Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Chefferies'
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Salifou, Bertrand. "Les chefs traditionnels et leur participation au pouvoir politique en Afrique : les cas du Burkina Faso et du Niger." Reims, 2006. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000355.pdf.
Full textBefore the colonization already, there were chiefs at the head of all the african socio-politics structures. Under colonization, roughly speaking, between 1890 and 1960, these chiefs become in their turn, subjects under the colonial authority power which, in any case in the French possessions, to only distinguish them from the colonial administrators of which they become the auxiliaries, qualifies them the traditional ones. They preserve this statute of auxiliary both in Burkina Faso (Old Haute Volta) and in Niger after the accession of these countries to independence. With the return of Africa to the multi-party system and the democracy, at the beginning of the years 1990, these traditional chiefs, incarnation of the morals and sociocultural values of ancestral Africa, become, more than ever mediators; agents of social development while working for the consolidation of the state of right. It is to say that the traditional cheffery still has a beautiful future in front of it, for little that, the african political leaders agree to collaborate, honestly with it
Indeka, Nkoso Joseph. "Les chefferies ndengese en conflit: dans les interstices de la tradition et de l'Etat, R.D.Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209364.
Full textC’est essentiellement un mode de lecture du fait politique, les chefferies à travers les âges: conditions d’émergence et d’institutionnalisation, sources de légitimité, supports territoriaux et symboliques, fonctionnement réel, enjeux et conflits. L’analyse de tels processus a nécessité la prise en compte de la dispersion des idées politiques dans les institutions sociales et familiales, la religion, la littérature, l’art et l’économie. On n’a pas négligé pourtant, leurs liens à l’ordre social et les rapports avec les structures politico-administratives étatiques dans lesquelles les chefferies sont enchâssées. Cette dissertation a combiné deux grandes perspectives du pouvoir politique :symbolique et sociologique. Dans la perspective symbolique renouvelée, une des entrées principales a été celle de la « mise en scène » du pouvoir, dans des contextes variés, pour assurer sa légitimité. A été ainsi mis en exergue le concept de « traditions », renvoyant aux analyses de Hobsbawm et Ranger (1983). Cette perspective de l’ethnologie classique du pouvoir politique a été complétée par celle de la sociologie politique davantage tournée vers la « domination » au sens wébérien, les enjeux et relation de pouvoir, ainsi que l’étude des comportements des acteurs :stratégies et tactiques individuelles et collectives. On s’est intéressé aux dynamiques politiques locales produites à travers l’interaction entre les facteurs internes et externes, et aux modalités de réception, d’interprétation et d’appropriation afin d’y lire un peu de « sens ». En cela, cette thèse est « une anthropologie des mondes contemporains » (Augé 1994) avec un arrière-fond historique important. Elle a privilégié l’analyse des interactions aussi bien rituelles qu’administratives. Ces regards croisés du pouvoir politique local ont ainsi permis d’articuler ce qu’Olivier de Sardan (2005) appelle « ethnographie classique et socio-anthropologie des espaces publics en Afrique ».
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Nozati, Françoise. "Les Pana : une chefferie sacrée en République Centrafricaine." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1928PA081402.
Full textThe pana are a small ethnic group living in central african republic at the border between cameroon and chad. Their number is approximately 30 000 people in c. A. R and about the same number living in cameroon as expatriate. Up to date no reliable work has been published on their account. During the french colonial era, their land was included in a. E. F, first in moyen-congo, then in tchad and oubangui- chari. Between 1911 and 1916 it was under german control. As opposed to the dominant ethnic groups in c. A. R. (gbaya and banda) their language and far-off history are not "oubanguian" ; they must be related to the mboum of cameroon (adamawa area). The purpose of this research is to show how -although involved in the scheme of modern local institutions such as mayors appointed by the government- they have been able to partly retain their traditional model of power. It consisted in a dual chieftaincy with a "belaka" considered as the leader for profane matters and a "gangpana" or sacrifice leader representing the very essence of the group ; the latter being the descendant of the founding clan, he - still nowadays- is the only one allowed to reach the top of the sacred moutain (mont pana) to commmunicate with the ancestors ; thus he is the one transmitting their messages to the living and the one worth conducting rites on their behalf. Up to the fifties, the belaka had to be inthronized on the sacred mountain by the gangpana to be accepted as the pana leader. Because of a colonial history embedded in violence ("kongo wara" rebellion and "caves war" 1928/1933), eventually the belaka was considered as not being worth the sacred rites any more and ceased to be both a religious and a profane leader. However, up to 1993, the mayor of ngaounday (main pana town) always was a descendant of the specific clan to which belakas had been born since the first decades of this century. He did not make any important decision without taking the advice of gangpana and of the elder. The second purpose of this work is to give a comprehensive picture of the history of this group which only tardily entered in contact with the europeans (1906) ; this has been achieved through a very documented work in different colonial archive departments (aix-en-provence, vincennes and potsdam). Other information has been gathered through numerous interviews conducted in ngaounday
Viti, Fabio. "Anthropologie d'un pouvoir local : histoire et politique dans l'Aitu Nvle (Baule, Côte d'Ivoire)." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0024.
