Journal articles: 'Charging facilities'

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Tan, Zhongfu, Ye Yang, Pinxi Wang, and Yilun Li. "Charging Behavior Analysis of New Energy Vehicles." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 4837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094837.

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In recent years, new energy vehicles in Beijing have developed rapidly. This creates a huge demand for charging. It is a difficult problem to accurately identify the charging behavior of new energy vehicles and evaluate the use effect of social charging piles (CART piles) in Beijing. In response, this paper established the charging characteristics analysis model of new energy logistics vehicles based on the positioning data of new energy logistics vehicles. It also researched vehicle SOC and charging electricity and analyzed the utilization characteristics of charging facilities operation by using the operation data of charging facilities. Finally, this paper established the evaluation index system of regional charging facility layout to evaluate the construction level of charging facilities in each district.

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Xu, Shi Ming, Wan Xi, Liu Shuo, and Wu Feng. "An Adaptive Charging Control Strategy for Electric Vehicles Based on Wi-Fi Technology." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1153.

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The uncertainty of driving area, the power load control of charging facility and charging rates make electric vehicles(EVs) facing different charging facilities, so it is necessary to control charging in the charging process. An adaptive electric vehicle charging control strategy was proposed in this paper. The strategy uses wifi for communication, communicating with charging pile through wifi, charging facilities and electric vehicles can exchange parameters to achieve adaptive control of the charging process. And experiment was conducted for verification.

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Gong, Dan, Chuang Zhang, Jian Ma, Congyu Zhang, Xinyu Liu, and Shuai Guo. "Accurate Measurement of DC Electric Energy in Power Plant." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2218, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2218/1/012029.

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Abstract With the development of electric vehicles, the corresponding charging facilities are gradually accelerating the construction. Aiming at the corresponding problems existing in the domestic electric vehicle charging facilities, such as management and control, operation and maintenance and testing, this paper studies the integrated test system for AC / DC charging facilities, and introduces the design concept, hardware scheme, software scheme and processor platform of the system in detail. The system is based on GB/T18487.1-2015, NB/T33008-2018 and other test standards, and can be used for type experiments and performance tests of charging piles. The research results in this paper are conducive to the development of charging inspection facilities in the direction of integration, digitization, and automation. It is of great significance for charging facilities to reduce operation and maintenance costs and improve charging service level. It is conducive to promoting and ensuring the sustainable development of the domestic electric vehicle industry and the needs of implementing China’s long-term development plan and energy conservation and emission reduction policies.

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韩, 锦桐. "Research on Reasonable Charging Mechanism of Charging Facilities in Public Places." Advances in Social Sciences 09, no. 05 (2020): 778–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ass.2020.95110.

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Song, Wei, and Xin He Chen. "Design and Implementation of the Management Platform for Electric Vehicle and Charging Electric Facilities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 1987–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.1987.

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In order to achieve the management of electric vehicle and related operating facilities to solve the problem that the information of different electric vehicle charging stations cannot be shared, the problem of information silos, this paper designs and implements the CAN bus based electric vehicle charging station management platform, this platform can monitor electric vehicle and facilities, collect real-time data and make analysis and statistics to solve the problem of information silos of electric vehicle and charging exchange power facilities information sharing and reduce the effect of electric vehicle charging to grid. This platform using Struts, Hibernate and Ajax technology. This platform has been applied to Chengdu charging station, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the platform.

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Chen, Jia Ming, Li Xia Wang, and Ying Li Ni. "The Research of Public Rental System with Electric Car." Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (October 2013): 1659–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.1659.

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Charging mode of electric car and parking facilities have been studied. The mechanical spatial car parking system with electric car charging system has been studied and developed. Facility is controlled by PLC .The lease management system of parking facilities adopts inductive card, wireless charging system and charging state monitoring technology. The intelligent and automatic lease as an effective path to improve the hard problem of the city parking will get the vast development foreground.

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Liang, Z. Y., Weihua Li, L. B. Wu, Jiajun She, Jiahan Chen, and Xucheng Guo. "Charging Station Optimization Project Based on the Matrix Flexible Charging Reactor." Studies in Engineering and Technology 6, no. 1 (July 21, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/set.v6i1.4282.

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In accordance with the Principle of "scientific planning, moderate advancement, rational layout, and classification implementation", the genetic algorithm based on real coding will be improved in this paper for the "Hard to Charge" problem of electric vehicles and urban bus replacement project. Aiming at minimum construction, operation and maintenance, network loss, queuing and other costs, a model is established and an innovative layout of electric bus charging facilities based on Matrix Flexible Charging Reactors is proposed to make full use of resources and improve the "Hard to Charge" situation. Taking Zhuhai as an example, by predicting the number of electric buses in Zhuhai in the planning year, the different locations and capacities of the bus charging stations with smaller average annual comprehensive cost in the regions are realized. And the comprehensive cost of the charging station with Matrix Flexible Charging Reactors as the construction subject is compared with the charging piles’. The analysis shows that this optimization proposal can better meet the future charging demand of urban electric buses, and proves that the charging station with Matrix Flexible Charging Reactors as the main subject of construction is more cost-effective. It provides new ideas for charging facilities planning in other cities, which is conducive to creating a healthier and more orderly environment for electric vehicle charging facilities industry.

