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Journal articles on the topic 'Charged'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

NG, C. Y., H. W. LAU, T. P. CHEN, O. K. TAN, and V. S. W. LIM. "DISSIPATION OF CHARGES IN SILICON NANOCRYSTALS EMBEDDED IN SiO2 DIELECTRIC FILMS: AN ELECTROSTATIC FORCE MICROSCOPY STUDY." International Journal of Nanoscience 04, no. 04 (2005): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x05003541.

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In this paper, we report a mapping of charge transport in silicon nanocrystals ( nc - Si ) embedded in SiO 2 dielectric films with electrostatic force microscopy (EFM). By using contact EFM mode, positive and negative charges can be deposited on nc - Si . We found that the charge diffusion from the charged nc - Si to the surrounding neighboring uncharged nc - Si is the dominant mechanism during charge decay. A longer decay time was observed for a wider area of stored charge (i.e. 3 charged spots) due to the diffusion of charges being blocked by the surrounding charged nc - Si . This result is

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2

Li, Zifeng. "Physics Essay: The Nature of Charge, Principle of Charge Interaction and Coulomb's Law." Applied Physics Research 7, no. 6 (2015): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/apr.v7n6p52.

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<p class="1Body">What is “electronic charge”? Why there are two kinds of charges? Why do the same charges repel, and dissimilar charges attract each other? Why does their behavior agree with Coulomb's Law? These are among the most basic questions of physics. Let us assume the existence of a kind of microparticle in the universe, which we can call an electon for our purposes here. Three situations are possible: if an object contains a surplus of electons, it will be positively charged; if a deficit of electons, it will be negatively charged; if an object contains electons equal to its exp

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3

Tai, L. S., Y. W. Wong, Y. M. Poon, and F. G. Shin. "Characteristics of Corona-Charged PET Sandwich Electrets." Materials Science Forum 480-481 (March 2005): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.480-481.123.

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the major electret materials which has been studied and widely used in charge storage applications for a long time. The homo-charge and hetero-charge formation responsible for the electret effect of PET can be explained by the dipolar polarization, space charge separation and charge injection respectively as a result of contact poling or corona charging. These processes are also verifiable from studies of surface charges and thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) of the PET films. Now consider a stack of PET films charged under the same co

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4

Lekner, John. "Electrostatics of two charged conducting spheres." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 468, no. 2145 (2012): 2829–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2012.0133.

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We prove that two charged conducting spheres will almost always attract each other at close approach, even when they have like charges. The one exception is when the two spheres have the same charge ratio that they would obtain by being brought into contact. In this case, they repel, and we derive an analytical expression for the force at contact, for any size ratio, generalizing a force formula for equal spheres obtained by Kelvin in 1853. We also give the electrostatic energy of two arbitrarily charged spheres, and its analytical forms at large and small separations. Expressions are derived

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5

Ahmad, Zulfiqar, Florence Okafor, and Thomas F. Laughlin. "Role of Charged Residues in the Catalytic Sites of Escherichia coli ATP Synthase." Journal of Amino Acids 2011 (July 13, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/785741.

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Here we describe the role of charged amino acids at the catalytic sites of Escherichia coli ATP synthase. There are four positively charged and four negatively charged residues in the vicinity of of E. coli ATP synthase catalytic sites. Positive charges are contributed by three arginine and one lysine, while negative charges are contributed by two aspartic acid and two glutamic acid residues. Replacement of arginine with a neutral amino acid has been shown to abrogate phosphate binding, while restoration of phosphate binding has been accomplished by insertion of arginine at the same or a nearb

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Bohinc, Klemen. "Interactions between charged surfaces mediated by molecules with spatially distributed charges." Pure and Applied Chemistry 85, no. 1 (2012): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-12-04-08.

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A short review of recent theoretical advances in studies of the interaction between highly charged systems is presented. Such a system could not be described by the mean field theory. More advanced methods have to be used in order to introduce the correlations between highly charged particles. In this work I focus on the system of highly charged surfaces, separated by a solution of molecules with spatially distributed charge. Two different representations of the molecular shape will be considered: rod-like and spherical. The system will be theoretically described by the density functional theo

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7

Tian, Yu, Matthew Tirrell, Carley Davis, and Jeffrey A. Wesson. "Protein primary structure correlates with calcium oxalate stone matrix preference." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (2021): e0257515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257515.

