Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Charité – Aspect religieux'
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Kitts, Antony. "« Bons » ou « mauvais » pauvres ? Du mendiant vagabond au pauvre secouru en Normandie orientales au XIXe siècle (1796-1914)." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUEL032.
Full textThe thesis deals with the question of the treatment of poverty, begging and vagrancy in eastern Normandy in the nineteenth century, a region particularly affected by these phenomena. Among the logics and the processes of marginalization of these poor Normans, the most obvious is its origin in the socio-economic evolution of a century crossed by several serious crises. Other elements of explanation are to be found on the side of urbanization, migration, crime and social and health vulnerabilities. This reflection also led us to wonder about the means that a society is putting in place to combat this poverty and this begging. A system of public assistance, based on hospitals and charitable offices and supported by a multitude of private charities, has gradually been set up to relieve the “good” poor, before asserting itself Truly under the Third republic. At the same time, the “bad” poor, embodied essentially in the figures of the beggar and the vagabond, are subjected to severe police and judicial control, the paroxysm of which will be reached during the last third of the century with the Law on the Relegation of 1885
Pifre, Véronique. "Pauvreté dans le Haut Maine : charité, assistance et lutte contre la marginalité, 1650-1789." Le Mans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LEMAA009.
Full textBleuzen, Brigitte. "Religieux en banlieues : sociologie d'un institut religieux de 1940 à 2003 (l'Institut des Fils de la Charité)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0082.
Full textThe transition from a situation of relative institutional domination to that of a simple association-based partnership in a world that has become both multi-cultural and multi-denominational implies, for the men of faith, the constant quest for suitable communities in wich to promote social action going from charitable organisations unions and political parties as well as unemployement associations and grass roots movements situated in the cités "suburbs of exclusion". The sociology of subjectivity proposes differentiated profile typologies : The being of history who constructs his relation to the world through antagonism with the aim of creating a new man. The being of the world builds his wordly presence through the integration of otherness and paradox. The being for the being conceives of his being in the world through a "faithfull to himself" and this, in all circumstances. Confronted by this individualism of pratice, the priests explore the memory of their founder in order to identify symbolic resources thus enabling them to justify the present action and their commitments for the future. Diverse "families of references" emerge to produce a "We", collective memory, that is both plural and differentiated
Dubrulle, Luc. "Mgr Rodhain et le Secours catholique : une figure sociale de la charité." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040048.
Full textFifty years after its German neighbour, the Roman Catholic Church in France endowed itself in 1946 with a central organisation of charity, called Secours Catholique. At the end of the Second World War, enhanced by his founding of a General Chaplaincy for prisoners of war, Canon Jean Rhodain (b. 1900), was appointed Secretary General of this new charity organisation, of which he was to remain “the boss” until he died in 1977. Substantiated by the scrutiny of a thousand or so written documents of Mgr Rhodain and the spheres of action of Secours Catholique, the present study is both historical and theological. Its purpose is to portray the social figure of charity that comes out of this investigation. At first conducive, in a pedagogical approach, to a view of integral charity, as should be practiced by the whole Church and all mankind, this figure has been inclined, year after year, to differentiate itself as a more and more efficient central organisation of charity. Though attempting to rehabilitate charity by way of an intransigent doctrinal reaction, Mgr Rhodain, by such practical achievements as the creation of prototype cities, has facilitated has facilitated the re-establishment of the credibility of charity in a secularized society
Trautmann, Frédéric. "La place de la notion de charité en éthique au moment du Concile Vatican II." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/TRAUTMANN_Frederic_2010.pdf.
Full textCharity is a complex concept because of its history. The contributions of greek philosophy, scriptural, patristic and scholastic theology, as well as the scope of social life, are all factors that allowed theologians of moral renewal of the first half of the twentieth century, to restore charity as virtue, mother and form of all other virtues. This rediscovery of the virtue of charity makes out the morality of legalism in which she had gradually enclosed. Christian life is now a way to the holiness, which the basic rule is the double commandment of love of God and neighbor, which has many implications in the spiritual, social and community areas. The texts of Vatican II, particularly the fifth chapter of Lumen Gentium, completed by Gaudium et Spes, includes part only the thinking developed by theologians about the revival of charity in terms of trinitarian communion and an ecclesiology of communion. The Council does not reproduce the virtuous perspective of thomism. Christians can respond their universal vocation to holiness in charity, which is nothing more than to live as God’s holiness and the perfection of love. Holiness is the same to all, although she is lived in a variety of modes, depending on the condition of life for everyone. Charity is presented as a responsorial structure of Christian life : everyone is invited to respond to his vocation of man and baptized by loving God and neighbor
Thiel, Camille. "De l'évergétisme à la charité chrétienne ? : transformations et usages du don à la collectivité en Afrique tardo-antique (fin du IIIème siècle-VIème siècle)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG030/document.