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Yi, Long, Zeng Xianjun, Kang Peng, Zhou Ping, Zhao Chenxu, and Chen Fangxing. "Planning of Charging Facilities Considering Terrain Characteristics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1754, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1754/1/012057.

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Liu, Zhaocai, Ziqi Song, and Yi He. "Optimal Deployment of Dynamic Wireless Charging Facilities for an Electric Bus System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2647, no. 1 (January 2017): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2647-12.

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Diesel engine buses still make up the majority of the bus fleet in the United States, even with the problem of diesel exhaust and greenhouse gas emissions. Electric buses, which generate no emissions, are a promising green alternative for bus fleets. However, electric buses have a limited travel range and a time-consuming recharging process. Dynamic wireless charging, which allows electric buses to charge while traveling, could alleviate the drawbacks of electric buses. With dynamic wireless charging technology, electric buses can operate with smaller batteries, and the stationary recharging time at the base station can be shortened. The key design variables in deploying dynamic wireless charging facilities for an electric bus system are battery size and the location of the wireless charging facilities. This paper addresses the problem of simultaneously selecting the optimal locations for the wireless charging facilities and designing the battery size for an electric bus system. A mixed integer linear program was developed to minimize the total implementation cost. The model was demonstrated with a real-world bus system. The results demonstrate that the proposed model can solve the optimal deployment problem of dynamic wireless charging facilities for an electric bus system.

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Wang, Cheng, Zhou Gao, Peng Yang, Zhenpo Wang, and Zhiheng Li. "Electric Vehicle Charging Facility Planning Based on Flow Demand—A Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094952.

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The location of electric vehicle charging facilities is of great significance in promoting the use of electric vehicles. Most existing electric vehicle location models, including the flow refueling location model (FRLM) and its flexible reformulation (FRFRLM), are based on flow demand. At present, these models cannot effectively deal with large-scale traffic networks within a limited time, and there has been little comparison of their relative benefits and limitations. Additionally, there have been few evaluations of the actual construction and location of charging facilities in cities. This paper describes an algorithm that can solve the large-scale transportation network problem within a reasonable time. Using this algorithm, the FRLM and FRFRLM models are compared in a case study focused on Jiading District, Shanghai, China, which provides some direction for the future development of flow demand models. Finally, to evaluate the actual construction of urban charging facilities, this paper presents an algorithm that can map the actual charging facilities to the transportation network, and compares the actual construction situation with the model output. This enables a comprehensive evaluation of the actual construction of charging facilities and provides guidance for future construction.

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Peng, Ziwei, Yang Yang, Rui Wu, Xiaoyu Tan, and Honglei Xu. "Accessibility analysis of battery electric vehicles: A case study of Beijing Tianjin Hebei." E3S Web of Conferences 360 (2022): 01029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236001029.

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By considering the symbiosis between rest behavior with charging behavior during intercity traveling, the inconvenience of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) confined by the battery capacity can be relieved. This paper proposed a quantitative analysis method for revealing this phenomenon from an accessibility perspective. This proposed method involved a calculation model of intercity travel time for electric vehicle by considering the current configuration of electric vehicle charging facilities and energy consumption with travel speed. Based on the highway network and charging pile network in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, a case study has been analyzed to verify the feasibility of the model. The results show that the accessibility performance of BEVs and fuel vehicles is close in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, which has relatively perfect charging facilities. And by joint the charging behavior and rest behavior, there is almost no difference between BEV models with a large range and advanced charging technology and fuel vehicles in intercity travel. In addition, the charging facilities along the expressway in the region can basically satisfy the experience of intercity travel for BEVs, and further increasing the number of charging stations cannot significantly improve the accessibility of electric vehicles.

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Zang, Binbin, Hui Gao, Xinyue Yang, and Shengtao Xu. "Fault diagnosis of charging facilities based on improved RNN." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2301, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2301/1/012008.

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Abstract To ensure the safe use of electric vehicles in the charging process is an important issue for the electric vehicle industry to overcome. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved RNN neural network fault diagnosis model for charging facilities. Firstly, typical fault types are extracted based on fault analysis of charging facilities. Then, the Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is used to initialize the RNN network parameters and form WOA-RNN network model. Finally, the improved model is used to analyse the fault, and the comparison of the fault diagnosis accuracy before and after the improvement shows that the proposed algorithm has a high accuracy, and the feasibility of this method is proved.

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Jin, Ruijiu, Xiangfeng Zhang, Zhijie Wang, Wengang Sun, Xiaoxin Yang, and Zhong Shi. "Blockchain-Enabled Charging Right Trading Among EV Charging Stations." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 16, 2019): 3922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203922.

