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Journal articles on the topic 'Characterization of surfaces'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chan, Chi-Ming, Lu-Tao Wang, and Lin Li. "Applications of Surface Analysis Techniques in Surface Characterization of Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces." Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan 38, no. 5 (2002): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11618/adhesion.38.173.

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2

MALGOUYRES, RÉMY, and GILLES BERTRAND. "COMPLETE LOCAL CHARACTERIZATION OF STRONG 26-SURFACES: CONTINUOUS ANALOGS FOR STRONG 26-SURFACES." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 13, no. 04 (1999): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001499000288.

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In Ref. 6, two similar characterizations of discrete surfaces of ℤ3 are proposed which are called strong 18-surfaces and strong 26-surfaces. The proposed characterizations consist in some natural global properties of surfaces. In this paper, we first give local necessary conditions for an object to be a strong 26-surface. An object satisfying these local properties is called a near strong 26-surface. Then we construct continuous analogs for near strong 26-surfaces and, using the continuous Jordan Theorem, we prove that the necessary local conditions previously introduced in fact give a complet

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3

Russ, John C. "Characterization of Surface Roughness." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 916–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600037077.

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Because of the session at this Microscopy and Microanalysis 2000 meeting concerned with the microanalysis of irregular surfaces, it seems appropriate to briefly review the methods used for the characterization of rough surfaces. This includes both mathematical tools for the concise description of surface roughness, and instruments used to acquire the necessary data. These methods are widely used in industry to characterize and specify the roughness of surfaces prepared by various machining, grinding, polishing, chemical etching, and physical and chemical deposition techniques, and to correlate

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Önder, Mehmet, and H. Hüseyin Uğurlu. "Some Results and Characterizations for Mannheim Offsets of the Ruled Surfaces." Boletim da Sociedade Paranaense de Matemática 34, no. 1 (2016): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5269/bspm.v34i1.24756.

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In this study, we give the dual characterizations of Mannheim offsets of ruled surfaces in terms of their integral invariants and obtain a new characterization of the Mannheim offsets of developable surface, i.e., we show that the striction lines of developable Mannheim offset surfaces are Mannheim partner curves. Furthermore, we obtain the relationships between the area of projections of spherical images for Mannheim offsets of ruled surfaces and their integral invariants.

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5

Jelonek, Włodzimierz. "Characterization of affine ruled surfaces." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 39, no. 1 (1997): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089500031852.

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The aim of this paper is to give certain conditions characterizing ruled affine surfaces in terms of the Blaschke structure (∇, h, S) induced on a surface (M, f) in ℝ3. The investigation of affine ruled surfaces was started by W. Blaschke in the beginning of our century (see [1]). The description of affine ruled surfaces can be also found in the book [11], [3] and [7]. Ruled extremal surfaces are described in [9]. We show in the present paper that a shape operator S is a Codazzi tensor with respect to the Levi-Civita connection ∇ of affine metric h if and only if (M, f) is an affine sphere or

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6

Ghassa, Sina, Hadi Abdollahi, Mahdi Gharabaghi, Saeed Chehreh Chelgani, and Mohammad Jafari. "The Surface Chemistry Characterization of Pyrite, Sphalerite and Molybdenite after Bioleaching." Solid State Phenomena 262 (August 2017): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.262.487.

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The mineral surface chemistry characterization is essential to describe the dissolution kinetics in leaching and bioleaching. Five different methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman Spectroscopy, have been applied to study the surface chemistry changes during pyrite, sphalerite and molybdenite bioleaching. The surface characterizations have been done for samples before and after biological and chemical leaching. The SEM images illustrated that the minerals

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7

Hickel, Werner, Benno Rothenhäusler, and Wolfgang Knoll. "Surface plasmon microscopic characterization of external surfaces." Journal of Applied Physics 66, no. 10 (1989): 4832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344468.

