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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemical disinfection

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Academic literature on the topic 'Chemical disinfection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemical disinfection"

1

Kriš, J., K. Munka, E. Büchlerová, M. Karácsonyová, and L. Gajdoš. "Chlorine dioxide disinfection by-products in the Nová Bystrica-Čadca-Žilina long distance water supply system." Water Supply 6, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2006.071.

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In a process of water disinfection it is necessary to distinguish between primary disinfection focused on removal or inactivation of microbiological contaminants from raw water, and secondary disinfection focused on maintenance of residual concentration of the disinfector in distribution system. Current practice related to disinfection follows two approaches. The paper presents results from a stage task solution “Research of physical-chemical changes in water quality during its distribution” at the Nová Bystrica-Čadca-Žilina long distance water supply system (LDWSS) focused on the presence of disinfection by-products by using chlorine dioxide.

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Pinto, Luciana de Rezende, Paulo Maurício Batista Silva, and Vinicius Carvalho Porto. "Effects of long-term repeated chemical disinfection treatment on the surface hardness self-polymerizing reline resins." Journal of Research in Dentistry 1, no. 1 (April 23, 2013): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v1e1201355-63.

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Denture hygiene techniques and procedures were developed in the 1960s and 1970s and most studies indicate the importance of mechanical biofilm removal by denture brushing associated with disinfection with chemical solutions. Studies in the literature show many chemical procedures that may be used for denture biofilm control. When the immersion procedure is used, the disinfectant should be selected with regard to its effectiveness in inactivating microorganisms without any adverse effects on the denture materials. PURPOSE: This study investigated the hardness of three self-polymerizing reline resins after long-term repeated chemical disinfections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty round specimens (30 x 6mm) were made from each material: Jet, Kooliner and Tokuyama Rebase II Fast, and divided in 6 groups (n=10). The control group was stored in water and the others were disinfected with 1%, 2%, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% glutaraldehyde, and 4% chlorhexidine gluconate, respectively. The specimens were tested for knoop hardness (KHN) before disinfection and after 30, 90 and 180 disinfection cycles. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test at 5%. RESULTS: The hardness of Jet resin varied from 18.74 ± 0.47 to 13.75 ± 0.95 KHN, Kooliner varied from 14.09 ± 1.63 to 7.52 ± 0.88 KHN, and Tokuyama Rebase II Fast from 12.57 ± 0.94 to 8.28 ± 0.39 KHN. Statistically significant decrease in hardness of the three reline acrylic resins was observed early after the first 30 disinfection cycles. CONCLUSION: The hardness of the tested materials decreased after immersion in water and after long-term repeated chemical disinfections.

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Zhang, Yin. "604 Comparing Disinfection of Different Dosages of Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide in Burn Ward." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.230.

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Abstract Introduction The objective of this study is to compare the disinfection effects using the vaporized hydrogen peroxide disinfection method in critical burn ward. Methods A 110m3 empty ward of the burn center was selected as the experimental site. The Bacillus subtilis var. niger spores were opened and placed in 15 unprepared positions (with 0 m, 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m from the disinfection machine, each of which was divided into upper, middle, and The lower 3 planes), as well as the 15 points of the cloth (the same position as before), are fixed with hydrogen peroxide indicating tape. The amount of hydrogen peroxide was calculated according to the size of the ward (8 g/m3, 12 g/m3, respectively), and disinfected at a rate of 10 g/min of hydrogen peroxide release flow. After 5 hours of disinfection, the chemical indicator tape and the bacteria pieces were taken out. Observe the discoloration of the chemical indicating tape. The bacteria pieces were placed in a test tube containing the broth culture medium, and the results were observed after incubation in a 37 ° C incubator for 7*24 hours. Results (1) Under the condition of no cover, the two disinfecting dose chemical indicating tapes are all discolored, and in the case of obstruction, they cannot be completely discolored; (2) When the amount of hydrogen peroxide disinfection is 8g/m3 and 12g/m3 respectively, The positive rates of unobstructed specimens were 6.67% and 2.67%, respectively, no significant difference (P= >0.05), and there was no difference in disinfection effect between the positions (P >0.05); (3) 8g/m3 disinfection dose The peak concentration is 255.9g, the peak concentration is 1h48min; the peak concentration is 337.6g at 12g/m3 disinfection, and the peak concentration is 2h26min. When the two disinfection doses were disinfected for 8 hours, the peak concentrations of the chambers were basically the same(1) Under the condition of no cover, the two disinfecting dose chemical indicating tapes are all discolored, and in the case of obstruction, they cannot be completely discolored; (2) When the amount of hydrogen peroxide disinfection is 8g/m3 and 12g/m3 respectively, The positive rates of unobstructed specimens were 6.67% and 2.67%, respectively, no significant difference (P= >0.05), and there was no difference in disinfection effect between the positions (P >0.05); (3) 8g/m3 disinfection dose The peak concentration is 255.9g, the peak concentration is 1h48min; the peak concentration is 337.6g at 12g/m3 disinfection, and the peak concentration is 2h26min. When the two disinfection doses were disinfected for 8 hours, the peak concentrations of the chambers were basically the same. Conclusions The use of vaporized hydrogen peroxide for terminal disinfection should be as full as possible to expose the items to be disinfected. Applicability of Research to Practice Disinfection.

