Journal articles: 'Chemical engineering Examinations'

1

Podsiadlo, H. "Dilatometric examinations of lead(II) oxychlorides." Journal of Thermal Analysis 37, no. 11-12 (November 1991): 2649–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01912810.

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Bobic, Nikola, Radovan Simonovic, Sasa Drmanic, Stefan Milic, Jasmina Nikolic, Slavisa Stoiljkovic, and Nebojsa Terzic. "The influence of migration processes in gunpowder charge on the quality of mortar ammunition." Chemical Industry 71, no. 3 (2017): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind160414033b.

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The study describes the results of static, physicochemical and ballistic examination of double-based gunpowder charges, in order to establish the deviations from the demanded quality of mortar ammunition. The examinations were carried out on gunpowder samples used for laboration of mortar shells 60, 82 and 120 mm caliber and consisted of periodical measurements of the gunpowder mass loss, basic ballistic parameters, and compatibility testing of gunpowder and celluloid containers as well as chemical stability determination. The estimation of the gunpowder quality was performed by comparative analysis and the suggestions for more efficient production of it were given.

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Qin, Ting Wu, Zhi Ming Yang, Xiang Tao Mo, Jing Cong Luo, Li Deng, and Xiu Qun Li. "Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties of Bio-Derived Compact Bone Scaffolds." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 891–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.891.

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To compare the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the bio-derived compact bone scaffold (BDCBS) with the normal compact bone in human. Human compact bone were harvested and divided into control and experimental group. For the latter, BDCBS was prepared with physical and chemical methods. The major components (calcium, phosphorus, collagen protein) and heavy metal contents of the two groups were determined with biochemical assay. Histological examinations were performed to investigate the structure. Cylindroids from the normal compact bone and the BDCBS (6 in each group) were tested under compression. There was no significant difference between the two groups for major components. In addition, there were a few amounts of heavy metal components in BDCBS and control. Histological examinations confirmed the acellular structure in the BDCBS. Results from mechanical testing showed the compressive strength, elastic modulus and ultimate strain (193MPa, 13.76GPa, and 2.3%) of the BDCBS were a bit lower than those (205MPa, 15.67GPa, and 2.5% respectively) of control, but the differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, there are almost the same matrix structure and composition with similar biomechanical properties between the BDCBS and the control. These results may underscore the potential of the BDCBS in tissue engineering bone.

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Asaduzzaman, M. D., Chand Mohammad, and Islam Mayeedul. "Effects of concentration of sodium chloride solution on the pitting corrosion behavior of AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 17, no. 4 (2011): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq110406032a.

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The pitting corrosion behavior of the austenitic stainless steel in aqueous chloride solution was investigated using electrochemical technique. Corrosion potential (Ecorr) measurement, potentiodynamic experiments, potential-hold experiments in the passive range, and microscopic examination were used for the evaluation of corrosion characteristics. The experimental parameters were chloride ion concentration, immersion time and anodic-hold potential. Ecorr measurements along with microscopic examinations suggest that in or above 3.5 % NaCl at pH 2 pitting took place on the surface in absence of applied potential after 6 hour immersion. The potentiodynamic experiment reveals that Ecorr and pitting potential (Epit) decreased and current density in the passive region increased with the increase of chloride ion concentrations. A linear relationship between Epit and chloride ion concentrations was found in this investigation. The analysis of the results suggests that six chloride ions are involved for the dissolution of iron ion in the pitting corrosion process of austenitic stainless steel.

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Hur, D. H., M. S. Choi, D. H. Lee, M. H. Song, and J. H. Han. "Pitting Corrosion and its Countermeasures for Pressurized Water Reactor Steam Generator Tubes." Corrosion 62, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/1.3279900.

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Abstract Pitting corrosion was the primary cause of the Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) steam generator tube degradation in a Korean pressurized water reactor (PWR) plant. Pulled tube examinations and remedial measures were carried out to mitigate the pitting. Based on the destructive examinations, the main causes of pitting corrosion were considered to be the following: accumulated sludge with a high copper content due to corrosion of copper alloys in the secondary system, acidic crevice conditions caused by chloride from condenser leakage, and ingress of air during layup. Countermeasures such as copper alloy replacement, water chemistry control, and chemical cleaning were implemented to mitigate the pitting. Chemical cleaning was evaluated as the most effective.

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Liu, Feng, Wen Jun Wang, Jun Tao Wang, Li Wei Xiong, Yong Lei Xin, and Xiang Bo Li. "The Structure and Electrochemical Properties of BDD Deposited on Ti Substrate by MWCVD." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 4267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.4267.

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In this paper, Boron doped diamond (BDD) thin films have been deposited on Ti substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition (MWCVD). Raman spectroscopy scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) examinations demonstrate that the electrode has well-defined diamond features. It is observed that the BDD electrode has a high overpotential 2.5V for water electrolysis prohibiting the evolution of oxygen in the cyclic voltammetry test. Further more，the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) is evaluated by the electrochemical oxidation of wastewater containing phenol.

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Rajkovic, Milos, and Dragan Toskovic. "Phosphogypsum surface characterisation using scanning electron microscopy." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 34 (2003): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt0334061r.

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This paper presents the results of application of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to examinations of the samples of natural gypsum and phosphogypsum. Phosphogypsum has a well developed crystalline structure, and appear in two polymorphous forms, of rombic and hexagonal shape crystals. Natural gypsum has a poorly crystalline structure. The differences in crystalline structure influence the chemical behavior of these row materials.

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Wierzchoń, Tadeusz, Halina Garbacz, and M. Ossowski. "Structure and Properties of Ti-Al Intermetallic Layers Produced on Titanium Alloys by a Duplex Treatment." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3883.

