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1

Sirayi, Mziwoxolo. "The characteristics of some Xhosa dramas." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002173.

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This study aims at highlighting some crucial aspects of Xhosa drama. These aspects are of great significance for the understanding of Xhosa drama. It also aims to historicize and contextualize examinations of traditional Xhosa drama and modern Xhosa drama.
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2

文秉懿 and Bing-yee Man. "A study of minor comic characters in Yuan drama." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3121177X.

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3

Bender, Ashley Brookner Pettit Alexander. "Personal properties stage props and self-expression in British drama, 1600-1707 /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12081.

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4

Bilatyi, Katy Nomthandazo. "Ukuzotywa kwabalinganiswa ngokwesithako sobunzululwazi bume-ngqondo kwiincwadi zedrama ezikhethiweyo zesiXhosa, ngokweemeko zale mihla." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9913.

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Olu phando luza kugxila kuphononongo lobume bengqondo ephazamisekileyo yabalinganiswa, lujonga kananjalo izimo zabalinganiswa ngakumbi abatsha, indlela abacinga nabenza ngayo izinto. Olu phando luza kuphicotha obu bume bengqondo baba balinganiswa kusetyenziswa iincwadi zedrama ezilandelayo: uBuzani Kubawo, kaTamsanqa, uAmaza, kaQangule, uLiseza kutshona kaMbobo, u-Uthembisa noMakhaya kaMtywaku, Isikhwakhwa noBessie kaMtywaku kunye noNdiyekeni kaJongilanga. Olu thotho lweencwadi zedrama zikhethiweyo luza kusetyenziswa kwakhona ukubhentsisa ubungqondo-lukhuni lwababhali ekuzobeni abalinganiswa abatsha njengoongantweni nolwamvila lolu zobo kwindlela ulutsha oluziphethe ngayo. Olu phando lutshayelelwe ngesahluko sokuqala esiqulathe iingxaki zophando, iinjongo zophando, ukubaluleka kolu phando, okusele kubhaliwe ngophando olu, nalapho olu luza kwahluka khona. Isahluko sesibini sibonisa isithako sobuNzululwazi bume- ngqondo nezinye ezikhaphayo ezifana nenkcubeko apho kujongwa ukuba ingaba inkcubeko ayisetyenziswa na ngendlela ebangela ukuba abalinganiswa abatsha bazibone bekwimo emandla yoxinzelelo. Esi sithako senkcubeko sihambelana neso semo yokuziphatha apha kujongwa ukuba ingaba ukuziphatha kwaba balinganiswa batsha akuqhutywa yindlela uluntu olubabona ngayo bephenjelelwa nayindlela abazotywa ngayo ngababhali. Ezinye izithako ezikhapha esi sobume bengqondo seso sobudala apho kugxilwa kwindlela abajongelwa phantsi ngayo ngenxa yeminyaka yabo luluntu nabazali abaphela bebathathela izigqibo ezikhokelela kuxinzelelo nokuziphatha okungekuhle. Esokugqibela seso seOnomastiki apho kujongwa ukuba ingaba indlela abathiywe ngayo abalinganiswa ayinagalelo kusini na kwindlela oluziphethe ngayo ulutsha. Iimeko zoxinzelelo abazibhaqa bephantsi kwazo abatsha azibangelwa ngamagama abawanikiweyo na nekuye kulindeleke ukuba bawalandele ngenkani nokuba imeko ayivumi. Isahluko sesiThathu sakugxila kwizimo zabalinganiswa ze esesiNe sigxile kubalinganiswa nezigulo zengqondo.
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Mvanyashe, Andiswa. "Uphononongo lokuchubeka kwezimo zabalinganiswa kwiincwadi ezichongiweyo zedrama zesiXhosa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1409.

