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Journal articles on the topic 'Charging protocol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 December 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Makeen, Peter, Hani A. Ghali, and Saim Memon. "A Review of Various Fast Charging Power and Thermal Protocols for Electric Vehicles Represented by Lithium-Ion Battery Systems." Future Transportation 2, no. 1 (2022): 281–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp2010015.

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Despite fast technological advances, the worldwide adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is still hampered mainly by charging time, efficiency, and lifespan. Lithium-ion batteries have become the primary source for EVs because of their high energy density and long lifetime. Currently, several methods intend to determine the health of lithium-ion batteries fast-charging protocols. Filling a gap in the literature, a clear classification of charging protocols is presented and investigated here. This paper categorizes fast-charging protocols into the power management protocol, which depends on a con

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2

Priyasta, Dwidharma, Hadiyanto, and Reza Septiawan. "An Overview of EV Roaming Protocols." E3S Web of Conferences 359 (2022): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235905006.

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Roaming in electric mobility (EV roaming) enables EV users to make use of any charging station belonging to other networks with only a single user registration based on roaming agreement between operators. This paper presents an overview of the functionalities of the four major existing EV roaming protocols, namely the Open Charge Point Interface (OCPI), the Open InterCharge Protocol (OICP), the Open Clearing House Protocol (OCHP), and the eMobility Inter-operation Protocol (eMIP). This paper focuses on how each EV roaming protocol works in terms of data exchange with the Open Charge Point Pro

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3

Ramos Muñoz, Edgar, and Faryar Jabbari. "An Octopus Charger-Based Smart Protocol for Battery Electric Vehicle Charging at a Workplace Parking Structure." Energies 15, no. 17 (2022): 6459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176459.

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The transportation sector produces a large portion of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. Meeting ambitious reductions in greenhouse gasses requires large-scale adoption of battery electric vehicles and has led to several policies and laws aimed at incentivizing their sales. While electric vehicles comprise a small percentage of the overall fleets of vehicles, the expected production of electric vehicles is soon expected to be in the millions. This will create challenges in providing an adequate charging infrastructure, as well as the ensuing management of the overall electricity de

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Althurthi, Sai Bhargava, Kaushik Rajashekara, and Tutan Debnath. "Comparison of EV Fast Charging Protocols and Impact of Sinusoidal Half-Wave Fast Charging Methods on Lithium-Ion Cells." World Electric Vehicle Journal 15, no. 2 (2024): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj15020054.

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In electric vehicle fast charging systems, it is important to minimize the effect of fast charging on the grid and it is also important to operate the charging system at high efficiencies. In order to achieve these objectives, in this paper, a sinusoidal half-wave DC current charging protocol and a sinusoidal half-wave pulsed current charging protocol are proposed for the fast charging of Li-ion batteries. A detailed procedure is presented for implementing the following proposed methods: (a) a pre-defined half-sine wave current function and (b) a pulsed half-sine wave current method. Unlike th

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Sholihul Hadi, Mokh, Dityo Kreshna Argeshwara, Siti Sendari, Muhammad Alfian Mizar, Eli Hendrik Sanjaya, and Mhd Irvan. "Off-Grid Electric Vehicle Charging Station with Integrated Local Server OCPP Protocol as a Management System." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 25, no. 3 (2024): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2024-0024.

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Abstract Electric vehicles are widely regarded as pivotal in driving the sustainability of transportation networks forward, thanks to their capacity to diminish carbon emissions, enhance air quality, and bolster the robustness of electricity grids. The accessibility of charging infrastructure and the subjective norms that endorse electric mobility actively shape the electric vehicles acceptance. In this study, Our main goal is to provide off-grid electric vehicle charging infrastructures and the data communication protocols that connect to servers. We analyze the specifications of the OCPP (Op

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Kirchner, Silke R. "OCPP Interoperability: A Unified Future of Charging." World Electric Vehicle Journal 15, no. 5 (2024): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj15050191.