Full textThis dissertation addresses the problem of the transition from euergetism to Christian charity. The approach focuses on gifts to communities in Late Antique North Africa from the third century to the sixth century. The study uses epigraphical and literary documents and includes anthropological perspectives on gift-giving. During Late Antiquity, euergetism (public benefaction) changes and disappears slowly. According to most current theories, euergetism would have been replaced by a new form of generosity, based on 'Christian charity'. Progressively converted to Christianity, the Romano‑Africans would have given up classical civic generosity, turning instead to the Christian communities. This dissertation studies the discourse and practice of gift-giving and challenges the idea of a transition from euergetism to charity, showing that both types of gifts coexisted in early Late Antiquity. This theory clarifies the chronology of Late Antique generosity and analyzes the expression 'Christian euergetism'. Finally, the study examines the uses of benefaction and shows that gift-giving strengthens social bonds while simultaneously generating tension
Mekacher, Amal. "Duplixité de la finance islamique : une expression manichéiste de l’économie capitaliste ? Etude critique et analytique." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0170.
Full textIn this thesis, we will focus on uderstanding the new langages adopted by the economic word in it quantity manufacturing machine. To this end, we will endeavour through ethical finance based on Islamic principles, to decipher what appear to be new expressions, reflected in a double transfer that takes places between the spirit of a capitalism whose criticism is in crisis, and the renewal of the capitalist spirit whose instruments are desperately recast in a moralization, even religious, of the sometimes most immoral acts. Thus, as with Protestants, in Isla, it is the « act of trading » that will be placed in the center of « financial » vocation, encouraged while being opposed to the act of usury (ribà in the Muslim world),it will be the basis for a religious legitimization of the existence of an islamized financial institution. We will then have to examine in greater depth, some aspects of the islamized financial industry, its birth, organisation, promoters and instruments, alarted by contradictions, inconsistencies, even incongruities, we will most often conclude with contrasts revealing contexts with irregular polisie, where often signs of alarming precariousness are clumsily tamed by a pseudo-moderity, parasiting an outdated institution in uncertain setting. Some Muslim countries will help us to sorround the issue
Bauer, Michel. "L’Eglise et l’argent dans les lettres de François de Sales et de Jeanne Frémyot de Chantal." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20106/document.
Full textIn the the survey of 4960 surviving letters (after voluntary or involuntary destructions), I only deal with materialia avoiding spiritualia. First, I find the fund raising necessary for the (re)conquest and the management of a part of a diocese, and then, the quest for money and real estate in order to launch and then develop a monastic order, Visitation.Political and social restrictions frame the fund raising and the optimization of the investments, taking in account the circumstances (wars, plagues, famines). Consequently we study their implementation of the financial virtues (poverty, charity, labour). Their financial aims can only be obtained with the help of non-ecclesiastical and ecclesiastical networks, mainly in the upper society. The competition is harsh inside the roman church (prelates, monastic orders, Rome) as well as in the world (princes, nobility, local councils); thus they engage in many lawsuits, in contradiction with their other own writings. The complexity of their enterprises prompts them to build a resources management (finance, real estate, human resources), foreshadowing the one of contemporary organizations.The follow-up of details, as well in the fields of investment rate, as for producing pieces of furniture or books, as for selecting buildings or managers, all this detailed behaviour fits with the one of a modern top-manager, who shall finance his many activities. Finally, the Roman Catholic Church could be considered as a root of modern capitalism, in an other dimension than the one developed by Max Weber for Protestantism.On the other hand, those ceaseless limitations could lead them to forget their ultimate goals
Brejon, de Lavergnée Matthieu. "La société de Saint-Vincent-de-Paul à Paris au XIXe siècle (1833-1871) : prosopographie d’une élite catholique fervente." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040106.
Full textThe Saint Vincent de Paul Society was born in Paris in 1833. Her founders were a group of catholic students, which among them Frédéric Ozanam is the best known, anxious to uphold their faith and to help the poors. This thesis’s methods come from those of religious and social history ; this work tries to understand the shapes and reasons of the fast developpement of a charitable work in the first middle of the nine’teenth century. It takes an interest in the urban geography of its implatation in France. It studies also the paterns of its organization and government inside the institution ; the speeches and observances of its members, between charity and philanthropy, read in the light of an anthropology of the gift. It takes an interest as well into the most significant of its charitable work, housecall visits and patronage, without neglecting their own financing. At the local and parish scale, Paris is a special place for the observation, in order to lighten the charitable networks of the french capital. To end with, a prosopography of the members ables us to draw the fellow members profile, the modle of the charitable man in the first social catholicism
Veber, Martin. ""In carcere eram et venistis ad me" : les secours aux prisonniers en Occident pendant l’Antiquité tardive du règne de Marc Aurèle au pontificat de Grégoire le Grand (fin IIe-VIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040189.