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Le ngxoxo iza kuthetha ngengcingane yokuchubeka. Phantsi kwengcingane yokuchubeka kuza kuthi kuxoxwe ngezi zinto ziladelayo: ukuchubeka lungileyo kunye nokuchubeka gwenxa, ubuso (imvakalelo), izaci zokuchubeka, ukuchubeka nesini kunye nokuchubeka namandla okanye igunya. Ezi zihloko zingaphantsi ziza kubonakaliswa phantsi kwecandelo lesibini ukuya kwelesine ze isahluko sesihlanu ibe sesokukuqukumbela. Ukuchubeka kufumaneka phantsi kwezifundo zesoshiyolingwistiki. Ingxoxo iza kuthi iqale icacise ngesoshiyolingwistiki. Ukuchubeka kuphuhla kakuhle xa isithethi sisebenzisa amagama entetho-ntshukumo anje ngokuncoma, ukuhlekisa, ukuxolisa njalo-njalo. Ingxoxo iza kuthi inabe nzulu ngengcingane yentetho-ntshukumo. Iza kuphinda ingene nzulu icacisa igama elinentshukumo ngalinye. Le ngxoxo ithi ijonge kwaye iphendule umbuzo othi ingaba ngoobani abachubekileyo kukho amadoda nabantu ababhinqileyo. Lo mbuzo uthi ukhokhelele ingxoxo ekuxoxeni ngesini. Ingcingane yesini iza kuthi isetyenziswe ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo kwaye iza kucaciswa nzulu. Kuyabonakala okokuba apha ekuchubekeni bakhona abantu abachubeka ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Izizathu ezifana nokuthobela amagunya, ukoyika lo mntu athetha naye, ukuhlonipha njalo-njalo.
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6

Warner, Vessela Stoeva. "Cultural identity in Balkan drama : self-perceptions and representations in Serbian, Macedonian and Bulgarian plays from the 1970s through the 1990s /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10238.

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7

Bender, Ashley Brookner. "Personal Properties: Stage Props and Self-Expression in British Drama, 1600-1707." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12081/.

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This dissertation examines the role of stage properties-props, slangily-in the construction and expression of characters' identities. Through readings of both canonical and non-canonical drama written between 1600 and 1707-for example, Thomas Middleton's The Revenger's Tragedy (1607), Edward Ravenscroft's adaptation of Titus Andronicus (1678), Aphra Behn's The Rover (1677), and William Wycherley's The Plain Dealer (1677)-I demonstrate how props mediate relationships between people. The control of a character's props often accords a person control of the character to whom the props belong. Props consequently make visual the relationships of power and subjugation that exist among characters. The severed body parts, bodies, miniature portraits, and containers of these plays are the mechanisms by which characters attempt to differentiate themselves from others. The characters deploy objects as proof of their identities-for example, when the women in Behn's Rover circulate miniatures of themselves-yet other characters must also interpret these objects. The props, and therefore the characters' identities, are at all times vulnerable to misinterpretation. Much as the props' meanings are often disputed, so too are characters' private identities often at odds with their public personae. The boundaries of selfhood that the characters wish to protect are made vulnerable by the objects that they use to shore up those boundaries. When read in relation to the characters who move them, props reveal the negotiated process of individuation. In doing so, they emphasize the correlation between extrinsic and intrinsic worth. They are a measure of how well characters perform gender and class rolls, thereby demonstrating the importance of external signifiers in the legitimation of England's subjects, even as they expose "legitimacy" as a social construction.
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8

Bean, Joann Ruth MacLachlan. "From Thraso to Herod : Hrotsvitha meets the bragging soldier /." *McMaster only, 1999.

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9

Pettegree, Jane K. "Foreign and native on the English stage, 1588-1611 : metaphor and national identity." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/786.

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10

Hagman, Martin. "Matematikundervisning på väg... Men vart ska vi? : Grundskolelärares egna ord om hur de vill utveckla sin undervisning i matematik, analyserat ur ett dramapedagogiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap med inriktning mot tekniska, estetiska och praktiska kunskapstraditioner, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-95702.

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The aim of this thesis is to ascertain how primary school teachers would like to improve their mathematics teaching. The central questions for this research are: In what ways do teachers want to improve their mathematics teaching? How do the teachers justify their statements? What main features can be distinguished out of the teachers answers? Three interviews and seven surveys have been used to collect information from a total of nine teachers, at one primary school. Teaching pupils from preschool to sixth grade. The results have been analysed, interpreted and discussed using a drama pedagogical perspective, inspired by a holistic approach to learning. In order to investigate connections between drama pedagogic and holistic perspectives on learning in the teachers’ answers, three main characteristics of drama pedagogic usage have been defined: To embody (meaning: to act and/or create); Process (meaning: learning takes time and seeks deep understanding); Play (meaning: joyful activity which involves relatively little supervision by the teacher). The results show that teachers would like to work in more practical ways, where investigative and experimental activities are more commonplace. Although not supported by all responses, a significant majority of respondents expressed belief in working methods, and reasoning about learning, with fundamental connections to a drama pedagogic and holistic perspective on learning. This thesis concludes that the teachers surveyed believe in embodiment actions as a learning medium, and that knowledge can be highlighted by the principles of process.

