Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chemical engineers

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Chemical engineers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Chemical engineers"

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Heydorn, K., and Elo Harald Hansen. "Metrology for chemical engineers." Accreditation and Quality Assurance 6, no. 2 (February 8, 2001): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00010442.

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Emmert, Richard E. "Chemical Engineers: At the Forefront." Science 249, no. 4973 (September 7, 1990): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.249.4973.1094.c.

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Emmert, Richard E. "Chemical Engineers: At the Forefront." Science 249, no. 4973 (September 7, 1990): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.249.4973.1094-c.

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Shallcross, D. C., and M. J. Parkinson. "Teaching Ethics to Chemical Engineers." Education for Chemical Engineers 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/ece.05011.

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Peachey, B., R. Evitts, and G. Hill. "Project Management for Chemical Engineers." Education for Chemical Engineers 2, no. 1 (January 2007): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/ece06019.

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Rossiter, J. A. "Introducing PI to chemical engineers." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 45, no. 11 (2012): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20120619-3-ru-2024.00008.

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Emmert, R. E. "Chemical Engineers: At the Forefront." Science 249, no. 4973 (September 7, 1990): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.249.4973.1094-b.

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Shallcross, David C. "Teaching ethics to chemical engineers." Education for Chemical Engineers 5, no. 2 (May 2010): e13-e21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2009.12.001.

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Orazem, Mark E. "Editorial overview: If chemists make chemicals and chemical engineers make money, what do electrochemical engineers do?" Current Opinion in Electrochemistry 20 (April 2020): A2—A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2020.06.008.

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Wilkinson, Derek. "Introducing CFD to Undergraduate Chemical Engineers." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 26, no. 2 (April 1998): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030641909802600204.

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CFD (computational fluid dynamics) has become readily accessible and is widely applied in many aspects of the processing industries. A short introduction to CFD has been included in undergraduate Chemical Engineering courses with the aim of giving students an appreciation of its principal features. This comprised three lectures followed by practical experience of commercial CFD software applied to four simple fluid flow problems. A leading aim of the course has been to encourage a sceptical approach to initial results and to indicate methods by which their validity should be established.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Chemical engineers"

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Gissing, Philip School of Science &amp Technology Studies UNSW. "Sir Philip Baxter, Engineer: The Fabric of a Conservative Style of Thought." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Science and Technology Studies, 1999. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17017.

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This thesis is concerned with the life and career of Sir Philip Baxter (1905-1989), particularly during the period following his arrival in Australia from England in 1950. But the thesis is not a conventional biographical study in terms of either the sources used or its guiding themes. Instead, my subject's values and attitudes are portrayed as reflections of a 'conservative style of thought', a concept developed by Karl Mannheim. This approach, centred on close readings of key texts, permits a deeper understanding of a figure who polarised opinion over a long career as Chairman of the Australian Atomic Energy Commission, and as Vice-Chancellor of the University of NSW. My picture of Baxter draws significantly on the Archives of the University of NSW, which provided the bulk of my primary sources, such as correspondence files, typescripts of articles and talks, newspaper clippings, official documents and personal memorabilia. This material is a substantial but curiously unrevealing source for Baxter's life. Although I rely largely on written material, on several important occasions I refer to discussions I had with Baxter's children, colleagues and students. Insights thereby gained into Baxter's childhood reading, and the circumstances of the composition of his play, The Day the Sun Rose in the West, profoundly influenced my portrayal of Baxter. Throughout, I argue for an appreciation of the significance of such material, even though in a more conventional study of an engineer/administrator it would be thought of only marginal interest. In Baxter's case, certainly, careful interpretation of such material enables the construction of a compelling portrait of the man despite the unrevealing primary records and the still often fervently partisan personal recollections of those who knew him. My major conclusion is that previous characterisations of Baxter as a cold war warrior of the post-war period in Australia have failed to appreciate the complexity and coherence of his attitudes and philosophy. Secondly, I demonstrate that the notion of a 'conservative style of thought' captures that complexity as evidenced in the many facets of Baxter's career and interests.
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Merchant, Shamel Sarfaraz. "Molecules to engines : combustion chemistry of alcohols and their application to advanced engines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98711.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 237-266).<br>A major challenge in energy is the identification of viable liquid fuels as alternatives to petroleum-based fuels. There are a wide variety of candidate fuels to select from and assessing each new fuel is far from trivial. Small variations in chemical structure can cause large changes in a fuel's performance. Simultaneously, engine designs are also changing rapidly. Accurately predicting how new fuels will perform in future engines are in many ways more valuable than knowing which fuels perform well in today's engines. Predictive theoretical modeling is required to efficiently screen candidates. The selection of a good candidate fuel requires the development of detailed kinetic models capable of accurately predicting fuel behavior over the entire range of engine operating conditions. Despite the fact that most literature models succeed to accurately predict primary combustion products and high temperature ignition delay, two areas require further scientific understanding: peroxy chemistry and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation. The first section of this thesis describes significant contributions to both these areas. Peroxy chemistry is important for accurately predicting ignition in future engine designs based on the concept of low temperature combustion (LTC). This thesis provides a clear explanation of how peroxy chemistry affects low temperature ignition behavior. Simple analytical expressions are provided for the time constant for radical growth and first-stage ignition delay. To improve the understanding of PAH formation, abintio calculations to indene and naphthalene from cyclopentadiene and cyclopentadienyl radical were performed. The calculated gas phase rate constants and thermochemistry were used to develop the first elementary micro-kinetic model for the formation of indene and naphthalene from cyclopentadiene. The model is validated against cyclopentadiene pyrolysis data in flow reactors. The second section of this thesis presents a combined computational-experimental approach to rapidly construct accurate combustion chemistry simulations for alcohol fuels. In this approach experiments and quantum chemical calculations are carried out in parallel, informing an evolving chemical kinetic model. This approach was used to understand and predictively model the combustion chemistry of iso-butanol and pentanol isomers. Detailed kinetic models for iso-butanol and pentanol isomers are presented which are validated against a large number of datasets spanning the entire range of operating conditions seen during real engine operation. We see that for many performance parameters, the model predictions are as accurate as experiment and help provide mechanistic insight into differing reactivity of a fuel's isomers. Lastly, we show how detailed kinetic model can be applied in multi-dimensional CFD simulations of a new type of engine, the reactivity controlled compression ignition engine (RCCI), in order to make predictions of how iso-butanol will affect the engine efficiency and emissions. This thesis covers the entire process of predictively accessing a fuel by taking a new fuel molecule, developing a detailed model, and evaluating it in a new engine design in order to make informed decisions.<br>by Shamel Sarfaraz Merchant.<br>Ph. D.
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Brunelli, Andrea <1984&gt. "Advanced physico-chemical characterization of engineered nanomaterials in nanotoxicology." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4656.