Full textSita, Alphonse. "Les Institutions sociales et politiques des Bakongo du Pool, Congo chefferies traditionnelle et administrative, 1905-1946 /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376186156.
Full textSita, Alphonse. "Les institutions sociales et politiques des bakongo du pool (congo) : chefferies traditionnelle et administrative, 1905-1946." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070080.
Full textThe invasion and the conquest that started since the second half of the 19th century marked by fights (1896, 1899) led in 1905 to the creation of the district of "bas congo", ancestor of the actual region of pool. At this period the land bakongo is very populated, dynamic and structured. We want to study through the institutions, the society, and during the colonization, the process of integration and evolution of pool into the colonial entity. In 1906-1980, the conquest did not at all curb the progress of the bakongo. Their institutions are conform to the requirements of the colonization and improved. In 1930-1945, the policy of "bras de fer" led by the french administration against the bakongo society, balari or "amicale", and the attempt to destory the chieftainsy, provoqued a severe crisis: rebellions and repression succeeded one another. At the end of our study, 1946, permanence and slow transformation characterize the bakongo's social et political institutions. In the large rural majority of congo, the chieftainsy remains the principal institution of authority; the only one that is usually touched directly
Adiki, Tovenim Koko. "Les chefferies traditionnelles africaines face à la dynamique des réformes territoriales : contribution à l'étude des processus de décentralisation." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0053.
Full textFace of the traditional organization in Africa, you have different processes of decentralization which are not the same like in Europe. This situation makes some difficulties when we want to analyze the principles of the decentralization for the young States in Africa. The traditional chieftainship is the only African territorial administration originally known, which the object of diversified apprehension is. Even thought we have now an occidental system, our societies still depend on the traditional system present in Africa. But we don’t want to change the system of the decentralization, because they can help our country to achieve their goal. Face of this situation, the major issue of my PHD is to propose the reorganization of the local institutions, which can lead to change the territorial reform
Djemgou, Tonmeba Eliane Flore. "Attractivité territoriale et imaginaire touristique du pays bamiléké : réinvention de la tradition des chefferies et de la pratique des funérailles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H068.
Full textOur research deals with the new invention of a tradition meant to alter the territorial attraction and tourist imagination of the bamileke land in Cameroun. Our questioning is about that new invention of the tradition and the patrimonialization which help make the bamileke funerals and chiefs palaces tourist attraction. This work highlights the logic and strategies of the actors in setting up tourist projects in bamileke areas. For man y years, the chiefs palaces have been marked with the logic of patrimony or tourism. Those actions deeply modify their organization, their functioning and their relationships with the local population and their nationals. These changes presently make the bamileke chiefs palace a tourist attraction for foreign tourist. Nevertheless the area ruled by chief casts a negative image to a Cameroonians. For the latter, it is a sacred territory full of taboos and associated with a mystical imagination. For a long time, that imagination estranged the Cameroonians from those lands ruled by bamiléké chiefs. Nowadays, those traditional institutions are targeted by the policy of tourist development through decentralization and different international cooperation. The new invention of the tradition in bamileke festivals and funerals help improve the efficacy of the attraction and of the tourist imagination of the bamileke land. The logic and strategies set up by the different actors are not alike. If for some the logic is purely sociocultural and economic (the actors of tourist development) for others, that logic is about the research of prestige (funeral planners). In this survey, two main conclusions are to be considered; although the tradition has been invented anew by the promoters of tourist development in the bamiléké areas, they are hardly attractive for national tourist. The museum and guest huts are not considered as tourist attraction by the nationals. Only festivals and funerals draw more and more Cameroonian toward bamileke lands. Different logic of innovation action has been set up by the festivals and funerals planners in order to attract a great number of Cameroonians to the bamileke areas
Sogbossi, Michel. "Chefferie traditionnelle et institutions du pouvoir d'État au Bénin : des origines dahoméennes à nos jours." Bordeaux 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR40043.
Full textAn essay of reflection on traditional chieftaincy and the institutions of state power in Benin, a subject wich provokes surprise and curiosity as to its purpose, andunderstandably because not being contemporary, traditional chieftaincy is an institution about wich very little is said in intellectual circles in the country. We have also decided to cover in time and space, the entire netional territory, wich enables us to mention the existence of ordinary chieftaincy, such as that of the Porto-Novo dynasty in the south of Benin, and that of Savè in the centre-north ; paramount chieftaincies, such as the Kingdom of Abomey in the Zou region and that of the Bariba Kingdom of Nikki in the north-east ; the finally there are the groups without any paramountcy or chiefdom : these are the so-called acephalous lineage societies, found in the Atacora region in the north-west. . .
