Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Checklist'

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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Esta dissertação apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma lista de verificação (checklist) de usabilidade de interfaces com o usuário de sistemas de informação, baseada no modelo de objetos de interação abstratos e ergonômicos proposto por Cybis (1997) e na base de recomendações ergonômicas montada pela equipe do LabIUtil. Tal desenvolvimento se faz necessário pois uma avaliação da usabilidade de interfaces com o usuário deve se dar de forma rápida e trazer os melhores resultados, tanto em termos de validade como de sistematização. De fato, a concorrência entre empresas instala uma corrida pela inovação em software e a necessidade de disponibilizá-lo o mais rápido possível no mercado. As listas de verificação orientadas a objetos de interação podem garantir inspeções com mais abrangência e sistematização ao mesmo tempo em que não impõem a necessidade de conhecimento aprofundado em usabilidade ou em ergonomia de Interface Humano-Computador (IHC). A adoção do modelo de objetos de interação ergonômicos fornece um detalhamento eficiente na identificação de problemas ergonômicos nas interfaces e com isto apoia as rápidas decisões dos desenvolvedores dos sistemas avaliados. Considerações sobre a informatização das listas de verificação orientadas a objetos de interação completa esta dissertação.

This study investigates the use of the Developmental Checklist (DC) of the Developmental Observation Checklist System (DOCS; Hresko, Miguel, Sherbenou, & Burton, 1994) as a screening measure for children birth to three years of age. Kentucky regulations require the use of the DC for screening in the KEIS-First Steps program, yet there is little information regarding the effectiveness of the measure as a screening tool. Evaluation data are presented for 51 children between the ages of 2 and 35 months on the DC and the Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2nd Edition (BDI-2; Newborg, 2005). The DC and BDI-2 domains evidence no significant correlations for this sample. However, significant moderate to strong intracorrelations were evidenced within each measure. Analysis of contingency table components using the BDI-2 as the criterion measure yield specificity (percentage of true negatives) and sensitivity (percentage of true positives) for cutoff standard scores of 94, 85, and 77 on the DC. The number of accurate referrals and accurate nonreferrals comprise the classification consistency between the two measures. Adequate sensitivity (above 80%) is evidenced at the most liberal cutoff for the DC (standard score < 94) at both BDI-2 placement criterions (I'A and 2 SD below the mean) for all domain comparisons. However, there is a cost of less than adequate specificity at this level (94 or below). Good sensitivity was also evidenced for one additional comparison, the Adaptive/Social comparison at the 2 SD BDI-2 criterion with the 85 cutoff on the DC. Classification consistency was not evident at 1 Yi SD on the two domains criterion on the BDI-2 for even the most liberal DC cutoff score (standard score <94). However, sensitivity levels are adequate for all domain comparisons at the liberal cutoff standard score of < 94. The results indicate concern for the use for the DC with the BDI-2 using anything but the most liberal cutoff on the DC. A discussion of practical implication for use of the DC questions the use of the DC with the BDI-2 and provides suggestions for further research with the DC.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the world has seen a changing trend in computing power thanks to advancements in technology. One peculiar platform in the field of usability is the tablet. Due to its recent introduction, it has had a relatively short life span with few established methodologies. The tablet is gaining market share at a tremendous speed and thus there has been a big demand of the appropriate evaluation methods. This comprehensive study intention is to; through a literature survey and transformation of collected material identify what usability requisites there are when developing a user interface for a tablet application. Existing user interface guidelines from various companies involving the development of tablet software are examined and paired up with usability principles in the creation of the usability checklist. The usability checklist practical effectiveness is tested on various tablet applications and the results are compared to the results of a usability user test  valuation. The majority of the usability problems found by the user test evaluation are codiscovered, in addition, there were a greater number of undiscovered usability problems that was identified with the checklist evaluation.

During the aircraft certification process, it is necessary to guarantee the design, integration and installation for safety by showing compliance with the certification and safety requirements. In order to be granted with the Type Certification for that specific aircraft in development, the applicant must go through the certification regulations, and demonstrate compliance for every requirement stated in the RBHA/FAR/JAR 25 regulation. The means of compliance for every single requirement shall be defined in the early stage of the aircraft designing process and structured in a format of a "compliance check list". The primary intent of this process is to follow the aircraft design and development phases and check that all safety and certification requirements are met. Also the methods of compliance (design review / drawing, analysis, flight tests, ground tests, lab tests, qualification tests, simulations, inspections, similarities) are assigned, as part of this means of compliance process and these are to get early commitment of acceptability of the way that the aircraft is designed and developed from the certification authorities. The intent of this report is to describe a certification tool that supports the aircraft propulsion system design and development by defining an acceptable means of compliance to the RBHA/FAR/JAR 25 regulation - Subpart E, based on a generic aircraft with high-bypass turbofan installed engines (twin). Some historical service accidents summaries caused by propulsion system malfunctions and failures are reported within this document in order to highlight the importance of the accomplishment of this certification process. Many of these accidents records were used to improve the inadequate and past old requirements and replacing/revising to the new ones to minimize the hazard level of the airplane. During the aircraft certification process, it is necessary to guarantee the safety through accomplishing the requirements. Therefore, the regulations authorities and the applicant do the technical work of demonstrating compliance to the requirements in the certification basis for the project, which project is managed in accordance with the Project Specific Certification Plan.

Conceptualisation of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are moving away from a categorical to a dimensional and quantitative approach. This thesis reports on preliminary validation data of a quantitative screening measure, the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT). Chapter 1 reviews issues surrounding diagnosis and screening for ASC. Chapter 2 reports a systematic review of currently available screening instruments for ASC in children less than four years of age. No single screening instrument was found to have acceptable levels of sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value in either a population or a clinic screening context. Chapter 3 reviews the first attempt in the UK at population screening for ASC (using the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT)), and retrospectively applies an alternative scoring algorithm. Sensitivity improved at a small cost to specificity. Chapter 4 describes the development of the Q-CHAT and reports on a pilot study. Children with ASC scored higher on the Q-CHAT than unselected 18-24 month old toddlers. Chapter 5 describe the methods for the main validation data collection phase using the Q-CHAT. Chapter 6 reports the results from the screening and diagnostic phases of the study. Q-CHAT score approximated a normal distribution. Boys scored higher than girls. Six out of eight children who showed impairments consistent with ASC scored above the preliminary cut-point. Concurrent validity of the Q-CHAT was acceptable. Chapter 7 revealed adequate test retest reliability of the Q-CHAT. Chapter 8 investigated the dimensionality of the Q-CHAT using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques. There was no evidence that autistic traits in toddlers lie on a single dimension. Overall, results demonstrate that autistic traits in toddlers can be measured quantitatively. The Q-CHAT should be further investigated and refined as a screening instrument for ASC.

Crashworthiness can be defined as the ability of the airplane in protecting its occupants in crash situations. This concept is only applicable in accidents that are survivable, that is, accidents for which the decelerations peaks are into human tolerance limits. There is na international concern about flight safety, because statistics show that the number of accidents per flight departures hás been Constant since 1975 despite the associated efforts in technology and crew training. Then, assuming this scenario of constant accident rate, the form found by researchers, manufacturers and authorities to protect the passengers in the accidents hás been to invest in the aircraft protection capability. A crashworthiness accident investigation can recover information about the aircraft behavior submitted by impact, and can supply the design team with the necessary information in case of a redesign that seeks safety improvement. This work proposes a crashworthiness investigation checklist that is structured according to the methodology presented by National Transportation Safety Board, and the goal is to establish investigative techniques that can facilitate the collection and analysis of crashworthiness data for accidents occurring in commercial aviation.

Scania is among the leading companies in the heavy vehicle industry. Scania also assemble engines for their trucks and buses, as well as to external marine and industrial applications. Wrongly assembled parts leads to quality problems, which makes it important to secure that the assembly is correct. To do this Design For Assembly (DFA) is used to describe how parts should become easier to assemble. Scania’s production unit for engine assembly has had a working method for DFA in the shape of a checklist, which is not used. The goal in this project was to investigate why the method is not used and to give suggestions for improvements.The problem with the existing DFA-method and the reasons it was not used was investigated through interviews and observations. A literature review was done to study other, established DFA-methods. Other production units at Scania were looked into as well, to compare their working approach towards DFA.Many rounds of tests were conducted to improve the DFA-method. The tests were applications to real cases. One problem was that the checklist was too complicated. The result was a modified checklist in which the number of questions went from 45 in the original to 24 in the final version. New response levels were introduced containing decision-making responses in a combination with points for the ability to measure and compare different DFA-analyses. The questions were organised into three main areas: product questions, assembly questions and remaining questions.In accordance to how other production units at Scania works with DFA, a new method, parallel to the checklist, was created to visualise easy assembled engine parts through the revision of an old. The old method contained articles with descriptions of good solutions regarding assembly. Using an internal Wikipedia system links were created between these articles to be able to reach all of them through three main categories: the DFA-technique is known, the product category is known or going through the subsystems in the engine’s design structure.A simple implementation plan was developed to recommend an implementation of the working method. Suggestions for further improvements when working using the method were given as well. An important improvement area was to find out where in the development process the DFA-method should be used.
Scania är ett av de ledande företagen inom den tunga fordonsindustrin. Scania tillverkar även motorer till sina lastbilar och bussar, samt till externa industri- och marinapplikationer. Då felmonterade motordelar leder till kvalitetsproblem är det viktigt att säkerställa att monteringen blir rätt. Dessutom ska den göras på en så kort tid som möjligt. För att göra detta används Design For Assembly (DFA) för att beskriva hur delar ska bli mer monteringsvänliga. Scanias produktionsenhet för motormontering har haft en arbetsmetod för DFA i form av en checklista som inte använts. Målet med detta projekt blev att ta reda på varför metoden inte används och ge förslag på förbättringar.Genom intervjuer och observationer undersöktes var problemen fanns med den existerande DFA-metoden och anledningar till att den inte använts. En litteraturstudie gjordes för att undersöka andra, etablerade, DFA-metoder. Dessutom undersöktes andra produktionsenheter på Scania för att jämföra deras arbetssätt med DFA.Tester gjordes för att förbättra DFA-metoden. Dessa tester tillämpades på verkliga typfall. Ett av problemen var att checklistan uppfattades som för komplex. Resultatet blev en reviderad checklista där antalet frågor gick från 45 i början till de slutgiltiga 24. Nya svarsnivåer infördes med beslutande svar i kombination med poäng för att kunna mäta och jämföra olika utförda DFA-analyser. Frågorna organiserades i tre huvudkategorier för att följa en mer logisk ordning: produktfrågor, monteringsfrågor och övriga frågor.I linje med hur andra produktionsenheter på Scania arbetar med DFA skapades en ny metod för att visualisera monteringsvänliga motorkomponenter genom att en gammal metod reviderades. Den gamla metoden innehöll artiklar med beskrivningar på bra lösningar ur monteringssynpunkt. Med hjälp av ett internt Wikipedia-system skapades länkar mellan dessa artiklar för att kunna nå dem ur tre olika huvudspår: DFA-tekniken är känd, produktkategorin är känd samt med utgångspunkt från delsystem i motorns konstruktionsstruktur.En enklare införandeplan togs fram för att ge en rekommendation på införande av arbetsmetoden. Dessutom gavs förslag på vidare förbättringar genom arbete med denna. Ett viktigt förbättringsområde blev på vilken plats i utvecklingsprocessen metoden ska användas