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L'ampio utilizzo di nanomateriali ingegnerizzati (ENM) in svariati prodotti sta suscitando una crescente attenzione sull potenziale rischio di ENM nei confronti della salute umana e l'ambiente. Nonostante le indagini tossicologiche fin qui condotte, solo in poche di esse è stata condotta la caratterizzazione di ENM prima, durante e dopo i test tossicologici. In questa tesi, all’interno del progetto europeo EU-FP7 (ENPRA) e nazionale (PRIN 2009), è stata effettuata una caratterizzazione completa di alcuni più diffusi ENM (i.e. n-TiO2, n-ZnO, n-Ag e MWCNT). In primo luogo, sono stati aggiornati i dati di caratterizzazione primaria con ulteriori analisi; inoltre, è stata effettuata la caratterizzazione secondaria di ENM, indagando il loro comportamento in matrici ambientali. I risultati ottenuti mostrano che la stabilità di ENM è stata principalmente influenzata da agenti stabilizzanti (in mezzi biologici) e dalla concentrazione iniziale di ENM (in acque sia artificiali e reali). Inoltre, la biodistribuzione di ENM negli organi studiati è stata maggiormente influenzata dalla composizione chimica e dimensione delle particelle indagate. Sono discussi sia l'approccio di caratterizzazione proposto che l'implicazione dei risultati ottenuti.<br>The extensive use of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in both industrial and consumer products is triggering a growing attention on the potential risk of ENM posed to human health and the environment. Despite the intensive toxicological investigations, both in vitro and in vivo, only few of them have embedded a solid characterization approach, including the study of ENM before, during and after toxicological testing. Within EU-FP7 (ENPRA) and national (Toxicological and environmental behaviour of nano-sized titanium dioxide) projects activities, a comprehensive characterization of both inorganic (n-TiO2, n-ZnO, n-Ag) and organic (multiwalled carbon nanotubes, MWCNT) ENM was carried out, updating and adding primary characterization data, investigating particle size, shape, crystallite size, crystalline phases, specific surface area, pore volume as well as inorganic impurities of concern. Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, BET method and Inductively coupled plasma- mass spectrometry or optical spectroscopy were the employed techniques. With regard to the secondary characterization of ENM, the study was divided in: (a) assessing the engineered nanoparticles (ENP) behavior in biological (0.256 mg ENP/ml) as well as in real and synthetic waters (environmentally realistic concentrations: 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg n-TiO2 P25/l) over different time interval (24 h in biological media instead of 50 h in water media) to mimic duration of toxicological tests, by means of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), analytical centrifugation and nephelometry; (b) evaluating the ENM biodistribution in a secondary target organ (i.e. mice brain) after intratracheally instillation of ENM (0, 1, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 ug ENM/animal tested), achieved by a microwave-assisted digestion method, followed by ICP-MS analysis, after selecting inorganic elements (i.e. Ti, Zn, Ag, Al and Co) as tracers of ENM presence in biological tissues. To investigate the ENP behavior in biological media and ENM biodistribution in mice, both dispersion protocols of the selected ENP and analytical protocols for ENM detection after toxicological testing were provided. The study of ENP stability in biological media highlighted that the fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the main parameter affected the ENP behavior. Among biological media tested, the largest size distributions, immediately after sample preparation, were irecorded for n-TiO2 NRCWE-003 dispersions. n-ZnO NM-111 dispersions were the most stable (12% average demixing, simulating 24 h of real sedimentation), except for Ag NM-300, originally received as dispersion (<1% average demixing). As expected, the ENP sedimentation rates investigated in the biological medium without any stabilizer (i.e. RPMI), were the highest for the whole set of ENP tested. In general, the highest sedimentation rates were recorded for n-TiO2 NM-101 and n-Ag 47MN-03 dispersions (51% average demixing, simulating 24 h of real sedimentation). The study of the n-TiO2 P25 stability in waters showed that agglomeration and sedimentation of n-TiO2 were mainly affected by the initial concentration. Sedimentation data fitted satisfactorily (R2 average: 0.90; 0.74<R2>0.98) with a first- order kinetic equation. The settling rate constant, k, increased by approx. one order of magnitude by moving from the lowest to the highest concentration, resulting very similar especially for all dispersions at 1 (k = 8•10-6 s-1) and 10 mg/l (k = 2•10-5 s-1) n- TiO2, regardless the ionic strength and composition of dispersions. The results from ENM biodistribution underlined that the chemical composition and the particle size were the main parameters that influenced the ENM partitioning into organs. Ti from n-TiO2 samples with the smallest particle size distribution tested (80-400 nm and 4-100 nm) and Al from MWCNT samples were the only inorganic tracers detected in mice brain. The whole characterization approach and the implication of these results are discussed.
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Kuforiji, Folashade. "The investigation of surface chemical and nanotopographical cues to engineer biointerfaces." Thesis, Keele University, 2015. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2351/.