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Despite the apparent importance of matrix proteins in calcium oxalate kidney stone formation, the complexity of the protein mixture continues to elude explanation. Based on a series of experiments, we have proposed a model where protein aggregates formed from a mixture containing both strongly charged polyanions and strongly charged polycations could initiate calcium oxalate crystal formation and crystal aggregation to create a stone. These protein aggregates also preferentially adsorb many weakly charged proteins from the urine to create a complex protein mixture that mimics the protein distr

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8

Plançon, A. "Modelling X-ray diffraction by lamellar structures composed of electrically charged layers." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 1 (2003): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889802019362.

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The stacking parameters and nature of a mixed-layer mineral (m.l.m.) are generally determined by modelling its X-ray diffraction pattern. For m.l.m.'s containing electrically charged layers it has been assumed, until now, that they can be described by stacking of electrically neutral units that associate the charged layer itself and a compensating interlayer charge. Some consequences of this hypothesis are difficult to justify,e.g.quite different charges to compensate the same types of interlayers, or, on the contrary, the same charge to compensate quite different types of interlayers. A new m

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9

Yang, Zi, Haocheng Yang, Donglu Shi, and Yilong Wang. "In-Vitro Study of Cancer Cell Binding and Photothermal Inhibition Efficiency by Gold Nanoparticles-Capped Iron Oxide Nanospheres." Nano LIFE 09, no. 01n02 (2019): 1940004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179398441940004x.

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Different from the traditional cancer cell targeting through protein biomarkers, strong negative surface charges of cancer cells over normal cells derived from the dramatic excretion of lactate acid by cancer cells due to their glycolysis have been testified as an effective cancer cell binding strategy. In our previous work, polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with strong positive surface charge and good photothermal property have been applied to kill cancer cells in vitro. Considering the obvious cytotoxicity of the first generation of positively charged nanot

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10

Haupt, Armin, and Nicolas Minc. "Gradients of phosphatidylserine contribute to plasma membrane charge localization and cell polarity in fission yeast." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 1 (2017): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-06-0353.

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Surface charges at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane may contribute to regulate the surface recruitment of key signaling factors. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an abundant charged lipid that may regulate charge distribution in different cell types. Here we characterize the subcellular distribution and function of PS in the rod-shaped, polarized fission yeast. We find that PS preferably accumulates at cell tips and defines a gradient of negative charges along the cell surface. This polarization depends on actin-mediated endocytosis and contributes to the subcellular partitioning of charged

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11

Ahern, Christopher A., and Richard Horn. "Specificity of Charge-carrying Residues in the Voltage Sensor of Potassium Channels." Journal of General Physiology 123, no. 3 (2004): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200308993.

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Positively charged voltage sensors of sodium and potassium channels are driven outward through the membrane's electric field upon depolarization. This movement is coupled to channel opening. A recent model based on studies of the KvAP channel proposes that the positively charged voltage sensor, christened the “voltage-sensor paddle”, is a peripheral domain that shuttles its charged cargo through membrane lipid like a hydrophobic cation. We tested this idea by attaching charged adducts to cysteines introduced into the putative voltage-sensor paddle of Shaker potassium channels and measuring fra

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12

Sercel, Peter C., Andrew Shabaev, and Alexander L. Efros. "Symmetry Breaking Induced Activation of Nanocrystal Optical Transitions." MRS Advances 3, no. 14 (2018): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.19.

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ABSTRACTWe have analysed the effect of symmetry breaking on the optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals due to doping by charged impurities. Using doped CdSe nanocrystals as an example, we show the effects of a Coulomb center on the exciton fine-structure and optical selection rules using symmetry theory and then quantify the effect of symmetry breaking on the exciton fine structure, modelling the charged center using a multipole expansion. The model shows that the presence of a Coulomb center breaks the nanocrystal symmetry and affects its optical properties through mixing and shifti

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13

Qizi, Xudoyberdiyeva Malika Karomat. "Characteristic Orbits Of Charged Particles Around Charged Black Holes." American Journal of Applied sciences 03, no. 04 (2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue04-10.