Fontainieu, Anne-Rose de. "Les sociétés précolombiennes des Andes septentrionales : champs surélevés et constructions territoriales." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010557.
Full textOuedraogo, Léonce Eric. "Le réseau politique, un espace de représentation du politique : le rôle de la chefferie traditionnelle au Burkina Faso." Paris, INALCO, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INAL0018.
Full textThe structuring of the political area in Burkina Faso is still characterized by the encounter, within this context, of different systems of political ideas and organisation. Consequently there are ways of specifics adaptations where traditional considerations drive to a large extent the mechanisms of the modern political game. The permanence of traditional structures playing a role in the current organisation thus show the syncretism of political ideas. In addition to this syncretism, there are other factors such as the differential gap related to the tools of political production (notably due to the unequal distribution of the culture capital giving access to these tools of political production) which represent one of the major characteristics of the political set up, that is to say the existence of an area of positioning, replacement in which power is delegated between constituents and elected people. Therefore, within the framework of delegation, a network theoretical structure begins to take shape and allows the traditional hierarchy to work generally as the expression of the political game requires a big mobilisation of the population
Forquilha, Salvador Cadete. "Des "autoridades gentílicas" aux "autoridades comunitárias" : le processus de mobilisation de la chefferie comme ressource politique : État, chefferie et démocratisation au Mozambique : le cas du district de Cheringoma." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40006.
Full textCretton, Viviane. "Conflit et médiation à Fidji : "cérémonies du pardon" et enjeux du coup d'Etat de 2000." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0175.
Full textMy thesis analyses the making of history in Fiji while reflecting the stakes of the 2000 coup d'Etat. The connections between politics and ethnicity articulate various kind of relationships such as gender, status, kin or social classes, all selected in situ for providing heuristic relevancy at different levels : local, national and international. My analysis links particular observations and historical examinations to restitute the multiple political versions of fijian recognition. Deconstructing the idea of an homogeneous chiefly system to be emblematic of the pacific way enlightens the heterogeneity that defines the fijian chiefs in general. I suggest in the end that ethno-nationalism in Fiji has to be understood as a political distinction that is built up interdependancy between shared norms and values across the national and international levels
Jaumouillié, Anne-Laure. "Entre sagaïes et médailles : processus colonial de reconnaissance des chefs kanak en Nouvelle-Calédonie, 1878-1946." La Rochelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LAROF017.
Full textAs soon as New Caledonia got taken into possession, the colonial administration used the natives considered as chiefs to establish the French supervision. By using honorary distinctions, it settled a wide policy of recognition of the chiefs. Some of them seemed to have had dealed with the administrative employees, others rebelled or did both. Instead of considering those situations as loyalty, rejection or “double jeu”, this PhD consists in analysing them in a more global context by considering the Kanak chiefs in their own system of relationships. Inwa, relationship with the colons and colonial administrators are the framework. This work aims to deconstruct the idea of chiefs were either loyal or rebel and to show the complexity of the system in which every single actor of the colonisation participates. The itineraries of 36 leaders are analysed between 1878 – date of the first native rebellion – and 1917 – date of the last movement of the uprising. The leaders get little by little the methods of speech that will allow them to free themselves from the colonial pressures. The descendants of the chiefs are therefore also taken into account until the end of the “Code de l’Indigénat” in 1946. That in order to measure the strength of the transmission of the political speech they faced
Gayé, Fatou. "Pouvoir traditionnel, monopartisme et transition démocratique en Côte d'Ivoire : l'exemple de la chefferie Tiembara de Korhogo." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0043.
Full textThis dissertation is a political anthropological study of democratization in the ivory coast. With the democratic process started in africa at the beginning of the 90s, the traditional authorities have been shaken by more or less violent democratic claims. It became necessary to redefine locally the relationship between various political forces at work in the country. The historic necessity of the chieftaincy is being more and more questioned in favor of democratic political parties. I have attempted in this dissertation to point out the evolution of this situation with the example of the tiembara chieftaincy, headed by the gon coulibaly oligarchic family. The foundation of this family chieftaincy is the "poro", a secret circle of initiated, which has played ever since, a central function in the senoufo ethnic group. It has conferred a sacred aspect to the chieftaincy, causing in so doing a merging of the political and the religious. By propagating a culture of submission, the "poro" reinforces the tiembara chieftaincy, and makes it the main political institution of the region, in the colonial as well as post- colonial eras. During monopartism, the pdci-rda, the only political party, and the chiefaincy have collaborated to control the politically the region. But with the advent of multipartism, affiliation of gon coulibaly family members in oppositing political parties has broken up this oligarhic family, weakening thus the previous alliance of the unique party with the chieftaincy. Multipartism has therefore weakened and compeled the chieftaincy to progressively retreat from the republican political arena, henceforth occupied by political parties. There is, as a result of this process, as secularization of the political activity among the senoufo people. This reveals the major disturbances that democratization has brought into the senoufo group, yet conservatory
Guyon, Stéphanie. "Du gouvernement colonial à la politique racialisée : Sociologie historique de la formation d'un espace politique local (1949-2008), St-Laurent du Maroni, Guyane." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010333.