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Electric vehicle (EV) adoption grows steadily on a global scale, yet there is no consistent experience for EV drivers to charge their vehicles, which hinders the important EV mass market adoption. The Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) is the solution to this challenge, as it provides standardization and open communication between EV infrastructure components. The interplay of the OCPP with open cross-functional communication standards boosters driver experience on the one hand, while the charging station itself is integrated into a renewable energy ecosystem. This paper presents a deep dive in

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7

Baum, Lukas, Sahar Darvish, and Detlef Schulz. "Mobile AC/DC test device for electric vehicle charging infrastructure communication." e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 139, no. 2 (2022): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00502-022-01008-1.

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AbstractThe large-scale deployment of charging infrastructure poses challenges to the distribution grid stability. In Hamburg, the project Electrify Buildings for Electric Vehicles (ELBE) implements and tests a demand side management communication protocol that allows the distribution grid operator to reduce the charging power of electric vehicle charging stations if necessary. For this purpose, a test device capable of testing the signal chain as well as a real load reduction is presented for DC charging infrastructure. The standardized high-level communication protocols are described. With t

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8

Hamdare, Safa, David J. Brown, Yue Cao, et al. "A Novel Charging Management and Security Framework for the Electric Vehicle (EV) Ecosystem." World Electric Vehicle Journal 15, no. 9 (2024): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj15090392.

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The EV charging network has witnessed significant growth in the UK in the last few years due to the net zero emission target of the government by 2030. The related literature in EV charging management mainly focuses on road-traffic-parameter-based optimization and lacks detail in terms of charging statistics and cyber–security-enabled charging management frameworks. In this context, this paper proposes a novel EV Charging Management and Security (EVCMS) framework using real-time charging statistics and an Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). Specifically, a system model for EVCMS is presented co

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9

Cho, Youngil, Kyoung Min Kim, and Tae-Jin Lee. "Air Charging Protocol With Spatial-Reuse." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 9, no. 3 (2020): 298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2019.2953067.

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10

Hung, Li-Ling. "Charging Protocol for Partially Rechargeable Mobile Sensor Networks." Sensors 23, no. 7 (2023): 3438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073438.

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have wide applicability in services used in daily life. However, for such networks, limited energy is a critical issue. The efficiency of a deployed sensor network may be subject to energy supply. Wireless rechargeable sensor networks have recently been proposed and discussed. Most related studies have involved applying static rechargeable sensors to an entire rechargeable environment or having mobile chargers patrol the environment to charge sensors within it. For partially rechargeable environments, improving the recharge efficiency and extending the lifetime

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11

Kern, Dustin, Timm Lauser, and Christoph Krauß. "Integrating Privacy into the Electric Vehicle Charging Architecture." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2022, no. 3 (2022): 140–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.56553/popets-2022-0066.

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The Electric Vehicle (EV) charging architecture consists of several actors which communicate with different protocols. A serious issue is the lack of adequate privacy-preserving measures that enables the generation of movement profiles or inferring consumer habits by all of the involved actors. In this paper, we propose an extension of a Trusted Platform Module (TPM)-based Direct Anonymous Attestation (DAA) scheme to enable privacy-preserving charging authorization and billing. Our implementation shows that our solution can be easily integrated into existing protocols of the Plug-and-Charge (P

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12

Venkata Pruthvi, Thota, Niladri Dutta, Phaneendra Babu Bobba, and B. Sai Vasudeva. "Implementation of OCPP Protocol for Electric Vehicle Applications." E3S Web of Conferences 87 (2019): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198701008.