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This thesis is focused on understanding the fundamental physical interaction occurring, when a material interacts with a biological fluid containing protein molecules and cells. The interaction of proteins with defined surface chemistry and nanotopography is of major interest in the field of biomaterials. Despite the degree of research undertaken to study this interface, there is still a lack of understanding of how the protein layer evolves with respect to surface parameters, and further how cells condition the surface. By understanding these processes, advanced biomaterial coatings may be developed that allow control over specific cell responses to direct healing processes. Colourimetric and fluorometric assays were carried out to assess protein-surface affinity and amount of protein adsorption. Infrared spectroscopy was used to quantify protein conformational changes incurred upon adsorption on defined nanoscale surfaces presenting a range of chemical functional groups. Model experiments were performed using bovine albumin and fibrinogen adsorbing onto surfaces presenting defined surface chemistry: OH, COOH, NH2, and CH3. Surface curvature on the nanoscale was used to model topography on the same length scale as protein molecules. Silica colloidal dispersions were prepared in batches,11-215 nm diameters allowing chemical modification whilst keeping nanotopography constant. 3T3 fibroblasts were cultured over a library of surfaces presenting a spectrum of batches chemical functionality and nanostructure. Changes in cell attachment, morphology, migration and proliferation were examined. Media was removed at two different time points of 30 minutes and 24 hours, and examined to identify changes in fibroblast secreted proteins. Liquid chromatography was used to separate the cell culture media after incubation with cells over various chemically functionalised surfaces. Electrospray ionisation (ESI) and matrix assisted laser desorption (MALDI) mass spectrometry were used to identify changes in media with respect to the varying surfaces used and over time. The studies presented in this thesis give a better understanding of the interaction between silica nanoparticles and protein molecules, including conformational changes that occur when protein adsorbs on the nanoparticle; the effect of surface nanotopography and defined chemistry on protein adsorption is examined with respect to both chemical functionality and nanotopography. Clear differences were observed in the amount of protein adsorbed and its structural presentation when bound. The strength of the interaction, described through isotherm fitting, gave insight into the mechanism of competitive protein binding. Surface curvature on the nanoscale was also found to act synergistically with surface chemistry to dictate the dynamic accumulation of protein at the surface interface. In the later chapter discussion is given in terms of cell-surface interaction. Experimental evidence is shown for different mass spectroscopic analysis of reduced complexity media following initial cell-surface interaction and that after 24 hours. From this it is postulated that cell secretions are effected through interaction with the surface, with these changes being significant even after 30 minutes of cell culture with the defined surfaces. These changes are specific to the presented surface as they do not alter with respect to longer culture periods, but media are clearly different collected from cells cultured on different surfaces. This research will help solve challenges facing materials science, understand biological responses to surroundings and help in the development and advance of medical devices, drug delivery, therapeutics and diagnostics.
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Miller, Shannon L. "Theory and implementation of low-irreversibility chemical engines /." May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Tseng, Hsien-Chung Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Production of pentanol in metabolically engineered Escherichia coli." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65767.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-160).<br>Public concerns about global warming and energy security contribute to an ever-increasing focus on biologically-derived fuels, leading to significant interest in several candidate molecules capable of complementing petroleum-derived fuel resources. Ethanol, one of the most developed biofuels, is used extensively as a gasoline additive. However, the high water miscibility of ethanol creates corrosion problems when transporting the fuel by pipelines. Furthermore, the low energy density of ethanol limits its fuel efficiency. Thus, it is important to explore alternative biofuels with properties that are more similar to conventional gasoline. With a higher energy density, enhanced physical properties that would allow better integration with current infrastructure, pentanol represents an excellent alternative, and has the potential to be a replacement for gasoline. The primary objective of my thesis work is to construct pentanol biosynthetic pathways in Escherichia coli, offering the possibility of producing pentanol from renewable carbon sources through microbial fermentations. We used butanol synthesis as a platform from which microbial synthesis of pentanol can be obtained. To explore the possibility of employing the butanol pathway enzymes for pentanol biosynthesis, we implemented a bypass/feeding strategy to thoroughly evaluate the ability of those enzymes to act on five-carbon substrates. Additionally, by boosting the intracellular NADH availability, we achieved up to 85 mg/L pentanol from glucose and propionate, providing an initial proof-of-concept of a functional and feasible pentanol biosynthetic pathway in E. coli. Furthermore, a platform pathway was established for synthesis of value-added chiral 3-hydroxyalkanoic acids with applications ranging from chiral building blocks to high-value pharmaceuticals. Of significance, such pathway was constructed as one portion of the pentanol pathway, illustrating versatility of our pentanol pathway as it can be modularized for synthesis of various valuable chemicals. Altogether, our results suggest that direct microbial synthesis of pentanol solely from glucose or glycerol can be realized once an efficient redox balancing within the recombinant strains is ensured. As construction of desired biosynthetic pathways is just the first step toward economically viable pentanol production, increasing the titer, yield, and productivity will ultimately determine the feasibility of such pathways.<br>by Hsien-Chung Tseng.<br>Ph.D.
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Algharrawi, Khalid Hussein Rheima. "Production of methlxanthines by metabolically engineered E. coli." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5904.