Full textAntonio, Bienvenu. "Vêtements, ornements, couleurs : leurs langages codés dans la chefferie Gbindo du Bénin." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30009.
Full textThese doctorate thesis in Ethnology and Anthropology : "Clothes, ornments, colours : theirs codified languages in Gbindo kingdom in Benin", concerns the traditional textile and clothing in an West African ethny. Here are the contents :Gbindo chiefery and its ceremonies (voodoo, Fa, religious rites),Conceptual study of clothing as a language of communication and delimitation of the corpus, History of the fon drape (avotita) and presentation of clothing as a demonstration of the Being through an Appearance, The colours in its contents of the senses, and its semantic and symbolic expression, Crossing the elements of chapters and consequences of conjunction between modernity and tradition,The method used : participating observation with documented and styled photographes
Nahimana, Ferdinand. "Des lignages aux royaumes et des royaumes aux chefferies histoire socio-politique des régions périphériques nord et nord-ouest du Rwanda actuel, du XVe siècle à 1931." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375999430.
Full textNahimana, Ferdinand. "Des lignages aux royaumes et des royaumes aux chefferies : histoire socio-politique des régions périphériques Nord et Nord-Ouest du Rwanda actuel : du XVème siècle à 1931." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070113.
Full textMainly based on historical data of rwandan north and north-west regions, the work shows at first the process of the formation of different levels of social and political organisation from family nucleus constituting to kingdoms. Here, the work luings out the means ofacquiring lands by the first settlers, the appropriation of that lands by the progeny of those settlers, and their organisation into systems of landed lineal propriety. It gives pratical modalitiesor circumstances which led some chiefs of the lineage to the acquiring of the title of king and to the exercise of supreme power upon men and things. Then, the work puts out that after they have built the system of managing the great patrimony : land and men wholive on it and exploiting it, after they fouded systems of governing independent lineages and kingdoms and after they are tested during nearly four centuries, the populations of north and north-west have been attaqued by kings of the nyiginya dynasty. However, they did not succeed in subduing them immediately. They had backwand and forwand movements : they recorded victories and failures. It is only during the two first decades of 20th century that northern and north-western kingdoms have been incorporated into properties of kings of nyiginya after being broken up and transformed into chieftainries of the colonized rwandan kingdom. Their entry in that kingdom marked caring out of the terrtorial unity of the rwandan effective policy
Zobel, Clemens. "Confronting otherness : politics, identity and history in the village communities of the Manding mountains of Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHESA007.
Full textLe, Marcis Frédéric. "Des maux ordinaires : une anthropologie de la santé au quotidien dans le Maasina (Mali)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0224.
Full textMartineau, Jean-Luc. "Oba et constructions identitaires dans l'espace yoruba nigérian (début XXè siècle - 1962/66)." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070055.
Full textAt the beginning of the 20th century, the Yoruba part of Nigeria was characterized by a disorderly geopolitical situation resulting from Yoruba civil wars and from first British regulations (1893-1914). The city and its “oba” (sovereign) had then lost their former prestige. Unti11930, the colonizer strongly altered the internal borders, geopolitical balances and the structures of government without regard for the existing historical institutions. The colonizer reorganized several times the structures of administration after 1930 ; this led to several processes of identity building which were exploited by Obafemi Awolowo, the Yoruba nationalist leader, after 1945. The reforms left durable and sometimes contradictory traces. Indeed, Yoruba people reconsidered their links to their communities and their identities; the emergence of town-identities in many cities had as a corollary the formation of a pan-Yoruba regional identity. These destabilized peoples strongly attached to the city of their ancestors, built new identity referents whose “obas” constituted the pillars. After 1945 the “obas” became the symbols of a town-identity rooted in the city and they supported the “Action Group”, the regional nationalist party. This thesis follows the phases of the transformation of the “obaship” and analyzes its effects on the processes of identity building in the Yoruba region. The ethnicisation of political behaviours failed however between 1962 and 1966 but, since then, the “obas” never lost the central role they had acquired on the Nigerian civic scene
Tsekenis, Émile. "Les autochtones et le chasseur : essai de définition du rapport entre le rituel et le politique pour une chefferie bamilékée (ouest-Cameroun)." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA114.