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8

TAKAHAGI, TAKAYUKI. "Special issue "Surfaces". Characterization of Polymer Surface." NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI 65, no. 5 (1992): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2324/gomu.65.270.

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9

Önder, Mehmet, and H. Hüseyin Uğurlu. "On the invariants of Mannheim offsets of timelike ruled surfaces with spacelike rulings." Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 08, no. 01 (2015): 1550009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557115500096.

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In this paper, we give the characterizations for Mannheim offsets of timelike ruled surfaces with spacelike rulings in dual Lorentzian space [Formula: see text]. We obtain the relations between terms of their integral invariants and also we give new characterization for the Mannheim offsets of developable timelike ruled surface. Moreover, we find relations between the area of projections of spherical images for Mannheim offsets of timelike ruled surfaces and their integral invariants.

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10

Pawlus, Pawel, Rafal Reizer, and Michal Wieczorowski. "Parametric Characterization of Machined Textured Surfaces." Materials 16, no. 1 (2022): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010163.

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Surface topography in general is not easy to characterize due to a great number of different features that appear on it. It is still more challenging for machined textured surfaces that are of high functional significance for tribological purposes. For practical reasons, there is a need to describe such surfaces using only a small number of parameters. Which of them represent surface details the best is still an open issue. To find out which parameters can be the most suitable in that case, three groups of machined textured surfaces were prepared. They were plateau-honed cylinder surfaces made

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11

Shen, Jian Yun, Wei Min Lin, Hitoshi Ohmori, and Xi Peng Xu. "Characterization of ELID-Ground Granite Surfaces." Key Engineering Materials 291-292 (August 2005): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.291-292.127.

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In the present study, natural granites were ELID ground with metal-resin bonded diamond wheels on a lap-grinding machine to achieve smooth surface. The surface roughness during the grinding process and final glossiness were examined to describe the formation of finely finished granite surfaces. According to the detailed micro-observation of ground surfaces, it can be concluded that natural granite surface on the main mineral components can be smoothly finished with ELID lap grinding. However, the appearance of natural defects and residual fracture on the ground surface lead to the scattered su

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12

Strass, Karl-Heinz. "Advanced 3D roughness analysis for the characterization of ceramic surfaces." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, CICMT (2011): 000207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2011-wp12.

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Advanced processes often hinge on the ability to reproduce specific surface characteristics. While throughout the past century, the mean roughness value, also expressed as Ra has often been used as the main parameter to classify a surface's ability to retain oil and provide a functional bearing surface, the materials, processes and required functionalities of modern surfaces go far beyond that application. Superficial interfaces now often determine the ability of a consecutive layer to adhere to the substrate or, amongst others, enhance a surface's ability to exchange electrons or other elemen

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13

Chu, Zonglin, and Stefan Seeger. "Superamphiphobic surfaces." Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, no. 8 (2014): 2784–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60415b.

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Progress in superamphiphobic surfaces, including the characterization, different techniques towards the fabrication of surface roughness and surface modification with low-surface-energy materials as well as their applications, is reviewed.

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14

Kong, Lingbao, Yingao Ma, Mingjun Ren, Min Xu, and Chifai Cheung. "Generation and characterization of ultra-precision compound freeform surfaces." Science Progress 103, no. 1 (2019): 003685041988011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850419880112.

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Compound freeform surfaces are widely used in bionic and optical applications. The manufacturing and measurement of such surfaces are challenging due to the complex geometry with multi-scale features in a high precision level with sub-micrometer form accuracy and nanometer surface finish. This article presents a study of ultra-precision machining and characterization of compound freeform surfaces. A hybrid machining process by combining slow slide servo and fast tool servo is proposed to machine compound freeform surfaces. The machining process for this hybrid tool servo is explained, and tool

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15

Almeida, Tiago, Alexandra Alves, Fatih Toptan, Mariano Herrero, Paula Vaz, and João Sampaio‐Fernandes. "Titanium implant surfaces characterization after different surface treatments." Clinical Oral Implants Research 31, S20 (2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/clr.87_13644.