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The rapid progress in engineering enhances the demands set on materials requiring better mechanical properties, resistance to frictional wear, corrosion and erosion etc. These demands can be also satisfied by e.g. applying various surface engineering techniques which permit modifying the microstructure, phase and chemical composition of the surface layers produced on the treated parts. A prospective line of the development is the production of the intermetallic layers by combining various methods aimed to improve essentially the performance properties and service life of the treated parts. The paper presents properties of the Al2O3+TiAl3+TiAl+Ti3Al type layer produced on titanium alloy Ti6Al2Cr2Mo by duplex method combined with magnetron sputtering process of aluminium coating with a glow discharge assisted treatment. The results of the examinations: microstructure, chemical and phase composition, frictional wear resistance and mechanical properties are discussed. Produced composite surface layers have the diffusion character and a precisely specified structure, chemical and phase composition and good wear and corrosion resistance what can widen significantly application range of treated parts.

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Huseinov, R., Y. Panchuk, and I. Ryabinin. "SOME ISSUES OF DETERMINING THE CATEGORY ON TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARD OF OBJECTS CATEGORY OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX FORENSIC FIRE ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATIONS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 19, no. 1 (June 2, 2019): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2019.43.

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The aim of this work is to analyze the sources and factors of danger, their structure and the nature of functioning, which under certain circumstances can initiate or cause the threat of emergency situations, as well as the study of the main stages in determining the compliance with the category of industrial hazard of business objects. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that on the territory of Ukraine there is a significant number of objects on which hazardous chemical and biological substances, as well as other hazardous sources and hazard factors, are used in carrying out economic activities in technological processes. Such objects are located mainly in areas with a high concentration of the population, which in turn sharply increases the level of threat to human life and health, worsen the state of the environment and, in the event of accidents or catastrophes, can lead to large material losses. One of the tasks in conducting complex forensic examinations and expert studies is to establish the belonging of a business entity to a certain category of technological safety. For this, it is necessary to analyze their structure and the nature of their functioning in order to establish the fact of the presence or absence of sources of danger, which under certain circumstances can initiate or cause a real threat of emergency situations. In this paper, we consider an algorithm for solving problems of establishing the availability of sources and hazards, determining their ability to initiate an emergency, and further determining the category of industrial hazard to which economic activity belongs. The classification of emergencies by the nature of origin, the extent of distribution, the size of human losses, and material losses is determined. The state, regional, local, object levels of emergency are considered. The main stages are given in determining the compliance with the category of industrial hazard of economic activity objects, which will allow systematizing the research process when performing complex fire engineering, engineering environmental examinations.

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Tung, Min-Che, Kit-Man Fung, Hsin-Mie Hsu, and Tien-Sheng Tseng. "Discovery of 8-prenylnaringenin from hop (Humulus lupulus L.) as a potent monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor for treatments of neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease." RSC Advances 11, no. 49 (2021): 31062–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra05311f.

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Acimovic-Pavlovic, Zagorka, Aurel Prstic, and Ljubisa Andric. "The characterization of talc-based coating for application for Al-Si alloy casting." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 13, no. 1 (2007): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq0701038a.

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In this paper is presented, a correlation of the technological parameters of talc-based coating production and the silumine casting quality obtained by the Evaporate Pattern Casting Method. Special attention was paid to the correlation of refractory coating production, keeping in mind the requirements for application in foundry practice. For the evaluation of the obtained results, comparative examinations were performed with sand mould castings under the same conditions.

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12

Podsiadlo, H. "Dilatometric examinations of the compounds 14PbO·P2O5·2PbCl2 (R) and 29PbO·3P2O5·6PbCl2 (S)." Journal of Thermal Analysis 39, no. 2 (February 1993): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01981729.

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13

Bian, Yong Jun, Wei Shi, Jin Yue Lao, Jie Chen, and Shu Ling Sun. "The Analysis on Causes of Rupture for a Sucker Rod Made of 20CrMo Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.626.

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Multiple types of analysis and examinations are applied to analyze the causes of rupture for a sucker rod made of 20CrMo alloy. Based on the results from macro- and micro-fracture analysis, chemical composition analysis, mechanics test and metallographic examination, the generation of cracks can be attributed to the irregularity and impurity in the coating of sucker rod; the stress fatigue from pulling and pressing and the stress corrosion. There is severe banded segregation, non-metal impurity and un-dissolved ferrite in the interior of the rod, meanwhile the poor heat treatment causes the property differences between the surface and core structures of the rod, thus reduces the overall properties of fatigue- and corrosion-resistance. Stress corrosion makes pits from cracks; the expansion of such corrosion pits reduces the size of effective loading area; and the failure to endure service load due to the reduction of loading area finally causes sudden rupture of the rod.

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KONAT, Łukasz, Jerzy NAPIÓRKOWSKI, and Beata BIAŁOBRZESKA. "STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES AND ABRASIVE- WEAR RESISTANCE OF BRINAR 400 AND BRINAR 500 STEELS." Tribologia 273, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6132.

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In the paper, microstructures and the examination results of abrasive-wear resistance of steel grades Brinar 400 and Brinar 500 are presented. It was found on the grounds of light and electron scanning microscopy that these steels are characterised by subtle differences in microstructures, influencing their mechanical and usable properties. In as-delivered condition, the steels have fine-grained structure with post-martensitic orientation, containing few particles of carbide phases. Such microstructures of Brinar steels and the performed chemical analyses indicate that their properties are formed during specialised operations of thermo-mechanical rolling. Generally, it can be said that the examined steels were designed according to the accepted standards of material engineering, related to low-alloy, high-strength, and abrasive-wear resistant martensitic steels. According to the above, the obtained results of structural examinations of Brinar 400 and Brinar 500 steels were referred to real abrasive-wear indices obtained by the spinning bowl method with use of various abrasive soil masses. The tests carried-out in light soil (loamy sand), medium soil (sandy loam), and in heavy soil (loam), as well as hardness measurements showed strict dependence of abrasive-wear indices on microstructures and the heattreatment condition of the examined steels. Examination results of abrasive-wear resistance of Brinar steels were compared with those of steel 38GSA in normalised conditions.

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Hoppe, Hans-Werner, and Hans-Henning Strehblow. "XPS and UPS examinations of passive layers on Ni and FE53Ni alloys." Corrosion Science 31 (January 1990): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938x(90)90105-e.

