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1
Al-Jalahma, Abdulla. "Impact of audit committee characteristics on firm performance: Evidence from Bahrain." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 1 (February 14, 2022): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(1).2022.21.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between different audit committee attributes and company performance in Bahrain. This paper investigates the impact of audit committee independence, size, and meeting frequency on company performance (employing ROE, ROA, and Tobin’s Q). Data from all 14 non-financial publicly listed companies on Bahrain Bourse during 2005–2019 were used. The results revealed that companies with independent audit committees and big audit committees in terms of size are performing poorly. It is also shown that the number of audit committee meetings does not affect company performance. Further, this study failed to find any association between the number of audit committee meetings and company performance. The findings show that shareholders might lack knowledge of the importance of corporate governance mechanisms. The results of this study should be of potential interest to different stakeholders, including regulators, investors, and auditors, in their attempts to improve company performance and monitoring mechanisms in emerging economies.
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Lee, Ho-Young, and Hyun-Young Park. "Characteristics of the internal audit and external audit hours: evidence from S. Korea." Managerial Auditing Journal 31, no. 6/7 (June 6, 2016): 629–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-05-2015-1193.
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Purpose Using 5,055 sample firm-years in Korea between 2009 and 2013, this paper aims to examine the association between the characteristics of the internal audit and the number of external audit hours as a proxy for audit efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This study is motivated by the International Standard on Auditing No. 610: “Using the work of internal auditors”. This auditing standard guides external auditors in using the work of internal auditors to obtain audit evidence and consult internal auditors for direct assistance. The authors expect that external audit efficiency will increase when the work of competent internal auditors is used. Findings The authors find that the number of internal auditors relative to the number of employees is associated with the number of external audit hours. This result suggests that the greater the availability of internal auditors, the greater their contribution will be to the financial statement audit and the more efficient the audit. The authors find evidence that external auditors use the work of internal auditors with accounting and legal expertise to improve audit efficiency. They also find some evidence that the work of internal auditors with greater availability is more effective during initial external audit engagements. Originality/value This study adds to the extant literature on the contributions of internal auditors to external audits by using archival data and by measuring audit effort using a large database of audit hours. In addition, our findings have practical implications for firms and external auditors who are evaluating the role and value of using the work of internal auditors. The authors also believe that the findings will be of interest to regulators or auditing standards boards.
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Raweh, Nahla Abdulrahman Mohammed, Hasnah Kamardin, and Mazrah Malik @ Malek. "Audit Committee Characteristics and Audit Report Lag: Evidence From Oman." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 9, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v9i1.14170.
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This study examines and provides empirical evidence on the association between audit committee characteristics and audit report lag, by using data from 255 companies listed in the Muscat Securities market from 2013 to 2017. Multivariate analyses show that audit committee size positively associated with audit report lag and audit committee financial expertise reduces audit lag. However, this study does not find evidence that audit committee independence and meetings are associated with audit report lag. This study concludes that internal mechanisms of corporate governance in Oman are not effective compared to more developed nations and that policymakers in this emerging market should enforce and motivate practices of corporate governance in substance rather than simply adhering to practices in the form.
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Raziūnienė, Daiva, and Uršula Adaškevič. "Evidence of the Financial Audit." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 20 (March 19, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2019.15.
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Evidence is an argument that justifies the truth or falsity of a subjective opinion or assertion. Characteristics of audit evidence directly impact the obtaining process of sufficient audit evidence as well as determine the final audit decision regarding fairness and truthfulness of financial reporting. The purpose of the article is to identify the material aspects of evaluating audit evidence and to define the concept of the financial statement‘s audit evidence. The research methods applied in the article are comparative analysis and synthesis of Lithuanian and foreign scientific literature, interpretation, critical thinking and systematization of financial audit laws and regulations. Furthermore, the article examines the concept of financial audit evidence, its characteristics and criteria of reliability as well as disclosure of material audit evidence.
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Mishra, Mamta, and Amarjeet Kaur Malhotra. "Audit Committee Characteristics and Earnings Management: Evidence from India." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 6, no. 2 (November 9, 2016): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v6i2.10008.
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Earnings management is perceived to be a pervasive phenomenon, spread across companies and industries. It distorts earnings quality and portrays an incorrect picture of a firm’s financial performance. Accounting frauds in companies originate from a culture of widespread earnings management. Audit committees are a popular corporate governance tool to improve the credibility of financial statements. The study, evidently the first of its kind in India, seeks to examine the effectiveness of audit committees in constraining earnings management in Indian companies. Secondary data is collected for a sample of 130 companies listed on the BSE and studied for a three-year period 2013-2015. Univariate correlations, multivariate linear regression, and logistic regression models are used to conduct empirical analysis. Evidence suggests significant impact of audit committee size, multiple directorships of audit committee members and frequency of audit committee meetings on earnings quality. Other audit committee characteristics are not found to have a significant impact on the level of earnings management. Findings of the study throw up useful insights for regulators and company boards to evaluate the efficacy of board audit committees and implement additional governance measures to help preserve the integrity of financial statements.
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Rashid, Amad, Basariah Salim, and Halimah Nasibah Ahmad. "Internal Audit Effectiveness and Audit Committee Characteristics: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan." iRASD Journal of Management 3, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/jom.2021.0301.0021.
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Internal audit function (IAF) is a critical component of corporate governance mechanisms, and researchers have argued that internal audit effectiveness (IAE) is of utmost importance to serve the purpose. The study attempts to contribute to a better understanding on the role of audit committee (AC) characteristics (i.e. AC size, AC meeting frequency, AC expertise and AC independence) as a driver of IAE in public limited companies listed in Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). Two sets of questionnaires were distributed in 400 listed companies, whereas 162 completed sets in all respects with a response rate of 41% were received back. The collected data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results of the study indicated a positive influence of AC size and AC meeting frequency on the IAE of the listed companies. At the same time, the responses failed to establish any significant relationship between AC independence and AC expertise on the IAE.
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Burke, Jenna J., Rani Hoitash, and Udi Hoitash. "Audit Partner Identification and Characteristics: Evidence from U.S. Form AP Filings." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 38, no. 3 (November 1, 2018): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-52320.
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SUMMARY This paper investigates the overall impact of and the information made available by the recent audit partner disclosure requirement in the U.S. After a contentious comment period, the PCAOB released Rule 3211, which requires registered public accounting firms to disclose the name of the audit partner for every audit report it issues. In the first year of adoption, we find a significant increase in audit quality and audit fees and a significant decrease in audit delay. We collect information on partner gender, busyness, education, and social connections to explore whether these newly observable characteristics are associated with audit outcomes. We find that several of these characteristics are associated with variations in audit fees and audit delay, but no evidence of an association with audit quality. Overall, our findings suggest that the disclosure of partner name in Form AP enhances the audit information environment, which supports PCAOB motivation for Rule 3211.