Detta examensarbete kommer att handla om planering och projektering av Finplanering. Med Finplanering menas den sista ”finishen” på byggarbetsplatsen dvs. innegårdar, uteplatser, kringliggande gågator och cykelbanor. Det är en etapp i byggproduktionen som börjar bli betydligt mer krävande vad gäller ekonomi och resursåtgång, då det ställs större krav på snabb inflyttning samt att efterfrågan på större och finare uteplatser ökar. Vi har försökt att belysa olika problem man ställs inför under detta skede av byggproduktionen. Vart man kan arbeta för att minska olika problem såsom förseningar och extra kostnader, men framförallt försöka hitta de kritiska skedena där Finplaneringen oftast glöms bort. Samt försöka hitta lämpliga sätt att redan i projekteringsstadiet försöka att planera och strukturera upp förebyggande arbeten så att allting fungerar som det ska när det väl är dags att sätta igång.
This thesis will describe and tell about planning and projecting of “Detailed planning”. “Detailed planning” is the last finish of the construction site i.e. courtyards, patios, surrounding pedestrian streets and bicycle paths. This is a stage in the overall process that is starting to get more demanding in terms of economy and resources. This because today, the demands for speedier housewarming and requirements for bigger and more fancy patios are higher.   We will highlight the different problems that you will encounter during this production stage. We will also pin point the areas where effort is needed in order to lessen problems like delays and extra costs, but most importantly try to find the critical stages during production where “Detailed planning” frequently is “forgotten”. The key, as we will try to show, is to find suitable ways in the early project planning stage to prepare and structure the preventive planning so that all is in place and has a chance to run smoothly when it is time to start the project.

Angola has 14 protected areas throughout the country. Iona National Park is one, but due to the civil war few studies about the mammals were conducted here. This study aims to present a first preliminary checklist of the mammal fauna of this park and its surroundings. For this purpose, recent observation data (based on camera traps, opportunistic observations and records of reliable sources) and historical data (available in bibliography, museum collections and grey literature) were compiled and critically reviewed. A total of 14 orders, 37 families and 120 species were recorded for the study area. Of these, 26 species have recent records, while the remaining 94 only have historical records (where 38 are presented as potential species from the park). New data was obtained and species with no historical records inside Iona National Park were recorded, such as aardvark (Orycteropus afer), zorilla (Ictonyx striatus) and ground pangolin (Smutsia temminckii); Os Mamíferos do Parque Nacional do Iona e áreas circundantes, Província do Namibe, sudoeste Angola: uma lista preliminar Resumo: Angola tem 14 áreas protegidas ao logo do país. O Parque Nacional do Iona é uma delas, mas, devido à guerra civil, poucos estudos sobre mamíferos foram realizados aqui. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar a primeira lista de espécies de mamíferos deste parque e áreas circundantes. Para isso, foram compilados e criticamente revistos dados recentes (baseados em foto-armadilhagem, observações diretas e registos de fontes de confiança) e históricos (disponíveis em bibliografia, coleções de museus e literatura). Um total de 14 ordens, 37 famílias e 120 espécies foram registadas para esta área. Destas, 26 espécies têm registos recentes, enquanto as restantes 94 apenas têm registos históricos (onde 38 são apresentadas como potenciais espécies do parque). Novos dados foram obtidos e espécies sem dados históricos foram registados dentro do Parque Nacional do Iona, como o porco-formigueiro (Orycteropus afer), o zorilla (Ictonyx striatus) e o pangolim terrestre (Smutsia temminckii).

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Tradicionalmente, a engenharia de requisitos se baseia na execu??o sequencial de atividades. Por outro lado, a engenharia de requisitos em metodologias ?geis ? informal. Projetos ?geis s?o bem sucedidos ?sem requisitos? gra?as ao fato de que casos de teste s?o comumentemente vistos como requisitos e de que requisitos s?o detalhados como casos de teste que servem tambem para validar e aceitar cada funcionalidade. Um dos formato destes testes de aceita??o s?o cen?rios criados a partir da t?cnica de desenvolvimento orientado a comportamento (do ingl?s, behavior-driven development, BDD). Estes cen?rios ajudam a evitar problemas de comunica??o entre especialistas de dom?nio e programadores, j? que estes cen?rios s?o escritos numa linguagem comum a esses dois grupos, permitindo um caminho menos amb?guo dos requisitos de neg?cio para a especifica??o do comportamento do um software. Entretanto, aqueles que formalizam cen?rios BDD n?o possuem um conjunto padr?o de regras para se familiarizarem com o conceito de um ?bom? cen?rio, o que pode permitir que cen?rios BDD sofram de problemas conhecidos pela engenharia de requisitos, tais como requisitos incompletos, mal especificados ou inconsistentes. Portanto, para preencher essa lacuna, nessa pesquisa foram coletados dados de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com praticantes de BDD para propormos uma lista de verifica??o baseada em quest?es com 12 perguntas associadas a 8 atributos de qualidade. Esse instrumento deve prover aos praticantes de BDD orienta??es padronizadas para o refinamento de seus cen?rios.
Traditional requirements engineering approaches are based on a sequential execution of activities. In the other hand, requirements engineering in agile development is informal. Agile projects succeed ?without requirements? due to the fact that test cases are commonly viewed as requirements and detailed requirements are documented as test cases that also validate and accept each feature. One format of those acceptance test cases is Behavior-Driven Development scenarios. Those scenarios help to avoid communication problems between the domain experts and programmers on the team, as they are defined using a common language that allows for an easy, less ambiguous path from end-user business requirements to the specification of how the software should behave. However, those who formalize BDD scenarios do not have a standard set of rules to educate themselves on what a ?good? BDD scenario is, which can allow BDD scenarios to suffer from other known problems in requirement engineering such as incomplete, underspecified and inconsistent requirements. Therefore, to fill that gap, this research gathered data from semi-structures interviews performed with BDD practitioners to propose a question-based checklist based on 8 newly defined quality attributes. This question-based checklist provides practitioners with an standard guideline for BDD scenarios? refinement

Philosophy
Ph.D.
This project offers a unique contribution to the scholarship on Jean-Paul Sartre's concept of bad faith by providing a sustained exploration of bad faith in the context of contemporary tourism. More specifically, I explore the bad faith of what I call "checklist tourism," which defines the tourist trip as a rapid succession of visits from one "must-see" site to the next, snapping photos and collecting souvenirs along the way. I argue that checklist tourism offers a safe and comfortable structure for travel that protects tourists against Sartrean anguish--that is, the experience of alienation, fear, freedom, and responsibility--that travel can sometimes evoke. This analysis contributes to the literature on bad faith in three main ways. First, I provide an extended analysis of the Sartrean spirit of seriousness, highlighting part of this concept that has thus far been underdeveloped in the scholarship. I argue that checklist tourism manifests the spirit of seriousness, which accepts the obligation of "must-see" sites and belief in the transcendent value of the material objects seen on the tour. Second, I explore the embodied bad faith of the possession and appropriation of the material world (rather than studying the possession of people, as most scholars have done), arguing that the tourist attempts to appropriate tourist sites through bodily engagement with them. Third, I develop a theory of play as authenticity, and I offer a systematic investigation of it as a rejection of the ontological bad faith project to be self-identical (i.e. to be God), and a reflective conversion to self-recovery. I then explore the character of the "post-tourist," which has been developing in the tourism literature and which represents a way of touring that rejects the seriousness of the "must-see" sites in favor of an attitude of levity, spontaneity, and playfulness.
Temple University--Theses