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Methylxanthines are natural and synthetic compounds found in many foods, drinks, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Aside from caffeine, production of many methylxanthines is currently performed by chemical synthesis. This process utilizes many chemicals, multiple reactions, and different reaction conditions, making it complicated, environmentally dissatisfactory, and expensive, especially for monomethylxanthines and paraxanthine. In this work, we developed a novel biocatalytic platform for the production of methylxanthines from economic feedstocks; bench scale production of three different methlxanthines, theobromine, 3 and 7-methylxanthines has been demonstrated. The biocatalytic process used in this work operates at 30 OC and atmospheric pressure, and is environmentally friendly. The biocatalyst was E. coli BL21(DE3) engineered with ndmA/D or ndmB/D genes combinations. These modifications enabled specific N1 and N3- demethylation of caffeine, theophylline and theobromine to theobromine & paraxanthine, 3-methylxanthine and 7-methylxanthine respectively. This common production platform consists of uniform fermentation conditions with a specific metabolically engineered strain, uniform induction of specific enzymes for methylxanthine production, uniform recovery and preparation of biocatalyst for reaction and uniform recovery of pure products. Many E. coli BL21(DE3) strains metabolically engineered with single and/or multiple ndmA/D or ndmB/D genes were tested for catalytic activity, and the best strains which had the higher activity were chosen to carry out the N-demethylation reaction to produce the higher value methylxanthines. Strain pDdA had the highest activity for the production of 3-methylxanthine from theophylline; strain pAD1dDD had the highest activity for the production of theobromine from caffeine, and strain pBD2dDB had the highest activity for the production of 7-methylxanthine from theobromine. Each of these strains were used to find the optimum amount of cells required to achieve complete conversion of substrates to product(s) within two hours. It was found that 15 mg/mL resting cells concentration of pDdA strain was required to completely N-demethylate 1 mM theophylline to 3-methylxanthine (81% conversion) and 1-methylxanthine (13%). Also, 15 mg/mL resting cells concentration of pAD1dDD strain was required to completely convert 1 mM caffeine to theobromine (98.5% conversion) and paraxanthine (1.5%). The optimum concentration of pBD2dDB strain to achieve 100% conversion of 0.5 mM theobromine to 7-methylxanthine was 5 mg/mL. Moreover, coffee post -brew waste was used as a source of caffeine, which was completely utilized by 25 mg/mL resting cells pAD1dDD strain to theobromine by a conversion of 97%. The cell growth of each specific strain was studied using different growth media, including Luria-Bertani Broth, Terrific Broth, and Super Broth. In all cases, super broth was found to be the best medium to produce the highest amount of cell paste. The amount of cell paste produced from 100 mL Super broth medium after 14-16 hour of growth was found to be 0.9, 0.9, and 1.5 g for pDdA, pAD1dDD, and pBD2dDB strains respectively. Subsequently, each reaction was scaled up to produce 100-300 mg pure methylxanthines products, and therefore cell growth was also scaled up (1-4 L) to produce adequate amount of biocatalyst to carry out these larger scale reactions. 1.3 L reaction volume was used to produce 3-methylxanthine (81%conversion) from 1 mM theophylline catalyzed by 15 mg/mL pDdA strain. 2 L reaction volume was used to produce theobromine (98.5% conversion) from 1 mM caffeine catalyzed by 15 mg/mL pAd1dDD strain. 2 L reaction volume was used to produce 7-methylxanthine (100% conversion) from 0.5 mM theobromine catalyzed by pBD2dDB strain. All reactions were carried out at 30 oC and 250 rpm shaker speed, and the reaction medium was 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH=7). All methylxanthines products were separated by preparative chromatography with high recovery, and each product solution was collected in bottles. Products were purified by drying at 120-140 C for 4 hours and 100, 255, and 127 mg 3-methylxanthine, theobromine, and 7-methylxanthine were recovered. Also, 178 mg theobromine was produced form post brew coffee waste from 1.16 L reaction catalyzed by 25 mg/mL pAD1dDD strain. Purity of the isolated methylxanthine products was comparable to authentic commercially standards with no contaminant peaks, as observed by HPLC, LC-MS and NMR.
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Domagalski, Jakub. "Electrochemically engineered anodic alumina Nanotubes: physico-chemical properties and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671688.