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The ability of the software and hardware systems to interchange information is a key factor for the success of the electric vehicle industry. Standards have been developed and are in use to ensure base level interoperability of the front-end communication and signaling processes for smart charging between electric vehicles and charge stations. The Open Charge Alliance (OCA), a group of European industries, have developed an open source common back-end protocol, called Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP), for charging stations to reduce and secure overall investment costs. OCPP intends to enable

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13

Ku, Kyojin, Seoung-Bum Son, Jihyeon Gim, et al. "Understanding the constant-voltage fast-charging process using a high-rate Ni-rich cathode material for lithium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, no. 1 (2022): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta05767g.

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14

Atanasov, Ivaylo, Evelina Pencheva, and Dora Marinska. "Parlay X Web Services for Policy and Charging Control in Multimedia Networks." Advances in Multimedia 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/296234.

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The paper investigates the capabilities of Parlay X Web Services for Policy and Charging Control (PCC) in managing all Internet-protocol-based multimedia networks (IMSs). PCC is one of the core features of evolved packet networks. It comprises flow-based charging including charging control and online credit control, gating control, and Quality of Service (QoS) control. Based on the analysis of requirements for PCC, the functionality for open access to QoS management and advanced charging is identified. Parlay X Web Services are evaluated for the support of PCC, and some enhancements are sugges

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15

Bai, Yao, Panpan Tang, Jing Zhang, and Jialin Zhang. "Test Method of Communication Protocol of Standard Group Components of Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2066, no. 1 (2021): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2066/1/012032.

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Abstract In recent years, the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry has made the research on the communication protocol detection of the standard components of its charging equipment more and more important. The consistency of the charging communication determines whether the charging process can be carried out normally. During the charging process, the inconsistent communication messages of the standard components will directly lead to the failure of the charging process of the electric vehicle charging equipment. The purpose of this article is to study the communication protocol

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16

Liu, Zhi Hong, Jian Wei Zhang, Xiang Zhao, and Fang Yang. "The Key Technology Research on Integration between Electric Vehicles and Smart Grid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 768–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.768.

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Expounded China's electric vehicle (EV) scale trends and energy supply technology status. Research on smart AC charging pile orderly charge control strategy execution method, having a guide control function and on-board charger monitoring function of the charging pile intelligent controller, communication method and communication protocol between AC charging piles and vehicle terminal; Research on AC/ DC combined charging interface, AC/ DC combined charging equipment, communication method, communication protocol and working mode between AC/ DC combined charging device and EV; Research on non-c

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17

Zhang, Sheng S. "Decent Fast-Charging Performance of Li-Ion Battery Achieved by Modifying Electrolyte Formulation and Charging Protocol." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 170, no. 6 (2023): 060503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/acd819.

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In this work, two strategies have been attempted to achieve decent fast-charging performances of Li-ion batteries. The first is to combine lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) and dimethoxyethane (DME) into an electrolyte for high ionic conductivity of the bulk electrolyte and the electrolyte-electrode interphases, and the second is to limit charging capacity within 80% state-of-charge (SOC) for stable capacity retention by lowering charging rate without increasing total charging time in the standard constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging protocol. It is found that using 5 wt%

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18

Wang, Jie, Shengbao Wang, Kang Wen, Bosen Weng, Xin Zhou, and Kefei Chen. "An ECC-Based Authentication Protocol for Dynamic Charging System of Electric Vehicles." Electronics 13, no. 6 (2024): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13061109.

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Dynamic wireless charging emerges as a promising technology, effectively alleviating range anxiety for electric vehicles in transit. However, the communication between the system’s various components, conducted over public channels, raises concerns about vulnerability to network attacks and message manipulation. Addressing data security and privacy protection in dynamic charging systems thus becomes a critical challenge. In this article, we present an authentication protocol tailored for dynamic charging systems. This protocol ensures secure and efficient authentication between vehicles and ro

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19

Uthaman, Sreekumar, and Dr. Urmila Patil. "EV Mobility for Cyber Security and Safety through Communication Protocol." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 4, no. 4 (2024): 1391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.4.4.10.