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16

NISHIKAWA, Yuji, and Masatoshi OSAWA. "Biological Surfaces. Characterization of Human Skin Surfaces by Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 45, no. 2 (1994): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.45.172.

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17

Ruzyllo, Jerzy, and Patrick J. Drummond. "Electrical Characterization of As-Processed Semiconductor Surfaces - Invited Paper." Solid State Phenomena 255 (September 2016): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.255.299.

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The paper is concerned with electrical characterization of as-processed semiconductor surfaces and near-surface regions for the purpose of process development and monitoring. The methods of electrical characterization based on Surface Photovoltage (SPV) and Photoconductance Decay (PCD) effects are discussed as being particularly conducive with the needs of as-processed semiconductor surface characterization and experimental results demonstrating merits of the proposed methodology are presented.

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18

Liu, Xiao, Fan Yang, Maokun Li, and Shenheng Xu. "Generalized Boundary Conditions in Surface Electromagnetics: Fundamental Theorems and Surface Characterizations." Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (2019): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9091891.

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Generalized boundary conditions (GBCs) for electromagnetic surfaces are investigated in this paper, which can be used to analytically characterize field discontinuities across two-dimensional surfaces. First, five representative features are described to categorize various surface problems which require proper GBC-based characterization procedures. Next, the generalized boundary conditions are discussed in details, in association with impedance boundary conditions, generalized sheet transition conditions, and surface scattering coefficients. Then an extraction method for surface susceptibiliti

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19

Feng, Zhigang, Xuezai Pan, Guoxing Dai, and Hongguang Liu. "Research on Rock Fracture Surface Morphology Characterization under Brazilian Test." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/434898.

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In order to test the differences in the morphology characterization of rock fracture surfaces under different loading directions and rates, the following three steps are operated. Firstly, using Brazilian test, the Brazilian discs are loaded to fracture under different loading modes. Secondly, each rock fracture surface is scanned with a highly accurate laser profilometer and accordingly the coordinates of three lines on every rock fracture surface and three sections of every line are selected to analyze their fracture morphology characterization. Finally, modulus maximum method of wavelet tra

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20

Teska, Peter, Roderick Dayton, Xiaobao Li, Jason Lamb, and Phillip Strader. "Damage to Common Healthcare Polymer Surfaces from UV Exposure." Nano LIFE 10, no. 03 (2020): 2050001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984420500014.

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Healthcare-associated infections are a significant concern in acute care facilities across the US. Studies have shown the importance of a hygienic patient environment in reducing the risk of such infections. This has caused an increased interest in ultraviolet (UV-C) light disinfectant technology as an adjunct technology to provide additional pathogen reduction to environmental surfaces and patient care equipment (i.e., surfaces). It is also well known that UV-C light can cause premature degradation of materials, particularly certain plastic materials. However, there is little information in t

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21

Yang, Chris, Anatoly Zharin, and Steven Danyluk. "Surface Characterization with an Ionization Probe." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 518–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.518.

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This paper discusses the application of an ionizing source coupled with galvanic differences between metals in a measure of the work function difference between the metal surfaces. The electrical field generated from the contact potential difference (CPD) between two electrodes will cause the gaseous ions to discharge at both surfaces, creating a measurable current. The current depends on the surface size, spacing, and ionizing source power. One of the surfaces (probe) can vary in shape and size, and if inert, can be used to obtain the work function or surface potential of the second surface.

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22

Urzúa, Giancarlo, and José Yáñez. "Characterization of Kollár surfaces." Algebra & Number Theory 12, no. 5 (2018): 1073–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/ant.2018.12.1073.

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23

Verma, Ritwik, and Jay Raja. "Characterization of engineered surfaces." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 13 (January 1, 2005): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/13/1/002.

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24

Wu, Jiunn-Jong. "Characterization of fractal surfaces." Wear 239, no. 1 (2000): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1648(99)00362-2.