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Atila, Funda. "Effect of Different substrate Disinfection Methods on the Production of Pleurotus ostreatus." Journal of Agricultural Studies 4, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v4i4.10051.

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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to estimate which of disinfection method is more effective in case of higher yield and fewer cost in cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in rural areas. For this purpose, four different treatments; scalping in hot water (60, 80 and 100°C), and chemical disinfection (1% formaldehyde) were compared with sterilization by autoclave. It has been noticed that method of disinfection affects mycelium growing duration(day), yield(g/kg), biological efficiency (BE%), avarage weight of fruitbody(g), diameter of pileus(cm), stipe lenght(cm) and width(cm). P. ostreatus took significantly much time to colonise the substrate (19.9 days) disinfected by chemical disinfection compared with others. Chemical disinfection (271.28 g/kg and 91.96%) and scalding hot water at 80oC (263.42 g/kg and 90.83%) had highest productivity in terms of yield and BE, respectively, while scalding hot water at 60oC (136.08 g/kg and 46.92%) had least productivity. The largest diameter of fruitbody was obtained by scalding in hot water at 80oC, while the longest stipes were harvested in disinfected substrate by chemicals. In conclusion, cheaper and more easily applecable scalping in hot water 80°C and chemical disinfection may be use for the disinfection of growing substrates instead of sterilization with autoclave in rural areas.Keywords: mushroom growing substrate, disinfection methods, autoclaved, scalding, chemical disinfection, Pleurotus ostreatus

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Mude, Er S. K. "Health & Environmental Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure used in Currency Sanitizer." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 1695–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35379.

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Many of the ultraviolet (UV) sources used emit high intensities of UV light, capable of producing painful eye and skin burns. This paper provides information about the hazards associated with UV exposure and the safety precautions to take when working with these sources. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection technology has existed for many years, but chemicals are still very prominent in disinfection applications today. UV disinfection does, however, provide many benefits over chemical options. It cannot be overdosed, and does not produce by-products, toxins, or volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. It does not require the storage of hazardous materials and will not affect smell or taste in water and food disinfection applications. In addition, UV light is known to kill more waterborne microbes than chlorination. UV-C currency sanitizer is a fluid less device which can be used to perform the disinfection of various bacteria and viruses, it is based on UV-C light technology. It provides a portable ultraviolet disinfecting device for currency notes which comprises an acrylic case. The light is arranged in the top and bottom and inner layer coated with aluminum foil to increase the utilization of light rays.

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GomezGil-RS, Bruno, F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois, Jorge Romero-Jarero, and Maria Herrera-Vega. "Chemical Disinfection of Artemia Nauplii." Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 25, no. 4 (December 1994): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1994.tb00829.x.

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Sartori, Evandro Afonso, Caroline Bom Schmidt, Luiz Fernando Walber, and Rosemary Sadami Arai Shinkai. "Effect of microwave disinfection on denture base adaptation and resin surface roughness." Brazilian Dental Journal 17, no. 3 (2006): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402006000300004.

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This study evaluated the effect of disinfection methods [chemical disinfection (immersion in 100 ppm chloride solution) or microwave disinfection (690 W for 6 min)] on the internal adaptation of denture bases and resin surface roughness. For the adaptation test, 18 maxillary denture bases were obtained from stone casts duplicated from a metallic master model and submitted to the following treatments: 1) control (no disinfection), 2) chemical disinfection or 3) microwave disinfection. Disinfection procedures were performed twice (T1, T2) with a 7-day interval between them. Internal adaptation was measured at baseline (T0) and after T1 and T2 by weighing a vinyl polysiloxane film reproducing the gap between the resin base and the master model. For surface roughness measurement, 60 rectangular (5x10x40 mm) resin specimens were either mechanically or chemically polished and then submitted to the disinfection treatments. Surface roughness (Ra) was recorded after polishing (T0) and after T1 and T2. Data were analyzed by ANOVA GLM for repeated measures and Bonferroni correction at 5% significance level. Bases submitted to microwave disinfection had gradual increase of misfit, while bases immersed in chloride solution did not differ from the control group. Surface roughness increased in the mechanical polishing groups with microwave disinfection and decreased in the chemical polishing groups.

