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1
Ross, Thomas M. "Wolves in wolves' clothing : the role of the Chechen mafia in the formation of an independent Chechen Republic." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5660.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.<br>The path to Chechen autonomy has been tumultuous. Over the past 200 years, internal and external forces have played significant roles in shaping the territory and identity of the Chechen nation. Fierce resistance by Chechens has led Russian officials to label the region's inhabitants as criminals. Chechen criminality was also affected by punishments for this resistance. Chechen resistance eventually let to the mass criminalization of the entire Chechen ethnicity. Mass criminalization exposed the Chechens to a wider Russian criminal world. Through illegal activities, Chechen criminals amassed significant resources. As the Soviet Union fell, Chechen organized crime groups were poised to support the bid for national independence led by former Soviet General Djohar Dudayev. This thesis contends that bottom-up and top-down forces were critical in forming a perception of Chechen criminality. The perception of criminality and its attendant punishments supported the rise of actual criminality, in a time where crime made possible the amassing of significant amounts of wealth and power. It was wealth and power that Dudayev's fledgling government needed, Chechen organized crime groups would provide but at a cost. While providing material support to Dudayev organized crime elements infiltrated government positions to further their own interests
2
Lavan, Derek M. "The Chechen war and Russia's transition to democracy." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA340890.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1997.<br>"December 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Mikhail Tsypkin, Bertrend M. Patenaude. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-119). Also available online.
3
Szablewska, Natalia M. "The politics of international law : implications for the Chechen conflict." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537480.
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This thesis is a socio-legal study of the politics of international law (i.e. the relationship between international law and international politics). There is not necessarily an accepted scope, or even direction, of this relationship but it is widely perceived to be important in international, as well as national, affairs. Still, this relationship needs to be better understood and articulated. This thesis offers a theoretical and empirical account of the phenomenon of the politics of international law, and its implications for the Chechen conflict by exploring how and to what extent one's understanding of the phenomenon is determined by culture, history, political and social context. Part One is an overview of the literature and theoretical approaches to studying the relationship between (international) law and (international) politics, as well as an analysis of sixteen face-to-face semi-structured interviews with practitioners of international law and international politics from different backgrounds and cultures. That leads to a theoretical model which is applied and verified in Part Two, a case study of the Chechen conflict. This focuses specifically on a socio-historical understanding of international law, the humanitarian and human rights movement in Russia, and the relationship between human rights law and international humanitarian law in the judgements of the European Court of Human Rights in the so-called Chechen cases. The findings of this study indicate that international politics is highly influenced by international law just as international law is affected by international politics. They both are integral parts of the international system, nevertheless, remain distinct from each other. It is therefore the politics of international law that allows international relations to take place, where politics provides the means by which the negotiations can take place and law creates specific language and provides a framework within which the debates can take place. It demonstrates that the challenges of modern times make that the two become increasingly influential on one another.
4
Baxter, Christina E. "The Wolf Attacks: A History of the Russo-Chechen Conflict." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2460.
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In the 1990s and early 2000s, the Chechens fought against the Russians for independence. The focus in the literature available has been on the wars and the atrocities caused by the wars. The literature then hypothesizes that the insurgency of today is just a continuation of the past. They do not focus on a major event in Chechen history: the Soviet liquidation of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1944. It is this author’s assertion that the liquidation of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR forever changed the mindset of the people because it fractured a society that was once unified. This project will compare the Chechen insurgency from the beginnings until the deportation and after the deportation. This will allow me to show how the deportation changed the Chechen mindset and disprove the assertion that these two Chechen wars were just a continuation of the past.
5
Mitchell, Shenequa L. "Unresolved ethnic conflict and religious revival in Russia the Chechen element." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FMitchell.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Abenheim, Donald. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 23, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-68). Also available in print.
6
Shannon, William D. "Swarm tactics and the doctrinal void lessons from the Chechen wars." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483607.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Europe and Eurasia))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Tsypkin, Mikhail ; Arquilla, John. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 22, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-89). Also available in print.
7
Danecek, Christopher. ""On the northern border of Islam": an anthropological analysis and the international implications of the Chechnya conflict." Thesis, Boston University, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27628.
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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>2031-01-02
8
Edwards, Michael. "Collective Political Violence in the North Caucasus: Chechen Conflict and Insurgency Analysis." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20765.
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This Bachelor thesis is a study of collective political violence in the context of the Chechen conflict which continues to this present day. The information gathered and analysed as well as the frameworks used in the analysis are taken from numerous academic texts written on the subjects of Chechnya, Terrorism and theories on conflict and conflict resolution. The Chechen conflict is a decade long intra-state conflict which has its roots in a separatist movement for secession following the breakup of the Soviet Union. The dynamics of the conflict has evolved throughout the years, maintaining many of its fundamental elements whilst at the same time transforming as new actors and dimensions emerge. Following an abductive approach, the analytical frameworks of John Burton and Ted Gurr as well as a theoretical perspective derived from Bruce Hoffman’s understanding of terrorism, have been used to recontextualise to information gathered through the selected academic texts relevant to the conflict. The aim of this recontextualisation is to attempt to identify hidden mechanisms that could be responsible for the occurrence of collective political violence in the context of Chechnya. Numerous deprivations of the Chechen people’s basic human needs can potentially lead to frustration being perceived through a sense of shared group interest identity. Elites can then use this identity to mobilize the discontented masses in order to obtain political power for themselves whilst achieving the goals of the group they claim to represent. Russia’s Counterterrorism strategy does not seek to address these grievances and therefore violence is likely to continue to occur.
9
Iliyasov, Marat. "Chechen demographic growth and resistance : reactions to the existential threat from Russia." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12171.
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This thesis examines the phenomenon of Chechen population growth in the context of the protracted Russo-Chechen conflict. It argues that the conflict was the main causative reason for the growth of the Chechen population. This hypothesis was confirmed by fieldwork, which allowed for the detection of a positive correlation between the nation's demographic growth and the perception of the own physical existence as endangered. The results of fieldwork demonstrated that the majority of the informants connected high Chechen birth rates with the necessity of physical survival, restoration of losses, and strengthening the nation numerically. The threat to Chechen ethnic identity did not show as strong correlation with demographic growth as did the threat to physical existence. Nevertheless, Chechen ethnic identity, which favours resistance to a foreign rule, was confirmed to be the crucial variable in determining the demographic dynamics of the nation. This in turn suggested an additional correlation: in the context of an existential threat salient ethnic identity would prompt a population growth. The latter, in such cases, is considered as a way of continuing the resistance in a non-violent way. The restoration of the losses experienced and the survival of the nation is seen as a victory and at the same time as a preparation for the next outbreak of violence. With all of this in mind, this thesis suggests considering Chechen demographic growth as the reaction (which itself was determined by ethnic identity) to the existential threat imposed by Russia.
10
Cayias, Jennifer. "A Strategic Analysis of the Chechen Wars: The Keystone of Good Leadership." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339684125.
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11
Wagner, John Doyle. "Documentation of Morphosyntactic and Phonological Features in Himoj: A Dialect of Chechen." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/243935.
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This research examines the morphosyntactic and phonological features of Himoj, a dialect of Chechen - an indigenous language of the North Caucasus and largest member, by virtue of number of native speakers, of the Nakh-Dagestanian language family. Himoj is an undocumented dialect of Chechen despite its use amongst the people of the Himoj teip, a clan in the Highland region of the Chechen Republic. The goals of this research is to highlight specific features of the Himoj dialect and provide evidence for its placement in the Highland group of Chechen dialects by means of cross-dialectical referencing of these same features. By first describing the phonological and morphosyntactic features that distinguishes the Himoj dialect, this paper intends to place Himoj into the greater Highland dialect group, making note of sound correspondences, similar features and cognate forms in other major Highland dialects found in Chechnya; focusing on Č'aberloj, Itum-Qale, Šaroj and Kisti dialects. Data in this thesis is collected from consultation with a native speaker of Himoj as well as audio and video recordings of her relatives. Finally, many examples from other Highland dialects are taken from word lists in the current literature.