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Government of India have initiated various schemes like FAME for the rapid increase in the electrification of road transportation due to various reasons such as escalating pollution, global warming, etc. This has led to the development and installation of charging infrastructure throughout the country. DC Fast charging systems have been in place for charging EV at a faster rate. EV and EVSE are manufactured based on various DC Fast Charging communication protocols, viz. DC001, CHAdeMO, CCS, and GB/T. Testing EV charging stations is essential in three main areas: development, installation, and

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20

Fang, Lei, Xue Rao, Ling Li, and Huan Li. "A RFID-Based Security Authentication System Model for Electric Vehicle Charging Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 741 (March 2015): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.623.

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Improving the efficiency of RFID data storage and ensuring communication security is an effective way to improve the efficiency and safety of the identifying and authenticating process between charging stations and electric vehicles. Considering structure of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) and the components of RFID system, this paper presents a charging station security authentication system model based on lightweight RFID security protocol using hybrid encryption technology. This protocol participates in the computation and storage through a reader-writer, so that it can store more

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21

Syed, Shabana, Venu Pampalle, and Gajendra Vylu. "Implementation of OCCP Protocol for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 10, no. 1 (2022): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.1012210.

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The ability of the software and hardware systems to interchange information is a key factor for the success of the electric vehicle industry. Standards have been developed and are in use to ensure base level interoperability of the front-end communication and signalling processes for smart charging between electric vehicles and charge stations. The Open Charge Alliance (OCA), a group of European industries, have developed an open-source common back-end protocol, called Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP), for charging stations to reduce and secure overall investment costs. OCPP intends to enable

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22

Glaszczka, Alicja, Dominika A. Buchberger, Sai Rashmi Manippady, Magdalena Winkowska-Struzik, Michal Struzik, and Andrzej Czerwinski. "How Does the Charging Protocol Affect the Structural Properties of Different NMC?" ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 5 (2025): 616. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-015616mtgabs.

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NMC cathodes are integral to lithium-ion batteries, widely used in applications from consumer electronics to electric vehicles (EVs). The varying ratios of nickel, manganese, and cobalt in NMC111 (1:1:1), NMC622 (6:2:2), and NMC811 (8:1:1) significantly affect their performance characteristics and structural stability during charging. Nickel-rich compositions are more susceptible to structural degradation and phase transitions, but at the same time offer higher energy density. The increased nickel content in NMC622 and NMC811, compared to NMC111, enhances their capacity but also induces more p

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Guillemin, Sylvain, Romain Choulet, Gregory Guyot, and Sothun Hing. "Electrical Vehicle Smart Charging Using the Open Charge Point Interface (OCPI) Protocol." Energies 17, no. 12 (2024): 2873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122873.

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This paper proposes a new approach to the design of smart charging systems. It aims to separate the role of the Smart Charging Service Provider (SCSP) from the role of the Charge Point Operator (CPO) to provide real flexibility and efficiency of mass deployment. As interoperability is required for this purpose, the challenge is to use standard equipment and protocols in the design of the smart charging Energy Management System (EMS). The use of an Open Charge Point Interface (OCPI) is crucial for an interface between the EMS and the Charge Point Operator. The smart charging EMS developed has b

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Pencheva, Evelina, and Ivaylo Atanasov. "Open Access to Control on Quality of Service in Convergent Networks." International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering 5, no. 2 (2010): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitwe.2010040104.

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This paper investigates the capabilities for open access to quality of service management in convergent networks. Based on the analysis of requirements for policy and charging control in Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), functions for quality of service (QoS) management and charging that are available for third party applications are identified. The functionality of Open Service Access (OSA) and Parlay X interfaces is evaluated for support of dynamic QoS control, while an approach to development of OSA compliant application programming interfaces for QoS management in IMS networks

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Kakkar, Riya, Rajesh Gupta, Smita Agrawal, et al. "Blockchain and IoT-Driven Optimized Consensus Mechanism for Electric Vehicle Scheduling at Charging Stations." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 12800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912800.