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Increasing penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) gives rise to the challenges in the secure operation of power systems. The EV charging loads should be distributed among charging stations in a fair and incentive-compatible manner while ensuring that power transmission and transformation facilities are not overloaded. This paper first proposes a charging right (or charging power ration) trading mechanism and model based on blockchain. Considering all kinds of random factors of charging station loads, we use Monte Carlo modeling to determine the charging demand of charging stations in the future. Based on the charging demand of charging stations, a charging station needs to submit the charging demand for a future period. The blockchain first distributes initial charging right in a just manner and ensures the security of facilities. Given that the charging urgency and elasticity differences vary by charging stations, all charging stations then proceed with double auction and peer-to-peer (P2P) transaction of charging right. Bids and offers are cleared via double auctions if bids are higher than offers. The remaining bids and offers are cleared via the P2P market. Then, this paper designs the charging right allocation and trading platform and smart contract based on the Ethernet blockchain to ensure the safety of the distribution network (DN) and the transparency and efficiency of charging right trading. Simulation results based on the Ethereum private blockchain show the fairness and efficiency of the proposed mechanism and the effectiveness of the method and the mechanism.

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Luo, Lizi, Wei Gu, Suyang Zhou, He Huang, Song Gao, Jun Han, Zhi Wu, and Xiaobo Dou. "Optimal planning of electric vehicle charging stations comprising multi-types of charging facilities." Applied Energy 226 (September 2018): 1087–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.014.

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Shi, Ruifeng, Jie Zhang, Hao Su, Zihang Liang, and Kwang Y. Lee. "An Economic Penalty Scheme for Optimal Parking Lot Utilization with EV Charging Requirements." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 6155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226155.

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In the parking lots of public commercial areas, such as shopping malls, hospitals, and scenic spots, the parking spaces with electric vehicle (EV) charging facilities are often occupied by ordinary cars. How to regulate the parking order in the parking lot is a key issue in the operation and management of the parking facilities. In this paper, a method of assessing parking fees for vehicles parked at the charging facilities is proposed based on an economic penalty strategy, including fixed-penalty and dynamic-penalty strategies. First, a traffic flow model of the parking lot in public area is established. Then, a price and consumption model of parking fees and parking lot utilization is established, along with different penalty strategies. Finally, taking the parking lot of a shopping mall as an example, the penalty strategies are optimized through particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the method proposed can help to improve the utilization of EV charging facilities in parking lots and guide the orderly parking and charging of EVs at the same time.

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16

熊, 长寿. "Prediction of Electric Vehicles Ownership and Charging Facilities." Smart Grid 01, no. 03 (2011): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/sg.2011.13015.

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Cui, Shaohua, Hui Zhao, and Cuiping Zhang. "Multiple Types of Plug-In Charging Facilities’ Location-Routing Problem with Time Windows for Mobile Charging Vehicles." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 11, 2018): 2855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082855.

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Increasing attention is being paid to the technology of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) because of their environmental friendliness. However, their short range, extended recharging times, and insufficient charging facilities hinder the improvement in the market share of BEVs. As a remedy, this paper presents a novel approach to providing a service for the battery charge replenishment of BEVs. Instead of using traditional alternative methods by only providing a charging service in a fixed location, such as battery-swapping and charging lanes, the novel charge replenishment is provided by mobile charging vehicles (MCVs), which could offer a charging service at any time and at location requested. To consider the limited running range and the opportunity to recharge from MCVs, as well as to determine the location strategy of multiple types of plug-in charging facility locations and the routing plan of the MCVs simultaneously, the location routing problem (LRP) that can integrate two decision levels, with a strategic level (location) and tactical level (routing), is applied. Then, we present the multiple types of plug-in charging facilities’ location-routing problem with time windows for mobile charging vehicles (MTPCF-LRPwTW-MCVs), and formulate the MTPCF-LRPwTW-MCVs as a mixed integer linear program for the convenience of solving. To demonstrate the model, test instances are designed and computational results are presented. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses on battery capacity, recharging rate, and so on, are also examined. The results show that with the increase of the battery capacity or the improvement of the charging rate of the charging facilities, the service efficiency of the MCVs can reasonably be improved. Therefore, the proposed method could be used in real world problems.

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Fischer, Markus, Cornelius Hardt, Jörg Elias, and Klaus Bogenberger. "Simulation-Based Evaluation of Charging Infrastructure Concepts: The Park and Ride Case." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 8 (August 10, 2022): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13080151.

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In this study, a framework regarding park and ride facilities is presented and demonstrated to evaluate different approaches of charging concepts. The innovation in this study is that the framework can be used to evaluate arbitrary conductive charging concepts on a detailed level and on the basis of real usage data. Thus, the results can be broken down to the level of individual charging events and charging points. Among other factors, the study considers the expected growth in electric vehicles, the construction and operating costs for the investigated charging infrastructure, and the impact of heterogeneous electric vehicle fleets with different vehicle-specific charging powers. Since both technological and economic perspectives are considered in the framework, the study is relevant for all decision makers involved in the development and operation of charging infrastructure. The results in the investigated case of park and ride facilities show a high potential for cost-efficient low-power charging concepts. Thus, significantly higher energy volumes could be transmitted and better economic results could be achieved by the investigated low-power approaches. Especially for heterogeneous electric vehicle fleets, the number of available charging points appears to be more important than the charging power of the individual charging points in this case.

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Fang, Chen, Hao Zhang, Ru Tong Zhang, Shan Shan Shi, Yi Chu, and Ming Yu Zhao. "The Development Situation of Electric Vehicle Charging Service Network Construction and Operation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 3185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.3185.

