Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cheetah – South Africa – Little Karoo / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cheetah – South Africa – Little Karoo.

Journal articles on the topic 'Cheetah – South Africa – Little Karoo'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 46 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Cheetah – South Africa – Little Karoo.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Hulley, I. M., B. E. Van Wyk, and A. L. Schutte-Vlok. "Medicinal ethnobotany of the Little Karoo, South Africa." South African Journal of Botany 98 (May 2015): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2015.03.049.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Duncan, G. D. "Five new species of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of Namibia and South Africa." Bothalia 27, no. 1 (October 7, 1997): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i1.648.

Full text

Abstract:

Five new species of Lachenalia are described: L. aurioliae G.D.Duncan from the Little Karoo and Great Karoo, L. obscura Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan from Namaqualand, the Kamiesberg, the western Great Karoo and the Little Karoo, L. inconspicua G.D.Duncan from the Kamiesberg, western Bushmanland and southern Namaqualand, L. marlothii W.F.Barkerex G.D.Duncan from the Calvinia-Sutherland region of the western Great Karoo, and L. xerophila Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan from northwesternand central Namaqualand, and western Bushmanland.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Duncan, G. "Five new species of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of Namibia and South Africa." Bothalia 28, no. 2 (October 6, 1998): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i2.630.

Full text

Abstract:

Five new species of Lachenalia are described: L. nutans G.D.Duncan from southwestern Namibia, L. attenuata W.F.Barker ex G.D Duncan from the Roggeveld Plateau. Little Karoo and southern Cape; L doleritica G.D.Duncan from the Bokkeveld Plateau; L lactosa G.D.Duncan from the Lowland Fvnbos of the Hermanus District, and L leipoldtii G D Duncan from the Olifants River Valley and Little Karoo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

EGOH, BENIS N., BELINDA REYERS, JOSIE CARWARDINE, MICHAEL BODE, PATRICK J. O'FARRELL, KERRIE A. WILSON, HUGH P. POSSINGHAM, et al. "Safeguarding Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the Little Karoo, South Africa." Conservation Biology 24, no. 4 (February 4, 2010): 1021–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01442.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Hulley, M., BE van Wyk, and AL Schutte-Vlok. "Traditional medicine of the Little Karoo, Western Cape Province, South Africa." Planta Medica 81, S 01 (December 14, 2016): S1—S381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1596477.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Schmiedel, Ute, and Ladislav Mucina. "Vegetation of quartz fields in the Little Karoo, Tanqua Karoo and eastern Overberg (Western Cape Province, South Africa)." Phytocoenologia 36, no. 1 (March 20, 2006): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0340-269x/2006/0036-0001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Duncan, G. D. "Four new species and one new subspecies of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of South Africa." Bothalia 26, no. 1 (October 8, 1996): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v26i1.682.

Full text

Abstract:

Four new species of Lachenalia are described: L. karooica W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan from the Great Karoo and southwestern Free State, L. perryae G.D.Duncan from the Little Karoo and southern Cape, as well as L neilii W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan and L. alba W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan, both from the Nieuwoudtville-Calvinia District of the Northern Cape. In addition, a newsubspecies, L. marginata W.F.Barker subsp. neglecta Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan is described from the Western Cape.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hulley, I. M., B. E. Van Wyk, and A. L. Schutte-Vlok. "A comprehensive study of the medicinal ethnobotany of the Little Karoo, South Africa." South African Journal of Botany 109 (March 2017): 337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.01.066.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

MAGOSWANA, SIMON Luvo, Anthony Richard Magee, ANNE LISE SCHUTTE-VLOK, and JAN VLOK. "Hymenolepis glabra (Anthemideae, Asteraceae), a new species from the Little Karoo (South Africa)." Phytotaxa 230, no. 2 (October 8, 2015): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.2.6.

Full text

Abstract:

Hymenolepis glabra Magoswana & Magee (Asteraceae, tribe Anthemideae) is a new species from the Little Karoo, within the Greater Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, bringing the number of recognised species in the genus to nine. The species shares the glabrous involucre and open, doubly compound corymbs with H. crithmifolia and H. indivisa but is distinguished by the erect to suberect, 2- or 3-sect leaves, entire towards the synflorescence, and the complete lack of vestiture. The new species is described, and the existing key to the species is updated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Mucina, L., and D. A. Snijman. "Maireana brevifolia (Chenopodiaceae: Camphorosmeae), a new naturalized alien plant species in South Africa." Bothalia 41, no. 2 (December 17, 2011): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v41i2.55.

Full text

Abstract:

We describe and discuss the distribution of a new, naturalized alien species, Maireana brevifolia (R.Br.) Paul G.Wilson (Chenopodiaceae), a native of Australia, in the western regions of South Africa. First discovered near Worcester, Western Cape in 1976, the species is now established in disturbed karoo shrubby rangelands, along dirt roads and on saline alluvia, from northern Namaqualand to the western Little Karoo. In the South African flora, M. brevifolia is most easily confused with the indigenous Bassia salsoloides (Fenzl) A.J.Scott, from which it is distinguished by the flat to cup-shaped and almost glabrous perianth with woolly-ciliate lobes, and the hardened and winged fruiting perianth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Hulley, I. M., and B. E. Van Wyk. "Quantitative medicinal ethnobotany of Kannaland (western Little Karoo, South Africa): Non-homogeneity amongst villages." South African Journal of Botany 122 (May 2019): 225–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.03.014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Oliver, E. G. H., and Inge M. Oliver. "Studies in the Ericoideae (Ericaceae). VIII. New species in Erica, section Pseuderemia, from southern Africa." Bothalia 21, no. 2 (October 15, 1991): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v21i2.873.