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Ryniewicz, Andrzej, Anna M. Ryniewicz, Łukasz Bojko, Paweł Pałka, and Wojciech Ryniewicz. "THE ASSESSMENT OF THE LAYERED STRUCTURE OF PROSTHETIC CROWNS IN MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATIONS." Tribologia 292, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5908.

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Prosthetic crowns are made in accordance with the principles of clinical procedures while taking into account the rules of endurance, biocompatibility, and aesthetics. Depending on the biomaterial and manufacturing technology, crown frameworks are veneered with an appropriate set of ceramics with selected thermal expansion. The veneering layers responsible for tribological cooperation in occlusal contact should properly adhere to the framework. The aim of the research is to conduct the microscopic and EDS chemical analysis to evaluate the process of shaping veneering layers on frameworks produced using new digital technologies, i.e. the technology of milling and laser sintering. The research material consists of specimens produced in perpendicular cross-sections through the layered structures of metal-ceramic, ceramic-veneered glassceramic, and zirconium crowns. The microscopic examinations were carried out using the specimens and included the elemental EDS analysis performed on the surfaces and in certain points. The structures of metal and ceramic frameworks, ceramic veneering layers, and adhesive zones were determined.

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Galaţanu, Sergiu Valentin, Doru Romulus Pascu, Monica Döme, and Sorin Dragoi. "Comparative Assessment of Composite Materials Performance Subjected to Fillet and Butt Welding." Advanced Materials Research 814 (September 2013): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.814.123.

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This study presents a comparative assessment of composite materials performance, based on 80%Al+20%CrC, 82%CuNiAl+18%WC and 82%CuZn48+18%CrC, butt welded and corner welded. This comparative assessment resulted in information regarding the chemical content of the welded joints in percent, macro-microstructure estimation of specific areas of the welded edge joints, and determination of HV5 hardness of specific areas of the welded joints, both for butt welding and corner welding. It was shown that there is a slight variation of chemical composition both for butt welding and corner welding. Also all nanostructured composite materials, butt welded and corner welded, examined for macroscopic and microscopic examinations showed no welding defects. After testing the HV5 hardness of specific areas of butt and corner welded joints, made using WIG and CMT welding processes, the estimator value for structural hardening ΔHV5 between specific areas (WELD, HAZ, BM) was determined.

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Pedramfar, Arezoo, Keivan Beheshti Maal, and Sayed Hossein Mirdamadian. "Phage therapy of corrosion-producing bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia using isolated lytic bacteriophages." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 64, no. 6 (November 6, 2017): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-02-2017-1755.

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Purpose Corrosion-producing microorganisms have different physiology and include sulfate-reducing bacteria, iron oxidizers and magnesium oxidizers. Biocorrosion has been seen in various industries, especially the petrochemicals and oil industries. One proposal to solve this problem is the use of bacteriophages to treat the bacteria-caused corrosion. The aims of this study were isolation and identification of corrosion-producing bacteria from petroleum pipeline corrosion as well as finding their specific bacteriophages for phage therapy purposes. Design/methodology/approach The sample pipes with the corrosion were obtained from the Gandomkar petroleum pipeline station, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran. For screening the corrosion-producing bacteria, the rusted pipe samples were cultured in a selective culture medium, manganese agar. The purified individual colonies were subjected to molecular examinations. For isolating bacteriophages from silversmithing workshops wastewater in Isfahan, whole plate titration methods and transmission electron microscopy were used to isolate and detect phages. Findings The cultivation of corrosion-based material on manganese agar after 18 hours incubation at 30°C resulted in the isolation of cream-colored colonies. The microscopic examinations showed Gram-negative coccobacilli. Based on molecular examinations, the isolated bacteria were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain PBM-IAUF-2 with Genebank accession number of KU145278.1. The found bacteriophage was related to the Siphoviridae family of phages. Originality/value This paper is the first report of isolation and identification of corrosion-producing bacteria and its specific lytic phages from Gandomkar petroleum pipeline station, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran. The biological procedures for preventing the microbial corrosion could be an asset and considered as a potential in the petroleum and industrial microbiology. Phage therapy is considered as one of the economical methods for reducing the biocorrosion.

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Nordin, Gunnar, René Dybkaer, Urban Forsum, Xavier Fuentes-Arderiu, and Françoise Pontet. "Vocabulary on nominal property, examination, and related concepts for clinical laboratory sciences (IFCC-IUPAC Recommendations 2017)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 90, no. 5 (April 25, 2018): 913–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2011-0613.

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Abstract Scientists of disciplines in clinical laboratory sciences have long worked on a common language for efficient and safe request of investigations, report of results, and communication of experience and scientific achievements. Widening the scope, most scientific disciplines, not only clinical laboratory sciences, rely to some extent on various examinations in addition to measurements. The ‘International vocabulary of metrology – Basic and general concepts and associated terms’ (VIM), is designed for metrology, the science of measurement. The aim of this vocabulary is to suggest definitions and explanations of concepts and a selection of terms related to nominal properties, i.e. properties that have no size.

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V’yunov, Oleg, Leonid Kovalenko, and Anatolii Belous. "SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF BARIUM TITANATE STANNATE SOLID SOLUTION." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 85, no. 12 (December 16, 2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/0041-6045.85.11.2019.75-83.

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Solid solutions of barium titanate-stannate, Ba(Ti,Sn)O3 have been investigated. The sequence of phase transformations during the synthesis by solid state reactions technique has been determined, crystallographic and microscopic examinations of polycrystalline ceramics based on Ba(Ti,Sn)O3 solid solutions have been carried out. The laws governing the change in crystallographic parameters and the average grain size as a function of tin content have been shown. Electrophysical investigations of the obtained ceramics have been carried out. It has been found that the dielectric pa-rameters (e and tgd) of Ba(Ti,Sn)O3-based ceramics can be improved and their sintering temperature can be reduced by the addition of 0.5 wt.% manganese oxide(IV) and 2 wt. % of low-melting glass-forming admixture AST (Al2O3–SiO2–TiO2). It has been shown that the obtained materials have promise in creating ceramic capacitors based on them.