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Pinto, Luciana Rezende, Dayane Rubim, Paulo Maurício Batista Silva, and Vinícius Carvalho Porto. "Effects of repeated long-term sodium hypochlorite disinfection treatment on surface hardness and roughness of self-polymerizing reline acrylic resins." Journal of Research in Dentistry 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v2e1201491-101.

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Denture stomatitis is the most common alteration on the palate of denture wearers and deficient denture hygiene is an important predisposing factor, because it facilitates both the presence of Candida albicans and bacteria in saliva and their colonization on the oral mucosa and denture surfaces. Sodium hypochlorite is an efficient chemical disinfectant to eliminate denture biofilm, but the effect of long-term disinfection on reline acrylic resins was not studied. Purpose: This study investigated the hardness and roughness of three self-polymerizing reline resins after repeated long-term sodium hypochlorite disinfections. Material and methods: Forty round specimens (30 x 6mm) were made from each material: Jet, Kooliner and Tokuyama Rebase II Fast, and divided in 4 groups (n=10). The control group was stored in water and the others were disinfected with 1%, 2%, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, respectively. The specimens were tested for knoop hardness (KHN) and roughness (Ra) before disinfection and after 30, 90 and 180 disinfection cycles. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test at 5%. Results: The hardness of Jet resin varied from 18.74 ± 0.47 to 13.75 ± 0.95 KHN, Kooliner varied from 14.09 ± 1.63 to 7.52 ± 0.88 KHN, and Tokuyama Rebase II Fast from 12.57 ± 0.94 to 8.28 ± 0.39 KHN. Statistically significant decrease in hardness of the three reline acrylic resins was observed early after the first 30 disinfection cycles. Conclusion: The hardness of the tested materials decreased after immersion in water and after repeated long-term chemical disinfections

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Huh, Da-An, Woo Ri Chae, Hong Lyuer Lim, Joung Ho Kim, Yoo Sin Kim, Young-Whan Kim, and Kyong Whan Moon. "Optimizing Operating Parameters of High-Temperature Steam for Disinfecting Total Nematodes and Bacteria in Soil: Application of the Box−Behnken Design." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 5029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145029.

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Concerns about the widespread use of pesticides have been growing due to the adverse effects of chemicals on the environment and human health. It has prompted worldwide research into the development of a replacement to chemical disinfection of soil. The efficiency of steam sterilization, an alternative to chemical methods, has improved as technology has advanced, and the Agricultural Research and Extension Service in Korea recommends the use of steam sterilization. However, few studies have been conducted on the effects and operating conditions of high-temperature steam disinfection. In this study, we present the optimum operating conditions of a high-steam disinfector, to maximize the cost-effectiveness and removal efficiency of total nematodes and total bacteria in soil using the Box−Behnken design. The experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation using multiple regression analysis, with coefficients of determination (R2) for each model of 0.9279, 0.9678, and 0.9979. The optimum conditions were found to be a steam temperature of 150.56 °C, running speed of 1.69 m/min, and spray depth of 15.0 cm, with a corresponding desirability value of 0.8367. In the model, these conditions cause the prediction of the following responses: nematode removal efficiency of 93.99%, bacteria removal efficiency of 97.49%, and oil consumption of 70.49 mL/m2. At the optimum conditions for the steam disinfector, the removal efficiencies of nematodes and bacteria were maximized, and the oil consumption was minimized. The results of our study can be used as basic data for efficient soil disinfection using high-temperature steam.

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Bensel, Tobias, Jens J. Bock, Anne Kebernik, Christin Arnold, Sonia Mansour, and Arne F. Boeckler. "Effect of Disinfectants on Mechanical Properties of Orthodontic Acrylics." International Journal of Biomaterials 2019 (April 24, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1096208.