Full text

Abstract:

Three new species are described in the genus Erica L.: E abbottii E.G.H Oliver, endemic to the South Coast of Natal and neighbouring Transkei. E. swaziensis E.G.H Oliver, a Swaziland endemic, and E. ingeana E.G.H Oliver which is confined to the high mountains in the eastern Little Karoo of the Cape Province.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Malan, Gerard. "Nest site selection of the Southern Pale Chanting Goshawk in the Little Karoo, South Africa." Ostrich 77, no. 3-4 (November 2006): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/00306520609485522.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Markee, Amanda, and Torsten Dikow. "Taxonomic revision of the assassin-fly genus Microphontes Londt, 1994 (Insecta, Diptera, Asilidae)." African Invertebrates 59, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 195–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.59.30684.

Full text

Abstract:

The genus Microphontes Londt, 1994 (Diptera: Asilidae: Brachyrhopalinae) is revised. Currently, three species are known from Namibia and western South Africa, i.e. Microphontesmegoura Londt, 1994 from north-western South Africa, Microphontessafra Londt, 1994 from Namibia and Microphonteswhittingtoni Londt, 1994 from western South Africa. Four new species, Microphontesericfisherisp. n. from the Little Karoo of South Africa, Microphontesgaiophanessp. n. from the Namib desert of Namibia and Microphontesjasonlondtisp. n. and Microphonteskryphiossp. n. from western South Africa, are described. Distribution, occurrence in biodiversity hotspots sensu Conservation International and seasonal incidence are discussed. Descriptions/redescriptions, photographs and identification keys are provided and made openly accessible in data repositories to support future studies of the included taxa. An unusual flight pattern of male Microphontesgaiophanessp. n. is discussed. A unique morphological feature on tergite 8 of Microphontes females, termed postero-paramedian T8 pores, is described, illustrated and discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Bredenkamp, C. L., and A. E. van Wyk. "Passerina quadrifaria (Thymelaeaceae): a new species from the southern Cape and Little Karoo in South Africa." South African Journal of Botany 68, no. 3 (September 2002): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30390-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

PAYET, KARINE, MATHIEU ROUGET, KAREN J. ESLER, BELINDA Reyers, TONY REBELO, MARK W. THOMPSON, and JAN H. J. VLOK. "Effect of Land Cover and Ecosystem Mapping on Ecosystem-Risk Assessment in the Little Karoo, South Africa." Conservation Biology 27, no. 3 (May 20, 2013): 531–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12065.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Gomo, Modreck, and Danie Vermeulen. "A transboundary aquifer of potential concern in Southern Africa." Water Policy 19, no. 6 (August 28, 2017): 1160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.049.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Tuli Karoo transboundary aquifer (TBA) is shared between Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The TBA provides groundwater resources for various economic activities. Irrespective of the value offered by this TBA, there is very little research that has been conducted to improve understanding of the physical system and potential cross-border impacts that can result from exploitation of the aquifer. In the wake of this limited research, this paper uses theoretical background and conceptual understanding to highlight some of the activities that have the potential to cause conflicts within the TBA. This article presents and discusses the current hydrogeological conceptual understanding of the Tuli Karoo TBA system, social and economic activities and their potential impacts on the TBA. Based on the discussions of various scenarios, it can be argued that the potential for groundwater cross-border flow and impacts exist within the TBA. With the ever-increasing and competing demands for fresh water and unpredictable rainfall patterns in the region, the possibility of future conflicts cannot be ruled out. It is hoped that this study can assist in raising awareness about the need to address aspects of sustainable exploitation and management of the TBA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Wheeler, Anita, Andrew T. Knight, and Susanne Vetter. "Examining the evidence for ecologically sustainable ostrich breeding practices on natural veld in the Little Karoo, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 32, no. 4 (January 29, 2015): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2014.982708.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Goldblatt, P., and J. C. Manning. "Ixia nutans, a new species of Ixia sect. Morphixia (Iridaceae) from the western Little Karoo, Western Cape, South Africa." South African Journal of Botany 106 (September 2016): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2016.07.014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Lewis, Colin A. "Late Quaternary environmental phases in the Eastern Cape and adjacent Plettenberg Bay-Knysna region and Little Karoo, South Africa." Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 122, no. 1 (January 2011): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2010.06.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Gallo, John A., Lorena Pasquini, Belinda Reyers, and Richard M. Cowling. "The role of private conservation areas in biodiversity representation and target achievement within the Little Karoo region, South Africa." Biological Conservation 142, no. 2 (February 2009): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2008.10.025.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Van der Merwe, J., L. Bourne, and D. Marais. "An assessment of preliminary food-based dietary guidelines for infants 6–12 months of age in the Little Karoo area of the Western Cape Province of South Africa." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 9 (September 2007): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007249742.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess mother's/caregiver's understanding, practical application and cultural acceptability of a preliminary set of South African food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) for children aged 6–12 months living in the Little Karoo area of the Western Cape Province.DesignAn observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study design was followed. Focus group interviews, recorded on videotape, were analysed for qualitative data. Quantitative questionnaires measured knowledge and comprehension of guidelines, perceived constraints to compliance with and importance of guidelines as well as socio demographic data prior to the focus group interviews.SettingAfrikaans-, English- and Xhosa-speaking communities of the Little Karoo area of the Western Cape Province of South Africa, including the urban areas of Oudtshoorn, Bongulethu, Bridgton, Toekomsrus and the adjacent rural areas of Dysselsdorp, Calitzdorp, Uniondale, Ladismith and Zoar.SubjectsSixty-four mothers or caregivers to infants 6–12 months of age were included in the sample.ResultsInformation obtained through the questionnaires supported what was said during discussions. Although perceived as important by the majority of respondents, some of the guidelines were not well understood without prior explanation. Such guidelines were those pertaining to meal frequency and cup feeding, while application of the guideline to prolonged breast-feeding seemed the most problematic.ConclusionsThe FBDGs for this age group will have to be supported by extensive and appropriate educational material to be effective when introduced to the public. The fact that the applicability of the guideline to prolonged breast-feeding seemed to be the most problematic is a cause for concern.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Hoffman, M. T., C. F. Madden, K. Erasmus, N. Saayman, and J. C. Botha. "The impact of indigenous ungulate herbivory over five years (2004–2008) on the vegetation of the Little Karoo, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 26, no. 3 (December 2009): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajrf.2009.26.3.8.953.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Oliver, E. G. H., and I. M. Oliver. "Six new species and one new subspecies of Erica (Ericaceae) from Western Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 32, no. 2 (September 12, 2002): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v32i2.480.