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With the deterioration of the environment and energy crisis is becoming more and more serious, many countries have put forward the development of low-carbon automobile industry. China will also increase in the development of electric vehicle and related facilities as a national strategy. Construction and operation of the electric vehicle charging service network is the basic guarantee for the development of electric vehicle industry. Governments continue to strengthen support for the policy of charging facilities, and charging service network construction and operation scale and commercial degree increased gradually.

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Liu, Yan, Ying Han, Bao Zhong Zhang, Xue Jie Zhou, Guo Qiang Zhang, and Xiang Zhao. "Development of Electric Automobiles and Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities in China." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.945.

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The problem of energy saving and environment protection has become more and more crucial in China. New promising technology that makes the problem solved is reviewed in this paper, including electric automobiles and electric vehicle charging systems. It is given the group of customers and charging mode of electric automobiles in China. It is suggested the matches between charging modes and vehicle types. In the short term, conventional gasoline or diesel vehicles is the most realistic and effective, while in the long run, China will meet the urgent challenges of energy crisis and greenhouse gas reduction. It needs technology breakthroughs in battery, public awareness and government input to the development of electric automobiles.

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Bae, Hongguk, and Sangwook Park. "Assessment of the Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure at EV Charging Facilities." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010162.

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As the number of electric vehicles (EV) increases, the number of EV chargers also increases. Charging infrastructure will be built into our close environment. Because of this, the assessment of the electromagnetic field exposure generated from the charger is an important issue. This paper valuates the electromagnetic field exposure of six EV chargers. To assess the level of exposure of EV chargers, the electromagnetic fields from six chargers were measured and analyzed. In addition, measured electromagnetic field exposure levels were evaluated against ICNIRP guidelines. Higher electromagnetic fields were measured with standard chargers than with fast chargers. For the fast charger in the charging state, the magnetic field increased with the charging current. Electromagnetic field exposures for all six chargers did not exceed standard limits. The results of the assessment of the electromagnetic field exposure of the six EV chargers will contribute to the establishment of standards for the evaluation of the electromagnetic field exposure of the EV chargers in the future.

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Gao, Hui, Lutong Yang, Anyue Zhang, and Mingxin Sheng. "Analysis of Urban Electric Vehicle Trip Rule Statistics and Ownership Prediction." Symmetry 13, no. 11 (October 31, 2021): 2052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13112052.

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In order to play the important role of electric vehicles to promote the realization of the 3060 double carbon target, electric vehicles have seen explosive growth. However, due to the tight symmetry between the number and distribution of electric vehicles and their corresponding charging facilities, the layout of charging facilities has higher requirements. This paper collects travel data in the form of a traffic travel questionnaire for electric vehicle users. Based on the vehicle parking demand model of the queuing theory and Monte Carlo simulation, the paper gives the number of stopping vehicles and the time of vehicles stopping in different places such as residential areas, workplaces, supermarket parking and roadside. In addition, based on the Bass prediction model, the main parameters are modeled in the model, and the price correction coefficient is introduced. The improved Bass model is used to predict the growth trend of electric vehicles in different regions in different years and in different incentive sites. By predicting the ownership of urban electric vehicles and accurately grasping the distribution and operation of electric vehicles, this paper can provide guidance and suggestions for the planning and construction of charging facilities in different regions, effectively reduce the investment cost of charging facilities and guide local governments to formulate reasonable planning schemes.

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Lee, Jung Hoon, and Soo Young Kim. "Spatial Query-Combined Tour Scheduler for Electric Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 686 (October 2014): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.686.612.

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This paper designs a spatial data-centric tour and charging scheduler for electric vehicles, which need energy-efficient route planning, especially when visiting multiple destinations, due to their short driving range. Basically, the hybrid orienteering problem solver finds a feasible tour schedule for mandatory user-selected tour spots and optimal system-recommended charging spots, aiming at reducing the waiting time and meeting the given constraint. To recommend essential candidates, our system manages the information on tour spots and charging facilities in the spatial database, adjusting the bounding box size according to the pre-analysis result. The pre-analysis module can implement a sophisticated recommendation logic based on the preprocessed data customized mainly from geographic analysis. In addition, by continuously updating the current status of each charger, the recommender can catch the installation of new charging facilities and exclude the failed or overbooked chargers.

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Xu, Shi Ming, Heng Lu, Shuo Liu, and Feng Wu. "The Application of PLC in the Electric Vehicle AC Charging Technology." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1159.

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Electric vehicle charging, since the uncertainty of the travel area, and the different load control of the charging infrastructure grid and the different rates over time, needs to face different charging devices and use different charging parameters. The situation is very complex, so electric vehicle needs to be adaptive control for various situations in the charging process. Aiming at the communication between electric vehicle and power grid, there is no relevant national standards promulgated. After comparing several possible communication modes, I choose to use the PLC communication, and SDP for charging device to automatically obtain and connections. Charging parameter passing through the communication between the electric vehicle and charging facilities, in order to realize the adaptive control of electric vehicle charging.

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Santoyo, Cesar, Gustav Nilsson, and Samuel Coogan. "Multi-Level Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities with Limited Resources." IFAC-PapersOnLine 53, no. 2 (2020): 15428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.2364.