12
Sipos, Michal. "War, asylum, and everyday life : the experiences of Chechen and Ingush refugees in Poland." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2016. http://research.gold.ac.uk/16597/.
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This doctoral thesis builds upon long-term and predominantly single-sited ethnographic fieldwork conducted with Chechen and Ingush asylum seekers in one particular asylum centre in Eastern Poland between 2007 and 2009. It is concerned with some of the processes that constitute what some scholars have regarded as the unsettled and uprooted identity of refugees. Acknowledging that the thing that all immigrants from the North Caucasus had in common was the fact that their lives had been dramatically affected by the post-socialist Russo-Chechen wars, I consider war and displacement to be extreme disruptive events. Focusing on refugees’ voices, their narratives, life stories, utterances, paintings, but also silences, I examine the variety of ways in which these subjects attempted to make sense of a world, which had been radically changed by violence. Besides, the thesis does not overlook that refugee identity is also produced through the historically specific institutional practices and discourses of those who take part in political and humanitarian intervention. After delineating the way in which the notion ‘refugee’ was constructed in post-socialist Poland, I describe this political-legal construction as it existed and reproduced itself in the context of everyday life. Last, I consider the way in which these definitions became part of refugees’ lived experiences. Describing the people I encountered in the field—mostly refugees but also low-level bureaucrats, social workers, teachers, or local inhabitants of the surrounding urban and economically deprived neighbourhood—this doctoral thesis explores how violent disruption becomes integrated in the everyday life of victims of war and displacement within a specific political, socio-economic and historical setting.
13
German, Tracey C. "The Russian Federation in transition and the causes of the Chechen War (1994-1996)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602051.
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The Russian invasion of Chechnya in December 1994 represented the culmination of a crisis that was perceived to threaten the very foundations of federal security. The conflict is intrinsic to an understanding of post-communist Russia and this study identifies the issues behind the evolution of Russia's conflict with Chechnya, investigating why a political crisis was permitted to deteriorate into a full-scale war. Existing studies of the causes of the conflict contain little theoretical interpretation regarding the role of Russia's transitional status. Given that Russia has been undergoing democratisation throughout the duration of its contemporary struggle with Chechnya, it is pertinent to investigate the link between the process and the potential for internal conflict. Edward Mansfield and Jack Snyder are the most notable advocates of the proposition that the characteristic instability of a transitional period greatly increases the likelihood of both international and intrastate war. They ascribe the increased risk of conflict to domestic political competition between old and new elites, who exploit nationalistic sentiments in order to mobilise popular support for their faction, facilitated by the weak institutionalisation of the democratising state. The lack of any formal regulatory mechanisms encourages abuse of power within state structures, as officials and members of the ruling elite cannot be held fully accountable to the electorate. Thus, in order to assess the impact of the transition process upon the deterioration of Russian-Chechen relations and provide a more rigorous theoretical framework against which to examine the causes of the war, existing models of transition, particularly the democratisation and war thesis, are analysed and applied to the case-study of Russian decision-making with regards to Chechnya. The persistent crisis is investigated within the context of the Federation's transition away from communist rule, focusing on the extent of any potential correlation between the Russian democratisation project and its violent struggle with a constituent part. The study reveals that the conflict is attributable to both the democratisation project and the wider concept of systemic transformation, and conclusions are drawn on the process of post-communist democratic transition.
14
Vaughn, J. C. "Russian public opinion and the two Chechen wars, 1994-1996 and 1999-2002 : formation and evolution." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445136/.
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This thesis is to contribute to academic knowledge concerning Russian public opinion and the two wars in Chechnya, focusing on differences in perception of each war within the coinciding Russian political climate. This thesis adds on to relevant academic literature pertaining to this subject in several ways, and represents a necessary approach on a topic in which the state of Russia's democracy can be tested, particularly as to what the status is of the Russian state as a democratic state or alternatively an authoritarian state. Frequently, as will be detailed, the subject of Russian public opinion on the Chechen wars will have been mentioned, and even explored in the context of academic writings. However, the author finds it necessary to put exactly this issue on a pedestal and observe how the very nature and status of Russian public opinion concerning the Chechen war issue reflects on the Russian regime, if indeed at all. There are a great many facets to a study of this topic. Firstly (chapter one), in the context of a detailed literature review, finding and elaborating on an understanding of Russian public opinion is necessary in the earliest instance. Secondly (chapter two), a comparative examination of Russian public opinion and its contending views on each of the two wars must be scrutinized.
15
Westberg, Anja. "Media Portrayals of the Russian-Chechen Conflict. Representations of Political Violence and Identity - a Discourse Analysis." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21108.
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Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka diskurser om interna och ”etniska” konflikter som återfinns i representationer av den rysk-tjetjenska konflikten i media. Med diskursanalys som metod analyseras nyhetsrapportering av de två post-sovjetiska krigen i Tjetjenien mellan 1995 och 2009. Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkt baseras på studier av statsvetaren Michael Evangelista (2002) samt antropologerna Valery Tishkov (2004) och Jakob Rigi (2007). Det empiriska materialet består framförallt av ett urval artiklar publicerade av CNN samt två svenska dagstidningar, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet. Uppsatsen argumenterar för att detta material tenderar att presentera en förenklad bild av konfliktens parter. De väpnade motattackerna mot de ryska trupperna porträtteras som ett kollektivt motstånd från en enad etnisk grupp med gemensamma mål, en bild som ofta står i kontrast till berättelser från ”marken”. Representationer av tjetjener varierar mellan bilden av ”rebeller” och ”offer”, men gruppen beskrivs uteslutande som en etnisk grupp som historiskt har bestått som kulturellt skilda från resten av den ryska befolkningen. Dessa skildringar bidrar till att tjetjeners strävan efter självständighet tolkas som den främsta förklaringen till krigen, vilket tonar ner de tjetjenska ledarnas roll i konflikten. Uppsatsen menar att nyhetsrapporteringen ger uttryck för mer dominanta diskurser om identitetsskapande och krig vilka formar historieberättandet i media. Uppsatsen argumenterar för att diskurser som produceras under väpnade konflikter inte ska tolkas som bevis för till synes naturliga skillnader och antagonism mellan olika grupper.<br>The thesis aims to examine discourses about internal and “ethnic” violent conflicts as seen in media representations of the Russian-Chechen conflict. Employing the method of discourse analysis, the study analyses news coverage of the two post-Soviet wars in Chechnya between 1995 and 2009. The theoretical approach is supported by the work of political scientist Michael Evangelista (2002) as well as anthropologists Valery Tishkov (2004) and Jakob Rigi (2007). The empirical material consists primarily of a selection of articles published by CNN and two Swedish dailies; Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet. The thesis argues that this material tends to rely on a rather simplistic portrayal of the parties in the conflict. Violent responses to the Russian troops are frequently represented as a “collective resistance” from a unified group with shared aspirations, an image which stand in contrast to stories from the ground. Representations of Chechens varies between the image of “rebels” and “victims”, but this group is exclusively portrayed as an ethnic group which historically has persisted as culturally different from the rest of the population in Russia. Such images contribute to portray Chechens’ drive for independence as the primary cause for the wars, which in turn downplays the role of Chechen leaders throughout the conflict. The thesis suggests that the news coverage is embedded in dominant discourses about identity formation and war which shape the selective process of storytelling in the media. The thesis concludes that discourses which are produced during violent conflict should not be taken as evidence for the true nature of difference and antagonism between groups.