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We have considered Reissner-Nordstr¨om (RN) charged nonrotating black hole (BH).We have studied motion of charged particles around charged RN BH. It was found out that there are two boundary conditions for specific angular momentum of stable circular orbits corresponding to: innermost stable circular orbits (ISCO) and outermost stable circular orbits (OSCO) and accretion disk is originated between these two orbits. It was obtained the upper and lower limits for the value of particle’s charge which may exist in the accretion disk matter around the extreme charged Reissner Nordstr¨om black hole.

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14

Finger, Sebastian, Christian Schwieger, Ahmad Arouri, Andreas Kerth, and Alfred Blume. "Interaction of linear polyamines with negatively charged phospholipids: the effect of polyamine charge distance." Biological Chemistry 395, no. 7-8 (2014): 769–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2014-0126.

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Abstract The binding of cationic polyamines to negatively charged lipid membranes is driven by electrostatic interactions and additional hydrophobic contributions. We investigated the effect of polyamines with different number of charges and charge separation on the phase transition behavior of vesicles of phosphatidylglycerols (dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol) to differentiate between effects caused by the number of charges, the charge distance, and the hydrophobicity of the methylene spacer. Using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform inf

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15

Naji, J., and S. Heshmatian. "Quark–gluon plasma corresponding to a charged rotating hairy black hole." Canadian Journal of Physics 94, no. 6 (2016): 574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2015-0784.

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We consider a charged rotating black hole in three dimensions with a scalar charge and discuss the jet-quenching parameter. We find that the effect of scalar charge and electric charge is to increase the jet-quenching parameter while the rotation of the black hole may decrease the value of the jet-quenching parameter. We find that viscosity of quark–gluon plasma is enhanced because of the electric and scalar charges.

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16

Abbaszadegan, Abbas, Yasamin Ghahramani, Ahmad Gholami, et al. "The Effect of Charge at the Surface of Silver Nanoparticles on Antimicrobial Activity against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: A Preliminary Study." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/720654.

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The bactericidal efficiency of various positively and negatively charged silver nanoparticles has been extensively evaluated in literature, but there is no report on efficacy of neutrally charged silver nanoparticles. The goal of this study is to evaluate the role of electrical charge at the surface of silver nanoparticles on antibacterial activity against a panel of microorganisms. Three different silver nanoparticles were synthesized by different methods, providing three different electrical surface charges (positive, neutral, and negative). The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles

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17

MALHEIRO, MANUEL, RODRIGO PICANÇO, SUBHARTHI RAY, JOSÉ P. S. LEMOS, and VILSON T. ZANCHIN. "OF CHARGED STARS AND CHARGED BLACK HOLES." International Journal of Modern Physics D 13, no. 07 (2004): 1375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271804005560.

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Effect of maximum amount of charge a compact star can hold, is studied here. We analyze the different features in the renewed stellar structure and discuss the reasons why such huge charge is possible inside a compact star. We studied a particular case of a polytropic equation of state (EOS) assuming the charge density is proportional to the mass density. Although the global balance of force allows a huge charge, the electric repulsion faced by each charged particle forces it to leave the star, resulting in the secondary collapse of the system to form a charged black hole.

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18

Yang, Xiu Li, Tie Min Zhang, Hang Xing, and Hai Xia Qi. "Recycling and Using of Vibration Energy." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 3011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.3011.

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The cymbal piezoelectric energy conversion device is set in the sole in this system. Using positive piezoelectric effect, it can convert vibration energy into electric energy when people walking. It exports AC (Alternating Current) voltage. AC voltage is rectified to DC (Direct Current) voltage and steadied to 4.2. The mobile telephone Li charger is charged by DC voltage. The max charge current is 300, and the min charge current is 100 . A Li battery that is discharged to 3.2 can be charged up to 3.6 through 2 hours when a human whose weight is 60is walking with the speed of 23 steps/sec.