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Des del seu descobriment, l'alúmina anòdica porosa s’ha utilitzat com a recobriment protector. El descobriment de la seva estructura porosa va animar els investigadors a desenvolupar nous mètodes de fabricació d'alúmina, obtenint així geometries complexes de propietats diverses. En aquesta tesi es desenvolupen nanotubs d'alúmina anòdica (AANTs) mitjançant un procés d’anodització que es coneix com anodització per polsos. El procés consisteix a entrellaçar polsos de corrent de baixa (~6 mA/cm2) i alta (~290-390 mA/cm2) densitat. Un flux de corrent prou alt produeix un estrenyiment vertical dels porus i unions entre cel·les més febles. L'atac electroquímic selectiu i la sonicació en aigua de l'estructura resultant permeten produir col·loides de nanotubs. El primer objectiu d'aquesta tesi és una anàlisi exhaustiva del procés per comprendre millor el mecanisme de formació dels AANTs i relacionar les condicions d’anodització amb la seva geometria resultant. El segon objectiu és avaluar i optimitzar el seu postprocessat, investigant nous mètodes d'alteració de les seves propietats fisicoquímiques. L'últim objectiu és dissenyar i fabricar nanotubs i proposar les seves aplicacions. Aquest treball investiga l'evolució del perfil de l'alúmina en funció dels paràmetres d’anodització. A més, el corrent i el potencial del procés s'associen amb la geometria i les propietats dels nanotubs obtinguts: longitud, diàmetre intern i extern, potencial Z i tamany. En resum, un corrent més alt condueix a nanotubs més llargs i estrets amb menor càrrega superficial. S'avaluen i optimitzen les condicions de sonicació. Es demostra que el recuit a alta temperatura dels nanotubs té un impacte en la seva estructura cristal·lina i composició elemental. Posteriorment, els nanotubs es decoren electrostàticament amb nanopartícules magnètiques i es modifica el seu interior amb una proteïna marcada amb fluoròfor. Aquests col·loides magnètics han demostrat ser útils per a la detecció de la catepsina B, el que demostra la seva utilitat com a sensors.<br>La anodización del aluminio tiene casi un siglo de historia. La alúmina anódica se utilizó inicialmente como recubrimiento protector, pero el desarrollo de la microscopía electrónica reveló la morfología porosa de este óxido. Este descubrimiento animó a los investigadores a desarrollar nuevos métodos de fabricación de la alúmina porosa, obteniendo así geometrías complejas con diversas propiedades. En esta tesis se desarrollan nanotubos de alúmina anódica (AANTs) a través de un proceso de anodización que se conoce como anodización por pulsos. El proceso consiste en entrelazar pulsos de corriente de baja (~ 6 mA / cm2) y alta (~ 290-390 mA / cm2) densidad. Un flujo de corriente suficientemente alto afecta a la formación de la estructura, resultando en un estrechamiento vertical de los poros y uniones entre celdas más débiles. El ataque electroquímico selectivo y la sonicación en agua de la estructura resultante permiten producir coloides de nanotubos. El primer objetivo de esta tesis es un análisis exhaustivo del proceso para comprender mejor el mecanismo de formación de los AANTs y conectar con precisión las condiciones de anodización con la geometría resultante de la estructura. El segundo objetivo es evaluar y optimizar su posprocesado, investigando nuevas posibilidades de alterar las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los AANT. El último objetivo es diseñar y fabricar nanotubos funcionales y proponer sus aplicaciones. Este trabajo investiga la evolución del perfil de anodización en función de las condiciones del proceso de anodización. Además, la corriente y el potencial del proceso se asocian con la geometría y las propiedades de los nanotubos obtenidos: longitud, diámetro interno y externo, potencial Z y dispersión de tamaño. En resumen, una corriente más alta conduce a nanotubos más largos y estrechos con una carga superficial más baja. Se evalúan las condiciones de sonicación proponiendo un conjunto de parámetros más óptimo. Se demuestra que el recocido a alta temperatura de los nanotubos tiene un impacto en su estructura cristalina y composición elemental: el aumento de temperatura produce una fracción cristalina más alta y disminuye su contenido de azufre. Posteriormente, los nanotubos se decoran electrostáticamente con nanopartículas de maghemita y se modifica su interior con una proteína marcada con<br>Most of the time since its discovery, nanoporous anodic alumina was used as a protective coating. The intrinsic property revealed by the electron microscope – porosity – encouraged researchers to investigate new methods of porous alumina fabrication, obtaining complex geometries with various properties. In this thesis, anodic alumina nanotubes (AANTs) are developed through a carefully adjusted anodization process defined as pulse anodization. The process consists of interlacing current pulses of low (~6 mA/cm2) and high (~290-390 mA/cm2) density. Sufficiently high current flow affects the formation of the structure, resulting in vertical pore narrowings and weaker cell junctions. Selective acid etching and sonication in water enables to yield colloids of nanotubes. First aim of this thesis is a thorough analysis of the process to better understand the formation mechanism of AANTs and precisely connect anodization conditions with the resultant geometry of the structure. Second goal is to evaluate and optimize post-processing investigating further possibilities to alter physio-chemical properties of AANTs. Last objective is to design and fabricate functional nanotubes and propose their applications. This work reports the evolution of the anodization profile depending on the process conditions. Further, current and potential of the process are associated with the geometry and the properties of the obtained nanotubes: length, inner and outer diameter, z-potential and size dispersity. In brief, higher current leads to longer and narrower nanotubes with lower surface charge. Sonication conditions are evaluated leading to the proposal of a more optimal set of parameters. Annealing of the nanotubes is demonstrated to impact on their crystalline structure and elemental composition: temperature increase leads to higher crystalline fraction and decrease their sulfur content. Nanotubes are later electrostatically-decorated with maghemite nanoparticles and modified inside with a fluorophore labelled protein. These magnetically responsive colloids demonstrate stimuli-responsive detection of cathepsin B, supporting its utility as a sensor.
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Basim, Gul Bahar. "Formulation of engineered particulate systems for chemical mechanical polishing applications." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001115.