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The emerging demand for electric vehicles in urban cities leads to the need to install a huge number of charging stations. With this requirement, electric vehicle coordination and scheduling at charging stations in real-time becomes highly tedious. Thus, there is a need for an efficient scheduling mechanism for electric vehicle charging at charging stations. This paper proposes a novel blockchain and Internet of Things-based consensus mechanism called COME for secure and trustable electric vehicle scheduling at charging stations. The proposed mechanism is intending to resolve conflicts at char

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Hogrefe, Christin, Markus Hölzle, Margret Wohlfahrt-Mehrens, and Thomas Waldmann. "Multistep Improvement of Pilot-Scale 21700 Cells for Increased Fast-Charging Capability: Combining Optimized Electrolyte, Cell Design and Fast-Charging Protocol." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 170, no. 11 (2023): 110535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ad0c65.

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In this publication, different cell- and charging parameters (advanced fast-charging protocol, 21700 tab design, electrolyte composition) are changed in a systematic step-by-step approach to reduce charging time while keeping the anode and cathode cell chemistry and electrodes (graphite—NMC 622 full cell) unchanged. Preliminary tests were carried out using 3-electrode full cells with a Li metal reference electrode to identify charging conditions that avoid Li metal deposition. In addition, the effects of the anode potential are investigated in 3-electrode full cells with a Li metal reference e

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Song, Juhyun, Zhe Liu, Kevin W. Knehr, et al. "Pathways towards managing cost and degradation risk of fast charging cells with electrical and thermal controls." Energy & Environmental Science 14, no. 12 (2021): 6564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ee02286e.

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Liwa Purnadita, Putu Tesa, Pratolo Rahardjo, and I. G. A. Putu Raka Agung. "RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE PERANGKAT KERAS ELECTRIC VEHICLE SUPPLY EQUIPMENT MENGGUNAKAN PROTOKOL SAE J1772." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 11, no. 2 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2024.v11.i02.p1.

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The existence of Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (SPKLU) is increasing alongside the rise in electric vehicle usage in a certain area. EVCS is equipped with devices that directly interact with electric vehicles (EVs) during charging; this device is called Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE). Both EVSE and EV require protocols to communicate with each other aimed at exchanging information such as readiness for charging between EVSE and EV. The communication protocol used in this research is the SAE J1772 protocol. This study focuses on designing a hardware prototype of EVSE based

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Liu, Chang, Xueqiong Wang, Li Tian, Song Mei, and Zhendong Zhang. "Fuzzy Testing Method of CAN Bus of Charging Pile Based on Genetic Algorithm." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2745175.

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With the guidance of the new energy policy and the continuous expansion of the new energy market, electric vehicles are the development direction of the automotive industry in the future, and the electric vehicle charging infrastructure is an important guarantee for the use of electric vehicles, which plays a positive role in promoting the popularity of electric vehicles. CAN bus protocol is the communication protocol between charging pile and electric vehicle, and its security concerns the safety of electric vehicles. In this article, a CAN bus fuzzy testing method based on genetic algorithm

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Polyakov, N. S., S. B. Bloshkin, and R. E. Beseda. "A new charging protocol for blast furnaces." Steel in Translation 43, no. 3 (2013): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s096709121303008x.

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31

Gan, Lingwen, Ufuk Topcu, and Steven H. Low. "Optimal decentralized protocol for electric vehicle charging." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 28, no. 2 (2013): 940–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2012.2210288.