Full text

Abstract:

Two new species and one new subspecies belonging in §Ceramia of the genus Erica L. are described from the western half of the province—E. cavartica known from a single collection growing in a cave in the Cederberg. E. amalophylla confined to a shaded rocky overhang and known only from a single collection in the Porterville Mountains and E. cymosa subsp. grandiflora occurring in the mountains between Ceres and Worcester. Four new species are described from mountains in the Little Karoo area—E. schelpeorum occurring widespread mostly in dry watercourses in arid vegetation at low altitudes, E. lithophila found only in dry rock crevices at high altitude in the eastern Swartberg and Kammanassie Mountains, E. umbratica confined to shaded rocky habitats and known only from a few. very localized small populations at low altitude in Meiringspoort, and E. annalis restricted to the arid habitats on lower northern slopes of Kammanassie Mountains. Each is provided with a detailed drawing and a distribution map.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Van der Merwe, Louwrens, Melville Saayman, and Andrea Saayman. "The socio-economic impact of the Klein Karoo National Arts Festival (KKNK)." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2009): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v3i1.347.

Full text

Abstract:

Events and festivals are hosted with the expectation that they hold many benefits for the host communities. These benefits include employment, income generation, and increasing tourist numbers, thereby improving the quality of life of the host community. However, little is known about the socio-economic impact of arts festivals, especially in the South African context. Hence, the purpose of this article was to determine the socio-economic impact of the Klein Karoo National Arts Festival (KKNK) on the community of Oudtshoorn. This festival is the largest arts festival, both in terms of visitor numbers as well as income generation, in South Africa. In order to achieve the goal of the research, three surveys were conducted: firstly, a community survey; secondly, a business survey; and, finally, a visitor survey. The results indicate that the KKNK contributes significantly to the economy and community of Oudtshoorn. From a social point of view, however, the respondents indicated that the festival benefits the community more than the individual. To increase the positive socio-economic outcomes of the KKNK, the festival organisers have to focus on greater participation by, and communication with, all stakeholders, especially the local community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

McGranaghan, Mark. "The Death of the Agama Lizard: The Historical Significances of a Multi-authored Rock-art Site in the Northern Cape (South Africa)." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 26, no. 1 (September 18, 2015): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774315000372.

Full text

Abstract:

The ethnographic data of the Bleek-Lloyd archive pertaining to the ǀXam Bushmen (San) of the Karoo have been marshalled to great effect in developing understandings of Bushman rock art throughout southern Africa, with implications for archaeological interpretations of hunter-gatherer rock arts worldwide. Rock art from their homelands, however, has received comparatively little attention, and obvious historical content—which would tie the art to the socio-cultural milieu of the Bleek-Lloyd informants—has occasioned relatively little comment. This paper returns to one site (the Strandberg) known to have been a prominent feature in the cultural landscape of the ǀXam to explore the historical imagery present there, examining the ways in which this art demonstrates the ongoing vitality of certain aspects of ǀXam life in the face of the dramatic socio-cultural changes experienced by these groups from the nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. The paper investigates the range of potential authors for the art, and looks at the context of its production within the expansion of global markets, violent interactions and shifting subsistence options that characterized the late nineteenth-century Northern Cape.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Saayman, Nelmarie, Craig Morris, and Hannes Botha. "Livestock grazing has minimal effect on the species richness and diversity of semi-arid shrubland in the Western Little Karoo, South Africa." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 33, no. 4 (November 2016): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2016.1243581.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Chima, Priscilla, Christopher Baiyegunhi, Kuiwu Liu, and Oswald Gwavava. "Diagenesis and rock properties of sandstones from the Stormberg Group, Karoo Supergroup in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Open Geosciences 10, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 740–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2018-0059.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Diagenesis is one of the factors that affect reservoir quality in sandstones. Knowledge of diagenetic transformation and how it impacts the development of porosity in reservoirs rocks is thus key to successful mineral exploration. To date, little is known about the diagenesis of the uranium-hosted sandstones of the Stormberg Group, Karoo Basin, South Africa. Petrographic study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) aided with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were employed for the diagenetic study of the sandstones. This study aims to provide an account of the diagenesis of these rock units and how it impacts their reservoir quality. The diagenetic processes that have affected the sandstones are cementation, compaction, recrystallization, replacement, mineral overgrowth and dissolution. These processes have passed through early, late and uplift-related diagenesis. Formation of authigenic minerals and precipitation of the mineral cements occurred during different diagenetic phase but mostly during the early diagenetic stage. This stage was followed by lithification, which resulted in increased in grain packing, loss of pore spaces and thinning of bedding. Quartz and feldspar overgrowths, chloritization, muscovitization, concave-convex contacts, recrystallization, albitization and suture contacts are present in the late diagenetic stage. The uplift-related diagenetic stage was affected by calcitization, grain deformation and fracturing, dissolution and saussuritization. All these diagenetic processes largely affected the porosity and permeability of the sandstones. Primary and secondary porosities were both observed in the sandstones. In general, there is no single diagenetic process that is controlling the pattern of porosity evolution in the sandstones. On the other hand, the presence of fractured and dissolution pores tend to increase the porosity, thus enhancing the reservoir quality. This study shows that diagenesis has significantly altered the original petrologic characteristics of the sandstones which have induced considerable deterioration and heterogeneity in the reservoir quality of the Stormberg Group sandstones in the Main Karoo Basin of South Africa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Manuel B. Crespo, Anthony P. Dold, Michael Pinter, and Wolfgang Wetschnig. "Nicipe rosulata (Ornithogaloideae, Hyacinthaceae), a New Species from the Little Karoo in South Africa, with a New Combination in the Genus." Systematic Botany 39, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364414x682265.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