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19

Thomaneck, U., J. Vienken, U. Waldschläger, et al. "Detection of Charges and their Distribution on Dialysis Membranes with Cationic/Anionic Dyes Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy." International Journal of Artificial Organs 14, no. 11 (1991): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889101401102.

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Methods for the detection of positive or negative charges on the surface of biomaterials/membranes and inside a membrane are important for the characterisation of such materials. We tested different dyes and optimized staining procedures. Under standardized conditions negatively charged membranes were stained with cationic triarylmethane compounds such as crystal violet and positively charged membranes with the anionic anthraquinone dye anthralan blue B. There was no staining of uncharged cellulose membranes. The applicability of these methods was demonstrated on membranes coated to varying de

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20

Kawai, Toshiyuki, Mitsuru Takemoto, Shunsuke Fujibayashi, et al. "Enhanced Osteoconductivity of Positively Charged Titanium Metal." Key Engineering Materials 493-494 (October 2011): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.493-494.787.

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We previously found that a positively charged Ti metal has a higher apatite forming ability in vitro than a non-charged Ti metal. For in vivo analysis using a rabbit model, two types of Ti metal were examined: porous Ti metals heat-treated subsequent to a mixed acid treatment (MHs) and porous Ti metals not heat-treated subsequent to the same mixed acid treatment (MOs). Although MHs and MOs had the same macro- and micro-structure, they had different surface charges. MHs, considered positively charged, had significantly higher bone ingrowth than MOs, considered charged zero. Similarly, MHs had s

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21

Luo, Simon, William White, Joseph M. Cardon, and Shane Ardo. "Clarification of mechanisms of protonic photovoltaic action initiated by photoexcitation of strong photoacids covalently bound to hydrated Nafion cation-exchange membranes wetted by aqueous electrolytes." Energy & Environmental Science 14, no. 9 (2021): 4961–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ee00482d.

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Junctions formed from materials that contain mobile charged species and fixed counterions can assist in photo-induced charge separation and lead to photovoltaic action, irrespective of whether the mobile charges are electronic or protonic.

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22

Aubin, Chantal N. St, and Paul Linsdell. "Positive Charges at the Intracellular Mouth of the Pore Regulate Anion Conduction in the CFTR Chloride Channel." Journal of General Physiology 128, no. 5 (2006): 535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200609516.

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Many different ion channel pores are thought to have charged amino acid residues clustered around their entrances. The so-called surface charges contributed by these residues can play important roles in attracting oppositely charged ions from the bulk solution on one side of the membrane, increasing effective local counterion concentration and favoring rapid ion movement through the channel. Here we use site-directed mutagenesis to identify arginine residues contributing important surface charges in the intracellular mouth of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl− c

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23

ZENG, XIAOXIONG. "FERMIONS TUNNELING OF DYONIC PARTICLES FROM THE CHARGED AND MAGNETIZED BLACK HOLES." Modern Physics Letters A 24, no. 20 (2009): 1605–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732309029958.

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The fermions tunneling formulism of Kerner and Mann is extended to the case of black holes with electric and magnetic charges. As the electric and magnetic fields would couple with gravity field, we introduce the Dirac equation of charged and magnetized particles. We study the spin-up particles from the Reissner–Nordström black hole with magnetic charges and spin-down particles from the Kerr–Newman–Kasuya black hole and obtain the corresponding emission temperatures. In particular, we also provide a simplified method by defining an equivalent charge and gauge potential to further discuss tunne

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24

LIN, KAI, NAN YANG, JIN LI, SHANSHAN CHEN, and XIUQIANG YI. "DIRAC QUASINORMAL MODES OF CHARGED BRANEWORLD BLACK HOLE." Modern Physics Letters A 25, no. 39 (2010): 3313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732310034377.

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We study the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of charged braneworld black hole, which carry two types of "charge". In this paper, the six-order Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) approximation is applied to calculate the quasinormal frequencies (QNF), and then two types of charges affecting the shape of potential function, and oscillation frequency increases with increasing β while the damping of QMNs is slower as β is smaller.