Examensarbete nr 1 (utav totalt 2) inom lärarprogrammet med inriktning drama mot skolår 5 - 9 samt gymnasieskolan.

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11

Feltham, Richard Mark. "Theatre at work : the characteristics, efficacy and impact of participatory actor-based applied theatre in the workplace." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3573.

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This thesis examines the use of actor-based Applied Theatre methods within the workplace. Typically such methods are employed for behavioural skills training with the intention of enabling staff to effectively perform their work roles in a context of rapid and fundamental change to work practices and structures. This research uses case studies and mixed methods and finds that whilst work-based Applied Theatre may be commissioned for reasons of efficiency, in practice there is also the potential for individual efficacy. Whilst competitive forces drive the imperative for increased efficiency, the practice opens a space where the human consequences of this pressure can be explored. Studies of Applied Theatre have ignored or excluded the workplace as a site of research and consequently applications of these methods are under researched and little understood. This thesis questions the exclusive assumptions of the academic field, presenting a more complex picture of the practice than currently appears in the literature. Whilst the workplace presents many tensions that must be negotiated, this research finds that the participative, embodied and dialogic qualities of the practice can enable a space for catharsis, negotiation, expression and learning not possible through other methods. These dialogic and participatory qualities are found to promote a social model of leadership and interaction that is progressive, facilitating a shift away from pervasive mechanistic command and control approaches to management and leadership. A central quality of this efficacy and impact was found to be the role of the workplace actor which has evolved beyond the delivery of performance and into innovative approaches that aim to increase the actor’s contribution to learning. This emerging hybrid role is defined here as the ‘pedagogical actor’, drawing on skills of calibration, feedback and facilitation in addition to delivering a credible performance. Case Studies include an examination of the use actor-based role-play within financial services company Friends Provident and Forum Theatre used by the multi-national 3M, in addition to numerous case examples.
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12

Somburanasin, Monsicha. "Risky Business : Does recognition reduce uncertainty of the movie industry global box office revenue? * of the movie as a one-liner to reflect the characteristics of the movie industry. notifies that Risky Business (1983) is a comedy-drama movie starring Tom Cruise. The writer intentionally uses the name Master Thesis." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12795.

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Introduction Movies are considered entertainment goods. Entertainment is one of the experience industries. Intangibility, perishability and heterogeneity are the most significant characteristics of the movie industry. An emotional reaction of consumers cannot be calculated in the same sense that most other physical goods can. If the movie succeeded in meeting the expectations, ticket price decreases will not necessarily indicate further purchases in the future. There are high risks and uncertainty in the movie industry. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to define through a hedonic price theory establishing whether the recognition is a significant factor to the global success of movies. The global success of the movies is determined by the global box office revenue. There are eight independent variables tested in this paper: global movie popularity, global popularity of the directors, global popularity of the authors, fame (determined by wining Academy Award), major studios, sequel, family genre and animation genre. Only one control variable, which is year of release, is included. Method The paper uses empirical model and the data set along with the results of the empirical analysis to achieve the purpose. Only secondary data were collected for the paper. Conclusion To reduce uncertainty in movie industry box office revenue, according to the data collected, recognition is significant to the consumers’ willingness to pay. The willingness to pay is determined by the global box office revenue. Only four independent variables, namely: sequels, Academy Award, the global popularity of the directors and the global popularity of the authors of the original script, are significant recognition factors to the global box office revenue. Movie producers shall be aware that consumers have to make sure utility gained from the consumption exceeds the costs in order to make purchases. Based on the sample collected, it can be summarized that consumers of the movie industry in general rely on previous consumption and recognition to reduce risks and uncertainty in terms of making purchases.
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13

Hong, Seok-Woo, Seung-Mo Kang, In-Hyuk Choi, Seung-Uk Jung, Dong-Sik Park, Kyoung-Ho Kim, Yong-Jin Choi, Tae-Woo Lee, Haebum Lee, and In-Soo Cho. "Novel Double-Deposited-Aluminum (DDA) Process for Improving Al Void and Refresh Characteristics of DRAM." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-207014.