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Zou, Dazhong, Da Meng, Yinping Dai, Shuai Lu, and Huan Xie. "Optimal Charging Strategy of Electric Vehicles with Consideration of Battery Storage." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123602015.

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The high penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) will increase burden of a power grid. However, the expansion of capacity of distribution facilities is not always possible, especially in some old residential community. This paper proposes to use an optimal charging strategy of EVs with additional battery energy storage (BES) to improve the charging capabilities in a residential community. By modeling the EV charging behavior, the required charging capacity is evaluated using Monte Carlo method and the BES size is determined as the difference between the required capacity and the distribution capacity. An optimal charging strategy is then proposed to reduce the charging cost and ensure the safe running of distribution network.

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Zhang, Bei Bei, and Guang Ming Sun. "Design and Application of the Plug-in for Charging Facilities Monitoring Configuration Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1983.

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Introduced the characteristics of monitoring for the electric vehicle charging facilities, analysis of the model structure and the plug-in structure. Determined software architecture of platform and plugin for charging facilities monitoring configuration software. Elaborated on the interface design, workflow and application examples of plug-in in the configuration software. Engineering practice has proved that the configuration software through the use of plug-in technology to improve the degree of modular, a powerful expansion function, plug-and-play and to meet the needs of different users.

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Wolbertus, Rick, and Robert van den Hoed. "Fast Charging Systems for Passenger Electric Vehicles." World Electric Vehicle Journal 11, no. 4 (November 13, 2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj11040073.

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This paper explores current and potential future use of fast charging stations for electric passenger vehicles. The aim of the paper is to analyse current charging patterns at fast charging stations and the role of fast charging among different charging options. These patterns are explored along the lines of the technical capabilities of the vehicles and it is found that with increasing battery capacity the need for fast charging decreases. However, for those vehicles with large charging capacities there are indications that fast charging is perceived as more convenient as these are used more often. Such results indicate a larger share for fast charging if charging capacities increase in the future. Results from a spatial analysis show that most fast charging is done at a considerable distance from home, suggesting mostly ‘on the road’ charging sessions. Some fast charging sessions are relatively close to home, especially for those without private home charging access. This shows some future potential for fast charging in cities with many on-street parking facilities.

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Yao, Weijing, Cheng Zhang, Guoru Deng, Wangsong Ke, Dai Zhang, and Lei Li. "Research on Urban Electric Vehicle Public Charging Network Based on 5G and Big Data." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2066, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2066/1/012045.

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Abstract Under the pressure of energy and environmental protection, we will promote the technological progress and demonstration of electric vehicles, and the construction of charging facilities will continue. Charging facilities planning and orderly charging, as two major research directions of electric vehicle infrastructure, are of great significance for the future development of electric vehicles. The optimal charging of electric vehicles can effectively improve the safe and economic operation ability of distribution network, which is of great significance to its safe operation. Therefore, this paper proposes the outsourcing test experiment and processing of urban electric vehicle public charging network based on 5G and big data. In this paper, through the analysis of the development status of urban electric vehicles, this paper proposes to optimize the charging mode of electric vehicles by combining the charging network forward and backward algorithm. In the outsourcing test experiment, the electrical safety test shows that when the current reaches 1.1-37.1kw: 5000A, when the power factor is 0.8 ∼ 0.9, when the short-circuit current impact is tolerated, the connection device will not affect the breaking operation by contact fusion welding, and the insulation protection will not be invalid. Through investigation and analysis, the satisfaction degree of electric vehicle optimization algorithm is increasing year by year. Through the analysis of the test results, the research in this paper has achieved ideal results and made a contribution to the research of urban electric vehicle public charging network.

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Zhang, Peipei, Juan Chen, Lilan Tu, and Longteng Yin. "Layout Evaluation of New Energy Vehicle Charging Stations: A Perspective Using the Complex Network Robustness Theory." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 7 (July 12, 2022): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13070127.

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At present, the new energy vehicle industry is developing rapidly, but the relative lag in the development of its supporting infrastructure, especially charging stations, has become a bottleneck that restricts the development of the electric vehicle industry. In this paper, we propose a model for constructing a network of new energy vehicle charging facilities based on complex network theory and analyze the operation and the rationality of the layout of the new energy vehicle (NEV) charging stations in Wuhan and Hangzhou, respectively. The results show that the current layout of new energy vehicle charging stations in the city is relatively reasonable, but the allocation of charging pile resources is unreasonable. Our results of the virtual charging station network constructed by adding new charging station nodes show that the change in network structure helps to enhance the performance of the charging station system.

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Hayajneh, Hassan S., and Xuewei Zhang. "Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Network Planning via a Co-Evolution Approach." Energies 13, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010025.