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32

Torky, Mohamed, Mohamed El-Dosuky, Essam Goda, Václav Snášel, and Aboul Ella Hassanien. "Scheduling and Securing Drone Charging System Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Blockchain Technology." Drones 6, no. 9 (2022): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6090237.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a powerful technology for introducing untraditional solutions to many challenges in non-military fields and industrial applications in the next few years. However, the limitations of a drone’s battery and the available optimal charging techniques represent a significant challenge in using UAVs on a large scale. This problem means UAVs are unable to fly for a long time; hence, drones’ services fail dramatically. Due to this challenge, optimizing the scheduling of drone charging may be an unusual solution to drones’ battery problems. Moreover, auth

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U. Sreekumar, A. Anand Deshpande, B. Abhijit Mulay, and G. Parag Mengaji. "ARAI Indigenously Developed OCPP Server and OCPP Stack for EV Charging Station." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 3, no. 2 (2023): 630–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.3.2.10.

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Paper contains the work done on “ARAI indigenously developed OCPP server and OCPP stack for EV Charging station”. At present, India faces the challenge to locate, monitor and control the chargers situated at different locations, as there is no backend communication. We are experiencing shortage of conventionally generated power and fluctuation in the availability of power due to heavy load during the peak hours. To overcome this, all the chargers need to have backend communication so that the maximum charging rate of the chargers upon the availability of power in the grid can be controlled and

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Emeruwa, C and Edem, M. E. "Optimized model for rapid battery charging using constant current constant voltage protocol." GSC Advanced Engineering and Technology 2, no. 1 (2021): 062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscaet.2021.2.1.0025.

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This research, which aims to find the best constant current, constant voltage parameters for charging a battery in the quickest time possible, subjects battery cells to varied charging and discharge rates in order to determine their rate capabilities. Cycling the cells using constant current, constant voltage charge in 60 minutes and 90 minutes discharge for 400 cycles examines the effects of the charging current Charge Rate and the voltage limit for the constant voltage on the battery's discharge capacity. The results obtained showed that 1.3C-rate and 4.3V voltage limit produced the utmost d

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Hsaini, Sara, Mounir Ghogho, and My El Hassan Charaf. "An OCPP-Based Approach for Electric Vehicle Charging Management." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186735.

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This paper proposes a smart system for managing the operations of grid-connected charging stations for electric vehicles (EV) that use photovoltaic (PV) sources. This system consists of a mobile application for EV drivers to make charging reservations, an algorithm to optimize the charging schedule, and a remote execution module of charging operations based on the open charge point protocol (OCPP). The optimal charging schedule was obtained by solving a binary integer programming problem. The merits of our solution are illustrated by simulating different charging demand scenarios.

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Ahene, Emmanuel, Mark Ofori-Oduro, Frimpong Twum, Joojo Walker, and Yaw Marfo Missah. "Efficient Authentication Protocol and Its Application in Resonant Inductive Coupling Wireless Power Transfer Systems." Sensors 21, no. 24 (2021): 8245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248245.

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Chaos theory and its extension into cryptography has generated significant applications in industrial mixing, pulse width modulation and in electric compaction. Likewise, it has merited applications in authentication mechanisms for wireless power transfer systems. Wireless power transfer (WPT) via resonant inductive coupling mechanism enables the charging of electronic devices devoid of cords and wires. In practice, the key to certified charging requires the use of an authentication protocol between a transmitter (charger) and receiver (smartphone/some device). Via the protocol, a safe level a

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Almuhaideb, Abdullah M., and Sammar S. Algothami. "ECQV-Based Lightweight Revocable Authentication Protocol for Electric Vehicle Charging." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 6, no. 4 (2022): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6040102.

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In the near future, using electric vehicles will almost certainly be required for the sustainability of nature and our planet. The most significant challenge that users are concerned about is the availability of electric vehicle charging stations. Therefore, to maximize the availability of electric vehicle charging stations, we suggest taking benefit from individual sellers who produce renewable energy from their homes or electric vehicle owners who have charging piles installed in their homes. However, energy services that are rapidly being offered by these businesses do not have a trust conn

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Lee, Donggyun, Minsu Kim, Minji Kim, et al. "Stable Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation with Optimal Charging Protocol." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 7 (2024): 833. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-027833mtgabs.