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In order to resolve the Al void formation originated from the severe stress issues in dynamic random access memory (DRAM), double-deposited-aluminum (DDA) layer process was proposed. This novel metallization process can be effectively and simply performed with the native oxide such as Al 2 O 3 between upper and lower Al metal layer by ex-situ deposition technique. We could effectively control the Al void by adapting the DDA layers with different grain structure. From this novel metallization process, we have confirmed the optimal thickness of Al barrier metal to 100Å to be free from Al voids, which makes it possible to improve the static refresh characteristics of DRAM by 17%.
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14

Chen, Shiang-Ling, and 陳相綾. "A Study on the Advantaged Resources of Television Drama in Korea : Characteristics of Drama Program’s Production Processes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88811325614310565906.

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碩士
淡江大學
大眾傳播學系碩士班
100
Since Korea drama exports to most east Asia countries which makes watching Korea drama be a trend, there must be some features on the production processes of Korea drama. Thus, this research took Korea drama industry as the main object of study, and emphasized on the advantaged resources in the production processes of Korea drama. This research discussed the advantaged resources of Korea drama industry from two sides. First is oligopoly market structure which originated from historic factors. Second is the flow path of drama program’s production focusing on intangible capital, organizational capability, human capital and financial resources. The present, adopting the method of documentary analysis, specially added Korean documentary in order to extend references in this field and press close to the real situations in current Korea drama industry. The result of the study showed that under the mutual influence of production features and oligopoly market structure, the advanced resources of Korea drama industry has its own inimitability. The advanced resources could be concluded into five: market-originated production processes, Production-Marketing Integration performance, personal training, Low-risk Liquidity Management, stable financial sources.
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15

Hua, Wen-Meng, and 温孟樺. "The Shaping of Characteristics in Hakka Dramas Here,we take “Da-ai Legends of Drama” of Rom Shing Hakka Opera Troupe for example." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92nzwp.

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碩士
國立中央大學
客家語文研究所
105
Hakkas drama(opera) has experienced nearly one hundred years. The figure molding is created by culture characteristic that is different from other operas. The study using “The Legends Of Da-ai ” (大隘風雲) by Rom Shing Hakka Opera Troupe (榮興客家採茶劇團) from Miaoli in 2008 to discuss how to perform script conception and mold the role in the opera in order to make characters stand up and then the story becomes interesting and closely interconnected and inseparable. Defined as five chapters, including the first chapter Introduction and the last chapter Conclusion, to talk about “The Legends Of Da-ai” (大隘風雲) plays an important role of Hakkas drama. The second Chapter discussed the creation and development of Hakka’s drama in order to point out “The Legends Of Da-ai”(大隘風雲) is very important representative work and explain its meaning and worth. The third Chapter summarized the historical incident of “The Legends Of Da-ai”(大隘風雲) to understand the director how to distinguish between real events and story to show “Point of view”, “plot” and“Character Type” in Dialogue Operating. It also investigated its final effect. The four chapter is based on the traditional drama themes to see the director how to imagine the characters in the play. The investigation is also to know performers how to mold through dialogues and body-language to make the new life in the Hakka’s history.
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16

Janse, van Vuuren Gerhardus Petrus Benjamin. "Planning a Let's pretend game : games of make-believe : role playing games as devising theatre." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1860.

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This dissertation seeks to formulate guidelines for the construction of a Let's Pretend game in order for a group to create a collaborative narrative through pretend play. A Let's Pretend game would provide a system for a performance event in which players are able to enter an imaginary world, take on roles in such a world and take actions in these roles. For this a Let's Pretend game should have a structured system of play; the structure for narrative in an imaginary environment; the means for participants to collaborate; and the means for participants to direct themselves. The practical component of this research, The Foreshadowing workshop, combines the role-playing game and a devised theatre workshop into one process. In this process the elements of games of make-believe can be identified. Bernard Suits' theory on games of make-believe identifies the prelusory goal, lusory means, constitutive rules, and the lusory attitude as the basic elements of a game. The guidelines for a Let's Pretend game can be derived from the conventions of the role-playing game and devised theatre workshop. These guidelines would address all the requirements of a Let's Pretend game, except self-direction, which is not available in the role-playing game, or devised theatre workshop. For self-direction, guidelines are derived from Bernard Suits' notion of the game as institution through the process of rules clarification. The primary guidelines for constructing a Let's Pretend game then are: that the game structure should foster fidelity to game world specifically through the imaginary roles. The character creation process should allow these roles to be the focus for action resolution. These roles should be able to develop through interactions and these interactions, as dramatic moves, would determine the plot. The structure of the game should further foster collaboration, be easily learnt and transferred, allow for the negotiating of rules and most importantly afford all players access to the directorial function. This dissertation, however, does not attempt the construction of such a Let's Pretend game. This would be the subject of future study.
Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.
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17

Tsai, Dove, and 蔡政宏. "A Study on Characteristics of DRAM Industry and Trend of DRAM Architecture." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88302456883499846366.