Full textMorelle, Thibaut. "Conservation et développement en République Démocratique du Congo : pour une approche participative des espaces protégés au Kivu oriental, le cas des chefferies de Bwisha (Nord Kivu) et de Kabare (Sud Kivu)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30016.
Full textThis thesis proposes an analysis of projects integrating nature conservation and development in the Democratic Republic of Congo on the eastern part of Kivu, in the movement of participatory approaches which have developed since the 1980s within multilateral cooperation projects. We highlight the areas with conservation issues that are the object of integrated conservation and focus a diversity of actors around the management of natural resources. These articulations focus on the waterfront areas of the Virunga and Kahuzi Biega national parks, particularly in the Bwisha and Kabare chiefdoms. However, these regions face several aggravating situations: high population density, difficult socio-economic conditions in which people live, characterized by a lack of land and poverty. Those involved in conservation must take into account these factors and then the various forms of conflict which may affect the peripheries and protected areas. Conservation is organised around a central/peripheral opposition between protected natural areas to be conserved, and riparian areas conducive to human activities.However, it engenders methods of management, of development sometimes out of step with the populations, and in particular local land practices; this can be at the origin of power relations, conflicts in the management of protected areas and constitute obstacles to the participation of local populations in conservation activities. At the heart of this research is the study of integrated conservation in national parks and the associated management arrangements
Guimapi, Chanel Chantal. "De la vie en migration aux vécus dans les villages du Cameroun : un regard sur une chefferie bamiléké en mutation." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H024.
Full textThis is a study of the return migration from the point of view of the former migrant. It helps understanding how the latter has been shaped through migration. Back home, the way he acts, his face to face encounter with the world of the village put him in a universe that fosters a new, intentionally produced, art of living. Returning back to the countryside is not synonymous with returning to rural life. In the rural setting, one will try to live according to a life style similar to the urban one. The urban way of life acts on village life from within. Several of its components can be found to overlap : they come from the village, the town, and places further beyond. Away from the urban way of life that constitutes pockets within the village, and spread around, social hierarchies can be found which, at the same time, change and remain the same. A new nobility makes its appearance, especialy through wealth, but it keeps the same outlook in its dayly life style
Traoré, Kamana Jean-Yves. "Le défi démocratique et la décentralisation face à la société et à la culture Senufo : réarticulation des pouvoirs dans cinq communes rurales du cercle de Sikasso - Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0192.
Full textThis thesis, entitled "Senufo society and culture faced with democratic challenge and the decentralisation policy : the redistribution of powers in the rural communes in the Sikasso (Mali) cercle [county]" is divided into three parts. The first part traces the history of settlement and analyses the socio-cultural organisation and development of the various systems of power in the region. The second part deals with the advent of democracy and the implementation of decentralisation (communal division, choise of county towns, production of electoral lists and organisation of elections. It includes an analysis of relationship between younger and elder people, and between political local reasoning. The third part examines "the communes put to the test of democratic practice". It analyses the relationship between actors at various levels (mayors/bureau and communal council/support staff/village bodies/administration/political bodies) and looks intothe various sectors of communal intervention. An analysis of the connection between decentralisation and land use will show that land strategies remain largely dominated by village chiefdoms
Hahonou, Eric Komlavi. "En attendant la décentralisation au Niger. . . : dynamiques locales, clientélisme et culture politique." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0250.
Full textThis research explores local dynamics toward decentralisation process in the Republic of Niger before the implementation of the reform. It enlightens the negotiated character of the reform between local powers and the national government. Based on a long term fieldwork, the dissertation describes and analyses the daily governance of public goods and services in rural and semi-urban localities in Northern and Western Niger as well as local actors' strategies to access power positions in future municipalities. The competition between "customary" chiefs, civil servants, associations' leaders, non resident natives ("ressortissants"). . . Takes place in modern institutions such as political parties and development associations. It is necessary to take into account political systems and the political culture in which the "municipalization" model will be implemented to get a better understanding of the local reappropriation of the reform. Clientelism, "localism", factionalism, "neo-patrimonialism", electoral opportunism, the "politics of the belly", negotiation processes and consensus appearances. . . Are some components of the political culture of Niger
Liberski-Bagnoud, Danouta. "Les dieux du territoire : Unité et morcellement de l'espace en pays Kasena (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EPHE, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EPHE5019.