16
Tudorowski, Michal. "Between East and West? : the problem of 'transit' with reference to Chechen asylum-seekers in Poland." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10114/.
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This dissertation analyses the construction of transit migration as a policy issue in Poland through an exploration of dynamics within the multi-level migration governance system. This system minimises the probability of asylum-seekers treating Poland as a destination country by exerting pressure on them to move west. This study examines the legal and bureaucratic arenas that are organised through the process of the implementation of the European Union’s (EU) key asylum instruments: the qualification directive, the procedures directive, the reception directive, and the Dublin regulation at three policy-making levels: the EU, the Polish government, and the grassroots; and that enable certain types of social interaction that emphasise policy learning, and information and knowledge sharing. The evolution of this multi-level institutional and social milieu produces policy deficiencies that provide the setting for the discursive construction of ‘transitness’. The research is grounded in a meta-theoretical method that seeks to bridge rational and constructivist variants of institutional analysis. This dissertation reveals that the formation of ‘transitness’ occurs through discursive strategies enabled by an interaction of particular legal and bureaucratic venues.
17
GONCALVES, MARCELA VECCHIONE. "THE VOICE OF NATIONAL IDENTITY: RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY AS AN EXCLUSIONARY DIALOGICAL PRACTICE OF THE CHECHEN PEOPLE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8604@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Esta dissertação pretende refletir sobre o lugar da
diferença na relação
entre os Estados e a relevância dessa diferença na
construção das identidades
nacionais por meio de ações de política externa. O objeto
de estudo será a
Federação russa e sua política externa entre a segunda
metade de 1999, quando
Vladimir Putin assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro, e os
últimos meses de
2001, posteriormente aos ataques do 11 de setembro nos
EUA. Parte-se da
hipótese de que a política externa russa, nesse período,
utilizou o conceito de
terrorismo, instituído nesse momento como ameaça aos
valores do Estado
Democrático de Direito, para justificar a violência contra
a Chechênia, república
da Federação com intenções separatistas. Fazendo isso,
reproduziu-se a
identidade nacional russa, mediante reconhecimento e
legitimidade interna e
externa. Em linhas teóricas gerais e resumidas, buscar-se-
á entender a
constituição da identidade russa no período citado pelas
ações e discursos de
política externa e como por meio disso se acentua, com a
violência política, a
exclusão da diferença interior, a qual será chamada de
Outro Interno, pela
associação com os que são Outros definidos na relação
entre os próprios
Estados, o que chamaremos de Outros externos. É importante
destacar então que
a política externa será não só nosso foco de análise, mas
nosso próprio tema,
pois identidade e diferença dar-se-ão no contexto de
formulação e de ação da
mesma.<br>This dissertation intends to reflect upon the place of
difference in the
relation between states and the relevance of that same
difference in the
construction of national identities through foreign policy
actions. The object of
this study will be the Russian Federation and its foreign
policy between the
second half of 1999, when Vladimir Putin becomes the prime
minister, and the
last months of 2001, just after the September 11th in USA.
Our hypothesis is that
Russian foreign policy, in the quoted period, has come to
terms with the concept
of terrorism, instituted in this time as a threat of the
values of the Democratic
Rule of Law, in order to justify the violence against
Chechnya, republic of the
Federation with separatist intentions. Doing that, the
Russian national identity
had been reproduced, by acquiring internal and external
recognizing and
legitimization. In general and summarized theoretical
lines, the aim is to
understand the constitution of Russian identity in that
period through foreign
policy actions and discourses and how, going through it,
the exclusion of the
internal difference, which we are going to call Internal
Other, is accentuated by
political violence in front of the association with which
is considered the Others
defined by the relation between the States, which we are
going to call External
Others. For this reason, it is important to remark that
foreign policy will be our
focus of analysis, as well as our own theme of discussion,
because identity and
difference, and the appearance of the Other, will happen
in the context of its
formulations and actuation.
18
Campbell, Latisha T. "Why Female Suicide Bombers? A Closer Look at the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and Chechen Separatists." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3625.
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The central hypothesis of this study is that terrorist organizations choose to use females as suicide bombers not only as tactical innovation but also to “signal” or send a message to various audiences. In order to meet the research objectives of this study, two terrorist organizations—the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the Chechen Separatists or those individuals associated with the Chechen Resistance—are examined in detail from their inception through 2013 using a structured focused comparison methodology.
Evidence is found to support both of the studies’ main hypotheses. First, female suicide bombers are used by terrorist organizations because they are a 1) tactical advantage, and 2) to “signal” or send a message to various audiences. Their “entertainment” or shock value maximizes the psychological punch intended for delivery to a variety of audiences. These two reasons are not mutually exclusive but are colored by contextual considerations unique to each case. While deliberation was given to a variety of socio-political factors unique to each organization—such as popular support for suicide attacks perpetrated by females, indication of rival terrorist organizations, counterterrorism and political events that may have affected the terrorist organizations’ preference for females—insight into the operational characteristics surrounding individual suicide attacks was central in highlighting patterns in the organizational use of female suicide bombers. Those patterns are consistent across both cases and suggest that when females’ use is explained by the tactical innovation model, they are used overwhelmingly in suicide attacks where getting closer to intended targets—usually defined as security and political targets—matter. In contrast, suicide attacks explained by the signaling model are characterized by their novelty usually representing a deviation from terrorist organizations’ operational norms—deemed operational suicide attack anomalies in this study—characterized many times as “only” suicide attacks, “firsts [of that kind of],” or the most spectacular suicide attacks carried out by the organization.
19
Komen, Erwin R. "Branching constraints." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3227/.
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Rejecting approaches with a directionality parameter, mainstream minimalism has adopted the notion of strict (or unidirectional) branching. Within optimality theory however, constraints have recently been proposed that presuppose that the branching direction scheme is language specific. I show that a syntactic analysis of Chechen word order and relative clauses using strict branching and
movement triggered by feature checking seems very unlikely, whereas a directionality approach works well. I argue in favor of a mixed directionality approach for Chechen, where the branching direction scheme depends on the phrase type. This observation leads to the introduction of context variants of existing markedness constraints, in order to describe the branching processes in terms of optimality theory. The paper discusses how and where the optimality theory selection of the branching directions can be implemented within a
minimalist derivation.
20
Vishnevetsky, Michael. "A socio-historical study into the emergence and development of terrorist networks in the post-Soviet Chechen Republic." Thesis, Keele University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499342.
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Terrorism associated with Chechen people has become commonly known to the world after the dramatic events in the Moscow Dubrovka theatre in 2002 and the school in Beslan, Northern Osetiya in 2004. These events clearly demonstrated to the world the tensions of the long-lasting Russian-Chechen conflict. However, these events were a logical result of the ennergence and evolution or the terrorist networks in Chechnya. The questions that are addressed here are: What are terrorist networks? How they emerge and operate in the context of contemporary Russian Chechen conflict? What were the ideologies which underpinned the Chechen resistance? What concepts and approaches can best explain the emergence and development of the terrorist organisations?
21
Wilson, Ann Conner. "Putnam’s Two-Level Game: Case Studies of Serbian and Russian Reactions to the Kosovar and Chechen Independence Movements." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1274721632.