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碩士
國立交通大學
科技管理所
89
DRAM industry is drastically changeable, and it changes more rapidly and violently than semiconductor or information industry in market, price, output, process improvement, product change, and interaction of strategy of each company. Moreover, DRAM architecture has been being most chaotic in recent years. PC133 SDRAM、DDR SDRAM and RDRAM(Rambus DRAM) architecture have been proposed and the supporting alliance of each has been being competitive to make its supporting architecture to be the successor of PC100 SDRAM . So the main purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of DRAM industry and trends of DRAM architecture. Through analyzing collected literatures and data, this study defined and divided the characteristics of DRAM into competition element, demand side, supply side, demand-supply side (market, product), and non-market side (anti-dumping) to identify the factors of characteristics. Besides, by applying the spirit of Michael E. Porter''s Diamond model of "The Competitive advantage of Nations", the trends of DRAM architecture is analyzed with four factors, techniques of DRAM architecture, DRAM die manufacturer and its supporting and related industries, demand conditions, and driving strategy,to analyze the architectures and make a comparison of them.
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18

張郁茗. "Study Of The Developmental Characteristics For Taiwan DRAM Factories." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42049924683093650799.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
100
ABSTRACT The DRAM industry is seriously affected by the economic conditions. After the financial crisis in 2008, the global map of the DRAM industry has a huge change. In 2009, the company Qimonda in Europe chose bankruptcy because of the huge loss. The market share of global DRAM was therefore occupied by four major companies which are Samsung (Korea) , Hynix (Korea), Elpida (Japan) and Micron (USA). The DRAM companies in Taiwan join an alliance with these four DRAM major groups through technology transfer and OEM. For example, Nanya Technology allied with Micron cooperation and PSC; Rexchip with Seoul cooperation; and the ProMOS with Elpida cooperation. Taiwan DRAM manufacturers began to participate in the industry from the 6-inch wafer fabs, the 8-inch wafer fabs to 12-inch wafer fabs step by step. The global DRAM leading country was also transferred from Japan, the United States to South Korea. In the transition of the 8-inch wafer fabs round plants to 12-inch wafer fabs nowadays, Taiwan DRAM plants have the chance to be apart from the cooperation model of OEM or technology transfer as long as good integration platform is built. In Taiwan, there are total of nine 12-inch wafer fabs (three Powerchip, ProMOS two, the Rexchip one, Nanya one, Inotera two). It costs about $ 3 billion to build a 12-inch wafer fabs which is at least about three times of the 8-inch wafer fabs. Such a large amount of cost hinders manufacturers to enter or to withdraw from the industry. Within such a high difficulty and high risk, it is worthwhile to investigate the future of Taiwan DRAM industry.
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Sun, Charles, and 孫世昌. "Comparison Analysis of SCM System Characteristics Between DRAM Fab and Fabless Companies." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82298603411566119595.