Orientadora: Profª Drª Elaine Drehmer de Almeida Cruz
Co-orientadora: Profª Drª Ana Maria Dyniewicz
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Defesa: Curitiba, 24/11/2014
Inclui referências
Resumo: A seguranca do paciente cirurgico e considerada componente critico da qualidade do cuidado em saude e constitui o Segundo Desafio Global para a Seguranca da Organizacao Mundial da Saude. Para atender a este desafio, o Programa Cirurgias Seguras Salvam Vidas (PCSSV), lancado no bienio 2007 e 2008, tem como objetivo diminuir a morbimortalidade e elevar os padroes de qualidade em servicos de assistencia a saude. Considerando que as acoes de seguranca incluem a assistencia de enfermagem perioperatoria, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo elaborar, avaliar e validar checklist de seguranca cirurgica para os periodos pre e pos-operatorio. A pesquisa do tipo metodologica com abordagem quantitativa foi realizada entre marco de 2013 a outubro de 2014, em um hospital universitario do estado do Parana e aprovada em Comite de Etica. A trajetoria ocorreu por meio do Ciclo PDCA e seguiu diretrizes e principios do PCSSV. Inicialmente foi elaborada uma versao preliminar de checklist, submetida a apreciacao de 14 enfermeiros de unidades cirurgicas, para ajustes e complementacoes. A seguir, o instrumento foi submetido a teste piloto em oito unidades cirurgicas, cuja versao sofreu adaptacoes, a partir de reunioes e oficinas com as enfermeiras daquelas unidades. Depois desta fase houve a validacao do checkist, por meio da Tecnica Delphi com Escala Likert por oito especialistas. Foram enviados aos especialistas um formulario de avaliacao com tres blocos de respostas, acompanhado do checklist organizado em seis categorias de avaliacao, o qual foi submetido a teste de confiabilidade pelo coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. As respostas dos especialistas foram submetidas a mensuracao quantitativa, pelo calculo do escore do Ranking Medio e apresentaram escores de Likert .1 e grau de concordancia . 75%, atingindo-se o consenso nos atributos objetividade, clareza de redacao, pertinencia, credibilidade, validade de aplicacao, validade de instrumento, informacoes claras e concisas, organizacao logica do conteudo e interface entre o profissional e o paciente cirurgico. O checklist construido, avaliado e validado contempla 97 indicadores de seguranca em seis categorias: Identificacao (9 indicadores), Pre-operatorio (13 indicadores), Pos-operatorio Imediato (13 indicadores), Pos Operatorio Mediato (28 indicadores), Outras Complicacoes Cirurgicas (20 indicadores) e Alta Hospitalar (14 indicadores). Concluiu-se que o conteudo do Checklist de Seguranca Cirurgica Pre e Pos-operatorio e efetivo e eficaz para direcionar as acoes de enfermagem ao paciente nos periodos pre e pos operatorio; contribui para a seguranca do paciente, por meio da monitorizacao de sinais e sintomas de alerta, producao de indicadores e pode ser utilizado e adaptado para outros servicos de saude. Descritores: Seguranca do Paciente; Assistencia Perioperatoria; Lista de Checagem; Ciclo PDCA; Validacao.
Abstract: The safety of surgical patients is considered a critical health care component of quality and for the World Health Organization it is the Second Global Safety Challenge. To meet this challenge, the Safe Surgery Saves Lives Program (PCSSV), launched during the years 2007 and 2008 aims to reduce morbidity and mortality and to raise the standards of quality in healthcare services. Whereas safety initiatives include the assistance of perioperative nursing, this study aimed to develop, evaluate and validate surgical safety checklist of the pre and postoperative. The research methodology using the quantitative approach was conducted from March 2013 to October 2014 in a university hospital of Parana state and it was approved by the Ethics Committee. The trajectory was through the PDCA cycle and followed the guidelines and PCSSV principles. Initially it was developed a draft checklist, submitted for consideration of 14 nurses in surgical units with ends of adjustments and additions. Next, the instrument was piloted in eight surgical units whose version was adapted from meetings and workshops with nurses from those units. After this phase there was the checklist validation by eight experts using the Delphi Likert Scale Technique. The experts were sent an evaluation form with three blocks of responses, accompanied by the checklist organized into six categories of evaluation, which was subjected to reliability test by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The responses of the experts were subjected to quantitative measurement by calculating the Average Ranking score and presented scores of Likert .1 and degree of agreement . 75%, reaching the consensus on the attributes of objectivity, clarity of writing, relevance, credibility, validity of application, validity of the instrument, clear and concise information, logical organization of content and interface between the professional and the surgical patient. The built, evaluated and validated checklist includes 97 safety indicators in six categories: Identification (9 indicators), Preoperative (13 indicators), Immediate Postoperative (13 indicators), Mediate Postoperative (28 indicators), Other Surgical Complications (20 indicators) and Hospital Discharge (14 indicators). It was concluded that the content of the Surgical Safety Checklist Pre and Post-operative proved to be effective and efficient to direct the actions of nurses to patients pre- and postoperative. It contributes with patient's safety through the monitoring of signs and warning symptoms, through the development of indicators and it can be used and adapted for other health services. Keywords: Patient Safety; Perioperative Care; Checklist; PDCA Cycle; Validation.

Studies conducted over the past decades have identified the presence of a greater amount of negative emotional reaction and speech disruption in particular speech situations among children who stutter, compared to those who do not (Brutten & Vanryckeghem, 2003b; Knudson, 1939; Meyers, 1986; Trotter, 1983). Laboratory investigations have been utilized to describe the particular situations that elicit the greatest or least amount of speech concern and fluency failures. More recently, in order to deal with the limitation of laboratory research, the use of self-report tests have gained popularity as a means of exploring the extent of negative emotional reaction and speech disruption in a wide array of speaking situations. However, the availability of such instruments for use with children has been limited. Toward this end, the Speech Situation Checklist (SSC) was designed for use with youngsters who do and do not stutter (Brutten 1965b, 2003b). Past investigations utilizing the SSC for Children have reported on reliability and validity information and provided useful normative data (Brutten & Vanryckeghem, 2003b; Trotter, 1983). Additionally, the findings from those research studies have consistently revealed statistically significant differences in speech-related negative emotional response and speech disorganization between children who do and do not stutter. However, since its initial construction, the SSC has undergone modifications and paucity of normative data for the current American form of the SSC has restricted its clinical use. To fill this void, the revised SSC for children was utilized in the present study to obtain current normative and comparative data for American grade-school stuttering and nonstuttering children. Additionally, the effect of age and gender (and their interaction) on the emotional reaction and speech disruption scores of the SSC was examined. The SSC self-report test was administered to 79 nonstuttering and 19 stuttering elementary and middle-school children between the ages of 6 and 13. Only those nonstutterers who showed no evidence of a speech, language, reading, writing or learning difficulty, or any additional motor or behavioral problems were included in the subject pool. Similarly, only those stuttering participants who did not demonstrate any language or speech disorder other than stuttering were contained in the study. Measures of central tendency and variance indicated an overall mean score of 78.26 (SD=19.34) and 85.69 (SD=22.25) for the sample of nonstuttering children on the Emotional Reaction section and Speech Disruption section of the SSC, respectively. For the group of stutterers the overall mean for Emotional Reaction was 109.53 (SD=34.35) and 109.42 (SD=21.33) for the Speech Disruption section. This difference in group means proved to be statistically significant for both emotional response (t=3.816, p=. 001) and fluency failures (t=4.169, p=. 000), indicating that, as a group, children who stutter report significantly more in the way of emotional response to and fluency failures in the situations described in the SSC, compared to their fluent peers. Significant high correlations were also obtained between the report of emotional response and the extent of fluency failures in the various speaking situations for both the group of nonstuttering (.70) and stuttering (.71) children. As far as the effect of age and gender is concerned, the present study found no significant difference in the ER and SD scores between the male and female or the younger and older group of nonstuttering children. Interestingly, a significant age by gender interaction was obtained for the nonstuttering children, only on the Speech Disruption section of the test.
M.A.
Department of Communicative Disorders
Health and Public Affairs
Communicative Disorders

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-84).
The Public Housing Agency (PHA) Plan was introduced in 1998 as part of the landmark Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act. The stated purpose of this legislation was to reform public housing by "deregulating and decontrolling public housing authorities, thereby enabling them to perform as property and asset managers." The complex, topdown bureaucratic rules and regulations promulgated in Washington were no longer deemed workable. Congress strove to foster a new relationship with public housing authorities that replaced the single, top-down, cookie-cutter approach with the flexibility and local authority necessary to foster individual initiative and develop context-based solutions that recognize the unique nature and dynamics of individual neighborhoods and communities. Yet, upon examination of the statutory and regulatory requirements of the PHA Plan, it becomes evident that Congress and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) have missed their mark. Unfortunately, neither Congress nor HUD have articulated how deregulation and decontrol will necessarily result in better performance as property and asset managers. Ultimately, this omission undermined Washington's ability to effect its public housing reform agenda. By rigidly prescribing the content and introducing a uniform, electronic format, the PHA Plan appears to be driven more by technology and the ease of the review and approval process than by the needs of public housing authorities and their constituents. More importantly, as demonstrated by a case study of the Boston Housing Authority, the PHA Plan fails to reinforce locally based initiatives designed to revitalize public housing using established real estate principles. Drawing on extensive research, interviews with key actors and the author's own experiences as a planner with the Boston Housing Authority, this thesis will explore the factors that contributed to the disjunction between the stated purpose of the PHA Plan and the way the requirements have actually played out at the local level. Based upon these observations, recommendations are offered to change the statutory and/or regulatory requirements to better serve public housing agencies in their efforts to improve as property and asset managers.
by Katherine F. Carton.
M.C.P.

WHO:s checklista har signifikant minskat komplikationer och dödsfall och har ökat patientsäkerheten hos kirurgiska patienter genom att vara ett standardiserat redskap vid kommunikation och samarbete i operationsteamet. Vid 2011 slut använde de flesta Svenska sjukhus WHO:s checklista, men det finns endast ett fåtal studier från Sverige efter införandet. Syftet med denna pilotstudie var att undersöka operationsteamets erfarenheter att arbeta med WHO:s checklista för säker kirurgi. En fokusgruppintervju gjordes med ett operationsteam. Analys av data skedde genom kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar på både vinster och svårigheter när WHO:s checklista används. Checklistan är viktig för teamets kommunikation, planering och är en säkerhetsrutin och kontroll för att undvika misstag. Den är en samlingspunkt, klargör fakta, ger säkrare vård och tar minst tid om teamet synkroniserar sig, väntar in varandra, fokuserar och koncentrerar sig på checklistan. Det finns ett behov av delat ansvar för att komma ihåg att använda checklistan och det behövs ett engagemang och stöd från ledningen för god implementering. Alla måste vara delaktiga, överens om att använda den och ta den på allvar. Checklistan är mindre relevant vid små ingrepp där önskan finns att modifiera den. Vidare studier av multidisciplinär teamträning för att utveckla checklistan skulle vara av intresse. För att kunna jämföra de olika yrkeskategorierna med varandra och för att få djupare kunskaper, behövs det göras flera fokusgruppintervjuer.
WHO's checklist has significantly reduced complications and mortality and increased patient safety in surgical patients by being a standardized tool for communication and co-operation of the surgical team. At the end of 2011 most Swedish hospitals used WHO´s checklist, but there are only a few studies from Sweden after the introduction. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the surgical team´s experiences working with WHO´s checklist for safe surgery. A focus group interview was conducted with a surgical team. Data analysis was done by qualitative manifest content analysis. The result shows both benefits and difficulties when WHO´s checklist is used. The checklist is important for the team´s communication and planning and is a routine security and control to avoid mistakes. It´s a meeting point, it´s clarifying the facts, providing safer care and it takes less time if the team synchronizes itself, waits for each other, focuses and concentrates on the checklist. There is a need of shared responsibility to remember it and the commitment and support from the management for good implementation. Everyone must be involved, agree to use it and take it seriously. The checklist is less relevant for small procedures where the desire is to be able to modify it. Further studies of multidisciplinary team training for the development of the checklist would be interesting. In order to compare various professional categories with each other and gain deeper knowledge, it is necessary to do several focus group interviews.