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Khan, Ahmed Faraz. "Chemical kinetics modelling of combustion processes in SI engines." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7554/.

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The need for improving the efficiency and reducing emissions is a constant challenge in combustion engine design. For spark ignition engines, these challenges have been targeted in the past decade or so, through ‘engine downsizing’ which refers to a reduction in engine displacement accompanied by turbocharging. Besides the benefits of this, it is expected to aggravate the already serious issue of engine knock owing to increased cylinder pressure. Engine knock which is a consequence of an abnormal mode of combustion in SI engines, is a performance limiting phenomenon and potentially damaging to the engine parts. It is therefore of great interest to develop capability to predict autoignition which leads to engine knock. Traditionally, rather rudimentary skeletal chemical kinetics models have been used for autoignition modelling, however, they either produce incorrect predictions or are only limited to certain fuels. In this work, realistic chemical kinetics of gasoline surrogate oxidation has been employed to address these issues. A holistic modelling approach has been employed to predict combustion, cyclic variability, end gas autoignition and knock propensity of a turbocharged SI engine. This was achieved by first developing a Fortran code for chemical kinetics calculations which was then coupled with a quasi-dimensional thermodynamic combustion modelling code called LUSIE and the commercial package, GT-Power. The resulting code allowed fast and appreciably accurate predictions of the effects of operating condition on autoignition. Modelling was validated through comparisons with engine experimental data at all stages. Constant volume chemical kinetics modelling of the autoignition of various gasoline surrogate components, i.e. iso-octane, n-heptane, toluene and ethanol, by using three reduced mechanisms revealed how the conversion rate of relatively less reactive blend components, toluene and ethanol, is accelerated as they scavenge active radical formed during the oxidation of n-heptane and iso-octane. Autoignition modelling in engines offered an insight into the fuel-engine interactions and that how the composition of a gasoline surrogate should be selected. The simulations also demonstrated the reduced relevance of research and motor octane numbers to the determination of gasoline surrogates and that it is crucial for a gasoline surrogate to reflect the composition of the target gasoline and that optimising its physicochemical properties and octane numbers to match those of the gasoline does not guarantee that the surrogate will mimic the autoignition behaviour of gasoline. During combustion modelling, possible deficiencies in in-cylinder turbulence predictions and possible inaccuracies in turbulent entrainment velocity model required an optimisation of the turbulent length scale in the eddy burn-up model to achieve the correct combustion rate. After the prediction of a correct mean cycle at a certain engine speed, effects of variation in intake air temperature and spark timing were studied without the need for any model adjustment. Autoignition predictions at various conditions of a downsized, turbocharged engine agreed remarkably well with experimental values. When coupled with a simple cyclic variability model, the autoignition predictions for the full spectrum of cylinder pressures allowed determination of a percentage of the severely autoigniting cycles at any given spark timing or intake temperature. Based on that, a knock-limited spark advance was predicted within an accuracy of 2° of crank angle.
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Books on the topic "Chemical engineers"

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1924-, Perry Robert H., Green Don W, and Maloney James O, eds. Perry's chemical engineers' handbook. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.

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Griskey, Richard G. Chemical engineers' portable handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.

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Salaheldeen Elnashaie, Said, Firoozeh Danafar, and Hassan Hashemipour Rafsanjani. Nanotechnology for Chemical Engineers. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-496-2.