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The optimal planning of electric vehicle charging infrastructure has attracted extensive research interest in recent years. Most of the optimization problems were formulated by assuming that the configurations will be fixed at the optimal solution while overlooking the fact that the charging stations and the electric vehicles are “evolving” over time and have mutual impacts. On the other hand, little attention has been paid to evaluate the performance of the solutions in such a dynamic environment. Motivated by these gaps, this work develops a simulation model that captures the interactions between charging station configurations and electric vehicle population (and the preference of electric vehicles when choosing charging station). This modeling framework is then implemented to evaluate the performance of planned charging infrastructure in providing services to electric vehicles. Two indicators are calculated, i.e., usage rate and rejection rate. The former measures the “waste” due to abundant facilities installed; the latter measures the inadequacy of planned facilities, especially when the electric vehicle population is larger. The simulation results presented in this work validate the model and show the potential of the model not only to evaluate designs but also to be used for optimal planning in subsequent works.

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Wang, Ying Hui, Ming Yu Zhao, Yang He, and Gang Wang. "The Application of Extended CIM in Electric-Vehicle’s Charging-Discharging System." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1600–1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1600.

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In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of electric-vehicle’s charging-discharging, and control the charging-discharging process according to the electric grid’s condition, multiple applications and systems have been developed for monitoring and managing the EV’s charging-discharging. All of these systems are required for EV charging-discharging data support, so it becomes quite an urgent problem that how to share and exchange EV’s charging-discharging information between different systems. To solve this problem, this paper applies IEC61970 CIM to EV charging-discharging system, extends the CIM to cover all the EV charging-discharging facilities. And then a data center of EV charging-discharging has been developed based on the extended CIM to provide charging-discharging data for other systems through CIS service. The research of this paper provides a unified information model for efficient monitoring and management of EV’s charging-discharging as well as integration of related systems and applications.

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Mo, Tiande, Kin-tak Lau, Yu Li, Chi-kin Poon, Yinghong Wu, Paul K. Chu, and Yang Luo. "Commercialization of Electric Vehicles in Hong Kong." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030942.

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Road vehicles are responsible for air pollution in Hong Kong, and electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles as the city is transitioning to clean energy. In this work, EV adoption in Hong Kong is investigated and analyzed, including the global EV markets, present EV status in Hong Kong, local challenges facing EV development, suggestions for EV promotion in Hong Kong, emerging technologies, and decommissioning of batteries and EVs. The challenges of EVs include insufficient charging infrastructures, inadequate management of public charging facilities, difficulties in EV repair and maintenance, “dead mileage” during charging, unacceptable long charging times, and limited commercial EV models. Strategies such as providing incentives and bonuses for commercial EVs, offering high-power quick-charging facilities, actively developing commercial EVs, installing more charging infrastructures for private EVs, building connections among stakeholders, encouraging the participation of the private sector to promote fee-based services, and supporting the development of innovative technologies should be implemented to promote EVs in Hong Kong. Emerging technologies for EVs such as wireless charging, smart power distribution, vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-home systems, connected vehicles, and self-driving are discussed. Eco-friendly decommissioning of EV batteries can be realized by recycling and second-life applications. This paper serves as a reference and guide for the sustainable and smart evolution of the transportation sector in Hong Kong and other global large cities.

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Town, Graham, Seyedfoad Taghizadeh, and Sara Deilami. "Review of Fast Charging for Electrified Transport: Demand, Technology, Systems, and Planning." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 10, 2022): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041276.

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As the number and range of electric vehicles in use increases, and the size of batteries in those vehicles increases, the demand for fast and ultra-fast charging infrastructure is also expected to increase. The growth in the fast charging infrastructure raises a number of challenges to be addressed; primarily, high peak loads and their impacts on the electricity network. This paper reviews fast and ultra-fast charging technology and systems from a number of perspectives, including the following: current and expected trends in fast charging demand; the particular temporal and spatial characteristics of electricity demand associated with fast charging; the devices and circuit technologies commonly used in fast chargers; the potential system impacts of fast charging on the electricity distribution network and methods for managing those impacts; methods for long-term planning of fast charging facilities; finally, expected future developments in fast charging technology and systems.

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Mortimer, Benedict J., Christopher Hecht, Rafael Goldbeck, Dirk Uwe Sauer, and Rik W. De Doncker. "Electric Vehicle Public Charging Infrastructure Planning Using Real-World Charging Data." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 6 (May 24, 2022): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13060094.

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The current increase of electric vehicles in Germany requires an adequately developed charging infrastructure. Large numbers of public and semi-public charging stations are necessary to ensure sufficient coverage. To make the installation worthwhile for the mostly private operators as well as public ones, a sufficient utilization is decisive. An essential factor for the degree of utilization is the placement of a charging station. Therefore, the initial site selection plays a critical role in the planning process. This paper proposes a charging station placement procedure based on real-world data on charging station utilization and places of common interest. In the first step, we correlate utilization rates of existing charging infrastructure with places of common interest such as restaurants, shops, bars and sports facilities. This allows us to estimate the untapped potential of unexploited areas across Germany in a second step. In the last step, we employ the resulting geographical extrapolation to derive two optimized expansion strategies based on the attractiveness of locations for electric vehicle charging.

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Liu, Yunjia. "Analysis and Research on Power Supply Strategies of Electric Vehicles Based on Wind Farms." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13020038.