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碩士
國立交通大學
高階主管管理學程碩士班
91
Abstract DRAM Circuit Design and Wafer Fabrication are the consecutive processes in the supply chain of the semiconductor industry. Circuit design & wafer fabrication used to be undertaken by different departments in a company. Rapid development of process technologies has led to companies’ having to invest greatly in new facilities. The division of these processes has enabled. Wafer Fab Companies to focus on improving the process, output and cost of wafer fabrication. Design Houses can now focus on designing better products. As in all cases of vertical division, companies who can perform very well in their core competence have the best changes of success. This thesis refers to the theoretical skeleton of Chopra & Meindl’s Operation Process of SCM & Push/Pull to reduce the lead time, Porter’s Five Competitive Forces of“Competitive Strategy”, Fine’s “Clock Speed” which considers similarities between biological evolution and industry, Adizes’ “Corporate Lifecycle”, which considers the different managerial styles that prevail in different corporate lifecycle phases, Simchi-Levi and Kaminsky’s “Designing & Managing the Supply Chain”, and Grove’s Six Competitive Forces, which concern strategic alliances to compare and analyze the SCM characteristics of DRAM Fab(Wafer Fabrication) and Fabless(Design House) companies. This study presents the background of the DRAM business、the supply chain characteristics of DRAM fabless companies, the supply chain characteristics of DRAM fab companies, and a comparative analysis of DRAM fabless companies and fab companies. In the chapters on the characteristics of individuals in a supply chain system, organizational characteristics, an analysis of five competitive forces, competitive strength, and the necessity of supply chain management. In the chapter on comparative analysis, the studies focus on the key success factors, and factors of organization, timing, and tools and methods. The final chapter offers key reason in the two industries & offers some suggestions to increase the profitability of companies in the two industries.
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Chi, Hsin-tzu, and 季欣慈. "The 'Korean fad' in Taiwan: A Research on Business Sturucture and Textual Characteristic of Korean Trendy Drama." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88900042660858671899.

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Tung, I.-Cheng, and 董宜承. "The Characteristic Analysis of DRAM MIM Capacitor and STT-MRAM LLG-based Model." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q6p6r9.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
電子工程學研究所
107
Since Samsung released 20nm DRAM products in 2015, DRAM has now migrated to the 1x, 1y, 1z era. The main challenge is how to maintain the sufficient capacitance in the limited area to prevent the sensing error as DRAM capacitor scaling. How to increasing the effective area of capacitor or decrease the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) is the main solution. The problem could be solved by means of changing the structure or materials. However, high dielectric constant oxide generally has the lower energy gap. Therefore, under the condition of the low leakage current, achieve the minimum of equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) to be the next generation DRAM products. On the other hand, Spin-Transfer Torque Magnetic Radom Access Memory (STT-MRAM) has emerged as a promising candidate for the next generation of non-volatile memory. STT-MRAM switching the magnetization through Magnetic Tunneling Junction (MTJ) with polarized current to change their resistance state as data. STT-MRAM has many advantages, including non-volatility, high speed, low power dissipation, and high endurance. In the first part, investigate on ZrO2-based film as DRAM capacitor. During atomic layer deposition (ALD) process, fabricate ZrO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 (ZAZ) film and investigate on the relationship between the locations of interposed layer Al2O3 and electrical characteristics. On the other hand, analyze the ZAZ film with the various location at the different ALD process temperature, and conduct time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) analysis to prevent whether the dielectric has 10-year lifetime on the normal operation or not. In the next chapter, simulate the leakage current of ZAZ film with the various location of Al2O3 the by TCAD simulation, and explain the asymmetry factor of leakage current with the various location of Al2O3 In the second part, establish the model of perpendicular Magnetic Tunneling Junction (pMTJ) on the basis of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. Through the drive current, the dynamic magnetization as a function of time would be switched between high resistant state (HRS) and low resistant state (LRS). The accuracy of the model had been verified with the theorems. Furthermore, according to Fokker-Planck theorem, simulate the initial angle distribution of magnetization owing to thermal fluctuation. Based on the other’s experiment, run the LLG-based model many times to predict write error rate (WER) of STT-MRAM by means of Monte Carlo method and plot Shmoo plot to determine the operation point for WER=1E-6. On the other hand, analyze the change of reliability issue plot after considering the diameter and thickness variation of MTJ owing to process variation.
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Wu, Chia-Jen, and 吳家仁. "Auto Temperature Compensated Self Refresh Characteristic Analysis and Testing Methodology for Low Power DRAM." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18459056646973579889.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立交通大學
電機學院碩士在職專班電子與光電組
95
In recent years, due to the increasing number of Portable electronic products, the specifications of electronic parts for low-power consumption have been proposed continuously for various applications. Inevitably, the specifications for low-power Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) have also been established. The design of Auto Temperature Compensated Self Refresh (ATCSR) is a new design specification and application for memory suppliers in the world to reduce the power consumption of DRAM in refreshing. In this paper, the method of ATCSR is compared with traditional refreshing methods. The concepts for designing ATCSR will also be described. A real circuit after the complete manufacturing process of semi-conductor products is used for analyzing the electric characteristic to investigate the applicability of ATCSR. Finally, a new testing concept and testing method will be proposed by adopting the specifications of ATCSR in DRAM design.
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23