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1924-1978, Perry Robert H., and Green Don W, eds. Perry's chemical engineers' handbook. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008.

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Maynard, Richard. Opportunities for chemical engineers. Manchester: Central Services Unit for University and Polytechnic Careers and Appointments Services, 1985.

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de Nevers, Noel. Physical and Chemical Equilibrium for Chemical Engineers. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118135341.

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Nevers, Noel De. Physical and chemical equilibrium for chemical engineers. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2012.

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Walas, Stanley M. Reaction kinetics for chemical engineers. Boston: Butterworths, 1989.

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Wright, Dennis. Basic Programs for Chemical Engineers. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4121-2.

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Wright, Dennis. Basic Programs for Chemical Engineers. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Chemical engineers"

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Turner, J. C. R. "Chemical Thermodynamics for Chemical Engineers." In Teaching Thermodynamics, 471–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2163-7_49.

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Schmidt, Achim. "Chemical Reactions." In Technical Thermodynamics for Engineers, 733–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20397-9_24.

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Watson, Keith L. "Chemical Bonding." In Foundation Science for Engineers, 134–43. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12450-3_15.

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Watson, Keith L. "Chemical Bonding." In Foundation Science for Engineers, 141–50. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14714-4_16.

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Schmidt, Achim. "Chemical Reactions." In Technical Thermodynamics for Engineers, 799–843. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97150-2_24.

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Salaheldeen Elnashaie, Said, Firoozeh Danafar, and Hassan Hashemipour Rafsanjani. "Chemical Engineering from Technology to Engineering." In Nanotechnology for Chemical Engineers, 1–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-496-2_1.

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Salaheldeen Elnashaie, Said, Firoozeh Danafar, and Hassan Hashemipour Rafsanjani. "From Nanotechnology to Nanoengineering." In Nanotechnology for Chemical Engineers, 79–178. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-496-2_2.

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Salaheldeen Elnashaie, Said, Firoozeh Danafar, and Hassan Hashemipour Rafsanjani. "Learning Synergism in Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering by Case Study." In Nanotechnology for Chemical Engineers, 179–272. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-496-2_3.

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Salaheldeen Elnashaie, Said, Firoozeh Danafar, and Hassan Hashemipour Rafsanjani. "Conclusions and Outlook." In Nanotechnology for Chemical Engineers, 273. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-496-2_4.

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Han, Kyonghee, and Gary Lee Downey. "Engineers for Heavy and Chemical Industries: 1970–1979." In Engineers for Korea, 77–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02128-2_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Chemical engineers"

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Shageeva, Farida T., and Vasiliy G. Ivanov. "Contemporary technologies for training future chemical engineers." In 2013 International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl.2013.6644546.

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Shageeva, Farida Tagirovna, and Luiza Ravilevna Nazmieva. "Module technologies in training chemical-process engineers." In 2012 15th International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl.2012.6402189.

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Ruiz-Rosas, Ramiro, Ángel Berenguer-Murcia, and Rosa Torregrosa-Maciá. "MATLAB GAMIFICATION OF REACTION KINETICS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERS." In International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2017.1528.

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Garcia, Sebastian, Antonio Parejo, Carlos Leon, and Joaquin Luque. "Teaching electronics to chemical engineers: the pandemic opportunity." In 2022 Congreso de Tecnología, Aprendizaje y Enseñanza de la Electrónica (XV Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching Conference (TAEE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taee54169.2022.9840566.

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Yurkiv, Taras. "Continuous Improvement in Education of Chemical Engineers and Researchers in the United States." In Chemical technology and engineering. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/cte2019.01.117.

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Chauhan, Shailesh. "Ex inspections — A journey for maintenance engineers." In 2014 Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference Europe (PCIC Europe). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pciceurope.2014.6900058.

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Oveissi, Farshad, and Amirali Ebrahimi Ghadi. "Preparing Chemical Engineers for Industry 4.0: An Interactive Education Approach." In 9th Research in Engineering Education Symposium & 32nd Australasian Association for Engineering Education Conference. https://reen.co/: Research in Enineering Education Network (REEN), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/066488-0008.

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Ziyatdinov, Nadir N., Tatyana V. Lapteva, and Gennady M. Ostrovsky. "Place and role of modern optimization methods in training chemical engineers." In 2013 International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icl.2013.6644648.

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Khaletski, Vitali. "CONTENT LINES IN DESIGN OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION FOR WOULD-BE ENGINEERS." In 1st International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education. Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2015.59.

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Methodology of chemical education for would-be engineers in technical universities is discussed in the report. Content lines as an instrument of structuring of content of chemical courses are proposed by the author. Content lines and their practical implementation in syllabus are analyzed. It was shown that the method of syllabus design makes education area more transparent for all participants of educational process. Key words: content lines, engineering education, curriculum design.
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Schoenung, Julie M. "Teaching green topics to chemical engineers: Innovation in the process design curriculum." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issst.2009.5156754.

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Reports on the topic "Chemical engineers"

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Vora, Mehul Arun, Steinar Sanni, and Roger Flage. Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of IOR solutions on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. University of Stavanger, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.209.