GASTALDO, ROBERT A., JOHANN NEVELING, JOHN W. GEISSMAN, and CINDY V. LOOY. "TESTING THE DAPTOCEPHALUS AND LYSTROSAURUS ASSEMBLAGE ZONES IN A LITHOSTRATOGRAPHIC, MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHIC, AND PALYNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK IN THE FREE STATE, SOUTH AFRICA." PALAIOS 34, no. 11 (November 4, 2019): 542–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2019.019.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The vertebrate-fossil record in the Karoo Basin has served as the accepted model for how terrestrial ecosystems responded to the end-Permian extinction event. A database of several hundred specimens, placed into generalized stratigraphies, has formed the basis of a step-wise extinction scenario interpreted by other workers as spanning the upper Daptocephalus (=Dicynodon) to Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zones (AZ). Seventy-three percent of specimens used to construct the published model originate from three farms in the Free State: Bethel, Heldenmoed, and Donald 207 (Fairydale). The current contribution empirically tests: (1) the stratigraphic resolution of the vertebrate record on these farms; (2) whether a sharp boundary exists that delimits the vertebrate assemblage zones in these classic localities; and (3) if the Lystrosaurus AZ is of early Triassic age. We have used a multi-disciplinary approach, combining lithostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, vertebrate biostratigraphy, and palynology, to test these long-held assumptions. Previously reported vertebrate-collection sites have been physically placed into a litho- and magnetostratigraphic framework on the Bethel and Heldenmoed farms. The reported assemblage-zone boundary is used as the datum against which the stratigraphic position of vertebrates is compared and a preliminary magnetostratigraphy constructed. We find specimens of the Daptocephalus AZ originate in the Lystrosaurus AZ (as currently defined) and vice versa, and discrepancies between reported and field-checked stratigraphic positions below or above the assemblage-zone boundary often exceed 30 m. Hence, the utility of the data set in defining a sharp or abrupt biozone boundary is questionable. We further demonstrate the presence of a stratigraphically thick reverse polarity magnetozone that encompasses the reported assemblage-zone boundary, implying that these rocks are not correlative with the end-Permian event, which is reported to lie in a normal polarity chron. A latest Permian age is supported by palynological data from the Lystrosaurus AZ on the Donald 207 (Fairydale) farm, with equivalence to Australian (APP602) and Eastern Cape Province assemblages. We conclude that the turnover from the Daptocephalus to Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zones is more protracted than envisioned, it is not coincident with the end-Permian event as recognized in the marine realm, and little evidence exists in support of a three-phased extinction model based on vertebrate assemblages in the Karoo Basin.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kurzweil, H., and P. Chesselet. "Studies in the genus Machairopliyllum (Mesembryanthemaceae), with notes on some related genera." Bothalia 33, no. 1 (September 12, 2003): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v33i1.430.

Full text

Abstract:

Machairophyllum Schwantes is a small genus of the family Mesembry anthemaceae. confined to the southern part of central South Africa from the Little Karoo at Barrydale in the west to the Zuurberg near Kirkwood in the east. Machairophyllum is unusual in the Mesembryanthemaceae-Ruschioideae in that fynbos and renosterveld are the preferred habitats. The morphology, anatomy as well as the pollen, seed and leaf epidermis ultrastructure of the genus were examined. The taxonomy of Machairophyllum is revised on the basis of data presented. Of the ten names originally described, only four are upheld. M. alhidum (L.) Schwantes, M. stayneri L.Bolus. M. bijliae (N.E.Br.) L.Bolus and M. brevifolium L.Bolus. All four species are very similar in their vegetative habit, and differ mainly in inflorescence and flower characters. Several presumably related genera. Bijlia N.E.Br.. Carruanthus (Schwantes) Schwantes and Cerochlamys N.E.Br.. are briefly discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Bhat, Mohd Shafi, Christen D. Shelton, and Anusuya Chinsamy. "Inter-element variation in the bone histology of Anteosaurus (Dinocephalia, Anteosauridae) from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa." PeerJ 9 (September 8, 2021): e12082. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12082.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite its abundance in the Permian fossil record of South Africa, little is known about the life history of Anteosaurus. Here we examine the bone microstructure of multiple skeletal elements of Anteosaurus from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin. The bone histology of Anteosaurus magnificus reveals that the cortex is composed of highly vascularized, uninterrupted fibrolamellar bone tissue surrounding the inner spongy medullary region. However, the histology of two ribs and a previously described femur of another Anteosaurus taxon revealed an interrupted growth pattern with lines of arrested growth and peripheral rest lines occurring in the compacta, indicating periodic pauses in growth possibly linked to the slowing down of growth during maturity. Given that the fibula of the same individual has well-vascularised fibrolamellar bone tissue without any growth marks in the cortex; this suggests variation in skeletal growth. Based on our histological results, three growth dynamic stages are deduced for the genus Anteosaurus: (i) the earliest growth stage is represented by the predominance of highly vascularized, uninterrupted fibrolamellar bone tissue in the inner cortex, which suggests rapid periosteal bone deposition during early ontogeny; (ii) the next stage of growth shows periodic interruptions in the bone deposition as indicated by the deposition of lines of arrested growth; (iii) the third stage shows the development of lamellar bone tissue with rest lines in the peripheral part of the cortex suggesting a slowing down of growth prior to death. Most of the skeletal elements are characterized by thick bone walls, extensive secondary reconstruction and the complete infilling of the medullary cavity. However, the radius and a previously studied femur have open medullary cavities with struts of bony trabeculae. Based on histologic structures and comparisons with extant taxa, it is likely that Anteosaurus may have been more terrestrial as its osteology point towards terrestriality, but it may have occasionally inhabited ephemeral pools like modern semi-aquatic Hippopotamus.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Muller, Stephanus. "Apartheid Aesthetics and Insignificant Art." Journal of Musicology 33, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2016.33.1.45.