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25

Yokoi, Hidenori, and Takatoshi Kinoshita. "Strategy for Designing Self-Assembling Peptides to Prepare Transparent Nanofiber Hydrogel at Neutral pH." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/537262.

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This study examined the formation of nanofiber hydrogels at neutral pH for 16 types of peptides with different net charges, hydrophobicities, and degrees of polymerization. The peptides formed various hydrogels depending on the arrangement of charged amino acids in the antiparallelβ-sheet structure. Circular dichroism (CD) measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), visible light spectroscopy, and dynamic viscoelasticity measurement showed that the formation of transparent nanofiber hydrogels in peptides requires at least 2 additional positively or negatively charged amino acids per peptide. W

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FOOT, R., G. C. JOSHI, H. LEW, and R. R. VOLKAS. "CHARGED NEUTRINOS?" Modern Physics Letters A 05, no. 02 (1990): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732390000123.

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If right-handed neutrinos are added to the Standard Model (SM), then the charge assignments of the quarks and leptons are not fixed by anomaly cancellation, but depend on a free continuous parameter. Thus if right-handed neutrinos exist then it is possible that there also exist small deviations from the canonical assignments of the electric charge, leading to charged neutrinos and neutrons. Experiment is used to limit this parameter. It is pointed out that a nearly massless neutrino with a small charge may nonetheless have large tree-level and anomalous magnetic moments. Ways that the SM might

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27

Nguyen, T. T., and B. I. Shklovskii. "Inversion of DNA charge by a positive polymer via fractionalization of the polymer charge." Journal de Physique IV 12, no. 9 (2002): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20020398.

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Charge inversion of a DNA double helix by an oppositely charged flexible polyelectrolyte (PE) is widely used for gene delivery. It is considered here in terms of discrete charges of DNA. We concentrate on the worst scenario case when in the neutral state of the DNA-PE complex, each of the DNA charges is locally compensated by a PE charge and show that charge inversion exists even in this case. When an additional PE molecule is adsorbed by DNA, its charge gets fractionalized into monomer charges of defects (tails and arches) on the background of the perfectly neutralized DNA. These charges spre

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김민주 and 김중복. "Charge Measurement of Charged Tapes." School Science Journal 6, no. 3 (2012): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15737/ssj.6.3.201210.217.

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LEE, YONG K. "STUDY OF CHARGES IN FLUORINATED POLYIMIDE FILM BY USING CAPACITANCE-VOLTAGE METHOD." Modern Physics Letters B 20, no. 07 (2006): 379–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984906010822.

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The deviations of ideality, such as shifts or distortions, in the Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) curve were examined to characterize charges in fluorinated polyimide film in MPOS ( Cu -fluorinated polyimide film- SiO 2 -Si ) test structure. It was observed that charges in fluorinated polyimide film hard baked at 325°C and annealed at 425°C were mobile and positive charged. The mobile charge concentration was 1011/ cm 2 and the activation energy of the drift of positive mobile charge was 0.6 V.

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Schwelberger, Matthias, Athanasios Mamakos, Martin Fierz, and Barouch Giechaskiel. "Experimental Assessment of an Electrofilter and a Tandem Positive-Negative Corona Charger for the Measurement of Charged Nanoparticles formed in Selective Catalytic Reduction Systems." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (2019): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061051.

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Onboard measurement of non-volatile particle number (PN) emissions with portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) was introduced for the type-approval of passenger cars in Europe since 2017 and is foreseen for heavy-duty (HD) vehicles in 2021. First studies on the performance of PN-PEMS with HD engine exhaust revealed larger differences between established PN-PEMS techniques than what was observed for passenger cars. Particles forming in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems for NOx of late technology HD engines have recently been identified as a potential reason for the observed dif

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Norstrom, Eric M., and James A. Mastrianni. "The Charge Structure of Helix 1 in the Prion Protein Regulates Conversion to Pathogenic PrPSc." Journal of Virology 80, no. 17 (2006): 8521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00366-06.