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25

Perry, Scott S., and Gabor A. Somorjai. "Characterization of Organic Surfaces." Analytical Chemistry 66, no. 7 (1994): 403A—415A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00079a001.

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26

Schaefer, J. A. "Characterization of semiconductor surfaces." Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 333, no. 4-5 (1989): 516–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00572366.

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27

TAKEI, Takashi. "Characterization of Particle Surfaces." Hyomen Kagaku 24, no. 10 (2003): 614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.24.614.

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28

Engelhardt, Heinz. "Chromatographic characterization of surfaces." Pure and Applied Chemistry 61, no. 11 (1989): 2033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac198961112033.

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29

Lee, C. T., and D. E. Clark. "Characterization of glass surfaces." Applications of Surface Science 20, no. 4 (1985): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-5963(85)90164-3.

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30

Peta, Katarzyna, W. James Stemp, Tera Stocking, et al. "Multiscale Geometric Characterization and Discrimination of Dermatoglyphs (Fingerprints) on Hardened Clay—A Novel Archaeological Application of the GelSight Max." Materials 18, no. 13 (2025): 2939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18132939.

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A relatively new GelSight Max measurement instrument was applied to the microtopographies of experimental hardened clay surfaces, both with and without fingerprint (dermatoglyph) impressions, and the surface of an archaeological pottery handle fragment with a preserved fingerprint (paleodermatoglyph). The experimental clay surfaces were documented in order to determine the instrument’s ability to capture these surfaces in three-dimensions by imprinting them onto an elastomeric tactile membrane. Fingerprints on the experimental hardened clay and the archaeological pottery fragment were mathemat

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31

Bigerelle, M., M. Dalla-Costa, and D. Najjar. "Multiscale similarity characterization of abraded surfaces." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 221, no. 10 (2007): 1473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem770.

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Many surface properties are related to their topography. The characteristics of an engineering surface can be recorded as a roughness profile characterized by calculation of roughness parameters. The supposed relevant parameters are used to characterize the surface and to tailor similar surfaces with the same characteristics. The aim of this paper is to propose an alternative method based on information theory to avoid roughness parameters calculation in quantifying the similarity of two roughness profiles. The relevance of this method is emphasized using experimental profiles.

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32

Parmeggiani, Davide, Francesca Despini, Sofia Costanzini, et al. "Assessing Satellite Data’s Role in Substituting Ground Measurements for Urban Surfaces Characterization: A Step towards UHI Mitigation." Atmosphere 15, no. 5 (2024): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050551.

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Urban surfaces play a crucial role in shaping the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect by absorbing and retaining significant solar radiation. This paper explores the potential of high-resolution satellite imagery as an alternative method for characterizing urban surfaces to support UHI mitigation strategies in urban redevelopment plans. We utilized Landsat images spanning the past 40 years to analyze trends in Land Surface Temperature (LST). Additionally, WorldView-3 (WV3) imagery was acquired for surface characterization, and the results were compared with ground truth measurements using the ASD F

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33

H., Surangi N. Jayawardena, H. Liyanage Sajani, Rathnayake Kavini, Patel Unnati, and Yan Mingdi. "Analytical Methods for Characterization of Nanomaterial Surfaces." ACS Analytical Chemistry 93, no. 4 (2021): 1889–911. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05208.

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This review discusses the present knowledge and recent advances in the techniques used to analyze nanomaterial surfaces, including traditional techniques that are easily accessible to researchers as well as advanced techniques and recent developments. Each technique will only be discussed in the context of its utility in nanomaterial surface characterization. We highlight both advantages and drawbacks of the techniques, and review examples from literature with the focus on recent publications. The following topics will be discussed: (1) ligand structure and conformation, (2) ligand density, (3

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34

MELEKOĞLU, ADNAN. "A NEW CHARACTERIZATION OF WIMAN SURFACES." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 80, no. 3 (2009): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972709000598.