Full text

Abstract:

Stephanus Le Roux Marais (1896−1979) lived in Graaff-Reinet, South Africa, for nearly a quarter of a century. He taught music at the local secondary school, composed most of his extended output of Afrikaans art songs, and painted a number of small landscapes in the garden of his small house, nestled in the bend of the Sunday’s River. Marais’s music earned him a position of cultural significance in the decades of Afrikaner dominance of South Africa. His best-known songs (“Heimwee,” “Kom dans, Klaradyn,” and “Oktobermaand”) earned him the local appellation of “the Afrikaans Schubert” and were famously sung all over the world by the soprano Mimi Coertse. The role his ouevre played in the construction of a so-called European culture in Africa is uncontested. Yet surprisingly little attention has been paid to the rich evocations of landscape encountered in Marais’s work. Contextualized by a selection of Marais’s paintings, this article glosses the index of landscape in this body of cultural production. The prevalence of landscape in Marais’s work and the range of its expression contribute novel perspectives to understanding colonial constructions of the twentieth-century South African landscape. Like the vast, empty, and ancient landscape of the Karoo, where Marais lived during the last decades of his life, his music assumes specificity not through efforts to prioritize individual expression, but through the distinct absence of such efforts. Listening for landscape in Marais’s songs, one encounters the embrace of generic musical conventions as a condition for the construction of a particular national identity. Colonial white landscape, Marais’s work seems to suggest, is deprived of a compelling musical aesthetic by its very embrace and desired possession of that landscape.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Manning, J. C., and P. Goldblatt. "Three new species of Gladiolus (Iridaceae) from South Africa, a major range extension for G. rubellus and taxonomic notes for the genus in southern and tropical Africa." Bothalia 39, no. 1 (August 11, 2009): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v39i1.227.

Full text

Abstract:

Three new species of Gladiolus L. are described from South Africa. G. dolichosiphon is the second known member of series Blandus from the mountains of the Little Karoo in Western Cape, and is distinguished from other members of the long tubed, pink-flowered G. carneus complex by its 5 or 6 linear leaves, creamy pink to salmon flowers with a tube 30-50 mm long and longer than the dorsal tepal, and its late summer flowering. G. karooicus from the Klein Roggeveld and the northern foothills of the Witteberg, is a spring-flowering species allied to G. permeabilis but has bright, canary-yellow flowers with the lower part of the lower tepals involute and conspicuously auriculate. G. reginae is an edaphic endemic of the Sekhuk- huneland Centre of Floristic Endemism in Mpumalanga, and flowers in autumn. It is evidently a glabrous member of section Densiflorus series Scabridus, distinguished by its long-tubed flowers, streaked with red on the lower tepals and blotched with red in the throat. Anomalously, however, it has the tubular inner bracts and large capsules diagnostic of section Ophiolyza series Oppositiflorus. A re-examination of the morphology suggests that series Scabridus is better placed in section Ophiolyza and a slightly revised classification of Gladiolus in southern Africa is proposed. We also propose the replacement name G. sulculatus for the Tanzanian species, G. sulcatus Goldblatt, a later homonym of G. sulcatus Lam. Finally, a recent sighting of what appears to be G. rubellus from northern Namibia constitutes the first record of this species in the country and a major range extension from its previous known occurrence in southeastern Botswana.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Braun, Kerstin, Miryam Bar-Matthews, Alan Matthews, Avner Ayalon, Tami Zilberman, Richard M. Cowling, Erich C. Fisher, Andy I. R. Herries, James S. Brink, and Curtis W. Marean. "Comparison of climate and environment on the edge of the Palaeo-Agulhas Plain to the Little Karoo (South Africa) in Marine Isotope Stages 5–3 as indicated by speleothems." Quaternary Science Reviews 235 (May 2020): 105803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.06.025.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Braun, Kerstin, Miryam Bar-Matthews, Alan Matthews, Avner Ayalon, Tami Zilberman, Richard M. Cowling, Erich C. Fisher, Andy I. R. Herries, James S. Brink, and Curtis W. Marean. "Corrigendum to “Comparison of climate and environment on the edge of the Palaeo-Agulhas Plain to the Little Karoo (South Africa) in Marine Isotope Stage 5–3 as indicated by speleothems” [Quat. Sci.Rev. 235 (2020) 105803]." Quaternary Science Reviews 263 (July 2021): 106988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106988.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Citton, Paolo, Ignacio Díaz-Martínez, Silvina de Valais, and Carlos Cónsole-Gonella. "Triassic pentadactyl tracks from the Los Menucos Group (Río Negro province, Patagonia Argentina): possible constraints on the autopodial posture of Gondwanan trackmakers." PeerJ 6 (August 7, 2018): e5358. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5358.