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Objective. Infection control protocols in dentistry dictate that orthodontic acrylics have to be disinfected. No specific products for orthodontic acrylics are available. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of chemical disinfectants on mechanical properties of orthodontic acrylics.Materials and Methods. 260 test specimens of two cold-curing orthodontic acrylics were manufactured. Three chemical disinfecting agents were tested: Impresept, D050 Instru-Gen, and Stammopur DR. Test specimens were stored in distilled water and divided into test groups. E-Modulus, flexural strength, macro hardness, micro hardness, average roughness, and colour change were measured.Results. Disinfection agents showed no significant influence on E-modulus. Values ranged from 1783.80 ± 163.80 MPa (Forestacryl colourless) to 2474.00 ± 135.00 MPa (Orthocryl green) after storage in distilled water. Disinfection agents performed no significant influence on flexural strength. Values ranged from 18.64±1.59 N/mm2(Forestacryl colourless) to 25.64 ± 1.43 N/mm2(Orthocryl green) after storage in distilled water. Orthocryl colourless showed a reduction of the macro hardness after disinfection (Stammopur DR (p≤0.001), D050 Instru-Gen (p≤0.037)). Disinfection of Orthocryl green with D050 Instru-Gen (p<0.001) and Forestacryl colourless with Impresept (p≤0.001) led to a reduction of macro hardness. Micro hardness of Orthocryl colourless altered significantly after disinfection with D050 Instru-Gen (p≤0.001). Micro hardness of Forestacryl colourless increased (Impresept (p≤0.039)) and decreased (Stammopur DR (p≤0.006) Instru-Gen (p≤0.001)) after disinfection. Average roughness did not change significantly (Orthocryl colourless). Forestacryl colourless performed a significant change after disinfection with Stammopur DR (p≤0.05). This is also true for the disinfection of Orthocryl green and Forestacryl pink with Instru-Gen (p≤0.05). Disinfection performed no significant influence on colour change. ΔE-values were in a range of 1 to 2.Conclusions. Some orthodontic acrylics disinfection caused significant changes of determined parameters. Changes were specific for the applied disinfectant and tested orthodontic acrylic. Further studies should verify the impact of long-term disinfection intervals. Thus, from manufacturers of orthodontic acrylics recommendations for appropriate disinfectants would be desirable.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemical disinfection"

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Bieker, Jill M. "Chemical inactivation of viruses." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/226.

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Velez, Rivera Edwin. "A review of chemical disinfection methods for minimally processed leafy vegetables." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/103.

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Emanuele, Sozzi. "Low-cost physico-chemical disinfection of human excreta in emergency settings." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2016. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/1d15b231-f0bc-4251-bf5c-7d7912073d84.

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The operation of a health-care facility, such as a cholera or Ebola treatment centre in an emergency setting, results in the production of pathogen-laden wastewaters that may potentially lead to onward transmission of the disease. The research presented here outlines the results of field and laboratory studies devised to inform the design and operation of a novel full-scale treatment protocol to disinfect pathogen-laden hospital wastewaters in situ, thereby eliminating the need for potentially hazardous road haulage and disposal of human excreta or wastewater to poorly-managed waste facilities. The approach investigated has the potential to provide an effective barrier to disease transmission by means of a novel but simple sanitary intervention. During Phase I of this research, a fieldwork study in Haiti focused on the design and operation, at short notice and within a disaster setting, of a new treatment technology that aimed to obviate the transport of untreated human excreta from emergency cholera treatment centres (CTC) to poorly-managed waste facilities. The results of this fieldwork period were validated and further optimised during Phase II: a detailed laboratory-based study in the UK that assessed the performance of the novel treatment technology in order to improve its efficacy. The performance of two physico-chemical protocols was monitored, first in the field (Port-au-Prince, Haiti), by means of both bench-scale and full-scale batch treatment of real highly-contaminated faecal waste from a cholera treatment centre (Phase I), and subsequently during more detailed laboratory studies (Phase II) using a ‘faecal-waste matrix’ that was created by mixing various municipal wastewaters and sludges in a proportion that aimed to mimic the composition of wastewaters produced at health-care facilities in emergency settings. The two investigated protocols achieved coagulation/flocculation and disinfection by exposure to high– or low–pH environments, using thermotolerant coliforms, intestinal enterococci, and somatic coliphages as indices of disinfection efficacy, and several physico-chemical parameters as indicators of treatment performance. In the high–pH treatment protocol, the addition of hydrated lime resulted in wastewater disinfection and coagulation/flocculation of suspended solids. In the low-pH treatment, disinfection (and partial colloidal destabilization followed by sedimentation) was achieved by the addition of hydrochloric acid, followed by pH neutralisation. A potential further step in this 4 second protocol was the coagulation/flocculation of suspended solids using aluminium sulphate. During Phase II, removal rates achieved for the high pH treatment protocol, in terms of physico-chemical parameters, were: COD > 80%; suspended solids > 85%; turbidity > 85%. Removal rates in terms of microbiological parameters were: thermotolerant coliforms > 5 Log10, intestinal enterococci >2 Log10 and somatic coliphage > 2 Log10. Removal rates achieved for the low-pH treatment protocol in terms of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were: COD > 80%; thermotolerant coliforms between 0.2 and 1.2 Log10, with a mean removal of 0.75 Log10 and > 3 Log10 removal for intestinal enterococci. The removal of somatic coliphage was in excess of 4 Log10. The quantity and density of the sedimented sludge and several other physicochemical parameters (such as total nitrogen, total phosphorous, ammonia and ammonium, etc.) for the analysis of the supernatant were also monitored. This study represented the first known successful attempt to disinfect wastewater in a disease outbreak setting without resorting to the alternative, untested, approach of ‘super-chlorination’ which, it has been suggested, may not consistently achieve adequate disinfection. In addition, a basic costs analysis demonstrated significant savings in the use of reagent compared with super-chlorination. The approach to sanitation for cholera treatment centres and other disease outbreak settings presented here offers a timely response to a UN call for in situ disinfection of wastewaters generated in such emergencies. Further applications of the method to other emergency settings have been actively explored in discussion with the World Health Organization (WHO) in response to the ongoing Ebola outbreak in West Africa, and with the UK-based non-governmental organization (NGO) Oxfam.