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Setnes, Roe. "SETNINGER I DAM CHECRAS OG TILKNYTTEDE ANLEGG : SAMMENLIGNING AV MODELLFORSOK OG FULLSKALA." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for vann- og miljøteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22352.
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Dam Checras er en 140 meter bred og 19 meter høy gravitasjonsdam medfritt overløp og luker. Den bygges i forbindelse med Cheves HydropowerProject i Peru. Dammen fundamenteres på store mengder løsmasser. Forstyrredejordprøver førte innledningsvis til forvirring rundt massenes beskaenhet. Dette har resultert i ulike fundamentdesign, setningsberegningerfør bygging og setningsovervåking i byggetiden.Grunnundersøkelser i 2006/2007 viser at grunnen har et visst potensialefor likvifaksjon. Tiltak som store utgravinger og utbytting av masser,samt drenering av grunnen ble foreslått som løsninger på problemet.Grunnundersøkelser i 2010 viste høyt innhold av normalkonsolidert leiremed lav permeabilitet på damstedet. Setningsberegninger utført i Plaxismed stor variasjon i ulike parametere som permeabilitet, grunnvannstandog jordstivhet viser en spredning i forventede setninger man kunne forventepå mellom 10 og 60 cm. Et program med forbelastning for å konsolideregrunnen før bygging ble foreslått. Man utformet også en løsning som tillotdammen å sette seg under byggetiden ved å bygge den i tre deler.Re-evaluering av grunnundersøkelsene fra 2010, utført av NGI i 2011, antyderen prekonsolidering på 200 kPa. Setningsberegninger utført med dettesom grunnlag viser forventede setninger mellom 6 og 12 cm. Resultaterfra tilleggsfeltundersøkelser utført sommeren 2011 indikerer at grunnen eroverkonsolidert med en belastning større enn dammens belastning. Detteantydet at man ikke ville få store setninger i byggetiden.For Dam Checras er det inntegnet 16 målepunkter på dam og lukeseksjonenog videre er det inntegnet målepunkter på inntak og sandfang samtomliggende skråninger. Kun re punkter foran overløpet er målt siden juli2012, disse måles ukentlig med nivellering. Målingene viser svært små setninger,ca. 6 mm. De samsvarer dermed ikke med beregningene i Plaxis.Setningsmålingene indikerer at resultater fra feltundersøkelsene fra 2011viser de korrekte forholdene på damstedet. Samtidig er dammen fortsattunder bygging og setningsutviklinger kan forekomme som følge av lastøkninger,fylling a magasin og langtidseekter.Det anbefales å vurdere muligheten for å installere ekstensometre og/ellersetningsceller i fundamentet for å kunne registrere setninger og bevegelserogså under dammen. Setningsmålingene viser relativt store variasjoner ogdet settes spørsmålstegn ved deres kvalitet. Målingene anses likevel i den store sammenhengen å gi et riktig bilde av setningene, men det anbefaleså sørge for mer pålitelige data ved automatisk overvåking med robotisk totalstasjonnår man går over i driftsfasen. Dette vil også tillate overvåkingav hurtige forandringer ved dammen, samt måle horisontale bevegelser.Studien av prosjektet illustrerer viktigheten av gode grunnundersøkelser ien tidlig fase. Den viser også hvor viktig sammenligning av observasjoner,feltundersøkelser og laboratorieundersøkelser er for å verisere de enkeltesdata.
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Grant, Thomas Dale. "Recognition and uncertain statehood : international title to territory in the search for settlement of the crisis of Chechen independence." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288660.
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Edwards, Kimberly G. "A Necessary Monster? Vladimir Putin's Political Decisions Regarding the "Secession" of Chechnya and the Second Chechen War (1999-2009)." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1690.
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Abstract
This thesis will examine Vladimir Putin's controversial political decisions regarding the Second Chechen War justifying the conflict both inside and outside of Russia. It opens with Putin identifying with the United States after the terrorist activities of September 11, 2001 and how he used the American War on Terror to explain his own decisions regarding the Caucasus. For further understanding the paper looks at the history of Russian-Chechen relations to show how the centuries of hostility and mistrust culminated in two Chechen Wars within a ten year time period (1994-2004). It will also study the Russian view, held by Putin, which Chechnya was not declaring independence but was attempting to secede from the Russian Federation. It concludes with a look at Putin's solution to the conflict, the Chechnization of the Second Chechen War, where the Russian military withdrew from the region to be replaced by Putin's handpicked regime, the Kadyrovs.
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Russell, John. "Terrorists, bandits, spooks and thieves: Russian demonisation of the Chechens before and since 9/11." Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2794.
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Yes<br>The Russo-Chechen conflict, arguably the bloodiest confrontation
in Europe since World War II, only attracts the attention of the Western media
when the Chechens stage terrorist `spectaculars¿ such as the `Nord-Ost¿ or
Beslan school sieges. Putin¿s uncompromisingly tough line against the Chechens
is popular among an ethnic Russian electorate traumatised since its own `Black
September¿ in 1999. Since 9/11 this conflict has been presented almost
exclusively as Russia¿s frontline in the international `war on terrorism¿. All
Chechens who oppose Putin¿s policies in Chechnya are dismissed as `terrorists¿
and `bandits¿. Yet a satisfactory political resolution of the conflict seems far off;
thousands of Chechen civilians continue to suffer and die. Russia¿s attempt at
`Chechenisation¿ of the conflict appears to have achieved its `Palestinisation¿.
How far has the policy of demonising the Chechens, which helped Yeltsin and
Putin to launch their respective wars, become a major obstacle to peace in
Chechnya?
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Ratelle, Jean-Francois. "Radical Islam and the Chechen War Spillover: A Political Ethnographic Reassessment of the Upsurge of Violence in the North Caucasus Since 2009." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23791.
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This dissertation seeks to analyse the upsurge of insurgent violence in the North Caucasus following the end of the counter-terrorist operation in Chechnya in 2009. By looking at the development of radical Islam and the impact of the Chechen spillover in the region, this research suggests that these factors should be analysed and contextualized in each republic. By comparing the cases of Kabardino-Balkaria, Ingushetia, and Dagestan, this dissertation seeks to demonstrate the importance of vendetta, criminal activity, religious repression and corruption as local factors that contribute to the increase of violence. By focusing on the case of Dagestan, the author proposes a political ethnographic approach to study the mechanisms and details of religious repression and corruption in everyday life. This analysis permits us to map out the different pathways towards the participation in insurgent groups in Dagestan. By doing so, it demonstrates that one can identify three different generations of insurgent fighters in Dagestan. This dissertation demonstrates that the role of Salafist ideology is often marginal in the early stages of the process of violent radicalisation, and slowly gains importance as the involvement in violence increases. The emphasis should be placed on vengeance and religious repression as crucial triggering factors as they provoke a cognitive opening for young people in Dagestan to engage in violence.
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Inca, Capcha Dante Froilán. "Consideraciones hidrológicas para el diseño hidráulico del puente Chilligua carretera Checca-Mazocruz, Región Puno." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/8306.