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AbstractLet ℳ be a regular map of genus g>1 and X be the underlying Riemann surface. A reflection of ℳ fixes some simple closed curves on X, which we call mirrors. Each mirror passes through at least two of the geometric points (vertices, face-centers and edge-centers) of ℳ. In this paper we study the surfaces which contain mirrors passing through just two geometric points, and show that only Wiman surfaces have this property.

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35

Yu, De Ping, Yoke San Wong, and Geok Soon Hong. "Automatic Surface Characterization for Micro-Structured Surfaces Fabricated by Fast Tool Servo Diamond Turning." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.534.

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Fast tool servo diamond turning is a promising machining method for precision and complex micro-structured surfaces with spatial wavelength above tens of microns. It is crucial to measure and characterize the micro-structured surfaces to sub-micrometer form accuracy. The general purpose measurement instruments are not able to evaluate the true form accuracy between the measured surface and designed surface. Therefore, in this paper an automatic surface characterization method is proposed to evaluate the form accuracy for micro-structured surfaces. The fabricated surfaces can be measured by any

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36

Zhuang, Hengzhong, and Joseph A. Gardella. "Spectroscopic Characterization of Polymer Surfaces." MRS Bulletin 21, no. 1 (1996): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400035156.

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The surface science of polymer materials has recently grown to a dynamic field, largely because of application in such areas as composite materials, wetting, coatings, adhesion, friction, and biocompatibility. The synthesis of new polymer materials, resulting in desired polymer-surface structures and composition, has become more sophisticated and is driving the development of new spectroscopic probes and continuing evolution of more established methods.A good example of how instrumentation development has led to better applications in polymer-surface science is to follow the growth of studies

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37

Eades, J. A., A. E. Smith, and D. F. Lynch. "convergent-beam diffraction from surfaces." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 45 (August 1987): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100125208.

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It is quite simple (in the transmission electron microscope) to obtain convergent-beam patterns from the surface of a bulk crystal. The beam is focussed onto the surface at near grazing incidence (figure 1) and if the surface is flat the appropriate pattern is obtained in the diffraction plane (figure 2). Such patterns are potentially valuable for the characterization of surfaces just as normal convergent-beam patterns are valuable for the characterization of crystals.There are, however, several important ways in which reflection diffraction from surfaces differs from the more familiar electro

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38

ZHAO Xing, 赵星, 郑义 ZHENG Yi, 张赞 ZHANG Zan, 张娟 ZHANG Juan, 王灵杰 WANG Ling-jie, and 伍雁雄 WU Yan-xiong. "Characterization of freeform optical surfaces based on surface slope." Optics and Precision Engineering 23, no. 7 (2015): 1957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/ope.20152307.1957.

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39

Lewis, Roger D., Jason Kennedy, Mason Andruskiewicz, et al. "Surface Characterization of Replicate Wood Surfaces for Cleaning Studies." Journal of ASTM International 8, no. 10 (2011): 103656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jai103656.

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40

Chabal, Yves J., Oliver Seitz, Damien Aureau, Peter Thissen, and Tatiana Peixoto. "Characterization of Semiconductor Surfaces during Surface Conditioning and Functionalization." ECS Transactions 41, no. 5 (2019): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3630858.

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41

Ohte, T., A. Kojima, M. Katoh, K. Kamata, and S. Ohtani. "Surface characterization of carbon surfaces by cold plasma treatment." Carbon 32, no. 1 (1994): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(94)90024-8.

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42

Mathur, M. S., and J. S. C. McKee. "Characterization of implanted surfaces by unenhanced surface Raman scattering." Surface and Interface Analysis 19, no. 1-12 (1992): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740190156.

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43

Brostow, Witold, and Tea Datashvili. "Chemical modification and characterization of boehmite particles." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 2, no. 1 (2008): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht02.01.027.