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Fuerst, Georgia Brook. "INVESTIGATING PERACETIC ACID AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE DISINFECTION." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1470144930.

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Mirlohi, Susan. "Chemical Identification and Flavor Profile Analysis of Iodinated Phenols Produced From Disinfection of Spacecraft Drinking Water." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30997.

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The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is considering the use of iodine for disinfection of recycled wastewater and potable water in the International Space Station (ISS). Like Chlorine and other halogen compounds, iodine can form disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the presence of organic compounds. Recycled wastewater sources proposed for reuse in the space station include laundry, urine, and humidity condensate. These contain large concentrations of iodine-demanding compounds, including phenol (Barkely et al., 1992). Therefore, the potential for the formation of iodine disinfection by-products (IDBPs) is of concern. Based on the characteristics of the ISS recycled wastewater sources and potable water treatment system, a series of experiments was designed to evaluate the formation of IDBPs under different experimental conditions. Studies were conducted by reacting various concentrations of iodine with phenol at pH 5.5 and 8.0.Iodine concentrations of 10 and 50 mg/L and phenol concentrations of 5 and 50 mg/L were used. Reactions were monitored for up to 32 days for the formation of IDBPs. All reactions were maintained at 20 C in dark. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) were used for identification and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds. Spectrophotometry was used to monitor the iodine concentrations. Falvor Profile analysis (FPA) method was used to evaluate the odor characteristics of the phenolic compounds. Reactions of iodine with phenol resulted in the formation of the following by-products: 2-iodophenol, 4-iodophenol, diiodophenols, and 2,4,6-triiodophenol. Most reaction conditions studied resulted in the formation of all or some of the specified iodophenols. The initial mass ratio of iodine to phenol was the major determining factor in the concentrations and types of by-products formed. The IDBPs were formed within one hour after initiation of the reactions. Extended reaction times did not lead to significant increases in the concentration of IDBPs. Under most reaction conditions, mono-subsituted phenols were detected at significantly higher concentrations than di-substituted phenolic compounds; triiodophenol was the major by-product when iodine:phenol mass ratio was 10:1. The greatest number of IDBPs were formed when reaction solutions consisted of 1:1 mass ratio of iodine to phenol. FPA panel indicated the odor threshold concentrations for phenol, 2-iodophenol, and 4-iodophenol were 5 mg/L, less than 1 ug/L, and 1 mg/L respectively. The most common odor descriptions for all these compounds were "chemical", "phenolic", and "medicinal".
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Rød, Kaia Kjølbo. "Sori disinfection in cultivation of Saccharina latissima : Evaluation of chemical treatments against diatom contamination." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18724.