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Fukuda, Toshio, and Kenji Inoue. "Special Issue on System Cell Engineering by Multiscale Manipulation." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 19, no. 5 (October 20, 2007): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2007.p0499.

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Recent advancements in micro/nano robotics and mechatronics technology have contributed to the discovery of new scientific knowledge in bioscience and the development of new treatments and examinations in medical fields. To promote interdisciplinary research among the engineering, biological, and medical fields and to promote further progress in these fields, Scientific Research on Priority Areas, ""System Cell Engineering by Multiscale Manipulation (Head Investigator: Toshio Fukuda),"" was begun in 2005. In this research area, we study system cell engineering seeking an understanding of communication and control principles of bare and integration functions of cells. We focus on manipulation technology for work from nano- to macro-scale, i.e., multiscale manipulation. By controlling the local environment around a single cell, we actively induce chemical and physical interaction inside and outside the cell and measure changes. We then work to clarify the mechanism behind the cell system and to realize an artificial cell model based on gene expression control and regenerate tissue by function control. Using innovative engineering technology, we obtain new scientific knowledge in the life sciences and develop medical engineering, ultimately contributing to the good of society. This special issue presents 2 reviews and 13 papers on the latest achievements in this research area. The reviews introduce challenging work in medical and biological fields, presenting suggestions on robotics and mechatronics engineers. Eight of the papers propose novel sensors, actuators, and other devices useful in bioscience and cell engineering. Two papers present methods of manipulating micro/nano-scale objects based on laser manipulation, and 2 concern the teleoperations of micro-hands and micro-manipulators for micromanipulation. The final paper discusses the interaction between living neuronal networks and the outer world. We thank the authors for their invaluable contributions to this issue and the reviewers for their precious time and effort. We also thank the Editorial Board of JRM for making this issue possible.

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Fathi, Amirhosein, Farzad Kermani, Aliasghar Behnamghader, Sara Banijamali, Masoud Mozafari, Francesco Baino, and Saeid Kargozar. "Three-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone/multicomponent bioactive glass scaffolds for potential application in bone tissue engineering." Biomedical Glasses 6, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bglass-2020-0006.

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AbstractOver the last years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has been successfully applied to produce suitable substitutes for treating bone defects. In this work, 3D printed composite scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL) and strontium (Sr)- and cobalt (Co)-doped multi-component melt-derived bioactive glasses (BGs) were prepared for bone tissue engineering strategies. For this purpose, 30% of as-prepared BG particles (size <38 μm) were incorporated into PCL, and then the obtained composite mix was introduced into a 3D printing machine to fabricate layer-by-layer porous structures with the size of 12 × 12 × 2 mm3.The scaffolds were fully characterized through a series of physico-chemical and biological assays. Adding the BGs to PCL led to an improvement in the compressive strength of the fabricated scaffolds and increased their hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the PCL/BG scaffolds showed apatite-forming ability (i.e., bioactivity behavior) after being immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). The in vitro cellular examinations revealed the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds and confirmed them as suitable substrates for the adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, 3D printed composite scaffolds made of PCL and Sr- and Co-doped BGs might be potentially-beneficial bone replacements, and the achieved results motivate further research on these materials.

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Kerri, Kenneth D. "Measurement of Operator Training Benefits." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 10-12 (May 1, 1991): 1811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0636.

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Benefits from operator training programs need to be measured to justify training budgets. Training benefits can be measured by both quantitative and qualitative procedures. Actual benefits from operator training programs are measured in terms of money saved on plant operation and maintenance, improved operator performance on certification examinations, better quality plant effluents, achievement of optimum chemical dose and favorable impressions on regulatory agency personnel. Benefits from training are also described on the basis of public satisfaction, public image, protection of capital investment, compliance with regulations, safety, staff selection and promotion and operator self-esteem.

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Onggar, Toty, Gosbert Amrhein, Anwar Abdkader, Rolf-Dieter Hund, and Chokri Cherif. "Wet-chemical method for the metallization of a para-aramid filament yarn wound on a cylindrical dyeing package." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 10 (June 3, 2016): 1192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516651099.

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High-performance yarns such as aramid fibers are nowadays used to reinforce composite materials due to their advantageous physico-chemical properties and their low weight. They are also resistant to heat and fire. Para-aramid filament yarns (p-AFs) wound on a cylindrical dyeing package have been silvered successfully by means of a newly developed wet-chemical filament yarn metallization process on a laboratory scale. The surface morphology of untreated and silvered p-AF was determined by means of scanning electron microscopy. The chemical structure of the surfaces (contents of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and silver) was determined by means of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The eliminated and newly formed groups of p-AF before and after silvering were detected by infrared spectroscopy (Fourier transform—attenuated total reflectance). After metallization, the silver layer thickness, the mass-related silver content and washing and rubbing fastness were assessed. Furthermore, textile-physical examinations concerning Young's modulus, elongation at break and electrical conductivity were performed. Subsequently, the electrically conductive p-AFs were integrated in thermoset composite materials reinforced by glass fibers and para-aramid.

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Sohi, M. Heydarzadeh, Mahmoud Nili-Ahmadabadi, A. Bahrami Vahdat, and A. Amirsadeghi. "Evaluation of the Role of Alloying Elements in Austemperability of Heavy Section Ductile Iron." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.481.

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In this investigation the role of alloying elements on austemperability of heavy section ductile irons was studied. Four different chemical compositions were chosen in a way to specify an optimal chemical composition with suitable austemperability. Austempering was carried out at 315 and 350oC for 1 hour on specimens prepared from cast Y-blocks with 75 mm thickness. Metallographic examinations and hardness tests indicated that thickness of bainitic layer was positively dependant on the amount of the alloying elements which deferred pearlitic transformation in TTT diagram to the longer time. In addition, by increasing the amount of alloying elements, the morphologies of ferrite in bainitic structure changed from featherlike to acicular. According to the results of this study, in order to achieve a full bainitic structure (in the specimens whit 75mm thickness), the optimal amounts of alloying elements were: 0.35 % Mn, 0.22 % Mo, 1.1-1.4% Ni and 0.6% Cu. In addition, regarding to the thick sections of Y-blocks, graphite degeneration defect was also studied, and it was noticed that this defect could be completely eliminated by adding 50ppm of antimony.