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Senjaya, Melya, and Friska Firnanti. "Auditor Characteristics, Audit Tenure, Audit Fee and Audit Quality." GATR Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol.5(3) Jul-Sep 2017 5, no. 3 (June 22, 2017): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2017.5.3(12).
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Objective - The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the factors that affect audit quality for auditors working in Public Accounting Firms in DKI Jakarta. Methodology/Technique - The independent variables used in this research are: independence, work experience, competency, accountability, audit tenure, and audit fee. The object of this research consists of 25 Public Accounting Firms located in DKI Jakarta. There are 164 respondents used as samples in this study. The sample was selected based on a convenience sampling method with criteria including auditors working at public accounting firms located in DKI Jakarta, with a minimum of one year work duration. This research used statistical tests of multiple regression. Findings - The result shows that independence, accountability, and audit tenure have an effect on audit quality. Meanwhile, work experience, competency, and audit fees have no influence on audit quality. Novelty - The study suggests that to improve audit quality, Public Accounting Firms should pay attention to the independence and accountability of its auditors. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Audit Quality; Independence; Work Experience; Competency; Accountability; Audit Tenure; Audit Fee. JEL Classification: M41, M42.
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Sutaryo, Sutaryo, and Yediel Lase. "Auditors characteristics and audit delay: Evidence from Indonesian regional governments." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 1 (2015): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i1p7.
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Overdue financial statements reporting, more specifically audit delay, can cause losses in its capacity in decision making. We investigate the effects of auditor characteristics on local governments’ audit delay by studying 127 Indonesian local governments. We find that auditor professional proficiency and auditor educational background have significant effect on the audit delay of local government financial statements. Our results also indicate the intersection of some auditor characteristics in affecting audit delay. Our findings mainly suggest that the auditor professional proficiency should be improved to shrink audit delay.
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Alqatamin, Rateb Mohammad. "Audit Committee Effectiveness and Company Performance: Evidence from Jordan." Accounting and Finance Research 7, no. 2 (January 24, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v7n2p48.
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This paper seeks to investigate the effect of audit committee characteristics on the company’s performance. The sample consists of 165 non-financial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) over the period 2014-2016. The results of the study show that the audit committee size, independence and gender diversity have a significant positive relationship with firm’s performance, whereas experience and frequency of meetings has an insignificant association. The results of the study could be beneficial for managers and boards in making suitable choices about audit committee characteristics and corporate governance mechanisms to enhance the company’s performance. The study gives policy makers a better understanding of the different characteristics required of an audit committee, for incorporation in future policy preparation to protect the shareholders’ interests. The relationship between audit committee characteristics and company performance is still ambiguous. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the role of audit committee characteristics in company performance, providing evidence for the view that performance is driven by specific audit committee characteristics.
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Blokdijk, Hans, Fred Drieenhuizen, Dan A. Simunic, and Michael T. Stein. "An Analysis of Cross-Sectional Differences in Big and Non-Big Public Accounting Firms' Audit Programs." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 25, no. 1 (May 1, 2006): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2006.25.1.27.
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A significant body of prior research has shown that audits by the Big 5 (now Big 4) public accounting firms are quality differentiated relative to non-Big 5 audits. This result can be derived analytically by assuming that Big 5 and non-Big 5 firms face different loss functions for “audit failures” and is consistent with a variety of empirical evidence from studies of audit fees, auditor changes, and the stock price reaction to audited earnings. However, there is no existing evidence (of which we are aware) concerning the underlying production differences between Big 5 and non-Big 5 audits. As a result, existing empirical evidence cannot distinguish between the possibility that Big 5 audits are simply perceived to be different (e.g., by investors) or actually differ in how they are produced. Our research objective is to identify the production characteristics of audit engagements that may explain the differences in expected audit quality between Big 5 and non-Big 5 firms. In this archival study, we examine the total audit effort and the allocation of effort to four audit phases—planning, (control) risk assessment, substantive testing, and completion—for a cross-section sample of 113 audits of Dutch companies in 1998/99 by 14 public accounting firms. We find that, after controlling for client characteristics: (1) both types of auditors exert about the same amount of total audit effort; (2) Big 5 auditors allocate relatively more effort to planning and (control) risk assessment, and relatively less to substantive testing and completion; and (3) client size, use of the business-risk-based audit approach, and reliance on client internal controls affect audit hours differently for the two auditor types. We conclude that the Big 5 firms actually produce a higher audit quality level, and that this quality difference is related to how audit hours are deployed in a more contextual and less procedural audit approach.
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Ashari, Sidiq, and Krismiaji Krismiaji. "Audit Committee Characteristics and Financial Performance: Indonesian Evidence." EQUITY 22, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.34209/equ.v22i2.1326.
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Beck, Allison K., Robert M. Fuller, Leah Muriel, and Colin D. Reid. "Audit Fees and Investor Perceptions of Audit Characteristics." Behavioral Research in Accounting 25, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/bria-50403.
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ABSTRACT: We investigate how audit fee disclosures affect investor perceptions of audit characteristics. We find evidence that when audit fees are presented to investors with supplementary contextual information indicating that the fees are low, average, or high (as compared to industry averages), investors perceive audit quality and auditor effort as being low, average, or high, respectively. When not provided with any additional information concerning the audit fee (similar to the present state of disclosures), investors assess audit quality and auditor effort as being average. Surprisingly, we find that while investors perceive auditor independence as low, average, and high when fees are presented as high, average, or low, respectively, investors not provided with any relative fee information assess auditor independence as low, similar to the investors who are presented with high relative fees. This latter finding provides important insight regarding investors' current perceptions of auditor independence, particularly in the absence of relative or comparative audit fee information. Data Availability: Contact the authors.
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Adinehzadeh, Razieh. "Corporate Governance and Firm Free Cash Flows: Evidence from Malaysia." Information Management and Business Review 5, no. 11 (November 30, 2013): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v5i11.1084.
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This study provides view of free cash flow and corporate governance (CG) by addressing the relationship between audit committee characteristics with free cash flow. Specifically, this study explores whether audit committee characteristics are substitutes to control agency problem regarding to free cash flow within Malaysian firms. The data set comprise of 200 firm observations Malaysian companies for four consecutive years, which comprise of 2005 to 2008. The results show that size of audit committee, frequency of audit committee meeting, proportion of audit committee independence is positively associated with level of free cash flow (FCF). The results of study highlight the importance of corporate governance mechanism, in the form of audit committee characteristics, in the management of cash flow.