Full textIn this thesis, the author analyzes how a West African society, the Kasena, transforms a geographic space into a territory. What are the notions, institutions, myths, ritual practices and daily behaviour through which the Kasena build up their relationship to ground and space? The study of the category of divinities called tangwam by Kasena and "skin of the earth" by their neighbours, fives the major axis of the work. The word tangwam means not only the sacred spot where periodically men renew a pact with the ground divinities but also the spot where symbolically all the members of an agnatic group (lineage) "breathe" and the "space of breath" for two lineages bonded by a commune residence in a same part of the village. One could say that these "skins of the earth" are alike the "territory-gods" about which S. Czarnowski, speaking of Greek and Roman civilizations, writes that "they are nothing but the territory itself" (1932). The work, divided in 10 chapters, includes an introduction on the Kasena as ethnic group and two parts, headed "space and kinship" and "earth and chieftainry". In the first part, the author deals with the question of territorial bonds, taking as point of view the internal organization of social groups dwelling in a same portion of land. The second part discusses the same question but, this time, through an examination of the territorial system
Souyris, Bernard. "Bobo et Bwaba pendant et après la colonisation : identité et organisation collective des populations africaines de la boucle du Mouhoun pendant le XXe siècle." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30032/document.
Full textBased on analysis of colonial and ethnographic studies, I tried to understand in this thesis how established the classifications of African populations from racial presumptions and reifying identifications in a region of western Africa where the "mixture of races" had struck the first observers. As these synchronous representations stood out, the conquest and the colonial administration forced changes to the productivity and to the existing power, transforming the people’s collective lives and their spiritual and religious worlds. A ground study in and around Sara's village, located in the loop of Mouhoun, completes the study of the colonial papers and highlights the existence of ethnic lineages in forming social and political structure, making distinctions between the Bwaba and the "foreigners", what seems to be at the origin of a feeling ofmembership of a geographically undefined human group, in Bwamu "Bwabawa.» This study also confirms the existence of transformations which appeared during and after colonization
Kouomegne, Noubissi Hilaire. "Décentralisation et centralisation au Cameroun : L'exemple de la répartition des compétences entre l'Etat et les collectivités locales." Paris 1, 2012. http://docelec.u-bordeaux.fr/login?url=http://www.harmatheque.com/ebook/9782336009469.
Full textHermann, Aymeric. "Les industries lithiques pré-européennes de Polynésie centrale : savoir-faire et dynamiques techno-économiques." Phd thesis, Université de la Polynésie Française, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00936331.
Full textDanda, Mahamadou. "Politique de décentralisation, développement régional et identités locales au Niger : le cas du Damagaram." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370355.
Full textSitué en Afrique de l'Ouest en territoire nigérien, le Damagaram est une région à dominante agro-pastorale qui représente 11,57% du territoire national et 21,7% de la population totale du pays en 2001. L'histoire coloniale du Sultanat de Zinder au XIXè siècle, le transfert du chef lieu du territoire de Zinder à Niamey et le fait que des élites de cette région aient pris l'habitude de placer au premier plan de la problématique du retard de développement du Damagaram, la question politique, expliquent l'intérêt de cette recherche.
La présente thèse se veut un essai qui vise à saisir les vecteurs d'explication des capacités de mobilisation, de consensus et de représentation des intérêts au niveau du Damagaram, mais aussi à comprendre les spécificités de l'échelon régional en terme d'identités, à travers la mise en oeuvre des politiques publiques en général, des expériences de développement régional à Zinder en particulier notamment, la formulation du Schéma Directeur du Développement Régional (SDDR) de Zinder.
La thèse expose comment les institutions de gestion administrative régionale s'articulent à des espaces sociaux pour construire des espaces politiques essentiels à la mise en oeuvre des politiques publiques et du développement régional. Elle identifie les principaux symboles identitaires du Damagaram qui semblent plus que jamais activés par le processus de démocratisation et de décentralisation en cours au Niger. L'auteur appréhende l'influence de la vitrine identitaire du Damagaram dans le fonctionnement des institutions en charge du développement en région. Il analyse les stratégies des acteurs et leurs rôles dans la conquête de l'électorat et la formulation des instruments et actions de développement régional. Il relève que le Sultanat, en tant que symbole du pouvoir traditionnel dont l'organisation s'articule autour de la personnalité du Sultan, reste le symbole identitaire le plus conservé et le plus marquant de cette région. Il met en évidence la présence d'identités au pluriel dans le Damagaram administratif.
Ouattara, Katiénéffooua Adama. "Autorités politiques précoloniales et États : le cas des chefs Koya de Mankono dans le Nord-ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire (1888-2001)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010588.
Full textNozati, Françoise. "Les Pana de Centrafrique : une chefferie sacrée /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) : l'Harmattan, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37647808v.
Full textMaric, Tamara. "Dynamiques de peuplement et transformations sociopolitiques à Tahiti, îles de la Société." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010579.
Full textVincent, Jeanne-Françoise. "Princes montagnards : les Mofu-Diamaré et le pouvoir politique (Cameroun du Nord)." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H033.