Chiu, Hsien-Nan, and 邱憲楠. "Characteristics of a New Trench Oxide Layer Polysilicon Thin-Film Transistor and its 1T-DRAM Applications." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62184136431112541817.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
98
In this thesis, we propose a simple trench oxide layer polysilicon thin-film Transistor (TO TFT) process and the self-heating effects can be significantly reduced because of its structural advantages. According to the ISE-TCAD simulation results, our proposed TO TFT structure has novel features as follows: 1. The buried oxide and the isolation oxide are carried out simultaneously in order to achieve a goal of simple process. 2. The trench design is used to improve both the sensing current windows (~ 84%) and the retention time (~ 57%). 3. The thermal stability is drastically improved by its naturally formed source/drain tie. The above mentioned features help our proposed device structure to demonstrate the desired characteristics that are better than that of a conventional TFT. Additionally, the thermal instability is drastically improved which is good for long-term device operation.
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24

Hong, Jing-Chi, and 洪淨池. "The Effect of Product Characteristics on Supply Chain Strategy: A Case Study of DRAM Modular Factory." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81162033698743123458.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
工業管理系
93
In the fast changing competitive environment, out sourcing or horizontal integration become common business practices. Thus, it is important to have a suitable designing strategy to give business sustainable competitive advantage. In this study, a supply chain designing approach based on product characteristics to form a focused supply chain is presented. DWV3 approach has been proven as a useful analytic tool. Data from a well-known hi-tech Taiwanese company is collected and apply supply chain mapping principle to form three focused supply chains, such as DRAM modular supply chain, Flash product supply chain and outsourcing component supply chain. Three different production models are proposed accordingly to meet the customer demand. Finally, production planning and control mechanics are suggested for each focused supply chain as well. The whole study could be used by real world practitioners as an example to develop their supply chain strategy.
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25

June-lue, Hong, and 洪禎璐. "The Japanesque Love : Deconstructing the Narrative Formula, Characteristic and Psychological Entailment of the Japanese Love Dramas." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64228060680004545250.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣藝術大學
應用媒體藝術研究所
94
Since 1992, The Japanese Dramas were brought to the market of Television program in Taiwan. The Japanese Dramas changed the people’s life very much and became to be a part of life to them. And, among all the kinds of Japanese dramas, the audience in Taiwan liked the love dramas most. In order to find out that where the crossing-culture influence of the Japanese dramas come from, and the world in them include what kind of elements which attract Taiwanese, this research will deconstruct the Japanese dramas and generalize the narrative formula, characteristic and psychological entailment of them. First, this research reviewed the advance of the Japanese dramas in Japan and Taiwan to comprehend the social meaning of them. Second, it reviewed the structuralism and the narrative characteristic of teleplay. Then, it treated the archetype theory of Carl G. Jung to against the process of the lead’s self-realization. This research chose nine Japanese dramas that has single lead and impact on Japanese and Taiwanese, and analyze the plots about leading lady and leading man to generalize the narrative formula of these Japanese dramas. In the meanwhile, it contrasted the Japanese love dramas and Taiwanese love dramas to find out the characteristic of the Japanese love dramas. At last, this research found out that these Japanese dramas can be divided as three kinds-focusing on lover, focusing on friend, and focusing on equivocal relationship. There were 25 kinds of state between leads, and the most important state are “equivocal state” and “opponent interfering”. The most different characteristics of the Japanese love dramas are “the world of strong women and weak men”, “oscillating love”, “the love fantasy basing on true life”, “the hero walking along by himself”, “All we are good men”.
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26

Lin, Ching-Wei, and 林敬為. "Process Study and Characteristic of Tungsten Plug and Barrier Layer of 36 nm DDR DRAM Metallization." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63299139765812486404.

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27

HSIAO, PEI-YIN, and 蕭珮穎. "The Study on the Perspective of Parents among Brand Images, Satisfactions, and Loyalties in the School's Characteristic Extracurricular Activities- A Case Study on FuShing Junior High School's Drama Club in YiLan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r3jf37.