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Stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers are key to the high performance of lithium-ion batteries, impacting metrics such as coulombic efficiency and cycle life. The instability of the SEI on the surface has severely impeded its practical applications due to poor cycling stability and safety concerns. A non-uniform SEI layer can cause delamination or promote dendrite growth on the surface of the material. Dendrite growth is accompanied by parasitic responses and high electrolyte consumption. Dendritic structures can penetrate the separator and eventually reach the electrode side, compr

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Li, He Pei, Ling Tao Zhang, and Su Bo He. "A Routing Protocol for Solar Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 2903–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2903.

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Energy and lifetime issues are crucial to the wide applications of wireless sensor networks. This paper proposes a routing protocol, SEHRP (Solar Energy Harvesting Routing Protocol), for solar energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. This protocol classifies all the sensor nodes into various regions for which each region has been assigned its transmission priority, and the data can only be delivered from lower priority regions to higher priority region. SEHRP can also detect the sensor nodes which are under the charging state, then avoid choosing those charging nodes to ensure the successfu

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Amudhavalli, Padmanabhan, Rahiman Zahira, Subramaniam Umashankar, and Xavier N. Fernando. "A Smart Approach to Electric Vehicle Optimization via IoT-Enabled Recommender Systems." Technologies 12, no. 8 (2024): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies12080137.

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Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming of significant interest owing to their environmental benefits; however, energy efficiency concerns remain unsolved and require more investigation. A major issue is a lack of EV charging infrastructure, which can lead to operational difficulties. Effective infrastructure development, including well-placed charging stations (CS), is critical to enhancing connectivity. To overcome this, consumers want real-time data on charging station availability, neighboring station locations, and access times. This work leverages the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Proto

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Han, Seongik. "Optimal Charging Current Protocol with Multi-Stage Constant Current Using Dandelion Optimizer for Time-Domain Modeled Lithium-Ion Batteries." Applied Sciences 14, no. 23 (2024): 11320. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142311320.

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This study utilized a multi-stage constant current (MSCC) charge protocol to identify the optimal current pattern (OCP) for effectively charging lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) using a Dandelion optimizer (DO). A Thevenin equivalent circuit model (ECM) was implemented to simulate an actual LiB with the ECM parameters estimated from the offline time response data obtained through a hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test. For the first time, DO was applied to metaheuristic optimization algorithms (MOAs) to determine the OCP within the MSCC protocol. A composite objective function that inco

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Gonzalez-Saenz, Julio, and Victor Becerra. "Determining Fast Battery Charging Profiles Using an Equivalent Circuit Model and a Direct Optimal Control Approach." Energies 17, no. 6 (2024): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17061470.

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This work used an electrical equivalent circuit model combined with a temperature model and computational optimal control methods to determine minimum time charging profiles for a lithium–ion battery. To effectively address the problem, an optimal control problem formulation and direct solution approach were adopted. The results showed that, in most cases studied, the solution to the battery’s fast-charging problem resembled the constant current–constant voltage (CC-CV) charging protocol, with the advantage being that our proposed approach optimally determined the switching time between the CC

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Weisbach, Michéle, Tobias Schneider, Dominik Maune, et al. "Intelligent Multi-Vehicle DC/DC Charging Station Powered by a Trolley Bus Catenary Grid." Energies 14, no. 24 (2021): 8399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248399.

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This article deals with the major challenge of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in urban areas—installing as many fast charging stations as necessary and using them as efficiently as possible, while considering grid level power limitations. A smart fast charging station with four vehicle access points and an intelligent load management algorithm based on the combined charging system interface is presented. The shortcomings of present implementations of the combined charging system communication protocol are identified and discussed. Practical experiments and simulations of different ch

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Hung, H. N., Y. B. Lin, N. F. Peng, and S. I. Sou. "Connection failure detection mechanism of UMTS charging protocol." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 5, no. 5 (2006): 1180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2006.1633371.