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Diatom contamination is a problem in the early cultivation stages of Saccharina latissima. Macro- and microalgae compete for the same abiotic resources, and diatoms may overgrow and eliminate seedlings of S. latissima if introduced to the macroalgae cultivation system. Germanium dioxide (GeO2), which blocks the cell division in diatoms, has been used as a diatom controller in the growth medium in cultivation of macroalgae. However, the chemical is very expensive and it has been suggested that the chemical inhibit growth of S. latissima seedlings. In the present study, it was desirable to establish a sori disinfection method for large-scale cultivation systems that eliminate diatoms prior to S. latissima spore release. It that was called for a purely chemical disinfection method as mechanical removal of contamination is labour-intensive and costly. Five chemicals, including 130 different trials, were tested on diatoms in free suspension. Acetic acid, sodium hypochlorite and ethanol eliminated diatom growth independent of concentration, exposure time and exposure temperature. Formaldehyde and Lugol’s solution revealed surviving diatoms in the weaker treatments. GeO2 eliminated growth of Chaetoceros muelleri and Skeletonema costatum, but monocultures of Phaeodactylum tricornutum were found at both concentrations (0.1mL L-1 and 0.5mL L-1) eleven days after inoculation. Acetic acid, Lugol’s solution and sodium hypochlorite were tested as sori disinfectants, and GeO2 was used as a negative control for diatom growth. Acetic acid treatments were lethal to both diatoms and S. latissima spores, and GeO2 treatments appeared to have negative influence on fertility and growth of young seedlings of S. latissima. Disinfection with 600ppm sodium hypochlorite or 2% Lugol’s solution, with an exposure time of 2 minutes and exposure temperature of 10°C, followed by two rinsing baths of sterile seawater, gave total elimination of diatoms. No notable effects on spore release, sporophyte growth or early development of young seedling were seen. This implies that disinfection of sori can be done safely by use of these treatments, without concern about reduced quality or quantity of cultivated seaweeds. Sori disinfection was done on disks cut from ripe sori in a disinfecting bath, and no mechanical removal of sori contamination was performed. Sodium hypochlorite was suggested as a new sori disinfectant based on an apparently good safety margin between lethal doses to diatoms and a harmful dose for S. latissima. The chemical also appears to be a widespread disinfectant in aquaculture systems, and can easily be neutralized with thiosulphate.

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LLoyd-Evans, Nellie. "Studies on the survival and chemical disinfection of human rotavirus (Wa) on inanimate surfaces." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4711.

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Horne, William Jeffrey. "Evaluation and Optimization of Control Strategies for Management of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors Within the Northeast Mississippi Water District." MSSTATE, 2005. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04282005-155220/.

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As a result of the EPA?s Disinfection Byproduct Rule, the Northeast Mississippi Regional Water Supply District requested that the Environmental Technology and Applications Laboratory at Mississippi State University conduct a study to develop techniques to comply with new TOC regulations. This study involved the use of jar testing and Enhanced Coagulation in a laboratory setting over a period of twelve months to optimize the various coagulants evaluated in this study. Iron (III) sulfate, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, and a number of polyaluminum chlorides were evaluated in this study. Coagulants were evaluated on both a treatment effectiveness and economical basis. It was determined that an acidified alum solution performed best at meeting EPA standards for total organic carbon reduction, as well as being economically feasible.

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Walczak, Katarzyna, Jessica Thiele, Daniel Geisler, Klaus Boening, and Mieszko Wieckiewicz. "Effect of Chemical Disinfection on Chitosan Coated PMMA and PETG Surfaces—An In Vitro Study." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-236913.

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In oral sciences, chitosan application is of interest due to its antimicrobial and hemostatic activity. Chitosan coating of dentures and other intraoral devices could be beneficial for treatment of denture stomatitis or in the management of postoperative bleeding. Disinfection of dentures and prosthodontic materials is crucial before their use in patients. This study investigated the influence of chemical disinfectants on chitosan-coated surfaces. A total of 100 specimens were made: 50 of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), and 50 of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified) material and coated with 2% chitosan acetate solution. In each material, 5 groups (10 specimens each) were established and disinfected with Printosept-ID (L1), MD 520 (L2), Silosept (L3), or Dentavon (L4), or stored in distilled water (L0, control group). After disinfection, all specimens underwent abrasion tests (30,000 cycles in a tooth-brushing simulator). Areas without chitosan coating were measured by digital planimetry both before and after the disinfection/abrasion procedure and a damage-score was calculated. Regarding chitosan coating, the statistical analysis showed a significant influence of the disinfectants tested and significant differences between disinfectants (p < 0.05). Chitosan coating was most stable on PMMA and PETG after disinfection with MD 520 (L2). Otherwise, active oxygen containing disinfectants (L3, L4) led to the greatest alterations in the chitosan coating.

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Dodd, Jennifer Peters. "Chemical Identification and Organoleptic Evaluation of Iodine and Iodinated Disinfection By-Products Associated with Treated Spacecraft Drinking Water." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36642.