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El documento digital no refiere un asesor<br>Busca dar continuidad a la carretera que une los Distritos de Checca y Mazocruz sobre el río Queñaichi en la Región Puno. Para lo cual se pretende diseñar, del punto de vista hidráulico, una estructura tipo puente y asimismo diseñar las obras de protección para dicha estructura. De acuerdo al análisis de riesgo de falla de la estructura, se determina el periodo de retorno de 175 años para diseño hidráulico del puente y 500 años para cálculo de socavación. Para la estimación del caudal de diseño se utiliza la estación meteorológica Chilligua, él se encuentra cerca al área de influencia y cuenta con datos de precipitaciones máxima en 24 horas. Se determina alturas de precipitación de 56.71mm para Tr 175 años y 63.13mm para Tr 500 años, y un caudal de diseño de 44.2 m3/s para Tr 175 años y 54.7m3/s para Tr 500 años. De acuerdo a la modelación hidráulica realizado con software HecRas 4.0, se obtiene que el tirante es 1.45m, la velocidad de aproximación al puente es 3.36m/s. Se estima la socavación general considerando la metodología de Lischvan Levediev y diámetro medio del lecho del rio de 10mm, resultando 2m de profundidad. Finalmente de determina el diámetro medio del enrocado de protección entre 0.75m y 1.00m.<br>Trabajo de suficiencia profesional
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Marín, Lara Roberto. "Path dependency en economías socialistas : revisando la experiencia polaca, checa y Eslovaca." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146188.
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Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención Ciencias Económicas<br>El presente trabajo habla de la importancia del efecto “Path Dependency”, para explicar la
evolución de tres economías de Europa Oriental que durante adoptaron un régimen socialista;
Polonia, República Checa y Eslovaquia. Para ello se realiza una revisión de literatura referente a
la estructura productiva de cada una de estas economías, centrando el estudio en dos períodos
principales; socialismo y transición al sistema de mercado, segregando la estructura productiva
en tres sectores; agricultura, industria y servicios. Se encuentra que el efecto Path Depedency
ayuda a explicar la evolución de la estructura productiva de los tres países estudiados. Además,
el efecto se manifiesta en tramos de tiempo de diversa longitud; de tal forma que tanto
decisiones tomadas en períodos previos al socialismo, como durante el socialismo, tienen
influencia en el devenir actual de la economía. La conclusión anterior se ve reforzada al estudiar
la experiencia de dos países de América Latina
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Russell, John. "Chechnya: Russia's War on Terror." Routledge, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2999.
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No<br>The Russo-Chechen conflict has been the bloodiest war in Europe since the Second World War. It continues to drag on, despite the fact that it hits the headlines only when there is some 'terrorist spectacular'.
Providing a comprehensive overview of the war and the issues connected with it, the author examines the origins of the conflict historically and traces how both sides were dragged inexorably into war in the early 1990s. The book discusses the two wars (1994-96 and 1999 to date), the intervening truce and shows how a downward spiral of violence has led to a mutually-damaging impasse from which neither side has been able to remove itself. It applies theories of conflict, especially theories of terrorism and counter-terrorism and concludes by proposing some alternative resolutions that might lead to a just and lasting peace in the region.
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Gröön, Rickard, and Emily Eklund. "”Ska vi checka in?” Följsamhet till WHO:s checklista för säker kirurgi : En observationsstudie inom dagkirurgisk verksamhet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37466.
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Introduktion: WHO:s checklista för säker kirurgi skapades för att minska risken för komplikationer vid kirurgiska ingrepp. Den har sedan 2009 implementerats på de flesta sjukhus i Sverige, vilket gör det av intresse att undersöka följsamheten till WHO:s checklista i Sverige 2014. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka följsamheten till WHO:s checklista för säker kirurgi inom dagkirurgisk verksamhet på två sjukhus, samt undersöka om sjukhus, anestesiform eller om operationen utförs på förmiddag eller eftermiddag är associerat med följsamheten. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en icke deltagande, strukturerad observationsstudie med kvantitativ design. Det genomfördes 39 stycken observationer. Data analyserades med IBM:s SPSS och presenteras i tabeller och löpande text. Resultat: Följsamheten till checklistans kontroller varierade mellan 0 till 92 %. Fyra av kontrollerna visade statistiskt signifikanta skillnader mellan sjukhusens följsamhet. Jämförelsen mellan de olika anestesiformerna visade en statistiskt signifikant skillnad i följsamheten till en kontroll. Ingen statistiskt signifikant skillnad sågs i följsamheten till kontrollerna mellan för- och eftermiddag. Konklusion: Resultatet visar varierande följsamhet till WHO:s checklistas faser och kontroller. Vissa av kontrollerna genomförs inte överhuvudtaget. För att förbättra följsamheten och därmed även patientsäkerheten kunde det ligga i organisationernas intresse att ta upp för diskussion hur följsamheten kan förbättras.
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Mailloux, Louise Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. ""Cheche la vi" an exploration into the survival strategies of Haitian women in the Dominican Republic." Ottawa, 1997.
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Zur, Nieden Anna-Nora [Verfasser], Jessica [Akademischer Betreuer] Freiherr, and Natalya [Akademischer Betreuer] Chechko. "Aufmerksamkeit statt Integration : die Warnfunktion unangenehmer Gerüche untersucht auf neuronaler Ebene / Anna-Nora Zur Nieden ; Jessica Freiherr, Natalya Chechko." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1215865627/34.
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Zur, Nieden Anna-Nora Verfasser], Jessica [Akademischer Betreuer] [Freiherr, and Natalya [Akademischer Betreuer] Chechko. "Aufmerksamkeit statt Integration : die Warnfunktion unangenehmer Gerüche untersucht auf neuronaler Ebene / Anna-Nora Zur Nieden ; Jessica Freiherr, Natalya Chechko." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1215865627/34.
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Pirela, Maríacristina Cáceres. "Comparación del uso de los nuevos medios entre la República Checa y Espaňa." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19213.
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The purpose of this study was to determinate the differences and similarities in the use of Internet and New Media between Czech Republic and Spain. This thesis defined the Internet user's profile and the usage of the Internet in both nations. It was also analyzed the social software Facebook, Tuenti (Spain) and Lidé (Czech Republic); the online encyclopedia Wikipedia and the server YouTube (and its closest competitor in each country). The information was mainly gathered from Internet. Then it was analyzed and compared. The author used her personal experience and knowledge of both cultures for the interpretation of the results. This work showed that there is not a big difference in the usage of Internet and New Media between these countries. For example, the difference in the Internet usage is not bigger than 5%. It also showed that Czech Republic has experienced the biggest growth in the area, even though Spain has more users. Both countries showed similar interest in web pages such as Facebook, Google and YouTube. Additionally, it demonstrated that the Spanish market is reacting better to the new opportunities offered by the social software. For this reason, they had created their own -- called Tuenti -- which is the main competition of Facebook in this country. On the other hand, Czech Republic does not have a website that counts with all the services offered by Facebook, which can explain the growth on the numbers of Czech users the last year. Wikipedia has versions available on the native languages of both countries. It is widely used, not only by the students who use it as a source for their paper work, but also in areas like marketing and journalism. YouTube is one of the most popular servers in these nations. They have their local video servers, but none of them have the same importance as YouTube. The author hopes this work will be a base for future investigators who will be interested on the comparison of these countries on the new technologies.
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Vanderkar, Caroline I. "Restitution and family farming : the centrality of land to postsocialist Chech village relations /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3061970.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 281-298). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Löschcke, Friederike [Verfasser], Kerstin [Akademischer Betreuer] Konrad, and Natalya [Akademischer Betreuer] Chechko. "Adrenokortikale Synchronizität zwischen Mutter und Säugling im Zusammenhang mit der mütterlichen Belastung und Bindung / Friederike Löschcke ; Kerstin Konrad, Natalya Chechko." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1193181496/34.
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Helander, Viktor. "Att ”checka av” undervisningsinnehåll : Lärare i idrott och hälsas prioritering av innehållet i idrott och hälsa 1 på gymnasiet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för didaktik och lärares praktik (DLP), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80312.