Full textIn the Late Antique West, prisoners are being helped in order to bear the bad conditions of their captivity or to be liberated. The inmates often receive visits and material as well as psychological support without any legal restriction. Yet, benefactors have often difficulties with the guards who take arbitrary decisions and are sometimes corrupted. Prison is no longer only a humiliating place because it is given a religious meaning by Christians during the persecutions. Captives are liberated, particularly by being redeemed, and profit from the postliminium legislation which allow them to recover their former juridical status. Nevertheless, they are from then on under the obligation to pay back their benefactor before they actually benefit by this right. If they can’t, they remain dependent on him. As for Roman authorities, they make of the return of captives without any compensation a non negotiable peace condition in order to show their total superiority. The progressive Christianization of the West make people show more interest for prisoners. From the beginning of the Vth century A. D., Captives, who become more and more numerous because of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, receive more help. Redeeming captives and taking care of them is now a part of the Church charity work, as well as supporting inmates, whether they are accused or condemned. Being promoted protectors of cities, bishops are dealing with this responsibility by rescuing and relieving prisoners. Thus, they strengthen their new social and political rank
Alkandari, Mohammed. "Les banques islamiques en droit koweïtien : "étude juridique à la lumière de la Charia"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAA017/document.
Full textIslamic banking is one of the most important topics. In Kuwait, a number of Islamic banks engage in banking and commercial transactions but they avoid interest "Riba" in their transactions. Consequently, the study proves the formal and procedural aspects of Islamic banks and their departments, including their transactions and services. The study then concludes with the explanation of the legitimate (Sharia) and legal aspects of the concept of "Riba"
Tsakiropoulou, Ioanna Zoe. "The piety and charity of London's female elite, c.1580-1630 : the wives and widows of the aldermen of the City of London." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1b933cc5-905a-4be0-b10b-a20aec49997a.
Full textAnouti-Azizé, Suzanne. "L'évolution du rôle d'une organisation transcontinentale fondée sur la solidarité religieuse : l'OCI." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED008.
Full textThe Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has been established in 1969, following the fire of the Al-Aqsa mosque. This organization represents the voice of the Islamic world and it is considered according to its membership, the second intergovernmental organization after the UNO. OIC includes fifty seven member states coming from all over the World.A Ten-year Program of Action (TYPOA) has been adopted in 2005 during the third extraordinary Islamic Summit, aiming at establishing a new vision for the Islamic World called: « Solidarity into action ».This thesis discusses the evolution of the role of the OIC relating international challenges of political, economic, social and cultural nature that the Islamic communities have to face. The thesis points out the matters that have been achieved through the TYPOA and the obstacles that the OIC faced regarding the necessity to unify the Islamic Ummah
Hilal, Michel. "La Charte arabe des droits de l'homme : incertitudes et ambiguïtés en matière d'application." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAA016.
Full textThe Arab human rights system relies essentially upon an international convention, the Arab Charter on human rights. An Arab human rights Committee in set up under the Charter that supervises and monitors the implementation of Charter obligations by States parties. Despite its late establishment (2004) compared to other regional systems of human rights protection, the Charter has proved to be unique in its kind. The Charter combines divine and natural rights and, by means of its general and final provisions, succeeds in curtailing its own future development. Some features of the Charter are original compared to what one finds in other international instruments. As for that, the Charter deviates from United Nations conventional standards, as it enshrines several human rights in somewhat regressive or ambiguous forms. Transposition of these rights into domestic law is expected to further widen discrepancies with United Nations human rights standards and render as a whole the efficiency of the Charter quite uncertain.In other words, the Charter itself and its implementation are far, for the time being, from strengthening universal human rights, or even maintaining for them a level of global protection near to that prevailing in accepted international standards. It is notable to address that it is one thing for the Arab League to affirm human rights, and quite another to guarantee those rights. Yet, in the human rights field, the efficiency and coerciveness of the norm is conditioned to the possibility of some kind of effective judicial review. The assessment of the Arab human rights system prompts to assert that this requirement is only poorly met, in contrast with other human rights regional systems. Hence, the urgency to revise the text of the Arab Charter on human rights in a perspective aiming at guaranteeing its progressive compliance with international human rights standards
Cadavid, Yani Helwi Margarita. "Saving a Saint : A Study of the Representation of Maria Goretti (1890-1902): a Saint, a Martyr, a Virgin, a Child." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kyrko- och missionsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-364858.
Full textGerber, René Joseph. ""Lis avec application les articles... et puis tu jugeras" : la réception des XII articles dans les "Flugschriften" de 1525." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869938.
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