Full text

Abstract:

The Los Menucos locality in Patagonia, Argentina, bears a well-known ichnofauna mostly documented by small therapsid footprints. Within this ichnofauna, large pentadactyl footprints are also represented but to date were relatively underinvestigated. These footprints are here analyzed and discussed based on palaeobiological indications (i.e., trackmaker identification). High resolution digital photogrammetry method was performed to achieve a more objective representation of footprint three-dimensional morphologies. The footprints under study are compared withPentasauropusfrom the Upper Triassic lower Elliot Formation (Stormberg Group) of the Karoo Basin (Lesotho, southern Africa). Some track features suggest a therapsid-grade synapsid as the potential trackmaker, to be sought among anomodont dicynodonts (probably Kannemeyeriiformes). While the interpretation of limb posture in the producer ofPentasauropustracks from the Los Menucos locality agrees with those described from the dicynodont body fossil record, the autopodial posture does not completely agree. The relative distance between the impression of the digital (ungual) bases and the distal edge of the pad trace characterizing the studied tracks likely indicates a subunguligrade foot posture (i.e., standing on the last and penultimate phalanges) in static stance, but plantiportal (i.e., the whole foot skeleton and related soft tissues are weight-bearing) during the dynamics of locomotion. The reconstructed posture might have implied an arched configuration of the articulated metapodials and at least of the proximal phalanges, as well as little movement capabilities of the metapodials. Usually, a subunguligrade-plantiportal autopod has been described for gigantic animals (over six hundreds kilograms of body weight) to obtain an efficient management of body weight. Nevertheless, this kind of autopod is described here for large but not gigantic animals, as the putative trackmakers ofPentasauropuswere. This attribution implies that such an autopodial structure was promoted independently from the body size in the putative trackmakers. From an evolutionary point of view, subunguligrade-plantiportal autopods not necessarily must be related with an increase in body size, but rather the increase in body size requires a subunguligrade or unguligrade, plantiportal foot. Chronostratigraphically,Pentasauropuswas reported from Upper Triassic deposits of South Africa and United States, and from late Middle Triassic and Upper Triassic deposits of Argentina. Based on the stratigraphic distribution of the ichnogenus currently accepted, a Late Triassic age is here proposed for thePentasauropus-bearing levels of the Los Menucos Group.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Gordon, Claire N., Liesl Eichenberger, Paul Vorster, Alison J. Leslie, and Shayne M. Jacobs. "Diet and seasonal dispersal of extralimital giraffe at Sanbona Wildlife Reserve, Little Karoo, South Africa." Koedoe 58, no. 1 (March 31, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v58i1.1346.

Full text

Abstract:

South African giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa) have been introduced as an extralimital species to private farms in the Little Karoo on the basis of economic sustainability, and the need to create a competitive tourism product. However, little is known about the medium- to long-term impacts and ecological sustainability of such introductions. The diet of a population of giraffe on Sanbona Wildlife Reserve, near the town of Ladismith, was assessed via direct observations between January and October 2014, in order to determine their potential impact on the world’s most species-rich semi-desert, the Succulent Karoo. Unlike giraffe in their native range, the Sanbona population showed seasonal preference for browse species. Acacia karroo (sweet thorn) appears to be the preferred browse species during autumn and spring, with Schotia afra being the preferred species in winter, and no significant preference being shown in summer. Giraffe also appeared to seasonally move between catchments where tree species other than A. karroo occurs, especially during winter and spring when the tributaries of the Brak River, containing mixed Acacia with S. afra (karoo boer-bean) and Euclea undulata (small-leaved guarri), were visited with increasing frequency. These results largely confirm the importance of A. karroo as the main browse species in this environment but also suggest that other species may be important components of the diet of extralimital giraffe in the Little Karoo. On farms where A. karroo is dominant, supplementary feed may be needed when A. karroo browse is unavailable due to leaf drop.Conservation implications: Acacia karroo was the main browse species of extralimital G. c. giraffa at Sanbona Wildlife Reserve, but it switched to S. afra during winter. This suggests that an assessment of alternative food species forms part of suitability assessments for the introduction of extralimital G. c. giraffa for areas similar to Sanbona.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Gess, F. W., and S. K. Gess. "A preliminary survey of the aculeate wasps and the bees of the lower reaches of the Nossob River Valley, Kalahari Gemsbok National Park, South Africa." Koedoe 34, no. 2 (September 25, 1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v34i2.424.

Full text

Abstract:

An annotated list of aculeate wasps and of bees collected during a preliminary survey of these insects in the lower reaches of the Nossob River Valley, Kalahari Gemsbok National Park is presented. Flowers visisted, and notes on provision and nest type are given. Meloid beetles collected on the flowers are listed. The species composition and geographical affinities of the community of aculeate wasps and of bees in relation to those of four sites in the Karoo Biome (in Namaqualand, in the southern Great Karoo, in the Little Karoo and in the easternmost extension of the Nama Karoo) are discussed briefly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Saayman, Melville, Andrea Saayman, and Madelien Ferreira. "The socio-economic impact of the Karoo National Park." Koedoe 51, no. 1 (January 23, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v51i1.158.