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The widespread growth of electric vehicles could pose significant grid and charging infrastructure challenges, especially in areas with underdeveloped infrastructure. This has affected the ease of charging electric vehicles. In this paper, I design a power supply strategy for electric vehicle charging facilities based on wind farm power supply. In this strategy, a preliminary selection of line conductors is carried out, and several schemes are preliminarily determined. Further comparative analysis is made from the three aspects of conductor, tower type, and bus. Through the PowerWorld software, a simulation model is established for each scheme, and an optimal strategy that takes into account economy, security, and system stability is obtained (AAC 31.5 mm double split, tower A and bus 5). This can assist in the transformation of electric vehicle power supply and the construction of wind farm power supply facilities.

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Liu, Guozhong, Li Kang, Zeyu Luan, Jing Qiu, and Fenglei Zheng. "Charging Station and Power Network Planning for Integrated Electric Vehicles (EVs)." Energies 12, no. 13 (July 5, 2019): 2595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132595.

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The optimal location and size of charging stations are important considerations in relation to the large-scale application of electric vehicles (EVs). In this context, considering that charging stations are both traffic service facilities and common electric facilities, a multi-objective model is built, with the objectives of maximizing the captured traffic flow in traffic networks and minimizing the power loss in distribution networks. There are two kinds of charging stations that are considered in this paper, and the planning of EV charge stations and distribution networks is jointly modelled. The formulated multi-objective optimization problem is handled by a fuzzy membership function. The genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the objective function. In case studies, a 33-node distribution system and a 25-node traffic network are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. The location and capacity of two kinds of charging stations are designed in the case studies, after which the impact of the battery on the captured traffic flow is analyzed as well.

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Yang, Lingling, Wenzao Li, Shuang Xiao, Jianwei Liu, and Zhan Wen. "A Planning Strategy of Charging Facilities Selection for Electric Vehicles." International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research 8, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijcatr0812.1003.

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Mendoza, Joan-Manuel F., Alejandro Josa, Joan Rieradevall, and Xavier Gabarrell. "Environmental Impact of Public Charging Facilities for Electric Two-Wheelers." Journal of Industrial Ecology 20, no. 1 (April 15, 2015): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12270.

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Wang, Jiaojiao, Qianqian Wei, Chuan Li, and Yang Li. "Quality Analysis and Research of Charging Facilities for Electric Vehicles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1626 (October 2020): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1626/1/012038.

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41

Infante, William, and Jin Ma. "Coordinated Management and Ratio Assessment of Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 56, no. 5 (September 2020): 5955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2020.2987773.

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42

Liu, Haoxiang, and David Z. W. Wang. "Locating multiple types of charging facilities for battery electric vehicles." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 103 (September 2017): 30–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2017.01.005.

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Wang, Jian, Kui Hua Wu, Feng Wang, Kui Zhong Wu, and Zhi Zhen Liu. "Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Mode on Load Characteristic in the Shandong Electric Power Grid." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1582.

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The large scale development of electric vehicle will have both benefits and potential stresses on power grid. It is shown that uncoordinated charging of EVs’ on the grid will produce series of problems, while intelligent charging can improve the operation of the power grid. In this study, based on several scenarios of charging modes, such as plug and charge, night charging and intelligent charging, the corresponding EV load models have been established. Therefore, an analysis is performed for the load characteristics of Shandong power grid to demonstrate the impacts of different EV charging scenarios. The results demonstrate that rational utilization of EVs’ load and energy storage property can help to decrease the maximum load of grid and the peak-valley difference, to stable load, and to raise the utilization of the power facilities.

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ten Have, Simone Y., Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis, and Karst T. Geurs. "Investigating the Future of Ultrafast Charging: A Choice Experiment in the Netherlands." World Electric Vehicle Journal 11, no. 4 (November 7, 2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj11040070.

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Ultrafast charging is developing and will soon be available to electric vehicles (EV). This research focuses on the feasibility of ultrafast charging for EV passenger cars in the Netherlands. We carried out a stated choice experiment with 311 respondents (all EV drivers) and developed mixed logit models based on random utility maximization. In deciding which charging type to choose, this research identified the charging point characteristics, price, proximity to shopping facilities, certainty of charging availability and not having to make a detour as key influential factors for EV drivers. Price changes and not having to make a detour substantially affect users’ choices for the charging types. Contrary to expectations, no significant results were found for urban density, age, technology awareness and importance of sustainability. Finally, the research results show that there is demand for ultrafast charging in the Netherlands even if users have to pay slightly more compared to other forms of charging.

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Tian, Zhihui, Wenbin Hou, Xiaoning Gu, Feng Gu, and Baozhen Yao. "The location optimization of electric vehicle charging stations considering charging behavior." SIMULATION 94, no. 7 (January 8, 2018): 625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549717743807.

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The electric vehicle is seen as an effective way to alleviate the current energy crisis and environmental problems. However, the lack of supporting charging facilities is still a bottleneck in the development of electric vehicles in the Chinese market. In this paper, the cloud model is used to first predict drivers’ charging behavior. An optimization model of charging stations is proposed, which is based on waiting time. The target of this optimization model is to minimize the time cost to electric vehicle drivers. We use the SCE-UA algorithm to solve the optimization model. We apply our method to Dalian, China to optimize charging station locations. We also analyze the optimized result with or without behavior prediction, the optimized result of different numbers of electric vehicles, and the optimized result of different cost constraints. The analysis shows the feasibility and advantages of the charging station location optimization method proposed in this paper.