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Alzahrani, Ahmad, Shriya Makarand Wangikar, Vairavasundaram Indragandhi, Rassaiah Raja Singh, and Vairavasundaram Subramaniyaswamy. "Design and Implementation of SAE J1939 and Modbus Communication Protocols for Electric Vehicle." Machines 11, no. 2 (2023): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11020201.

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The charging station has a vital role in the electric vehicle sector. The charging station provides supply (AC or DC) to vehicles as per requirements. The charging station infrastructure includes software and hardware that ensure energy transfer and safety. Communication is mandatory to transmit messages that contain information from the battery management system and charger. This research focuses on implementing the communication between the charger controller and the battery management system. This paper adopts the controller area network (CAN) bus charger communication protocol based on the

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Venkatakrishnan, Sankaranarayanan, and Ramaraja Ramasamy. "Effect of Fast-Charging and Cycling Window on Lithium-Ion Battery Performance and Aging." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 2 (2024): 244. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-022244mtgabs.

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Aggressive charging practices and extreme usage patterns of electric vehicle batteries pose safety risks, including fire hazards. Beyond fast charging, battery health is influenced by dynamic factors like temperature, state-of-charge (SoC) window of operation, and driving conditions relative to charging events1,2. Given that electric vehicles (EVs) rarely operate in their full SoC range (0–100%)3, understanding battery cell degradation across different SoC swing ranges and fast-charging effects becomes critical. This understanding not only optimizes battery usage and extends cell lifespan but

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Maia, Geraldo L., Caio C. L. Santos, Paulo R. M. Nunes, et al. "EV Smart-Charging Strategy for Power Management in Distribution Grid with High Penetration of Distributed Generation." Energies 17, no. 21 (2024): 5394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17215394.

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Accelerated environmental impacts are a growing concern in the modern world. Electric mobility and the transition to a cleaner energy matrix have become increasingly discussed topics. In this context, this work presents a framework for controlling an electric vehicle (EV)-charging station integrated into a microgrid application as a basis for creating the infrastructure integrated into a smart grid concept. Considering the electrification of the transportation sector future perspectives, a brief review is conducted on the impacts of EV fleet growth in different countries and how smart-charging

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Li, Xu Ling, Lin Sang, Jian Cheng Ye, and Xuan Zhang. "A Simulated System of Battery Management System Based on SAE J1939 Protocol." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1001.

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The Battery Management System (BMS) is provided to manage battery packs and interface with other systems which require information of charging state. It designed and developed a simulated system of BMS which can communicate with the Electric Vehicle (EV) off-board charger via the SAE J1939 protocol. The system could build different battery models based on corresponding electrical parameters such as battery type, charging mode, nominal voltage, etc. It was applied in the protocol conformance testing through which to verify whether the design of off-board charger was conform to protocol specific

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Dr., D.Srihari, N.Swathi, O.Bhavya, S.Nazuma, S.Basha, and P.Javeed. "Eco-Friendly Monitoring and Management System for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 12, no. 2 (2024): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11085050.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Among the main problems faced in the context of electric mobility today, the management and monitoring of electric vehicle charging stations, the integration between the diverse types of technologies that make up its architecture, and its low scalability stand out. Therefore, we will present the implementation and complete integration of an electric vehicle charging system in an electric mobility pilot project being executed in the Amazon region in Brazil. Therefore, a literature review of related works will be presented, and its entire implementation will be address

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Pandey, Aadarsh. "EV Charging Reservation and Tracker using OCPP." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem45201.

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The EV Slot Booking app is an innovative solution designed to streamline the process of locating and reserving electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. Developed as an Android application, it leverages modern technologies such as Firebase, Google Maps API, and OpenChargeMap API to provide users with real-time access to nearby charging points. The app’s core feature is its integration with the Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP), enabling seamless communication with charging stations for booking and charging management.Users can authenticate using Firebase’s secure login methods and utilize the a

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