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Francis, Jere R., and Michael D. Yu. "Big 4 Office Size and Audit Quality." Accounting Review 84, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 1521–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1521.
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ABSTRACT: Larger offices of Big 4 auditors are predicted to have higher quality audits for SEC registrants due to greater in-house experience in administering such audits. We test this prediction by examining a sample of 6,568 U.S. firm-year observations for the period 2003–2005 and audited by 285 unique Big 4 offices. Results are consistent with larger offices providing higher quality audits. Specifically, larger offices are more likely to issue going-concern audit reports, and clients in larger offices evidence less aggressive earnings management behavior. These findings are robust to extensive controls for client risk factors and to controls for other auditor characteristics. While the evidence suggests audit quality is higher on average in larger Big 4 offices, we make no claims that audit quality is unacceptably low in smaller offices.
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Feng, Nancy Chun. "Individual auditor characteristics and audit quality: evidence from nonprofits in the US." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 32, no. 4 (July 27, 2020): 551–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-10-2019-0157.
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PurposeUsing a sample of US nonprofit organizations, where the identity of the auditor in charge of the audit is revealed, I investigate whether individual auditor characteristics (gender, engagement size and tenure) are associated with audit quality.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate how individual audit partner characteristics affect audit quality, I follow Petrovits et al. (2011) and Fitzgerald et al. (2018) who investigate client characteristics and partner tenure as determinants of ICDs in nonprofits. I add three characteristics of the auditor in charge – gender, engagement size and tenure – to their models. In additional analyses, I use subsamples partitioned by client risk and audit firm size, and find that individual auditor characteristics generally play a more significant role in the issuance of ICDs and QAOs for riskier clients than for less risky clients.FindingsMy results show that female auditors are more likely to report internal control deficiencies and issue qualified audit opinions (QAOs) to nonprofits. I also find that auditors with more Single Audit engagements within the same year are less likely to report ICDs. In addition, auditor tenure is negatively associated with the likelihood of issuing an ICD report, suggesting that auditors become complacent as the length of the auditor–client relationship lengthens or, alternatively, that they are better able to assist their clients in correcting ICDs and in maintaining stronger internal control environments as they gain client-specific knowledge over time. Additional analysis suggests tenure and engagement load results are sensitive to the sample specification employed.Research limitations/implicationsOne caveat of this study is that self-selection bias may be present when a client chooses an audit firm, the audit firm selects a client, and the audit firm assigns a partner to the engagement. Future study with more advanced econometric models is needed to mitigate self-selection bias. Another limitation is that my sample consists of nonprofit organizations and may not be generalizable to for-profit firms. Another caveat of this study is that the tenure variable is truncated compared to prior literature (e.g. Fitzgerald et al., 2018). Also given the rarity of audit quality measures in the nonprofit setting, internal control deficiencies and qualified opinions are used as proxies for audit quality because they reflect both the quality of audit work and the quality of organizations' internal control and financial reporting. Future studies with data including additional audit quality measures could shed more light on the topic.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature in several ways. First, this study offers a more comprehensive examination on the impact that a broader set of individual auditor characteristics on audit quality in the nonprofit setting, compared to Fitzgerald et al.'s (2018) study. Second, the findings should be of interest to policymakers who recently mandated engagement partner disclosures from US audit firms (PCAOB, 2015b). Finally, another distinctive feature of this study is that I examine the impact of individual auditor characteristics on audit quality in a setting where Big 4 audit firms are not dominant.
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Singh, Harjinder, and Nigar Sultana. "Board of director characteristics and audit report lag: Australian evidence." Corporate Board role duties and composition 7, no. 3 (2011): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv7i3art3.
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This study examines whether board of director’s independence, financial expertise, gender, corporate governance experience and diligence impact the audit report lag exhibited by Australian publicly listed firms. Using a pooled sample of 500 firm-year observations obtained from the Australian Securities Exchange for the period 2004 to 2008, this study finds evidence that board member independence, board member financial expertise and, to a lesser extent, board member corporate governance experience are the most significant predictors associated with shorter/reduced audit report lag. Main findings are robust to alternative measures of audit report lag, board characteristics and control variables. Findings from this study clearly imply that boards play a substantial role in reducing audit report lag. Results imply that legislative and regulatory requirements, both in Australian and overseas, stipulating board member independence and financial expertise requirements are effective in improving the integrity of financial reporting, a key component of which is timeliness of financial reporting (encapsulated by audit report lag). In addition, an additional board characteristic that regulators should consider promoting among firms is board member corporate governance experience. Results from this study, therefore, have clear implications not only for regulators but also for key stakeholders such shareholders and management.
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Vadasi, Christina, Michalis Bekiaris, and Andreas G. Koutoupis. "The impact of audit committee characteristics on internal audit professionalization: empirical evidence from Greece." Accounting Research Journal 34, no. 5 (June 2, 2021): 447–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-05-2020-0091.
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Purpose This paper aims to provide empirical evidence of the association between audit committee characteristics and internal audit quality through internal audit professionalization. Design/methodology/approach The investigation of the research question was based on 45 usable responses that were received from a survey of chief audit executives from firms listed on the Athens Stock Exchange and combined with publicly available information from annual reports. Findings The results indicate that audit committee characteristics (independence, diligence through frequent meetings and interaction with internal audit through valuation) influence internal audit professionalization. In addition, they demonstrate that internal audit professionalization is also influenced by CEO duality and firm’s external auditor. Practical implications The findings of this study have implications for audit committees wishing to improve their overall effectiveness, by identifying areas with substantial impact on internal audit quality. Moreover, regulators of corporate governance bodies can also benefit from the results to strengthen audit committee’s efficiency regarding internal audit function oversight. Originality/value The results add to the literature on the discussion of internal audit professionalization and complement the work of other researchers in the field of audit committee’s impact on internal audit quality/effectiveness. This study attempts to fill a gap in the literature on the effect of audit committee characteristics on internal audit professionalization, an element introduced from an institutional theory perspective.
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Qeshta, Dr Mohammed Helmy. "Audit Committee Characteristics and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Insurance Sector in Bahrain." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 2 (June 5, 2021): 1666–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i2.1789.