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Lendzion-Bieluń, Zofia, and Marta Gleń. "Studies on the recrystalization of nanocrystalline metals." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-007-0079-7.

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Studies on the recrystalization of nanocrystalline metals The influence of the promoters such as CaO, Al2O3 and K2O on the specific surface area of the nanocrystalline cobalt was determined. The recrystalization process of the nanocrystalline cobalt was determined and compared with the examinations conducted on the iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis. The triply promoted nanocrystalline obtained cobalt after the annealing process, has got greater specific surface area than the triply promoted iron.

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Fukuda, Toshio, Kenji Inoue, and Shoji Maruo. "Special Issue on Advances in System Cell Engineering by Multiscale Manipulation." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 22, no. 5 (October 20, 2010): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2010.p0567.

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Recent advances in micro- and nano-robotics and mechatronics have led to the discovery of new bioscientific knowledge and the development of new methods of medical treatments and examinations. Scientific Research on Priority Areas, “System Cell Engineering by Multiscale Manipulation” (Head Investigator: Toshio Fukuda), was begun in 2005 to promote interdisciplinary research among engineering, biological, and medical fields and to promote progress in these fields. System cell engineering seeks to understand communication and control principles of a single cell focusing on multiscale manipulation - manipulation ranging from nanoscale to macroscale. By controlling the local environment around a single cell, we actively induce chemical and physical interaction inside and outside the cell and measure changes. We then clarify the mechanism behind the cell system, realize an artificial cell model based on gene expression control, and regenerate tissue by function control. Using innovative engineering, we obtain new scientific knowledge on life sciences and develop medical engineering, ultimately contributing to the good of society. Scientific Research on Priority Areas, “System Cell Engineering by Multiscale Manipulation,” was successfully concluded in March 2010. This special issue presents the latest achievements in system cell engineering and multiscale manipulation, following up on the special issue on System Cell Engineering by Multiscale Manipulation in Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics Vol.19, No.5 (October 20, 2007). Two reviews introduce challengingwork in themedical and biological fields, presenting suggestions to robotics and mechatronics engineers. Three papers develop microfluidic devices and embedded sensors. Three more papers present methods of fabricating micropatterns and microstructures using biological cells. Five papers propose novel actuators, tools, devices, and manipulation systems useful in bioscience and cell engineering. The second to the last paper in the series presents a method for micro teleoperation. The final paper discusses the simulation of self-reproduction of cells. We thank the authors for their invaluable contributions to this issue and the reviewers for their precious time and effort. We also thank the Editorial Board of JRM for making this issue possible.

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Stawarz, M., W. Kajzer, A. Kajzer, and M. Dojka. "Physicochemical Properties of Silicon Cast Iron." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0059.

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Abstract The article presents results of pitting corrosion studies of selected silicon cast irons. The range of studies included low, medium and high silicon cast iron. The amount of alloying addition (Si) in examined cast irons was between 5 to 25 %. Experimental melts of silicon cast irons [1-3] were conducted in Department of Foundry of Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice and pitting corrosion resistance tests were performed in Faculty of Biomedical Engineering in Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering of Silesian University of Technology in Zabrze. In tests of corrosion resistance the potentiostat VoltaLab PGP201 was used. Results obtained in those research complement the knowledge about the corrosion resistance of iron alloys with carbon containing Si alloying addition above 17 % [4-6]. Obtained results were supplemented with metallographic examinations using scanning electron microscopy. The analysis of chemical composition for cast irons using Leco spectrometer was done and the content of alloying element (silicon) was also determined using the gravimetric method in the laboratory of the Institute of Welding in Gliwice. The compounds of microstructure were identify by X-ray diffraction.

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Li, Fang, Zhongrong Wang, and Yunfang Jia. "Reduced Carboxylate Graphene Oxide based Field Effect Transistor as Pb2+ Aptamer Sensor." Micromachines 10, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10060388.

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Aptamer functionalized graphene field effect transistor (apta-GFET) is a versatile bio-sensing platform. However, the chemical inertness of graphene is still an obstacle for its large-scale applications and commercialization. In this work, reduced carboxyl-graphene oxide (rGO-COOH) is studied as a self-activated channel material in the screen-printed apta-GFETs for the first time. Examinations are carefully executed using lead-specific-aptamer as a proof-of-concept to demonstrate its functions in accommodating aptamer bio-probes and promoting the sensing reaction. The graphene-state, few-layer nano-structure, plenty of oxygen-containing groups and enhanced LSA immobilization of the rGO-COOH channel film are evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectrum, UV-visible absorbance, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope. Based on these characterizations, as well as a site-binding model based on solution-gated field effect transistor (SgFET) working principle, theoretical deductions for rGO-COOH enhanced apta-GFETs’ response are provided. Furthermore, detections for disturbing ions and real samples demonstrate the rGO-COOH channeled apta-GFET has a good specificity, a limit-of-detection of 0.001 ppb, and is in agreement with the conventional inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. In conclusion, the careful examinations demonstrate rGO-COOH is a promising candidate as a self-activated channel material because of its merits of being independent of linking reagents, free from polymer residue and compatible with rapidly developed print-electronic technology.

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El-Nemr, Khaled F., Heba A. Raslan, Magdy A. M. Ali, and Medhat M. Hasan. "Innovative γ rays irradiated styrene butadiene rubber/reclaimed waste tire rubber blends: a comparative study using mechano-chemical and microwave devulcanizing methods." Journal of Polymer Engineering 40, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0307.