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Abstract:
碩士
醒吾科技大學
行銷與流通管理系所
107
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between parents' brand image, satisfaction and loyalty of the featured associations, and take the example of the FuShing Junior High School's " Drama Club " in Yilan County. First, based on the relevant literature theory, establish a research structure. Then, Yilan County the FuShing Junior High School's parents were selected as research subjects, and questionnaires were issued for investigation. A total of 312 official questionnaires were distributed, 56 invalid and unrecovered questionnaires were deducted, and 256 valid questionnaires were used. The questionnaire recovery rate was 82.05%. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20 statistical software, and descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, single-factor variance analysis, regression analysis and other methods were used. It is hoped that it will help the school to develop distinctive characteristics and shape the brand in the future, and enhance parents' recognition and loyalty to the school.   The results of this study found that: 1. Parents have a positive and significant correlation with the brand image perception of the featured clubs and the satisfaction of the clubs. 2. The parents of the school have a positive and significant correlation with the brand image recognition of the featured clubs and the school loyalty. 3. Parents have a positive and significant association with the community satisfaction of the featured clubs and school loyalty. 4. Parents of members of special associations and parents of members of special associations, cognition of brand image of featured associations, community loyalty There is a difference between honesty and school loyalty.    Finally, this study proposes practical recommendations for the research results as the basis for the school's reference to the business direction of the featured associations.
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28

lin, mark, and 林俊賢. "A Study of Advanced DRAM Capacitor Structure with Rugged Poly-Si Electrode and High Dielectric Constant Material & Process Optimization for Improved Retention Characteristic." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62652947292432198404.

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Abstract:
博士
國立交通大學
電子工程系
88
Abstract The main goal of this thesis is to improve the refresh time of DRAM cell. It can be accomplished by two approaches. The first approach is to increase the storage capacitance of the cell, while the other approach is to reduce the junction leakage current of DRAM cell. For increased storage capacitance, polycrystalline silicon film with a rugged surface (i.e., rugged poly-Si) was applied. The rugged-poly was deposited by a single-wafer rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition (RTCVD) system, suitable for 12-inch wafer fabrication. In this thesis, the rugged poly-Si films have been successfully fabricated to serve as the bottom storage electrode for the stacked capacitor in dynamic random access memory cells. Our study suggests that the rugged poly-Si is actually formed by the nucleation generation on the amorphous silicon surface and subsequent crystalline growth during the annealing step following deposition. An effective surface area of approximately 2.9 times that of a conventional poly-Si film electrode is obtained. In addition, we have fabricated and studied the electrical and physical characteristics of Ta2O5 films on rapid thermal nitrided (RTN) rugged polycrystalline silicon electrodes for 256M dynamic random access memory (DRAM) application. To overcome the higher leakage current on Ta2O5 films with rugged poly-Si bottom electrodes, we have successfully employed a light oxidation on rugged poly-Si grains for improving the acute angle of surface morphology, and a post-treatment with rapid thermal nitridation of N2O on Ta2O5 films to reduce the leakage current. The successful integration of Ta2O5 film with rugged poly-Si makes it very promising for future 256M dynamic random access memory (DRAM) application. Since the retention time distribution of DRAM consists of a ‘tail distribution’ and a ‘main distribution’. Increasing the storage capacitance only improves the ‘main distribution’ of the DRAM array, but it does not change the tail distribution. Since the refresh characteristics of a DRAM array are determined by the worst-case bits represented by the ‘tail distribution’, so increasing the storage capacitance does not improve the overall refresh characteristics of the DRAM array. The ‘tail distribution’ is found to be affected by thermionic field emission (TFE) current of dislocation and stacking faults, while the ‘main distribution’ is affected by generation-recombination (G-R) current of SiO2/Si interface trapped center and H-atom trapped center. We have performed a detailed study, and found that the ‘tail distribution’ is affected by HDP, furnace oxidation, and etching profile processes. In contrast, we found that the ‘main distribution’ is strongly affected by H2 plasma treatment, and HDP trench filling processes. In this thesis, we have also performed a detailed study on how to optimize shallow trench isolation for DRAM application. The retention time distribution is improved in new DRAM generation by the new STI isolation process. However, the degree of improvement is retarded if furnace linear oxide linear is used. The control of defect generation is therefore very important to improve the retention time distribution. Finally, the effects of contact resistance of the refresh characteristics of DRAM cell were studied. Silicidation process is optimized in order to obtain low contact resistance. We found that the contact resistance of the sample with TiN capping layer is lowered by 10-15% and the nature good yield (minimum refresh time of DRAM up to 80 ms) is higher by 19.7% than those of the sample without TiN capping layer,.
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