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This study examines the impact of the Audit Committee's characteristics on the performance of the five insurance companies listed on the Bahrain Burse over the period from 2012 to 2019. This study uses four board characteristics indicators; the size of the audit committee, independence of the audit committee, frequency of meetings of the audit committee, and expertise of the audit committee. Besides, this study takes into account two control variables, such as company size and firm age. Three-panel models used with a different dependent variable for each one were used in this study. The results of the study showed a statistically significant negative relationship between meetings of the audit committee and performance. The size of the audit committee, the independence of the audit committee and the experience of the audit committee have no significant association with the performance of the insurance companies listed on the Bahrain Stock Exchange. Alternatively, other AC features, different from those examined in this work, can be examined in future studies, such as the financial experience of its chair, the tenure of the committee and family ownership.
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Boshnak, Helmi A. "THE IMPACT OF AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARACTERISTICS ON AUDIT QUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM SAUDI ARABIA." International Review of Management and Marketing 11, no. 4 (July 12, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.11437.
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Li, Yongqing, Ian Eddie, and Jinghui Liu. "Boards characteristics, audit committee, external auditor and earnings management: Chinese evidence." Corporate Ownership and Control 8, no. 1 (2010): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv8i1c1p4.
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This study investigates the effect of two-tier board characteristics, audit committee, and external auditors on earnings management in China. This study contributes to the empirical literature of corporate governance in China that remarkably differs from the Anglo-Saxon structure in terms of boards’ features and auditing. Using a sample of 622 listed Chinese company-years, this study finds that independent directors on the board of directors are negatively related to earnings management while employee supervisors on the supervisory board are not related to earnings management. The results of empirical analysis also show that the presence of audit committees and the brand auditors are negatively associated with earnings management. Finally, the relationship between qualified audit opinions and the level of earnings management are examined. The results show that qualified audit opinion is associated with a higher level of earnings management. Implications of these findings are discussed with regard to the characteristics of corporate governance and auditing settings in Chinese listed companies. In particular, higher proportion of independent directors on the board can improve the quality of reported earnings. However, it indicates that the role of supervisory board to restrain earnings management is limited with the increase of employee members. In addition, the existence of an audit committee improves the quality of reported earnings. Moreover, external audit play a monitoring role in mitigating earnings management in Chinese listed companies.
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Lipai, Zhang. "Does Shareholding Heterogeneity on First Major Shareholder Incentively Affect Audit Characteristics?-Evidence From Tobacco and Non-tobacco Enterprises." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 4 (July 31, 2021): 474–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.4.1.1.
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Objectives: This study is to examine the effect of first major shareholders on audit characteristics, and emphasize their incentives towards corporate reform. In addition, we also emphasize on the tobacco industry that is totally state-owned by Chinese central government, as their internal audits are mainly conducted by the State Council. Methods: Taking A-share listed enterprises in Chinese Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange as samples, this paper analyzes the changes in corporate audit characteristics, which are caused by the holding heterogeneity on the first major shareholders. Then a series of endogenous and robustness tests are to confirm the baseline results. Based on the results of population, we specifically analyze and forecast the tobacco industries. Results: This positive relationship remains significant. Also, the channels for the first major shareholder to reduce non-standard audit opinions originate from their constraints and incentives, which reflect on enhanced supervision, sustainable business operation and market competition. These contribute to their revised managerial behavior. Finally, additional tests illustrate that the effect of strengthened equity is heterogeneous in terms of size, equity nature and growth stage of enterprises. Conclusion: The study domestrates the importance of equity structure and first major shareholders, which calls attention to managerial motives and behavior. The marginal effect is supposed to be shrunk in tobacco business as it is initially in absolute control by public authority. The already economic profits have made it reached favorable audit report. The enhanced shareholdings of first major shareholders could alleviate managerial myopia and moral hazard, and give the inspiration to enterprises in the reform of the ownership structure. Research limitations/implications-Effect of increasing first major shareholders’ holdings on audits is required to be applied in certain situations. However, the unavailable data and minimal samples of listed tobacco enterprises make it hard to clearly estimate the shareholding effect in this certain industry. Therefore, we have to qualitatively analyse tobacco business based on average population. Originality/value-This paper enlarges the role of major shareholders in audit characteristics, and emphasizes their managerial behavior towards audit process. The study indicates that stronger first major shareholdings tend to obtain qualified and standard audit opinions, pay higher audit fees and select high-quality auditors. The results and anlyses could enlight the tobacco and non-tobacco industries.
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Abbott, Lawrence J., Susan Parker, Gary F. Peters, and K. Raghunandan. "The Association between Audit Committee Characteristics and Audit Fees." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 22, no. 2 (September 1, 2003): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2003.22.2.17.
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This study examines the association between audit committee characteristics and audit fees, using data gathered under the recent SEC fee disclosure rules. We hypothesize that audit fees will be positively associated with audit committee independence, financial expertise, and meeting frequency. We examine a sample of 492 nonregulated, Big 5-audited firms that filed proxy statements with the SEC in the period from February 5, 2001 to June 30, 2001. We find that audit committee independence (defined as an audit committee comprised entirely of outside, independent directors) and financial expertise (defined as an audit committee containing at least one member with financial expertise) are significantly, positively associated with audit fees. This is in contrast to the findings of Carcello et al. (2002a), who find that audit committee characteristics are not significant in the presence of board-related variables. Meeting frequency (defined as an audit committee that meets at least four times annually) was not associated with higher audit fees at conventional levels. This evidence is consistent with audit committees taking actions within their span of control to ensure a higher level of audit coverage.
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Mohd Nor, Juahir, Norsiah Ahmad, and Norman Mohd Saleh. "Fraudulent financial reporting and company characteristics: tax audit evidence." Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting 8, no. 2 (October 26, 2010): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/19852511011088389.
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Mohd Saleh, Norman, Takiah Mohd Iskandar, and Mohd Mohid Rahmat. "Audit committee characteristics and earnings management: evidence from Malaysia." Asian Review of Accounting 15, no. 2 (April 3, 2007): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13217340710823369.
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Gupta, Neeraj, and Jitendra Mahakud. "Audit committee characteristics and bank performance: evidence from India." Managerial Auditing Journal 36, no. 6 (August 4, 2021): 813–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-04-2020-2622.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of various audit committee (AC) characteristics on the performance of Indian commercial banks. Additionally, it also analyses the non-linear relationship of AC size and AC chairman tenure with bank performance. Design/methodology/approach A panel data approach has been used in this study. The authors have used the fixed-effect estimation technique to examine the relationship between AC characteristics and bank performance during the period 2009–2010 to 2016–2017. Findings The authors find that the professional financial education of the AC chairman and members positively affects bank performance. the frequency of the AC meetings and audit chair busyness bears an inverse relationship with performance. The findings are more or less consistent across the various bank performance measures and subsamples classified based on the time period and ownership of the banks. Practical implications This study provides insights to policy regulators and policymakers who are entrusted with the establishment of ACs in the banks in light of the ongoing regulatory reforms. Originality/value The study is among one of the early studies, which study the relationship between AC characteristics and bank performance in the light of recent regulatory reforms. It also extends the existing study by considering both public and private banks operating in India.