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ABSTRACT The prion diseases are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders linked to a pathogenic conformer (PrPSc) of the normal prion protein (PrPC). Accumulation of PrPSc occurs via a poorly defined process in which PrPSc complexes with and converts endogenous PrPC to nascent PrPSc. Recent experiments have focused on the highly charged first alpha helix (H1) of PrP. It has been proposed that two putative asparagine-to-arginine intrahelical salt bridges stabilize H1 in PrPC yet form intermolecular ionic bonds with adjacent PrP molecules during conversion of PrPC to PrPSc (M. P. Morrissey and

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Afrin, Farhat, Ravindran Rajesh, Khairul Anam, Meenakshisundram Gopinath, Swati Pal, and Nahid Ali. "Characterization of Leishmania donovani Antigens Encapsulated in Liposomes That Induce Protective Immunity in BALB/c Mice." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 12 (2002): 6697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.12.6697-6706.2002.

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ABSTRACT Leishmania donovani promastigote membrane antigens (LAg) encapsulated in positively charged liposomes have been found to induce very significant levels of protection against experimental visceral leishmaniasis. The protectively immunized animals exhibited profound delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody responses. The extent of protection induced by the same antigens, however, varied depending on the charge of the vesicles, with maximum induction by positively charged liposomes, followed by neutral liposomes and last negatively charged liposomes. Characterization of LAg and LAg ent

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Islas, Leon D., and Fred J. Sigworth. "Voltage Sensitivity and Gating Charge in Shaker and Shab Family Potassium Channels." Journal of General Physiology 114, no. 5 (1999): 723–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.114.5.723.

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The members of the voltage-dependent potassium channel family subserve a variety of functions and are expected to have voltage sensors with different sensitivities. The Shaker channel of Drosophila, which underlies a transient potassium current, has a high voltage sensitivity that is conferred by a large gating charge movement, ∼13 elementary charges. A Shaker subunit's primary voltage-sensing (S4) region has seven positively charged residues. The Shab channel and its homologue Kv2.1 both carry a delayed-rectifier current, and their subunits have only five positively charged residues in S4; th

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Matsuda, Yoshinori, Kunihiko Shimizu, Takahiro Sonoda, and Yoshihiro Takikawa. "Use of Electric Discharge for Simultaneous Control of Weeds and Houseflies Emerging from Soil." Insects 11, no. 12 (2020): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11120861.

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An electrostatic apparatus was developed to control weeds and houseflies emerging from ground soil in a greenhouse simultaneously. Identical iron plates were placed in parallel at a defined interval and fixed in an iron frame. Two sets of fixed iron plates were used, one for weed control and one for fly control. For weed control, all of the iron plates were negatively charged, and negative charges accumulated on the plates were released to weed shoots through arc discharge. Houseflies were introduced into the space between the negatively charged and grounded plates, then subjected to arc disch

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Васильев, И. А., О. М. Кущенко, С. С. Рудый та Ю. В. Рождественский. "Эффективный ротационный потенциал молекулярных ионов в плоской радиочастотной ловушке". Журнал технической физики 89, № 9 (2019): 1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.09.48074.422-18.

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In the present article we first described the concept of effective rotation potential (ERP) – the analog of well-known pseudopotential for the case of a charged diatomic particle model localization in the 2D quadrupole RF trap. We have shown that ERP can be used for describing dynamic of wide range specific charged diatomic-like particles with separate centers of masses and charges. We have compared the result of pseudopotential-averaging for single ion localization and ERP-averaging for diatomic-like charge structure and obtained additional quasi-equilibrium points both for the center of mass

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Soleimani, M. J., N. Abbasvandi, Shahidan Radiman, and W. A. T. Wan Abdullah. "Charged Massive Particle’s Tunneling from Charged Nonrotating Microblack Hole." Advances in High Energy Physics 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1632469.

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In the tunneling framework of Hawking radiation, charged massive particle’s tunneling in charged nonrotating TeV-scale black hole is investigated. To this end, we consider natural cutoffs as a minimal length, a minimal momentum, and a maximal momentum through a generalized uncertainty principle. We focus on the role played by these natural cutoffs on the luminosity of charged nonrotating microblack hole by taking into account the full implications of energy and charge conservation as well as the backscattered radiation.