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AbstractWaste tire rubber was comparatively devulcanized by using two-roll mill mechano-chemical and microwave techniques at room temperature. The former technique was performed utilizing tetramethylthiuram disulfide and mercaptobenzothiazole disulfide. The developed devulcanized elastomer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, chemical soluble fraction indication, and cross-link density determination. The blend was mixed in two roll mills by replacing a portion of virgin styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) in a common formulation with the devulcanized waste rubber (DWR) product at various ratios, namely 10, 20 and 50 wt%. The morphological micrographs confirmed marked improvement in compatibility between both rubbery materials. The tensile strength and elastic modulus examinations of the fabricated blends ensured successful substitution of the virgin SBR with DWR. The abrasion resistance of SBR proved unaffected by blending with DWR. The compounded blends were subjected to γ rays at different radiation doses elevated up to 200 kGy and comparatively mechanically investigated.

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Fajri, Faridiah Aghadiati, Muhammad Fakhrurrifqi, Dian Budi Santoso, and Radhian Krisnaputra. "Stay at Home Reservation: The Mitigation Step in Covid-19 Pandemic." IJNMT (International Journal of New Media Technology) 8, no. 1 (June 27, 2021): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ijnmt.v8i1.1837.

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The Covid-19 pandemic condition that has hit the world has had a significant impact on various sectors. Health facilities need information system support in their services. Breaking the distribution chain can be done by maintaining a physical distance. However, in reality, people are still indifferent. There is a possibility that the patient is infected but shows no symptoms or is lying to the point of endangering medical personnel. In addition, there is a stigma in the community so that they are afraid to go to health facilities. Even though it cannot be denied that in certain conditions patients should still have their conditions checked by a doctor. The development of this online registration system aims to reduce the risk of contact between patients and medical personnel. The real-time queue monitoring feature helps patients to wait in line anywhere, so they are not in the patient's waiting room. This system is able to provide real-time queues for examinations in all polyclinics. This can reduce public anxiety about coming to health facilities. Index Terms— Covid-19; Health Facilities; Online Reservation; Pandemic; Realtime Queues

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32

Dobrzański, L. A., A. D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, T. G. Gaweł, and A. Achtelik-Franczak. "Selective Laser Sintering And Melting Of Pristine Titanium And Titanium Ti6Al4V Alloy Powders And Selection Of Chemical Environment For Etching Of Such Materials." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 2039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0346.

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AbstractThe aim of the investigations described in this article is to present a selective laser sintering and melting technology to fabricate metallic scaffolds made of pristine titanium and titanium Ti6Al4V alloy powders. Titanium scaffolds with different properties and structure were manufactured with this technique using appropriate conditions, notably laser power and laser beam size. The purpose of such elements is to replace the missing pieces of bones, mainly cranial and facial bones in the implantation treatment process. All the samples for the investigations were designed in CAD/CAM (3D MARCARM ENGINEERING AutoFab (Software for Manufacturing Applications) software suitably integrated with an SLS/SLM system. Cube-shaped test samples dimensioned 10×10×10 mm were designed for the investigations using a hexagon-shaped base cell. The so designed 3D models were transferred to the machine software and the actual rapid manufacturing process was commenced. The samples produced according to the laser sintering technology were subjected to chemical processing consisting of etching the scaffolds’ surface in different chemical mediums. Etching was carried out to remove the loosely bound powder from the surface of scaffolds, which might detach from their surface during implantation treatment and travel elsewhere in an organism. The scaffolds created were subjected to micro- and spectroscopic examinations

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Jovanovic, Dalibor, Predrag Stojisavljevic, Sveta Cvetanovic, Dusan Rajic, Radovan Karkalic, Negovan Ivankovic, and Zeljko Senic. "Testing of the functional garments with microencapsulated phase-change material in simulated high temperature conditions." Chemical Industry 70, no. 5 (2016): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind150716064j.

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An organic Phase Change Material (PCM) possesses the ability to absorb and release large quantity of latent heat during a phase change process over a certain temperature range. This paper presents results related to thermo-physiological efficiency of special underwear with organic PCM integrated in textile through microencapsulation process. The efficiency of PCM underwear was tested through physiological examinations in simulated high-temperature conditions, where test-subjects were voluntarily exposed to heat stress tests wearing NBC protective suit with PCM underwear (option "THERM") and without it (option "NoTHERM"). It can be concluded that wearing a PCM textile clothes under NBC protective suit, during physical activity in high-tempearture conditions, reduces sweating and alleviates heat stress manifested by increased core and skin temperature and heart rate values.

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Imazaki, Mitsuyasu, Lina Wang, Toru Kawai, Kingo Ariyoshi, and Tsutomu Ohzuku. "Examinations on 2.5V Li[Li1/3Ti5/3]O4/Li[Li0.1Al0.1Mn1.8]O4 cells at −10, 25, and 55°C for the first-generation 12V lead-free batteries." Electrochimica Acta 56, no. 12 (April 2011): 4576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.081.

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Ostrycharczyk, Michał, Krystian Krochmalny, Michał Czerep, Halina Pawlak-Kruczek, and Jacek Zgóra. "Examinations of the sulfur emission from pulverized lignite fuel, under pyrolysis and oxy-fuel combustion condition." Fuel 241 (April 2019): 579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.11.110.

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Taubkin, I. S. "On Improvement of the Quality of Forensic Fire Investigations." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, no. 4 (January 8, 2020): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764//1819-2785-2019-14-4-98-116.

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Circumstances having a significant impact on the quality of the conduct of fire investigations in forensic organizations of various agencies are considered. This mainly follows from the shortcomings of inquest and investigation on this category of cases, inadequate number of verified and recommended for forensic practice methods and computer programs, rare use of existing programs, contradictions of legislative acts regulating fire and explosion safety of different objects, from some experts’ insufficient qualification. Absence of data banks on fires and forensic examinations conducted on them as well as of courts’ decisions is common; there is no experimental base to research the fire risk indicators and physical and chemical properties of substances and materials along with the characteristics of their ignition and combustion considering all the conditions of the fire.It is shown that further development of fire forensics and its effectiveness will largely depend on the progress in addressing the aforementioned shortcomings as well as on the success of the academic pursuits and of undertaking the necessary engineering research.