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Abbott, Lawrence J., and Susan Parker. "Auditor Selection and Audit Committee Characteristics." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 19, no. 2 (September 1, 2000): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2000.19.2.47.
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The role of the audit committee in corporate governance is the subject of increasing public and regulatory interest. We focus on one frequently noted function of the audit committee: auditor selection. We argue that independent and active audit committee members demand a high level of audit quality because of concerns about monetary or reputational losses that may result from lawsuits or SEC sanction. Auditors who specialize in the client's industry are expected to provide a higher level of audit quality than do nonspecialists. Thus, we predict that firms with audit committees that are both independent and active are more likely to employ an industry-specialist auditor. We find that firms with audit committees that do not include employees and that meet at least twice per year are more likely to use specialists. This study contributes to our understanding of audit committee functions and provides evidence that industry specialization is an important element of auditor selection.
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Al-Matari, Yahya. "Audit committee chairman characteristics and corporate performance: Empirical evidence from Saudi Arabia." Accounting 8, no. 1 (2022): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ac.2021.6.007.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of corporate governance (CG) characteristics, specifically audit committee chairman (ACC) characteristics. (tenure, expertise, and directorship) on corporate performance (CP). The study was executed on 44 firms, which were registered under the finance sector at Bursa Saudi Arabia. In terms of its scope, the study stretched over quite a long period of time and observed a considerable number of firms; more specifically, it lasted from 2015 to 2019, and observed 195 firms. The relationship between the characteristics of audit committee (AC) directors and CP has been studied extensively in the past. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the ACC's characteristics. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, no study has yet studied the effect of CG's characteristics, specifically, the ACC characteristics on CP. The study’s conclusions indicate that corporate governance (CG) characteristics, specifically audit committee chairman (ACC) characteristics (tenure and expertise) are positively related to the performance of finance companies. However, the audit committee chairman’s multiple directorships, on the other hand, has no relationship with corporate performance. Review of literature on the audit committee chairman characteristics used in this study is offered, the practical implications and the recommendations for future research works is also emphasized.
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Meah, Mohammad Rajon, Kanon Kumar Sen, and Md Hossain Ali. "Audit Characteristics, Gender Diversity and Firm Performance: Evidence from a Developing Economy." Indian Journal of Corporate Governance 14, no. 1 (May 26, 2021): 48–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09746862211007244.
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This study aims to explore the impact of audit characteristics and gender diversity on firm performance across family and non-family firms in Bangladesh. Using data of 61 non-family and 48 family firms from 2013 to 2019, this study applies system generalised method of moments approach to carry out regression analysis. Next, the consistency of results is detected by a full sample interaction analysis. In case of non-family firm, this study documents that Big4 audit firms (Big4) and female directors on board (FDR) have significant positive impact on firm performance. Conversely, audit meeting frequency (AMF) contributes negatively to the firm performance. Unfortunately, audit committee size (ACS) and audit committee independence (ACI) have no significant contribution on firm performance. In case of family firms, this study finds that ACS and ACI have significant negative impact on firm performance. Besides, Big4, AMF and FDR have no significant contribution on firm performance. It reflects that corporate governance mechanisms in family firm are not working well and even to some extent detrimental to the firm performance. It, ultimately, demands for reforms in corporate governance framework and incorporating new dimensions for family firms.
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Li, Liuchuang, Baolei Qi, Gaoliang Tian, and Guochang Zhang. "The Contagion Effect of Low-Quality Audits at the Level of Individual Auditors." Accounting Review 92, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 137–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-51407.
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ABSTRACT This study examines the relation between the audit failures of individual auditors and the quality of other audits performed by these same auditors. Employing a Chinese setting where audit reports reveal the identities of engagement auditors, we find that auditors who have performed failed audits also deliver lower-quality audits on other audit engagements, with this “contagion” effect spreading both over time and to other audits performed by these same auditors in the same year. However, we find little evidence that an audit failure also casts doubt on the quality of audits performed by “non-failed” auditors who are same-office colleagues of a “failed” auditor. We further discover that the contagion effect is attenuated for female auditors, auditors holding a master's degree, and auditors with more auditing experience. Our results underscore the usefulness of disclosing the identity and personal characteristics of individual auditors to investors and regulators.
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Masmoudi Mardessi, Sana, and Yosra Makni Fourati. "The impact of audit committee on real earnings management: Evidence from Netherlands." Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review 4, no. 1 (2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv4i1p3.
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This paper aims to examine the effect of the characteristics of an audit committee on real earnings management in the Dutch context. Our sample is composed of 80 non-financial companies listed on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange during the period between 2010 and 2017. Four proxies are used to measure audit committee characteristics, namely, audit committee independence, financial expertise, gender diversity, and audit committee meetings. To test our hypotheses, we use a regression model to identify the influence of a set of audit committee characteristics on real earnings management after controlling for firm audit committee size, leverage, size, loss, growth and board size. Our analyses provide evidence that audit committee independence and gender diversity constrain real earnings management. Our findings also suggest that audit committee financial expertise reduces to some extent the likelihood of engaging in real earnings management. To the best of our knowledge, the Dutch context is not yet explored especially following the issue of the long-awaited new Dutch Corporate Governance Code in 2016 which has been updated for a long period in 2008. Therefore, corporate governance is a relevant topic in the Netherlands. This study contributes geographically to the Audit Committee and earnings management literature that examines another possible method, specifically, real earnings management.