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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur lärare inom kursen idrott och hälsa 1 på gymnasiet ser på de olika områdena i det centrala innehållet i kursplanen och varför vissa områden får mer eller mindre undervisningstid. I denna studie har fem stycken semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med lärare som undervisar i kursen idrott och hälsa 1. Resultatet av dessa intervjuer har analyserats med hjälp av Engströms (2010) och Londos (2010) syn på Pierre Bourdieus begrepp habitus. Det som kom fram i dessa intervjuer var att lärarna ansåg att den viktigaste delen i det centrala innehållet främst är ”träningsmetoder och deras effekter” (Skolverket, 2011, s.84). Det som prioriteras ner av lärarna i undervisningen är framförallt friluftslivet, men också de teoretiska delarna i ämnet. Lärares tillvägagångssätt för att undvika att undervisa i och betygsätta dessa områden är antingen att lägga ihop området med något annat, alltså ”checka av” det genom att hela området läggs samman med friluftsdagen, eller att helt enkelt bortse från hela området. Lärarnas habitus kan påverka vilka områden de tycker är mer relevanta att undervisa om och detta kan leda till att vissa områden får mindre undervisningstid.
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Skrzypek, Janina Karolina. "Is terrorism theatre? : dramaturgical metaphor in the cases of Budyonnovsk, Dubrovka and Beslan." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3815.
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This thesis is about terrorism metaphorically conceptualised as drama, theatre, spectacle and performance. It focuses on terrorism as a process of communication aimed at manipulating political attitude and behaviour. Even though it is terrorist actors who usually initiate that communication, various audiences play an important part in it, too. Not only do they receive and interpret the terrorist message, but they also have an impact on the content of that message and how it is transmitted. What attests to an important role of audience in terrorism is that in order for terrorism to work, those watching – the audience – need to change their behaviour to suit the political goals of terrorists. Arguably, if it were not for the people who alter their political behaviour as a result of having been terrorized, terrorism would not work, not to mention succeed. Another reason why there can be no terrorism without an audience is because the necessary presence of an audience is exactly what differentiates terrorism from other forms of political violence, such as war, secret killings or torture. While, at least for the time being, terrorism research remains “actor-focused” (Hülsse and Spencer, 2008), there is clearly a need to make it more “audience-focused”, to reflect the importance of the audience in terrorism, as highlighted above. This thesis examines the extent to which this can be achieved using the metaphors of drama, theatre, spectacle and performance. By applying the four dramaturgical metaphors to the terrorist attacks in Budyonnovsk, Dubrovka and Beslan, it investigates the potential of the metaphors to enhance the understanding of the dynamics between terrorism and counter-terrorism as well as the interplay between their respective actors and audiences.
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Pereira, Dino de Sousa. "Análise do desempenho macroeconómico da República Checa no contexto de uma possível adesão à Zona Euro." Master's thesis, FEUC, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/26608.
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Trabalho de projeto do mestrado em Economia (Economia Industrial), apresentado à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de António Manuel Portugal Duarte.<br>No dia 1 de maio de 2004, a República Checa entrou para a União Europeia,
tendo em vista a possível adesão à Zona Euro e a adoção da moeda única. No entanto,
permanecendo num regime de taxa de câmbio flexível até hoje, a República Checa não
definiu ainda se pretende em breve aderir à Zona Euro. Será devido à crise económica
global? Ou por perder autonomia na condução das políticas? Esta adesão à moeda única
europeia implicará, não só uma passagem pelo MTC II, mas também a garantia de um
quadro de estabilidade para um conjunto de variáveis. Procurando analisar em que
medida esse quadro de estabilidade macroeconómica já foi alcançado, foram realizados
testes de raiz unitária e de estacionaridade, por forma a verificar em que medida a
República Checa já está preparada para uma futura adesão à Zona Euro.
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Espinoza, Pajuelo Pedro David. "La reinstauración de la huanca: formas de la continuidad y el cambio religioso en Maray (valle de Checras, Lima) entre los siglos XV y XXI." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/8446.
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Identifica y explica continuidades y cambios religiosos en la actual comunidad campesina Santiago de Maray durante más de 600 años, desde el periodo Inca (con retrospectivas a siglos anteriores) hasta nuestros días. Para este fin, recurre a información arqueológica, histórica documental y etnográfica para analizar objetos, divinidades y ritos locales a lo largo del mencionado lapso. La colocación moderna de una huanca (monolito sagrado) en la plaza del pueblo de Maray Viejo, refleja un proceso religioso que tiene una dinámica altamente compleja detrás de su apariencia de “persistencia religiosa prehispánica”.<br>Tesis
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Silva, Júnior João Quintino de Almeida e. "Uma experiência de implantação da metodologia de qualidade P.D.C.A. (Planejar, Desenvolver, Checar e Agir) numa unidade tecnológica elementar da FIAT Automóveis S. A." Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79849.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T08:05:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T20:27:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
185149.pdf: 4480560 bytes, checksum: 1df61f91dfdf668291d3c9db64b155fd (MD5)<br>Esta dissertação aborda uma avaliação das alterações não previstas na linha de produção, dando enfoque logístico às atividades de gestão do processo produtivo. Relata no âmbito logístico, as operações da cadeia produtiva, percorrendo as atividades de programação e controle da produção até o impacto de suas consequências na U.T.E ( Unidade Tecnológica Elementar ), gerando anomalias no produto final. Descreve principalmente, a experiência de implantação da Metodologia P.D.C.A ( Planejar, Desenvolver, Checar e Agir ) numa Unidade Tecnológica Elementar ( Célula de Produção ), e os resultados obtidos após a aplicação.
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Borgiani, Edoardo [Verfasser], Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Zehn, Manfred [Gutachter] Zehn, and Esteban Sara [Gutachter] Checa. "Multiscale in silico model to investigate compromised bone healing conditions / Edoardo Borgiani ; Gutachter: Manfred Zehn, Sara Checa Esteban ; Betreuer: Manfred Zehn." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219573981/34.
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Santos, Kleber Tarcísio Oliveira. "Uma abordagem unificada para especificar e checar restrições em múltiplas linguagens de programação por meio de um analisador estático no contexto de um juiz on-line." Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, 2018. http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/10639.
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The teaching and learning process of computer programming is a complex task which requires
a lot of practice and creativity. Usually, there are numerous solutions to the same problem.
Therefore, the student needs that his solutions are evaluated quickly for a faster and effective
learning. To face these challenges, teachers and students can rely on resources from the evolution
of Information and Communication Technology. Virtual learning environments and online judge
systems are attractive alternatives used in this context. This work presents a unified approach
to specify and check source code restrictions supported by a static analyzer. Although current
tools are able to indicate if the program produced the expected output from a given input, not
all are able to determine if the student used (or not) a given programming language construct,
such as creating a function and using it in the program. Among those that are capable, there are
problems that were solved in the approach proposed in this work, such as: ease of use, unified
approach and degree of flexibility. In addition, this work presents an analysis of the database of
The Huxley with the purpose of discovering the main restrictions of source code used by the
teachers and attended by the students. This analysis was done based on data obtained from the
use of the developed static analyzer and in conjunction with a survey applied to the teachers of
introduction to programming with the purpose of knowing the main restrictions that would be
used by them if they had a tool to specify and check restrictions.<br>O processo de ensino e aprendizagem da programação de computadores é uma tarefa complexa
que requer bastante prática e criatividade. Geralmente há inúmeras soluções para um mesmo
problema. Por isso, o aluno precisa que suas soluções sejam avaliadas rapidamente visando um
aprendizado mais ágil e eficaz. Para enfrentar esses desafios, os professores e alunos podem
contar com recursos provenientes da evolução da Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação.