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Eldieb, Emad. "The charged Compton sphere." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 8 (2012): 490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/august2014/170.

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de Ridder, D. J., and D. van Halem. "Influence of particle properties on iron flocculation." Water Supply 18, no. 5 (2017): 1617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.216.

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Abstract In this study, the importance of charge interactions during flocculation of Fe3+ in the presence of particles and anions/cations at various pH values was investigated. SiO2, (s) and ZnO(s) were dosed as particles to promote charge interactions and/or serve as a nucleus to accelerate floc formation. In the pH range 6–9, SiO2, (s) is negatively charged, while ZnO(s) carries a positive charge. Ca2+ and HPO42− were selected to investigate charge interactions in the water phase. A significant delay in floc growth due to charge repulsion between negatively charged iron species was observed

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Harris, Richard J., and Bryan G. Fry. "Electrostatic resistance to alpha-neurotoxins conferred by charge reversal mutations in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1942 (2021): 20202703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2703.

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The evolution of venom resistance through coevolutionary chemical arms races has arisen multiple times throughout animalia. Prior documentation of resistance to snake venom α-neurotoxins consists of the N-glycosylation motif or the hypothesized introduction of arginine at positions 187 at the α-1 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor orthosteric site. However, no further studies have investigated the possibility of other potential forms of resistance. Using a biolayer interferometry assay, we first confirm that the previously hypothesized resistance conferred by arginine at position 187 in the hone

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Nakao, Toshiyuki, Makoto Ogura, Hajime Takahashi, and Tomonari Okada. "Charge-Affected Transperitoneal Movement of Amino Acids in Capd." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 16, no. 1_suppl (1996): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089601601s15.

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Our objective was to investigate the influence of molecular charge on transperitoneal solute movement in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Tests of peritoneal equilibration were performed. Two liters of 2.27% or 2.5% glucose CAPD dialysate were infused and the dialysate samples were taken after 2 hr and 4 hr, and blood samples were obtained after 4-hr dwell time. Dialysate-to-plasma concentrations ratios (DIP) were calculated for creatinine (Cr) and three amino acids with almost the same molecular weight but quite different charges: glutamic acids (Glu: negatively charged), glu

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Fu, Bingmei M., Bin Chen, and Wenhao Chen. "An electrodiffusion model for effects of surface glycocalyx layer on microvessel permeability." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 4 (2003): H1240—H1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00467.2002.

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To investigate the charge effect of the endothelial surface glycocalyx on microvessel permeability, we extended the three-dimensional model developed by Fu et al. ( J Biomech Eng 116: 502–513, 1994) for the interendothelial cleft to include a negatively charged glycocalyx layer at the entrance of the cleft. Both electrostatic and steric exclusions on charged solutes were considered within the glycocalyx layer and at the interfaces. Four charge-density profiles were assumed for the glycocalyx layer. Our model indicates that the overall solute permeability across the microvessel wall including t

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Kim, Sang Pyo, Hyun Kyu Lee, and Yongsung Yoon. "Thermal interpretation of Schwinger effect in near-extremal RN black hole." International Journal of Modern Physics D 28, no. 11 (2019): 1950139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271819501396.

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We propose a thermal interpretation of the Schwinger effect for charged spinless scalars and spin-1/2 fermions in an extremal and near-extremal Reissner–Nordström (RN) black hole. The emission of charges has the distribution with an effective temperature determined by the Davies–Unruh temperature for accelerating charges by the electric field and the scalar curvature of [Formula: see text] from the near-horizon geometry [Formula: see text]. We find a charge bound for the extremal micro-black hole to remain stable against the Schwinger emission in analogy with the Breitenlohner–Freedman bound f

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WEN, X. J., G. X. PENG, and P. N. SHEN. "COLOR-FLAVOR LOCKED STRANGELETS IN A QUARK MASS DENSITY-DEPENDENT MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 08n09 (2007): 1649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07035276.