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Kao, Mao-Feng, Min-Jeng Shiue, and Chien-Hao Tseng. "Voluntary audit committees, auditor selection and audit quality: evidence from Taiwan." Managerial Auditing Journal 36, no. 4 (June 16, 2021): 616–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-04-2020-2632.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the Taiwan setting, where audit partners’ names are presented in the audit report and where audit committee formation is voluntary in the initial stage of audit committee reform. This paper investigates the effects of the formation of voluntary audit committees on the selection of individual audit partners, and, in turn, the audit quality. This contrasts with previous studies investigating the relationship between audit committees and auditor selection at the audit firm level. Design/methodology/approach This paper samples all of Taiwan’s publicly listed firms for the period 2007–2012 and uses Heckman’s (1979) two-stage estimation model to achieve our objectives. Findings Using different characteristics of individual engagement partners as proxies for a higher quality auditor, the main empirical results show that voluntary audit committee formation is positively related to an industry specialist lead partner and a lead partner that has a larger number of clients. In addition, this paper also finds that voluntary audit committee formation has a positive impact on audit quality (proxied by discretionary accruals). The results suggest that the voluntary formation of an audit committee contributes positively to both auditor selection and audit quality. Furthermore, an additional test shows that the main empirical results are robust to a validity threat that firms that have good corporate governance prior to the formation of voluntary audit committees tend to select high-quality audit partners. Originality/value The paper contributes to the audit committee literature in the following ways: this paper takes advantage of Taiwan’s unique setting, where forming an audit committee is not compulsory in the initial stage of audit committee reform, to investigate the voluntary audit committee, auditor selection and audit quality; this paper expands on Abbott and Parker’s (2000) study of audit committee characteristics and auditor selection at the audit firm level by examining this relationship at the individual audit partner level; this paper responds to the call by Church et al. (2008) and DeFond and Francis (2005) who propose more studies on audit quality at the individual engagement partner level.
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Ho, Sandra, and Marion Hutchinson. "Internal audit department characteristics/activities and audit fees: Some evidence from Hong Kong firms." Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation 19, no. 2 (January 2010): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2010.07.004.
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Al-Najjar, Basil. "Corporate governance and audit features: SMEs evidence." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 25, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-08-2017-0243.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of corporate governance factors on audit features, namely, audit fees and the selection of Big 4 audit firms within the UK SMEs context. Design/methodology/approach The author uses different regression models to investigate the impact of corporate governance characteristics on audit features, and employs cross-sectional time series models as well as two-stage least squares technique. In addition, the author has used logit analysis to examine the effect of corporate governance factors on the selection of Big 4 audit firms. Findings The author provides new evidence that governance mechanisms in SMEs affect different audit features. The results show that corporate governance mechanisms are important in determining audit fees. The author detects a positive impact of board independence, audit meeting and board size on audit fees. The author also reports evidence that governance factors determine the selection of Big 4 audit firms. In particular, the author reports that independent directors and audit diligence positively affect the decision to select Big 4 audit firms. Originality/value This paper investigates the under-researched relationship between audit features and corporate governance using UK SMEs. In so doing, the author aims to provide new insights into this relationship within the SMEs context.
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McLaughlin, Craig, Stephen Armstrong, Maha W. Moustafa, and Ahmed A. Elamer. "Audit committee diversity and corporate scandals: evidence from the UK." International Journal of Accounting & Information Management 29, no. 5 (October 14, 2021): 734–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijaim-01-2021-0024.
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Purpose This paper aims to empirically analyse specific characteristics of an audit committee that could be associated with the likelihood of corporate fraud/scandal/sanctions. Design/methodology/approach The sample includes all firms that were investigated by the Financial Reporting Council through the audit enforcement procedure from 2014 to 2019, and two matched no-scandal firms. It uses logistic binary regression analysis to examine the hypotheses. Findings Results based on the logit regression suggest that audit member tenure and audit committee meeting frequency both have positive associations to the likelihood of corporate scandal. Complementing this result, the authors find negative but insignificant relationships amongst audit committee female chair, audit committee female members percentage, audit committee qualified accountants members, audit committee attendance, number of shares held by audit committee members, audit committee remuneration, board tenure and the likelihood of corporate scandal across the sample. Research limitations/implications The results should help regulatory policymakers make decisions, which could be crucial to future corporate governance. Additionally, these results should be useful to investors who use corporate governance as criteria for investment decisions. Originality/value The authors extend, as well as contribute to the growing literature on the audit committee, and therefore, wider corporate governance literature and provide originality in that it is the first, to the knowledge, to consider two characteristics (i.e. remuneration and gender) in a UK context of corporate scandal. Also, the results imply that the structure and diversity of the audit committee affect corporate fraud/scandal/sanctions.
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Lee, Eugenia Yujin, and Wonsuk Ha. "Auditors’ response to corporate fraud: evidence from audit fees and auditor turnover." Managerial Auditing Journal 36, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 405–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-12-2019-2515.
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Purpose This study aims to examine how auditors respond to the revelation of clients’ corporate fraud. Design/methodology/approach This study uses an ordinary least squares estimation to examine how audit fees and audit turnover change after the revelation of corporate fraud. Findings After a client discloses fraudulent activities, average audit fees significantly increase due to an increase in audit hours, rather than in audit premiums. Both new and continuing auditors increase audit hours for fraud firms, but only new auditors charge higher audit fees for the increased effort. In addition, when auditors are designated by regulators following the revelation of fraud, audit fees and premiums increase, but audit hours do not. Finally, auditor turnover becomes more frequent after the revelation of fraud. Overall, the findings suggest that auditors update their assessment of audit risks after fraud revelation and, thus, adjust their audit pricing and client acceptance decisions. Practical implications The study provides regulators and audit practitioners with insights into how to audit contract characteristics and regulatory intervention (auditor designations) affect auditors’ response to increased audit risks. Originality/value The study contributes to the auditing literature and practice by providing evidence on how auditors respond to the revelation of fraudulent activities and how their response depends on their ability to determine audit fees. Moreover, we provide novel evidence that audit contracting characteristics and regulatory requirements result in different responses of auditors toward changes in audit risks.
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Safari Gerayli, Mehdi, Yasser Rezaei Pitenoei, and Ahmad Abdollahi. "Do audit committee characteristics improve financial reporting quality in emerging markets? Evidence from Iran." Asian Review of Accounting 29, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-10-2020-0155.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the association between certain audit committee characteristics like independence and financial expertise with financial reporting quality (FRQ) of the firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE).Design/methodology/approachThe sample includes the 558 firm-year observations from companies listed on the TSE during the years 2012–2017, and the study’s hypotheses were tested using multivariate regression model based on panel data.FindingsThe authors find that audit committee independence has no significant effect on corporate FRQ, whereas audit committee's financial expertise significantly improves firms' FRQ. In other words, higher financial expertise of an audit committee can lead to an increase in its FRQ. The findings of the study are robust to alternate measures of FRQ, individual analysis of the research hypotheses for each year and endogeneity problem.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the association between audit committee characteristics and FRQ in emerging capital markets, and so, the findings of the study not only extend the extant theoretical literature concerning the audit committee in developing countries including emerging capital market of Iran but also help investors, managers, capital market regulators, policymakers and audit profession regulators to make informed decisions.