Full textThe mofu-diamare - an ethnic group of 60000people which occupies the edges of the mandara mountains, 200 kms south of lake Tchad - are divided into smaller groups which are similar in their material culture and religious beliefs but widely dissimilar in the nature of their political institutions. A confrontation between these different but related groups has provided the basis for this study. The purpose of the work, accomplished with the aid of minute field descriptions is to understand the nature of the power structure and the mode by which power is extended. Among the northern mofu-diamare which are divided into numerous small, juxtaposed political units or "mountains", exercise of power is not readily apparent. The chief could more correctly be described as a priest, serving the "spirit of the mountain" and determining when the group's religious festival shall begin. With the southern and eastern mofu-diamare (organized into chieftaincies, sometimes quite large) the princes dispose the same types of essential religion responsibility. However they are also sovereigns. The variety in the manifestations of their power is striking. They have fortified dwellings, huge plantations, a high degree of polygamy, servants, dues and duties, the latter being required of all of the adult males of a chieftaincy, once having passed through the barrier of the three quadrennial classes of age. They are the sole arbiters of earth, justice and war. This manifestations of power differ from one prince to another. These differences are perceptible through the mythical narratives of the group which may be used for historical analysis. These narratives often show how immigrants seized power - the basis of present-day social stratification - at the expense of the native inhabitants. The oral transmission of the length of reigns
Salifou, Bertrand Weiss Pierre. "Les chefs traditionnels et leur participation au pouvoir politique en Afrique les cas du Burkina Faso et du Niger /." Reims : [s.n.], 2006. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000355.pdf.
Full textPradelles, de Latour Charles-Henry. "Le Champ du langage dans une chefferie bamilékée." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376005102.
Full textPradelles, de Latour Charles-Henry. "Le Champ du langage dans une chefferie bamilékée." Paris, EHESS, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EHES0050.
Full textThe language area in a bamileke chiefdom is a monograph on one of the hundred chiefdoms which are located in the center west of camerron. It is called bangoua and it has six thousand inhabitants. This monograph consists of five parts, namely: the history of the chiefdom, the kinship system, the way society is organised, economical development and social structure. The historical data shows that this society was made up by the progressive overlapping of a segmentary lineage system and chieftain-centred political organisation. The independant analysis of these two institutions reveals that, although they both have the same basic structure, beliefs and economical activities promoted by the kinship system and the political organisation are quite different. The dichotomy between structure and self concept (meaning) explains that the bangoua were able to have two kinds of beliefs and two different economical practises without this causing unbearable congtradictions. The constant switching between the kinship system belief and those of the political organisation is one of the main factor infuencing the bangoua's adaptation to a western-system economy. The bamileke dynamism has been explained by demographic growth and their geographical situation, but it has been proven with other tribes (cf. Kirdi of north cameroon) that, when these two conditions exist, the society does not become necesseraly enterprising
Dugast, Stéphan. "Rites et organisation sociale : l'agglomération de Bassar, au Nord-Togo." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0053.
Full textThe case of the agglomeration of bassar (northern togo) is food for thought concerning relations between two types of phenomena, having to do with the social or symbolic spheres. Opposed to the traditional analyses who reduce these relations to a mere legitimation of the social positions by the religious structures, the present analysis seeks to show how the symbolic sphere acts on the social relations through the medium of the constraints of thought. For this thesis, informations of a wide variety of sources are used : historical data, political system, rituals, etc
Zakinet, Dangbet. "Des transhumants entre alliances et conflits, les Arabes du Batha (Tchad) : 1635-2012." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3105/document.
Full textIn Chad as in other Sahelian countries, transhumance enables pastoralists to exploit the fluctuating and scattered pastoral resources. For generations, pastoralists have established linkages among themselves and with sedentary farmers along transhumance routes. In areas where water and pasture are available in every season, access to resources was regulated by a traditional system based on arrangements and alliances between communities. Since the successive droughts of the 1970s and 1980s, the rapid depletion of resources in northern pastoral areas forces farmers to make their way earlier than expected into agricultural areas. This deregulation of transhumance patterns raises debates between pastoralists and farmers as well as in the political, intellectual and media spheres. There is nowadays a trend of rising conflicts over access to resources and the disruption of the alliances on which relationships between herders and farmers were based. In the sometimes deleterious discussions on the issue of transhumance, some argue that transhumance is an archaic way of life that must be changed, and others argue that it is the only system adapted to the variability of pastoral resources in the Sahel context. This thesis is a modest contribution to the exciting and passionate debate on transhumance in Chad. It attempts to answer the main question: how is the relationship between transhumant and farmers evolving in a changing environmental sociopolitical context?
Rey, Pascal. "Le sage et l'Etat : pouvoir, territoire et développement en Guinée Maritime." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00172775.
Full textTremblay, Sarahlyne. "La chefferie : essai d'application d'un concept anthropologique à la société protomycénienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17758.