Os ambientes de aprendizagem virtual e os sistemas de juiz on-line são alternativas atrativas
utilizadas nesse contexto. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem unificada de especificação
e checagem de restrições de código-fonte apoiada por um analisador estático. Apesar das
ferramentas atuais serem capazes de indicar se o programa produziu a saída esperada a partir
de uma entrada fornecida, nem todas são capazes de determinar se o aluno utilizou (ou não)
determinada construção de linguagem de programação, como por exemplo criar uma função
e utilizá-la no programa. Entre as que são capazes, existem problemas que foram sanados na
abordagem proposta neste trabalho, como: facilidade de uso, abordagem unificada e grau de
flexibilidade. Além disto, este trabalho conta com uma análise da base de dados do The Huxley
com o objetivo de descobrir quais são as principais restrições de código-fonte utilizadas pelos
professores e atendidas pelos alunos. Esta análise foi feita com os dados obtidos da aplicação do
analisador estático de código-fonte desenvolvido e em conjunto com um survey aplicado aos
professores de introdução à programação com o propósito de conhecer as principais restrições
que seriam utilizadas por eles se possuíssem uma ferramenta de especificação e checagem de
restrições.<br>São Cristóvão, SE
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Pyanzina, Elizaveta Anatolyevna 1981. "Representation of the Peoples of the Caucasus in 20th Century Russian Literature and Cinematography." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11489.
Full textAbstract:
ix, 67 p.<br>For centuries, Russian writers have stressed the important role the Caucasus played in the Russian Empire. In the last few decades, much attention has been directed at the Caucasians in literary works and movies as a result of the two Chechen wars. This thesis addresses the evolution of the Caucasian theme in Russian literature beginning from the 18th century with a focus on the contemporary representation of the peoples of Caucasus, mainly Chechens, in three works: a Soviet-era movie by Leonid Gaidai, <italic>Kidnapping, Caucasian Style</italic> (1966); Vladimir Makanin's story, <italic>Captive of the Caucasus</italic> (1994) and Viktor Pelevin's story, <italic>Papakhi na bashniakh</italic> (1995). The central research question is to what degree contemporary authors have transformed the image of the Caucasians compared to the Romantic period. Of particular interest is the issue of Russia's self-representation in these works.<br>Committee in charge: Dr. Susanna Soojung Lim, Chairperson;
Dr. Katya Hokanson, Member
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Pereira, Sofia Pedroso. "O alargamento da União Europeia: principais implicações na indústria portuguesa de moldes face à adesão da polónia, da Hungria e da República Checa." Master's thesis, ISEG, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22154.
Full textAbstract:
MESTRADO EM GESTÃO E ESTRATÉGIA INDUSTRIAL.<br>A União Europeia está prestes a efectuar um novo alargamento. Um longo percurso, iniciado há muito pelos dez países que em 2004 irão fazer parte da União Europeia. E um desafio para fazermos melhor, para melhorarmos a nossa eficiência, com objectivos que englobam o crescimento sustentado, a capacidade competitiva e a produtividade.
O alargamento afectara Portugal seguramente um vasto conjunto de actividades económicas, pelo que o sector dos moldes não será excepção, embora marcado por uma forte componente de exportação e um assinalável carácter inovador. Com efeito, ao longodas diversas décadas, a
indústria dos moldes tem procurado encontrar novas formas de
competitividade, novas estratégias, que lhe permitam fazer face a um ambiente concorrencial crescentemente competitivo.
Pautando-se a UE como local privilegiado de destino das exportações do sector de actividade cm estudo, o alargamento comporta por si um conjunto de ameaças de relevo, as quais tem origem, principalmente, nos países que entre os candidatos se apresentam com maior potencial por disputar os mercados que no seio da união se revelam como de maior
potencial para a expansão da indústria nacional.
Então, neste caso, três dos países que irão entrar em 2004, a Polónia, a Hungria c a República Checa, os quais por esta razão serão objecto de análise neste trabalho.
O presente estudo visa caracterizar a indústria dos moldes nestes países, de forma a perspectivar um novo posicionamento da indústria dos moldes portuguesa, num conjunto de mercados específicos, propondo estratégias que conduzam não só à manutenção nos mercados da União, como também à sua expansão sem descurar opções alternativas de
atenção.<br>The European Union Is about to accomplish a new enlargcment. A long way whish began with the ten countries that will take part of the European Union in 2004. Ifs a challenge
for us to do better, to improve our efficiency, with objectives that include sustained economic growth, a competition capability and the productivity.
The enlargement will affect Portugal surely with extensive conjoined economic activities,
for what the mould sector will not bc an expectation, through marked by a strong component of export and a remarkable innovating character. With effect, during several decades, the mould industry has searched for new ways of competing, new strategics, which will permit facing an increasing compctitive environmcnt.
Being the EU a privileged destiny for the exports from Portuguese mold industry, the enlargement expansion brings about some significant threat, having their source, mainly within those countries candidate which present larger potential to dispute markets which in the bosom of the union reveal themselves as having greater potential for the expansion of the national industry.
Therefore, in this case, three of the countries which will enter in 2004, Poland, Hungry and Check Republic, will be for this reason object of analysis in this piece ok work.
The present study aims to characterize the mould industry in these countries, so that anew posture in the Portuguese mould industry could be viewed, in a conjoined specific market, proposing strategies which will conduct not only to the maintenance in the Union markets, but also to its expansion without neglecting alternative options of attention.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Novotná, Lenka. "Migrant crisis in the Portuguese and Czech periodical press: language and business." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17056.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Línguas e Relações Empresariais<br>Nos últimos meses, a Europa tem assistido apreensivamente ao fenómeno da
chegada de centenas de milhares de refugiados e migrantes pelo sul do
continente, originários maioritariamente do Médio Oriente e de outros locais
devastados pela guerra. A pressão causada por estes refugiados e migrantes
levou a um rol de análises sobre as tensões que estes representam nos
sistemas sociais e no bem-estar cultural. Esta tese pretende investigar a
atenção prestada em alguns dos jornais mais representativos de Portugal e da
República Checa em relação ao tema da linguagem e às consequências para
a área económica, do país e do continente, de tamanho influxo de refugiados e
migrantes de uma só vez. Como deveremos lidar com o grande número de
pessoas que falam uma língua diferente? São os migrantes apenas uma
ameaça para o sistema económico ou, podem representar uma oportunidade e
um recurso, mesmo que a longo prazo? Esta tese tentará explorar esses e
outros tópicos relacionados com estes assuntos.<br>In recent months Europe has witnessed intense scrutiny of the phenomenon of
the hundreds of thousands of refugees and migrants who have arrived in
southern Europe largely from the Middle East and other war-torn areas. The
pressure of these refugees and migrants has given rise to all sorts of analysis
of the strains they represent for social systems and cultural well-being. This
thesis aims to investigate the attention paid in representative newspapers from
Portugal and the Czech Republic to the issue of language, and to the
consequences for the business life of the country or the continent, of such a
large influx of refugees and migrants all at once. What are the attitudes towards
dealing with large numbers of people speaking different languages? Do the
incomers represent only a threat to the business environment, or do they
represent an opportunity and a resource, even if in the long term? The thesis
will attempt to explore these and other related issues.