Full text

Abstract:

National parks in South Africa are seen as major tourism assets due to the wildlife and various activities for international and local visitors. Little is known of the socio-economic contribution of these parks to their respective local economies. The purpose of this research was to determine the socio-economic impact of the Karoo National Park (Karoo NP) in South Africa, especially the economic impact of the Karoo NP on the local economy, the impact of tourism business development in the Karoo district, and how the park affects the community. Three surveys were used to determine the socio-economic impact: a community survey, a business survey and a tourist survey. The results show that the park has an impact in terms of production, income generation and employment in the area, but this impact is not as significant as that of other national parks in South Africa. A small percentage (4%) of businesses in Beaufort West owe their existence to the Karoo NP, but most rely on tourist spending. For the park to have a greater impact, it is imperative to increase accommodation capacity, offer more activities and promote activities and attractions in the region.Conservation implication: The importance of this article lies in the economic value that conservation management generates as well as identifying the benefits that communities derive from the existence of a national park. It also supports the notion that conservation entails more than just conserving fauna and flora and highlights the interdependence of conservation, tourism and community participation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

North, Michelle A., Emily P. Lane, Kelly Marnewick, Peter Caldwell, Glen Carlisle, and Louw C. Hoffman. "Suspected lead poisoning in two captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus) in South Africa, in 2008 and 2013." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 86, no. 1 (March 25, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v86i1.1286.

Full text

Abstract:

Whilst lead poisoning in raptors, scavenging birds and waterfowl is well studied and common knowledge, there is surprisingly little literature detailing the risk to mammalian scavengers and captive carnivores fed hunted meat. This case report describes the death of two captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus) following acute onset of nervous symptoms. Clinical signs included hyper-excitability, seizures, arched back, tail held abnormally high and hyper-salivation. Necropsy findings included bullets or a bullet in their stomachs. Kidney and liver lead levels from one cheetah (15.6 ppm and 17 ppm respectively) were consistent with a diagnosis of lead poisoning; liver from the second cheetah was not available for testing. Both animals were routinely fed hunted antelope or game birds. This is the first report of oral lead poisoning in captive large carnivores, although these are unlikely to be the first cases. Without awareness of the risks of feeding hunted game, lead exposure will continue to be an underdiagnosed reality in the rehabilitation of endangered carnivores.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Wheeler, Anita, Andrew T. Knight, Mark Difford, and Susanne Vetter. "Which ostrich farmer characteristics predict conservation opportunity?" South African Journal of Science 115, no. 3/4 (March 27, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2019/5540.

Full text

Abstract:

Environmental sustainability rests on human choice and action. Understanding these may assist in determining the factors that predict or influence an individual’s behaviour towards the environment. In South Africa, approximately 80% of the most threatened vegetation types are in the hands of the private agricultural community. In the Little Karoo, which is situated in the Succulent Karoo biodiversity hotspot, unsustainable land-use practices including ostrich flock breeding threaten this region’s lowland biodiversity. We interviewed ostrich farmers in the Oudtshoorn Basin to quantify latent variables thought to represent components of conservation opportunity: environmental attitude, conservation knowledge, conservation behaviour, and willingness to collaborate with agricultural, environmental and conservation organisations. Three groups of land managers were identified: (1) younger land managers (less than 31 years’ farming experience) with bigger farms (≥2050 ha) who had above-average scores for all four indicators, (2) older farmers (≥31 years’ farming experience) who had above-average scores for environmental attitude and conservation knowledge, average scores for environmental attitude, but low willingness to collaborate, and (3) a large group of younger farmers (less than31 years’ farming experience) with smaller properties (less than2050 ha) who had low to average scores for all four indicators. Farmers in the first two groups represent the best opportunities for conservation, although different strategies would have to be employed to engage them given the current low willingness to collaborate among older farmers. Land managers were more willing to collaborate with agricultural than conservation organisations, pointing to a need to involve agricultural organisations in championing more environmentally sustainable ostrich breeding practices. Significance: Achievement of biodiversity conservation targets requires stewardship in production landscapes outside protected areas, which necessitates identification of farmers who present conservation opportunity, i.e. who are willing and able to participate in conservation. Plant biodiversity in the Little Karoo has been severely degraded through ostrich flock breeding, but ostrich farmers consider their practices to be ecologically sustainable. In the Little Karoo, land managers with more years of farming experience, and younger farmers with larger properties, represented the greatest opportunity for interventions to promote more biodiversity-friendly ostrich farming practices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Janse van Rensburg, Darelle T., Lesley A. Cornish, and Josias van der Merwe. "Corrosion map of South Africa’s macro atmosphere." South African Journal of Science 115, no. 7/8 (July 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2019/4901.

Full text

Abstract:

The first atmospheric corrosion map of South Africa, produced by Callaghan in 1991, has become outdated, because it primarily focuses on the corrosivity of coastal environments, with little differentiation given concerning South Africa’s inland locations. To address this problem, a study was undertaken to develop a new corrosion map of the country, with the emphasis placed on providing greater detail concerning South Africa’s inland regions. Here we present this new corrosion map of South Africa’s macro atmosphere, based on 12-month corrosion rates of mild steel at more than 100 sites throughout the country. Assimilations and statistical analyses of the data (published, unpublished and new) show that the variability in the corrosion rate of mild steel decreases significantly moving inland. Accordingly, the average first-year corrosion rate of mild steel at the inland sites (at all corrosion monitoring spots located more than 30 km away from the ocean) measured 21±12 μm/a [95% CI: 18–23 μm/a]. The minimum inland figure was about 1.3 μm/a (recorded at Droërivier in the Central Karoo) and the maxima were approximately 51 μm/a and 50 μm/a in the industrial hearts of Germiston (Gauteng) and Sasolburg (Free State), respectively. The variability in the corrosion rate of mild steel also decreased by as much as 80% between 150 m and 1000 m from the coastline. Moreover, the impact of changing altitude on the corrosivity of the environment was confirmed, particularly along the coastal regions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Pasternak, Graham, Leslie R. Brown, Stefan Kienzle, Andrea Fuller, Louise Barrett, and S. Peter Henzi. "Population ecology of vervet monkeys in a high latitude, semi-arid riparian woodland." Koedoe 55, no. 1 (February 20, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v55i1.1078.