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Al-ahdal, Waleed M., and Hafiza Aishah Hashim. "Impact of audit committee characteristics and external audit quality on firm performance: evidence from India." Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 22, no. 2 (October 11, 2021): 424–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-09-2020-0420.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of audit committee characteristics and external audit quality on the performance of non-financial public limited companies listed on the National Stock Exchange 100. Design/methodology/approach One-way random effect panel data regression was applied to 74 non-financial firms in the Nifty 100 from 2014 until 2019. The overall audit committee index and external audit index were built based on the new Indian Companies Act, 2013 and on a review of the literature to capture the impact of the new Act on firm financial performance. Findings The outcome of the study revealed that there is lack of evidence to show that audit committee characteristics improve the performance of top Indian non-financial listed firms. However, external audit quality was found to have a significant positive impact on the financial performance of firms as measured by Tobin’s Q, while firm size and leverage were found to have a significant impact on the financial performance of firms as measured by return on assets and return on equity. Practical implications This paper will be greatly beneficial for financial practitioners and policymakers because it provides practical suggestions and recommendations about the types of external audit that are indispensable for the overall effectiveness and performance of firms. The study findings may also aid strategic policy formulation and execution for better corporate governance practices for the purpose of profit and wealth maximisation. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, to date, no previous research has evaluated the effects of audit committee features and external audit quality on the financial performance of firms in India after the implementation of the new Companies Act, 2013. Hence, this study fills this void in the present literature by examining the overall features of the audit committee and external audit and their impact on firm performance in the setting of India.
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Alzeban, Abdulaziz. "Influence of audit committees on internal audit conformance with internal audit standards." Managerial Auditing Journal 30, no. 6/7 (July 6, 2015): 539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-12-2014-1132.
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Purpose – This study aims to provide empirical evidence of the association between audit committee characteristics and internal audit conformance with the International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (ISPPIA). Design/methodology/approach – Seventy-four usable responses were received from a survey of chief internal auditors (CIAs) from Saudi companies listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange. Findings – The results indicate that audit committee characteristics (the presence of independent members on the committee, members’ expertise in auditing and accounting and meeting with the CIA) influence internal audit conformance with the ISPPIA. Additionally, they demonstrate that such conformance is also influenced by CIA tenure. Practical implications – The findings of this study also have significant implications for audit committees wishing to improve their overall effectiveness, by identifying the impact of the committee’s characteristics on internal audit conformance with the ISPPIA. Originality/value – The results add to the literature on internal audit standards by introducing a Middle Eastern perspective and simultaneously providing insights for companies in their attempts to adhere to the international standards, hence, supporting efforts towards good corporate governance.
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ElHawary, Engy. "Audit committee effectiveness and company performance: Evidence from Egypt." Journal of Governance and Regulation 10, no. 2 (2021): 134–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgrv10i2art12.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of audit committee characteristics (size, independence, experience, gender diversity, and frequency of meetings) on the company’s financial performance (ROA and ROE) in Egypt. In 2016, the Egyptian Stock Exchange announced a new listing requirement for the audit committee members’ characteristics to enhance its effectiveness. Data are gathered from the board of directors (BOD) and annual reports of the EGX 30 index non-financial listed companies in Egypt for the period of 2016–2018. Data is analyzed by using panel data cross-section data analysis and correlation analysis. The findings reveal that the audit committee size has a significant relationship with ROA only and committee members’ experience is significantly related with ROE only. The other characteristics (independence, meetings, and gender diversity) have no impact on ROA and ROE. Such findings contribute to the literature by providing new understandings regarding the audit committee as a key component of corporate governance and its impact on financial performance. It could also guide and improve the boards’ selection of the audit committee members and gives Egyptian regulators a better understanding of the impact of their latest listing requirements on protecting the shareholders’ interests and increasing their confidence through having transparent financial statements.
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Gul, Ferdinand A., Donghui Wu, and Zhifeng Yang. "Do Individual Auditors Affect Audit Quality? Evidence from Archival Data." Accounting Review 88, no. 6 (June 1, 2013): 1993–2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50536.
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ABSTRACT: We examine whether and how individual auditors affect audit outcomes using a large set of archival Chinese data. We analyze approximately 800 individual auditors and find that they exhibit significant variation in audit quality. The effects that individual auditors have on audit quality are both economically and statistically significant, and are pronounced in both large and small audit firms. We also find that the individual auditor effects on audit quality can be partially explained by auditor characteristics, such as educational background, Big N audit firm experience, rank in the audit firm, and political affiliation. Our findings highlight the importance of scrutinizing and understanding audit quality at the individual auditor level. Data Availability: Data used in this study are publicly available from the sources described herein.
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FLOREZ GUZMÁN, MARIO HEIMER, LAURA GALLEGO COSSIO, MARYI ALEJANDRA RAMÍREZ SANTIAGO, and ANA SIRLEIDY SÁNCHEZ GÓMEZ. "INSTRUMENTOS Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA EVIDENCIA TESTIMONIAL EN EL CARGO DE AUDITORÍA." Pensamiento Republicano 6 (January 10, 2017): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21017/pen.repub.2017.n6.a18.
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Che, Limei, John Christian Langli, and Tobias Svanström. "Education, Experience, and Audit Effort." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 91–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51896.
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SUMMARY This paper examines how audit effort, measured by the estimated number of audit hours used to perform the clients' audits, is associated with engagement partners' formal education, continuing professional education (CPE), and professional experience. Although the literature provides considerable evidence for the determinants of audit fees, our understanding of how audit effort is related to these partner characteristics is limited. The aim of this paper is to shed light on partner-specific factors that may influence how much audit effort they and their team members exert. Using a sample of 1,738 unique partners and 178,770 client-year observations, we find evidence that auditors with a master's degree exert more effort than those with a bachelor's degree. We also find a positive relation between audit effort and CPE. The relation between audit effort and professional experience is nonlinear: the least experienced auditors put in the least effort, moderately experienced auditors exert the most effort, while the effort level of the most experienced auditors is in between. We also document that the accuracy of going concern modified audit reports is higher for more knowledgeable auditors.
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Fariha, Rifat, Md Mukarrom Hossain, and Ratan Ghosh. "Board characteristics, audit committee attributes and firm performance: empirical evidence from emerging economy." Asian Journal of Accounting Research 7, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajar-11-2020-0115.