The Master’s thesis addresses the issue of ergonomics. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the current ergonomic state of the production line with the subsequent detection of ergonomic risks, the use of various assessment methods and comparison with legislative requirements. After defining the deficiencies, corrective actions are proposed, leading to their elimination and reduction of work intensity. The ergonomic analysis was performed within Tyco Electronics Czech s.r.o. The analytical part follows up on, in depth, the theoretical part of the work, where all its aspects are listed in addition to the introduction of ergonomics as a scientific discipline.

Einleitung: Arbeitsbedingte Erkrankungen des Muskel-Skelett-Systems sind unter Physiotherapeuten sehr häufig. Die präventive Forschung hat diese Berufsgruppe bisher kaum untersucht. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt die Veränderung des Arbeitsumfeldes einen vielversprechenden Ansatz für die Verhinderung arbeitsbedingter Erkrankungen dar. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Erstellung einer Checkliste zur Bewertung des Arbeitsplatzes eines Physiotherapeuten zu erstellen. Material und Methoden: Es wurde im September 2011 eine Literatursuche mit folgenden Datenbanken und Suchmaschinen durchgeführt: „CEBP“, „Cochrane“, „Ebsco“, „GoogleScholar“, „Medpilot“, „PeDro“, „Pubmed“ und dem Online-Katalog der württembergischen Landesbibliothek. Nach systematischem Aussortieren verblieben 13 Studien und zwei Bücher, zu denen durch unsystematische Suche weitere zwei Bücher hinzukamen. Aus den Suchergebnissen wurden Daten erhoben, die für die Erstellung einer Checkliste relevant sind. Ergebnisse: Es entstand eine literaturgestützte Checkliste, die sowohl direkt angewendet, als auch als Hilfe zur Entwicklung einer individuellen Arbeitsplatzumgestaltung verwendet werden kann. Diskussion: Eine literaturgestützte Checkliste zur Beurteilung des Arbeitsplatzes eines Physiotherapeuten ist, nach Wissensstand des Autors, in dieser Form einzigartig. Jeder einzelne Punkt der Checkliste wird näher und von verschiedenen Blickwinkeln beleuchtet
Introduction: Work related musculoskeletal disorders are common among physiotherapists. Preventive research examined this profession rarely until today. In this background changing working environment could be an important way to prevent work related illnesses. The aim of this study is the creation of a checklist for assessing the workplace of a physiotherapist. Material and Methods: A search for literature took place in September 2011 in following databases and search engines: “CEBP“, “Cochrane“, “Ebsco“, “GoogleScholar“, “Medpilot“, “PeDro“, “Pubmed“ and the online-catalogue of the “württembergische Landesbibliothek”. After a systematic sort out remained 13 studies and two books to which another two books from an unsystematic search were added. From the results of the searches relevant data to create a checklist were extracted. Results: A literature-based checklist was developed, which can be used directly or as a help to develop an individual workplace change program. Discussion: In the knowledge of the author a literature-based checklist for assessing the workplace of a physiotherapist is unique. Each checklist item is described more closely and discussed separately

Previous studies have shown that musculoskeletal discomfort can result from long duration of computer use with the following conditions: improper location of the keyboard and mouse, monitor too high, and a lack of forearm support from either the worksurface or chair armrests. The office workstation is best configured with the keyboard and mouse at or below elbow level, the monitor at or below horizontal eye level, and the forearms supported. An adjustable chair and workstation can also help achieve these layouts. Previous assessment methods have resulted in long checklists often including questions or assessments of characteristics that are not supported by scientific evidence. This research developed an evidence-based computer workstation checklist to assess both configuration and forearm support issues related to the keyboard, mouse, monitor, and chair. The goal of this research was to test this checklist's repeatability among different raters. A pilot study was performed with results that indicated a high percent of agreement (= 66%) among most of the raters and overall kappa coefficients ranging from 0.44 (moderate) to 1.00 (almost perfect agreement). Modifications to the checklist were made based on feedback from the raters. The main study had results with a high percent of agreement (= 70%) among many of the raters and kappa coefficients from 0.09 (slight) to 1.00 (almost perfect agreement). These kappa scores can likely be attributed to the rater's lack of ergonomic experience and training on the checklist. Even with these kappa coefficients there is still evidence of this checklist being a repeatable tool based on the high percent of agreement. This could suggest that this checklist can be used by multiple raters for assessing office workstation configuration and forearms support issues.
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrialand Manufacturing Engineering

The identification of victims of human trafficking and consequential service provision is characterized by a significant disconnection between the estimated prevalence of this issue and the number of cases identified. The current dissertation introduces the Inclusive Human Trafficking Checklist (IHTC) as a screening measure, evaluates the appropriateness of the instrument, evaluates whether there are differences in assessment based on the participant’s profession, level of knowledge, and training, and assesses if users of the instrument perceive it as useful. A total of 201 participants were asked to rate three vignettes predetermined by experts to qualify as a either human trafficking case or not. The participants were placed in three conditions: business as usual (use of the Rescue and Restore instrument), utilization of the IHTC with and without training. The results revealed a statistically significant level of agreement between the expert’s diagnostic and the application of the IHTC. While there was an improvement in identification in the group with training, the difference was found to have a small effect size. The results also revealed an improvement on identification of cases when utilizing the IHTC. Participants who utilized the IHTC showed an increased ability to identify elements of identity-based vulnerabilities as well as elements of fraud, which according to the results, are distinctive variables in cases of human trafficking. In terms of the perceived utility, the results revealed higher mean scores for the groups utilizing the IHTC when compared to the business as usual condition. These findings suggest that the IHTC improves appropriate identification of cases and that it is perceived as a useful instrument. The application of the IHTC as a counseling and legal instrumentation utilized for conceptualization and intervention of human trafficking cases is discussed as an opportunity for enhancement of victim well-being, engagement and activism.

Behavioral and emotional problems (BEPs) are known to affect children's ability to shape and maintain effective social relationships. BEPs are typically categorized into two main factors: internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Internalizing behaviors represent introverted problems, directed inwardly to the individual. While externalizing behavior patterns represent behaviors that are directed outwardly. Behaviors, emotions and thoughts are experienced by all people but on a continuum rather than in terms of absence versus presence of the behavior. The child behavior checklist (CBCL) is used to measure BEPs. The system of CBCL (parent form) measures also includes a teacher rating form and a youth self-report. Using 62 teachers and 311 students, the present study assessed convergent and discriminant validity using a correlated trait, correlated method minus one [CT-C(M-1)] model. The results showed low to moderate teacher-student agreement on the traits. To extend the theoretical structure of the teacher and self-report forms, the present study assessed the nested structure of the data using a multilevel model. Results revealed the nested structure of the data should not be ignored.

6 pp.
Many Arizona residents own homes in or near the forests, woodlands, chaparral, and grasslands to take advantage of the amenities of living in a natural environment. Fire protection for homes in rural and remote areas is limited when compared to living in an urban area. This checklist is designed to assist an individual homeowner or a group of homeowners living in a remote area to assess the relative wildfire hazard severity around a home, neighborhood, subdivision, or community.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnologico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção
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Destaca a importância das interfaces de software, e propõe que o pré-diagnóstico da etapa de avaliação preliminar do software seja realizada com a utilização de um checklist baseado em normas e recomendações ergonômicas selecionadas, e classificadas segundo critérios ergonômicos. Descreve a metodologia utilizada para geração e aplicação do checklist, e compara os resultados de uma avaliação de um software editor de textos obtida através da aplicação do checklist proposto, com os resultados obtidos por uma avaliação ergonômica completa do mesmo software. O resultado da comparação mostra que o checklist conseguiu detectar grande parte dos problemas de usabilidade detectados pela avaliação completa, e mostra que a inserção do checklist na avaliação aumentaria a sua abrangência.

State and federal guidelines for implementing programs for the gifted have required that placement into such programs being as early as kindergarten. In order to help determine whether a child was functioning significantly above age level on certain tasks through multiple sources, a checklist for parents was developed and validated.;The parent checklist was analyzed for reliability and validity. Analysis of pre-school scores on the instrument was also conducted to determine whether or not placement into programs for the gifted could be predicted from the results. Parental responses were also investigated in an effort to determine the reliability of parents as a source of information about their children. Correlational studies were conducted on group test data which consisted of the Metropolitan Readiness Test, the second grade administration of the SRA Achievement Series, and the third grade administration of the Otis-Lennon School Ability Test. Additionally, correlational studies were conducted on a small sample of the students as first graders utilizing the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (Figural Form A) and the Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students.;Statistical analysis included the use of multiple regression analyses and the determination of correlation coefficients (Cronbach's Alpha and Pearson Product Moment).

Bakgrund Antalet kirurgiska ingrepp förväntas öka, och därmed ökar även den totala risken för komplikationer. Världshälsoorganisationen, World Health Organization, WHO, har tagit fram en Checklista att använda i samband med kirurgiska ingrepp för att minska komplikationer och öka patientsäkerheten. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka operationssjuksköterskors erfarenheter av Checklistan. Metod En pilotstudie genomfördes och fem operationssjuksköterskor intervjuades. Intervjuerna transkriberades ordagrant och en manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys gjordes med induktiv ansats. Resultatet visar att det fanns hinder vid användning av Checklistan, det fanns en ovana vid de nya rutiner som Checklistan innebär, arbetslagets attityder påverkar användningen och att vissa i operationsteamet visade oförståelse för Checklistans syfte. Osäkerhet rådde bland operationssjuksköterskorna för när Checklistans olika faser skulle utföras samt vem som ska initiera Checklistan. Användning av Checklistan medförde trygghet för så väl patient som personal, liksom en ökad handlingsberedskap för operationssjuksköterskan. Presentation av personalen på operationssalen ansågs vara positiv för ny personal, och negativ då detta tar tid och innebär upprepning. Slutsats WHO:s Checklista är ett bra verktyg för att öka kommunikationen och därmed öka patientsäkerheten. Det fanns ett behov av att anpassa Checklistan till den egna kliniken.
Background The number of surgical procedures is expected to increase, and thus also the total number of complications might increase. World Health Organization, WHO, has developed a Checklist for use in connection with surgical procedures to minimize the risk of errors and to enhance patient safety. The aim of this study was to investigate the theatre nurses' experiences of this Checklist. Method A pilot study was performed and five theatre nurses were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a qualitative manifest content analysis was conducted with an inductive approach. The result shows that there were obstacles in the use of the Checklist, the staff was unaccustomed to the new procedures the Checklist had led to, the surgical team’s attitudes affected the use of the Checklist, and some in the surgical team showed lack of understanding of the purpose of the Checklist. Uncertainty prevailed among theatre nurses when to perform the different phases of the Checklist, and who should be initiating the Checklist. The use of the Checklist led to increased safety for the patients as well as for the staff, and also led to an increased preparedness for theatre nurses. The presentation of the staff in the theatre room was considered to be positive for new staff, and negative since this took time and involved repetition. Conclusion The WHO's Checklist is a useful tool to increase communication and thereby increase patient safety. There was a need to adapt the Checklist to the own clinics.