Full text

Abstract:

Narrow riparian woodlands along non-perennial streams have made it possible for vervet monkeys to penetrate the semi-arid karoo ecosystem of South Africa, whilst artificial water points have more recently allowed these populations to colonize much more marginal habitat away from natural water sources. In order to better understand the sequelae of life in these narrow, linear woodlands for historically ‘natural’ populations and to test the prediction that they are ecologically stressed, we determined the size of troops in relation to their reliance on natural and artificial water sources and collected detailed data from two river-centred troops on activity, diet and ranging behaviour over an annual cycle. In comparison to other populations, our data indicate that river-centred troops in the karoo were distinctive primarily both for their large group sizes and, consequently, their large adult cohorts, and in the extent of home range overlap in what is regarded as a territorial species. Whilst large group size carried the corollary of increased day journey length and longer estimated interbirth intervals, there was little other indication of the effects of ecological stress on factors such as body weight and foraging effort. We argue that this was a consequence of the high density of Acacia karroo, which accounted for a third of annual foraging effort in what was a relatively depauperate floristic habitat. We ascribed the large group size and home range overlap to constraints on group fission.Conservation implications: The distribution of group sizes, sampled appropriately across habitats within a conservation area, will be of more relevance to management than average values, which may be nothing more than a statistical artefact, especially when troop sizes are bimodally distributed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Matthews, Thalassa, and Turid H. Nel. "The cryptic case of Otomys sloggetti (Sloggett’s vlei rat): Interpreting murid molar morphology in the fossil record." South African Journal of Science 117, no. 1/2 (January 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/7137.

Full text

Abstract:

Vlei rats (Family: Muridae; Subfamily: Otomyinae) have a widespread distribution in southern Africa. They are favoured prey of barn and spotted eagle owls, and frequently become associated with archaeological deposits when the owls roost in cave sites. The phylogeny of several Otomyinae species is enigmatic, and Otomys sloggetti (Sloggett’s vlei rat) is no exception. This species has been referred to as the ‘ice rat’ and present distribution ranges are seemingly limited to mountainous areas, at high altitude, in Lesotho Drakensberg and the Karoo. It was thus surprising and unexpected when specimens closely resembling Otomys sloggetti (identification was based on molar morphology) were found in several archaeological sites on the south and west coasts of South Africa, and also in modern owl pellet assemblages – all extralimital to the current reported distribution. However, further examination of and comparison between these specimens, as well as extensive differences observed between comparative Otomys sloggetti specimens from museum collections, highlighted potential problems associated with the common practice of using tooth morphology to identify fossil murid species. We identified six molar morphotypes from the fossil and modern material, all of which bore a morphological resemblance to O. sloggetti. The material discussed in this paper suggests that cryptic, undescribed vlei rat species, or subspecies, have been in the past, and may yet be, co-occurring with modern populations of O. karoensis and O. irroratus. Phylogenetic studies need to be done in conjunction with morphological studies, as, currently, the relationship between the huge variation seen in interspecific morphology with genetics is little understood, different Otomys species are not always distinguishable morphologically, and considerable chromosomal polytypes have been found. Our findings highlight the need for extensive cladistic and genetic research on the Otomyinae.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Galosi, Livio, Anna Rita Attili, Stefania Perrucci, Francesco C. Origgi, Adolfo Maria Tambella, Giacomo Rossi, Vincenzo Cuteri, et al. "Health assessment of wild speckled dwarf tortoises, CHERSOBIUS SIGNATUS." BMC Veterinary Research 17, no. 1 (March 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02800-5.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background In free-ranging reptile populations, bacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic pathogens may affect hosts through impairment in movements, thermoregulation, reproduction, survival, and population dynamics. The speckled dwarf tortoise (Chersobius [Homopus] signatus) is a threatened species that is mostly restricted to the Succulent Karoo biome in South Africa, and little information on pathogens of this species is available yet. We derived baseline parameters for five males and five females that were captured to genetically enhance a conservation breeding program in Europe. Upon collection of the tortoises, ticks were removed and identified. Immediately upon arrival in Europe, ocular, nasal, oral and cloacal swabs were taken for viral, bacteriological and mycological examinations. Fecal samples were collected before and 1 month after fenbendazole treatment, and analyzed for parasites. A panel of PCR, aiming to detect herpesviruses, adenoviruses and iridoviruses, was carried out. Results Samples were negative for viruses, while bacteriological examination yielded detectable growth in 82.5% of the swabs with a mean load of 16 × 107 ± 61 × 108 colony forming units (CFU) per swab, representing 34 bacterial species. Cloacal and oral swabs yielded higher detectable growth loads than nasal and ocular swabs, but no differences between sexes were observed. Fungi and yeasts (mean load 5 × 103 ± 13 × 103 CFU/swab) were detected in 25% of the swabs. All pre-treatment fecal samples were positive for oxyurid eggs, ranging from 200 to 2400 eggs per gram of feces, whereas after the treatment a significantly reduced egg count (90–100% reduction) was found in seven out of 10 individuals. One remaining individual showed 29% reduction, and two others had increased egg counts. In five tortoises, Nycthocterus spp. and coccidian oocysts were also identified. Soft ticks were identified as Ornithodoros savignyi. Conclusions Our baseline data from clinically healthy individuals will help future studies to interpret prevalences of microorganisms in speckled dwarf tortoise populations. The study population did not appear immediately threatened by current parasite presence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!