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37

Walter, R., J. Dürkop, B. Friedman, and H. J. Dobberkau. "Interactions Between Biotic and Abiotic Factors and Viruses in a Water System." Water Science and Technology 17, no. 10 (October 1, 1985): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0104.

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A river intensively used along its entire course for extracting potable water and for discharging domestic and industrial effluents permanently carries a high load of viruses, including hepatitis A and rotaviruses. In the areas supplied with potable water from this river hepatitis A is endemic. The river has been investigated four times at 16 or more sampling points throughout its course in the years 1981, 1982 and 1983. Coincident with the virological investigation, biological, microbiological and chemical examinations were conducted with the same water sample. At some representatively distributed sampling points along the river course, tests for heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb) and selected chemical compounds were also performed. The virological quality of the river water largely depends on the virus input via domestic sewage. Statistically significant correlations have been found between virus level, pH, NH4+ and NO3−. Amoebae species are likely to counteract viruses. Knowing the dynamics of river water exploitation above the extraction sites, a model for the estimation of virus content in the raw water could be developed.

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38

Lewandowski, Grzegorz, and Jan Ćwirko. "Application of the design of experiments in the epoxidation process of 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-007-0093-9.

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Application of the design of experiments in the epoxidation process of 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene An influence of the molar ratio of cis, trans, trans-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene to tert-butyl hydroperoxide, the concentration of the catalyst and the reaction time on the performance of the epoxidation process of cis, trans, trans-1,5,9-cyclodecatriene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide at the presence of molybdenum hexacarbonyl Mo(CO)6 was examined. Examinations were performed using statistical methods of the design of experiments. A mathematical model describing the influence of the parameters on conversion cis, trans, trans-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene was obtained. An analysis of the data and rests was performed and an optimal value of conversion of cis, trans, trans-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene was established.

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39

Rammacher, J., and J. Hansen. "Control of nutrient removal based on simple measurement values." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0005.

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For economical and process-technical reasons it can be useful for small waste water treatment plants (WWTP) to influence the essential manipulated variables of nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes by means of control. The precipitant dosage should be optimized within the framework of physico-chemical elimination of phosphorus in terms of control techniques. In the following, field tests at a municipal WWTP for the design and the step by step optimization of fuzzy control will be explained and problems occurring with it will be depicted. The presented examinations are dealing with the optimization of precipitant dosage, using mostly available and easy measurable parameters. Compared to conventional strategies a significant reduction of the precipitant amount could be reached with generally lower phosphorus effluent values.

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40

Pasternak, Jerzy, and Janusz Dobrzanski. "Properties of Welded Joints on Superheater Coils Made from New Generation High Alloy Martensitic Steels Connected to Austenitic Creep-Resisting Steels and Supper Alloy Grades, for Supercritical Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 278 (July 2011): 466–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.278.466.

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The continuously developing power generation sector, including boilers with supercritical parameters, requires applications of new creep-resistant steel grades for construction of boilers steam superheater components. Therefore, this paper contains selected information, results of the research and implementation process including: - evaluation, comparison of requested properties of base material and welded joints, such as tensile strength, impact strength and technological properties, - destructive examinations with evaluation of welded joints and HAZ structure and hardness distribution, - influence of manufacturing process in large boilermaker conditions and after simulated operation. A new creep-resistant steels to be used, in order to comply with the operational requirements, as to assure the appropriate reliability and safety of the boiler equipment in operation process. This document presents a simplified analysis of martensitic steels from group 9-12% Cr (T91, T92, HCM12A, VM12) and austenitic steels Cr-Ni (TP347FG, SUPER 304H, HR3C), having the chemical composition as presented in tables 1 and 2, which are to be applied for steam superheater components.

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41

Voncina, M., M. Petric, P. Mrvar, and J. Medved. "Thermodynamic characterization of solidification and defects that occur in Mg-alloy AM60." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 53, no. 2 (2017): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb160609009v.

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The AM60 alloy was thermodynamically examined using chemical analysis, thermodynamic calculation made by ThermoCalc program, ?in situ? thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), whereas the microstructure constituents were confirmed using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At the eutectic temperature of 437 ?C the equilibrium solubility of Al in Mg is 12.6 wt. % Al. On the boundaries of the primary Mg grains the intermetallic compound of Al12Mg17 is precipitating according to the solvus line of the Mg-Al phase diagram. Solidification of the AM60 alloy has been investigated using ?in situ? simple thermal analysis. The investigation of solidification has been taking place by evaluation of the cooling curves in connection with metallographic examinations, differential scanning calorimetry and thermodynamic calculations. All defects, nonmetallic inclusions and intermetallic compounds that occur in investigated AM60 alloy were identified.

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42

Bakar, Abu, Valendriyani Ningrum, Shih-Chieh Lee, Chi-Ting Li, Chang-Wei Hsieh, Sue-Hong Wang, and Ming-Shun Tsai. "Therapeutic Effect of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Leaf Extract on Oral Mucositis Model Rats Induced by 5-Fluororacil via Influencing IL-1β and IL-6 Levels." Processes 9, no. 4 (March 31, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9040615.

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Oral mucositis (OM) is the oral inflammation as manifestation of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Cinnamomum osmophloeum (CO), of which the constituents possess anti-inflammatory activities, may have potential to alleviate OM. In this study, laboratory rats were injected with 5-Fluororacil and their oral mucosa were irritated by 18-gauge needle pouching to induce OM. Rats were randomly divided into six experimental groups: without treatment (WT), only 100 mg/mL CO leaf extract (COLE) treatment (100-only), only 5-Fluororacil treatment (5-FU), 5-FU then treated with Triamcinolone acetonide orobase (5-FU+G), 5-FU then treated with 50 mg/mL COLE, and 5-FU then treated with 100 mg/mL COLE (5-FU+100). Body weights and food and water intakes during the experimental period were recorded. Macroscopic examination, histopathological analyses, and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels of these rats were evaluated or determined. No significant difference was found between the WT and 100-only groups. Results of macroscopic examinations, histopathological analyses, body weight changes, food and water intakes, and serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels showed significant therapeutic effects of the 5-FU+100 group compared to the 5-FU group. These finding suggest that COLE can be one of potential remedies for OM therapy through influencing proinflammatory cytokine levels.

