. Three species have ranges terminating in the Early to Middle Maysvillian, one in the Middle Richmondian, and four in the Late Richmondian. The latter four (or five) of these species died out in the extinction associated with the unconformity at the top of the Richmondian.