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The aim of the Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) work at the IOR Centre is to provide methods, procedures, and key data to enable assessment of environmental risk in relation to IOR solutions (products and processes) elaborated at the center. The objective of this report is to provide a user guidance summary on methods and tools to conduct ERA related to different IOR solutions. It will explain workflows, expertise, and tools needed in relation to different types of IOR solutions applied. The report is foremost addressed to environmental engineers in the oil and gas industry, but will also be relevant for environmental managers, environmental authorities and regulators as well as for suppliers of chemical products and environmental services.
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Wilkins, Justin, Andrew McQueen, Joshua LeMonte, and Burton Suedel. Initial survey of microplastics in bottom sediments from United States waterways. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42021.

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Given the reported extent of microplastics in the aquatic environment, environmentally relevant exposure information for sediments dredged by the US Army Corps of Engineers will lend context to the risks posed by this contaminant during dredging. We measured the occurrence, abundance, and polymer composition of microplastics in sediments collected from nine dredged waterways and two non-dredged reference areas. The number of particles in sediment samples ranged from 162 to 6110 particles/kg dry wt., with a mean of 1636 particles/kg dry wt. Fragments were the most prevalent shape observed among the 11 study sites (100% frequency of occurrence), followed by fibers (81%), spheres (75%), foams (38%) and films (34%). Based on analyses of chemical composition of the particles using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, polyethylene:propylene was the most common polymer type observed. Consistent with results presented by other investigators microplastic concentrations and polymer types in bottom sediments in this study were also aligned with the most widely used plastics worldwide.
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Kennedy, Alan, Andrew McQueen, Mark Ballentine, Brianna Fernando, Lauren May, Jonna Boyda, Christopher Williams, and Michael Bortner. Sustainable harmful algal bloom mitigation by 3D printed photocatalytic oxidation devices (3D-PODs). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43980.

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The impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), often caused by cyanobacteria (Figure 1), on water resources are increasing. Innovative solutions for treatment of HABs and their associated toxins are needed to mitigate these impacts and decrease risks without introducing persistent legacy contaminants that cause collateral ecosystem impacts. This technical note (TN) identifies novel opportunities enabled by Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, to produce high surface area advanced material composites to rapidly prototype sustainable environmental solutions for aquatic nuisance species control. This innovative research explores deployment of 3D-printable polymer composite structures containing nano-scale photocatalysts for targeted open water treatment of HABs that are customizable to the site-of-concern and also retrievable, reusable, and sustainable. The approach developed to control cyanobacteria HAB events has the potential to augment or replace broadcast, non-specific chemical controls that otherwise put non-target species and ecological resources at long-term risk. It can also augment existing UV-treatment HAB treatment control measures. The expected research outcome is a novel, effective, and sustainable HAB management tool for the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and resource managers to deploy in their HAB rapid response programs. The research will provide a framework for scale-up into other manufacturing methods (e.g., injection molding) to produce the devices in bulk (quickly and efficiently). Research for this project title “Mitigation of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins using 3D Printed Photocatalytic Materials (FY21-23)” was sponsored by the US Army Engineer Research Development Center’s (ERDC) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program (ANSRP).
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Rogers, Joseph E. L. American Institute of Chemical Engineers Final report for Office of Industrial Technologies, U.S. Department of Energy. Collaborative research (DE-FC02-94CE41107) [Technology transfer and educational activities in the area of industrial waste reduction and pollution prevention]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/808648.

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Rose, Peter, E. Chemical Stimulation of Engineered Geothermal Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/935668.

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R. Jarek. ENGINEERED BARRIER SYSTEM: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/883417.

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P. Dixon. Engineered Barrier System: Physical and Chemical Environment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/837502.

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R. Jarek. ENGINEERED BARRIER SYSTEM: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/859410.

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G.H. Nieder-Westermann. ENGINEERED BARRIER SYSTEM: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861095.

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Moore, David, Damarys Acevedo-Acevedo, and Philip Gidley. Application of clean dredged material to facilitate contaminated sediment source control. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45342.

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Navigation channels, turning basins, and other US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)–managed navigation infrastructure often serve as repositories for contaminated sediment from off-site sources. As much as 10% of the material that USACE dredges on an annual basis is contaminated such that it requires additional and more costly management (for example, rehandling and placement in managed confined disposal facilities). Presence of contaminated sediments constrain potential management options resulting in additional costs and opportunity loss from the inability to beneficially use the material. One potential solution is applying clean dredged material to stabilize and isolate contaminated sediment sources, preventing further transport and introduction to USACE-managed infrastructure. This document summarizes a comprehensive literature review of laboratory and field case studies relevant to using clean dredged material to isolate or stabilize contaminated sediments, focusing on the physical, chemical, and biological parameters critical to establishing its feasibility and long-term effectiveness. Potentially effective engineering control measures were also reviewed where erosion and site hydrodynamics are facilitating the transport of contaminated sediments to USACE-maintained navigation infrastructure. This literature review documents and summarizes those factors considered in establishing feasibility and long-term effectiveness of the approach as well as the applicable engineering tools employed and constraints encountered.
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