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43

Lin, Hao-Tung, Jow-Lay Huang, Wen-Tse Lo, and Wen-Cheng J. Wei. "Investigation on Carbonizing Behaviors of Nanometer-sized Cr2O3 Particles Dispersed on Alumina Particles by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition in Fluidized Bed." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 2154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0268.

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Nanoscaled Cr2O3 powder with an average particle size of 20–40 nm, coated on alumina particles, has been produced by means of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in a fluidized chamber, using the pyrolysis of Cr(CO)6 precursor. Amorphous and crystalline Cr2O3 particles were obtained when the temperatures of the pyrolysis were 300 and 400 °C, respectively. To prepare nanoscaled Cr3C2 powder from the nanometer-sized Cr2O3, carbonizing behavior of the Cr2O3 particles was investigated. It was found that, when amorphous Cr2O3 powders were carbonized in graphite furnace at 1150 °C for 2 h in vacuum (10−3 Torr), the powder was transformed into Cr3C2, while the crystalline Cr2O3 was transformed into a mixture of Cr7C3 and Cr3C2. The examinations by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the transformation of the nano-sized Cr3C2 powders. The results of thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis indicated that the transformation temperature was ∼1089 °C for amorphous Cr2O3 and ∼1128 °C for crystalline Cr2O3.

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44

Ghosh, Ashish Kumar. "Theoretical and experimental examinations to substantiate the structure of coal derived asphaltene by formation of complex with o-chloranil." Fuel 276 (September 2020): 118067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118067.

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45

. Anitha, R., and Subramanian Chitra. "CORROSION RESISTANCE OF Cissus quadrangularis EXTRACTS ON METAL IN AGGRESSIVE MEDIUM: GRAVIMETRIC AND SURFACE EXAMINATIONS." Rasayan Journal of Chemistry 12, no. 03 (2019): 1326–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2019.1235195.

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Ju, Yiguang, Goro Masuya, Fengshan Liu, Hongsheng Guo, Kaoru Maruta, and Takashi Niioka. "Further examinations on extinction and bifurcations of radiative CH4/air and C3H8/air premixed flames." Symposium (International) on Combustion 27, no. 2 (January 1998): 2551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(98)80107-0.

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47

Li, Q., E. Johnson, A. Johansen, and L. Sarholt-Kristensen. "On glass formation in rapidly solidified aluminum-based alloys." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 10 (October 1992): 2756–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.2756.

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Thermodynamic properties of the melts of several Al–Y and Al–Fe–Y alloys are studied by means of calibrated differential thermal analysis. The results can be used to optimize process parameters of rapid solidification which are important for glass formation in the Al-based alloys. Close examinations of the melt-spun alloys show that the process parameters, particularly the temperature of the melts, will influence not only the amorphicity and the chemical short-range order but also the crystallization process of the glasses. A key point of glass formation in the Al-based alloys is found to be related to the content in the melts of a certain amount of the intermetallic compounds which are gradually dissolved in the premelted α Al matrix.

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48

Astashinsky, Valentin M., Evgeny A. Kostyukevich, Oleg A. Ivashkevich, Anatoly I. Lesnikovich, and Vasily A. Krasitsky. "A study of the phenomenon of liquid-flame combustion I. Visual examinations and high-speed photography." Combustion and Flame 96, no. 3 (February 1994): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(94)90015-9.

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Pesic, Milan, Tatjana Maksin, Gabrijela Jordanov, Rajko Dobrijevic, and Zoja Idjakovic. "Study of corrosion of aluminium alloys of nuclear purity in ordinary water, пart one." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 19, no. 2 (2004): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp0402077p.

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Effects of corrosion of aluminum alloys of nuclear purity in ordinary water of the spent fuel storage pool of the RA research reactor at VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences has been examined in the frame work of the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project "Corrosion of Research Reactor Aluminum-Clad Spent Fuel in Water" since 2002. The study presented in this paper comprises activities on determination and monitoring of chemical parameters and radio activity of water and sludge in the RA spent fuel storage pool and results of the initial study of corrosion effects obtained by visual examinations of surfaces of various coupons made of aluminum alloys of nuclear purity of the test racks exposed to the pool water for a period from six months to six years.

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50

Gojic, Mirko, and Miodrag Stojanovic. "The investigation of influence of adhesion promoters on adhesion bond between vulcanisate and zinc coated steel cord in products based on mixtures of natural and 1,4-cis-polybutadiene rubber." Chemical Industry 61, no. 6 (2007): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0706364g.

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The mixtures of elastomer compounds based on natural and 1,4-cispolybutadiene rubber of 80:20 ratio, were used for the investigation of adhesion promoters influence on adhesion of vulcanisate to steel cord. Ni-stearate and resorsynol-formaldehyde resin combined with hexamethylenetetramine in various mass ratios were included as adhesion promoters. Elastomer mixtures were prepared using a laboratory double mill, and the rheological and vulcanization characteristics were examined on a vulcameter provided with an oscillating disc, a higher temperature of 145 ?C. The crosslinking of the mixture was carried out by press, at a temperature of 145 ?C and specific pressure of 40 bar, in period of 45 minutes. A wide number of standardized methods for physical mechanical characterization of vulcanization prior and after accelerated aging were used. The adhesion of vulcanizate bond with zinc coated steel cord was determined according to the so called H-test, by measuring the pulling-out force of the cord from the vulcanized block, and the degree of coverage of cord with vulcanizate after separation. The results of examinations show significant dependence of physico-mechanical characteristics and adhesion forces on the type and amount of used adhesion promoters in experimental elastomer mixtures.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Chemical engineering Examinations'

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