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Carvalho, Alexandre Miguel de Oliveira. "Determinantes do investimento directo estrangeiro em economias em processo de transição para um sistema de mercado : uma avaliação econométrica aplicada à Hungria e à República Checa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3631.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Economia Internacional<br>Este trabalho recorre à estimação econométrica no quadro dos modelos gravitacionais para averiguar as determinantes dos fluxos de investimento directo estrangeiro dirigidos a dois países da Europa Central e Oriental: a Hungria e a República Checa. São aqui testadas em simultâneo diversas hipóteses levantadas pela teoria da produção internacional relativas, quer à localização dos investimentos quer aos factores de indução da saída de capitais. Depois de descrito o padrão geral dos fluxos de IDE para a Europa Central e Oriental e de caracterizadas as condições económicas e políticas para os dois países em estudo, são retiradas conclusões relativas aos fluxos internacionais de capitais que podem ser interpretadas num âmbito geográfico mais alargado. Conclui-se que as causas económicas apenas explicam uma parcela do IDE e que a abordagem deste fenómeno esta deve ser complementada com factores de natureza cultural, social e do comportamento e estratégia empresarial quando se pretende conceber um quadro genérico das determinantes do IDE.<br>This works uses an econometric analysis in the framework of the gravitational models in order to investigate the determining factors of foreign direct investment directed towards two Central and Eastern Europe countries: Hungary and the Czech Republic. Several hypothesis issued by the theory of international production are here tested concerning, simultaneously the location of the investments and the factors which lead to the outflow of capitals. After a general description of the pattern of FDI flows into Central and Eastern Europe economies and the characterisation of the political and economic conditions of the countries in appraisal, conclusions are withdrawn about international flows of capital, that can be interpreted in a wider geographical perspective. We come to the conclusion that economical causes are only able to explain a small share of FDI and that those must be approached together with cultural, social and firm's behavioural and strategic factors when we aim attaining an overall picture of the determinants of the FDI.
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Temoche, Ortega Yolanda. "Optimizar el nivel de aprendizaje en el área de matemática de los estudiantes del VI ciclo de la IE Lizardo Otero Alcas-Sojo-Miguel Checa: plan de acción." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/10465.
Full textAbstract:
El bajo nivel de logro de aprendizaje en el área de matemática de los estudiantes del VI ciclo de la IE Lizardo Otero Alcas de Sojo-Miguel Checa, se evidencia en los documentos oficiales de resultados de aprendizaje y en la dificultad que presentan en el proceso de desarrollo de competencias y capacidades matemáticas de acuerdo al ciclo en el que se encuentran. Por esta razón, la presente investigación plantea: Implementar un plan de mejora para fortalecer en los docentes el conocimiento y el uso adecuado del enfoque de resolución de problemas y las estrategias de enseñanza aprendizaje activas en el área de matemática. Como objetivos específicos tenemos: Fortalecer capacidades docentes en el uso y manejo adecuado del enfoque de resolución de problemas para el desarrollo de competencias y capacidades matemáticas, promover en los docentes una práctica pedagógica centrada en el aprendizaje para que los estudiantes aprendan activamente, potenciar las capacidades de liderazgo pedagógico en el equipo directivo para un eficiente acompañamiento y monitoreo de la práctica pedagógica docente. De acuerdo al planteamiento se consideró como referentes conceptuales: Plan de mejora, enfoque de resolución de problemas. Minedu (2015) rutas de aprendizaje y estrategias de enseñanza aprendizaje activas. Parra, Doris (2003). Asimismo; se tomó los aportes de experiencias exitosas como: Estrategias de enseñanza de la resolución de problemas matemáticos. Fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos. Pérez, Yenny y Ramírez, Raquel (2011) y Método pólya en la resolución de problemas matemáticos. Escalante, Silvia (2015). Elaborar el presente plan de acción ha significado un reto para mí y me ha ayudado a fortalecer mis conocimientos y liderazgo pedagógico para motivar, involucrar a mi comunidad educativa a asumir el compromiso para elaborar y ejecutar el plan que va a beneficiar a todos, implementado una cultura del aprendizaje en nuestra IE donde todos aprenden y logran mejores aprendizajes.<br>Trabajo académico
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Mendoza, Racacha Delcy Elizabeth. "Articulación y efectividad de los Centros de Promoción y Vigilancia en la reducción de la desnutrición crónica y anemia” en el Centro Poblado de Puñun del distrito de Checras, Provincia de Huaura, Departamento de Lima. Periodo 2014-2016." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/18810.
Full textAbstract:
El Gobierno ha desarrollado intervenciones con la finalidad de promover el cuidado
de niñas, niños y madres gestantes. Desde un enfoque de derechos y sistemático,
en los gobiernos locales se ha implementado una estrategia comunitaria en
atención de la salud y desarrollo de la primera infancia; llamada Centro de
promoción y Vigilancia Comunal (CPVC), su funcionamiento requiere de acciones
donde participan diversos actores, por ello este estudio busca conocer ¿Cuáles
son los factores o condiciones que afectan la articulación del gobierno local y el
sector salud, para lograr efectividad de los CPVC en la reducción de la desnutrición
crónica y anemia?; su objetivo es identificar las condiciones que están afectando
la articulación y limita la efectividad de los CPVC en la reducción de la desnutrición
crónica infantil y anemia; se analiza el proceso de implementación, logros de
desnutrición infantil y anemia, las percepciones y expectativas de los actores, y
formula una propuesta de mejora. Mediante un Estudio de Caso, se analiza
manera detallada el CPVC. La metodológica es mixta y de orden cualitativo. La
muestra fue significativa, por juicio y conveniencia. Los acuerdos y actividades
descritos en la investigación fueron encontrados en actas, cuadernos, informes y
reportes que muestran el grado de articulación entre los actores involucrados,
durante la implementación y su funcionamiento. En líneas generales desde la
implementación hasta principios del año 2016, se logró disminuir la desnutrición
crónica y anemia en gestantes y niños. Se percibe en los usuarios una satisfacción
baja, debido al desempeño del gobierno municipal y su principal expectativa es
ampliar la cobertura de beneficiarios. Finalmente, a través de la propuesta de Plan
de mejora, se fortalece los mecanismos de articulación y promueve espacios de
concertación multisectorial a través de cursos, sesiones de sensibilización a los
diferentes actores; asimismo, difundir y promover el plan concertado.
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Salas, Müller Reyme Gonzalo. "Revisión y análisis crítico del diseño estructural del puente peatonal "Solidaridad" ubicado en el Malecón Checa, límite entre los distritos de San Juan de Lurigancho y El Agustino (Lima)." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/11733.
Full textAbstract:
El presente tema de tesis desea realizar el análisis y la revisión del diseño estructural del puente
peatonal “Solidaridad” ubicado en el malecón Checa, límite entre los distritos de San Juan de
Lurigancho y El Agustino. Este puente tiene un diseño especial con estructuras de acero, un
gran pedestal y tirantes de acero hacia ese pedestal. Tiene una longitud de 55 metros de luz
con un apéndice de 10 m. El puente colapsó en marzo del 2017 a raíz de la crecida del río
Rímac producto del fenómeno del niño costero.
El objetivo principal de esta tesis es recabar información técnica del diseño del puente y
contrastarlo con los requerimientos establecidos para obras especiales de este tipo en la
legislación local respectiva. Es importante que se puedan estudiar las especificaciones de este
proyecto y verificar que se han realizado en la obra actualmente construida.
Entre los objetivos secundarios estará hacer un levantamiento presencial del puente en su
estado actual con material fotográfico. También se realizará el análisis estructural de la torre
o pedestal del puente, el tablero (vigas y losas de concreto armado), los sistemas de soporte
por cables, los estribos y cimentación del puente.
Dado que ante la presencia de las lluvias del mes de marzo del 2017 el puente mencionado
colapsó, será también una oportunidad para hacer un nuevo levantamiento del estado actual
del puente y definir las razones por las que este puente colapsó, razón por la que este trabajo
adquiere una mayor importancia.<br>Tesis