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The color-flavor locked (CFL) phase of strangelets is investigated in a quark mass density-dependent model. Parameters are determined by stability arguments. It is concluded that three solutions to the system equations can be found, corresponding, respectively, to positively charged, negatively charged, and nearly neutral CFL strangelets. The charge to baryon number of the positively charged strangelets is smaller than the previous result, while the charge of the negatively charged strangelets is nearly proportional in magnitude to the cubic-root of the baryon number. However, the positively c

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MATUTE, ERNESTO A. "A TOPOLOGICAL VIEW ON BARYON NUMBER CONSERVATION." Modern Physics Letters A 19, no. 19 (2004): 1469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732304013738.

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We argue that the charge fractionalization in quarks has a hidden topological character related to a broken [Formula: see text] symmetry between integer-charged bare quarks and leptons. The mechanism is a tunneling process occurring in time between standard field configurations of a pure gauge form with different topological winding numbers associated with integer-charged bare quarks in the far past and future. This transition, which nonperturbatively normalizes local bare charges with a universal accumulated value, corresponds to a specific topologically nontrivial configuration of the weak g

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Tinsley, Brian A., and Limin Zhou. "Comments on “Effect of Electric Charge on Collisions between Cloud Droplets”." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 5 (2014): 1317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-13-0244.1.

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AbstractFletcher’s simple model for the electric force between charged conducting spheres (with reference to cloud droplets) is compared with an exact model and also with another approximate model. His results for the charge ratio as a function of the distance at which the force of attraction changes to one of repulsion differs from that of the other treatments by a factor of 4 at large separations (where the effects of approximations should be negligible) and by a factor of 8 at small separations. The reasons for the discrepancy are explored, and the other treatments are found to be reliable.

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Laakso, L., S. Gagné, T. Petäjä, et al. "Detecting charging state of ultra-fine particles: instrumental development and ambient measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 5 (2007): 1333–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1333-2007.

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Abstract. The importance of ion-induced nucleation in the lower atmosphere has been discussed for a long time. In this article we describe a new instrumental setup – Ion-DMPS – which can be used to detect contribution of ion-induced nucleation on atmospheric new particle formation events. The device measures positively and negatively charged particles with and without a bipolar charger. The ratio between "charger off" to "charger on" describes the charging state of aerosol particle population with respect to equilibrium. Values above one represent more charges than in an equilibrium (overcharg

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Khain, A., V. Arkhipov, M. Pinsky, Y. Feldman, and Ya Ryabov. "Rain Enhancement and Fog Elimination by Seeding with Charged Droplets. Part I: Theory and Numerical Simulations." Journal of Applied Meteorology 43, no. 10 (2004): 1513–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2131.1.

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Abstract A new method of droplet collision acceleration, with the purpose of rain enhancement and fog elimination, is proposed. According to the method, some fraction of the droplets is taken from clouds (or fog) themselves, charged, and then injected back into clouds (or fog). To verify the efficiency of the method, a novel model has been developed, allowing simulation of droplet spectrum evolution by collision in case a certain fraction of the droplets in a droplet spectrum is charged. Simulations of droplet spectra evolution include several steps: (a) The forces arising between charged and

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GUENDELMAN, EDUARDO, ALEXANDER KAGANOVICH, EMIL NISSIMOV, and SVETLANA PACHEVA. "HIDING AND CONFINING CHARGES VIA "TUBE-LIKE" WORMHOLES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, no. 30n31 (2011): 5211–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11054851.

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We describe two interesting effects in wormhole physics. First, we find that a genuinely charged matter source of gravity and electromagnetism may appear electrically neutral to an external observer — a phenomenon opposite to the famous Misner–Wheeler "charge without charge" effect. We show that this phenomenon takes place when coupling a bulk gravity/nonlinear-gauge-field system self-consistently to a codimension-one charged lightlike brane as a matter source. The "charge-hiding" effect occurs in a self-consistent wormhole solution of the above coupled gravity/nonlinear-gauge-field/lightlike-

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Gabadadze, Gregory, and Rachel A. Rosen. "Charge Screening in a Charged Condensate." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 192-193 (July 2009): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2009.07.070.

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Yu, Jiang, Léo Degrève, and Marcelo Lozada-Cassou. "Charge Separation in Confined Charged Fluids." Physical Review Letters 79, no. 19 (1997): 3656–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.3656.

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