Background World Alliance for Patient Safety, launched by the WHO, has created a Surgical Safety Checklist. It was first published in 2008 and has been translated and modified in Sweden by Landstingens Ömsesidiga Försäkringsbolag, LÖF. The use of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist has been shown to reduce the number of complications and deaths related to surgery. Aim The aim of this study is to describe the Theatre Nurse’s participation in in the use of a modified version of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist intraoperatively in two Theatres in a hospital in the centre of Sweden. Method This study has a quantitative descriptive approach. A direct observational study was carried out in two Theatres and the participants were asked a few complementary questions after the observations. A total of 16 Theatre Nurses participated in this study. Results None of the Theatre Nurses confirmed all the steps in all phases of the checklists during an operation. However one Theatre Nurse confirmed all the steps in the Sign Out phase at one occasion. There was no team member in either Theatre allocated to read out all the steps in the checklist and to make sure that all the steps were completed. Conclusion Insufficient compliance to the checklist prevails in both Theatres and they need to improve quality measures in order to increase adherence to the checklists to promote patient safety. Clinical significance This study describes the Theatre Nurses’ participation in performing the checklists in the two Theatres were the observations were carried out. The study may inspire improvement measures and provide inspiration for further research.
Bakgrund Världsalliansen för patientsäkerhet, som är en del av WHO, har skapat en checklista för säker kirurgi. Den publicerades för första gången år 2008 och i Sverige har Landstingens Ömsesidiga Försäkringsbolag, LÖF, översatt och bearbetat checklistan för svenskt bruk. Användandet av WHO:s checklista för säker kirurgi har visats minska antalet komplikationer och dödsfall i samband med operationer. Syfte Syftet med studien var att beskriva operationssjuksköterskans medverkan i användandet av WHO:s modifierade checklista för säker kirurgi intraoperativt på två operationsavdelningar på ett sjukhus i Mellansverige. Metod Denna studie har en kvantitativ deskriptiv ansats. En direkt observationsstudie genomfördes och därefter ställdes frågor utifrån en frågeguide. Totalt 16 operationssjuksköterskor deltog i studien. Resultat Ingen operationssjuksköterska medverkade i eller tog upp samtliga punkter i checklistans alla tre faser under en operation. En operationssjuksköterska tog däremot upp alla punkter i avslutningsfasen vid ett tillfälle. Det fanns ingen checklisteansvarig personal som läste upp checklistans alla punkter för operationslaget och som såg till att alla punkterna genomfördes på de båda avdelningarna. Slutsats Bristande följsamhet till checklistorna råder på båda avdelningarna. Avdelningarna är i behov av kvalitetsförbättrande åtgärder för att öka följsamheten till checklistorna för att främja patientsäkerheten. Klinisk betydelse Studien är en beskrivning av hur operationssjuksköterskor arbetar med checklistorna på de två avdelningarna där observationerna utfördes. Den utgör en grund för fortsatt förbättringsarbete på avdelningarna samt ger inspiration till fortsatt forskning.

Pritchard, Kurt Schneider i Cleckley, entre d’altres, han anat definint al llarg dels darrers dos segles el constructe de la psicopatia, fins que a les últimes dècades de la segona meitat del segle XX Hare l’operativitza en un inventari de 20 ítems anomenat Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; 1991, 2003), que agrupa en dos Factors i després dividiria en quatre Facetes: “Interpersonal”, “Afectiva”, “d’Estil de vida” i “Antisocial”. Posteriorment i com a versió de garbellat (del PCL-R) és va dissenyar el Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (Hart, Cox i Hare, 1995) amb 12 ítems i un temps d’administració molt menor, apte per a entorns forenses i clínics. L’objectiu general d’aquesta Tesi va ser l’estudi de les propietats psicomètriques (fiabilitat i validesa) de l’adaptació espanyola del PCL:SV (Cuquerella i Torrubia, 1996) en mostres forenses (judicial, psiquiàtrica, penitenciària i d’agressors sexuals) del nostre medi cultural. Com a objectius específics es va estudiar: a) la fiabilitat de consistència interna; b) la fiabilitat entre avaluadors; c) l’error estàndard de mesura; d) la validesa estructural, mitjançant anàlisis factorials exploratòries i confirmatòries; e) la validesa concurrent, amb l’estudi de l’associació amb el PCL-R; f) la validesa convergent, amb instruments com les Karolinka Scales of Personality, Escales de Sensibilitat al Càstig i de Sensibilitat a la Recompensa, amb el Qüestionari de Psicopatia experimental i amb variables sociodemogràfiques, penitenciàries i delictives; i g) la validesa discriminat, amb mesures d’intel·ligència (Test de Matrius Progressives de Raven) i algunes variables sociodemogràfiques. La mostra fou de 394 participants voluntaris, agrupats en les quatre submostres esmentades. El resultats més importants foren: Pel que fa a la fiabilitat, la consistència interna fou força acceptable i la fiabilitat Inter-avaluadors superior, fins i tot, a la mitjana de resultats del Manual original (Hart et al, 1995). En relació a la validesa, i pel que fa específicament a la validesa estructural (estructura factorial), la solució que millor va explicar els resultats obtinguts a la nostra Mostra va ser la tetrafactorial (anàlisi factorials confirmatòries), si bé al Manual descrivia la solució bifactorial com la més parsimoniosa i amb millor bondat d’ajustament (Hart et al, 1995). Les dades de validesa convergent, aportaren correlacions en el sentit esperable, destacant, entre d’altres: a) que escales com Evitación de la monotonía i Agresión verbal es mostraren associades a major Puntuació Total PCL:SV); b) correlacions del Factor 2 negatives amb l’escala Socialización i positives amb Sensibilitat a la recompensa (SR); i c) correlacions positives del Factor 2 i la Puntuació Total amb el Qüestionari de Psicopatia experimental (QPe). Pel que fa a correlats sociodemogràfics, delictius i penitenciàris (submostra Penitenciària) destacaríem l’associació entre la Puntuació total (PCL:SV) i tipologies delictives relacionades amb “trencament de condemna” i “lesions”, o amb variables criminològiques com Precocitat en la primera detenció, Edat del primer ingrés a presó, Edat del primer judici, Nombre de regressions (de grau), Nombre de sancions greus o Nombre de trencaments de condemna. Ratifiquem doncs, la similitud de resultats del present treball amb els del Manual, els quals confirmen una fiabilitat i una validesa acceptables de l’adaptació espanyola del PCL:SV, permetent, doncs l’aplicació en l’àmbit forense i d’investigació d’aquest instrument com a eina de cribratge de la psicopatia.
Pritchard, Kurt Schneider y Cleckley, entre otros, han ido definiendo a lo largo de los últimos dos siglos el constructo de psicopatía, hasta que en las últimas décadas del siglo XX Hare lo operativiza en un inventario de 20 ítems denominado Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; 1991, 2003), que agrupa en dos Factores y después dividiría en cuatro Facetas: "Interpersonal", "Afectiva", "de Estilo de vida" y "Antisocial". Posteriormente y como versión de cribado (del PCL-R) se diseñó el Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL: SV; Hart, Cox y Hare, 1995) con 12 ítems, un tiempo de administración mucho menor y apto para entornos forenses y clínicos. El objetivo general de esta Tesis fue el estudio de las propiedades psicométricas (fiabilidad y validez) de la adaptación española del PCL: SV (Cuquerella y Torrubia, 1996) en muestras forenses (judicial, psiquiátrica, penitenciaria y de agresores sexuales) de nuestro medio cultural. Como objetivos específicos se estudió: a) la fiabilidad de consistencia interna; b) la fiabilidad entre evaluadores; c) el error estándar de medida; d) la validez estructural, mediante análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios; e) la validez concurrente, con el estudio de la asociación con el PCL-R; f) la validez convergente, con instrumentos como las Karolinska Scales of Personality, Escalas de Sensibilidad al Castigo y de Sensibilidad a la Recompensa, el Cuestionario de Psicopatía experimental y con variables sociodemográficas, penitenciarias y delictivas; y g) la validez discriminante, con medidas de inteligencia (Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven) y algunas variables sociodemográficas. La muestra fue de 394 participantes voluntarios, agrupados en las cuatro submuestras mencionadas. Los resultados más importantes fueron: En cuanto a la fiabilidad, la consistencia interna fue bastante aceptable y la fiabilidad Inter-evaluadores superior, incluso, a la media de resultados del Manual original (Hart et al, 1995). En relación con la validez y por lo que respecta específicamente a la validez estructural (estructura factorial), la solución que mejor explicó los resultados obtenidos en nuestra Muestra fue la tetrafactorial (análisis factoriales confirmatorios), si bien en el Manual se describía la solución bifactorial como la más parsimoniosa y con mejor bondad de ajuste (Hart et al, 1995). Los datos de validez convergente, aportaron correlaciones en el sentido esperable, destacando, entre otros: a) que escalas como Evitación de la monotonía y Agresión verbal se mostraron asociadas a mayor Puntuación Total PCL: SV); b) correlaciones del Factor 2 negativas con la escala Socialización y positivas con Sensibilidad a la Recompensa; y c) correlaciones positivas del Factor 2 y la Puntuación Total con el Cuestionario de Psicopatía experimental. En cuanto a correlatos sociodemográficos, delictivos y penitenciarios (submuestra Penitenciaria) destacaríamos la asociación entre la Puntuación total (PCL: SV) y tipologías delictivas relacionadas con "quebrantamiento de condena" y "lesiones", o con variables criminológicas como Precocidad en la primera detención, Edad del primer ingreso en prisión, Edad del primer juicio, Número de regresiones (de grado), Número de sanciones graves o Número de quebrantamientos de condena. Ratificamos pues, la similitud de resultados del presente trabajo con los del Manual, los cuales confirman una fiabilidad y una validez aceptables de la adaptación española del PCL: SV, permitiendo, pues, la aplicación en el ámbito forense y de investigación de este instrumento como herramienta de cribado de la psicopatía.
Pritchard, Kurt Schneider and Cleckley, among others, have defined over the last two centuries the psychopathy construct. More recently, in the two last decades of the 20th century, Hare operationalized it into a 20-item checklist called the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; 1991, 2003), which groups them into two Factors and four Facets: "Interpersonal", "Affective", "Lifestyle" and "Antisocial." Subsequently, a screening version of the PCL-R, the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL: SV; Hart, Cox and Hare, 1995), was developed, including 12 items, with a much lower administration time and that is useful for forensic and clinical purposes. The general aim of this Thesis was the study of the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of the Spanish adaptation of the PCL:SV (Cuquerella and Torrubia, 1996) in forensic samples (judicial, psychiatric, penitentiary and sexual aggressors). As specific objectives, we studied: a) internal consistency reliability; b) interrater reliability; c) the standard measurement error; d) structural validity, through exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses; e) concurrent validity, through the study of the association with the PCL-R; f) convergent validity, with instruments such as Karolinska Scales of Personality, Scales of Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward, the Experimental Psychopathy Questionnaire and sociodemographic, penitentiary and criminal variables; and g) discriminant validity with intelligence measures (Raven Progressive Matrices Test) and some sociodemographic variables. The sample was composed by 394 voluntary participants, grouped in the four above mentioned sub-samples. The most important results were: As far as reliability is concerned, internal consistency was quite acceptable and the interrater reliability superior, even the average results of the original Manual (Hart et al., 1995). Regarding the validity, and with regard to the structural validity (factor structure), the solution that best explained the results obtained in our sample was the four-factor one (confirmatory factor analysis), although the Manual described the two-factor solution as the most parsimonious and with the best goodness of fit (Hart et al., 1995). Data about convergent validity showed correlations in the expected direction, emphasizing, among others: a) that scales such as Monotony Avoidance and Verbal Aggression were shown to be associated with a higher Total Score(PCL:SV); b) negative Factor 2 correlations with the Socialization scale and positive ones with Sensitivity to Reward; and c) positive correlations of Factor 2 and Total Score (PCL:SV) with the Experimental Psychopathy Questionnaire. As regards sociodemographic, criminal and penitentiary correlates, we would highlight the association between Total Score (PCL: SV) and criminal typologies related to "conviction breaks" and "injuries", or with criminological variables such as Precocity in the First arrest, Age of first admission to prison, Age of first trial, Number of regressions (of degree), Number of serious penalties or Number of sentences breaks. It is noticeable the similarity of the results of the present study with those from the Manual, which confirm an acceptable reliability and validity of the Spanish adaptation of the PCL: SV, allowing, therefore, the application of this instrument as a screening tool for psychopathy both in forensic contexts as well as for research purposes.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-153).
The role of unmanned vehicles in military and commercial environments continues to expand, resulting in Shared Manned-Unmanned (SMU) domains. While the introduction of unmanned vehicles can have many benefits, humans operating within these environments must shift to high-level supervisory roles, which will require them to resolve system errors. Error resolution in current Human Supervisory Control (HSC) domains is performed using a checklist; the error is quickly identified, and then resolved using the steps outlined by the checklist. Background research into error resolution identified three attributes that impact the effectiveness of an error resolution checklist: domain predictability, sensor reliability, and time availability. These attributes were combined into a Checklist Attribute Model (CAM), demonstrating that HSC domains with high levels of complexity (e.g. SMU domains) are ill-suited to error resolution using traditional checklists. In particular, it was found that more support was required during such error identification, as data is uncertain and unreliable. A new error resolution checklist, termed the GUIDER (Graphical User Interface for Directed Error Recovery) Probabilistic Checklist, was developed to aid the human during the error identification process in SMU domains. Evaluation was performed through a human performance experiment requiring participants to resolve errors in a simulated SMU domain using the GUIDER Probabilistic Checklist and a traditional checklist tool. Thirty-six participants were recruited, and each was assigned to a single checklist tool condition. Participants completed three simulated error scenarios. The three scenarios had varying sensor reliability levels (low, medium, high) to gauge the impact of uncertainty on the usefulness of each checklist tool. The human performance experiment showed that the addition of error likelihood data using an intuitive visualization through the GUIDER Probabilistic Checklist improved error resolution in uncertain settings. In settings with high certainty, there was no difference found between the performances of the two checklists. While positive, further testing is required in more realistic settings to validate both the effectiveness of the GUIDER Probabilistic Checklist tool and the Checklist Attribute Model.
by Jacqueline M. Tappan.
S.M.