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Aboard the International Space Station, potable water will likely be produced from recycled wastewater. The National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) plans to use iodine as a disinfectant, and, consequently, the formation of iodinated disinfection by-products (IDBPs) requires investigation. Objectives of this research were to determine possible precursors of IDBPs, identify IDBPs formed, and apply flavor profile analysis (FPA) as a tool to evaluate water qaulity. Experiments were performed by separately reacting iodine with each of the following organic compounds: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, acetone, and formaldehyde. NASA previously identified all of these compounds in wastewater sources under consideration for recycling into potable water. Experiments were performed at pH 5.5 and 8, iodine concentrations of 10 and 50 mg/L, and organic concentrations of 5 and 50 mg/L. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to identify and monitor the concentrations of organic species. Spectrophotometry was used to monitor the iodine concentration. Acetone was the only compound identified as an IDBP precursor and it reacted to produce iodoacetone and iodoform. Concentrations of iodoform from 0.34 mg/L to 8.637 mg/L were produced at conditions that included each pH level, iodine concentration, and acetone concentration. The greatest iodoform concentration was produced at pH 8 from 50 mg/L of iodine and acetone. FPA indicated that the odor threshold concentration (OTC) of iodoform was 1.5 ug/L, and the OTC of iodine was 500 ug/L. Both iodine and iodoform have medicinal odors, making it difficult to distinguish each compound when present in a mixture.
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Books on the topic "Chemical disinfection"

1

Ayliffe, G. A. J. Chemical disinfection in hospitals. London: Public Health Laboratory Service, 1985.

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Conference on Progress in Chemical Disinfection (3rd 1986 Binghamton, N.Y.). Proceedings: Third Conference on Progress in Chemical Disinfection (CD-III). Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1988.

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Hoff, J. C. Inactivation of microbial agents by chemical disinfectants. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Hoff, J. C. Inactivation of microbial agents by chemical disinfectants. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Engineering Research Laboratory, 1986.

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Conference on Progress in Chemical Disinfection (3rd 1986 Binghamton, N.Y.). Proceedings, Third Conference on Progress in Chemical Disinfection, CD-III, April 3-5, 1986. [Binghamton, N.Y.]: The Dept., 1986.

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Shafer, Mariana. Development of a novel disinfectant and mechanical-chemical process for disinfection of biomedical waste. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1996.

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International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation (6th 2004 Corfu, Greece). Proceedings of the VIth International Symposium on Chemical and Non-Chemical Soil and Substrate Disinfestation: SD 2004 : Corfu, Greece, October 4-8, 2004. Leuven, Belgium: ISHS Working Group on Soil-borne Pathogens, 2005.

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1948-, Rutala William A., and Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology., eds. Chemical germicides in health care: International Symposium, May 1994. Washington, D.C., USA: Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, 1995.

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Tastayre, Gilles M. Choice and use of chemical sanitizers in the food industry =: Choix et utilisation des désinfectants chimiques dans l'industrie alimentaire. Ottawa, Ont: Agriculture Canada, 1986.

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-Y, Maillard J., and Sattar Syed, eds. Principles and practice of disinfection, preservation, and sterilization. 5th ed. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chemical disinfection"

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Galeano, Luis-Alejandro, Milena Guerrero-Flórez, Claudia-Andrea Sánchez, Antonio Gil, and Miguel-Ángel Vicente. "Disinfection by Chemical Oxidation Methods." In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 257–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/698_2017_179.

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Lowbury, E. J. L., G. A. J. Ayliffe, A. M. Geddes, and J. D. Williams. "Disinfection (1) Types of Chemical Disinfectant and Formulation of Policy for Disinfection." In Control of Hospital Infection, 63–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6884-5_6.

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Sattar, Syed A., and Sabah Bidawid. "Chemical Disinfection Strategies Against Food-borne Viruses." In Viruses in Foods, 265–87. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-29251-9_12.

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McFeters, Gordon A., and Mark W. LeChevallier. "Chemical Disinfection and Injury of Bacteria in Water." In Nonculturable Microorganisms in the Environment, 255–75. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0271-2_15.

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Ohgaki, Shinichiro, and Prasang Mongkonsiri. "Effects of Floc-Virus Association on Chlorine Disinfection Efficiency." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment, 75–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76093-8_5.

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Wawryk, Nicholas, Di Wu, Angela Zhou, Birget Moe, and Xing-Fang Li. "Disinfection: A Trade-Off Between Microbial and Chemical Risks." In A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, 211–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9447-8_13.

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Shen, Wei, Yilin Ge, and Yi Su. "Increasing Disinfection Efficacy of Glutaraldehyde via Chemical and Physical Enhancement." In ACS Symposium Series, 348–61. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0967.ch017.

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Paulsrud, B., and K. T. Nedland. "Full Scale Experiences with Processes for Stabilization and Disinfection of Primary-Chemical Sludge." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment IV, 377–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61196-4_36.

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Savino, A., R. Pasquini, R. Conti, C. Melchiorri, A. Di Caro, L. Sebastiani, A. Grella, and S. Bonacci. "Influence of Waste Water Disinfection Treatments on Some Genotoxic Chemical Micropollutants." In Organic Micropollutants in the Aquatic Environment, 357–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2989-0_47.