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Polymerizable organic silane molecules 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylmethacrylate (3MPS) and vinyltri(2-methoxyethoxy)silane (VTMES) have been introduced onto surfaces of high purity Boehmite (a commercial alumina) via hydroxyl groups on the oxides in order to obtain organic-inorganic hybrid “macromonomers”. Changes of surface characteristics have been determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of the type of silane used and modification conditions have been determined. Preheating was applied to some Boehmite samples; it leads

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44

Lindfors, Juha, Jani Salmi, Janne Laine, and Per Stenius. "AKD and ASA model surfaces: Preparation and characterization." BioResources 2, no. 4 (2007): 652–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.2.4.652-670.

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Model surfaces of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) and alkenyl succinic anhyd-ride (ASA) were prepared by casting and spin-coating methods. The surface chemical composition and surface topography were investigated by XPS, ellipsometry, AFM and contact angle studies. Spin-coating resulted in layered structure of AKD and ASA surfaces; the molecular layer thickness of both AKD and ASA was found to be ca. 2.5 nm. To achieve a covering surface layer, an average thickness of ca. 35 nm was required. The rms roughness of the created surfaces was 1 - 6 nm. Colloidal probe adhesion measurements were performed t

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45

Sobola, Dinara, Pavel Kaspar, Alois Nebojsa, Dušan Hemzal, Lubomír Grmela, and Steve Smith. "Characterization of the native oxide on CdTe surfaces." Materials Science-Poland 37, no. 2 (2019): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2019-0030.

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AbstractThis study focuses on the description of oxidation of CdTe monocrystal surfaces after selective chemical etching. Measurements of surface morphology of the oxides occurring in short time are valuable for deeper understanding of the material degradation and fabrication of reliable devices with enhanced performance. The samples with (1 1 1) orientation were selectively etched and cleaned of oxide. Exposure of the oxide-free surfaces of CdTe to air at normal atmospheric conditions over 24 hours leads to an appearance of characteristic surface features. The oxidized surfaces were investiga

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46

Wang, Qiu Yan, Wen Xiang Zhao, Zhi Qiang Liang, Xi Bin Wang, Li Jiao, and Yong Bo Wu. "Research on Fractal Characterization in Grinding of Monocrystal Sapphire." Materials Science Forum 800-801 (July 2014): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.800-801.186.

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Monocrystal sapphire ground surfaces obtained by ductile mode and brittle mode are analyzed in this paper. A two dimension (2D) fractal properties of different ground surfaces are calculated and analyzed by a box-counting fractal method. The results show that the fractal dimension (FD) in parallel grinding direction can imply the material removal mode, especially for the surfaces with a similar roughness Ra obtained in different material removal modes. The ground surface obtained in ductile mode has much higher FD in the parallel direction than that in brittle mode. For the surface with high F

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47

Douiri, Nisrine, Majdi Khoudeir, and Christian Olivier. "ROUGHNESS CHARACTERIZATION OF AN INDOOR ENVIRONMENT." Image Analysis & Stereology 20, no. 3 (2011): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v20.p225-229.

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For a transmission at 60 GHz inside the buildings, the models of propagation currently developed do not take into account the 3D roughness of surfaces under consideration. In this paper, we deal with the evaluation of the 3D roughness of surfaces in this kind of environment. An indoor environment includes different types of surfaces but the most representative of 3D roughness are walls, ceiling and floor. We propose a method to characterise the 3D roughness of these surfaces by constructing an image space made up of the original image, the image of gradient, the image of curvature and the imag

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48

Brunella, Marco. "A characterization of Inoue surfaces." Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici 88, no. 4 (2013): 859–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/cmh/305.

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Sarrazin, J., A. Lepage, and X. Begaud. "Circular High-Impedance Surfaces Characterization." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11 (2012): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2012.2189349.

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Lejeune, Michaël, Andrea Valsesia, Martin Kormunda, Pascal Colpo, and François Rossi. "Structural characterization of nanopatterned surfaces." Surface Science 583, no. 1 (2005): L142—L146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2005.03.031.

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