A identificação precoce de crianças com comprometimentos nos processos de aquisição e/ou desenvolvimento da linguagem oral é positiva e fundamental. Profissionais que participam do desenvolvimento da criança (no âmbito da saúde e educação) desempenham um papel importante nesse contexto. Este estudo buscou verificar as condutas de profissionais das áreas da saúde e educação frente a crianças que apresentem fatores de risco para desenvolver alterações de linguagem ou que já apresentem sinais dessas alterações; e identificar instrumentos ou procedimentos específicos que esses profissionais utilizam em suas práticas para a identificação dessas crianças. Foi elaborado um questionário especificamente para o estudo, que foi disponibilizado de forma on-line aos participantes. O link de acesso ao questionário foi publicado em um site institucional e também divulgado em listas de contato eletrônico. Não houve possibilidade de se estabelecer o número de participantes deste estudo, uma vez que o acesso ao questionário era livre e irrestrito e por ter sido difundido via Web. Cada um dos questionários respondidos foi analisado e as informações fornecidas foram tabuladas para que as respostas fossem agrupadas e os resultados apresentados de maneira descritiva. Cento e oitenta e sete profissionais, entre eles: Fonoaudiólogos, Professores, Enfermeiros, Médicos, Psicólogos, Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, Técnicos em Enfermagem, Fisioterapeutas, Dentistas, Nutricionista, Assistentes Sociais, Biólogo s Terapeuta Ocupacional, responderam o questionário. Ao receberem queixas dos pais em relação a uma possível alteração no desenvolvimento de linguagem da criança, 55,6% dos profissionais respondeu que encaminha a criança para um fonoaudiólogo. Quanto aos fatores de risco relacionados ao desenvolvimento de fala-linguagem da criança, a pouca estimulação foi o mais citado pelos participantes. Em relação à identificação desses fatores de risco no histórico da criança, 75,4% relatou que os identifica por meio de anamnese, 19,3% dos profissionais não identificam esses fatores em sua prática profissional e 5,3% utilizam protocolo específico. Quanto à conduta adotada quando a criança apresenta em seu histórico fatores de risco para desenvolver alterações de linguagem, 54,5% dos participantes não respondeu a pergunta, dos que respondeu, a maioria referiu que realiza encaminhamento para um fonoaudiólogo. Concluiu-se que profissionais da saúde e educação que identificam fatores de risco para linguagem em suas práticas profissionais o fazem por meio de anamnese. Diante da presença desses fatores, as crianças são encaminhadas a um fonoaudiólogo, que é o profissional legalmente habilitado para avaliar e reabilitar as alterações na aquisição e desenvolvimento da linguagem.
Early identification of impairments in a childs oral language acquisition and/or developmental process is positive and fundamental. Professionals who are part of the childs development (in the range of health and education) have an important role in this context. This study aimed to verify the conducts of health and education professionals when facing children with language development disorder or who have risk factors of developing it, also, to identify specific instruments and procedures used by the professionals to recognize these children. A questionnaire elaborated specially for the study was available online in an institutional website and through a list of e-mail contacts, so the participants could easily access them. It was not possible to establish a participant number for this study as the questionnaires could be accessed freely in the web. Each of the filled in questionnaires were analyzed and the provided information tabulated, so the answers could be grouped and results presented descriptively. One hundred eighty seven professionals answered the questionnaire, among themwere: Speech Language Pathologists, Teachers, Nurses, Medical Doctors, Psychologists, Community Health Workers, Nursing Technicians, Physical Therapists, Dentists, Nutritionists, Social Workers, Biologists and Occupational Therapists. When receiving a parent / caregiver complain regarding a childs language development, 55,6% of the professionals claimed torefer the child to a Speech Language Pathologist. As for the risk factors related to speech and language development, little stimulation was the most quoted by participants. Regarding the identification of risk factors in childs history, 75,4% reported identifying it within anamnesis, 19,3% did not identify these factors during their professional practice and 5,3% use a specific protocol. As for the conduct adopted when a risk factor for language development disorder is identified in a childrens history, 54,5% did not answer the question, most of the participants who did answer it, claimed to refer the child to a Speech Language Pathologist. It was concluded that health and education professionals whom identify language disorders in their professional practice do it through anamnesis. While facing these factors the common conduct is to refer these children to a speech language pathologist, which is the legally qualified professional to evaluate and rehabilitate language acquisition and developmental disorders.

Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações)-Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2011.
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O Transtorno Autista é um dos Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento especificados no DSM-IV-TR. Suas principais características são a ausência ou pouco desenvolvimento da interação social e comunicação; e comportamentos, interesses e habilidades restritos, repetitivos e estereotipados. Seus sintomas podem ser observados cedo na vida de uma criança e, caso não sejam identificados precocemente, podem prejudicar seu desenvolvimento. A atenção compartilhada, o contato de olhar e a capacidade de apontar para objetos para compartilhar interesse são relatados pela literatura nacional e internacional como indicadores precoces de Transtorno Autista. No Brasil há somente dois instrumentos de triagem traduzidos e ambos a espera de validação. O objetivo do presente estudo é buscar evidências de validade do instrumento de triagem M-CHAT para uma amostra brasileira. Esse instrumento de fácil apuração é composto por 23 itens com escala dicotômica do tipo sim/não e pode ser respondido por pais ou responsáveis de crianças entre 18 e 24 meses. Para que a pesquisa pudesse considerar amostras acima da faixa de idade de 18 a 24 meses, o instrumento, originalmente elaborado no tempo verbal do presente para a faixa de 18 a 24 meses, foi transformado para o tempo verbal do passado e aplicado com texto no presente em pais de crianças entre 18 e 24 meses de idade e no passado em pais de crianças acima de 24 meses. Ao final a amostra totalizou 303 respondentes. A análise dos Componentes Principais sugeriu um componente com 20 itens. Os itens com maiores cargas fatoriais referiram-se à atenção compartilhada. O componente apresentou consistência interna de 0,95. Calcularam-se a sensitividade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) para os critérios de corte do instrumento original e para os seis itens com maiores cargas fatoriais. O escore de seis itens com maiores cargas fatoriais apresentou sensitividade de 0,94, especificidade de 0,91, VPP de 0,86 e VPN de 0,97. O M-CHAT demonstrou diferenciar crianças com suspeita de Transtorno Autista de crianças típicas. Sugere-se a replicação do estudo considerando parâmetros ideais de validação de instrumentos de triagem. Espera-se que a adaptação brasileira do M-CHAT tenha sido uma contribuição valiosa considerando a ausência de instrumentos de triagem com evidências de validade no Brasil. __________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Autistic Disorder is one of the Global Development Disorders specified in DSM-IV-TR. Main features of Autistic Disorder are the absence or poor development of social interaction and communication; and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped behavior, interests, and skills. Symptoms can be observed early in the life of a child and, if not prematurely identified, this disorder can hamper his/her development. Joint attention, eye contact, and ability to point to objects to share interest are reported by national and international literature as early indicators of Autistic Disorder. In Brazil there are only two screening instruments, which were only translated, both waiting for validation. The aim of this study is to look for evidence of validity of the M-CHAT screening tool for Brazil. This easy handling instrument consists of 23 dichotomic items, such as yes/no, which can be answered by parents or tutors of children between 18 and 24 months old. In order to take into account samples above the age group of 18 to 24 months, the instrument, originally developed in present tense for the range of 18 to 24 months, was transformed to past tense; it was applied in the present tense to parents of children between 18 and 24 months of age and in past tense to parents of children over 24 months. Sample totalized 303 respondents. Principal Components analysis suggested one component with 20 items. Items with greater loadings referred to the joint attention. The component showed internal consistency of Cronbach of 0.95. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative (NPV) were calculated to determine a criteria cut for the original instrument, as well as for the six items with greater factor loadings. The score of the six items with greater factor loadings showed sensitivity of 0.94, specificity of 0.91, PPV of 0.86, and NPV of 0.97. M-CHAT showed to differentiate children suspected of having Autistic Disorder from normal children. It is suggested to replicate the study in order to determine ideal validation parameters of screening instruments. It is expected that the Brazilian adaptation of M-CHAT would be a valuable contribution since there is a lack of screening tools with evidence of validity in Brazil.

Adolescence is one the most challenging stages for a person with Type 1diabetes. Despite the significant importance of tailoring healthcare services to adolescents? unique needs including their rapid psychosocial growth and development, high quality adolescent healthcare services are not universal in the United States. The current system of health services is ill suited for providing the proper mix of clinical and preventative services to youth. According to the Consensus Statement on Health Care Transition for Young Adults with Special Health Care Needs, ?each year more than half a million children with disabilities and chronic illness transition from adolescence into adulthood?. In response to the need for transition care the National Diabetes Education Program transition-planning checklist was adapted and implemented for use with youth ages 16-22 years in a primary care clinical practice to provide a more structured process in healthcare transition planning for providers and patients. The project took place at Sanford Health children?s diabetes department in Fargo, North Dakota from July 2015 through December 2015. The checklist was used by healthcare providers to introduce the concept of transition and topics important to successful transition in the future. After implementation, use of the tool with qualified patients and evaluation of provider feedback about the checklist was used to improve utility of the evidence-based checklist in practice application for future use. Across six months of implementation, 25% of all eligible youth with Type 1 diabetes seen were presented the transition-planning checklist. The providers agreed the transition-planning checklist incorporated good structure and content. All providers desired to continue to use the checklist in the future to provide transition-planning care to youth with Type 1 diabetes. Providing holistic care for youth with Type 1 diabetes is important for successful transition to adult care services. Implementing a transition ?planning checklist in the children?s diabetes department was found to be helpful and well received despite limited use (25% of eligible patients). Future efforts should be made to extend the project to be more inclusive of all areas needed for successful transition.

Mestrado em Ciências da Fala e da Audição
Introdução: Uma das principais sequelas dos danos cerebrais resultantes de um AVC é a afasia. Em Portugal, o AVC é o dano cerebral que provoca maior incapacidade na população idosa, tornando-se, essencial que haja um melhoramento da prestação de cuidados de saúde a estes indivíduos. A participação em atividades do quotidiano pode estar comprometida nestes indivíduos devido à existência de Barreiras, que são de interesse conhecer e identificar. Objetivos: Este trabalho pretende realizar parte do processo de validação do instrumento de avaliação “Barriers and Facilitators Checklist “ (BFC) e do seu Manual de Aplicação, identificando quais as principais barreiras e facilitadores identificados pelas pessoas com afasia durante a sua participação. Metodologia: O Manual de Aplicação do BFC foi avaliado por um painel de peritos, de forma a avaliar a sua validade de conteúdo. Pretende-se também avaliar a fiabilidade inter e intra avaliadores do BFC. Para tal, o BFC foi aplicado e filmado por um avaliador, em dois momentos de avaliação, a 14 pessoas com afasia que reuniam os critérios de inclusão, após a aplicação da Bateria de Avaliação da Afasia de Lisboa. Um segundo avaliador analisou os vídeos recolhidos em ambos os momentos. Resultados: No Manual, de todas as dimensões avaliadas, apenas a da Relevância apresentou um valor de Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) excelente (IVC= 0.98). As restantes dimensões apresentaram valores elevados (IVC= 0.75 e IVC= 0.76), no entanto, ligeiramente abaixo do limiar considerado como desejável (IVC= 0.78). A concordância entre os peritos, em todas as dimensões apresentou um valor de Kappa de Fleiss superior a 0.70, considerado como elevado. Relativamente à fiabilidade intra-avaliador o Kappa de Fleiss e a percentagem de concordância médios foram de 0.68 e 79%, respetivamente o que permite concluir que o instrumento não apresenta uma fiabilidade intra-avaliador muito elevada. Em termos de fiabilidade inter-avaliador, esta revelou ser elevada já que se observou uma boa concordância entre os avaliadores em ambos os momentos avaliados, com valor de Kappa de Fleiss médio de 0.95 e percentagem de concordância média de 97%. Conclusão: O Manual do BFC revela uma excelente concordância entre avaliadores, com valores de kappa de Fleiss elevados. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que o BFC apresenta uma boa validade de conteúdo. O instrumento apresenta uma boa fiabilidade inter-avaliador mas o mesmo não acontece com a fiabilidade intra-observador.
Background: One of the most common consequences of brain injury after stroke is aphasia. Stroke is first cause of disability in the elderly population in Portugal. It is therefore essential to improve the health care programs for these individuals. The participation in daily life activities by these individuals is compromised due to Barriers that need to be identified. Aims: This work aims to perform part of the validation process of the assessment tool Barriers and Facilitators Checklist (BFC) and his Manual. The barriers and facilitators of people with aphasia during their community participation (social communication) will also be identified. Method: The Manual was analysed by 8 speech and language therapists in order to estimate its content validity. The use of the BFC was filmed as it was applied at two different moments in time by one person to 14 people with aphasia that met specific the inclusion criteria, and after the use of the “Bateria de Avaliação de Afasia de Lisboa”. A second person analysed the videos from both instances in time. Results: Of all analysed dimensions in the Manual, only the Relevance showed a good Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.98. The remaining dimensions presented high values (CVI = 0.75 and CVI = 0.76), but below what is usually considered acceptable (CVI = 0.78). The agreement between the judges, in all of the dimensions showed a Fleiss’ Kappa of 0.70, which is considered high. In terms of intra-judges reliability Fleiss’ Kappa and the average agreement percentage were 0.68 and 79% respectively, which revealed there is instrument does not present a particularly high intra-judges reliability. The inter-judges reliability was high, since there was a great agreement between judges at the two moments, with an average Fleiss’ Kappa of 0.95 and an average percentage of agreement of 97%. Conclusions: Analysis of results showed that the BFC Manual presented a great agreement between judges, with high Fleiss’ Kappa values. These results revealed the BFC presents high content validity. The instrument presents a higher inter-judge reliability than the intra-judge reliability.

This study’s aim was to explore face, content, concurrent validity and psychometric properties of the Swedish Child Dissociative Checklist (CDC) as well as and to provide guidelines towards validation. The CDC is used in Sweden when dissociation is highly probable, and validation could motivate wider use. Qualitative data was gathered from psychologists-in-training (N = 4) clinical psychologists (N = 5) and parents (N = 23) through a focus group, interviews and questionnaires, respectively. Quantitative data using the CDC and items from the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) was obtained from parents. Results suggest good face, content and convergent validity. Factor analysis provides suggestions for future investigations into quantitative validation. Guidelines when validating is revising certain items, investigating the possibility of developing two versions of the CDC, utilizing an adequate sample size as well as assessment with a clinical group.
Studiens syfte var att undersöka face, innehålls- och konvergent validitet samt psykometriska egenskaper hos den svenska versionen av Child Dissociative Checklist (CDC), samt utforma riktlinjer för validering. I Sverige har CDC använts vid hög närvaro av dissociativa symptom, och validering kan motivera bredare användning. Kvalitativ data samlades in från psykologstudenter (N = 4), kliniska psykologer (N = 5) och föräldrar (N = 23) genom fokusgrupp, intervjuer respektive frågeformulär. Kvantitativa data erhölls från föräldrar med CDC och items från Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Resultaten tyder på god face, innehålls- och konvergent validitet. Faktoranalys bidrar med förslag på framtida tillvägagångssätt för kvantitativ validering. Riktlinjer vid validering är revidering av vissa items, utforskning av möjligheten att utveckla två versioner av CDC, tillgång till ett stort sample samt jämförelse med en klinisk grupp.