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Guizani, Mokhtar, Kento Yajima, Toshikazu Kawaguchi, Ryusei Ito, and Naoyuki Funamizu. "Morphological, Chemical and Electrochemical Carbon Based and Nobel Metal Electrode Characterization for Use in Water Electrochemical Disinfection." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions, 933–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_271.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chemical disinfection"

1

Marchin, George L. "Chemical disinfection under conditions of microgravity." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 387. ASCE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.52076.

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Moe Føre, Heidi, Stine Wiborg Dahle, and Rune H. Gaarder. "Tensile Strength of Nylon Netting Subjected to Various Concentrations of Disinfecting Chemicals." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61519.

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This paper presents a study of traditional netting materials subjected to disinfecting chemicals during fish farming and treatment of net cages. A series of tests were performed in order to study the effect of various concentrations of disinfecting chemicals on the tensile strength of Raschel knitted Nylon netting materials. Simulated spill of diluted hydrogen peroxide to the jump fence during de-lousing did not affect the strength of the applied new and used knotless nylon netting samples. Hydrogen peroxide reacted with biofouling forming gas bubbles, but this did not result in reduced netting strength. The performed tests did not indicate any effect on netting strength from a simulated single, traditional bath disinfection as performed at service stations applying the disinfectant Aqua Des containing peracetic acid. However, increasing the Aqua Des concentration from 1 to 10 % resulted in a strength reduction of 3–6 %. Simulated spill of concentrated Aqua Des on the jump fence of a net with copper coating residuals resulted in a severe reduction in strength of 45 %. This strength loss was probably a consequence of chemical reaction between copper and Aqua Des, and uncoated netting did not experience any loss in strength subjected to the same chemical exposure. These findings from application of Aqua Des should also apply to other peracetic acid disinfection chemicals with trade names as for example Perfectoxid and Addi Aqua.

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Popovych, Olena, Nataliya Vronska, and Ivan Tymchuk. "Disinfection of sewage from municipal wastewater treatment plants of Lviv." In Chemical technology and engineering. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/cte2019.01.342.

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Marchin, George L. "Resistance to chemical disinfection under conditions of microgravity." In Space technology and applications international forum - 1998. AIP, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.54873.

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Hong, Jinglan, and Masahiro Otaki. "Studies on Liposome-encapsulated-chemical Actinometer in UV-disinfection by Low Pressure UV Lamp: Bio-chemical Actinometer in UV-Disinfection." In 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (iCBEB). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbeb.2012.368.

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Sora, Dorin, and Mădălina Doltu. "GRAFTED TOMATOES – ECOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR CHEMICAL DISINFECTION OF SOIL." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/21.

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This study aimed to identification of an ecological alternative for the chemical disinfection of soil in the greenhouses from Romania. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most popular vegetable crops in the world. The carbohydrate, vitamins, salts of important mineral elements and organic acids content of tomato fruits is very important. Tomato crops are very sensitive to climatic vagaries, so fluctuation in climatic parameters at any phase of growth can affect the yield and the fruit quality. Grafting on Solanaceae is a method which has improved and spread quickly during the past years, a similar approach to crop rotation, a practice meant to increase productivity, resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress factors and at increasing fruit quality. The research was conducted in a glass greenhouse of the Horting Institute, Bucharest, Romania. The biological material used was a Romanian tomato hybrid (Siriana F1), a Dutch tomato hybrid (Abellus F1) and four rootstocks, a Dutch tomato hybrid (Emperador F1) and three Romanian tomato cultivars (L542, L543 and L544) obtained from the Research and Development Station for Vegetable Growing, Buzău, Romania. The rootstocks have had resistance to biotic stress factors (soil diseases and pests) and the chemical disinfection of soil has was eliminated. The result of this research are presented in this paper.

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Brune, Timo, Björn Brune, Sascha Eschborn, and Klaus Brinker. "Automatic Visual Detection of Incorrect Endoscope Adaptions in Chemical Disinfection Devices." In 10th International Conference on Health Informatics. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006143003050312.

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Collins, Melanie Sue, Jamie Harris, and Thomas Murray. "Efficacy of Thermal and Chemical Methods of Nebulizer Disinfection of CF Pathogens." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa981.

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Novikov, S. V., V. K. Novikov, and V. V. Tatarinov. "Features of the application of the chemical disinfection method for rocket-space objects." In XLIII ACADEMIC SPACE CONFERENCE: dedicated to the memory of academician S.P. Korolev and other outstanding Russian scientists – Pioneers of space exploration. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5133214.

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Marchin, George L. "Development of resistance to chemical disinfection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa during long-term space flight." In Space technology and applications international forum -1999. AIP, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.57593.

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