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Song, Zuoling, Lu Peng, and Yongheng Gu. "Study on Site Selection and Network Optimization of Charging Pile of New Energy Logistics Vehicle." E3S Web of Conferences 352 (2022): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235202020.

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New energy logistics vehicles have become the general trend of urban distribution development. However, in the actual operation and self-development process of domestic new energy logistics vehicles, there have been many new problems, such as the matching degree of the number of new energy logistics vehicles and charging piles is not high, and some regions can not meet the needs of vehicle charging. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the rationalization of charging facility layout and vehicle distribution path planning. After combing and summarizing the existing literature on the layout of charging facilities and vehicle distribution path planning at home and abroad, this paper proposes to consider the location of charging pile and the optimization of distribution path.

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Gao, Hong, Kai Liu, Xinchao Peng, and Cheng Li. "Optimal Location of Fast Charging Stations for Mixed Traffic of Electric Vehicles and Gasoline Vehicles Subject to Elastic Demands." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 1964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081964.

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With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs), one of the urgent issues is how to deploy limited charging facilities to provide services for as many EVs as possible. This paper proposes a bilevel model to depict the interaction between traffic flow distribution and the location of charging stations (CSs) in the EVs and gasoline vehicles (GVs) hybrid network. The upper level model is a maximum flow-covering model where the CSs are deployed on links with higher demands. The lower level model is a stochastic user equilibrium model under elastic demands (SUE-ED) that considers both demands uncertainty and perceived path constraints, which have a significant influence on the distribution of link flow. Besides the path travel cost, the utility of charging facilities, charging speed, and waiting time at CSs due to space capacity restraint are also considered for the EVs when making a path assignment in the lower level model. A mixed-integer nonlinear program is constructed, and the equivalence of SUE-ED is proven, where a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, the network trial and sensitivity analysis are carried out to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model.

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Liu, Weidong, Lei Li, Qin Xie, Dan Li, and Jing Zhang. "Forecasting method of electric vehicle load time-space distribution considering traffic distribution." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 02030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019402030.

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The main work of this paper is to establish an electric vehicle(EV) load forecasting model based on road network traffic distribution for urban and inter-city transportation networks. This paper established a road network model considering the traffic impedance for the EV load forecasting of the urban fast charging network, and studied the prediction method of the time-space distribution of EV charging demand in the fast charging mode .Based on the expressway, the method for predicting the time-space distribution of EV load in the inter-city fast charging network is studied, and a time-space distribution load forecasting model is established. Based on the time-space distribution of traffic flow, combined with EV charging characteristics and travel routes, load simulation is performed. By constructing a prediction method for the time-space distribution of EV charging demand in the fast charging mode, it provides theoretical and methodological support for the research of time-sharing and segmented metering and charging strategies for EV fast charging stations,, and provides an important reference for the development of EV charging facilities operating cost benefits, economic performance indicators and calculation models under fast charging mode, which are of great significance to promote the popularization and application of EV fast charging modes.

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Ma, Shaohui, Pingping Gao, and Hui Tan. "The Impact of Subsidies and Charging Facilities on Demand for Electric Vehicles in China." Environment and Urbanization ASIA 8, no. 2 (August 28, 2017): 230–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425317716679.

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The Chinese government has announced a trial programme to provide for private purchase of new battery-operated electric vehicles (EVs) and for plug-in hybrids in five cities. We investigate the potential impact of these subsidies and charging facilities on demand for EVs, using data from a survey of potential car buyers in China. Building on the understanding of factors and incentives that would likely encourage households to adopt EVs would help to improve policy interventions. Data collection is based on experimental design and stated choice methods through an Internet survey. Choice alternatives include a conventional gasoline, a plug-in hybrid and a pure electrical vehicle. In addition to subsidy and charging facilities, we also investigate the impact of common vehicle attributes such as purchase price, cruising range, refuelling time and the socio-demographic effect. Applying a multinomial logit (MNL) model, we find that subsidies would significantly encourage households to choose a plug-in hybrid or an EV. Compared to pure EVs, people in China are more willing to accept plug-in hybrids at present. Compared to the price factors, charging facilities are less of a concern when households consider the adoption of an EV. Willingness-to-pay and market share simulation are computed based on the estimated parameters for further analysis.

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Koeva, D. Y. "Statistical approach and multiplicative models for electric vehicles charging behaviour patterns." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1216, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1216/1/012008.

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Abstract Since the charging processes of electric vehicles are stochastic and time-dependent, the paper views an approach based on a statistical analysis of real data on electricity consumption at charging station connection points. Other types of data (geographical, public sites, distance between individual charging stations, etc.) are also taken into account when making the analysis. Multiplicative models are the most suitable for studying and forecasting time series with pronounced cyclicity and seasonality. Their application allows us to consider the correlation of the load in the consuming nodes with regional features, climatic factors and seasonality. The method and approach discussed in this paper make possible the processing of a large amount of data and the detection of load cyclicity in the load schedule of electricity facilities. The results of the model will identify the requested charging power in a developing charging infrastructure.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Charging facilities'

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