Abstract BACKGROUND: The PTSD Checklist-civilian (PCL-C) is one of the most commonly used self-report measures of PTSD symptoms, however, little is known about its validity when used in pregnancy. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the PCL-C as a screen for detecting PTSD symptoms among pregnant women. METHODS: A total of 3372 pregnant women who attended their first prenatal care visit in Lima, Peru participated in the study. We assessed the reliability of the PCL-C items using Cronbach's alpha. Criterion validity and performance characteristics of PCL-C were assessed against an independent, blinded Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) interview using measures of sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. We tested construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic approaches. RESULTS: The reliability of the PCL-C was excellent (Cronbach's alpha =0.90). ROC analysis showed that a cut-off score of 26 offered optimal discriminatory power, with a sensitivity of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92) and a specificity of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.62-0.65). The area under the ROC curve was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.78). A three-factor solution was extracted using exploratory factor analysis and was further complemented with three other models using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In a CFA, a three-factor model based on DSM-IV symptom structure had reasonable fit statistics with comparative fit index of 0.86 and root mean square error of approximation of 0.09. CONCLUSION: The Spanish-language version of the PCL-C may be used as a screening tool for pregnant women. The PCL-C has good reliability, criterion validity and factorial validity. The optimal cut-off score obtained by maximizing the sensitivity and specificity should be considered cautiously; women who screened positive may require further investigation to confirm PTSD diagnosis.
Revisión por pares

碩士
國立臺北護理健康大學
聽語障礙科學研究所
101
The purpose of study is to collect references and modify Bureau of Health Promotion Children Language Screening Test, and made of Preschooler Language Checklist. Researcher analyzed its reliability, validity, and screening accuracy. Hope clinicians could use this checklist to screen children with high risk of language development delay, and refer to professional to confirm. In the study, researcher recruited 107 4-year-old children and their parents. Parents have to fill out Preschooler Language Checklist, and children need to accept test of Modified Preschooler Language Scale. After we collect data, researcher analyzed reliability, validity, and screening accuracy. For analysis of reliability, researcher analyzed α reliability. For analysis of validity, researcher analyzed content validity and criterion-prediction validation. For analysis of screening accuracy, researcher analyzed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and hit rate. Finally, researcher analyzed area under the curve(AUC) and decide the best cut-off score. The results data: (1)internal consistency reliability: α reliability coefficient .71, (2)criterion-prediction validity: .20、.61、.55, (3)cut-off score: 18, AUC: .87, (4)Sensitivity: .88, specificity: .91, positive predictive value: .40, negative predictive value: .99, hit rate: .90. In conclusion, preschooler language checklist include good reliability, validity, and accuracy of screening. It also could screen children of high risk language development delay.

碩士
國立交通大學
工業工程與管理學系
101
Nurses through the handoff of correctly and completely to convey patients’ information is an important part of patients’ safety care, and it also responsibilities and obligations of nurses. When the off-going nurses failed to complete statements of shift matters and bring about errors or omissions. On-coming need to re-read the related or ask information .Not only affects performance of the nurses, patients’ safety, and patients may expose to the environment of potential threats that may occur, even may serious medical disputes. How to improve nursing shift performance is the important issue. Analyzing method including ethnography , task analysis , cognitive task analysis and commutation analysis. This study then proposes new design concepts prototype. The interactive development of nurse shift checklist .The nurses with a prototype for users to assess and further amendments to the prototype, to improve the nursing shift performance of nurses, and for nurses to share the mental model and to quickly grasp the condition of patients. Interactive checklist could provide the patients’ care continuous and safety.

碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
97
Civil engineering structures traditionally are designed and constructed to encompass function and safety, but aesthetic aspects are becoming required nowadays. Civil engineers lack the aesthetics stage to display their products that are usually embedded and hardly seen by people. For example, the foundation is not seen and the building out looking is designed by the architect. The bridge structure, however, is the limited product that can display force and beauty and the design is guided by civil engineers. But engineers lack the training in incorporating aesthetic elements into design. This research explores how to add aesthetic considerations into bridge design and establishes a checklist for it. Relative references such as bridge, aesthetics, and art were reviewed first to establish an esthetics framework for bridge design. The framework is presented by a three dimensional coordinate. In addition to the traditional design goals of function, safety, and economy, the bridge/place integration and the structural form principles were added. The aesthetic checklist for bridge design was developed based on this framework. Engineers and architects who have bridge design experiences were interviewed to explore the differences in their design considerations. A case study was lastly conducted on two bridges to analyze the checklist’s effect. The derived checklist and its check items or rules will not guarantee a beautiful bridge. Instead, they can be used as a tool or guidance by engineers when facing aesthetics issues in bridge design. It is hoped the checklist will bridge the gap between the engineering and aesthetic aspects.

O suporte nutricional de pacientes em unidades de terapia intensiva é considerado um desafio pela Sociedade Americana de Nutrição Parenteral e Enteral, por isso é necessária a elaboração de recomendações que possam uniformizar essa prática. A padronização dos procedimentos por meio de protocolos, reduz o erro humano e garante a homogeneidade da prática. Os indicadores de gestão exprimem em números o desempenho da Equipe Multiprofissional de Terapia Nutricional (EMTN), permitindo ações corretivas posteriores. O objetivo geral dessa pesquisa foi elaborar e implementar uma checklist nutricional numa Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) para uniformizar condutas entre os profissionais envolvidos na assistência ao paciente. Os objetivos específicos foram: Aplicar a checklist nutricional e verificar as não conformidades; Fornecer parâmetros de monitorização em terapia nutricional; Realizar associações das variáveis da amostra e das intercorrências com o risco nutricional. Trata-se de um estudo observacional e prospectivo, que foi realizado na Unidade de Terapia intensiva do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, com 80 pacientes, no período de Abril a Maio de 2018. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi elaborada e aplicada uma checklist nutricional com 20 perguntas estruturadas, em 4 dias de aplicação, onde foram gerados 20 indicadores de qualidade em terapia nutricional. Foi caracterizada a amostra com as seguintes variáveis: gênero, faixa etária, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Gasto Energético Total (GET), Recomendação Proteica (PTN), via de administração e triagem nutricional. Foram realizadas associações dessas variáveis com risco nutricional. Além destas, foram associadas também intercorrências como: vômitos, diarreia, constipação intestinal, resíduo gástrico elevado, distensão abdominal e hiperglicemia, com significância (p<0,05) para IMC, GET, PTN e via de administração. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o programa “Statistical Package for Social Science” (SPSS versão 20,0, II, E.U.A.). A pesquisa seguiu os termos da Resolução Nº 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. A pesquisa teve como benefício a elaboração e a implementação de uma checklist nutricional na referida UTI e o fornecimento de parâmetros de monitorização em terapia nutricional. Financiamento próprio.

碩士
國立嘉義大學
特殊教育學系研究所
97
This study aims to develop a review checklist based on the concept of universal design for assessments for general education teachers to take into account while designing achievement assessments. Two stages were used in this study. In the first stage, nine experts participated in a Delphi survey to evaluate the items of checklist. Through three rounds of questionnaire, the nine experts reached the consistency and stable opinions. The results showed that the checklist consisted of five categories and twenty-three descriptors, including five descriptors in the content relevance, three descriptors in respect the diversity of assessment taker, eight descriptors in concise and readable text, five descriptors in clear visual content, and two descriptors in considerations of change diagram to text. In the second stage, in order to examine the usefulness of the checklist, nine science teachers used the checklist developed in the first stage to review four questions. The results of the field test showed that the checklist is applicable to examine the quality of the questions. Finally, the researcher provided some suggestions as reference for using the checklist and future research based on the research findings.

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
運籌管理系企業管理碩士班
105
With the competition of the 21st century, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have become a common way for enterprises to pursue growth. The global economic growth slowed sharply in 2015, therefore industries have been seeking growth opportunities and initiating block trades. Taiwanese companies have also been engaging in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) recently, technology industries and the financial industry being examples. However, according to the historical data, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions overall are estimated to only have 30-50% chance of success which have caused many enterprises to pay tremendous prices. Due to limited resources and markets, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are apparently attractive to enterprises, yet ‘how to make it succeed’ is still a challenge. This research first concluded from the literature the factors of strategic planning and procedure as the causes of success or failure of enterprise mergers and acquisitions (M&A) from the literature. Second, in-depth interviews with business executives were concucted discussing the usefulness of the checklist and appropriate correction were made. Lastly, the case study was made to the checklist to understand the reasons for M&A failures. This study mainly focuses on the Establishing Mergers and Acquisitions Strategic Planning Checklist. This Checklist could possibly help company detection of problems at the earliest possible time to lower the failure rate, thus achieving the competitive advantage. The result shows that the cross-border mergers and acquisitions usually overlook cultural differences, having difficulty for staff management and overestimating the brand value. Furthermore, it might not schedule the time well. These are the factors of failure. As a result, the checklist is necessary to be checked step by step to avoid failure. In order to provide suggestions for enterprises which would like to take action in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), this study mainly concentrates on analyzing and discussing how to expand the market and strengthen competitiveness.

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災技術研究所
87
In the chemical grouting, many factors such as complexity of soils, properties of grouts, penetrability of grouts in the stratum and groundwater will have impact on the grouting design. As a result, the design of chemical grouting will rely more on the experience. This uncertainty causes many unexpected results during field work and may not meet the original design requirement. The effectiveness of chemical grouting will remain doubt to many engineers. The study will first review the chemical grouting technology in the past, and then the checklist for design and operation of chemical grouting will be attempted. This study will serve as a basis for furture research work along the line. This thesis is divided into three sections. First, the property of chemical grouting, such as cement, sodium silicate and polymer is reviewed in details. Second, the study also review the grouting design including field investigation, selection of grouting materials and methods, quantity of the grout, layout of the grouting, the range of grouting pressure and the flow discharge of grout. In addition, the relationship between pressure and flow, and environmental management are also studied. The procedures of the design and operation are analyzed to reform into checklists for the application in industry. Last, the verification of the effectiveness for chemical grouting is discussed.