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PurposeThis study is designed and directed to analyze the effect of board characteristics and audit committee attributes on the firm performance of publicly listed commercial banks of Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThirty publicly listed commercial banks of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) have been taken as sample for this study. Data have been collected from annual reports between 2011 and 2017 of the assessed banks. Pooled OLS model has been used for running regression model of this study.FindingsBoard independence has a negative and significant relationship with ROA and Tobin's Q. However, Board Independence has a positive and significant relationship with Stock Return. On the other hand, Board Diversity has a negative and significant relationship with ROA and ROE, which implies inefficiency of diversified board members in the context of Bangladesh. Family duality has a positive and significant relationship with ROA and a negative and significant relationship with Stock return. Board Meeting has a positive and significant relationship with ROA. Audit Committee Size has a negative and significant relationship with Tobins' Q. Independence of audit committee chairman has a negative and significant relationship with Tobin's Q and Stock Returns. Presence of non-executive directors and number of audit meetings have no significant relationship with any of the predicted variables.Research limitations/implicationsAmong all variables of the board characteristics, role of independent directors and participation of female directors have conflicting results in this study. This has raised a question about the fair appointment independent directors and their objective view on the board. Female directors' role is not convincing in the context of Bangladesh as most of the commercial banks are family-owned. Policymakers can tighten and supervise the appointment of independent directors to ensure good governance in the banking sector. Moreover, role of audit committee and independence of audit committee chairman have generated conflicting results in terms of market-based performance measure.Originality/valueBanking sector of Bangladesh experiences huge corruption in the form of excessive NPLs and poor management quality which results in low profit for the firm. This study has explored the problems of management quality and flaws of audit committee which is hampering overall growth of banking industry. Improvement of independent directors' appointment and audit committee formation and reporting will certainly help banking industry of Bangladesh to improve overall performance.
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Qamhan, Murad Abdulsalam, Mohd Hassan Che Haat, Hafiza Aishah Hashim, and Zalailah Salleh. "Earnings management: do attendance and changes of audit committee members matter?" Managerial Auditing Journal 33, no. 8/9 (September 3, 2018): 760–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-05-2017-1560.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the association between new audit committee characteristics – attendance of audit committee members at meetings and changes of members through the demission or appointment of members of the audit committee during the year – and earnings management. Its objective is to contribute new evidence that extends studies on audit committee characteristics in reducing earnings management. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprises 370 observations obtained from the annual reports of 74 companies listed on the Muscat Securities Market for the years 2008-2012. The panel data are analysed using a fixed effects model to validate the hypotheses and model. Findings This study finds a negative association between earnings management and members’ attendance at the audit committee meetings. Additionally, there is a positive significant relationship between earnings management and changes to members through demission or appointment. Originality/value This study broadens the scope of audit committee characteristics by providing empirical evidence of the relationship between new audit committee characteristics and earnings management and may assist policymakers and regulators in determining ways to enhance audit committee characteristics and improve financial reporting quality.
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Hamdan, Allam, Sabri Mushtaha, and Abd Al-Sartawi. "The Audit Committee Characteristics and Earnings Quality: Evidence from Jordan." Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal 7, no. 4 (2013): 51–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v7i4.5.
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Knechel, W. Robert, Paul Rouse, and Caren Schelleman. "A Modified Audit Production Framework: Evaluating the Relative Efficiency of Audit Engagements." Accounting Review 84, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 1607–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1607.
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ABSTRACT: We develop a model of audit production based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) using labor cost as input and hours spent on evidence-gathering activities that determine the level of assurance as output. Client characteristics are considered exogenous factors that affect audit production as a whole. We apply the model to a sample of U.S.-based engagements from an international accounting firm. Results indicate that a constrained DEA model using variable returns to scale is appropriate for modeling audit production. We find that audits are more efficient for clients that are larger, have a December year-end, and are highly automated. Audits are less efficient when the auditor relies on internal control, tax services are provided, and the client has subsidiaries. We also find that a well-specified regression-based production model can control for factors that influence auditor efficiency. Finally, we find that inefficiencies are impounded in fees for some industries and firm offices.
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Qi, Baolei, and Gaoliang Tian. "The Impact Of Audit Committees Personal Characteristics On Earnings Management: Evidence From China." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 28, no. 6 (October 25, 2012): 1331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v28i6.7347.
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This study investigates the influence of audit committees personal characteristics on the firms earnings management behavior using Chinas publicly traded firms during 2004-2010. Overall, our findings suggest that audit committees several personal characteristics, such as age, gender, education level, and working experience, are associated with earnings management, which in turn may affect the quality of financial reporting. The results are robust after controlling the size, independence, meeting frequency of audit committee, and other firm specific characteristics. The results are consistent with the predictions based on the Upper Echelons Theory. The contributions to the earnings management literature and implications for regulators and investors are also discussed.
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Carp, Mihai, and Costel Istrate. "Audit Quality under Influences of Audit Firm and Auditee Characteristics: Evidence from the Romanian Regulated Market." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 19, 2021): 6924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126924.
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We have estimated the impact of some characteristics of the auditors and of the audited companies on audit quality for the Romanian listed firms (943 observations for the 2007–2019 period), using as a proxy for the audit quality the level of discretionary accruals, measured following the Jones (1991) model, and the accruals quality, estimated through the Dechow and Dichey (2002) model. These dependent variables have been related to variables that reflect both the characteristics of the audit firm (for example, Big 4 membership) and the characteristics of the audited firms (dimension, financial leverage, accounting standards applied, growth and profitability). Our results show that the auditor’s Big 4 membership contributes to an increase in discretionary accruals, decreasing the quality of the audit. The transition to IFRS did not have a significant influence on the quality of the audit. The audit opinion may have an effect on the discretionary accruals and the accruals quality in the sense that a modified opinion leads to an increase in the quality of the audit in the following financial year(s).
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Drogalas, George, Alkiviadis Karagiorgos, Michail Pazarskis, and Nikolaos Vagenas. "Informal interactions between audit committees and internal audit function. Evidence from Greek listed firms." Corporate Board role duties and composition 15, no. 1 (2019): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv15i1art3.
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During the last decade, corporate irregularities created an unstable economic environment, which highlighted the importance of internal audit function (IAF) and audit committee (AC) in the context of corporate governance worldwide. However, a small number of researches have dealt with informal interactions between the audit committee and the internal audit function in Greek entities. In this context, this article investigates, on the one hand, the existence of informal interactions between the audit committee and the internal audit function, whereas on the other hand, it emphasizes on the determination of the factors associated with their existence. In particular, an empirical survey was conducted with the distribution of a questionnaire to Greek entities listed on the Athens Stock Exchange and a logistic regression analysis was used to illustrate the information gathered. This study indicates the existence and the factors influencing informal interactions between the audit committee and internal audit function in Greece. More particularly AC independence, AC chair characteristics and CAE characteristics (independent and objective) were found statistically significantly associated with the informal interaction between the two functions.