Full textSalpeteur, Matthieu. "Du palais à l'autopsie : les doublures animales dans une chefferie bamiléké (Cameroun)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MNHN0026.
Full textThere is in the “bamileke land” (Western Cameroon) a specific belief according to which some individuals can create an invisible bond with an animal “alter ego”. We aim here at understanding the social and cultural role of this belief, its evolution in contemporary society, and the social dynamics linked with it. Animal “were-beings” are appearing at two main levels. First in the political sphere, where they are used to legitimate the prominent social position of initiated people, in a context of fierce social competition about nobility titles with new economic elites. Second in the witchcraft discourse, where several types of “alter ego” are called upon through charges, mainly resulting from structural conflicts between successors and non-successors in kin groups. The public autopsy, carried on during bereavements, is one of the main rituals where such a belief is used and transmitted
Watson, Ruth. ""Civil disorder is the disease of Ibadan" : chieftaincy & civic culture in a Yoruba city /." Athens : Oxford : Ibadan : Ohio University Press ; James Currey ; Heinemann Educational Books, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388554486.
Full textSaint-Lary-Maïga, Maud. "Les chefs peuls du Yatenga à l'épreuve du changement (Burkina Faso)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0176.
Full textIn the Yatenga kingdom, Fulbe people established as of the XVIIIth century, and submitted to the moose authorities. The colonial period brought them an important chage because five groupes became "canton" and their chiefs were allotted a power they could never have hoped. This thesis aims to understand first the place of fulbe chiefdoms in the sight of their history and transformations, but also how today they deal with the management of goods and services considered as collective. We can see through the comparison of two chiefdoms that chiefs know how to achieve their projects. They have adopted the same strategy : they rely on the past to legitimate their position in the society. However, their approach is different : one relies on Islam, the other one on development projects
Wamytan, Léon. "Peuple kanak et droit français : du droit de la colonisation au droit de la décolonisation, l'égalité en question." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10422.
Full textIf the shock of the colonization of New Caledonia evoked in the introduction of the agreement on New Caledonia of May 5th, 1998 is not to be any more demonstrated, themeans developed by the French law towards the people remain to be examined. Considering the particular relations that maintain Kanak in the land, the shock of the cultures is goi ng to be translated by the opposition of the rights be tween an unchanging custom, and a French law which makes sacred the private property, participat ing in the rights of man and the citizen. These senses of identity appropriate for the coloni zation of New Caledonia, took multiple legal forms, as for the very taking possession because the Kanak first people knows a treaty (1844), a taking possession in 1853, and acts of gratitude of sovere ignty were signed by leaders (1854 ) on the Big Earth 2 . Our permanent questioning is thus the one to know how the Kanak people underwent by virtue of the French law a fundamental upheaval of his vital land space, spheres of influence ofhis traditional chieftainships, a disintegration of his organizatio n endowed with his owncodes. The constitutional gratitude of a personal status a ppropriate for the first people in the agreement of Noumea of 1998, is going to allow to confirm and to assure the superiority of the usual uses, either i n this only domain, but for all which concerns the ci vil law. The renowned French law based on the equality. The application to the Kanak people of New Caledonia shows that this idea must be revised. So, it is about the period of the colonization ( 1st part)) and its negative discriminatory law wher e that of the decolonization (2eme left) and its posi tive discriminatory law, Kanak people knew and always knows different rules
Guillaud, Dominique. "L'espace d'une chefferie : contribution et gestion d'un territoire sahélien : le pays d'Aribinda Burkina-Faso." Paris 10, 1989. http://books.openedition.org/irdeditions/14921.
Full textThe present inhabitants of aribinda who, in the 18th century, settled in this small sahelian "no man's land", were refugees from different origins (songhay, kurumba and mossi). Because of the insecurity, they remained within the limits of a small area protected by large granit hills until the end of the 19th century. They established there a community, and laid the foundation of a system of land sharing, thus conditioning the future occupancy of the region. At first the social political groups were allotted territorial sectors within the limits of the village of aribinda itself. These sectors were progressively extended to the entire land. This thesis deals with their system of land rights, as well as with the development of their agricultural and pastoral activities. Nowadays, there is a danger of reaching a saturation point due to an important increase in population and their acquiring of extensive agrarian skills. There are, however, in the past history of the people of aribinda, reasons to hope for a solution of these problems
Nyst, Nathalie. "Bafut: une chefferie et son trésor ;éléments pour l'étude de la gestion culturelle traditionnelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212036.
Full textBako-Arifari, Nassirou. "Dynamiques et formes de pouvoir politique en milieu rural ouest-africain : étude comparée sur le Bénin et le Niger : une anthropologie politique de "l'État joueur" et de "l'État négocié" dans les arènes locales du pouvoir : cas des cantons de Gaya au Niger et de Gomparou au Bénin." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA036.
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